Linux Interview Questions with Answers

Explainthe boot process? Bootprocess dived into 4 phases. 1.POST 2.OBPROM 3.KERNEL INITI LI! TION 4.INIT P" SES

POST#Po$er on se%& test' It $i%% detect hard$are' (achine host I)'seria%No' architect*re t+pe' (e(or+ and Ethernet address and it $i%% %oadthe pri(ar+ pro,ra( ca%%ed -oot-%..

OBP#Open -oot pro,ra((a-%e' 1.)ia,nosin, a%% the s+ste( hard$are and (e(or+. 2.Initia%i/in, the -oot para(eter. 3.0reatin, device trees and %oad the -oot -%oc. &ro(12314 sector5' it is ca%%ed as secondar+ -oot pro,ra((a-%e *&s-oot. KERNEL INITI LI! TION#*&s-oot %oad the .erne% 1,eneric *ni65' .erne% $i%% %oad a%% thenecessar+ devices (od*%es to (o*nt the root partition tocontin*e the -ootin, process.

InitPhase # It $i%% started -+ e6ec*tin, o& 7etc7init pro,ra( and startother process readin, the 7etc7initta- &i%es' as the director+ in the7etc7initta- &i%es.

Whatis the difference between init 1 and init s ?

I&+o* s$itch &ro( (*%ti*ser (ode to init s and s$itch it -ac. to(*%ti*ser (ode.then re(ote *seres a*to(atica%%+ reconnects to thes+ste(. $here as in the case o& init 1. the+ have to reconnect(an*%%+ (eans the+ have to re%o,in

Explainabout init phases

Thereare 8 r*n %eve%. Init2#Sh*ttin, do$n the s+ste( and -rin, -ac. the s+ste( to OBP pro(pt 1OK5 Init1#Sin,%e *ser (ode &or ad(inistrative Init2#M*%ti *ser (ode $itho*t reso*rce sharin, Init3#M*%ti *ser (ode $ith reso*rce sharin, Init4#Not in *se Init4#Sh*tdo$n and po$er o&& the s+ste( Init9#Re-oot the s+ste( to de&a*%t r*n %eve% Inits#Sin,%e *ser (ode -*t *ser %o,in are disa-%ed

Explainrc script and run level Rcscript # chec. and (o*nt the &i%e s+ste(' start and stop the vario*sprocess. R*n%eve%# Base on the init phases 8 r*n %eve%

Whichfile will take place while booting. :7etc7initta-

Explain etc inittab files It$i%% have 4 &ie%ds1 id' rstat' action' process5

Respa$n# Restart dae(on i& .i%%ed O&&# )on;t start the dae(on i& .i%%ed Once#R*n once <ait#<ait &or the process to -e co(p%eted -e&ore processin, the ne6t %inein 7etc7initta-

Explain etc s!ste" file It$i%% contro% the .erne% (od*%es and it dived into 4 sector Moddir# de&a*%t %oada-%e .erne% (od*%es Root.devices= root &i%es con&i,*ration # Ph+sica% path na(e o& the devices E6c%*de#)oes not %oad the .erne% d*rin, .erne% initia%i/in, >orce%oad#>orce the .erne% (od*%e to %oad Set#set (a6i*( *ser ?42

Isit possible to edit the corntab using vi Itis not reco""ended but it is possible b! editing
:vi 7var7spoo%7cron7cronta-s7root

#heco""and to edit the crontab is :cronta-3e

Isit possible to create swap in new harddisk without for"at

@ No@ $itho*t %a-e% the drive' +o* canAt do an+thin,

$ow will !ouco""ent error line in etc s!ste" file

: Bi7etc7s+ste( 1Toco((ent the error %ine in 7etc7s+ste( &i%es' $e have to *se C5

Explaininode
Itcontain the in&or(ation o& the &i%es and director+ Li.e1 date' ho(e director+' ri,hts' (odi&ied date' etc5

$ow"an! file to "odif! the host na"e to be changed without rebooting thes!ste". Thereare 9 &i%es. :vi7etc7hosts :vi7etc7nodena(e :vi7etc7hostna(e.h(e :vi7etc7net7tic%ts7hosts :vi7etc7net7ticosts7hosts :vi7etc7net7ticotsord7hosts

$owdo u change ipaddress in solaris 1% 0han,eipaddess in &o%%o$in, &i%es :7etc7hosts :7etc7inet7ipnodes

Wherethe ip address will be stored

:7etc7hosts :7etc7hostna(e.h(e

Whichfile "aintain the kernel :7etc7pathDtoDinst

This$i%% -e E*ite co(p%icative' -eca*se .erne% is the core o& theoperatin, s+ste(' its an i(a,e o& the OS. $hereas 7etc7pathDtoDinstare the drivers are stored &or the ena-%ed hard$are.

$owwill see the kernel version

O.-anner 33F This $i%% not sho$ the Kerne% O..version 33F This $i%% te%% the open -oot pro(pt versionother$ords' >IRM< RE :prtcon& GB :sho$rev 33F $i%% sho$ the insta%%ed patches :*na(e G6

$owwill see the hostna"e

:nodena(e :hostna(e

$owwill co"pare & host patches

Thro*,h&tp cop+ the copied &i%es nad *se dd co((and to co(pare -oth the hostpatches. *sethe co((and ca%%ed Hdi&&H

'ifferencebetween probe(scsi(all and probe(scsi OKpro-e3scsi3a%%# it $i%% sho$ a%% the scsi devices connected interna%and e6terna% OKpro-e3scsi# it $i%% sho$ on%+ interna% scsi devices connected

$owto find the hardware configuration

OK-anner 33F &ro( the open -oot pro(pt :prtcon& :s+sde& :7*se7p%at&or(7s*n4*7s-in7prtdia,

$owwill !ou find the nu"ber of hard disk

:&or(at :d(es, 33F this $i%% not ,ive the correct ans$er :s+sde& :iostatGEn 33F it $ont sho$ the >i-re channe% OKsho$3devs 33F it $i%% sho$ the device scsi -*s channe%

OKpro-e3scsi3a%% 33F This $i%% detec. a%% the scsi -*s channe%' it$i%% sho$ 0)3ROM7)B)3ROM a%so

$owto create core du"p and crash du"p :coread( ,%o-a%core &i%e pattern# init core &i%e pattern#core ,%o-a% core d*(ps#disa-%ed per3process core d*(ps# ena-%ed ,%o-a% setid core d*(ps# disa-%ed per3process setidcore d*(ps# disa-%ed ,%o-a% core d*(p %o,,in,#disa-%ed #o disable per(process corefile creation) use* coread(3d process This $i%% (odi&+ the7etc7coread(.con& $hich is read at -oot $hen 7etc7init.d7coread( ise6ec*ted &ro( a r*nti(e contro% script. To (a.e per(anent chan,es tocoread(' do not edit the 7etc7coread(.con& &i%e' *se the coread(co((and. +rocedurefor ,ir"ware upgrade Sh*tdo$nroot cron on css%*3II servers :.7etc7init.d7cronstop

Resetthe s+ste( contro%%er &ro( the conso%e. :resetsc 3+

Jp,radethe &ir($are on the s+ste( contro%%er Fcd 711442I324 F%o( 3K .7s,rtos.&%ash F%o( 3K .7s,sc.&%ash

Escapeto %o(F and reset the S0# %o(Fresetsc 3+

Jp,radethe &ir($are on the s+ste( -oards# F%o( 3K .7%$8cp*.&%ash F%o( 3K .7%$8pci.&%ash

Sh*tdo$nthe Operatin, S+ste(. :sh*tdo$nGi2 G,2 G+

This(a+ ta.e a $hi%e &or the server to co(e *p Fpo$ero&& Fpo$eron

Whichfile to be configuring the logs "essages -like* var ad" "essageetc./ :7etc7s+s%o,.con&

$owwill see the version of the patches

:sho$rev Gp :patchadd GP

$owwill check patches installed

:sho$rev Gp 33F This is the correctone :patchadd GP :patchr( # to re(ove the patch :patchad Gd 1patch no 5 # to insta%% the patch

$owwill !ou view the packages? :p.,in&oL (ore

Whenuser logging in which file will take place .pro&i%es

'efaultpath for patches :7var7sad(7patch

$ow"an! fields in passwd) shadow and group files

IinPass$d#*serna(e#pass$d#*id#,id#co((ent&i%ed#ho(edirector+#%o,inshe%% M inshado$#*seracco*nt#pass$d#%astchan,e#(in#(a6#$arrin,#inactivit+#e6piration#&%a, 4 in,ro*p# *serna(e#pass$d#,id#*ser

0!ntaxfor useradd co""ad :*seradd G* 121 G, other Gd 7e6port7ho(e7ra,* G( Gs 7-in7.shGc @reven*eN ra,*

Asa user how he can change is passwd with root privilege.

Set*idto set on 7*sr7-in7pass$d co((and

Whatis default per"ission of etc passwd ) etc shadow files

7etc7pass$d#444 7etc7shado$#422

Whatis default per"ission of files and director!?

&i%e#944 director+#I44

Whatis 12A03
JM SKis a Jni6 environ(ent varia-%e' $hich a*to(atica%%+ sets &i%eper(issions onne$%+ created &i%es' )e&a*%tva%*e is 222

$owto find the kernel bit version or architecture

:isain&o G.v

$owto set the ti"e 4ion

:7etc7de&a*%t7init T!?

Expalinsoft link and hard link

0oftlink# %in. -et$een di&&erent &i%e s+ste(s and inode n*(-er $i%% -edi&&erent 1e,5 7J3 3 7J4 :%nGs 7J37&i%e1 7J47&i%e2

$ardlink# %in. -et$eensa(e &i%e s+ste(s and inode n*(-er $i%% -e sa(e 1e,5 7J3 3 7J3 :%nGs 7J37&i%e1 7J37&i%e2

Explainsetuid) setgid and stick!bit

0etuid* <hen set*idper(ission set on a e6ec*ta-%e &i%e' *ser $ho access the &i%e is ,ranted access per(ission o& the o$ner o& the &i%e. :&ind 7 3pre( G4222

setgid* Per(issionsi(i%ar to set*id' The process is chan,ed to o$ner o& the &i%e. :&ind 7 3pre( G2222

0tick!bit* It is aspecia% per(ission that protect the &i%es $ithin a p*-%ic $rita-%edirector+ Stic.+-it per(ission set the shared director+' *ser cancreate a &i%es or director+

B*t on%+ -+ o$ner o& the director+ can (odi&+ or de%ete. :&ind 7 3pre( G1222

$owto set passwd never expire for a user :pass$dG6 G1 1*serna(e5 #olock an account si"pl! t!pe* pass$d3% *serD%o,inDna(e 5owcheck the status of the account* pass$d3S *serD%o,inDna(e #ounlock the user account...pass$d3* *serD%o,inDna(e pass$d 3S *serD%o,inDna(e

$owto enable and disable the dtlogin

:7*sr7dt7-in7dtcon&i, Ge 1ena-%e5 :7*sr7dt7-in7dtcon&i, Gd 1 disa-%e5

$owto change the hostna"e and Ethernet address in single co""and

:7*sr7s-in7s+s3*ncon&i,

$owdo !ou add the disk without reboot the server?

:dev&sad( Gc dis.

$owto delete 6abc7 files using find co""and

:&ind 7 3na(e @a-cN Ge6ec r( OPQR

Whatis difference between g 8 while creating useradd? S(a%%@,N is pri(ar+ ,ro*p 0apita%@KN is &or secondar+ ,ro*p

Wehave edit the etc passwd file and "odif! a user forget to give theshell will user able to loging? I&Pass$d G& option ,iven In $hich &i%es it $i%% *pdate.

$ow"an! filed in etc vfstab I&i%eds

Aftercreating swap file update the sa"e to etc vfstab what will be thefst!pe. te(&s

$owwill !ou clear the soft error on disk :&or(at ana%+st = veri&+ test

$owto "odif! the user fro" ragu to prasad :*ser(od Gd 7e6port7ho(e7prasad G( G% prasad ra,*

$owwill !ou find out enough "e"or!? :7*se7p%at&or(7s*n4*7s-in7prtdia, :prtcon& L ,rep Gi (e(

Whatco""and can be used in running a background process? :noh*p 1 co((ent 5 =

$owwill !ou rectif! the root passwd in solaris Bootthro*,h cdro( 173 cd in sin,%e *ser (ode. O.-oot cdro(3s :(o*nt G> *&s 7dev7rds.7c2t2d2s2 7(nt : cd(nt :setTERM?vt122 :e6portTERM 33F I& +o* dont ,ive' vi editor $onAt start proper%+ : vi7etc7shado$ 1re(ove the pass$d entr+ and save the &i%e5 :*(o*nt 7(nt :re-oot 1 <hi%e s+ste( co(e *p it $i%% as. the ne$ root pass$d.5

Explaininode
Itcontain the in&or(ation o& the &i%es and director+ Li.e1 date' ho(e director+' ri,hts' (odi&ied date' etc5

Ifthe s!ste" panic or s!ste" not booting Bootthro*,h cdro( 173 cd in sin,%e *ser (ode. O.-oot cdro(3s :(o*nt G> *&s 7dev7rds.7c2t2d2s2 7a : cda :insta%%-oot 7*sr7p%at&or(7;*na(e3i7%i-7&s7*&s7-oot-%.7dev7rds.7c22t2d2s2 :*(o*nt (nt :-oot Gr

$owwill !ou ad new aliases na"e

: vi7etc7(ai%7a%iases 1 enter the a%iases na(e 1e,5service#servicedes.Shot(ai%.co( :ne$a%iases :7*sr7%i-7send(ai% Gv G- 1a%iases na(e5

#otest send "ail* root on LIBE cathnidp :echo HThis is a test (s,H L (ai%6 3s testtha(-iraThSin3 -an,a%ore.(ai%.saic.co( root on LIBE cathnidp :

Whatare printer dae"on

:7etc7inetd.con& 33F This is an servicesdae(ons :in.%pd dae(on

Whatis the protocol supported b! 5,0

J)Pand T0P

#ofind the 9:+ environ"ent variable

OKprintenv

Explain,0;3
Jti%it+&or chec.in, and repairin, the &i%es s+ste( inconsistence d*e toa-nor(a% sh*tdo$n. Ithas 4 phases Phase1 # 0hec. -%oc. and si/e Phase2 # 0hec. pathna(e Phase3 # 0hec. connectivit+ Phase4 # 0hec. re&erence co*nt Phase4 # 0hec. c+%inder ,ro*p

Whatis the difference between dsk and rdsk

)SK#B%oc. %eve% devices R)SK#Ra$ %eve% device or character %eve% device

Ifsuper block corrupted how to recover

:ne$&s GN 7dev7rds.7c2t2d2s9 Thenr*n the &sc. *ti%it+ *sin, a%ternative s*per -%oc. :&sc. G> *&s Go -?32 7dev7rds.7c2t2d2s9

$owto create swap file

:(.&i%e22( 7&i%ena(e :s$apGa 7&i%ena(e :s$apG% 1 to vie$ and s$ap &i%e5 :s$apGd 1 to de%ete the s$ap &i%e5

Whatis difference between $ard and 0oft "ount? "ard(o*nt#Nor(a%&i%e s+ste( (o*nt *sed (ain%+ &or (o*ntin, %oca% &i%e s+ste(s. Once a &i%e s+ste( is hard (o*nted'can *se a nor(a% &i%es+ste( *nti%% its *(o*nt.

So&t(o*nt#It a%%o$s a*to(atic *n(o*ntin, i& the &i%es+ste( is id%e &or aspeci&ied ti(eo*t period. It is (ain%+ *sed &or net$or.&i%es+ste(s %i.e N>S It can -e con&i,*red *sin, *to&s and the net$or.&i%es+ste( can -e so&t (o*nted.

