PRE-STRESSED CONCRETE

MSCE 514

PROBLEM SET 2

SUBMITTED BY

ENGR. ANDREA MAE SANCHEZ

SUBMITTED TO

ENGR. NELSON NOTARTE, M.ASEP

DATE OF SUBMISSION: 29 FEBRUARY 2020

Problem 1. Design a rectangular post tensioned concrete beam to carry a uniform live load
of 14.60 KN/m in addition to its own weight. The beam is simply supported over a 15 m span.
It is required that depth should not exceed twice the width. Using the Approximate Design
Method, determine the dimensions at midspan and amount of prestressing steel needed.
Allowable stresses for concrete and steel are 17.23 MPa and 1035 MPa respectively.

❖ Maximum moment due to Live Load @ midspan

2
wl (14.60) x (15)2
ML = = = 410.625 kN-m
8 8

❖ Computation of Zmin and section dimensions

ML 410.625 x 106
Zmin = = = 23, 831, 979.11 mm3
FC 17.23

H
> assume H=2B and = C1 = C2 (since section is rectangular)
2

1 1
BH3 B(2B)3
>Z= 12
= 12
= 23, 831, 979.11 mm3
C (B)

∴ B = 329. 42 ~ Use 350mm

H = 2B = 700mm
1
x350x7003
12
Z= = 28, 583, 333.33 mm3 > Zmin (Ok )
350

❖ Computation of Prestressing force and Area of Prestressing Steel

C 350
Preqd = A x Fc x H = (700)(350)(17.23)( 700 ) = 2, 110, 675 N
P 2110675
Apsreqd = Fps
= 1035
= 2, 039. 30 mm2
Using 7-strand, 7mmØ wires, nwire = 2, 039. 30 mm2 / (7*.25π*72) = 7.6 ~ 8pcs
Aps = 8 * (7*.25π*72) = 2, 155.13 mm2
Pactual = (2, 155.13 mm2 ) (1035) = 2, 230, 562.2 N

❖ Computation of eccentricity of prestressing force

Max. moment due to dead load, MD = (23.6)(350*700/10002)*152/8 =162.62 kN-m
ML C MD 410.625 x 106 350 162.62 x 106
e= x + = x + = 164.95 ~ 165 mm
P H P 2 230 562.2 700 2 230 562.2

❖ Checking of section adequacy

STRESSES (in Mpa)
Top Fiber Bottom Fiber
AXIAL 9.104 9.104 Since none of the total
Due to Prestress -12.876 12.876 stresses @ transfer and @
Due to Dead Load 5.689 -5.689 working conditions exceed
Due to Live Load 14.366 -14.366 17.23 MPa, the section is
Total @ Transfer 1.917 16.291 adequate.
Total @ Working 16.283 1.925
350mm
❖ Final Design Section

B = 350mm
H = 700mm
700mm

Aps = 8 pcs, 7-strand

7mm wires
165mm

e = 165mm
Problem 2. Design the beam in #1 using Balanced Design Method. Use the ff stresses:

Fct = Fcw = 14 MPa

Ftt = Ftw = - 1.00 MPa

Fs = 1035 MPa (steel)

Use unsymmetrical I section with 15% losses.

❖ Effectiveness of Prestress
n = 1-0.15 = 0.85

❖ Maximum moment due to Live Load @ midspan

2
wl (14.60) x (15)2
ML = = = 410.625 kN-m
8 8

❖ Computation of initial Z1 & Z2 required for trial section

Assuming MD = 40% of ML
(1-n)(MD )+ML (0.85x1.4x410.625) x 106
Z1 = = = 32, 905, 303.03 mm3
(Fcw -nFtt ) 14 - 0.85x(-1)

(1-n)(MD )+ML (0.85x1.4x410.625) x 106

Z2 = = = 37, 879, 360.47 mm3
(nFct -nFtw ) 0.85x14 - (-1)

❖ Trial Section modulus comparison

bf1 450mm
450mm
tf1 150mm
150

bw 300mm
hw 400mm
bf2 550mm
400mm
700mm

300mm
tf2 150mm
H 700mm

Aflange1 = 67500 mm2

150

Aweb = 120000 mm2

Aflange2 = 82500 mm2
Atotal = 270000 mm2 550mm

> Using Varignon’s theorem

C1 = 365.28mm
C2 = 334.72mm
> I = 13, 161.98x106 mm4
> Section Modulus Vs initial computation
Z1 = 36, 032, 794.68 mm3 > 32, 905, 303.03 mm3 (Ok )
Z2 = 39, 322, 095.44 mm3 > 37, 879, 360.47 mm3 (Ok )
> Minimum Section modulus using actual section wt.

