DECLARATION

We hereby declare that the mini project report entitled, ‘FM BUGGER
CIRCUIT’ has been completed and written by us for the fulfillment of term
work of T.Y. B.Tech (Electronics & Communication Technology) of degree
of Bachelor of Technology in Electronics & Communication Technology,
of Department of Technology, Shivaji University, Kolhapur. The contents
of this report are written by us and are not copied from any source or
published anywhere in any form prior to the submission, for the award of
any graduate/ post graduate course.

Miss. Asmita manohar bhosale.

( Name and signature)

Date: 12/04/2019

Place: DOT, KOLHAPUR

(Mr. UDAY A. PATIL)

Mini Project Guide
 CERTIFICATE

This is certified that following students of the B.Tech Electronics and

Communication Technology have completed their mini project work
entitled “ FM BUGGER CIRCUIT ”

This is in partial fulfillment of the term work required for T.Y.B.Tech

(Electronics & Communication Technology) of B.Tech Electronics and
Communication Technology degree offered by Department of Technology

, Shivaji University, Kolhapur.

NAME OF STUDENTS

1] Miss. Asmita manohar bhosale.

Date: 12/04/2019

(Mr. Uday A. Patil ) (Mr.S.B.Chavan)

Mini Project Guide Program Co-ordinator

Page ii
 CERTIFICATE

This is certified that the project work entitled ‘ FM BUGGER CIRCUIT ’

has assessed by me/us and found to be completed in all aspects for
fulfillment of work to be done under Mini Project head of Third Year
B.Tech (Electronics & Communication Technology) of degree of ‘Bachelor
of Technology’ in Electronics and Communication Technology,
ofDepartment of Technology, Shivaji University, Kolhapur. It is the result
of the work completed by

Miss. Asmita manohar bhosale.

Name & signatures of

MR. UDAY A. PATIL.

Date: 12/04/2019

Place: DOT, KOLHAPUR.

Page
iii
MINI PROJECTTITLE-

FM Bugger
circuit

Page
iv
ATTAINMENT OFCOURSE OUTCOMES

CO statements Attainment levels

Low Medium High
1 Understand fundamental stages in development of
electronics engineering projects.
2 Apply engineering knowledge for providing
technological solutions.
3 Simulate and design the circuits.
4 Work in team environment.
5 Prepare documentation and presentation.
6 Manage the project within time constraints.

Student signatures

1] Asmita Manohar Bhosale

Internal Examiner Project Guide Program Coordinator

B. Tech (E.C.T.)

Page v
 ATTAINMENT OF PROGRAM OUTCOMES
PO PO Statements Attainment level
No. Excellent Very good Good Average Poor
1 Apply the knowledge of fundamentals of mathematics, science and electronics
engineering to solve the complex engineering problems.
2 Identify, formulate, review research literature and analyze the problem using
knowledge of science and engineering.
3 Designing societal and environmental friendly systems and solutions for engineering
problems.
4 Applying research based knowledge and methods to solve the complex problems.
5 Application and use of modern engineering tools and techniques to solve real world
problems.
6 Applying knowledge for assessment of social, health, safety, legal and cultural issues
related to professional engineering practice.
7 Understanding the impact of professional engineering solutions in societal and
environmental contexts and to demonstrate the need of sustainable development.
8 Applying ethical principles and professional ethics while executing responsibilities.
9 Giving best performance as an individual and as a team member.
10 Effectively communicate the engineering activities with society and engineering
community using design documents, reports, presentations etc.
11 Applying principles of engineering and management for managing the projects.
12 Ability of life-long learning and adapting the technological changes.
Student signatures
1] Asmita Manohar Bhosale
Internal Examiner Project Guide Program Co-ordinator
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

WE WOULD LIKE TO THANK PROFESSOR FOR BEING AN

OUTSTANDING ADVISOR AND DR. DENNIS DERRICKSON
FOR HIS ENCOURAGEMENT THROUGHOUT THE
PROJECT. WE WOULD ALSO LIKE TO THANK JAIME
CARMO FOR ALL THE TOOLS, RESOURCES, AND
SERVICES THAT HE PROVIDED US IN ORDER TO
COMPLETE THIS PROJECT.
 LIST OF FIGURES
Chapter Figure Figure name Page No.
No. No.
4 1 FM bugger circuit diagram 9
4 2 Fm waves 11
4 3 Mic 12
4 4 Telescopic antenna 14

