What is Computer
an electronic device which
consist of several components
that together provide the
capability of executing a stored
data.
Hardware
It has three essential
characteristics:
Refers to the physical components of
a computer that you can actually
touch.
It categorize into 4 devices:
- Electronic device
- Input devices
- Programmable
- Output devices
- Can Store, Retrieve and
- Central Processing
- Storage devices
process data
Unit CPU)
Computer System Performs four Operations:
Computer System Devices
- Input
Input device - Which allow users to
input data for processing.
Output device
- Where the
results of processing operations are
displayed or printed.
* Input Operation
- The computer system accepts data
from external sources, such as: users or a
separate computer system.
Central Processing Unit(CPU)
Process and converts data from input
to output.
Storage device
- Where the data
us stored permanently.
Some Input Devices
Keyboard - It has a function keys for
the entry of information.
Mouse - It is used to repositioning
the cursor or the pointer .
Scanner - Translates images of text,
photo, or other graphics into digital
form.
Joystick - it usually used in playing
computer games.
- Processing
- Output
- Storage
* Processing Operation
- It performs logical operations on
inputted data.
* Storage
- The results are sent to temporary
storage.
* Output
- Where the processed data
displayed.
Some Output Devices
Computer System Elements
Monitor - It is the most common
output device that shows information
on the screen when you type.
Printer - a computer peripheral that
puts text or a computer-generated
image on paper or on another
medium.
Speaker - Produce sound output
from the computer.
HARDWARE
Basic CPU Components
SOFTWARE
PEOPLEWARE
CPU(Central Processing Unit) - Process and
converts data from input to output. heart
of the Computer
Random Access Memory (RAM) is a part of
the memory the computer uses to store
given instructions.
Read Only Memory (ROM) can only read
the information or instruction stored.
Some Storage Devices
Magnetic Disk - is a direct access to
media which, like a phonograph
record, is divided into tracks and
records.
Common types are:
- Hard disks
- Floppy disks
Optical Disk - it is made up of plastic
which data are recorded.
Common types are:
- CD-ROM
- CD-RW
- DVD
- BLU-RAY
Motherboard
The motherboard is the computer's main
circuit board. It's a thin plate that holds the
CPU, memory, connectors for the hard drive
and optical drives, expansion cards to
control the video and audio, as well as
connections to your computer's ports (such
as the USB ports).
installed, and it's also where your
documents and other files are stored.
The hard drive is long-term storage, which
means the data is still saved even if you
turn the computer off or unplug it.
Expansion Cards
Central Processing Unit
Also called a processor, is located inside
the computer case on the motherboard. It is
sometimes called the brain of the computer,
and its job is to carry out commands.
Whenever you press a key, click the mouse,
or start an application, you're sending
instructions to the CPU.
Most computers have expansion slots on
the motherboard that allow you to add
various types of expansion cards. These are
sometimes called PCI (Peripheral
Component Interconnect) cards.
Video Card
The video card is responsible for what you
see on the monitor.
If you like playing graphics-intense games
on the computer, you can add a faster video
card to one of the expansion slots to get
better performance.
Sound Card
Random Access Memory
RAM is your system's short-term memory.
Whenever your computer performs
calculations, it temporarily stores the data
in the RAM until it is needed.
The sound card, also called an audio card, is
responsible for what you hear in the
speakers or headphones. Most
motherboards have integrated sound, but
you can upgrade to a dedicated sound card
for higher quality sound.
Hard Drive
Network Card
The hard drive is the data center of the
computer. This is where the software is
The network card allows your computer to
communicate over a network and access
the internet. It can either connect with
an Ethernet cable or through
a wireless connection (often called Wi-Fi).
Power Supply Unit (PSU)
PSUs supplies power to all the components
inside the system unit.