$owto boot the solaris s!ste" in <= %r >& bit kernel ,or<= bit :eepro( -oot3&i%e?N7.erne%7sparcM7*ni6 or OKprintenv -oot3&i%e OKsettenv -oot3&i%e .erne%7sparcM7*ni6

,or>& bit

:eepro( -oot3&i%e?N7.erne%7*ni6 or OKprintenv -oot3&i%e OKsettenv -oot3&i%e .erne%7*ni6

$owto find the boot path in solaris

:prtcon& Gvp L ,rep -ootpath or :eepro(

$owto bring the process to offline or online

:psrad( G& 1no o& the process5 :psrad( Ga Gn 1 no o& the process5

$owto check the no of the processor available

:psrin&o Gv

$owwill !ou check the process for particular user

: psGJ orac%e or :ps G&* orac%e L ,rep s(on

$owdo !ou check the no of user logged into the s!ste"

:$ho

5otable to un"ount the files its sa! bus! ?fuser (kxuc to ter"inate all the process ?u"ount prasad

$owdo !ou check the run level :$ho Gr

Inwhich file port 5o@s are defined

:7etc7service $owto enable the telnet or ftp session for one host Editthe 7etc7hosts.a%%o$ 1it $i%% have %ist o& host to access5 3F This$i%% sho$ the *ser %ist on that host.3 7etc7hosts.den+1it $i%% have %ist o& host to access den+53F This $i%% sho$ the*ser %ist on that host.3 7etc7services&i%e

Iftelnet not working) what are the thing to be checked

Pin,test' service ena-%e or not in 17etc7inetd.con&5' NIS pro-%e(

I&te%net is not $or.in,' &irst o& a%% +o* $i%% not -e ,et connected'%o,in thro*,h conso%e access and then &ind o*t $ith ps 3e& L ,repte%netd or Ki%% 31

Whatis nice and renice co""and do

Toset the hi,h priorit+ &or the process 322hi,h priorities U22%o$ priorities E,#:nice G22 orac%es

#ell"e the port for #elnet) ftp)nis)ssh)nfs #elnetA &>) ftp A &1) ssh A &&) nfs A &%=B) nis A C=B $owwill !ou restart the inetd process?
:P.i%% G"JP inetd

Whatare thing !ou "ust ensure to provide securit! the s!ste"

1. Latest patches 1. ccess to the s+ste(#

7etc7de&a*%t7%o,in

sshd.con&i, 1. Li(ited s* access 1. Stop *nnecessar+ service at r*n %eve% 7etc7inetd.con&i, # &in,er' discard'da+ti(e'char,er't&tp'spar+ = etc

Whatis nslookup
To&ind the hostna(e and ip address Toreso%ve the hostna(e into ip and ip into hostna(e

$owto configure the network card

:i&con&i, h(e2 p%*(:i&con&i, h(e2 1M2.M.222.12 net(as. 244.244.244.2 *p : vi7etc7hosts 1 *pdate the ip address 5 : vi7etc7hosts.h(e2 1 *pdate the ip address 5 33F to -rin, theinter&ace a%on, $ith the ipaddress d*rin, -oot ti(e.

$owto configure the virtual ip address

In&init+virt*a% ip address can -e created. :i&con&i, h(e2#1 p%*(:i&con&i, h(e2#1 1M2.M.222.12 net(as. 244.244.244.2 *p : vi7etc7hosts 1 *pdate the ip address 5

: vi7etc7hosts.h(e2#1 1 *pdate the ip address 5 33F to -rin, theinter&ace a%on, $ith the ipaddress d*rin, -oot ti(e.

Whichservice assign port no d!na"icall!

Rpcservice 1 7etc7rpc5 Rpc Port(apin,# it $i%% convert the app%ication into port n*(-er

$owto find the network card speed

:ndd G,et 7dev7h(e %in.Dspeed 1 ?122(-ps' 2 ? 12(-ps

$owto "odif! network card speed

:ndd Gset 7dev7h(e instance 2 :ndd G,et 7dev7h(e %in.Dstat*s :ndd G,et 7dev7h(e %in.D(ode To(odi&+ :ndd Gset 7dev7eri instance 2 :ndd Gset 7dev7eri advD122T4Dcap2 :ndd Gset 7dev7eri advD122&d6Dcap1 :ndd Gset 7dev7eri advD122hd6Dcap2 :ndd Gset 7dev7eri advD12&d6Dcap2 :ndd Gset 7dev7eri advD12hd6Dcap2

:ndd Gset 7dev7eri advDa*tone,Dcap2 122?&*%%d*p%e6 12?ha%&d*p%e6 2? 1?a*tone, 2 rooton BJIL) .ir.-i/29 : ndd 3set 7dev7-,e3 advDa*tone,Dcap 2 rooton BJIL) .ir.-i/29 : ndd 3,et 7dev7-,e3 %in.Dspeed 122 rooton BJIL) .ir.-i/29 : ndd 3,et 7dev7-,e3 %in.Dstat*s 1 rooton BJIL) .ir.-i/29 : ndd 3,et 7dev7-,e3 %in.Dd*p%e6 2 rooton BJIL) .ir.-i/29 : ndd 3,et 7dev7-,e3 %in.Da*tone, rooton BJIL) .ir.-i/29 : ndd 3set 7dev7-,e3 advDa*tone,Dcap 1 rooton BJIL) .ir.-i/29 : ndd 3,et 7dev7-,e3 %in.Dd*p%e6 2 rooton BJIL) .ir.-i/29 : ndd 3,et 7dev7-,e3 %in.Da*tone, 1 rooton BJIL) .ir.-i/29 :

Whatare the 5,0 dae"on in server D client

0erver'ae"ons ;lient 'ae"ons 1(o*ntd statd 2.n&sd %oc.d 3.n&s%o,d 4.statd 4.%oc.d The &o%%o$in, dae(ons p%a+ acritica% ro%e in N>S service# 1. "ountd "and%es &i%e s+ste( (o*nt reE*ests &ro( re(ote s+ste(s' and provides access contro% 1server5 2. nfsd "and%es c%ient &i%e s+ste( reE*ests 1-oth c%ient and server5 3. statd <or.s $ith the %oc.d dae(on to provide crash recover+ &*nctions &or the %oc. (ana,er 1server5 4. lockd S*pports record %oc.in, operations on N>S &i%es 4. nfslogd Provides &i%es+ste( %o,,in,. R*ns on%+ i& one or (ore &i%es+ste(s is (o*nted $ith %o, attri-*te.

biod# On the c%ient end' hand%es as+nchrono*s I7O &or -%oc.s o& N>S &i%es.

$owto start stop the nfs server

:7etc7init.d7n&s.server start :7etc7init.d7n&s.server stop

Whatare perfor"ance tool used

Iostat'v(stat ' prstat ' sar 'netstat' top

$owwill !ou check the disk perfor"ance? :iostat G6ctd 4 4

I& adis. sho$s consistent%+ hi,h reads7$rites a%on, $ith ' the percenta,e-*s+ 1V-5o& the dis.s is ,reater than 4 percent' and the avera,e service ti(e 1svcDt5is ,reater than 32 (i%%iseconds' then one o& the &o%%o$in,action needs to -e ta.en

$owto find out the shared file s!ste" fro" server and client
Server# : share = d&(o*nt 0%ient# : sho$(o*nt Ge 1hostna(e5 and d&shares

Whatare the dae"ons in nis server. rpc.+ppass$dd Wp6&rd rpc.+p*pdated

Whatare processing dae"on in nis Wpserv Wp-ind

;reateda fs without largefilesuppot -ash33.22:(.&s 3> v6&s 3o no%ar,e&i%es 7dev7v67rds.7(+d,7oravo% version 9 %a+o*t 224822 sectors' 122422 -%oc.so& si/e 1224' %o, si/e 1224 -%oc.s %ar,e&i%esnot s*pported -ash33.22: (o*nt 3> v6&s 7dev7v67ds.7(+d,7oravo% 7(nt -ash33.22: (o*nt 3p L ,rep(nt

(ntta- 3 7etc7(ntta- (nt&s 3 no 7dev7v67ds.7(+d,7oravo% 37(nt v6&s 3 no r$'s*id'de%a+%o,'no%ar,e&i%es'ioerror?($disa-%e

Modi&+propert+ thro*,h&sad( 3ena-%e %ar,e&i%es -ash33.22:7opt7BRTS7-in7&sad( 3> v6&s 3o %ar,e&i%es 7(nt -ash33.22:(o*nt 3p L ,rep (nt (ntta- 3 7etc7(ntta- (nt&s 3no 7dev7v67ds.7(+d,7oravo% 3 7(nt v6&s 3 nor$'s*id'de%a+%o,'%ar,e&i%es'ioerror?($disa-%e $owwill !ou restrict one node fro" ssh service :vietc7ssh7sshdDcon&i, Per(itRootLo,inno or Ees ?du"pad".conf : 0on&i,*ration para(eters&or s+ste( crash d*(p. : )o NOT edit this &i%e -+hand 33 *se d*(pad(11(5 instead. )JMP )MD)EBI0E?7dev7ds.7c2t12d2s3 )JMP )MDS B)IR?7var7crash7isd242 )JMP )MD0ONTENT?.erne% )JMP )MDEN BLE?+es X p$d 7etc X %s 3% savC 3r36r36r36 1 root -in 1112M12 Y*n 4 2224 save 3r36r36r36 92 root -in 12244 Yan 23 2224 savecore %r$6r$6r$6 1 root other 9 Mar 2M 2229 savepnpc 3F .7save X p$d

0'0

ExplainFAI'%) FAI'1) FAI'>) FAI' %;oncatenation 0triping FAI' 12irroring FAI'G(0triped arra! with rotating parit!.

;oncatenation*;oncatenation isToinin, o& t$o or (ore dis. s%ices to add *p the dis. space.0oncatenation is seria% in nat*re i.e. seE*entia% data operations areper&or(ed seria%%+ on &irst dis. then second dis. and so on. )*e toseria% nat*re ne$ s%ices can -e added *p $itho*t havin, to ta.e the-ac.*p o& entire concatenated vo%*(e' addin, s%ice and restorin,-ac.*p. 0triping*0preading o&data over (*%tip%e dis. drives (ain%+ to enhance the per&or(ance -+distri-*tin, data in a%ternatin, ch*n.s 3 19 . inter%eave across thestripes. SeE*entia% data operations are per&or(ed in para%%e% on a%%the stripes -+ readin,7$ritin, 19. data -%oc.s a%ternative%+&or( the dis. stripes. 2irroring*Mirrorin, provides data red*ndanc+ -+ si(*%taneo*s%+ $ritin, data onto t$o s*(irrors o& a (irrored device. s*-(irror can -e a stripeor concatenated vo%*(e and a (irror can have three (irrors. Mainconcern here is that a (irror needs as (*ch as the vo%*(e to -e(irrored. FAI'G# R I) 4provides data red*ndanc+ and advanta,e o& stripin, and *ses %essspace than (irrorin,. R I) 4 is (ade *p o& at %east three dis.s'$hich are striped $ith parit+ in&or(ation $ritten a%ternate%+ on a%%the dis.s. In case o& a sin,%e dis. &ai%*re the data can -e re-*i%d*sin, the parit+ in&or(ation &ro( the re(ainin, dis.s.

$ow "an!replicas should be for raidG in sds if I have G disk

5oof $ard 'evices 5oof 0tate 'atabase Feplicas to created One Three' a%% on one s%ice T$o3&o*r T$o on each drive >iveor (ore One on each drive

Werewill be the configuration for "etadevice :7etc7%v(7(d.taor :7etc7opt7SJN<(,7(d.ta-

$owto grow disk si4e in 0'0 Identi&iedthe &ree dis.s and the vo%*(es si/e and (eta device na(e :d&Gh 7dev7(d7ds.7d1M 2IK 1.4K 24K 9V 7rp-.*p

Increasethe files!ste" b! 1%8b :(etattachd122 12K :,ro$&s3M 7a,t(,t7ora1data 7dev7(d7rds.7d122

#ofind the free space on soft partition :(etarecover3v 3n d42 3pL,rep 3i &ree

$owto find the disk controller ?cfgad"

;reating5ew ,0 in L15s and new "ount point to the 9racle files!ste" :(etainit d111 3p d222 22K

d111#So&t Partition is set*p :ne$&s 7dev7(d7rds.7d111 ne$&s#constr*ct a ne$ &i%e s+ste( 7dev7(d7rds.7d111# 1+7n5Z + :(.dir ora13data :cho$n orac%e#d-a 7ora13data :%s 3%a ora13data :(o*nt 7dev7(d7ds.7d111 7ora13data :d&3.

Whatis luxad" probe used ?luxad"probe

>o*ndEnc%os*re1s5# SJN<KSINT >0BPL Na(e#>0%oop Node <<N#42822222221-c&28 Lo,ica%Path#7dev7es7ses2 Lo,ica%Path#7dev7es7ses1

>o*nd>i-re 0hanne% device1s5# Node<<N#42222&222222d242 )evice T+pe#)is. device Lo,ica%Path#7dev7rds.7c8t92222>222222)28)3EII98082228>922d2s2 Node<<N#42222&222222d28d )evice T+pe#)is. device Lo,ica%Path#7dev7rds.7c8t92222>222222)28)3EII4M3 22228E Md2s2

020H%%,ailed 'isk 5otes

This in&or(ation $aso-tained &ro( S*nso%ve http#77s*nso%ve8.s*n.co(7search7doc*(ent.doZasset.e+?13M3I943831

This e6a(p%e is &orrep%acin, c1t2d2 on SMSLJ124 'etach failed "irrors* :(etadetach G& d2 d32 :(etadetachG& d1 d31

'eletedisk "etadevices* :(etac%eard32 :(etac%eard31

Ierif!there are no existing "etadevices* :(etastat Gp L ,repc1t2d2

Fe"ove "etadbreplicates on failed disk* :(etad- Gi :(etad- Gd c1t2d2sI

Beri&+ there are norep%icas# :(etad- L ,rep c1t2d2

0ave the disk partitiontable fro" the surviving disk* :prtvtoc7dev7rds.7c1t2d2s2 F 7var7ad(7mmddyyc1t2d2.vtoc

FeJuired for vHH%) notsure about other $W* R*n %*6ad( to re(ove the&ai%ed dis. :%*6ad( re(oveDdevice G>7dev7rds.7c1t2d2s2 t the pro(pt' ph+sica%%+re(ove the device and contin*e

R*n dev&ad( c%ean*p :7*sr7s-in7dev&sad( G0Gc dis. This sho*%d re(ove devicepaths &or this dis.. Beri&+ via# :%s G%d7dev7ds.7c1t2dC This sho*%d ret*rn nodevices.

#henew disk should now be inserted. Fefresh device na"es* :dev&sad( or :7*sr7s-in7%*6ad( insertDdevice %*6ad(insertDdevice 7dev7rds.7c1t4Md2s2 $heres6 is the s%ot n*(-er or

:7*sr7s-in7%*6ad( insertDdevice 1i& enc%os*re na(e is not .no$n5 Note#In (an+ cases' %*6ad( insertDdevice does not reE*ire the enc%os*re na(eand s%ot n*(-er. Jsethe &o%%o$in, to &ind the s%ot n*(-er#

:%*6ad( disp%a+ To&ind the *se# :%*6ad( pro-e R*nH%s 3%d 7dev7ds.7c1t1dCH to veri&+ that the ne$ devicepaths have -een created.

1pdate hardware devicenu"bers* t the end o& (etastatco((and o*tp*t are the hard$are device n*(-ers. &ter rep%ace(entthe (etadevad( co((and sho*%d -e r*n to *pdate the ne$ device n*(-er. :(etadevad( G* c1t2d2

Write vtoc toreplace"ent disk* :&(thard Gs7var7ad(7mmddyyc1t2d2.vtoc7dev7rds.7c1t2d2s2 Or *se &or(at to cop+ thepartition ta-%e.

