MPLS fundamentals
Why MPLS
MULTIPROTOCOL LABEL SWITCHING
Agenda MPLS Fundamentals
Why MPLS?
Why MPLS
What is MPLS
MPLS Functions and Roles
Label Switching and Distribution
MPLS Virtual Private Networks
MPLS is important for the future of telecommunication networks
Voice
TV & Video
Data
PABX
IP-PABX
IP TV
MPLS
PSTN
Internet
AXE
Mobile Networks
Internet
IP-PABX
Mobile Networks
"Disclaimer: This document is intended for internal use only (i.e. self-study) and it is not allowed to distribute in any
shape and form for external use. Furthermore, please keep in mind that this module was designed and developed for
e-learning method. This might have an impact on the quality of the graphics in this document."
"Disclaimer: This document is intended for internal use only (i.e. self-study) and it is not allowed to distribute in any
shape and form for external use. Furthermore, please keep in mind that this module was designed and developed for
e-learning method. This might have an impact on the quality of the graphics in this document."
Why MPLS: IP v atm
Real Time applications transmitted over IP network
Hello
leohl ????
What is MPLS
o
IP Network
IP
AT is MPLs?
IP
v6
What
M
er
ne
C
DL
Label switching
label label
IP Packet IP packet
Et
h
Multi-Protocol
Hello
PP
P
PV
Hello
SO
Real Time applications transmitted over ATM network
N
ET
/S
D
Why MPLS: IP v atm
label
IP packet
IP Packet
label
ATM Network
"Disclaimer: This document is intended for internal use only (i.e. self-study) and it is not allowed to distribute in any
shape and form for external use. Furthermore, please keep in mind that this module was designed and developed for
e-learning method. This might have an impact on the quality of the graphics in this document."
IP packet
IP Packet
MPLS/IP Network
"Disclaimer: This document is intended for internal use only (i.e. self-study) and it is not allowed to distribute in any
shape and form for external use. Furthermore, please keep in mind that this module was designed and developed for
e-learning method. This might have an impact on the quality of the graphics in this document."
MPLS challenges IP
VPN
QoS
Virtual
Quality
Private
of Service
Network
MPLS/IP
VPN-A
40.1.1.1
o
o
l
l
e H
e
40.1.2.1
VPN-A
MPLS Functions and Roles
VPN-b
40.1.2.1
VPN-b
40.1.1.1
MPLS/IP Network
MPLS and the OSI Model
Mpls functions and roles
Layer 7 -
Application
P
LS
LSP Label switch path
Hello
Hello
Layer 6 - Presentation
Layer 5 -
Session
Layer 4 -
Transport
Layer 3 -
Network
Layer 2 -
Data Link
Layer 1 -
Physical
MPLS
"Disclaimer: This document is intended for internal use only (i.e. self-study) and it is not allowed to distribute in any
shape and form for external use. Furthermore, please keep in mind that this module was designed and developed for
e-learning method. This might have an impact on the quality of the graphics in this document."
"Disclaimer: This document is intended for internal use only (i.e. self-study) and it is not allowed to distribute in any
shape and form for external use. Furthermore, please keep in mind that this module was designed and developed for
e-learning method. This might have an impact on the quality of the graphics in this document."
Mpls functions and roles
Mpls functions and roles
MPLS Header
FEC Forward Equivalence Class
20 Bits
3Bits 1Bit 8 Bits
TE
Destination
paths
label
IP Packet
QoS
VPN
Label
Label
EXP
Exp S
TTL
TE - paths
label
IP packet
IP Packet
label
Layer 2
MPLS
Header
Header
IP packet
IP packet
IP Packet
MPLS/IP Network
32 Bits
Mpls functions and roles
MPLS functions and roles
MPLS Header
label
IP Packet
MPLS
CE
LER
(PE)
label
IP packet
IP Packet
label
IP packet
LSR
(P)
LSR
(P)
CE
LER
(PE)
CE
CE
IP Packet
MPLS/IP Network
"Disclaimer: This document is intended for internal use only (i.e. self-study) and it is not allowed to distribute in any
shape and form for external use. Furthermore, please keep in mind that this module was designed and developed for
e-learning method. This might have an impact on the quality of the graphics in this document."
push
swap
swap
php
pop
"Disclaimer: This document is intended for internal use only (i.e. self-study) and it is not allowed to distribute in any
shape and form for external use. Furthermore, please keep in mind that this module was designed and developed for
e-learning method. This might have an impact on the quality of the graphics in this document."
Label stacking
LSP
VPN
MPLS
CE
LER1300
10.1.1.1
LSR1
888
Label Switching and
Distribution
CE
LSR2
IP packet LER2
10.1.2.1
Outer LabelInner Label
300 888 IP packet400 888 IP packet 888 IP packet
IP packet
IP packet
push
swap
php
Label Switch Path (LSP)
Mpls functions and roles
Label switching
INTer
FEC face
1
1
Reserved MPLS Labels
0 15 are reserved
Out
In
Action INTer
In
Action
Out
Inter Out
Label
Label
Label
face Label face Label
300
300 swap 400
2
php400
3
none
MPLS
CE
Label 0
Label 3
Label
Explicit NULL label
Implicit NULL label
Router Alert label
- add label 0
- do PHP
- Take a closer look
LSR2
LSR1
LER1
CE
LER2
3
10.1.2.1
10.1.1.1
300 IP packet
400 IP packet
IP packet
Label 14
OAM label alert
-Operation & Maintenance
IP packet
IP packet
push
swap
php
Label Switch Path (LSP)
"Disclaimer: This document is intended for internal use only (i.e. self-study) and it is not allowed to distribute in any
shape and form for external use. Furthermore, please keep in mind that this module was designed and developed for
e-learning method. This might have an impact on the quality of the graphics in this document."
