3/5/2018 Address Calculation
Array Representation and Analysis
Single, Two and Multidimensional Array
Address Calculation
Application of Arrays
Character Strings and its Operations in C
Sparse Matrices
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1) One - Dimensional Array :
By the previous definition of 1-Dimensional array, we can say that the compiler
limits the storage region to storing set of element, and the first location is
individual element of array , and this called the Base Address.
For example :
let’s be as 500. Base Address (501) and like for the all elements and used the
index I, by its value are range 1<= I => N according to Base Index (500), by
using this relation:
Location ( X[I] ) = Base Address + (I-1)
For example :
When the requirement is to bound the forth element, I = 4 :
Location(X[4])= 500+(4-1)
= 500 +3
= 503
So the address of forth element is 503 because the first element in 500.
When the program indicate or dealing with element of array in any instruction like
(write (X [I]), read (X [I] ) ), the compiler depend on going relation to bounding
the requirement address.
2) Two - Dimensional Array :
A two dimensional Array A is the collection of 'm X n' elements. Programming
language stores the two dimensional array in one dimensional memory in either of
two ways -
1) Row Major Order:
First row of the array occupies the first set of memory locations reserved for the
array; Second row occupies the next set, and so forth.
To determine element address A[i,j]:
Location ( A[ i,j ] ) =Base Address + ( N x ( I - 1 ) ) + ( j - 1 )
For example :
Given an array [1…5,1…7] of integers. Calculate address of element T[4,6], where
BA=900.
Solution:- I = 4 , J = 6 ,M= 5 , N= 7
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3/5/2018 Address Calculation
Location (T [4,6]) = BA + (7 x (4-1)) + (6-1)
= 900+ (7 x 3) +5
= 900+ 21 + 5
= 926
2) Column Major Order:
Order elements of first column stored linearly and then comes elements of next
column.
To determine element address A[i,j]:
Location ( A[ i,j ] ) =Base Address + ( M x ( j - 1 ) ) + ( i - 1 )
For example :
Given an array [1…6,1…8] of integers. Calculate address element T[5,7], where
BA=300.
Solution:- I = 5 , J = 7, M= 6 , N= 8
Location (T [4,6]) = BA + (6 x (7-1)) + (5-1)
= 300+ (6 x 6) +4
= 300+ 36+4
= 340
2) Three - Dimensional Array :
In three - dimensional array also address is calculated through two methods i.e;
row-major order and column-major method.
To calculate address of element X[ i,j,k] using row-major order :
Location ( X[i,j,k] )=BA + MN (k-1) + N (i-1) + (j-1)
To calculate address of element X[ i,j,k] using column-major order
Location ( X[i,j,k] )=BA + MN (k-1) + M (j-1) + (i-1)
For example :
Given an array [ 1..8, 1..5, 1..7 ] of integers. Calculate address of element
A[5,3,6], by using rows and columns methods, if BA=900?
Solution:- The dimensions of A are :
M=8 , N=5, R=7, i=5, j=3, k=6
Rows - wise :
Location (A[i,j,k]) = BA + MN(k-1) + N(i-1) + (j-1)
Location(A[5,3,6])= 900 + 8x5(6-1) + 5(5-1) + (3-1)
= 900 + 40 x 5 +5 x 4 + 2
= 900 + 200 +20 +2
= 1122
Columns - wise :
Location (A[i,j,k]) = BA + MN(k-1) + M(j-1) + (i-1)
Location (A[5,3,6]) = 900 + 8x5(6-1) + 8(3-1) + (5-1)
= 900 + 40 x 5 +8 x 2 + 4
= 900 + 200 +16 +4
= 1120
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