;reate new "etadevices* :(etainit d32 1 1 c1t2d2s2 :(etainit d31 1 1 c1t2d2s1

Attach "irrors* :(etattachd2 d32 :(etattachd1 d31

Add "etadbs toreplace"ent disk* :(etad- Ga Gc 3c1t2d2sI

;heck that "etadbs arecorrect* The %o$er case %ettered&%a,s (a+ not appear *nti% the server is re-ooted. >or s(s822 thereneed to -e si6 tota% (etad-s. Three on each o& the root (irroreddis..

: (etad&%a,s &irst -%. -%oc. co*nt a( p %*o 19 81M2 7dev7ds.7c1t2d2sI a p %*o 8228 81M2 7dev7ds.7c1t2d2sI a p %*o 19422 81M2 7dev7ds.7c1t2d2sI

;heck the progress ofthe s!nc* :(etastat L ,rep Gi s+nc

;o""ent chk(vols intoroot cron if needed.

Feceivingfollowing io error on scratch ls scratch

scratch*I 9 error CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC 9bservation

,ound trans device6dG7having proble"

>o%%o$in, &i%e s+ste(sare not a-%e to open' $hi%e *sin, d. G. its sho$s i7o error.

[root drcs1\ .shX d& 3. L,rep 3i 7dev7(d7(eter 7dev7(d7(eter7ds.7d141221382 11I219 8I4343 12V 7app%7TEST 7dev7(d7(eter7ds.7d91132M282 981212 M414MI2 IV 7ora1data7METR 7dev7(d7(eter7ds.7d124994198 1941 42M912I 1V 7ora1inde67METR 7dev7(d7(eter7ds.7d222222221 12 1M81MM1 1V 7oraredo7METR 7dev7(d7(eter7ds.7d29188I813 22 19MM213 1V 7redoarch7METR

0tep1 [root drcs1\ .shX [root drcs1\ .shX (etastat3s (eter d18 (eter7d18# Trans 0tate*$ard Error Si/e# 428I282 -%oc.s Master)evice# (eter7d1I Lo,,in,)evice# (eter7d4

(eter7d1I# Mirror S*-(irror 2# (eter7d14 State# O.a+ Pass# 1 Read option#ro*ndro-in 1de&a*%t5 <rite option# para%%e%1de&a*%t5 Si/e# 428I282 -%oc.s

(eter7d14# S*-(irror o&(eter7d1I State# O.a+ Si/e# 428I282 -%oc.s Stripe 2# )evice Start B%oc. )-ase State "ot Spare c2t4d1s2 2 No O.a+

"eter dG*Logging device for "eter d< "eter d1% "eter d1= "eter d1H "eter d&&"eter d&< 0tate*$ard Error Si/e# 131MM2 -%oc.s

(eter7d4# Mirror S*-(irror 2# (eter7d3 State# O.a+

S*-(irror 1# (eter7d1 State# O.a+ Pass# 1 Read option#ro*ndro-in 1de&a*%t5 <rite option# para%%e%1de&a*%t5 Si/e# 132242 -%oc.s

(eter7d3# S*-(irror o&(eter7d4 State# O.a+ Si/e# 132242 -%oc.s Stripe 2# )evice Start B%oc. )-ase State "ot Spare c1t>d=s< 2 No O.a+

(eter7d1# S*-(irror o&(eter7d4 State# O.a+ Si/e# 132242 -%oc.s Stripe 2# )evice Start B%oc. )-ase State "ot Spare c1t=d%s< 2 No O.a+

0tep&*( na%+/ed-oth the dis. and no error &o*nd dis.s are o.a+.

&1. c1t>d= &&. c1t=d% ana%+/eF test Read+ to ana%+/e 1$onAthar( data5. This ta.es a %on, ti(e' -*t is interr*pta-%e $ith0TRL30. 0ontin*eZ +es

pass 2 3 pattern ?26c9dec9de 2I32718714 pass 1 3 pattern ?269d-9d-9d 2I32718714 Tota% o& 2 de&ective-%oc.s repaired.

0tep>*( #ake the output of"etadevice configuration for 6"eter7

[root drcs1\ .shX (etastat3s (eter 3p "eter d<(t "eter d& "eter dG (eter7d2 3( (eter7d2 1 (eter7d2 1 9 c1t4d2s2c1t4d1s2 c1t4d2s2 c1t4d3s2 c1t4d4s2 c1t4d2s2 3i 249"eter d1%(t "eter dB "eter dG (eter7dM 3( (eter7dI 1 (eter7dI 1 3 c1t3d1s2c1t3d2s2 c1t3d3s2 3i 249"eter d1=(t "eter d1> "eter dG

(eter7d13 3( (eter7d11 1 (eter7d11 1 1 c1t4d1s2

"eter dG(" "eter d> "eter d1 1 (eter7d3 1 1 c1t3d4s9 (eter7d1 1 1 c1t4d2s9 (eter7d4 1 1 c1t4d3s2 [root drcs1\ .shX

0terp=*,ind the disk is place withso"e other "etaset [root drcs1\ .shX (etastat3s drcs1 3p L ,rep 3i c1t3d4 [root drcs1\ .shX (etastat3s drcs1 3p L ,rep 3i c1t4d2 [root drcs1\ .shX (etastat3s tdcc 3p L ,rep 3i c1t3d4 [root drcs1\ .shX (etastat3s tdcc 3p L ,rep 3i c1t4d2 [root drcs1\ .shX (etastat3s ssd 3p L ,rep 3i c1t3d4 [root drcs1\ .shX(etastat 3s (spDcd 3p L ,rep 3i c1t3d4 [root drcs1\ .shX (etastat3s (eter 3p L ,rep 3i c1t4d2 (eter7d2 1 9 c1t4d2s2c1t4d1s2 c1t4d2s2 c1t4d3s2 c1t4d4s2 c1t4d2s2 3i 249(eter7d1 1 1 c1t4d2s9 [root drcs1\ .shX

0tepG* ,ind the entr! in etc vfstab for 6"eter7 7dev7(d7(eter7ds.7d147dev7(d7(eter7rds.7d14 7adev *&s 1 no 3

7dev7(d7(eter7ds.7d97dev7(d7(eter7rds.7d9 7ora1data7METR *&s 1 no 3 7dev7(d7(eter7ds.7d127dev7(d7(eter7rds.7d12 7ora1inde67METR *&s 1 no 3

0tep<* 1n"ount all the followingfile s!ste"s :*(o*nt 7app%7TEST :*(o*nt 7ora1data7METR :*(o*nt 7ora1inde67METR :*(o*nt 7oraredo7METR :*(o*nt 7redoarch7METR 0hec. d& G. $hether the&i%e s+ste( are *(o*nted

0tepC*(;learingall the trans device fro"6dG7 "eter dG*Logging device for "eter d< "eter d1% "eter d1= "eter d1H "eter d&&"eter d&<

[root drcs1\ .shX(etac%ear 3s (eter d12 (eter7d12# Trans isc%eared [root drcs1\ .shX(etac%ear 3s (eter d14 (eter7d14# Trans isc%eared [root drcs1\ .shX(etac%ear 3s (eter d18 (eter7d18# Trans isc%eared

0tepH*( ,ind all the #ransdevice configuration hascleared [root drcs1\ .shX (etastat3s (eter 3p

0tepB*( 2irror "eter dG with"eter d> [rootdrcs1\ .shX (etainit (eter7d4 3( (eter7d3 (eter7d4#Mirror is set*p

0tep1%*( Attache the "irrordevice "eter dG with sub "irror "eter d1 [rootdrcs1\ .shX (etattach (eter7d4 (eter7d1 (eter7d4# s*-(irror(eter7d1 is attached

0tep11*( ;reate all the transdevice of 7dG7 "eter dG*Logging device for "eter d< "eter d1% "eter d1= "eter d1H "eter d&&"eter d&<

:(etainit(eter7d9 3t (eter7d2 (eter7d4 :(etainit (eter7d12 3t (eter7dM (eter7d4

0tep1&*( 2ount all the followingfile s!ste"s :(o*nt7dev7(d7(eter7ds.7d9 :(o*nt7dev7(d7(eter7ds.7d12 :(o*nt7dev7(d7(eter7ds.7d14

2ostI"portant*( Ierification and confir"ation

0hec. dfKk $hether the &i%e s+ste( are (o*nted

0hec. a%% the trans deviceis presentN"etastat (s "eter Kp7 0hec. an+ error is e6ist6"etastat (s "eter7an+ hard error 0hec. a%% the &i%e s+ste(speci&ica%%+ *sin, 6ls Klrt7 0on&ir(ed$ith *ser and c%ose the ca%%.

$owto do the disk cloning on solaris "ereis the proced*re insta%%the dis. +o*can do this &e$ $a+s' %etAs the scenario -e' the dis. is a%read+attached and its -een %a-e% thro*,h &or(at. pri(ar+dis. is * r c1t2d2s2 :ddi&?7dev7ds.7c1t2d2s2 o&?7dev7ds.7c1t1d2s2 -s?249. This$i%% ta.e ti(e' depends on the si/e o& the pri(ar+ dis. ver&+the c%one dis. has a c%ean &i%es+ste(' &or that :&sc.3+ 7dev7rds.7c1t1d2s2 Toveri&+ that (o*nt the c%one dis. :(o*nt7dev7ds.7c1t1d2s2 7(nt chan,ethe 7etc7v&sta- to point to the c%one device :vi7(nt7etc7v&sta&ter(a.in, chan,es' -oot the c%one dis. 33333'one

:ackups $owwill !ou take ufsdu"p and ufsrestore in a sing co""and line?

:*&sd*(p 2& 3 7dev7rds.7c2t2d2s9 L 1cd 7(nt7prasad *&srestore 6& 35

#ocheck the status of the "edia inseted on the tape drive : (t7dev7r(t72 stat*s

0!ntexto execute a ufsdu"p :*&sd*(p 2*& 7dev7r(t71

'ifferencebetween ufs and tar co""nad

ufsdu"p 1.Jsed &or co(p%ete &i%e s+ste( -ac.*p. 2. It copies ever+ thin,&ro( re,*%ar &i%es in a &i%e s+ste( to specia% character and -%oc. device&i%es. 3. It can $or. on (o*nted or *n(o*nted &i%e s+ste(s. #ar* 1.Jsed &or sin,%e or (*%tip%e &i%es -ac.*p. 2. 0anAt -ac.*p specia%character = -%oc. device &i%es. 3. <or.s on%+ on (o*nted &i%es+ste(.

$owcop!all the files to new files!ste" ?cd export ho"e ?tar(cf ( . L - cd "nt M tar (xpf ( /

Whatis different between crontab and at co""and? 0ronta-#To- can -e sched*%ed t#Yo- can -e a r*n once on%+

Whatis difference between incre"ental backup and differential backup? Incre"enta%#On%+ those &i%es $i%% -e inc%*ded $hich have -een chan,ed since the%ast -ac.*p. 'ifferential#On%+ those &i%es $i%% -e inc%*ded $hich have -een chan,ed since the%ast >*%% -ac.*p

$ow"an! ufsdu"p level

23M%eve% 2 ?>*%% Bac.*p 13M? Incre(enta% -ac.*p o& &i%e'That have chan,ed since the %ast %o$er%eve% -ac.*p.

9ptionsin ufsdu"p S ?si/e esti(ate a(o*nt o& space need on tape L ?a*to %oaded O ?o&&%ine once the -ac.*p co(p%eted = i& possi-%e to eTect the(edia J ?*pdate the 7etc7d*(date &i%es 1Indicate#Na(e o& the &i%e s+ste('Leve%o& the -ac.*p 23M')ate. > ?speci&ied the tape devices na(e

9ptionsin ufsrestore T?%ist the content o& the (edia R?restore entire &i%e s+ste( ] ?restore on%+ the &i%e na(ed on the co((and %ine I? interactive (ode

B? ver-ose (ode > ?speci&ied the tape devices na(e

$owwill !ou co""ent error line in etc s!ste" file

: Bi7etc7s+ste( 1To co((ent the error %ine in 7etc7s+ste( &i%es' $ehave to *se C5

$owwill !ou co"e to know wheather h"e %r eri or to configuring thenetwork card. Baseon Ethernet card

'isasterrecover! steps if 90 corrupted

O.-oot cdro( Gs :ne$&s 7dev7rds.7c2t2d2s2 :(.dir a :(o*nt 7dev7ds.7c2t2d2s2 7a : cda :*&srestore r& 7dev7r(t72 : r(restores+(ta-%e : cd7*sr7p%at&or(7;*na(e3(7%i-7&s7*&s :insta%%-oot -oot-%. 7dev7rds.7c2t2d2s2 : cd7 :*(o*nt 7a :&sc. 7dev7rds(7c2t2d2s2 :init 9

fro"the 93 pro"pt) execute 93Nboot (r

$ow"a! will !ou find the process id and disk utili4ations. : pr

Whatis an alternative to the 6top7 co""and on 0olaris?

:prstat Ga

Isit possible to edit the corntab using vi Itis not reco""ended but it is possible b! editing
:vi 7var7spoo%7cron7cronta-s7root #heco""and to edit the crontab is :cronta-3e

$owwill !ou restrict the users fro" login when s!ste" in heav! load Isit possible to create swap in new harddisk without for"at
@ No@ $itho*t %a-e% the drive' +o* canAt do an+thin,

;annotopen O etc pathPtoPinstOQ S+ste(can not &ind the 7etc7pathDtoDinsta%% &i%e .It (i,ht -e (issin, orcorr*pted and needs to -e re-*i%d. Tore-*i%d this &i%e -oot the s+ste( $ith 3ar option # o.F-oot3ar Pressenter to se%ect de&a*%t va%*es &or the E*estions as.ed d*rin,-ootin, and se%ect +es to re-*i%d 7etc7pathDtoDinsta%% The7etc7pathDtoDinst on +o*r s+ste( does not e6ist or is e(pt+. )o +o*$ant to re-*i%d this &i%e [n\Z + s+ste($i%% contin*e -ootin, a&ter re-*i%din, the &i%e.