Page 2
 ABSTRACT

We know that bugger is a device which gives the

information of one person to other person in the remote location.
Normally bugger is used for finding out the status of the person
like where he is going, what he is talking etc. This is illegal but
most of spy agencies use this bugger. Here is small circuit with
which you can listen to another people conversation from long
distance using the normal FM radio set. This FM bugger circuit is
kept in room where you want listen the conversation. You can
listen to this conversation using the normal FM radio set.

Page 3
 INDEX
Chapter Name of Chapter Page numbers
No.

1 INTRODUCTION 5

2 COMPONENTS REQUIED 6

3 7
FM BUGGER BLOCK DIAGRAM
4 8 - 16
DESCRIPTION
5 OVERVIEW 17

6 USES 18

7 ADVANTAGES, DISADVANTAGES19 - 20
& APPLICATION

Page 4
 CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

A FM Bugger is a low power FM radio bugger, which allows

listening music or any other audio message from user, portable
media player or any other audio system which is used to be played
by a nearby FM radio. FM bugger consist of mice from where an
audio signal is transmitted to different section of bugger, after
processing the signal from these section it will transmit through
antenna and these signal catch by receiver side antenna.

We know that bugger is a device which gives the information of

one person to other person in the remote location. Normally
bugger is used for finding out the status of the person like where
he is going, what he is talking etc. This is illegal but most of spy
agencies use this bugger. Here is small circuit with which you can
listen to another people conversation from long distance using the
normal FM radio set. This FM bugger circuit is kept in room where
you want listen the conversation. You can listen to this
conversation using the normal FM radio set.

Page 5
 CHAPTER 2

COMPONENTS REQUIED

 Q1 - BC 547
 Q2 – C 3355
 Q3 – 2N 3866
 TR1,2 – 2022PE TRIMMER
 MIC
 R1 – 10K
 R2 – 15K
 R3 – 4.7K
 R4 – 4.7K
 R5 – 82E
 R6 – 1K
 R7 – 22E
 R8 – 1K
 C1 – 2.2/50V
 C2 – 1KPF
 C3 – 10PF
 C4 – 1KPF
 C5 – 10PF
 C6 – 1KPF
 C7 – 15PF
 C8 – 1KPF
 C9 – 1KPF
 C10 – 10KPF
 C11 – 15PF
 L1 – 4 TURN + 1 JUMPER
 L2 – 7 TURN
 L3 – 7 TURN
 L4 – 5 TURN
 9V DC POWER
 ANTENNA
 PI 06 HEATSINK

Page 6
 CHAPTER 3

FM BUGGER BLOCK DIAGRAM

TRANSMITTER SECTION :

Tank
circuit

Mic Mixer Antenna

RECEIVER SECTION :

Antenna FM Radio

Page 7
 CHAPTER 4

DESCRIPTION

 The circuit uses analogue modulation in which the carrier signal is

applied continuously to the message signal. Here, in our circuit, the
conversation of people is received by the MIC and give to the circuit is
modulated to the carrier signal and transmitted.
 There are different types of analogue modulation in which one type
of modulation is amplitude modulation, in which single side band
(SSB) modulation and double side band modulation will come and
another type of modulation is angular modulation in which the
frequency modulation, phase modulation will come. In this circuit FM
modulation is used. In FM modulation, frequency of the carrier signal
is varied in accordance to the instantaneous amplitude of the
modulating signal. Normal FM radio will use this type of modulation
to transmit there signals, frequency modulation will give high
throughput and efficiency when compared to amplitude modulation.
 MIC is placed in the room in which you want to listen to the
conversation of the people and MIC will decode the conversation in to
the signal which is given to the capacitor C1 where C1 is used for
removing the noise in and turn on the transistor.
 The tank circuit (capacitor C6 and L1) which produce the carrier
signal for the conversation or message signal, the transistor will
amplify the both the signals and send to air through the antenna. The
capacitor C4 is used to remove the noise in the transmitted signal.
 The capacitor C6 is variable because you can adjust the capacitor for
producing your own carrier signal. Remember carrier signal should
be in range of 88 to 105 MHz so that FM radio receiver set can receive
your transmitted signal.
 The FM radio receiver set is adjusted your frequency for listening to
the conversation.

