Memory has three main processes: sensory memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory. Sensory memory only lasts a second, short-term memory lasts a few seconds unpracticed, and long-term memory can last a lifetime. There are five main types of memory: episodic, semantic, working, procedural, and implicit. Memories are not static but change over time based on beliefs and new information. Factors like stress, alcohol, head injuries, and PTSD can impact memory formation and recall.
Memory is ourbrain’s ability to store, retain & recall information and experiences. Memory has 3 processes Sensory Memory Short-Term Long-Term
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Our Brain’s have5 types of Memory Episodic- comprised of reconstruction of past experiences, including sensations, emotions. They usually unfold like movies and are experiences by one’s point of view Semantic- is non-personal, factual knowledge that stands alone Working Memory- the capacity to hold information long enough to use it Procedural “body ” – comprised from learning actions like: walking, swimming, riding a bike Implicit – we don’t know that we have it, they affect our actions in subtle ways like; you may dislike a new person because they remind you of someone else .
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Sensory Memory The ability to look at an item for a second and then remember what it looked like. It is processed approximately 200-500 milliseconds after an item is perceived.
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Short-Term Memory Iswhere memory is recalled without practicing, something that happened recently. Short-Term Memory is dependent on the regions of the Frontal & Parietal Lobes It is believed to rely mostly on an acoustic code for storing information.
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Long-Term Memory Isthe ability to store more information for long periods of time (life times) like phone numbers, names and address’ from when we were kids
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How Accurate isMemory Most people think that a memory is like a nonfiction book or movie. Scientists have found that human memory changes constantly. Memories lose detail & become distorted as time passes. They are shaped and reshaped by people’s beliefs, expectations and views of themselves. People modify their memories to include newly learned information-even if the facts are wrong. Painful memories lost and found, are harder to find the truth especially when it comes to victims of child abuse. Between 8 and 38% of women in surveys thought they had suffered some kind of sexual abuse as a child. So Memories are distributed throughout our brains so if one part of an experience is lost, another part of it remains, example: If a memory of someone's name is lost, the memory of their face is not. Memory (Lisa Yount-Lucent Overview Series)
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Memory Glossary FlashbulbMemories- are Vivid, detailed memories of events associated with strong emotions. Eidetic Memory- The ability to remember information and its surroundings in great detail: sometimes called photographic memory. Episodic Memory- Memory for events in a person’s past: a form of explicit memory Implicit Memory- The system of memories that do not enter conscious awareness, including memories for learned skills, habits, and conditioning Long-Term Memory- Explicit memory that lasts for more than a few minutes Perceptual Memory- A form of memory in which sense perceptions are recorded in the brain for a few seconds Anterograde Amnesia- the inability to form new long term memories Acetylcholine-a neurotransmitter used by some nerve cells, including those destroyed by Alzheimer’s disease Korsakoff’s Syndrome- A kind of amnesia that usually affects alcoholics who eat a diet lacking vitamin B Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)- A disorder sometimes suffered by people who have suffered terrifying experiences; it can include nightmares and vivid memory “flashbacks”. Memory (Lisa Yount pg 102-104)
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Memory Videos PTDSDisorder: This video talks about how Dr. Alan Brunet gave a woman with PTSD a pill to be able to surface a deeply imbedded traumatic memory, to be able to tone down the emotions connected to that memory. It also shows how and where traumatic memories are stored. http://digital.films. com/PortalPlaylists . aspx ?aid=6345&xtid=39692&loid=59039 Films on Demand, SPSCC Library Web-Site: Username:south Password:puget (check remember me) How does your memory work? This video is about Memory and how it works, from birth to elderly. Why we need it and it shows images, Memory loss, PTDS disorders as well as ages and stages of memory. http://digital.films.com/PortalPlaylists.aspx?aid=6345&xtid=39692
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F.Y.I Only experiencesgiving rise to unusually prolonged and/or intense neural activity become encoded as memories. The Hippocampus encodes new memories & helps recall others PTSD: Post Traumatic Stress Disorder is a condition where people have vivid memories (flashbacks) of traumatic experiences. Emotionally traumatic experiences are more likely remembered because emotion amplifies experience.