Whatare filed in vfstab deviceto (o*nt deviceto &sc. (o*ntpoint >S t+pe &sc.pass (o*ntat -oot (o*ntoptions

$owto check the sudo user : s*do G%

$owedit the sudo

:7*sr7%oca%7s-in7vis*do

Ieritas $owto find the de"o? :PsGe& L,rep v6v(

$owto find the versions? p.,in&o3% BRTSv6v(

Whatare the dae"ons in IEFI#A0? B6con&i,d B6iod B6re%ocd

$owto add disk on a rootdg :v6d, 3, rootd, adddis. ne$root?c2t2d2

$owto create a new dg :v6d,init d,na(e dis.?c2t2d2

$owto "irror a root disk Initia%i/ea ne$ dis. :dev&sad(

:&or(at 1to%a-e% the dis.5 :v6dct%Gena-%e :v6dis.ad( Se%ectoption 125 to encaps*%ation Re-ootthe server or :v6encapG c 3, rootd, G& s%iced rootdis.?c2t2d2 &terre-oot :v6dis.set*pGi dis.na(e 1c2t1d25 :v6d,G, rootd, adddis. rootne$?c1t2d2 :v6print%ist :v6root(irrootne$

$owto re"ove the "irrored root disk :v6p%e6G, -ootd, Go r( dis p%e6na(e :v6d,G, -ootd, r(dis. (irrorDdis.Dna(e :v6dis.*nset*p (irrorDdis.Dna(e Re(ove(irror dis.' and rep%ace. :dev&sad(G0v :v6dct%int :v6dct%ena-%e %a+o*tthe ne$ partitions on dis. :v6dis.set*pGi c2t1d2 :v6d,G, -ootd, adddi.s root(irror?c2t1d2

:v6root(irroot(irror &oreach other vo%*(e :v6assistG, -ootd, (irror vo%na(e

'iskto recover :v6recoverGsn G, d,na(e ne$dis.na(e $owto 1nencapsulating root disk R*nthe &o%%o$in, co((and to prevent B6BM &ro( startin, *p a&terre-oot# touch etc vx reconfig.d state.d install(db )etachsecond (irror ?vxplex (o r" dis opt(%& rootvol(%& swapvol(%& usr(%& var(%& *nencaps*%atea root dis. that ? etc vx bin vxunroot Re-oots+ste( ?init< $owto re"ove the root "irror disk per"anentl! :v6*nroot Re-ootthe s+ste( 1it $i%% re(ove the entries o& B]BM &ro( 7etc7s+ste(s =>i%es+ste( &ro( 7etc7v&sta-5 Re(ovethe p%e6es o& the rootne$ :v6p%e6dis rootvo%322 1re(ove the p%e6es o& the rootne$5

$owto start the vxv" :v6iodset 12 :v6con&i,dG( disa-%e

:v6dctena-%e Beritas$i%% start

5ow)the slice infor"ation for disk newroot -c&t&d%/ is# :prtvtoc 3s 7dev7rds.7c2t2d2s2

'eletethe rootalt volu"e fro" the new root disk. :cd 7 :*(o*nt 7(nt :v6vo% stop roota%t :v6p%e6 dis rootvo%322 1)isassociatethe p%e6 &ro( the vo%*(e and re(ove the vo%*(e.5 :v6edit r( roota%t :v6sd dis ne$root321 1)isassociatethe s*-3dis. &ro( the p%e6 and re(ove the p%e6.5 :v6edit r( rootvo%322

Mirrora%% the other vo%*(es &ro( the c*rrent root dis. to the ne$ rootdis..)o not (irror s$ap vo%*(es. S$ap s%ices $i%% -e created on thene$ dis. (an*a%%+. In this e6a(p%e' the vo%*(es to (irror are var andopt. :v6assist 3, rootd, (irror var ne$root :v6assist 3, rootd, (irror opt ne$root

#ofind out the nu"ber of the disk available on veritas :v6dis.3o a%%d,s %ist L (ore

$owill !ou create a subdisk and plexus v6(a.esd dis.22322 dis.22'2'8222 this $o*%d create a s*-dis. ca%%eddis.22322 at the start o& dis.22 and $o*%d -e 8222-%oc.s 14222.5%on,. v6(a.e p%e6 prasad%+322 sd?dis.23321 creates a p%e6ca%%ed prasad%+322 *sin, s*-dis. dis.23321

$ow!ou will identif! that how "a! '8 creation a particular IRI2 versionsupport rooton :1IL' kirkc"is> ? vxdctlsupport S*pportin&or(ation# v6con&i,dDvrsn# 21 dgP"ini"u"* 1% dgP"axi"u"* 1&% .erne%# 14 protoco%D(ini(*(#42 protoco%D(a6i(*(#92 protoco%Dc*rrent#2

$owwill !ou recover the destro!ed '8 -devdg/ rooton :1IL' kirkc"is> ? vxdisk list I+A#$P0A5I;%P<& )evice# BP T"DS NB02D92 deviceta,#BP T"DS NB02D92

t+pe# a*to hostid# .ir.c(is3 dis.# na(e?devd,84 id?113424241M.184..ir.c(is3 group* na"eAdevdg idA11GCBH>B<G.1B=.kirkc"is> in&o# &or(at?cdsdis.'privo&&set?249'p*-s%ice?2'privs%ice?2 &%a,s# on%ine read+ private a*tocon&i, a*toi(port i(ported p*-paths# -%oc.?7dev7v67d(p7BP T"DS NB02D92s2char?7dev7v67rd(p7BP T"DS NB02D92s2 version# 3.1 iosi/e# (in?412 1-+tes5 (a6?2248 1-%oc.s5 p*-%ic# s%ice?2 o&&set?2324 %en?84M48192 dis.Do&&set?2 private# s%ice?2 o&&set?249 %en?2248 dis.Do&&set?2 *pdate# ti(e?11M32942M1 seEno?2.41 ss-# act*a%DseEno?2.2 headers# 2 242 con&i,s# co*nt?1 %en?1282 %o,s# co*nt?1 %en?1M2 )e&inedre,ions# con&i, priv 222248322223M[2221M2\# cop+?21 o&&set?222222 disa-%ed con&i, priv 2222493221343[221288\# cop+?21 o&&set?2221M2 disa-%ed %o, priv 2213443221434[2221M2\# cop+?21 o&&set?222222 disa-%ed %oc.r,n priv 22143932219IM[222144\# part?22 o&&set?222222 M*%tipathin,in&or(ation# n*(paths# 1

vpath128c state?ena-%ed

rooton :1IL' kirkc"is> ? cd etc vx cbr bk -thedefault repositor! for '8 infor"ation/ rooton :1IL' kirkc"is> ? ls (ltr tota%22 dr$6r36333 2 root root 412 >e- 2 2229testd,.11388M4812.3M9..ir.c(is3 dr$6r36333 2 root root 1224 >e- 3 2229drDsd(p3d,.1138I143I9.3M2..ir.c(is3 dr$6r36333 2 root root 1439 Sep 8 2229test1.114II24442.188..ir.c(is3 dr$6r36333 2 root root 1439 Oct 22 14#4Min&od,.11341314M2.2I4..ir.c(is3 dr$6r36333 2 root root 1439 Oct 22 14#4Meverestd,.11342M2I1M.2I8..ir.c(is3 drwxr(x((( & root root 1G>< 'ec > 1G*GBdevdg.11GCBH>B<G.1B=.kirkc"is>

:7*sr7%i-7v6v(7-in7v6con&i,restore 3% etc vx cbr bk devd,

)is.,ro*pdevd, con&i,*ration restoration started ......

Insta%%in,vo%*(e (ana,er dis. header &or c1t1d2s2 ... Insta%%in,vo%*(e (ana,er dis. header &or c1t2d2s2 ... Insta%%in,vo%*(e (ana,er dis. header &or c1t3d2s2 ... Insta%%in,vo%*(e (ana,er dis. header &or c1t4d2s2 ... Insta%%in,vo%*(e (ana,er dis. header &or c1t4d2s2 ... Insta%%in,vo%*(e (ana,er dis. header &or c1t9d2s2 ... 3

devd,Asdis.,ro*p con&i,*ration is restored 1in a preco((itted state5. )is.,ro*pcan -e accessed in read on%+ and can -e e6a(ined *sin, v6print11(5in this state.

R*n# v6con&i,restore 3%7etc7v67c-r7-.7 3c devd, ??F to co((it the restoration. v6con&i,restore 3%7etc7v67c-r7-.7 3d devd, ??F to a-ort the restoration.

:7*sr7%i-7v6v(7-in7v6con&i,restore G% 7etc7v67c-r7-. Gc devdg 0o((ittin,con&i,*ration restoration &or dis.,ro*p devd, ....

devd,Asdis.,ro*p con&i,*ration restoration is co((itted. Once the con&i,*ration is restored' the vo%*(es can -estarted' and the &i%e s+ste(s that reside on those vo%*(es can -e(o*nted.

$ow !ou will check the ,ree0pace in the '8?

root on :1IL' kirkc"is> ?vxassist (g devdg "axsi4e Ma6i(*( vo%*(e si/e#29924 113M-5

"o$ $i%% +o* chec. theMaster node in B0S

rooton BJIL) .ir.c(is3 : v6dct% 3c (ode (ode#ena-%ed# c%*steredDstate 1Clusterinactive, Cluster active - role not set, cluster active MASTER,cluster active SLAVE5

"o$$i%% +o* create the shared )is. ,ro*p.

rooton :1IL' kirkc"is>?vxdg (s init sharedg share%1Ac>t%d=s&

I a(Jna-%e to create the share )K

<haterror (essa,es the co((and is disp%a+in,Z #)is. ,ro*pshared,# cannot create# )is. ,ro*p version doesnAt s*pport &eat*reRsee the v6d, *p,rade co((and

;heckthe +F9#9;9LIEF0I95 ?vxdctl protocolversion 0%*sterr*nnin, at protoco% 42 To*p,rade the protoco% version to the %atest avai%a-%e version r*nv6dct%*p,rade onthe "aster node# $owto export and i"port Be&orethe e6port or i(port' need to *n(o*nt the vo%*(e and stop the vo%*(e :v6vo%G, d,na(e stopa%% E6porta dis. ,ro*p# v6d, deport v6d, 3h deport to e6port to another host I(port a dis.,ro*p# v6d, i(port

v6d, 30 to c%ear hostid o&o%d host 1<hen &ai%in, over in )R sit*ation5 v6d, 3&0 to c%earhostid o& o%d host and &orcin, dis.,ro*p on%ine

Whatare the steps to be follow to add a disk in veritas D before addthe disk what are the steps to be follow Be&oreaddin, the dis.' ta.ean o*tp*t &ro( the &or(at co((and. ta.ean o*tp*t o& v6dis. %ist a&terthe dis. is added' do the &o%%o$in,# :dev&sad( :&or(at33F %a-e% the dis. :v6dct%ena-%e :v6dis.ad( choose the option 1 and then it $i%% as. +o* the dis.,ro*p once ithas -een added it $i%% as. &or the encaps*%ation' sa+ no then it $i%%as. the device na(e' assi,n the na(e' thatAs it' :v6dis.%ist' this $i%% te%% the stat*s o& the ne$%+ added dis. as on%ine $owill !ou re"ove the subdisk and plexus todissociate a s*-dis. tr+ v6sddis dis.::3::

re(ovea s*-dis. -+ v6editr( dis.::3::

$owwill !ou grow a disk space whitout disturbs

:v6resi/e

$owto find the IEFI#A0 License? &terinsta%%in, BERIT S' one sho*%d con&ir( $ith BERIT S %icense .e+s :v6%icenseGp or :v6%icrep 3,

$owto install veritas license :7opt7BRTSv%ic7-in7v6%icinst :v6%icense1or5 v6%icinst

$owto create a new volu"e )etectne$ dis.s :dev&sad( :v6dis.ad( 3 se%ect option 1 to add ne$ dis.s 1Initia%i/e ne$ dis.s and add itto dis. ,ro*p appd, 5 :v6assist G, appd, (a.e snetprd21 44, 1create vo%*(e in appd, assnetprd215 :(.&sG> v6&s Go %ar,e&i%es 7dev7v67rds.7appd,7snetprd21 1creatin, &i%es+ste( &or the vo%*(es snetprd215 : cd7 1creatin, directories &or snetprd21 5 :(.dirsnetprd21 :cho$norac%e 7snetprd21 1chan,e the o$nership to orac%e &or snetprd21directories 5 :vi7etc7v&sta:(o*nt7snetprd21 :d&G. :(o*ntGp :v6dis.%ist

::v6printG, appd, $owto re"ove the volu"e Restorethe previo*s 7etc7v&sta:cp7etc7v&sta-.2I22 7etc7v&sta:*(o*nt 7snetprd21 1Jn(o*ntin, the &i%es5 :r(dir7snetprd21 1Re(ove the (o*nt points5 :v6vo%G, appd, stop snetprd21 1Stoppin, the vo%*(es snetprd21 &ro( appd,5 :v6editG, appd, Gv r( snetprd21 1re(ovin, vo%*(es &ro( dis. ,ro*p5 : d&G. :v6print 3, appd,

Explainshrinking the disk Shrin.in,the dis. is nothin, -*t red*cin, the a%%ocated vo%*(e si/e

Whatis shrinking and how to shrink a volu"e? :v6assist shrin.to vo%Dna(e1222 $i%% shrin. a vo%*(e -+ 1222 sectors' (a.e s*re +o* donAtshrin. a vo%*(e -e%o$ the c*rrent si/e o& the &i%es+ste(

+athfro "ultipathing. 7.erne%7drv7scsiDvhci.con&

+rocedure for0napshot Iolu"e

1. Sho*%d .no$ the vo%*(ena(e 2. Kive ne$ te(porar+snapshot vo%*(e na(e 3. >ind the dis. avai%a-%espace to cop+ the snapshot vo%*(e.

;o""and to execute Ta.e a cop+ o& :v6print 3 ht L (ore :v6print %ist

#o displa!infor"ation about ':1) ':& and ':> :v6print Gt )B1 :v6print Gt )B2 :v6print Gt )B3

;reate a snapshotvolu"e*( 1E6ec*te the -e%o$ co((and tota.e snapshot5 : v6assist G, 3- snapstart )B1 snapd-1 : v6assist G, 3- snapstart )B1 snapd-2 : v6assist G, 3- snapstart )B1 snapd-3

Ierif! snapshot isco"pleted# 1 it $i%% sho$ 2 n*(-er o&p%e6 &or the vo%*(e5 : v6print G, snapd-1 : v6print G, snapd-2 : v6print G, snapd-3

'etach the te"porar!snapshot and associated to new volu"e na"e : v6assist G, snapshot snapd-1322 snap3d-1 : v6assist G, snapshot snapd-2322 snap3d-2 : v6assist G, snapshot snapd-3322 snap3d-3

;heck the files!ste" using fsck co""and :&sc. G+7dev7v67rds.7 snap3d-1 :&sc. G+7dev7v67rds.7 snap3d-2 :&sc. G+7dev7v67rds.7 snap3d-3

2ake a te"porar!director! and "ount the file s!ste" :(.dir 7prasad%+ : (o*nt 7dev7v67rds.7 snap3d-1 7prasad%+

Editthe etc dfs dfstab file and Sust added this entr!* :vi 7etc7d&s7d&stashareG> n&s Go r$? 7snap3d-3 shareG> n&s Go r$? 7snap3d-3 shareG> n&s Go r$? 7snap3d-3

2ount the files!ste" to client or !ou can put the entre in etc vfstab on clientside.

