Decision making
if/else
The if block is used to specify the code to be executed if the condition specified
in if is true, the else block is executed otherwise.
#include <iostream>
using namespace std ;
int main () {
int age ;
cin >> age ;
if ( age >= 18 ) {
cout << "You can vote." ;
}
else {
cout << "Not eligible for voting." ;
}
return 0 ;
}
else if
To specify multiple if conditions, we first use if and then the consecutive
statements use else if.
#include <iostream>
using namespace std ;
int main () {
int x,y ;
cin >> x >> y ;
if ( x == y ) {
cout << "Both the numbers are equal" ;
}
else if ( x > y ) {
cout << "X is greater than Y" ;
}
else {
cout << "Y is greater than X" ;
}
return 0 ;
}
nested if
To specify conditions within conditions we make the use of nested ifs.
#include <iostream>
using namespace std ;
int main () {
int x,y ;
cin >> x >> y ;
if ( x == y ) {
cout << "Both the numbers are equal" ;
}
else {
if ( x > y ) {
cout << "X is greater than Y" ;
}
else {
cout << "Y is greater than X" ;
}
}
return 0 ;
}
Problems
1. Program to check if a number is even or odd.
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
int main(){
int n;
cin>>n;
if(n%2==0){
cout<<"Even"<<endl;
}
else{
cout<<"Odd"<<endl;
}
return 0;
}
2. Program to find maximum, minimum among two numbers.
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
int main(){
int n1,n2;
cin>>n1>>n2;
int max, min;
if(n1>n2){
max=n1;
min=n2;
}
else{
max=n2;
min=n1;
}
cout<<"Max= "<<max<<endl;
cout<<"Min= "<<min<<endl;
return 0;
}
3. Program to find the maximum among three numbers.
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
int main(){
int a,b,c;
cin>>a>>b>>c;
if(a>b){
if(a>c){
cout<<a<<endl;
}
else{
cout<<c<<endl;
}
}
else{
if(b>c){
cout<<b<<endl;
}
else{
cout<<c<<endl;
}
}
return 0;
}
4. Program to check if a triangle is scalene, isosceles or equilateral.
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
int sidea, sideb, sidec;
cout << "Input three sides of triangle: \n ";
cin >> sidea >> sideb >> sidec;
if (sidea == sideb && sideb == sidec)
{
cout << "This is an equilateral triangle. \n ";
}
else if (sidea == sideb || sidea == sidec || sideb == sidec)
{
cout << "This is an isosceles triangle. \n ";
}
else
{
cout << "This is a scalene triangle. \n ";
}
return 0;
}
5. Program to check if an alphabet is a vowel or a consonant.
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
char c;
int isLowercaseVowel, isUppercaseVowel;
cout << "Enter an alphabet: ";
cin >> c;
isLowercaseVowel = (c == 'a' || c == 'e' || c == 'i' || c == 'o' || c == 'u');
isUppercaseVowel = (c == 'A' || c == 'E' || c == 'I' || c == 'O' || c == 'U');
if (isLowercaseVowel || isUppercaseVowel)
cout << c << " is a vowel.";
else
cout << c << " is a consonant.";
return 0;
}
