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REST and some Python (or 'Python "sinners" must REST')
The document discusses the development and functionalities of web services, emphasizing REST (Representational State Transfer) and its architecture. It encompasses various aspects such as HTTP interactions, data formats, and practical advice for building RESTful services in Python. Additionally, it references tools and libraries for web scraping and API testing.
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REST and some Python (or 'Python "sinners" must REST')
- 1. Dr. Sabin Buraga– www.purl.org/net/busaco Python “sinners” must R⚗ST
- 2. warning: some sensitive peoplemight consider this presentation somewhat offensive in this situation, these persons are advised to immediately abandon all humour and better visit gore Websites for the real-life “fun” Thank you for understanding! 100% pure sarcasm & irony included
- 3. So, our Webapplication must provide certain functionalities* to be consumed by software (not only by humans)… * desired data requested via HTTP http://www.boredpanda.com/funny-chinese-translation-fails/
- 4. …Oh, by theway, what the Web is?
- 5. …Oh, by theway, what the Web is? content ≅ sexy <mark-ups/> + stylish CSS heartaches http://www.funnypicss.com/humor/i-know-html/
- 6. …Oh, by theway, what the Web is? interaction ≅ URI + hypermedia (HTTP delights?) http://httpstatusdogs.com/
- 7. …Oh, by theway, what the Web is? development ≅ client and/or server-side programming %#^&! paradigms/languages/frameworks/magic/… http://stressandanger.wordpress.com/funny-pictures/
- 8. In order tosatisfy some 〠 needs, the software must offer certain ☠ services* http://brog.engrish.com/ * the action of helping or doing work for someone
- 9. Web service a pieceof s…oftware providing a s…pecific functionality http://wallpaperstop.co/wallpapers/2013/07/Cats-Funny-Meme-272x480.jpg
- 10. Web service a pieceof s…oftware providing a s…pecific functionality access to resources of (dis)interest – Instagram, Pinterest, Tumblr boring news aggregators – Digg, Reddit (“surreal”) maps – Bing Maps, Google Maps, Nokia HERE instant mess(ages) – Jabber, Twitter, Twilio world-wide stupidity – see Facebook (Open Graph Protocol) (unsecure) data storage – Amazon S3, Dropbox, OneDrive …and many, many, many others
- 11. Web service developed &deployed by using W3C standards URI (Unicorn Ridiculous Identifier) – aka Web address access via HTTP (Hyper Trickiest Triviality Provider) data formats: JSON (JavaScript Orgiastic Needs) XML (Exquisite Manual Labor) …
- 12. Web service a classicalimplementation: using certain Web application servers/frameworks for Python, some popular choices are Django, Grok, TurboGears, web2py, Zope https://wiki.python.org/moin/WebFrameworks
- 13. generic architecture ofa traditional Web application (N-tier application) Client Web application Storage (user interface) server/framework (data persistence) Internet (Web)
- 14. Web service goal: processingthe answer (data) provided by a given Web site/application in order to (re)use it in our (client) programs http://nedhardy.com/2013/04/22/17-hilarious-ad-placement-fails/
- 15. Web service a naïvesolution: Web scraping extracting data of interest by parsing (incorrect) HTML constructs www.winhdwallpapers.com/funny/funny-html-code-hd-wallpaper-1080p
- 16. Web service Web scraping severalPython libraries: Beautiful Soup – www.crummy.com/software/BeautifulSoup/ html5lib-python – https://github.com/html5lib/html5lib-python lxml – http://lxml.de/ Scrappy – http://scrapy.org/
- 17. How about aninteresting* paradigm of Web service development? * aka pragmatic http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:France_Paris_Notre-Dame-Adam_and_Eve.jpg
- 18. REST (REpresentational StateTransfer) Web development focused on the representation(s) of a resource Roy Fielding – PhD Thesis (2000)
- 19. REST (REpresentational StateTransfer) Web development focused on the representation(s) of a resource e.g., user, blog, article, photo, source-code,…
- 20. REST (REpresentational StateTransfer) Web development focused on the representation(s) of a resource HTML, PNG, SVG, JSON,…
- 21. REST (REpresentational StateTransfer) Web development focused on the representation(s) of a resource denoted by MIME types: text/html, application/json,…
- 22. each resource canhave multiple representations accessed via HTTP requests
- 23. clients (browsers, robots,players,…) interact with the resource representations via HTTP verbs: create: POST, retrieve: GET, update: PUT, delete: DELETE representation2 (Atom) resource URI URLURL GET POST GET DELETE representation1 (HTML)
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- 26. So, some practical advisesabout building RESTful Web services? http://www.funpedia.net/imgs/may11/very-funny-signs-06.jpg
- 27. Use nouns foreach class of resources to be managed by your service User Document – alternatives: Photo, Product, Software Metadata – e.g., Comment, Format, Platform, Tag,…
- 28. Use nouns foreach class of resources to be managed by your service collections of “things” (typically, plural) /snakes unique identifiers for every member of a collection /snakes/python versus /snakes/69
- 29. SoundCloud API types ofresources: tracks, users, current user (me), playlists, groups, comments http://developers.soundcloud.com/
- 30. Name each resourceby using URLs http://www.slideshare.net/busaco/presentations http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0401383/ http://www.last.fm/music/Moby http://vimeo.com/channels/731014
- 31. Design accepted representationsto be sent by potential clients + optional parameters (useful for pagination, partial responses, filtering,…) /snakes?limit=3&offset=14 /snakes?fields=name,age,description
- 32. Choose the representation(s)of the response to be sent to client consider existing standardized data formats e.g., HTML, Atom, JSON,… Accept: application/json (Digg) /venue.json (Foursquare) http://api.sciencemuseum.org.uk/exhibitions/?output=json
- 33. interactive access tothe data provided by a public Web service http://developer.nytimes.com/ JSON response
- 34. Integrate resources viaURLs + Web forms
- 35. Create use cases specifyexception/error conditions via HTTP status codes + additional information 200 OK, 303 See Other, 400 Bad Request, 404 Not Found,… http://httpstatus.es/
- 36. “Never release anAPI without a version and make the version mandatory.”—Brian Mulloy (2012) http://feeds.delicious.com/v2/{format}/{username} ?v=1.0 (Facebook)
- 37. Some (programming) tools fordevelopers? http://www.weirdasianews.com/category/engrish/
- 38. Python HTTP clients classicalbuilt-in modules: httplib (Python 2) http.client (Python 3)
- 39. Python HTTP clients aspecific library: Unirest for Python – http://unirest.io/python.html
- 40. Developing RESTful Webservices in Python one of our favorite frameworks: Bottle, CheeryPy, Django REST, Flask, web.py
- 41. using a Pythonwrapper for a specific Web service/API: www.pythonapi.com
- 42. Useful Web resources forlearning & making experiments?
- 43. building a RESTservice: Learn REST: A RESTful Tutorial www.restapitutorial.com Thoughts on RESTful API Design https://restful-api-design.readthedocs.org Implementing REST https://code.google.com/p/implementing-rest/
- 44. testing our/others APIs: MakeHTTP Requests http://www.hurl.it/ HTTP Request & Response http://httpbin.org/ Apigee Console https://apigee.com/console/
- 45. don’t forget toconsult: ProgrammableWeb http://www.programmableweb.com/ The Web engineer’s online toolbox ivanzuzak.info/2012/11/18/the-web-engineers-online-toolbox.html
- 46.