0reate a (o*nt point :(.dir prasad%+3d-1 :(.dir prasad%+3d-2 :(.dir prasad%+3d-3 :(o*nt3t n&s serverna(e#7snap3d-1 7prasad%+3d-1 :(o*nt3t n&s serverna(e#7snap3d-2 7prasad%+3d-2 :(o*nt3t n&s serverna(e#7snap3d-3 7prasad%+3d-3

Mo*nt a%% the &i%es s+ste( :(o*nt 7 prasad%+3d-1 :(o*nt 7 prasad%+3d-2 :(o*nt 7 prasad%+3d-3 3333333333333333End33333333333333333 If !ou want to takebackup the snapshot files follow the below processor

:ackup the files :tar cv& 7dev7r(t72 7prasad%+ or :*&sd*(p 2*& 7dev7r(t727dev7v67rds.7 snap3d-1

ora1data ;102AF+&file s!ste" not able to "ounted on veritas

So%*tion#3

veritasvolu"e "ade stale D cleaned I221 v6vea I224 v6recover 3s 3, c*s(arp2Dd, vo%Dora1data I224 v6recover 3v 3, c*s(arp2Dd, vo%Dora1data I229 v6print 3 th L (ore I22M datapath E*er+ device L (ore I212 v6print 3 th L (ore I211 (o*nt 3> v6&s 7dev7v67ds.7c*s(arp2Dd,7vo%Dora1data7ora1data70JSM RP2 I212 v6dis.ad( I214 v6dis. %ist I219 v6print 3 th L (ore I221 .7v6se = I22I v6dis.ad( I24M (o*nt 3> v6&s 7dev7v67ds.7c*s(arp2Dd,7vo%Dora1data7ora1data70JSM RP2 I242 v6print 3 th I241 v6(end 3, c*s(arp2Dd, &i6 sta%e vo%Dora1data321 I242 v6print 3 th I243 v6(end 3, c*s(arp2Dd, &i6 c%ean vo%Dora1data321 I244 v6print 3 th I244 v6vo% 3, c*s(arp2Dd, start vo%Dora1data I249 v6print 3 th I24I (o*nt 3> v6&s 7dev7v67ds.7c*s(arp2Dd,7vo%Dora1data7ora1data70JSM RP2 I248 &sc. 3> v6&s 7dev7v67rds.7c*s(arp2Dd,7vo%Dora1data

I24M (o*nt 3> v6&s 7dev7v67ds.7c*s(arp2Dd,7vo%Dora1data7ora1data70JSM RP2

$owto recovering an unstartable "irrored volu"e :v6(endG, d,na(e &i6 c%ean p%e6na(e :v6(end G, d,na(e &i6 sta%e p%e6na(e :v6vo% G, d,na(e start vo%*(ena(e

$owto recovering an unstartable volu"e with a disable in the recoverstate :v6(endG, d,na(e Go &orce o&& p%e6na(e :v6(end G, d,na(e on p%e6na(e :v6p%e6 G, d,na(e att p%e6na(e vo%*(ena(e :v6(end G, d,na(e &i6 c%ean p%e6na(e :v6vo% G, d,na(e Go ,-, start vo%*(ena(e

$owto forcibl! restarting the disable volu"e :v6vo%G, d,na(e Go -, G& start vo%*(e

$owwill !ou check reattach"ent is possible with out perfor"ing. :v6reattachGc

#ofind the file s!ste" version ?"odinfoL gre vx

$owto bring the existing data disk into IEFI#A0 volu"e "anger control. Thro*,hEncaps*%ations (ethod

$owto change the "irror status fro" %*1 to %*G and how? :v6assistG, d,na(e Gv vo%*(e na(e re%a+o*t %a+o*t?strip

Werethe veritas disk infor"ation store. :7.erne%7drv7sd.c&

$owto find the plex) sub disk) Iolu"e group) disk status) free spaces)disk controller) Iolu"e controller? 'ispla!sinfo about plexes :v6print3%p :v6print 3% p%e6Dna(e 'ispla!sinfo about subdisks :v6print 3st :v6print 3% dis.::3:: showdisk iops over 1% seconds... :ssaad(disp%a+ 3p c: #racesall i o on a volu"e.. :v6tracevo% #oreport disk stats :v6stat3d 'ispla!sthe free space on the disks :v6d,&ree 'ispla!the disk crontroller :v6print%ist

:v6print3 ht

#ells!ou how "uch !ou can grow a volu"e b! :v6assist(a6,ro$ vo%

InIEFI#A0 $ow to recover the "irror disk with data.

$owto increase the si4e of the file s!ste"? : d&G. 1 denti&+ the BERIT S ,ro*p and vo%*(e na(e o& 7(+hr on E]J42I5 :v6assist G, appd, (a6si/e 1chec. &or the &ree space avai%a-%e inthe ,ro*p appd, on E]J42I 5 :v6print Gth G, appd, 10hec. i& 7(+hr is (irrored5 :(o*nt Gp 1chec. the &i%e s+ste( o& 7(+hr 5 : cpGp 7etc7v&sta-7etc7v&sta-.2I2223 11ta.e -ac.*p o& 7etc7v&sta- &i%e5 +o*can increase the si/e o& teh &i%e s+ste( -+ *sin, so%aris vo%*(e(ana,er :v6resi/e G> v6&s G, rootd, (+apps U4, 1increase the si/e o&7(+apps -+ 4,-5

$owto increase the si4e of the file s!ste"? :v6resi/e G> v6&s G, rootd, (+apps U4, 1decrease the si/e o&7(+apps -+ 4,-5 :d&3. ?vxresi4eKb K , vxfs ora%>vol TC%gb Whatis encapsulation? Thisis *sed to -rin, the dis. *nder vo%*(e (ana,er ' $hich are a%read+present in the s+ste( $ith data -*t $itho*t vo%*(e (ana,er .)ata on these dis.s are not dist*r-ed and i& these dis.s (eetscertain vo%*(e (ana,er reE*ire(ents these are added *nder vo%*(e(ana,er

Whatis the difference between the IEFI#A0 >.% and IEFI#A0 =.%? InBERIT S 3.2 ' the root d, is present -+ de&a*%t InBERIT S 4.2' the root d, has to -e created (an*a%%+ InBertias 4.2 cdsdis. has introd*ced $hich (eans' in an+ os it can -ee6ported

$owto "irror a root dg? With eg ?vxroot"ir

$owto rena"e the old root disk. In this exa"ple) rootdisk is beingrena"ed as rootold. :v6edit 3, rootd, rena(e rootdis. rooto%d

$owto Encapsulate the new root disk -c&t&d%/. :7etc7v67-in7v6encap rootdis.?c2t2d2

$owto "irror and un"irror a disk? :v6assist(irror prasad%+ dis.24 dis.29 *ses dis.s4 and 9 ro (a.e a (irroron vo%*(e ca%%ed prasad%+ :v6assist (a.e prasad%+ 42(%a+o*t?(irror (a.es a 42M- (irror *sin, an+ 2 dis.s $owto re"ove a disk group? :v6d,destro+

$owto displa! the volu"e configuration infor"ation?

:v6print3% rootd,

Whatis the co""and to identif! "aster node on vcs :v6dct%3c (ode (ode#ena-%ed# c%*ster active 3 M STER

Whatis the nature of I;0? ctiveG ctive Load Ba%ancin, and hi,h avai%a-i%it+ ctiveG passive No %oad Ba%ancin,

Whatis the ph!sical device to check the & nodes connect in cluster
Ph+sica%&i-er ca-%e $hich is connect to the 2 nodes is ca%%ed a $9#:EA#

Whatis a resource? Reso*rceare h7$ or s7$ $hich $or. to,ether to provide service to c%ient in ac%ient7server environ(ent Itis (onitored and contro%%ed -+ vcs.

Whatis a service group? Itis a set o& ite(s 1reso*rce5 $or.in, to,ether to provided service1app%ication' &i%es and printer5 to c%ient. >ai%*re o& one critica%ite( in the service ,ro*p $i%% ca*se the entire ,ro*p to &ai% over toanother s+ste(.

Whatis $A? Itis a dae(on o& a c%*ster $hich is in the &or( o& ctive Passive'i.e. No %oad -a%ancin, " 33F"i,h%+ vai%a-%e (eans' t$o or (ore s+ste(s are connected $ith thesa(e con&i,*ration' i& one &ai%s the other $i%% ta.e care thereso*rces

$owfar I;0 supports? B0Ss*pports (ore than 32 nodes.

<hatare the protoco%s in B0S BRTSLLT 1%o$ %atenc+5 = BRTSK B 1K%o-a% a*to(5

$owto clear the failing flag? :v6editset &ai%in,?o&& (+d,22 :v6dis.%ist

$owto create a snapshot "irror snapstart starts creatin, a on%inesnapshot (irror o& the vo%*(e *sin, the avai%a-%e dis. space . Thesnapshot is co(p%eted $ith v6assist snapshot co((and $hen o&&%inesnapshot vo%*(e is created $ith a *serde&ined na(e. Command Syntax: v6assistsnapstart vo%*(eDna(e To create a snapshot mirrorof a volume called vol8, type

:v6assist snapstart vo%8

$ow to bring the 'isk intodiskgroup on veritas. ,orce a lip event on the hba@sso the! will re(login in 0torage %*6ad(Ge &orce%ip 7dev7c&,7c4 %*6ad(Ge &orce%ip 7dev7c&,7cI

Enable the disk devices. v6dct%ena-%e v6dis.Go a%%d,s %ist

initiali4e newdisk v6dis.set*pGi Add disk to disk group v6d,G, orad, adddis. orad,24? v6d,G, orad, adddis. orad,29?

Ierif! free disk space v6assist G, orad,(a6si/e $ow to create a snapshot volu"e Command Syntax v6assist snapshot vo%*(eDna(ene$Dvo%*(eDna(e To create a snapshot vo%*(e o&vo%8' t+pe# :v6assist snapshot vo%8 snapvo%8

Wo* can no$ -ac. *p the snapshotvo%*(e -+ $hatever (eans +o* pre&er. To avoid $astin, space' +o* canthen re(ove the snapshot vo%*(e' $hich occ*pies as (*ch space as theori,ina% vo%*(e

Whatare the t!pes of cluster configuration? 1. "ori/onta% con&i,*ration 1. Bertica% con&i,*ration

;o""andto find the I;0 status :hastat*sGs*(

Whatare the "ini"u" hardware reJuire"ents for cluster configuration? Stora,e-o6es 1 Node0%*ster 2 Mini(*(2 nodes' 2 etherned address' shared dis. and " app%ications 1e65orac%e

Whatis the purpose of ha dae"ons in I;0 servers? "adae(ons are *sed to start7stop services in B0S servers

$owto check the co""unication between & nodes? "eart-eat chec.s the co((*nication -et$een 2 nodes. Whatis a heart(beat? Itis a script that chec.s the co((*nication -et$een nodes. "eart3-eatis a co((*nication $hich can -e set at the ti(e o& creatin, a s+ste(in a c%*ster' $hich can send and receive si,na% thro*,h that desi,nedport.

tochec. the heart-eat *se the co((and ,a-con&i, 3a

Whatare the two t!pes of service groups? 1. Para%%e% Service ,ro*p 1. >ai% over service ,ro*p.

$owto unconfigure llt and gab :%%tcon&i,GJ :,a-con&i,3J :hastop

$owto start llt and gab :%%tcon&i,Gc :,a-con&i,Gc 36 :hastart

$owto start one node cluster. O.-oot G6

$owto stop one node cluster exclusivel! :hastop G%oca% G&orce 1 This $i%% rin, do$n the vcs on%+ notapp%ication it $i%% on a%ive5

Werethe vcs logs will be

:7var7BRTSvcs7%o,7en,ineD .%o,

Whatare configuration files and to configure it in I;0 0on&i,*ration&i%es# Notes #3 Be&ore con&i,*rin, B0S (a.e s*re the%oca%D(acDaddress ?tr*e. :eepro(%oca%D(acDaddressZ?tr*e 1 on -oth the nodes5 :7etc7%%thosts 1speci&+ the node na(es5 1e,52 s*n 1 1s*n 2

:7etc7%%tta-1speci&+ the node na(es5 Set3node2 Lin.E&e2 7dev7E&e#2 D ether D D Lin.E&e1 7dev7E&e#1 D ether D D setDc%*ster 12 Start

:7etc7,a-ta- 1speci&+ the node na(es5 7s-in7con&i,Gc Gn 2

Pathto -e set ?7etc7pro&i%e :P T"?XP T"#7opt7BRTS7-in#7s-in#7opt7BRTS%%t :e6portP T" :7etc7BRTSvcs7con&7con&i,7(ain.c& :7etc7BRTSvcs7con&7con&i,7s+sna(e

$owto bring the resource to online and offline :7opt7BRTSvcs7-in7ha,rp 3on%ine 1serviceD,ro*p5 3s+s 1s+ste(Dna(e5 :7opt7BRTSvcs7-in7ha,rp 3o&&%ine 1serviceD,ro*p5 3s+s 1s+ste(Dna(e5

$owto 0witch service group between nodes :7opt7BRTSvcs7-in7ha,rp 3s$itch 1serviceD,ro*p5 3to 1s+ste(Dna(e5

$owto ,ree4e svcgroup) -disable onl. D offl./ :7opt7BRTSvcs7-in7ha,rp 3&ree/e 1serviceD,ro*p5 [3persistent\

$owto unfree4e the svcgroup) -enable onl. D offl./ :7opt7BRTSvcs7-in7ha,rp 3*n&ree/e 1serviceD,ro*p5 [3persistent\

Whatis the co""and to check the connectivit! between & nodes Ketthe (ac address &ro( -oth the nodes :,et(ac7dev7E&e#2 Sv&ro( server side 0v&ro( c%ient side

:.7d%pipin,Gsv 7dev7E&e#2 (acaddresss :.7d%pipin,Gcv 7dev7E&e#2 (acaddresss

$owto stop the I;0

:hastopG%oca% :hastopG%oca% Gevac*%ate 122V sh*tdo$n the s+ste( :hastopG%oca G&orce $itho*tsh*ttin, do$n the app%ication'on%+ vcs can -e do$n 1hadae(on5

Whatare the service group dependence? 4t+pes On%ine%oca% On%inere(ote On%ine,%o-a% O&&%ine,%o-a%

$owto delete a service group 1.Brin, a%% the reso*rce o&&%ine 2.)isa-%e reso*rce 3.)e%ete reso*rce E, # :hares Gde%ete (+s*n

$owto add a group :hacon&G(a.er$ :ha,rpGadd ,ro*pna(e :ha,rpG(odi&+ ,ro*pna(e s+ste(List Gadd node1 node2 :hacon&Gd*(p 3(a.ero

Ifa "ain.cf files corrupted how will !ou rectif! :hastopGa%% 0reatea con&i, &i%e :dtpad7etc7BRTSvcs7-in7s+sna(e :(.dir7etc7BRTSvcs7-in7s+sna(e7con&i, :cpt+pes.c& con&i, :cdcon&i, :dtpad(ain.c& :vi(ain.c& Inc%*deNt+pes.c&N 0%*ster(+c%*ster S+ste(node1 S+ste(node2 Sn(p(+c%*ster :hac&Gveri&+ . :hac&Gc&toc(d . :hastart :hastat*sGs*(

$owto backup the I;0 configuration ,iles &tercon&i,*ration o& the c%*ster B0S creates the &o%%o$in, &i%es on eachnode participatin, in the c%*ster con&i,*ration 7etc7%%thosts 7etc7%%tta-

7etc7,a-ta7etc7BRTSvcs7con&7con&i,7(ain.c& 7etc7BRTSvcs7con&7con&i,7t+pes.c& Tota.e the -ac. *p o& the c%*ster con&i,*ration &i%es o& a%% the nodedo the &o%%o$in, proced*re

Ko to the director+ 7opt7BRTS7-in Stop the c%*ster at a%% nodes

: hastop 3a%%

>ire the Bac.*p 0o((and

: hasnap 3-ac.*p $antto d*(p B0S con&i,*ration -e&ore proceedin,Z #+ Na(e #snap.-a. 1na(e o& the&i%e in $hich Bac.*p has to -e ta.en *p 5 . 1dot51 as ter(inator5 do+o* $ant each &i%e to -ac.*p to -e con&ir(ed 1+7n5# n1 choose the option5 Bac.*p$i%% -e created in the director+7var7BRTSvcs7hasnap7data7repositor+7vcs

No$Start the 0%*ster on this ter(ina% &irst -+ *sin, the &o%%o$in,co((and and *se sa(e co((ands on each node :hastart 3&orce

$owto restoring the ;luster configuration

Stopthe c%*ster at a%% nodes : hastop 3a%% start the process o&restorin,

:hasnap 3restore speci&+ the option [1^4\ # 11 this is the Sr. N*(-er o& the c%*ster con&i,*ration Bac.*p &i%e5

No$ Start the 0%*ster on this ter(ina% &irst -+ *sin, the &o%%o$in, co((and and *se sa(e co((ands on each node

:hastart 3&orce

#>0torage 15Bo%add vo%na(e data *ndn raid n stand-+ *ndn 25Bo%stat 35Bo% init vo%na(e data 45Bo%(o*nt vo% na(e 45Bo%%ist 95M.dir7dev7es I5L*6ad(insert 85i&a-ove so%aris I e6c%*de the steps 9 = I M5&or(at and partition .

