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Physics: Simple Machines Guide

This document contains a chapter on simple machines from a physics textbook. It includes definitions and examples of different types of simple machines, such as levers, pulleys, gears, and screws. It also contains 9 problems related to calculating force ratios, movement ratios, and efficiencies of simple machines based on given information about efforts, loads, distances, and other variables.

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Sahida Ishak
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241 views4 pages

Physics: Simple Machines Guide

This document contains a chapter on simple machines from a physics textbook. It includes definitions and examples of different types of simple machines, such as levers, pulleys, gears, and screws. It also contains 9 problems related to calculating force ratios, movement ratios, and efficiencies of simple machines based on given information about efforts, loads, distances, and other variables.

Uploaded by

Sahida Ishak
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MAP 2412: Physics Chapter 6: Simple

Machines

Answer all questions.

Types of simple machines Force ratio (FR) Movement Ratio Efficiency


(MR)

General

Pulley

Screw-Jack

Gear

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MAP 2412: Physics Chapter 6: Simple
Machines

Types of machines Force Ratio Movement Ratio Efficiency


(FR) (MR)

Lever
1st order

2nd order

3rd order

1. A simple machine raises a load of 160 kg through a distance of 1.6 m. The effort applied
to the machine is 200 N and moves through a distance of 16 m. Taking g as 9.8 ms -2
determine the force ratio, movement ratio and efficiency of the machine.

2. For the simple machine of Problem 1, determine:


a) the distance moved by the effort to move the load through a distance of 0.9 m,
b) the effort which would be required to raise a load of 200 kg, assuming the
same efficiency,
c) the efficiency if, due to lubrication, the effort to raise the 160 kg load is
reduced to 180 N.

1
MAP 2412: Physics Chapter 6: Simple
Machines

3. A load of 80 kg is lifted by a three-pulley system and the applied effort is 392 N.


Calculate (a) the force ratio, (b) the movement ratio, (c) the efficiency of the system.
Take g to be 9.8 m s-2.
4. A pulley system consists of two blocks, each containing three pulleys and connected a
shown in the figure below. An effort of 400 N is required to raise a load of 1500 N.
Determine (a) the force ratio, (b) the movement ratio, (c) the efficiency of the pulley
system.

5. A screw-jack is being used to support the axle of a car, the load on it being 2.4 kN. The
screw jack has an effort of effective radius 200 mm and a single-start square thread,
having a lead of 5 mm. Determine the efficiency of the jack if an effort of 60 N is
required to raise the car axle.
6. A driver gear on a shaft of a motor has 35 teeth and meshes with a follower having 98
teeth. If the speed of the motor is 1400 revolutions per minute, find the speed of
rotation of the follower.
7. A compound gear train consists of a driver gear A, heaving 40 teeth engaging with gear
B, having 160 teeth. Attached to the same shaft as B, gear C has 48 teeth and meshes
with gear D on the output shaft, having 96 teeth. Determine (a) the movement ratio of
this gear system and (b) the efficiency when the force ratio is 6.
8. The load on a first-order lever is 1.2 kN. Determine the effort, the force ratio and the
movement ratio when the distance between the fulcrum and the load is 0.5 m and the
distance between the fulcrum and effort is 1.5 m. Assume the lever is 100% efficient.

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MAP 2412: Physics Chapter 6: Simple
Machines

9. A second-order lever, AB, is in a horizontal position. The fulcrum is at point C. An effort


of 60 N applied at B just moves a load at point d, when BD is 0.5 m and BC is 1.25 m.
Calculate the load and the force ratio of the lever.

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