Stack_and_Queue_Presentation_Final (1).pptx

Stack_and_Queue_Presentation_Final (1).pptx

• 1.
  Stack and Queue •Introduction, Representation, Operations & Applications • Presented by [Your Name]
• 2.
  Stack - Introduction •A stack is a linear data structure that follows the LIFO (Last In First Out) principle. • Real-life Example: Stack of plates • A stack is a collection of elements with two principal operations: push and pop. It follows the LIFO principle, where the last element added is the first to be removed.
• 3.
  Stack - Representation •Can be represented using: • - Arrays • - Linked List • Top of stack points to the most recently added element. • Stacks can be implemented using arrays or linked lists. The 'top' pointer keeps track of the last inserted element.
• 4.
  Stack - Operations •1. push(element): Add element to top • 2. pop(): Remove top element • 3. peek(): View top element • 4. isEmpty(): Check if stack is empty
• 5.
  Applications of Stack •- Expression Evaluation (Postfix/Infix) • - Undo operations in text editors • - Recursive Function Calls • - Backtracking Algorithms • Used in expression parsing, recursive function calls, undo mechanisms, and backtracking algorithms.
• 6.
  Queue - Introduction •A queue is a linear data structure that follows the FIFO (First In First Out) principle. • Real-life Example: Queue at a ticket counter
• 7.
  Queue - Representation •Can be represented using: • - Arrays • - Linked Lists • Maintains front and rear pointers • Queues use two pointers: 'front' and 'rear' for tracking the first and last elements. Implemented using arrays or linked lists.
• 8.
  Queue - Operations •1. enqueue(element): Add to rear • 2. dequeue(): Remove from front • 3. peek(): View front element • 4. isEmpty(): Check if queue is empty
• 9.
  Types of Queue •- Simple Queue • - Circular Queue • - Priority Queue • - Double-Ended Queue (Deque) • 1. Simple Queue: FIFO structure 2. Circular Queue: Efficient space usage 3. Priority Queue: Based on priority 4. Deque: Insert/delete from both ends.
• 10.
  Applications of Queue •- CPU & Disk Scheduling • - Print Spooling • - Handling Asynchronous Data • - Call Center Systems • Used in scheduling (CPU, disk), print jobs, asynchronous data, and systems like call centers.
• 11.
  Thank You! • Anyquestions?
• 12.
  Stack - JavaPseudocode • class Stack { • int[] stack = new int[100]; • int top = -1; • void push(int x) { • stack[++top] = x; • } • int pop() { • return stack[top--]; • } • int peek() { • return stack[top]; • }
• 13.
  Queue - JavaPseudocode • class Queue { • int[] queue = new int[100]; • int front = 0, rear = -1; • void enqueue(int x) { • queue[++rear] = x; • } • int dequeue() { • return queue[front++]; • } • int peek() { • return queue[front]; • }
• 14.
  Stack - Explanation •A stack is a collection of elements with two principal operations: push (to insert an element) and pop (to remove the top element). It operates on the LIFO principle, meaning the last element added is the first to be removed.
• 15.
  Stack - RepresentationExplanation • Stacks can be implemented using arrays or linked lists. In an array-based implementation, a single variable 'top' is used to track the last inserted element. In a linked list, each node points to the next, and the top points to the last inserted node.
• 16.
  Stack - ApplicationsExplanation • Stacks are used in many areas like expression parsing, function call management in recursion, undo features in applications, and backtracking algorithms such as maze solving.
• 17.
  Queue - Representation Explanation •Queues are implemented using arrays or linked lists. It uses two pointers: front (points to the first element) and rear (points to the last element). This setup helps manage insertion and deletion from opposite ends efficiently.
• 18.
  Types of Queue- Explanation • 1. Simple Queue: FIFO structure. • 2. Circular Queue: Connects end to front for efficient space use. • 3. Priority Queue: Elements are processed based on priority. • 4. Deque: Double-ended queue allowing insertion/deletion from both ends.
• 19.
  Queue - ApplicationsExplanation • Queues are used in scheduling algorithms (CPU, disk), managing print jobs, asynchronous data transfer, and in real-world scenarios like call centers or waiting lines where order must be preserved.