Computer Science E-76
Building Mobile Applications
Lecture 3: [Android] The SDK, Activities, and Views
February 13, 2012
Dan Armendariz
danallan@mit.edu
http://developer.android.com
Android
SDK and NDK
2
.java (code)
javac (compiler)
.class (bytecode)
dx (converter)
.dex (Dalvik executable)
zip, aapt, etc. (archiver)
.apk (Android Package)
Building an App
3
.java (code)
Eclipse (IDE)
.apk (Android Package)
Building an App
4
SDK
5
android - Android SDK manager. Create/
delete/view Android Virtual Devices and
update the SDK with new platforms/add-ons.
ddms - Dalvik Debug Monitor Server. Screen
caps, thread/heap info, process/state info, ..
SDK
Tools
6
emulator - The application responsible for
opening AVDs instances.
sqlite3 - manage SQLite databases.
SDK
Tools
7
No support for placing or receiving actual phone calls. You
can simulate phone calls (placed and received) through the
emulator console, however.
No support for USB connections
No support for camera/video capture (input).
No support for device-attached headphones
No support for determining connected state
No support for determining battery charge level and AC
charging state
No support for determining SD card insert/eject
No support for Bluetooth
SDK
Emulator Limitations
8
# adb - Android Debug Bridge. A client/
server program that manages the state of an
emulated device.
# aapt - Android Asset Packaging Tool.
# dx - The converter; converts .class files to
Android bytecode.
SDK
Platform Tools
9
telnet localhost <console-port>
console-port: 5554+2n
where n is the emulator number (0th, 1st, 2nd)
Use commands like:
redir, power, geo, network, gsm, sms
SDK
Emulator Console
10
Data as of 1/3/2012. From: http://developer.android.com/resources/dashboard/platform-versions.html
SDK
Platform Versions
11
Data as of 2/1/2012. From: http://developer.android.com/resources/dashboard/platform-versions.html
SDK
Platform Versions
12
Data collected during 2 weeks in Jul 2010. From: http://developer.android.com/resources/dashboard/screens.html
SDK
Screen Sizes & Densities
13
Data collected over 1 week ending on 2/1/2012. From: http://developer.android.com/resources/dashboard/screens.html
SDK
Screen Sizes & Densities
14
package com.android.helloworld;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.widget.TextView;
public class HelloWorld extends Activity {
/** Called when the activity is first created. */
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
TextView tv = new TextView(this);
tv.setText("Hello, World!");
setContentView(tv);
}
}
Code adapted from: http://developer.android.com/resources/tutorials/hello-world.html
Hello, World!
15
public class Activity extends ApplicationContext {
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState);
protected void onStart();
protected void onRestart();
protected void onResume();
protected void onPause();
protected void onStop();
protected void onDestroy();
}
http://developer.android.com/reference/android/app/Activity.html
Activity Methods
16
http://developer.android.com/reference/android/app/Activity.html
Activity Lifecycle
17
TextView tv = new TextView(this);
tv.setText("Hello, Android");
or
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<TextView xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
android:text="@string/hello"/>
http://developer.android.com/resources/tutorials/hello-world.html
Creating a UI
18
http://developer.android.com/guide/topics/ui/index.html
Views
Layouts
19
FrameLayout
Gallery
GridView
LinearLayout
ListView
RelativeLayout
ScrollView
Spinner
SurfaceView
TabHost
TableLayout
ViewFlipper
ViewSwitcher
More: http://developer.android.com/reference/android/widget/package-summary.html
Views
Common Layouts
20
Computer Science E-76
Building Mobile Applications
Lecture 3: [Android] The SDK, Activities, and Views
February 13, 2012
Dan Armendariz
danallan@mit.edu
21
