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PPIT Lecture 1
This document provides an overview of the topics that will be covered in a course on professional practices in information technology (IT). The course will cover introductions to IT and professionalism, ethics, information security and privacy, intellectual property laws, and social responsibilities of IT professionals. It will also discuss how IT is used in different domains like education, health, finance, entertainment, and careers. The document outlines different computer types including supercomputers, mainframes, workstations, microcomputers, and microcontrollers. It also discusses topics like servers, trends of convergence, portability and personalization in IT, and future directions of computer and communication technologies.
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PPIT Lecture 1
- 1. Professional Practices inIT (CSC 110)
- 2. Course Outline • Introductionto Information Technology (IT) • Professionalism (in general and in the field of IT) • Professional activities and their role in society • Professional Ethics • Misuse of IT and risks • Hacking, ethical hacking • Information Security and privacy • Issues in Social Web (privacy, trust, influence, etc) • plagiarism • Intellectual property and software laws • Social responsibilities of an IT professional 2
- 3. IT & YourLife: The Future Now Definition: Information Technology (IT) describes any technology that helps to produce, manipulate, store, communicate, and/or disseminate information – Part 1: Computer Technology – Part 2: Communication Technology 3
- 4. How is ITbeing used in Education? • 99% universities in Pakistan have internet access • Majority of university students own their own computer • 80% of students use the internet for 4 or more hours per week • ½ of professors in universities require students to use email in their classes • Distance Learning such as this is a prime example of usage of IT in education. 4
- 5. Health: High Techfor Wellness • Telemedicine: Medical care via telecommunications lets doctors treat patients from far away • 3D Computer models allow accurate tumor location inside a skull • Robots permit precise microsurgery • Handheld computers allow patients to measure blood sugar • Medical implants allow stroke patients to directly control computers to talk for them • Health websites provide medical information 5
- 6. Money: Cashless Society? •Definition: Virtual means something that is created, simulated, or carried on by means of a computer or a computer network • Virtual airline tickets • Virtual money – Online bill paying – PayPal – Electronic payroll deposit – Micropayments for online music 6
- 7. Leisure: Infotech inEntertainment & the Arts • Videogames • Downloading – Movies – Music – ebooks • Most movies use computer animation • Digital editing 7
- 8. Jobs & Careers •Office careers: Budget, payroll, letter-writing, email • Teaching: Automated grading systems, emailing, distance teaching • Fashion: Sales/inventory control systems, ordering, personnel • Job-hunting: – Use word processor to create resumes – Post resumes online – Online job searches Question: Can anyone think of a career that does NOT require computer skills? 8
- 9. The Telephone GrowsUp • 1973: First cellphone call • 2006: Nokia estimates 2 billion mobile phone subscribers • Today’s cellphones: – Are mobile – Can take and send pictures – Can connect to the internet – Can send and receive text messages 9
- 10. Internet, World WideWeb, & Cyberspace • World Wide Web – The multimedia part of the internet – An interconnected system of servers that support specially formatted documents in multimedia form – Includes text, still images, moving images, sound – Responsible for the growth and popularity of the internet 10
- 11. Internet, World WideWeb, & Cyberspace • Cyberspace – Term coined by William Gibson in Neuromancer (1984) – Described a futuristic computer network people “plugged” into directly with their brains – Now means • The web • Chat rooms • Online diaries (blogs) • The wired and wireless communications world 11
- 12. 5 Computer Types •Supercomputers – Priced from $1 million to $350 million – High-capacity machines with thousands of processors – Multi-user systems – To learn more about one, go to http://www.llnl.gov/asci/platforms/bluegenel/ • Mainframe Computers • Workstations • Microcomputers • Microcontrollers 12
- 13. 5 Computer Types •Supercomputers • Mainframe Computers – Until late 1960’s, the only computer available – Cost $5,000 - $5 million – Multi-user systems; accessed using a terminal – Terminals only have a keyboard and monitor; can’t be used alone – To see one, go to http://www-03.ibm.com/servers/eserver/zseries/ • Workstations • Microcomputers • Microcontrollers 13
- 14. 5 Computer Types •Supercomputers • Mainframe Computers • Workstations – Introduced in early 1980s – Expensive, powerful personal computers – Used for scientific, mathematical, engineering, computer-aided design (CAD), computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) – A less-expensive alternative to mainframes – To see some examples with current pricing, go to http://www.mce.com • Microcomputers • Microcontrollers 14
- 15. 5 Computer Types •Supercomputers • Mainframe Computers • Workstations • Microcomputers – Personal computers that cost Rs. 20,000 to Rs. 200,000 – Used either stand-alone or in a network – Types include: desktop, tower, notebooks, or Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs) • Microcontrollers 15
- 16. 5 Computer Types •Supercomputers • Mainframe Computers • Workstations • Microcomputers • Microcontrollers – Also called embedded computers – Tiny, specialized microprocessors inside appliances and automobiles – They are in: microwaves, programmable ovens, blood-pressure monitors, air bag sensors, vibration sensors, MP3 players, digital cameras, e-pliances, keyboards, car engine controllers, etc. Question: Now, how many of you would say you have NOT used a computer today? 16
- 17. Servers • Are centralcomputers • May be any of the 4 larger computer types. • “Server” describes a function – Hold data (databases) and programs – Connect to and supply services for clients – Clients are other computers like PCs, workstations, other devices 17
- 18. Convergence, Portability, &Personalization • Convergence: the combination of – Computers – Consumer electronics – Entertainment – Mass media • Portability • Collaboration: software that allows – People to share anything instantly – People to enhance the information as they forward it 18
- 19. Future of InformationTechnology • 3 directions of Computer Development – Miniaturization – Speed – Affordability • 3 directions of Communications Development – Connectivity – Interactivity – Multimedia 19
- 20. Summary • What isIT • Usage of IT in different walks of life • Medium and technologies used in IT • Types of computers • Future of IT 20