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Understanding Open Source Class 101
This document provides an overview of open source software. It defines open source as software that is freely available with its source code and allows others to use, modify, and distribute the software. It discusses the main open source licenses like permissive, weak copyleft, and strong copyleft licenses. It also covers the different types of open source community governance models like walled gardens, benevolent dictators, and meritocracies. Finally, it provides tips for building open source communities through email lists, consensus, positivity, and sharing.
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Understanding Open Source Class 101
- 1. Jim Jagielski @jimjag Understanding OpenSource Class 101 AKA: How I learned to stop worrying and love FOSS
- 2. This work islicensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. About Me ➡ Apache Software Foundation ➡ Co-founder, Director, Member and Developer ➡ Director ➡ Outercurve, MARSEC-XL, OSSI, OSI (ex)… ➡ Developer ➡ Mega FOSS projects ➡ O’Reilly Open Source Award: 2013 ➡ European Commission: Luminary Award ➡ Sr. Director: Tech Fellows: Capital One
- 3. This work islicensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. What’s in your PROJECT?
- 4. This work islicensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. What is Open Source? ➡ Basically, it’s a “new” way to develop, license and distribute code ➡ Actually, there was “open source” even before it was called that ➡ The key technologies behind the Internet and the Web and the Cloud are all Open Source based ➡ Brings Scientific Method to IT
- 5. This work islicensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. What is Open Source? ➡ Open Source Licensing ➡ OSI and/or Free Software Foundation (FSF) Approved ➡ Free Software ➡ As in Free Speech, not Free Beer ➡ Open Source Methodology (secondary) ➡ Community/Governance types ➡ Many consider this just as important as the license
- 6. This work islicensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. What is Open Source? ➡ Also called Free Software ➡ But the word “Free” confuses some people ➡ FOSS: Free and Open Source Software ➡ FLOSS: Free/Libre Open Source Software ➡ Pretty much, all mean the same thing ➡ The name can cause “religious” or “philosophical” debates, but in government and industry, Open Source is the more widely used term.
- 7. This work islicensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. What is Open Source? ➡ Basic tenets (related to licenses): ➡ Access to the source code (the code is Open and Free) ➡ Ability to use the source code (run it and/or leverage it) ➡ Ability to modify the source code ➡ Ability to distribute the (modified) source code ➡ Open Source “methodology”/philosophy
- 8. This work islicensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. The draw of Open Source (hacker) ➡ Having a real impact in the development and direction of IT ➡ Personal satisfaction: I wrote that! ➡ Sense of membership in a community ➡ Sense of accomplishment - very quick turnaround times ➡ Developers and engineers love to tinker - huge opportunity to do so
- 9. This work islicensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. The draw of Open Source (Companies/Orgs) ➡ Having a real impact in the development and direction of IT ➡ Sense of membership in a community (most of the time) ➡ Save on expensive resources ➡ Ability to focus on what differentiates yourself ➡ Allows for nimbleness and agility ➡ Increased revenue and market share
- 10. This work islicensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. The draw of Open Source (users) ➡ Access to the source code ➡ Avoid vendor lock-in (or worse!) ➡ Much better software ➡ Better security record (more eyes) ➡ Much more nimble development - frequent releases ➡ Direct user input ➡ Open Standards
- 11. This work islicensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. Licenses
- 12. This work islicensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. Why? ➡ Copyright is the default ➡ Open Source is everywhere ➡ The license determines use, re-use and distribution ➡ Not understanding means risk
- 13. This work islicensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. License Goals ➡ Ensure what parts remain open source ➡ Maintain control over code and direction ➡ Provide common implementation for standards ➡ Build community or commercial marketplace ➡ For most end-users, this is the sole touch-point
- 14. This work islicensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. True Open Source ➡ For software to be Open Source, it must be under an OSI or FSF approved Open Source License ➡ Open Source Definition: http://www.opensource.org/docs/osd ➡ Free Software Definition: http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free- sw.html ➡ New Open Source licenses are very hard to get approved ➡ There are really 3 main types
- 15. This work islicensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. Give me Credit Permissive: ALv2 MIT BSD
- 16. This work islicensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. Give me Fixes Weak Copyleft: EPL LGPL
- 17. This work islicensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. Give me Everything Strong Copyleft GPLv2 GPLv3 AGPL
- 18. This work islicensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. One True License ➡ There is no such thing ➡ Licensing is selected to address what you are trying to do ➡ In general, Open Standards do better with AL-like license ➡ If wide adoption is important to you: again AL. ➡ To restrict non-shared enhancements: copyleft
- 19. This work islicensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. Governance/Community
- 20. This work islicensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. Community ➡ AKA: Governance ➡ Defines how the community operates ➡ How conflicts are resolved ➡ Growth path of the community ➡ code ➡ members ➡ Again, 3 main types
- 21. This work islicensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. Walled Garden “All your base are belong to us.”
- 22. This work islicensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. BDFL “Supreme executive power derives from a mandate from the masses, not some farcical aquatic ceremony.”
- 23. This work islicensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. Meritocracy “Out of Chaos comes Order”
- 24. This work islicensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. Community Building
- 25. This work islicensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. Use Email Lists
- 26. This work islicensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. Drive Consensus +1
- 27. This work islicensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. No Poisonous People
- 28. This work islicensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. Play Nice, Share, Have Fun
- 29. This work islicensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. Thanks! Twitter: @jimjag Emails: jim@jaguNET.com jim@apache.org jim.jagielski@capitalone.com http://www.slideshare.net/jimjag/