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It is saidthat, Memory does not comprise a single unitary system, but rather an array of interacting systems, each capable of encoding or registering information, storing it and making it available by retrieval. Without this capability for information storage, we could not perceive adequately, learn from the past, understand the present, or plan for the future. In the case of the psychological study of memory, there is considerable agreement that it can broadly be divided into: sensory memory, short-term or working memory, and long-term memory. Essentials of Human Memory ( Alan D. Baddeley)
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Some causes ofMemory Loss Poor Health especially lack of Vitamin B Severe Stress & unhappiness can interfere with Memory Alcohol slows down the nervous system and can block storage of new memories Traumatic experiences, Head injury, Addiction (Memory-Lisa Yount)
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Ebsco Peer ReviewedArticle The article discusses episodic memory, which grows worse during normal aging of adult people. It says that episodic memory enables a person to execute daily intellectual and social activities as well as recalling series of events that happened. It states that one of the major worries of adult people is the fear of Alzheimer's disease. Furthermore, it mentions that the hippocampus plays an important role in long-term memory. http://web. ebscohost . com/ehost/detail ?hid=119&sid=249fd808-bd76-4705-9c372df0c076b2ce%40sessionmgr113&vid=4&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ%3d%3d#db=a9h&AN=54572745
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Peer reviewed ArticleSpike-Timing Theory of Working Memory. This article talks about working memory and where it is stored and why it is so important for our brains. The images show plasticity, synaptic, and neurons in our brain. http://web. ebscohost . com/ehost/detail ?hid=17&sid=6c74b3b8-a88a-4e9a-8471-054b9dd9262d%40sessionmgr115&vid=33&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ%3d%3d#db=a9h&AN=54106432
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Annotated Bibliography Books/Chapters* The Human Brain Book ( By: Rita Carter) Is about the 5 types of memory and summarizes the different types by function and location each one is in the brain In this book it also has many great pictures regarding structure, function and disorders. The book says that it provides information on a wide range of medical topics. *Memory book ( By:Lisa Yount) Examines the phenomenon of remembering, covering what memories are, how they are stored in the brain, their importance in human history, and more. * Essentials of Human Memory ( By: Alan D. Baddeley) Combines a coverage of fundamental issues of human memory, based on laboratory research. Where dramatic memory deficits show understanding on normal memory
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Bibliography Peer ReviewedEbsco Articles- MLA (Modern Language Assoc.) Works Cited Ober, Beth A. "Memory, brain and aging: the good, the bad and the promising." California Agriculture 64.4 (2010): 174-182. Academic Search Complete. EBSCO. Web. 18 Feb. 2011. http://web. ebscohost . com/ehost/detail ?hid=119&sid=249fd808-bd76-4705-9c372df0c076b2ce%40sessionmgr113&vid=4&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ%3d%3d#db=a9h&AN=54572745 The article discusses episodic memory, which grows worse during normal aging of adult people. It says that episodic memory enables a person to execute daily intellectual and social activities as well as recalling series of events that happened. It states that one of the major worries of adult people is the fear of Alzheimer's disease. Furthermore, it mentions that the hippocampus plays an important role in long-term memory. MLA (Modern Language Assoc.) Works Cited Szatmáry, Botond, and Eugene M. Izhikevich. "Spike-Timing Theory of Working Memory." PLoS Computational Biology 6.8 (2010): 1-11. Academic Search Complete. EBSCO. Web. 18 Feb. 2011 http://web.ebscohost.com/ehost/detail?hid=17&sid=6c74b3b8-a88a-4e9a-8471-054b9dd9262d%40sessionmgr115&vid=33&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ%3d%3d#db=a9h&AN=54106432 This article talks about working memory and where it is stored and why it is so important for our brains. The images show plasticity, synaptic, and neurons in our brain.
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Bibliography Videos BothVideos were found on the SPSCC Library Web-site, under Database, Films on Demand MLA. How Does Your Memory Work?. Films Media Group, 2008. Films On Demand. Web. 18 February 2011. <http://digital.films.com/PortalPlaylists.aspx?aid=6345&xtid=39692>. Films on Demand, SPSCC Library Web-Site: Username:south Password:puget http://www.library.spscc.ctc.edu/OnlineDatabases.html