Linux Essentials Chapter 7 Exam Answer

1. Question ID 73

Compression on a file works by:

 Removing redundant information

 Eliminating gaps within the file
 Storing most of the data on removable media and just leaving a pointer
 Consolidating multiple files into one
 Removing the high order bit from each byte
2. Question ID 75

In general, for which of the following would you want to use lossless
compression?

 A log file
 A movie
 A JPEG image
 An mp3 audio file
 An encrypted email
3. Question ID 76

Lossy compression:

(choose three)

 Decompresses to an identical version as the original

 Is often used with documents
 Is often used with images
 Usually results better compression than lossless
 Sacrifices some quality
4. Question ID 77

You type gzip myfile.tar. What happens?

(choose two)

 myfile.tar is removed
 myfile.tar.gz holds a compressed version of myfile.tar
 An error; you forgot to specify the file with –f
 myfile.tar is unarchived into the current directory
 An error; you forgot to pass the name of the output file
5. Question ID 78

How would you obtain output similar to the following?

 compressed uncompressed ratio uncompressed_name

278168 1016950 72.6% tags

 gunzip –t tags
 file tags
 gzip –l tags
6. Question ID 79

Which command would you use to archive the Documents directory and
compress it with bzip2 compression?

 tar –czf documents.tbz Documents

 tar –cjf Documents
 tar –fzc Documents documents.tbz
 tar –cjf documents.tbz Documents
 tar –cf Documents documents.tbz
7. Question ID 80

Which flag would you pass to tar in order to have it make a new archive?

 –t
 -c
 –j
 -x
 –n
8. Question ID 81

Which command will show what is inside the compressed tarball with a name of
foo.tar.gz?

 tar –tjf foo.tar.gz

 tar –tzf foo.tar.gz
 tar –lf foo.tar.gz
 tar –xf foo.tar.gz
 tar –tf foo.tar.gz

9. Question ID 82

In the command tar –cvjf foo.tbz a b c, what are a, b, and c?

 File names to be added to the archive

 Matching operators; anything starting with a, b, or c will be added
 a is the directory that will be prepended to files; b and c are files inside it
 Extra flags passed to tar
 Nothing; -cvjf only expects one parameter
10. Question ID 83

Given the command tar –cvjf homedirs.tbz /home, which of the following are
true?(choose two)

 The /home directory will be restored with the contents of homedirs.tbz

 Only files starting with /home will be extracted from the archive
 The command will print out each filename as it is processed
 Files that are present in the archive might overwrite files in /home
 The output file will be compressed
11. Question ID 84

You archived your users’ directories into a file called backup.tar.gz. You then
view the archive and see the filenames follow this convention:

home/username/somefile

How will you extract just the files for the user called fred?

 tar –tzf /home/fred < backup.tar.gz

 tar –tjf backup.tar.gz /home/fred
 tar –xjf backup.tar.gz home/fred/
 tar –xzf backup.tar.gz home/fred/
 tar –xzf backup.tar.gz fred
12. Question ID 85

Which of the following commands will create a zipfile with the contents of your
Documents directory?

 zip –cf mydocs.zip Documents

 zip –c mydocs.zip Documents
 zip -r mydocs.zip Documents
 zip mydocs.zip Documents
 zip –f mydocs.zip Documents

13. Question ID 86

Given a file called documents.zip, how can you see what’s in it without
extracting the files?

 showzip documents.zip
 zip –lf documents.zip
 zip –l documents.zip
 unzip –list documents.zip
 unzip –l documents.zip
14. Question ID 87

Given a file called documents.zip, how can you extract just the files under
ProjectX?

 zip –x documents.zip ProjectX

 unzip documents.zip | grep ProjectX
 unzip –t documents.zip ProjectX
 unzip documents.zip ProjectX
 unzip documents.zip ProjectX/*
15. Question ID 88

You try to compress a file that is already compressed. Which of the following
statements is true?