MD = (23.6 * 270000/10002) * (152) / 8 = 179.2125 kN-m

(1-n)(MD )+ML (0.85 x 179.21 + 410.625) x 106

Z1 = = = 29, 461, 742.4 mm3
(Fcw -nFtt ) 14 - 0.85x(-1)

(1-n)(MD )+ML (0.85 x 179.21 + 410.625) x 106

Z2 = = = 33, 915, 261.6 mm3
(nFct -nFtw ) 0.85x14 - (-1)

> Section Modulus Vs req’d min. section modulus using actual wt.
Z1 = 36, 032, 794.68 mm3 > 29, 461, 742.4 mm3 (Ok )
Z2 = 39, 322, 095.44 mm3 > 33, 915, 261.6 mm3 (Ok )
 ❖ Computation for required Prestressing force and eccentricity
Combining eq. 1 and 2 (By addition)
2P 1 1 1 1
– Pe (𝑍 − 𝑍 )+MD(𝑍 − 𝑍 )=Ftt + Fct
A 1 2 1 2
2P 1 1
– (Pe - MD)(Z − Z )=Ftt + Fct (10)
A 1 2

Combining eq. 9 and 10 (By substituting Pe-MD)

2P 𝐹𝑐𝑡 −𝐹𝑡𝑡 1 1
– 1 1 (Z − Z )=Ftt + Fct
A + 1 2
𝑍1 𝑍2

𝐴 Z2 −Z1
∴ P = [(𝐹𝑐𝑡 − 𝐹𝑡𝑡 )(
2 Z2 +Z1
)+ Ftt + Fct

270000 39, 322, 095.44 -36, 032, 794.68

Preqd = 2
[(14+1) (39, 322, 095.44 +36, 032, 794.68
)-1+14] = 1, 843, 392.857 N

Apsreqd = 1, 843, 392.857 N / 1035 MPa = 1781.055901 mm2

Using 7-strand 5mm wires, nwire= 1781.055901 / (7*.25π*52) = 12.95 ~ 13pcs

Aps = 13 * (7*.25π*52) = 1786.78 mm2

P = 1786.78 mm2 * 1035 MPa = 1, 849, 318.15 N

Solving for e using eq. 9

1 1
(Pe - MD)(Z + Z )= Fct - Ftt
1 2

1 1
(1, 849, 318.15 e - 179.2125 x 106)(36, 032, 794.68 + 39, 322, 095.44 )= 14 + 1

e = 249.42 ~ 250mm

❖ Checking of section adequacy

STRESSES (in MPa)

Top Fiber Bottom Fiber
Axial 6.8 6.8
Due to Prestress -12.8 11.8
Due to Dead Load 5 -4.6
Due to Live Load 11.4 -10.4
@ Transfer -1 14
@ Working 11.3 0.81
Since none of the total stresses @ transfer and @ working conditions exceed -1MPa
for tension and 14 MPa for compression, the section is adequate.

❖ Final Design Section

450mm
150
365mm

400mm
700mm

300mm
N.A.
250mm

e=
Aps Aps = 13 pcs 7-strand
5mm wires
150

550mm
Problem 3. Design the beam in #1 using Balanced Design Method. Use the ff stresses:

Fct = 19.3 MPa Fcw = 22.1 MPa

Ftt =- 1.00 MPa Ftw = - 1.40 MPa

Fs = 1035 MPa (steel)

Use unsymmetrical I section with 15% losses.

