Civil Engineering Programme Marks
DCC6223 – Design of Reinforced Concrete
Diploma of Civil Engineering, 5thSemester
Civil Engineering Department
Politeknik Merlimau, Melaka.
Reference Calculation Output
SPECIFICATION
Effective span, L = 4800 mm
Characteristics Actions:
Permanent, gk = 1.81 kN/m2
Variable, qk = 1.5 kN/m2
Design life = 50 Years
Fire resistance = R60
Exposure classes = XC1
Materials:
Characteristics strength of concrete, fck = 25 N/mm2
Characteristics strength of steel, fyk = 500 N/mm2
Characteristics strength of link, fyk = 500 N/mm2
Unit weight of reinforced concrete = 25 kN/m 3
Assumed: Ø bar1 = 12 mm
Ø bar2 = 10 mm
Ø link = 8 mm
Name: MUHAMMAD ZULFADZLI BIN AZMAN Matrix No.Programme:14DKA16F1122
Reference
ROOF BEAM
Reference Calculation Output
SIZE
Overall depth, h = L/13 = 4800/13 = 369 mm Use: b x h
Width, b = 0.4h = 0.4 x 369 = 148 mm = 150 x 400
DURABILITY, FIRE & BOND REQUIREMENTS.
Min. conc. cover regard to bond. Cmin.b = 12 mm
Min. conc. cover regard to durability, C min.dur = 15 mm
Min. required axis distance for R60 fire resistance.
asd = 40 + 10 = 50 mm
Min. concrete cover regard to fire.
Cmin = asd - Ø link – Ø bar1/2
= 50 – 8 – 12/2
= 36 mm
Allowance in design for deviation, ∆Cdev = 10 mm
Nominal cover.
Cnom = Cmin + ∆Cdev Use:
= 36 + 10 Cnom = 50 mm
= 46 mm
LOADING & ANALYSIS
Beam 6/F-G
Distribution of load from slabs to beam are as follows:
Panel 4-6/D-G: Ly/Lx = 4800/3300 = 1.455 < 2.0 Two-way slab
Panel 6-8/F-G: Ly/Lx = 3300/1800 = 1.832 < 2.0 Two-way slab
Characteristic permanent load:
Beam self-weight.
w0 = 25 x 0.055 x 0.138 = 0.19 kN/m
nlx 1.81 ( 1.8 )
w1= = = 1.086 kN/m
3 3
nlx Lx 2 1.81(3.3) 3.3 2
w2 =
6
[3− ( )
Ly
]=
6
[3−
4.8 ( )
] =2.516 kN/m
Gk = 3.792 kN/m
Characteristic variable load:
nlx 1.5 ( 1.8 )
w1= = = 0.9 kN/m
3 3
nlx Lx 2 1.5(3.3) 3.3 2
w2 =
6
[3− ( )
Ly
]=
6
[3−
4.8 ( )
] =2.085/m
Qk = 2.985 Kn/m
Total design load on beam6/F-G:
w= 1.35(Gk) + 1.5(Qk) = 1.35(3.792) + 1.5(2.985)
= 9.6 kN/m
wdL
Max shear force, Vmax =
2
9.6(1.8)
=
2
= 8.64 kN
wdL²
Max bending moment, Mmax =
8
9.6(1.8)²
=
8
= 3.89 kNm
Loads on beam 5-8/F-G
Distribution of load from slabs to beam are as follows:
Panel 4-6/D-G: Ly/Lx = 4800/3300 = 1.455 < 2.0 Two-way slab
Panel 6-8/F-G: Ly/Lx = 3300/1800 = 1.832 < 2.0 Two-way slab
Panel 6-8/G-J: Ly/Lx = 4800/3300 = 1.455 < 2.0 Two-way slab
Characteristic permanent load:
Beam self-weight.