$ow"an! controllers in >G1% storage. 4channe%s 2contro%%ers

Whatis WW5 on storage <or%d$ide n*(-er PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPcontinuesPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

Tovie$ the LJNs on a 0olarishost' +o* need to *se cfgad";s >ore6a(p%e i& +o* re(ove SB3 -oard on 9822 server &or rep%acein, &a*%t+(e(or+ or &a*%t+ 0PJ c&,ad(3c *ncon&i,*re N2.SB3 333333>or*ncon&i,*re the entire1on%+ SB35 0PJ -oard rootS.-%3d-322: c&,ad( 3c disconnect N2.SB3 3333)isconectin, &ro( ph+sica% path rootS.-%3d-322: c&,ad( 3a% L(ore 33&orcon&ir(in, re(oved or not 7N27SB37P27B17d2 c&,ad(3c con&i,*re N2.SB3 333 &terrep%acin, to con&i,*re the sa(e -oard SS )M#3ssaad( co((and is no$ %in. to the %*6ad( co((and

LJ] )M#3 TheL*6ad( pro,ra( is an ad(inistrative co((and that (ana,es -oth the s*nstora,e 4222 and SP R0 stora,e arra+ dis. arra+s' L*nad( per&or(a avariet+ o& contro% and E*er+ tas.' dependin, on the co((and3%inear,*(ents and options *sed.

?vxdctl (c "ode (ode#ena-%ed# c%*ster active 3 M STER (aster#-its ?vxdctl upgrade NOTE# %% nodes need to -e Toined in the 0%*ster Bo%*(e Mana,er c%*ster-e&ore r*nnin, the a-ove co((and. #oconfir" that the protocol version has been updated) the following canbe run* ?vxdctl protocolversion 0%*sterr*nnin, at protoco% 42

$owwill !ou check the status of LL# :%%tstatGnvv

$owwill !ou check the status of 8A: :,a-ta-Ga

$owto run dignostic for s!ste" board and processor board 9kshow(post(result

"o$to dettach the vo%*( &ro( veritas :v6assist3>

'ifferancebetween >.% D =.% verision -e&ore3 roodis. sho*%d -e na(ed as rootd, itse%& ..a&ter 4.2 +o* can na(eit as an+ thin, * $ant

Whatis 2ultipathing M*%tipathin, is the *se o&red*ndant stora,e net$or. co(ponents responsi-%e &or trans&er o& data-et$een the server and stora,e. ...M*%tipathin, a%%o$s &or t$o or(ore data paths to -e si(*%taneo*s%+ *sed &or read7$rite operations'enhancin, per&or(ance -+ a*to(atica%%+ and eE*a%%+ dispersin, dataaccess across a%% the avai%a-%e paths.

0plitbrain#I& the private net$or. &ai%s there $i%% not -e connectivit+ -et$eenthe nodes' _o*r( device $i%% ta.e p%ace in thissenario' _*ar( devie have the in&or(ation o& -oth the nodes. It $i%% distro+ one o&the node in&or(ation and (a.e other node to -e o$ner o& the service ,ro*p. -or/ 0plitbrain#Ena-%es on%+ the partition1s*-c%*ster5 $ith a (aTorit+ o& votes to r*n as the c%*ster 1on%+ onepartition can e6ist $ith s*ch a (aTorit+5. &ter a node %oses therace &or E*or*(' that node panics.

#osolve this probel ?vi llttab 5ode

0eedingMItis *se to protect the c%*ster in pre3e6istin, net$or.' One seedin,s+ste( can r*n vcs *to(aticseedin, :,a-con&i, Gc Gn ` no o& nodesF Man*a%seedin, :,a-con&i, Gc G6

A"nesia*K*aranteesthat $hen a c%*ster is -ooted' it has at %east one node that $as a(e(-er o& the (ost recent c%*ster (e(-ership 1and th*s has the %atestcon&i,*ration data5.

Ueopard!'efined Thedesi,n o& B0S reE*ires that a (ini(*( o& t$o heart-eat3capa-%echanne%s -e avai%a-%e -et$een nodes to protect a,ainst net$or.&ai%*re. <hen a node is (issin, a sin,%e heart-eat connection' B0Scan no %on,er discri(inate -et$een a s+ste( %oss and a %oss o& the%ast net$or. connection. It (*st then hand%e %oss o& co((*nicationson a sin,%e net$or. di&&erent%+ &ro( %oss on (*%tip%e net$or.s. Thisproced*re is ca%%ed HTeopard+.H s (entionedprevio*s%+' %o$ %atenc+ transport 1LLT5 provides noti&ication o&re%ia-%e vers*s *nre%ia-%e net$or. co((*nications to ,%o-a% ato(ic-roadcast 1K B5. K B *ses this in&or(ation' $ith or $itho*t a&*nctiona% dis. heart-eat' to de%e,ate c%*ster (e(-ership. I& thes+ste( heart-eats are %ost si(*%taneo*s%+ across a%% channe%s' B0Sdeter(ines the s+ste( has &ai%ed. The services r*nnin, on that s+ste(are then restarted on another. "o$ever' i& the node $as r*nnin, $ithone heart-eat on%+ 1in Teopard+5 prior to the %oss o& a heart-eat'B0S does notrestartthe app%ications on a ne$ node. This action o& disa-%in, &ai%over isa sa&et+ (echanis( that prevents data corr*ption. I 9,encing 0;0I III Feservations3 I7O >encin, 1B6>EN5 is sched*%ed to -e inc%*ded in the B0S 4.2version. B0S can have para%%e% or &ai%over service ,ro*ps $ithdis. ,ro*p reso*rces in the(. I& the c%*ster has a sp%it3-rain' B6>EN sho*%d &orce one o& the s*-c%*sters to co((it s*icide inorder to prevent data corr*ption. The s*-c%*ster $hich co((itss*icide sho*%d never ,ain access to the dis. ,ro*ps $itho*t Toinin,the c%*ster a,ain. In para%%e% service ,ro*ps' it is necessar+ toprevent an+ active processes &ro( $ritin, to the dis.s. In &ai%over,ro*ps' ho$ever' access to the dis. on%+ needs to -e prevented $henB0S &ai%s over the service ,ro*p to another node. So(e(*%tipathin, prod*cts $i%% -e s*pported $ith I7O >encin,.

#hecluster resource group and resources showing 6EFF9FP0#9+P,AILE'7)then follow the below "entioned steps. 1. 33 Reso*rce Kro*ps 33 Kro*p Na(e 3333333333 Kro*p#pspd3r, Kro*p#pspd3r, Node Na(e 333333333 33333 Error((stopfailed O&&%ine State

ph+s3pspd1 ph+s3pspd2

????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?? ,orclearing the 0#9+P,AILE' flag (((( (c is for clear flag) (h fornodena"e) (S for resource na"e) (f for error flag.

rootVph!s(pspd1? scswitch (c (h ph!s(pspd1 (S pspd(oralisten(res (f 0#9+P,AILE' -if"ore then one resource showing error use this co""and ever! resourceand then go to next step/

,or:ring down the resource group ((((( -If bring down the resource group0#9+P,AILE' error will clear and it goes to 9ffline state/ rootVph!s(pspd1? scswitch (, (g pspd(rg ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?? &. rootVph!s(pspd1 ? scstat (g 33Reso*rce Kro*ps and Reso*rces 33 33Reso*rce Kro*ps 33 Kro*p Na(e Node Na(e State

3333333333 Kro*p#pspd3r, Kro*p#pspd3r,

333333333

33333 O&&%ine O&&%ine 9ffline 9ffline

ph+s3pspd1 ph+s3pspd2

Fesource*pspd(oralisten(res ph!s(pspd1 rootSph+s3pspd1:

????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?? #obring up the resource group(( rootVph!s(pspd1? scswitch (W (g pspd(rg ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?? rootVph!s(pspd1? scstat (g 33Reso*rce Kro*ps and Reso*rces 33 Reso*rces#pspd3r, pspd pspd3hastora,ep%*s3res pspd3orasrv3res pspd3ora%isten3res 9nline 9nline

Fesource*pspd(oralisten(res ph!s(pspd1 Reso*rce#pspd3ora%isten3res ph+s3pspd2

O&&%ine O&&%ine

015;L10#EF offline cluster resources on s"slu1>1 veri&+reso*rces are on%ine on t,*i13svc :scstat

Ta.ea%% reso*rces o&&%ine :scswitchK, Kg s"sweb(rg

veri&+reso*rces are o&&%ine on -oth t,*i1 = t,*i2 :scstat

veri&+reso*rces are o&&%ine on t,*i13svc = t,*i23svc :scstat

s$itchreso*rces on%ine on s(s%*131 ?scswitchKW Kg s"sweb(rg

veri&+reso*rces are on%ine on t,*i13svc :scstat

veri&+reso*rces are on%ine on t,*i13svc :scstat

0o(*nicateto OPS to i,nore the a%erts on this servers 3 ph+s3hhdc1 =ph+s3hhdc2. ii5 S$itch -ac. the reso*rce ,ro*p Hhhda3r,H &ro( ph+s3hhdc1to ph+s3hhdc2 *sin, the co((and sho$n -e%o$# scs$itch3/ 3, hhda3r, 3h ph+s3hhdc2 iii5 0hec. i& the reso*ce ,ro*p is avai%a-%e on ph+s3hhdc2. iv5 0o(*nicate to OPS to start (onitorin, the a%erts on this servers 3ph+s3hhdc1 = ph+s3hhdc2

s$itchreso*rces &ro( s(s%*131 to s(s%*132 :scswitchK4 Kg s"sweb(rg Kh tgui&(svc

veri&+reso*rces are on%ine on t,*i23svc :scstat

s$itchreso*rces &ro( s(s%*131 to s(s%*132 : scswitchK4 Kg s"sweb(rg Kh tgui1(svc

veri&+reso*rces are on%ine on t,*i13svc :scstat

'iskFeplace"ent on ph!s("w1 and ph!s("w& 0!"pto"s*

'I' devices d1H' d>%) d>B are in @Needs MaintenanceN state. -ph!s("w& on 0E5A(:/ for"at co((and $as sho$in, @drive t+pe *n.no$nN &or these )I) devices.

#o begin the 9racleinstallation using the Ieritas ':E A;) a shared disk group and thenecessar! volu"es need to be created. #he following steps provide anexa"ple of how to create the disk group and volu"es* 1. >ro( the (aster node in the c%*ster' create the shared dis. ,ro*p on the shared dis. c2t3d1# : v6d, 3s init orasrvDd,c2t4d2 1. Set the connectivit+ po%ic+ &or the dis. ,ro*p as %oca%# : v6edit setdis.detpo%ic+?%oca% orasrvDd, 1. 0reate the vo%*(e in the shared dis. ,ro*p# : v6assist 3, orasrvDd,(a.e srv(Dvo% 222M 1. Set the activation (ode to read3$rite#

: v6d, 3, orasrvDd, setactivation?s$ 1. On the other node' enter# :v6d, 3, orasrvDd, set activation?s$ 1. In order to create the c%*ster &i%e s+ste(' on the other node' enter# : v6d, 3, orasrvDd, setactivation?s$ 1. To create the &i%e s+ste( on srv(Dvo%# : (.&s 3> v6&s7dev7v67rds.7orasrvDd,7srv(Dvo% 1. On -oth s+ste(s' create the (o*nt point &or the &i%e s+ste(# : (.dir 7orasrv 1. On -oth s+ste(s' (o*nt the &i%e s+ste(' *sin, the device &i%e &or the -%oc. device. Jse the option &%a, Go c%*ster. : (o*nt 3> v6&s 3oc%*ster 7dev7v67ds.7orasrvDd,7srv(Dvo% 7orasrv 1. To deter(ine $hich node is the (aster' *se the co((and# v6dct% 3c (ode In the o*tp*t' %oo. &or# c%*ster active 3 M STER or# c%*ster active 3 SL BE

Fesolution* 0tep(I Thedis.s $ere hot3s$appa-%e = $ere rep%aced on%ine. <eneed to re-oot the servers ph+s3($1 = ph+s3($2 &or the dis.s toco(e *nder OS70%*ster contro%.

"ereis the proced*re &or re-ootin, o& ph+s3($1 and ph+s3($2# 1. Lo,in to conso%e o& ph+s3($1 = ph+s3($2. te%net12.122.1I4.9 *sin, ports 2 = 3 1. Lo,in to ph+s3($1 and s$itch the reso*rce ,ro*p @,isd-($N to ph+s3($2. Ph+s3($1:scad(in s$itch ($,is ph+s3($2 ,isd-($ ^onph+s3($1 1Monitoron -oth conso%e sessions &or an+ errors7$arnin, d*rin,s$itchover. <ait &or 4312 (ins &or the s$itchover5 1. 0on&ir( that c%*ster is sta-%e = -oth @,isd-($N = @,is&s($N are o$ned -+ ph+s3($2. Ph+s3($2:hastat ^.on ph+s3($2 1. Stop the c%*ster services on ph+s3($1 Ph+s3($1:scad(in stopnode ^.on ph+s3($1 1Monitoron -oth conso%e sessions &or an+ errors7$arnin, d*rin, stoppin,&or c%*ster services. <ait &or 4312 (ins &or this activit+5 1. 0on&ir( that c%*ster is sta-%e = -oth ,isd-($ = ,is&s($ are o$ned -+ ph+s3($2. ph+s3($1 $i%% NOT -e a c%*ster (e(-er no$. Ph+s3($2:hastat ^.on ph+s3($2 1. Re-oot ph+s3($1 server Ph+s3($1:sh*tdo$n G+ G,2 Gi9 ^.on ph+s3($1 1. <aitin, &or ph+s3($1 to ret*rn.. Monitorin, ph+s3($1 &ro( conso%e &or an+ iss*es. 2. Lo,in to ph+s3($1 = start the c%*ster services. Ph+s3($1:scad(in startnode ^.on ph+s3($1 1Monitoron -oth conso%e sessions &or an+ errors7$arnin, d*rin, startin,&or c%*ster services. <ait &or 4312 (ins &or this activit+5 1. 0on&ir( that c%*ster is sta-%e = -oth ,isd-($ = ,is&s($ are o$ned -+ ph+s3($2. ph+s3($1 $i%% -e a c%*ster (e(-er no$.

Ph+s3($2:hastat ^.on ph+s3($2 1. >ro( ph+s3($2' S$itch -ac. @,isd-($N -ac. to ph+s3($1. Ph+s3($2:scad(in s$itch ($,is ph+s3($1 ,isd-($ ..on ph+s3($2 1Monitoron -oth conso%e sessions &or an+ errors7$arnin, d*rin,s$itchover. <ait &or 4312 (ins &or the s$itchover5 1. 0on&ir( that c%*ster is sta-%e = @,isd-($N is o$ned -+ ph+s3($1 = @,is&s($N is o$ned -+ ph+s3($2. Ph+s3($2:hastat ^on ph+s3($2 1. S$itch the reso*rce ,ro*p @,is&s($N &ro( ph+s3($2 to ph+s3($1 Ph+s3($2:scad(in s$itch ($,is ph+s3($1 ,is&s($ ^on ph+s3($2 1Monitoron -oth conso%e sessions &or an+ errors7$arnin, d*rin, startin,&or c%*ster services. <ait &or 4312 (ins &or this activit+5 1. 0on&ir( that c%*ster is sta-%e = -oth @,isd-($N = @,is&s($N are o$ned -+ ph+s3($1. Ph+s3($2:hastat Ph+s3($1:hastat 1. Stop the c%*ster services on ph+s3($2 Ph+s3($2:scad(in stopnode ^.on ph+s3($2 1Monitoron -oth conso%e sessions &or an+ errors7$arnin, d*rin, stoppin,&or c%*ster services. <ait &or 4312 (ins &or this activit+5 1. 0on&ir( that c%*ster is sta-%e = -oth ,isd-($ = ,is&s($ are o$ned -+ ph+s3($1. ph+s3($2 $i%% NOT -e a c%*ster (e(-er no$. Ph+s3($1:hastat Ph+s3($2:hastat 1. Re-oot ph+s3($2 server Ph+s3($2:sh*tdo$n G+ G,2 Gi9 ..on ph+s3($2 1. <aitin, &or ph+s3($1 to ret*rn.. Monitorin, ph+s3($2 &ro( conso%e &or an+ iss*es.

