An Investigatory Project
On
“LOGIC GATES “
For the partial fulfillment of
AISSCE Physics Practical Examination-2019
Prepared By:
Name :
Class /Sec :
Roll No :
Board Roll No. :
Guided By:
Mr. Subrat Ranjan Pathi, PGT Physics
Mr. Purna Chandra Bhuyan, PGT Physics
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that Master …………………………………………………………
of std. XII ‘……’, Roll No. ------ of D.A.V Public School, Berhampur (GM), has
successfully completed the investigatory project on
‘Light Dependent Resistor (LDR)‘ under guidance of Mr. Subrat Ranjan
Pathi , PGT Physics and Mr. Purna Chandra Bhuyan , PGT Physics for the
partial fulfillment of AISSCE Physics Practical Examination -2019.
Signature of Subject Teacher
Signature of Internal Examiner Signature of External Examiner
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
INDEX
SL. CONTENT Page
No. no.
1 Objective 1
2 Apparatus Required 2
3 Theory 3
4 Circuit diagram 4
5 Conclusion
6 Precaution
7 Sources of error
8 Bibliography
OBJECTIVE
To design basic logic gates and their combination form
NAND and NOR gate with appropriate truth table
APPARATUS
I) 2 battery of 9V
II) 09 switches
III) 10 LEDs
IV) Connecting wires
V) Hard board
THEORY
The three logic gates and their combination
are the building block of the digital circuit.
I. OR-gate :
A logic gate in which the output is high, if at least one input is high.
SYMBOL:
Truth table
INPUT OUTPUT
A B Y=A+B
0 0 0
0 1 1
1 0 1
1 1 1
II. AND-gate
A logic gate which gives high output is, only if all inputs are high.
SYMBOL
TRUTH TABLE
INPUT OUTPUT
A B Y=A.B
0 0 0
0 1 0
1 0 0
1 1 1
III. NOT-gate
A logic gate which gives high output is, input is low and vice versa.
SYMBOL
TRUTH TABLE
INPUT OUTPUT
A Y=A’
0 1
1 0
IV. NAND-gate
When the out of an AND gate given as input to a NOT gate , the
system so obtained known as NAND gate.
SYMBOL
TRUTH TABLE
INPUT OUTPUT
A B Y’=A.B Y=(A.B)’
0 0 0 1
0 1 0 1
1 0 0 1
1 1 1 0
V. NOR-gate
When the out of an OR gate given as input to a NOT gate , the system
so obtained known as NAND gate.
SYMBOL
TRUTH TABLE
INPUT OUTPUT
A B Y’=A+B Y=(A+B)’
0 0 0 1
0 1 1 0
1 0 1 0
1 1 1 0
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
OR gate
AND gate
NOT gate
NAND gate
NOR gate
CONCLUSION:
PRECAUTION
SOURCES OF ERROR
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Cover Page (Photo Print glossy paper)