Josef Runsten
Particles in OpenFOAM
dieselSpray Used for liquid particles, eg fuel injection Well implemented collision models ORourke collision model Trajectory collision model solidParticle Used for solid particle, eg ash, dust.. NO particle interaction
Hakan Nilsson, Chalmers / Applied Mechanics / Fluid Dynamics
Josef Runsten
dieselSpray collision models
ORourke Trajectory
Collision if in same cell Disregarding particle direction
Collision if in same cell Takes direction into account Checking possibilty of collision within timestep
Hakan Nilsson, Chalmers / Applied Mechanics / Fluid Dynamics
Josef Runsten
Selecting dieselSpray collision model
Go to the case you want to run, $FOAM_TUTORIALS/dieselFoam/aachenBomb for example, and make the following changes in constant/sprayProperties collisionModel ORourke;//off; ORourkeCoeffs { coalescence off; } or collisionModel trajectory;//off; trajectoryCoeffs { cSpace 1; cTime 0.3; coalescence off; } coalenscence is used to determine if droplets can merge upon collision or not.
Hakan Nilsson, Chalmers / Applied Mechanics / Fluid Dynamics
Josef Runsten
A model for solid particles
Jx u = up1 + mp1 , p1
y vp1 = vp1 + mp1 ,
Jx u = mp2 p2
y vp2 = mp2
Jz Jz wp1 = + mp1 = 0, wp2 = mp2 = 0
p1 p2 Jx = (1 + e)up1 mp1+mp2 p1 p2 Jy = 2 vp1 mp1+mp2 7
m m
m m
Jz = 0 where e is the coefcient of restitution. Collision if two particles occypy the same cell and the distance between them is less than their diameter.
Hakan Nilsson, Chalmers / Applied Mechanics / Fluid Dynamics
Josef Runsten
Create collidingSolidParticleFoam
cd $FOAM_RUN svn checkout http://openfoam-extend.svn.sourceforge.net/svnroot/\ openfoam-extend/trunk/Breeder_1.5/solvers/other/solidParticleFoam/ cd solidParticleFoam/ Rename the directory for the new class and copy the needed solidParticle les into it. mv solidParticleFoam collidingSolidParticleFoam cd collidingSolidParticleFoam wclean cp $FOAM_SRC/lagrangian/solidParticle/solidParticle* . cp -r $FOAM_SRC/lagrangian/solidParticle/lnInclude . Do a word replacement from solidParticle to collidingSolidParticle in all the les. sed -i s/solidParticle/collidingSolidParticle/g solidParticle.C \ solidParticleCloud.C solidParticleCloud.H solidParticleCloudI.H \ solidParticleFoam.C solidParticle.H solidParticleI.H solidParticleIO.C
Hakan Nilsson, Chalmers / Applied Mechanics / Fluid Dynamics
Josef Runsten
Create collidingSolidParticleFoam
Rename the les mv mv mv mv mv mv mv mv solidParticle.C collidingSolidParticle.C solidParticleCloud.C collidingSolidParticleCloud.C solidParticleCloud.H collidingSolidParticleCloud.H solidParticleCloudI.H collidingSolidParticleCloudI.H solidParticleFoam.C collidingSolidParticleFoam.C solidParticle.H collidingSolidParticle.H solidParticleI.H collidingSolidParticleI.H solidParticleIO.C collidingSolidParticleIO.C
Edit Make/les collidingSolidParticleFoam.C collidingSolidParticle.C collidingSolidParticleIO.C collidingSolidParticleCloud.C EXE = $(FOAM_USER_APPBIN)/collidingSolidParticleFoam
Hakan Nilsson, Chalmers / Applied Mechanics / Fluid Dynamics
Josef Runsten
Create collidingSolidParticleFoam
and Make/options EXE_INC = \ -I$(LIB_SRC)/finiteVolume/lnInclude \ -I$(LIB_SRC)/lagrangian/basic/lnInclude EXE_LIBS = \ -lfiniteVolume \ -llagrangian You can try compiling and running the case. Nothing should have changed from the original wmake cd ../box blockMesh collidingSolidParticleFoam >log foamToVTK paraview Load by File>Load State>baseState.pvsm
Hakan Nilsson, Chalmers / Applied Mechanics / Fluid Dynamics
Josef Runsten
collidingSolidParticleCloud
In collidingSolidParticleCloud.C, add void Foam::collidingSolidParticleCloud::checkCell() { List<label> lcell((*this).size()); List<scalar> ld((*this).size()); List<vector> lU((*this).size()); List<vector> lposition((*this).size()); bool collision; label i=0; forAllConstIter(Cloud<collidingSolidParticle>,*this,iter) { const collidingSolidParticle& p=iter(); lcell[i]=p.cell(); //Info <<"Particle " <<i<< " is in cell "<<lcell[i]<<endl; lU[i]=p.U(); ld[i]=p.d(); lposition[i]=p.position(); i++; }
Hakan Nilsson, Chalmers / Applied Mechanics / Fluid Dynamics
//Info <<"p0-p1 = "<<mag(lposition[0]-lposition[1])<<endl; //Info <<"Diameter = "<<(ld[0]+ld[1])/2<<endl; //Only works for two particles. if (lcell[0]==lcell[1] && mag(lposition[0]-lposition[1])<=(ld[0]+ld[1])/2) { collision=true; } else { collision=false; } collision_=collision; U0_=lU[0]; } Also add #include "vector.H" in the header of the le.