Page 8
Fig.1 FM bugger circuit diagram

Page 9
1 . THEORY OF FM

From the block diagram we can easily understand that the message signal
or conversation signal is modulated with the carrier frequency which is
generated by the tank circuit. The message signal and carrier signal is
modulated by the transistor and transmit the modulated signal in the air
through the antenna. The modulated signal is received by the receiver
antenna and gives to the FM radio where the user can listen to the
conversation. User should adjust the receiver frequency in the radio for
receiving the signal from the bugger

The FM Bugger uses FM waves (frequency modulated waves) to send

sound. Frequency modulation transmits data (in our case an audio signal)
over a carrier wave by changing the frequency of the carrier wave, where
the frequency of the carrier wave corresponds to the voltage level of the
audio signal. In order to use electromagnetic transmission, the audio signal
must first be converted into an electric signal. The conversion is
accomplished by a transducer, in our case the microphone. After
conversion, the audio signal is used to modulate a carrier signal.

Page
10
 Fig.2 FM waves

The process of modulation means to systematically use the information

signal (what you want to transmit) to vary some parameter of the carrier
signal. The carrier signal can be a sinusoidal, as shown above, but in our
case the carrier signal will be a square-wave that is generated by a voltage-
controlled oscillator (VCO).

Page
11
2. MIC

A microphone, colloquially nicknamed mic or mike is a transducer that

converts sound into an electrical signal.

Microphones are used in many applications such as telephones, hearing

aids, public address systems for concert halls and public events, motion
picture production, live and recorded audio engineering, sound recording,
two-way radios, megaphones, radio and television broadcasting, and in
computers for recording voice, speech recognition, VoIP, and for non-
acoustic purposes such as ultrasonic sensors or knock sensors.

Several different types of microphone are in use, which employ different

methods to convert the air pressure variations of a sound wave to an
electrical signal. The most common are the dynamic microphone, which
uses a coil of wire suspended in a magnetic field; the condenser
microphone, which uses the vibrating diaphragm as a capacitor plate, and
the piezoelectric microphone, which uses a crystal of piezoelectric material.
Microphones typically need to be connected to a preamplifier before the
signal can be recorded or reproduced.

Fig.3 Mic

Page
12
3. ANTENNA

Telescopic Antenna
An antenna whose receiving or radiating elements, such as the arms of a
dipole, are made in the form of an extensible system of metal tubes or rods
of approximately equal length. Such a design facilitates changing the length
of the antenna elements during tuning and permits the size of the antenna
to be reduced when it is not in operation—for example, during transport or
storage.

For each pair of telescoping tubes, the interior diameter of the outer tube is
approximately equal to the exterior diameter of the inner tube. The tubes fit
into one another with some friction, which is needed to provide electrical
contact and to maintain the required length of each element of the
telescopic antenna under operating conditions—that is, under the action of
gravity or exposure to shaking or vibration. In some cases the required
position of the tubes may be fixed by additional means. For example, collet
chucks or springs may be employed.

Telescopic antennas are used principally in conjunction with radio

receivers, radio bugger-receivers, portable television receivers, and
television receivers installed in moving objects, such as automotive
vehicles; such antennas are also used as indoor television antennas.

Page
13
Fig .4 Telescopic Antenna

Page
14
4. Receiver
Radio or cell phone radio

A radio receiver is the opposite of a radio bugger. It uses an antenna to

capture radio waves, processes those waves to extract only those waves
that are vibrating at the desired frequency, extracts the audio signals that
were added to those waves, amplifies the audio signals, and finally plays
them on a speaker.

 Antenna: Captures the radio waves. Typically, the antenna is simply a

length of wire. When this wire is exposed to radio waves, the waves
induce a very small alternating current in the antenna.
 RF amplifier: A sensitive amplifier that amplifies the very weak radio
frequency (RF) signal from the antenna so that the signal can be
processed by the tuner.
 Tuner: A circuit that can extract signals of a particular frequency
from a mix of signals of different frequencies. On its own, the antenna
captures radio waves of all frequencies and sends them to the RF
amplifier, which dutifully amplifies them all.