 The file will not be compressed any further than it already was
 The compression algorithm needs to be set to the “currently compressed” mode for it to be
compressed further
 The file will actually be uncompressed
 The file will be deleted
 The file changed while you were compressing it
16. Question ID 89

Which of the following commands can be used to compress a file?(choose three)

 bunzip2
 bzip2
 gzip
 cat
 zip
17. Question ID 90

The three main modes of tar are: (choose three)

 Copy
 List
 Compress
 Create
 Extract
18. Question ID 91

In the command tar –czf foo.tar.gz bar, what is the purpose of the f flag?

 Tells tar to read from the file that follows the flag
 Tells tar to print the name of each file as it is processed
 Tells tar to copy only files, and not directories
  Specifies extra compression is to be used
 Tells tar to write to the file that follows the flag
19. Question ID 92

Which two commands do the same thing? (choose two)

 tar –czf foo.tar.gz foo

 tar –c foo | gzip > foo.tar.gz
 tar –xzf foo.tar.gz
 tar –x foo | gzip
 tar –tzf foo.tar.gz
20. Question ID 902

The _____ command is normally executed daily to update the database of all
files that are on the system.

 updatedb
 search
 locate
 find
Linux Essentials Chapter 8 Exam Answer

1. Question ID 93

Error messages generated by commands are sent where by default?

 Log files
 STDOUT
 STDERR
 STDIN
2. Question ID 94

A successful command will print output to STDOUT.

True or False?

 True
 False
3. Question ID 95

Which of the following commands will direct error messages to the file,
error.log?

(choose one)

 ls /root >> error.log

 ls /root 2> error.log
 ls /root $> error.log
 ls /root > error.log
4. Question ID 96

A pipe allows you to…

 …send the same input to multiple commands.

 …type multiple commands at one prompt.
 …send the output of one command to another.
 …send the output of a command to a file.
5. Question ID 97

Channel 2 is:

 STDIN
 STDALL
 STDOUT
 STDERR
6. Question ID 98
 Which of the following commands will append its output to output.file?

 echo Testing > output.file

 echo Testing >> output.file
 output.file < echo Testing
 echo Testing -> output.file
7. Question ID 99

Which command(s) can be used to sort the lines of list.file alphabetically and
display it on the screen?

(choose two)

 sort < list.file

 cat list.file | sort
 cat list.file >> sort
 echo list.file > sort
8. Question ID 100

Which option of the head command will display only the first five lines of a file?

 -l 5
 No option needed; head displays only five lines by default.
 -n
 -n 5

9. Question ID 101

The grep command…

 …will display all the lines that begin with the specified Regular Expression.
 …is not case sensitive.
 …will display all the lines in a file containing the specified Regular Expression.
 …will display the line numbers in a file that contain a specified Regular Expression.
10. Question ID 102

The grep command can be used with glob characters.

True or False?

 True
 False
11. Question ID 103

Which of the following commands will display only lines that begin with start?


grep *start file.txt

grep $start file.txt

grep start file.txt

grep ^start file.txt
12. Question ID 104

Which of the following commands will display only lines that begin with test?

 grep ^test file.txt

 grep $test* file.txt
 grep *test file.txt
 grep &test file.txt

13. Question ID 105

Which of the following commands will display lines that contain either start or
end?

 egrep start end file.txt

 egrep ‘start|end’ file.txt
 egrep start&end file.txt
 egrep (start|end) file.txt
14.

Question ID 106

Which of the following commands can be used to scroll through a text file?

(choose two)


some

less

cat

more
15. Question ID 107

The find command can search for files based on the size of the file.

True or False?

 True
  False

16. Question ID 108

Which of the following commands scans the file to determine file locations?

 search
 locate
 where
 find
17. Question ID 109

Which option for the cut command is used to specify a delimiter?

 -f
 -d
 =
 -D
18. Question ID 110

Which option for the cut command is used to specify the field?

 -D
 -f
 -d
 #
19. Question ID 111

Which option for the wc command will print the number of lines in a file?