Josef Runsten
collidingSolidParticleCloud
In collidingSolidParticleCloud.H, add bool collision_; vector U0_; to the private member data, and void checkCell(); bool collision(){return collision_;}; inline vector U0(){return U0_;}; to public member functions.
Hakan Nilsson, Chalmers / Applied Mechanics / Fluid Dynamics
10
Josef Runsten
collidingSolidParticle
In collidingSolidParticle.C replace U_ = (U_ + dt*(Dc*Uc + (1.0 - rhoc/rhop)*td.g()))/(1.0 + dt*Dc); with scalar e = td.spc().e(); //Restitution coefficient scalar m = rhop*d_*d_*d_*mathematicalConstant::pi*4.0/3.0; //Mass bool checkcoll=td.spc().collision(); //if(checkcoll){Info<<"Particles collide!"<<endl;} vector V0=td.spc().U0(); //OLD velocity of particle 1 scalar Jx = -(1.0+e)*V0.x()*m*m/(2.0*m);//Impulsive force x-comp scalar Jy = -2.0/7.0*V0.y()*m*m/(2.0*m);//Impulsive force y-comp if(ID_==0 && checkcoll) //Collision for particle 1 { U_.x()=V0.x()+Jx/m; U_.y()=V0.y()+Jy/m; U_.z()=0.0; }
Hakan Nilsson, Chalmers / Applied Mechanics / Fluid Dynamics
11
Josef Runsten
collidingSolidParticle
if(ID_==1 && { U_.x() = U_.y() = U_.z() = } checkcoll) //Collision for particle 2 -Jx/m; -Jy/m; 0.0;
//If no collision U_ = (U_ + dt*(Dc*Uc + (1.0 - rhoc/rhop)*td.g()))/(1.0 + dt*Dc); Add //- Particle ID scalar ID_; to the private member data in collidingSolidParticle.H.
Hakan Nilsson, Chalmers / Applied Mechanics / Fluid Dynamics
12
Josef Runsten
collidingSolidParticle
In collidingSolidParticleIO.C add IOField<scalar> ID(c.fieldIOobject("ID")); c.checkFieldIOobject(c, ID); and p.ID_ = ID[i]; to the readFields function. Add IOField<scalar> ID(c.fieldIOobject("ID"), np); and ID[i] = p.ID_; and ID.write(); to the writeFields function.
Hakan Nilsson, Chalmers / Applied Mechanics / Fluid Dynamics
13
Josef Runsten
collidingSolidParticleFoam
In collidingSolidParticleFoam.C before particles.move(g); add particles.checkCell(); Compile again wmake Now set up a case..
Hakan Nilsson, Chalmers / Applied Mechanics / Fluid Dynamics
14
Josef Runsten
Modify box
In ../box/constant/polyMesh/blockMeshDict change the blocking to hex (0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7) (3 3 3) simpleGrading (1 1 1) Run blockMesh to get a new mesh. In 0/lagrangian/defaultCloud/ cp d ID Change context of ID to FoamFile { version 2.0; format ascii; class scalarField; location "0"; object ID; } // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * // 2(0 1) // ***************************************************************** //
Hakan Nilsson, Chalmers / Applied Mechanics / Fluid Dynamics
15
Josef Runsten
Modify box
In the U le, change the velocities to 2((1.0 0 0) (-1.0 0 0)) In positions, set the coordinates to 2((1e-2 9e-2 0.05) 15 (7e-2 9e-2 0.05) 16) Run the case from box directory collidingSolidParticleFoam >log\ To postprocess, type foamToVTK paraview Load by clicking File>Load State>baseState.pvsm.
Hakan Nilsson, Chalmers / Applied Mechanics / Fluid Dynamics
16
Josef Runsten
Future work
Switch velocity at collision
Generalize for more particles Improve collision model
Hakan Nilsson, Chalmers / Applied Mechanics / Fluid Dynamics
17