Unless you want to listen to every radio channel at the same time, you
need a circuit that can pick out just the signals for the channel you
want to hear. That’s the role of the tuner.

The tuner usually employs the combination of an inductor (for

example, a coil) and a capacitor to form a circuit that resonates at a
particular frequency. This frequency, called the resonant frequency, is
determined by the values chosen for the coil and the capacitor. This
type of circuit tends to block any AC signals at a frequency above or
below the resonant frequency.

You can adjust the resonant frequency by varying the amount of

inductance in the coil or the capacitance of the capacitor. In simple
radio receiver circuits, the tuning is adjusted by varying the number
of turns of wire in the coil. More sophisticated tuners use a variable
capacitor (also called a tuning capacitor) to vary the frequency.

 Detector: Responsible for separating the audio information from the

carrier wave. For AM signals, this can be done with a diode that just
rectifies the alternating current signal. What’s left after the diode has
its way with the alternating current signal is a direct current signal

Page
15
 that can be fed to an audio amplifier circuit. For FM signals, the
detector circuit is a little more complicated.
 Audio amplifier: This component’s job is to amplify the weak signal
that comes from the detector so that it can be heard. This can be done
using a simple transistor amplifier circuit.

Of course, there are many variations on this basic radio receiver design.
Many receivers include additional filtering and tuning circuits to better lock
on to the intended frequency — or to produce better-quality audio output
— and exclude other signals. Still, these basic elements are found in most
receiver circuits.

Page
16
 CHAPTER 5

OVERVIEW

A personal FM bugger is a low-power FM radio bugger that broadcasts a

signal from a portable audio device (such as an MP3 player) to a standard FM
radio. Most of these buggers plug into the device's headphone jack and then
broadcast the signal over an FM broadcast band frequency, so that it can be
picked up by any nearby radio. This allows portable audio devices to make use
of the louder or better sound quality of a home audio system or car stereo
without requiring a wired connection. They are often used in cars but may also
be in fixed locations such as broadcasting from a computer sound card
throughout a building.

Being low-powered, most buggers typically have a short range of 100–300 feet
(30–100 metres), depending on the quality of the receiver, obstructions and
elevation. Typically they broadcast on any FM frequency from 87.5 to 108.0
MHz in most of the world, 76.0 - 95.0 MHz for Japan, 65.0 - 74.2 MHz for
Russia (or 88.1 to 107.9 MHz in the US and Canada).

Page
17
 CHAPTER 6

Uses

Personal FM buggers are commonly used as a workaround for playing portable

audio devices on car radios that don't have an Auxiliary "AUX" input jack or
Bluetooth audio connectivity. They are also used to broadcast a stationary
audio source, like a computer or a television, around a home. They can also be
used for low-power broadcasting and pirate radio but only to a very limited
audience in near proximity. They can also be used as a "talking sign" in real
estate sales or similar.

Page
18
 CHAPTER 7

Advantages:
 Easy to carry
 Low cost
 High mobility
 The efficiency of the transmitter is very high
 It has a large operating range
 This transmitter will reject the noise signal from an amplitude variation.

Disadvantages :

 Limited distance.
 The FM transmitter and receiver will tend to be more complex.
 Due to some interference there is poor quality in the received signals

Page
19
Application :

 The FM bugger are used in the homes like sound systems in halls to fill
the sound with the audio source.
 These are also used in the cars and fitness centers.
 It gives information of communicating persons without knowing that
persons.

Page
20
 EXPENDITURE ON MINI PROJECT

Sr. Item name Cost per unit Total cost

No.
1 PCB 250 250
2 TRANSISTOR 15 45
3 MIC 200 200
4 REGISTER 1 8
5 CAPASITOR 1 11
6 INDUCTOR 2 6
7 POWER SUPPLY 25 100
8 HEATSINK 15 15
9 ANTENNA 270 270
Total 905.00

Total expenditure on mini project is = Rs. 905.00/-

Page
21
 REFERENCES
[1] www.electronicshub.org
[2]www.wikipedia.org

Page
22