 -l
 -w
 -C
 -L
20. Question ID 112

Which option for the wc command will print the total number of words in a file?

 -l
 -L
 -C
 -w
21. Question ID 113

Which command can be used to print line numbers?

  num
 sort
 ln
 nl
22. Question ID 114

The command echo “text” > file.txt will create file.txt if it does not already exist.

True or False?

 True
 False
23. Question ID 115

The command echo “text” > file.txt will not overwrite file.txt if it already exists.

True or False?

 True
 False
24. Question ID 116

The command echo “text” >> file.txt will not overwrite file.txt if it already exists.

True or False?

 True
 False
Linux Essentials Midterm Exam Modules 1 – 8 Answer

1. Question ID 42

To go to the end of an info page, press:

 END
 n
 N
 ]
2. Question ID 43

To go to the next match of a search on a man page, press:

 ]
 n
 N
 }
3. Question ID 44

When interpreting the SYNOPSIS of a command found on a man page, the “|”
means:

 The items it separates can be used together

 The items it separates cannot be used together
4. Question ID 45

After performing a search, you can use the ____ key to return to a previously
found match:

 n
 N
 D
 U
5. Question ID 46

To move a page forward one at a time while viewing a man page, press the
following:

 Spacebar
 m
 a
 Enter
6. Question ID 59

The ls command without options or arguments…

  …lists the contents of the current directory.
 …prompts for a directory to list.
 …lists the contents of a user’s home directory.
 …generates an error as this command requires arguments.
7. Question ID 68

Which option can be used with the rm command to prompt before deleting?

 I
 -i
 -P
 A
8. Question ID 69

The rm command can delete multiple files at once.

True or False?

 True
 False
9. Question ID 70

Which of the following commands can be used to rename a file?

 name
 rn
 mv
 cp
10. Question ID 72

The touch command can be used to:

(choose two)

 Update the time stamp of existing files

 Create new files
 Change a file’s name
 Change ownership of a file
11. Question ID 88

You try to compress a file that is already compressed. Which of the following
statements is true?

 The file will not be compressed any further than it already was
 The file changed while you were compressing it
 The file will actually be uncompressed
 The compression algorithm needs to be set to the “currently compressed” mode for it to be
compressed further
  The file will be deleted
12. Question ID 89

Which of the following commands can be used to compress a file?

(choose three)

 bunzip2
 zip
 bzip2
 cat
 gzip
13. Question ID 90

The three main modes of tar are:

(choose three)

 Extract
 Copy
 Compress
 List
 Create
14. Question ID 91

In the command tar –czf foo.tar.gz bar, what is the purpose of the f flag?

 Tells tar to copy only files, and not directories

 Tells tar to read from the file that follows the flag
 Tells tar to print the name of each file as it is processed
 Specifies extra compression is to be used
 Tells tar to write to the file that follows the flag
15. Question ID 92

Which two commands do the same thing?

(choose two)

 tar –xzf foo.tar.gz

 tar –x foo | gzip
 tar –c foo | gzip > foo.tar.gz
 tar –tzf foo.tar.gz
 tar –czf foo.tar.gz foo
16. Question ID 112

Which option for the wc command will print the total number of words in a file?

 -l
  -L
 -w
 -C
17. Question ID 113

Which command can be used to print line numbers?

 num
 ln
 nl
 sort
18. Question ID 114

The command echo “text” > file.txt will create file.txt if it does not already exist.

True or False?

 True
 False
19. Question ID 115

The command echo “text” > file.txt will not overwrite file.txt if it already exists.

True or False?

 True
 False
20. Question ID 116

The command echo “text” >> file.txt will not overwrite file.txt if it already exists.

True or False?