"Disclaimer: This document is intended for internal use only (i.e. self-study) and it is not allowed to distribute in any
shape and form for external use. Furthermore, please keep in mind that this module was designed and developed for
e-learning method. This might have an impact on the quality of the graphics in this document."
Label Distribution
Label Distribution Modes
Downstream
Unsolicited
on Demand
300 IP packet
LSR1
LSR2
Upstream
LSR - 1
LDP
171.2.2.0/24
Label 200
LSR - 2
171.2.2.0/24
Label 3
171.2.2.0/24
LSR - 3
RSVP
LDP
LSP Control Modes
Label Distribution Protocol
Action Out
Inter Out
INTer
face Label
face Label
none
1php 500 3
Independent LSP
Ordered LSP
P
LIGS
In
Label
FEC
400
1
Downstream
Can I have label
for 171.2.2.0/24 ?
Downstream
400 IP packet
Upstream
Downstream
171.2.2.0/24
FE
C1
/La
be
l4
00
IP packet
FEC1/Label
400 F
00
EC
l9
1/ L
e
b
abe
l3
La
/
1
C
E
F
ECPacket
500 FIP
IP packet
el 3 IP packet
1 /L
/Lab
abe
l 50
EC1
F
400 0 IP Packet
LSR - 1
171.2.2.0/24
Label 200
LSR - 2
171.2.2.0/24
Label 3
LSR - 3
Label 3 has a
In MPLS/IP
Action INTer
Out
Network
special meaning. Label
face Label
It asks LSR to
500 swap
2
400
perform PHP
"Disclaimer: This document is intended for internal use only (i.e. self-study) and it is not allowed to distribute in any
shape and form for external use. Furthermore, please keep in mind that this module was designed and developed for
e-learning method. This might have an impact on the quality of the graphics in this document."
"Disclaimer: This document is intended for internal use only (i.e. self-study) and it is not allowed to distribute in any
shape and form for external use. Furthermore, please keep in mind that this module was designed and developed for
e-learning method. This might have an impact on the quality of the graphics in this document."
LDP Messages
LSR
1
LSR 2
LSP
LDP ID
VPN
2 Bytes
Hello4 Bytes
UDP port 646
Hello
TCP port 646
300
Label
LSR
888
Negotiation
LDP
TCP port 646
UDP port 646
Label Timer Values
IP packet
6 Bytes
TCP port 646
MPLS Virtual Private
Networks
Advertisement
tLDP
Notification
Label Distrib.
Method
Other
TCP port 646
TCP port 646
RSVP
MPLS VPN
P
LIGS
Resource Reservation Protocol
RESV/Label 400
400
IP Packet IPRpacket
ESV
00
9
/L a
el
bel
b
3
a
Path P
/L
ath
V
h
S
t
a
E
P
R
IP packet
900 IP Packet
IP packet
"Disclaimer: This document is intended for internal use only (i.e. self-study) and it is not allowed to distribute in any
shape and form for external use. Furthermore, please keep in mind that this module was designed and developed for
e-learning method. This might have an impact on the quality of the graphics in this document."
MP-BGP
LER
LSR
LSR
LER
"Disclaimer: This document is intended for internal use only (i.e. self-study) and it is not allowed to distribute in any
shape and form for external use. Furthermore, please keep in mind that this module was designed and developed for
e-learning method. This might have an impact on the quality of the graphics in this document."
Signaling of Labels
LSP
CE
LER1300
CE
VPN
MPLS
LSR1
888
CE
Summary
LSR2
IP packet LER2
CE
Outer LabelInner Label
LDP
TLDP
RSVP
MP-BGP
Forwarding and Control Plane
FEC: 171.2.2.0/24
In
Action Inter Out
face Label
php
3
none
Voice
Control
plane
Label
400
CE
CE
LER1
LSR1
LSR2
HeaderAXE
Mobile Networks
IP packet
LSR
LSRIP
MPLS
IGP
MPLS
(P) LDP (P)
RSVP
TLDP
Header
MP-BGP
Data
IP TV
Internet
CE
LER VPN-A
(PE)
IP packet
Internet
CE
CE
push
300 888 IP packet400 888 IP packet 888 IP packet
IP packet
IP-PABX
LER2
CE
MPLS
PABX
CE
VPN-A
LER
PSTN
Layer(PE)
2
CE
TV & Video
Mobile Networks
VPN-b
32 Bits
swap
IP-PABX
swap
php
pop
VPN-b
Forwarding plane
"Disclaimer: This document is intended for internal use only (i.e. self-study) and it is not allowed to distribute in any
shape and form for external use. Furthermore, please keep in mind that this module was designed and developed for
e-learning method. This might have an impact on the quality of the graphics in this document."
"Disclaimer: This document is intended for internal use only (i.e. self-study) and it is not allowed to distribute in any
shape and form for external use. Furthermore, please keep in mind that this module was designed and developed for
e-learning method. This might have an impact on the quality of the graphics in this document."
"Disclaimer: This document is intended for internal use only (i.e. self-study) and it is not allowed to distribute in any
shape and form for external use. Furthermore, please keep in mind that this module was designed and developed for
e-learning method. This might have an impact on the quality of the graphics in this document."