w0 = 25 x 0.148 x 0.369 = 1.365 kN/m
nlx 1.81 ( 3.3 )
w1= = = 1.991 kN/m
3 3
nlx Lx 2 1.81(1.8) 1.8 2
w2 =
6
[3− ( )
Ly
]=
6
[3−
3.3( )]
+¿ =3.983 kN/m
G k = 7.339 kN/m
Characteristic variable load:
nlx 1.5 ( 3.3 )
w1= = = 1.65 kN/m
3 3
nlx Lx 2 1.5(1.8) 1.8 2
w2 =
6
[3− ( )
Ly
]=
6
[3−
3.3 ( )
]
+¿ =3.301kN/m
Q k = 4.951 kN/m
Total design load on beam 5-8/F-G:
w= 1.35(Gk) + 1.5(Qk) = 1.35(7.339) + 1.5(4.951)
= 17.335 kN/m
Max shear force, Vmax = 47.542 kN
Max bending moment, Mmax = 56.612kNm
Reference Calculation Output
MAIN REINFORCEMENT
d = h – Cnom – Ø link – Ø bar1/2
= 450 – 50 – 6 – 12/2
= 336 mm
Bending Moment, Mmax = 56.612 kNm
M
K =
fck bd ²
56.612 x 106
=
25 x 150 x 336 ²
= 0.134
K ≤ Kbal compression reinforcement is not required,
K
√
z = d [0.5 + (0.25−
1.134
)]
0.134
= 289.97 mm
√
= 336 [0.5 + (0.25−
1.134
)]
M
As =
0.87 fyk z Use: 4H 12
56.612 x 10 6 (452 mm2)
=
0.87 x 500 x 289.97
= 448.814 mm2
Minimum and maximum reinforcement area.
fctm
Asmin = 0.26 ( ) bd
fyk
2.6
= 0.26 ( ) bd
500
= 0.0014 bd
Use: = 0.0014 bd
= 0.0014 (150) (336)
= 68.141 mm2
Asmax = 0.04 Ac
= 0.04 bh
= 0.04 x 150 x 400
= 2400 mm2
Reference Calculation Output
SHEAR REINFORCEMENT
Design shear force, VEd = 47.542kN
Concrete strut capacity.
fck
0.36 bwd fck (1− )
VRd.max = 250
(cot θ+ tan θ)
25
0.36(150)(336)(25)(1− )
= 250
¿¿
= 140.579 kN → θ = 22 deg cot θ = 2.5
25
0.36(150)(336)(25)(1− )
= 250
¿¿
= 204.12 kN → θ = 45 deg cot θ = 1.0
VEd < VRd.max cot θ = 2.5
VEd < VRd.max cot θ = 1.0
→ Therefore angle θ < 22°
Shear links
πd ²
Asw = 2 [ ]
4
π (8)²
=2[ ]
4
= 101 mm2
Asw 0.513VEd
=
s fyk d
0.513(47.542 x 10 ³)
=
500 x 336
= 0.145
Use: H8 – 250
Try link : H8 Asw = 101 mm2
Asw
= 0.145
s
101
= 0.145
s
s = 696.6 mm
Max spacing, smax = 0.75d
= 0.75 x 388
= 291 mm
Minimum links
0.08 bw( √ fck )
Asw =
fyk Use: H8 – 250
0.08(150)( √ 25)
=
500
= 0.12
Try link : H8 Asw = 101 mm2
Asw
= 0.12
s
101
=s
0.12
s = 841.7 mm > 0.75d = 252 mm
Reference Calculation Output
Shear resistance of minimum links.
Vmin =( Asws ) x 0.78 d fyk cot θ
101
=(
250 )
x 0.78 x 336 x 500 x 2.5
= 132.35 kN
Links arrangement
(47.542−132.35)
47.542 kN x=
17.335
= -4.892 m
47.542 kN
H8 – 250
Additional longitudinal reinforcement
Additional tensile force.
∆Ftd = 0.5 VEd cot θ
= 0.5 (47.542)(2.5)
= 59.428 kN
Reference Calculation Output
DEFLECTION
Percentage of required tension reinforcement
As , req
ρ=
bd
448.814
=
150 x 336
= 0.009
Reference reinforcement ratio
ρo = √ fck 10-3
= √ 25 x 10-3
= 0.005
ρ > ρo
Factor for structural system, K = 1.0
l ρo 1 ρ'
d
= K [ 11 + 1.5 √ fck
= 1.0[11 + 4.17]
+
ρ−ρ ' 12 √
fck
√ ρ
]
= 15.17
Modification factor for span less than 7 m
= 7/7
=1m
Modification factor for steel area provided
As , prov
=
As , req
452
=
448.814
= 1.007 < 1.5
Therefore allowable span-effective depth ratio
l
= 15.17 x 1.0 x 1.007
d
= 15.3
Actual span-effective depth
4800 OK!
=
336
= 14.3 < 15.3
Reference Calculation Output
CRACKING
Limiting crack width, wmax = 0.4 mm
Steel stress
fyk Gk+ 0.3Qk 1
fs = x ( )
1.15 (1.35 Gk+1.5 Qk) δ
500 7.339+ 0.3(4.951)
= x x 1.0
1.15 (1.35(7.339)+1.5(4.951))
= 221 N/mm2
Max allowable clear bar spacing = 250 mm
Clear spacing.
150−2 ( 40 ) −2 ( 6 )−3 ( 12 )
s = OK!
2
= 61 mm < 250 mm
DETAILING