 True
 False
21. Question ID 262

Software is backward compatible if:

 It still supports old file formats or applications

 If the next version still works the same way
 People still use old versions
 It works across Linux/Mac/Windows
 It can be upgraded without downtime
22. Question ID 263

Apple’s OS X is:
 (choose three)

 Derived from Linux

 Only compatible with Apple hardware
 Able to natively run Windows binaries
 Derived from FreeBSD
 Certified as UNIX compatible
 Primarily used to manage network services
23. Question ID 264

Microsoft Windows:

(choose three)

 Has a short maintenance cycle

 Comes in desktop and server variants
 Has built in virtualization
 Has a new desktop version every year.
 Has a Linux compatibility mode
 Has powerful scripting capabilities
24. Question ID 265

Other commercial Unixes:

(choose two)

 Are almost obsolete

 Are tied to their vendor’s hardware
 Use completely different commands than Linux
 Are UNIX certified
 Do not run the GNU tools
25. Question ID 266

When choosing a distribution of Linux, you should consider:

(choose five)

 Which management tools are provided by the distribution

 Which distributions are supported by the software you need to run
 Popularity on social media.
 The maintenance cycle of the distribution
 If you need support on the distribution itself
 Whether or not the distribution is under active development
26. Question ID 302

The difference between the GPL and LGPL licenses are:

 LGPL allows you to distribute the software in binary-only form

  LGPL is shorter than GPL
 LGPL allows linking to non GPLed software
 LGPL applies to web services
 LGPL was made by the OSI while GPL was made by the FSF
27. Question ID 303

Permissive free software licenses:

(choose three)

 Can allow software to be used inside closed source software

 Are not approved by the OSI
 Are not approved by the FSF
 Include the GPLv2 and BSD
 Don’t have a copyleft provision
28. Question ID 304

The Creative Commons version of Public Domain licensing is:

 Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike
 Attribution-NonCommercial
 NoAttribution-ShareAlike
 No Rights Reserved
 Attribution
29. Question ID 305

Your company makes a hardware firewall that runs a custom Linux kernel. What
are your obligations under GPLv2?

 There are no requirements

 You must make the source to your custom web interface available
 You must make your hardware designs available
 You must make the source to your kernel available
 You must ensure your custom kernel runs on a regular Intel machine
30. Question ID 306

Participating in open source projects can improve your technical skills, even if it
is not your day job.

True or False?

 True
 False
31. Question ID 322

What are tradeoffs of increasing the level of privacy you have in your web
browser?
 (choose two)

 You may get viruses

 Sites may not work properly
 Websites may load slower
 Images won’t load properly
 You may have to explicitly permit some cookies to be saved
32. Question ID 323

Which of the following is a tool that helps you anonymize your Internet
browsing?

 CookieCleaner
 Web proxy
 The onion router
 AnonFirefox
 iptables
33. Question ID 324

Social network “like” buttons can track your activity across the Internet.

True or False?

 True
 False
34. Question ID 325

Which of the following are properties of a strong password?

(choose three)

 A mix of upper and lower case

 Long so that it can be reused on multiple sites
 Includes symbols
 At least 10 characters long
 Based on easy to remember items like birthdays
35. Question ID 326

What can be done to prevent remote people from running programs on your
computer?

(choose two)

 Don’t use wireless networks – only wired

 Use strong passwords on all user accounts
 Turn on a firewall
 Block third party cookies
 Block all cookies
36. Question ID 343

The acronym CLI stands for:

 Computer Link Interpreter

 Command Line Interpreter
 Computer Line Interface
 Command Line Interface
37. Question ID 344

Traditional UNIX command options used a single dash, like -a; _______
command options use two dashes like –all.

 LINUX
 Kernel
 GNU
 shell
38. Question ID 345

The acronym GNU stands for:

 Gnu’s Not Unix

 Go Next Unit
 Gnu’s Nearly Unix
 Good News Unix
39. Question ID 346

What one character treats the character that follows it as if it was surrounded by
single quotes?

 /
 %
 \
 #
40. Question ID 347

The main purpose of using glob characters is to be able to provide a command a

list of filenames.

True or False?

 True
 False