❖ Effectiveness of Prestress
n = 1-0.15 = 0.85

❖ Maximum moment due to Live Load @ midspan

2
wl (14.60) x (15)2
ML = = = 410.625 kN-m
8 8

❖ Computation of initial Z1 & Z2 required for trial section

Assuming MD = 40% of ML
(1-n)(MD )+ML (0.85x1.4x410.625) x 106
Z1 = = = 18, 965, 686.27 mm3
(Fcw -nFtt ) 22.1 - 0.85x(-1)

(1-n)(MD )+ML (0.85x1.4x410.625) x 106

Z2 = = = 24, 446, 082.56 mm3
(nFct -nFtw ) 0.85x19.3 - (-1.4)

❖ Trial Section modulus comparison

75
bf1 350 350mm
tf1 75
bw 325
hw 400
400mm

325mm
600mm

bf2 550
tf2 125
H 600
125

Aflange1 = 26250 mm2

Aweb = 130000 mm2 550mm
Aflange2 = 68750 mm2
Atotal = 225000 mm2

> Using Varignon’s theorem

C1 = 327.5 mm
C2 = 272.5 mm
> I = 7, 432.97x106 mm4
> Section Modulus Vs initial computation
Z1 = 22, 696, 087.79 mm3 > 18, 965, 686.27 mm3 (Ok )
Z2 = 27, 276, 949.54 mm3 > 24, 446, 082.56 mm3 (Ok )
> Minimum Section modulus using actual section wt.

MD = (23.6 * 225000/10002) * (152) / 8 = 149.34 kN-m

(1-n)(MD )+ML (0.85 x 179.21 + 410.625) x 106

Z1 = = = 18, 868, 259.80 mm3
(Fcw -nFtt ) 14 - 0.85x(-1)

(1-n)(MD )+ML (0.85 x 179.21 + 410.625) x 106

Z2 = = = 24, 320, 503.37 mm3
(nFct -nFtw ) 0.85x14 - (-1)

> Section Modulus Vs req’d min. section modulus using actual wt.
Z1 = 22, 696, 087.79 mm3 > 18, 868, 259.80 mm3 (Ok )
Z2 = 27, 276, 949.54 mm3 > 24, 320, 503.37 mm3 (Ok )
 ❖ Computation for required Prestressing force and eccentricity
Combining eq. 1 and 2 (By addition)
2P 1 1 1 1
– Pe (𝑍 − 𝑍 )+MD(𝑍 − 𝑍 )=Ftt + Fct
A 1 2 1 2
2P 1 1
– (Pe - MD)(Z − Z )=Ftt + Fct (10)
A 1 2

Combining eq. 9 and 10 (By substituting Pe-MD)

2P 𝐹𝑐𝑡 −𝐹𝑡𝑡 1 1
– 1 1 (Z − Z )=Ftt + Fct
A + 1 2
𝑍1 𝑍2

𝐴 Z2 −Z1
∴ P = [(𝐹𝑐𝑡 − 𝐹𝑡𝑡 )(
2 Z2 +Z1
)+ Ftt + Fct

225000 27, 276, 949.54 -22, 696, 087.79

Preqd = 2
[(19.3+1) (27, 276, 949.54 + 22, 696, 087.79 )-1+19.3] = 2, 268, 093.75 N

Apsreqd = 2, 268, 093.75 N / 1035 MPa = 2, 191.39 mm2

Using 7-strand 5mm wires, nwire= 2, 191.39 / (7*.25π*52) = 12.95 ~ 16pcs

Aps = 16 * (7*.25π*52) = 2, 199.11 mm2

P = 2199.11 mm2 * 1035 MPa = 2, 276, 083.88 N

Solving for e using eq. 9

1 1
(Pe - MD)(Z + Z )= Fct - Ftt
1 2

1 1
(2, 276, 083.88 e - 149.34 x 106)(27, 276, 949.54 + 22, 696, 087.79)= 19.3 +1

e = 176.10 ~ 176mm

❖ Checking of section adequacy

STRESSES (in MPa)

Top Fiber Bottom Fiber
Axial 10.1 10.1
Due to Prestress -17.7 14.7
Due to Dead Load 6.6 -5.5
Due to Live Load 18.1 -15.1
@ Transfer -1 19.3
@ Working 18.24 0.48
Since none of the total stresses @ transfer conditions exceed -1MPa for tension and
19.3MPa for compression and @ working conditions exceed-1.4MPa for tension and
22.1MPa for compression, the section is adequate.
75

❖ Final Design Section 350mm

327.5

400mm

325mm
600mm

N.A.

Aps
176mm

Aps = 16 pcs 7-strand

125

e= 5mm wires

550mm