2. Lo,in to ph+s3($2 = start the c%*ster services. Ph+s3($2:scad(in startnode ^.on ph+s3($2 1Monitoron -oth conso%e sessions &or an+ errors7$arnin, d*rin, startin,&or c%*ster services. <ait &or 4312 (ins &or this activit+5 1. 0on&ir( that c%*ster is sta-%e = -oth ,isd-($ = ,is&s($ are o$ned -+ ph+s3($1. ph+s3($2 $i%% -e a c%*ster (e(-er no$. Ph+s3($2:hastat ^.on ph+s3($2 1. S$itch the reso*rce ,ro*p @,is&s($N &ro( ph+s3($1 to ph+s3($2 Ph+s3($1:scad(in s$itch ($,is ph+s3($2 ,is&s($ ^on ph+s3($1 1Monitoron -oth conso%e sessions &or an+ errors7$arnin, d*rin, startin,&or c%*ster services. <ait &or 4312 (ins &or this activit+5 1. 0hec. i& ever+thin, is &ine on -oth the server Ph+s3($1:hastat ^.0hec. i& reso*rce ,ro*ps are o$ned -+ correct servers Ph+s3($1:d& G. ^.0hec. i& a%% the &i%es+ste( are (o*nted Ph+s3($2:hastat ^.0hec. i& reso*rce ,ro*ps are o$ned -+ correct servers Ph+s3($2:d& G. ^.0hec. i& a%% the &i%es+ste( are (o*nted 1. No$' that the dis.s are rep%aced' chec. i& it is vie$a-%e &ro( for"at co((and. I&its not vie$a-%e' r*n these co((ands 3 drvconfig)devlinks) disks S*ppose'the dis. is not vie$a-%e &ro( ph+s3($1' then r*n these co((ands. Ph+s3($1:drvcon&i, Ph+s3($1:dev%in.s Ph+s3($1:dis.s Ph+s3($1:&or(at ^0hec. i& the dis. is vie$a-%e. 1. )is.s needs to -e added as )I) device at the .erne% %eve%. Toadd )I) device d18' d32 and d3M' r*n scdidad"KF &ro(the pri(a+ node 1ph+s3($15

Ph+s3($1:scdidad( GR d18 Ph+s3($1:scdidad( GR d32 Ph+s3($1:scdidad( GR d3M 1. hastat o*tp*t is as sho$n in ppendi6 . 2. Partitions the dis.s and (irror the( as descri-ed in ppendi6 B. 5ote*I& an+ state data-ase rep%icas e6ist on the &ai%ed dis. 1)I) device5'then de%ete the state data-ase rep%icas = then re-oot the server.In ph+s3($1' )I) device d18 is containin, the state data-aserep%icas. This $as re(oved -e&ore re-oot. ph+s3($1:(etad- 3s ,isd-($ &%a,s &irst -%. -%oc. co*nt < % 19 1234 7dev7did7ds.7d18sI < % 1242 1234 7dev7did7ds.7d18sI ph+s3($1:(etad- Gd 7dev7did7ds.7d18sI &terre-oot and a&ter scdidad"KF d1H Ph+s3($1:(etad- Gac 2 7dev7did7ds.7c18sI AppendixA * hastat output ph+s3($1:hastat Kettin,In&or(ation &ro( a%% the nodes ...... "IK" B IL BILITW0ON>IKJR TION N) ST TJS 3333333333333333333333333333333333333333333 LISTO> NO)ES 0ON>IKJRE) IN 0LJSTER ph+s3($1 ph+s3($2

0JRRENTMEMBERS O> T"E 0LJSTER ph+s3($1 is a c%*ster(e(-er

ph+s3($2 is a c%*ster(e(-er

0ON>IKJR TIONST TE O> T"E 0LJSTER 0on&i,*ration State onph+s3($1# Sta-%e 0on&i,*ration State onph+s3($2# Sta-%e

JPTIMEO> NO)ES IN T"E 0LJSTER *pti(e o& ph+s3($1# 3#49p( *p 34 da+1s5' 22#13' 2 *sers' %oad avera,e# 2.MI' 1.23'1.21 *pti(e o& ph+s3($2# 3#49p( *p 34 da+1s5' 1M#43' 9 *sers' %oad avera,e# 1.2M' 1.24'1.38

LOKI0 L"OSTS M STERE) BW T"E 0LJSTER MEMBERS Lo,ica%"osts Mastered on ph+s3($1# ,isd-($ Lo,ica%"osts &or $hich ph+s3($1 is Bac.*p Node# ,is&s($

Lo,ica%"osts Mastered on ph+s3($2# ,is&s($ Lo,ica%"osts &or $hich ph+s3($2 is Bac.*p Node# ,isd-($

LOKI0 L"OSTS IN M INTEN N0E ST TE None

ST TJSO> PRIB TE NETS IN T"E 0LJSTER

Stat*s o& Interconnects onph+s3($1# interconnect2# se%ected interconnect1# *p Stat*s o& private nets onph+s3($1# To ph+s3($1 3 JP To ph+s3($2 3 JP

Stat*s o& Interconnects onph+s3($2# interconnect2# se%ected interconnect1# *p Stat*s o& private nets onph+s3($2# To ph+s3($1 3 JP To ph+s3($2 3 JP

ST TJSO> PJBLI0 NETS IN T"E 0LJSTER

Stat*so& P*-%ic Net$or. On ph+s3($1# -.,,rp rDadp stat*s &oDti(e %iveDadp na&o2 h(e2#h(e3 OK NEBER h(e2

Stat*so& P*-%ic Net$or. On ph+s3($2# -.,,rp rDadp stat*s &oDti(e %iveDadp na&o2 h(e2#h(e3 OK NEBER h(e2

ST TJSO> ) T SERBI0ES RJNNINK IN T"E 0LJSTER Stat*sO& Re,istered )ata Services ($,isapi# On s+-ase# On n&s# On

Stat*sO& )ata Services R*nnin, On ph+s3($1 )ata Service H($,isapiH# Not -ein, (ana,ed onthis s+ste( )ata Service Hs+-aseH# )ata-ase Stat*s onph+s3($1# ,isd-($ 3 r*nnin,R )ata Service Hn&sH# Not -ein, (ana,ed onthis s+ste(

Stat*sO& )ata Services R*nnin, On ph+s3($2 No Stat*s Method &or)ata Service H($,isapiH )ata Service Hs+-aseH#

Not -ein, (ana,ed onthis s+ste( )ata Service Hn&sH# On Lo,ica% "ost ,is&s($# O.

RE0ENT ERROR MESS KES >ROM T"E 0LJSTER RecentError Messa,es on ph+s3($1

*, M 14#2I#22 ph+s3($1 sn(pd6# a,entDprocess15 # -ad co((*nit+ &ro(12.122.222.1 *, M 14#2I#22 ph+s3($1 sn(pd6# %oca% pd* process error *, M 14#2I#22 ph+s3($1 sn(pd6# sessionDsendD%oop-ac.DreE*est15 &ai%ed *, M 14#2I#22 ph+s3($1 sn(pd6# sessionDopen15 &ai%ed &or a pd* received&ro( 12.122.222.1.42238 *, M 14#34#24 ph+s3($1 I)[SJN<c%*ster.&d%Den*(Dpro-eDdis.s.1124\# ccessed (aTorit+ o& dis.set ,is&s($ rep%icas *, M 14#34#28 ph+s3($1 I)[SJN<c%*ster.&d%Den*(Dpro-eDdis.s.3239\#0annot access dis. c4t1Md2 17dev7did7rds.7d325 in dis.set ,is&s($'possi-%+ d*e to a -ad ca-%e or contro%%er. *, M 14#34#28 ph+s3($1 I)[SJN<c%*ster.&d%Den*(Dpro-eDdis.s.3239\#0annot access dis. c4t22d2 17dev7did7rds.7d3M5 in dis.set ,is&s($'possi-%+ d*e to a -ad ca-%e or contro%%er.

RecentError Messa,es on ph+s3($2 *, M 14#29#48 ph+s3($2 sn(pd6# %oca% pd* process error *, M 14#29#48 ph+s3($2 sn(pd6# sessionDsendD%oop-ac.DreE*est15 &ai%ed *, M 14#29#48 ph+s3($2 sn(pd6# sessionDopen15 &ai%ed &or a pd* received&ro( 12.122.222.1.4223M *, M 14#42#1I ph+s3($2 (aT(dd-[I3M4\# open o& A7dev7did7rds.7d18sIA&ai%ed 3 No s*ch device or address

*, M 14#42#1I ph+s3($2 %ast (essa,e repeated 1 ti(e *, M 14#42#1I ph+s3($2 (aT(dd-[I3M4\# >inished a%% %isted devices#s*cceeded?24 too%on,?2 -ad?2 *, M 14#42#1I ph+s3($2 I)[SJN<c%*ster.&d%Den*(Dpro-eDdis.s.1124\# ccessed (aTorit+ o& dis.set ,isd-($ rep%icas Appendix:* ;reate partitions D "irroring of the disks

1. #o check which disks are "irrored.

ph+s3($1:(etastat 3s ,isd-($ d22 ,isd-($7d22#Trans State# O.a+ Si/e# 1I12I424 -%oc.s Master )evice# ,isd-($7d21 Lo,,in, )evice# ,isd-($7d24

,isd-($7d21#Mirror S*-(irror 2# ,isd-($7d22 State# Needs (aintenance S*-(irror 1# ,isd-($7d23 State# O.a+ Pass# 1 Read option# ro*ndro-in1de&a*%t5 <rite option# para%%e%1de&a*%t5

Si/e# 1I12I424 -%oc.s

,isd-($7d22#S*-(irror o& ,isd-($7d21 State# Needs (aintenance Invo.e# (etarep%ace,isd-($7d21 7dev7did7ds.7d18s2 Si/e# 1I12I424 -%oc.s Stripe 2# )evice Start B%oc. )-ase State "ot Spare 7dev7did7ds.7d1Hs% 2 No Maintenance

,isd-($7d23#S*-(irror o& ,isd-($7d21 State# O.a+ Si/e# 1I12I424 -%oc.s Stripe 2# )evice Start B%oc. )-ase State "ot Spare 7dev7did7ds.7d&Gs% 2 No O.a+

1. ;heck what disks represent these did devices.

ph+s3($1:scdidad( 3L L,rep d24 24 ph+s3($2#7dev7rds.7c4t1d2 7dev7did7rds.7d24 24 ph+s3($1#7dev7rds.7c4t1d2 7dev7did7rds.7d24 ph+s3($1:scdidad( 3L L,rep d18

18 ph+s3($2#7dev7rds.7c2t1d2 7dev7did7rds.7d18 18 ph+s3($1#7dev7rds.7c2t1d2 7dev7did7rds.7d18

>.+artition the disks as follows*

ph+s3($1:&or(at c4t1d2 c2t1d2

B IL BLE)ISK SELE0TIONS# 2. c2t1d2 7s-*sS3'27SJN<'soca%S2'27s&S2'27ssdS$212222223I4&e213'2 1. c4t1d2 7s-*sS-'27SJN<'soca%S2'27s&S2'27ssdS$212222223I222d4I'2 Speci&+dis. 1enter its n*(-er5# 1 se%ectin,c4t1d2 [dis.&or(atted\ &or(atFp

P RTITIONMENJ# partitionFp 0*rrentpartition ta-%e 1ori,ina%5# Tota%dis. c+%inders avai%a-%e# 4M24 U 2 1reserved c+%inders5

Part Ta, >%a, 0+%inders Si/e B%oc.s

2 *nassi,ned $( 11I 34882 8.19KB 14I9472725 1I12I424 1 *nassi,ned $( 2 2 1272725 2 2 *nassi,ned $( 2 2 1272725 2 3 *nassi,ned $( 2 2 1272725 2 4 *nassi,ned $( 2 3 119 221.94MB 111472725 412M94 4 *nassi,ned $( 4881 34889 12.42MB 1972725 21449 9 *nassi,ned $( 488I 34M23 94.88MB 13I72725 13289I I *nassi,ned $* 2 3 1 3.41MB 1272725 I182 partitionFE

>ORM TMENJ# &or(atFdi

B IL BLE)ISK SELE0TIONS# 2. c2t1d2 7s-*sS3'27SJN<'soca%S2'27s&S2'27ssdS$212222223I4&e213'2 1. c4t1d2 7s-*sS-'27SJN<'soca%S2'27s&S2'27ssdS$212222223I222d4I'2 Speci&+dis. 1enter its n*(-er5[1\# 2 se%ectin,c2t1d2 [dis.&or(atted\ &or(atFp

P RTITIONMENJ# partitionFp 0*rrentpartition ta-%e 1ori,ina%5# Tota%dis. c+%inders avai%a-%e# 4M24 U 2 1reserved c+%inders5

Part Ta, >%a, 0+%inders Si/e B%oc.s 2 root $( 2 3 I3 12M.I4MB 1I472725 294I34 1 s$ap $* I4 3 14I 12M.I4MB 1I472725 294I34 2 -ac.*p $* 2 34M23 8.43KB 14M2472725 1I982284 3 *nassi,ned $( 2 2 1272725 2 4 *nassi,ned $( 2 2 1272725 2 4 *nassi,ned $( 2 2 1272725 2 9 *sr $( 148 34M23 8.18KB 14II972725 1I142919 I *nassi,ned $( 2 2 1272725 2

partitionF2 Part Ta, >%a, 0+%inders Si/e B%oc.s 2 root $( 2 3 I3 12M.I4MB 1I472725 294I34

Enterpartition id ta,[root\# Enterpartition per(ission &%a,s[$(\# Enterne$ startin, c+%[2\#

Enterpartition si/e[294I34-' I4c' 12M.I4(-' 2.13,-\# 2 partitionF1 Part Ta, >%a, 0+%inders Si/e B%oc.s 1 s$ap $* I4 3 14I 12M.I4MB 1I472725 294I34

Enterpartition id ta,[s$ap\# Enterpartition per(ission &%a,s[$*\# Enterne$ startin, c+%[I4\# Enterpartition si/e[294I34-' I4c' 12M.I4(-' 2.13,-\# 2 partitionF9

Part Ta, >%a, 0+%inders Si/e B%oc.s 9 *sr $( 148 34M23 8.18KB 14II972725 1I142919

Enterpartition id ta,[*sr\# Enterpartition per(ission &%a,s[$(\# Enterne$ startin, c+%[148\# Enterpartition si/e[1I142919-' 4II9c' 83I4.32(-' 8.18,-\# 2 partitionFp 0*rrentpartition ta-%e 1*nna(ed5# Tota%dis. c+%inders avai%a-%e# 4M24 U 2 1reserved c+%inders5

Part Ta, >%a, 0+%inders Si/e B%oc.s 2 *nassi,ned $( 2 2 1272725 2 1 *nassi,ned $* 2 2 1272725 2 2 -ac.*p $* 2 34M23 8.43KB 14M2472725 1I982284 3 *nassi,ned $( 2 2 1272725 2 4 *nassi,ned $( 2 2 1272725 2 4 *nassi,ned $( 2 2 1272725 2 9 *nassi,ned $( 2 2 1272725 2 I *nassi,ned $( 2 2 1272725 2

partitionFI Part Ta, >%a, 0+%inders Si/e B%oc.s I *nassi,ned $( 2 2 1272725 2

Enterpartition id ta,[*nassi,ned\# Enterpartition per(ission &%a,s[$(\# $* Enterne$ startin, c+%[2\# Enterpartition si/e[2-' 2c' 2.22(-' 2.22,-\# 2c partitionF4 Part Ta, >%a, 0+%inders Si/e B%oc.s 4 *nassi,ned $( 2 2 1272725 2

Enterpartition id ta,[*nassi,ned\# Enterpartition per(ission &%a,s[$(\# Enterne$ startin, c+%[2\# 2 Enterpartition si/e[2-' 2c' 2.22(-' 2.22,-\# 114c partitionFp 0*rrentpartition ta-%e 1*nna(ed5# Tota%dis. c+%inders avai%a-%e# 4M24 U 2 1reserved c+%inders5

Part Ta, >%a, 0+%inders Si/e B%oc.s 2 *nassi,ned $( 2 2 1272725 2 1 *nassi,ned $* 2 2 1272725 2 2 -ac.*p $* 2 34M23 8.43KB 14M2472725 1I982284 3 *nassi,ned $( 2 2 1272725 2 4 *nassi,ned $( 2 3 119 221.94MB 111472725 412M94 4 *nassi,ned $( 2 2 1272725 2 9 *nassi,ned $( 2 2 1272725 2 I *nassi,ned $* 2 3 1 3.41MB 1272725 I182

partitionF2 Part Ta, >%a, 0+%inders Si/e B%oc.s 2 *nassi,ned $( 2 2 1272725 2

Enterpartition id ta,[*nassi,ned\#

Enterpartition per(ission &%a,s[$(\# Enterne$ startin, c+%[2\# 11I Enterpartition si/e[2-' 2c' 2.22(-' 2.22,-\# 4I94c partitionFp 0*rrentpartition ta-%e 1*nna(ed5# Tota%dis. c+%inders avai%a-%e# 4M24 U 2 1reserved c+%inders5

Part Ta, >%a, 0+%inders Si/e B%oc.s 2 *nassi,ned $( 11I 34882 8.19KB 14I9472725 1I12I424 1 *nassi,ned $* 2 2 1272725 2 2 -ac.*p $* 2 34M23 8.43KB 14M2472725 1I982284 3 *nassi,ned $( 2 2 1272725 2 4 *nassi,ned $( 2 3 119 221.94MB 111472725 412M94 4 *nassi,ned $( 2 2 1272725 2 9 *nassi,ned $( 2 2 1272725 2 I *nassi,ned $* 2 3 1 3.41MB 1272725 I182

partitionF4 Part Ta, >%a, 0+%inders Si/e B%oc.s 4 *nassi,ned $( 2 2 1272725 2

Enterpartition id ta,[*nassi,ned\# Enterpartition per(ission &%a,s[$(\#

Enterne$ startin, c+%[2\# 4881 Enterpartition si/e[2-' 2c' 2.22(-' 2.22,-\# 9 P%easespeci&+ *nits in either -1-%oc.s5' c1c+%inders5' (1(e,a-+tes5 or,1,i,a-+tes5 Enterpartition si/e[2-' 2c' 2.22(-' 2.22,-\# 9c partitionFp 0*rrentpartition ta-%e 1*nna(ed5# Tota%dis. c+%inders avai%a-%e# 4M24 U 2 1reserved c+%inders5

Part Ta, >%a, 0+%inders Si/e B%oc.s 2 *nassi,ned $( 11I 34882 8.19KB 14I9472725 1I12I424 1 *nassi,ned $* 2 2 1272725 2 2 -ac.*p $* 2 34M23 8.43KB 14M2472725 1I982284 3 *nassi,ned $( 2 2 1272725 2 4 *nassi,ned $( 2 3 119 221.94MB 111472725 412M94 4 *nassi,ned $( 4881 34889 12.42MB 1972725 21449 9 *nassi,ned $( 2 2 1272725 2 I *nassi,ned $* 2 3 1 3.41MB 1272725 I182

partitionF9 Part Ta, >%a, 0+%inders Si/e B%oc.s 9 *nassi,ned $( 2 2 1272725 2

Enterpartition id ta,[*nassi,ned\#

Enterpartition per(ission &%a,s[$(\# Enterne$ startin, c+%[2\# 488I Enterpartition si/e[2-' 2c' 2.22(-' 2.22,-\# X partitionFp 0*rrentpartition ta-%e 1*nna(ed5# Tota%dis. c+%inders avai%a-%e# 4M24 U 2 1reserved c+%inders5

Part Ta, >%a, 0+%inders Si/e B%oc.s 2 *nassi,ned $( 11I 34882 8.19KB 14I9472725 1I12I424 1 *nassi,ned $* 2 2 1272725 2 2 -ac.*p $* 2 34M23 8.43KB 14M2472725 1I982284 3 *nassi,ned $( 2 2 1272725 2 4 *nassi,ned $( 2 3 119 221.94MB 111472725 412M94 4 *nassi,ned $( 4881 34889 12.42MB 1972725 21449 9 *nassi,ned $( 488I 34M23 94.88MB 13I72725 13289I I *nassi,ned $* 2 3 1 3.41MB 1272725 I182

partitionF% Read+to %a-e% dis.' contin*eZ +

partitionFE

>ORM TMENJ#

&or(atFE

=.;heck out what "irrors needs to re(s!nced. ph+s3($1:(etastat 3s ,isd-($ L,rep d18 Invo.e# (etarep%ace,isd-($7d21 7dev7did7ds.7d18s2 7dev7did7ds.7d18s2 2 No Maintenance Invo.e# (etarep%ace,isd-($7d121 7dev7did7ds.7d18s4 7dev7did7ds.7d18s4 2 No Maintenance Invo.e# (etarep%ace,isd-($7d124 7dev7did7ds.7d18s9 7dev7did7ds.7d18s9 2 No Maintenance Invo.e# (etarep%ace,isd-($7d2 7dev7did7ds.7d18s4 7dev7did7ds.7d18s4 2 No Maintenance

G.Fes!nc the "irrors. ph+s3($1:(etarep%ace 3e ,isd-($7d21 7dev7did7ds.7d18s2 ,isd-($7d21#device 7dev7did7ds.7d18s2 is ena-%ed ph+s3($1:(etarep%ace 3e ,isd-($7d121 7dev7did7ds.7d18s4 ,isd-($7d121#device 7dev7did7ds.7d18s4 is ena-%ed ph+s3($1:(etarep%ace 3e ,isd-($7d124 7dev7did7ds.7d18s9 ,isd-($7d124#device 7dev7did7ds.7d18s9 is ena-%ed ph+s3($1:(etarep%ace 3e ,isd-($7d2 7dev7did7ds.7d18s4 ,isd-($7d2#device 7dev7did7ds.7d18s4 is ena-%ed

<.;heck out if the! are re(s!ncing.. ph+s3($1:(etastat 3s ,isd-($ L,rep V Res+nc in pro,ress# 2 Vdone Res+nc in pro,ress# 34 Vdone Res+nc in pro,ress# 44 Vdone ph+s3($1:(etastat Gs ,isd-($ L,rep Main ph+s3($1:(etastat 3s ,isd-($ L,rep 3i (ain

1pdatefro" FaSiba 0wain I5;%%%%%%&B%C<>= F,;*1<%C% )is.sc2t2d21d1I5 = c2t22d2 1dM5 and >an 1SEN B# 13in rear5 &ai%ed$ithin the SEN B dis. arra+ attached to ph+s3($1 = ph+s3($2 ...the dis.s = > N $i%% -e hot3s$apped -+ a "P.0)S en,ineer .

0tep(1 1. Rep%ace the &a*%t+ dis.1s5. ph+s3($2:%*6ad( re(ove B'r9 FF Iss*e the a-oveco((and ' then in&or( to S+nstar person to re(ove the &a*%t+ dis. andthen insert the ne$ dis. . 1In this case it is r95

FF &ter ,ettin,con&ir(ation &ro( S+nstar iss*e the &o%%o$in, co((and ph+s3($2:%*6ad( insert B'r9

FFBeri&+ the dis. ,eo(etr+ ph+s3($2:&or(at c2t22d2

FF0reate the partition ta-%e in the dis. 0tep(&

>o%%o$the steps (entioned in the 9riginaldocu"ent. Nor(a%%+the dis.s $i%% -e detected a*to(atica%%+ .Pro-%e( $e &aced d*rin, theR>0R &terre-ootin, the server' one dis. 1d1I5 is detected in did%ist o& c%*ster -*t another dis. 1dM5 is not con&i,*red in did%ist.

ph!s("w&?"etareplace (e gisfs"w d&1 dev did dsk dBs% "etareplace*ph!s("w&* dev did dsk dBs%* 5o such device or address (((error "essage

So $e&o%%o$ the -e%%o$ (entioned steps ph+s3($1 and ph+s3($2 server <eRan# Ph+s3($1:drvcon&i, Ph+s3($1:dev%in.s Ph+s3($1:dis.s Ph+s3($2:drvcon&i, Ph+s3($2:dev%in.s Ph+s3($2:dis.s

#r!to attach the disks in "etadevice. If again facing sa"e proble" thenfollowing these steps* Ph+s3($1:drvcon&i, Ph+s3($1:dev%in.s Ph+s3($1:dis.s Ph+s3($2:drvcon&i, Ph+s3($2:dev%in.s Ph+s3($2:dis.s 0tep(> Thin,sto -e chec.ed in ph+s3($1 = ph+s3($2 server -e&ore *pdatin, inthe $or.%o, that R>0 has -een co(p%eted s*ccess&*%%+. 1. On%+ in ph+s3($1 server ph+s3($1:s* G sa S*nMicros+ste(s Inc. S*nOS 4.9 Keneric *,*st 1MMI Wo*have ne$ (ai%. ph+s3($1#7ho(e7saFsho$server33333333333333333333333333333S+-ase data-ase JI) PI) PPI) 0 STIMETTW TIME 0M) s+-ase 922I 9221 2 Oct1I Z 1442#32 7opt7s+-ase7-in7dataserver 3d7,isd-($7data37(aster3 e7,isd-($7s+-%o,7,isd-($.%o s+-ase 941I 922I 2 Oct1I Z 2222#43 7opt7s+-ase7-in7dataserver3 ONLINE#1'2'26992292MM'26c3822222'262-4-9222'26114M s+-ase 921I 9214 2 Oct1I Z 2#24 7opt7s+-ase7-in7-ac.*pserver3 e7,isd-($7s+-%o,7,isd-($D-ac..%o, 3N24 3022 3S,is s+-ase 942I 9421 2 Oct1I Z 141M#2I 7opt7s+-ase7-in7dataserver3 ONLINE#3'2'26992292MM'26c3822222'262-4-9222'26114M s+-ase 9421 941I 2 Oct1I Z 1933#38 7opt7s+-ase7-in7dataserver3 ONLINE#2'2'26992292MM'26c3822222'262-4-9222'26114M

ph+s3($1#7ho(e7saF

5ote*I& +o* &ind an+ pro-%e( $ith S+-ase data-ase p%ease contact $ith1(WA2+A++tea(. P%easere&er Re(ed+ Incident# &B&B1>

2. Beri&+ the <e- services . ph+s3($2#7ho(e7saFps 3e& L ,rep httpd no-od+ 4292 424M 2 Oct1I Z 2#23 7*sr7apache7-in7httpd 3&7etc7apache7httpd.e6terna%.con& root 424M 1 2 Oct1I Z 2#22 7*sr7apache7-in7httpd 3&7etc7apache7httpd.e6terna%.con& no-od+ 4423 4342 2 Oct1I Z 2#22 7*sr7apache7-in7httpd 3&7etc7apache7httpd.contesta-%e.con& 1. List the files in current director! sorted b! si4e ? ( %s 3% L ,rep a3 L sort 3nr 2. List the hidden files in current director! ? ( %s 3a1 L ,rep HaQ.H 3. 'elete blank lines in a file ? ( cat sa(p%e.t6t L ,rep 3v baX; F ne$Dsa(p%e.t6t 4. 0earch for a sa"ple string in particular files ? ( ,rep @)e-*,N C.con&"ere grep *ses the strin, @)e-*,N to search in a%% &i%es $ith e6tension@.con&N *nder c*rrent director+. 4. 'ispla! the last newl! appending lines of a file during appendingdata to the sa"e file b! so"e processes ? ( tai% G& )e-*,.%o,"ere tail sho$s the ne$%+ appended data into )e-*,.%o, -+ so(e processes7*ser. 9. 'ispla! the 'isk 1sage of file si4es under each director! in current'irector! ? ( d* 3. C L sort Gnr 1or5 d* G. . L sort 3nr I. ;hange to a director!) which is having ver! long na"e ? ( cd 0)M D3]DKENC"ere ori,ina% director+ na(e is G @0)M D3]DKENER TIOND) T N. 8. 'ispla! the all files recursivel! with path under current director! ? ( &ind . 3depth 3print M. 0et the 'ispla! auto"aticall! for the current new user ? ( e6port )ISPL W?ceva% b$ho a( i L c*t 3dH1H 3&2 L c*t 3dH5H 3&1dc"ere in a-ove co((and' see sin,%e E*ote' do*-%e E*ote' ,rave ascent is *sed. O-serve care&*%%+. 12. 'ispla! the processes) which are running under !ouruserna"e ? ( ps Gae& L ,rep MaheshvT"ere' MaheshvT is the *serna(e.

11. List so"e $ot 3e!s for bash shell ? ( ;trlTl K 0%ears the Screen. ;trlTr K )oes a search in previo*s%+ ,iven co((ands in she%%. ;trlTu 3 0%ears the t+pin, -e&ore the hot.e+. ;trlTa G P%aces c*rsor at the -e,innin, o& the co((and at she%%. ;trlTe G P%aces c*rsor at the end o& the co((and at she%%. ;trlTd G Ki%%s the she%%. ;trlT4 K P%aces the c*rrent%+ r*nnin, process into -ac.,ro*nd. 12. 'ispla! the files in the director! b! file si4e ? ( %s G%tr L sort Gnr G. 4 13. $ow to save "an pages to a file ? ( (an L co% G- F E6a(p%e # (an top L co% G- F topDhe%p.t6t 14. $ow to know the date D ti"e for K when script is executed ? ( dd the &o%%o$in, script %ine in she%% script.eva% echo HScript is e6ec*ted at cdatecH FF ti(ein&o.in&"ere' @ti(ein&o.in&N contains date = ti(e detai%s ie.' $hen script is e6ec*ted and histor+ re%ated to e6ec*tion. 14. $ow do !ou find out drive statistics ? ( iostat 3E 19. 'ispla! disk usage in 3ilob!tes ? ( d* 3. 1I. 'ispla! top ten largest files directories ? ( d* 3s. C L sort 3nr L head 18. $ow "uch space is used for users in kilob!tes ? ( E*ot 3a& 1M. $ow to create null file ? ( cat 7dev7n*%% F &i%ena(e1 22. Access co""on co""ands Juicker ? ( ps 3e& L ,rep 3i XS 21. 'ispla! the page si4e of "e"or! ? ( pa,esi/e 3a 22. 'ispla! Ethernet Address arp table ? ( arp 3a 23. 'ispla! the no.of active established connections to localhost ? ( netstat 3a L ,rep EST 24. 'ispla! the state of interfaces used for #;+ I+ traffice ? ( netstat 3i 24. 'ispla! the parent child tree of a process ? ( ptree Example: ptree 129I 29. 0how the working director! of a process ? ( p$d6 Example: p$d6 129I 2I. 'ispla! the processes current open files ? ( p&i%es Example: p&i%es 129I 28. 'ispla! the inter(process co""unication facilit! status ? ( ipcs 2M. 'ispla! the top "ost process utili4ing "ost ;+1 ? ( top G- 1 32. Alternative for top co""and ? ( prstat 3a