

 

‫ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﺏ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ‬

 





Programming
Embedded Systems Microcontroller

You Can Practice Microcontroller Programming Easily Now!

WALID BALID, Tuesday, December 15, 2009
Practical Class 10 Programming Microcontrollers

Exp.28:Serial Communications RS485 RS485

 
  RS485

 RS485
          RS485  
 
A,B 
 VA>VB “1” VA<VB
 “1”“0”

 
 RS485
B A
                 
 

 RS485
RS485
ST TI MAXIM LTC
ST485 SN75176 MAX485 LTC485
:RS485
Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Eng. 213 Automatic Control & Automation Dept.
     

 RS485
SPECIFICATIONS RS232 RS423 RS422 RS485

Mode of Operation SINGLE-ENDED SINGLE-ENDED Differential Differential

Total Number of Drivers and 1DRIVER 1DRIVER 1DRIVER 32DRIVER
Receivers on One Line 1RECVR 10RECVR 10RECVR 32RECVR
Maximum Cable Length 50 FT 4000 FT 4000 FT 4000 FT
10Mb/s 10Mb/s
Maximum Data Rate 20kb/s 100kb/s
100Kb/s 100Kb/s
Maximum Driver Output Voltage ±25V ±6V -0.25V to +6V -7V to +12V
Driver Output Signal
Loaded ±5V to ±15V ±3.6V ±2.0V ±1.5V
Level (Loaded Min.)
Driver Output Signal
Unloaded ±25V ±6V ±6V ±6V
Level (Unloaded Max)
Driver Load Impedance (Ohms) 3k to 7k >=450 100 54
Max. Driver Current in
Power On N/A N/A N/A ±100uA
High Z State
Max. Driver Current in
Power Off ±6mA @ ±2v ±100uA ±100uA ±100uA
High Z State
Slew Rate (Max.) 30V/µS Adjustable N/A N/A
Receiver Input Voltage Range ±15V ±12V -10V to +10V -7V to +12V
Receiver Input Sensitivity ±3V ±200mV ±200mV ±200mV
Receiver Input Resistance (Ohms) 3k to 7k 4k min 4k min >=12k

 
 
            
 RS485

   

              
 
 
 214 
 Practical Class 10 Programming Microcontrollers

 RS485
B  A  
 

 

15Meter 
 Backbone with StubsDaisy Chain

 
 RS485

 

Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Eng. 215 Automatic Control & Automation Dept.
     

 

 RS485
 
PASSIVE DUPLEX CONTROL (AUTOMATIC ) ü
ACTIVE DUPLEX CONTROL (RTS Pin ) ü
RS485    RO, DI      Passive Duplex   ü
 DE/RE Driver
  
 
No data to send  §
             “1”
Idle

Master sends a request  §

     Start Bit       
Stop Bit
             Check sum 
Idle

 216 

Practical Class 10 Programming Microcontrollers

Slave sends a response  §

          add = 07   



 

RS485 Driver Active Duplex ü

  RTS Control
 
         No data to send     §
RTS
         “1”   


Master sends a request  §

     Start Bit       
Stop Bit
Check sum

Idle

Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Eng. 217 Automatic Control & Automation Dept.
    

Slave sends a response 

 add = 07



 

 RS232
 Advantages  Disadvantages
       ü System-to-System       ×
   Chip-2-Chip
 1200 ü .Chip-2-Sensor 
 100kb/s RS485<>TTL ×
  ü       
 ü 

:RS485MODBUS
         MODEBUS  
Multi Master/Slave
               
 
Master Device   MODEBUS        
 Slave Device

 Slave DeviceMaster DeviceQueryMODEBUS

Slave Function Start Start

Byte Count Data CRC
Address Code Address Hi Address Lo

 218 

 Practical Class 10 Programming Microcontrollers

Slave Function Byte Start Data CRC

Address Code Count Address Stream CRC Low CRC Hi
1 byte 1 byte 1 byte 2 byte 0 ~ 252 byte 1~2 byte

1~252Slave Address •
Function code •
Byte Count •
Start Address •
255 byte maxData Stream •
 Cyclic Redundancy CheckCRC •
 Inter-frame-time             
t3.5

 

 
Data
 t1.5

 

 
Inter-character time-out (t1.5) = 750μs
Inter-frame delay (t3.5) = 1.750ms

Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Eng. 219 Automatic Control & Automation Dept.
    

70Byte9600bps

 Slave address

 

70 ×8 = 560

× 1000 = .

   58ms             

 .t3.5= 1.75ms

 

Start Master

Set Control Pin

Waitms 10

Send Data Frame

Reset Control Pin

Waitms 100

End
 220 
Practical Class 10 Programming Microcontrollers

 
Start Slave

NO

UART INT

Yes

Byte1 is Disable UART

Slave ADD Wait 90ms

NO
Yes

Get the data at the 90ms

Passed?
UART Interface
(MSB First, LSB Last ) Yes

Enable UART

NO
Check Count
Check CRC

Programming
YES
OK
Ignore Data
Set Data Value

End

 MasterSlaveResponceMODEBUS
    Slave           
                
 

Slave Function Byte CRC

Address Code Count CRC Low CRC Hi
1 byte 1 byte 1 byte 1~2 byte

Slave
 CRC

Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Eng. 221 Automatic Control & Automation Dept.
     

 RS485|

Full-DuplexHalf-DuplexRS485
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  RS485

  

 222 

 Practical Class 10 Programming Microcontrollers

 UART<>RS458
Max485

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 
     
Config Print0 = Porte.2 , Mode = Set .RS485

“DE”“1”Config Print0

 “0”“DE”

“DE”
 

Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Eng. 223 Automatic Control & Automation Dept.
    

 Microcontroller is Master, PC is Slave

$regfile = "m128def.dat"
$crystal = 8000000  
$baud = 9600
'------------------
Config Print0 = Porte.2 , Mode = Set 
Config Pine.2 = Output
 DE
Config Pine.4 = Input  
Key1 Alias Pine.4
Porte.4 = 1
'------------------  
Dim Msg As String * 100
'------------------
Do
Debounce Key1 , 0 , Sendall , Sub
Loop
End
'------------------
Sendall:
Print "This is RS485 Test Program"
Print "RS458 Protocol Done Based-on MAX485"
Print "University of Aleppo - Syria"
Print "Faculty of Alectrical & Electronic Engineering"  
Print "Control Department"
Print "Fourth Year Students"
Print "Computer Aided Design Session"
Print "Unfutunality This Was The Last Session Lab"
Print "2nd Semester"
Print "See You Next Semester Guys ;)"
Print "Kindest Regards"
Print "Walid BALID"
Print ":) :) :) :) :) :) :) :) :) :) :) :)"
Wait 1
Return

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 224 

Practical Class 10 Programming Microcontrollers

 Microcontroller is Slave, PC is Master

$regfile = "m128def.dat"
$crystal = 8000000  
$baud = 9600
'-------------------------  DE
Config Porte.2 = Output
Config Print = Porte.2 , Mode = Reset  
Open "comd.3:9600,8,n,1" For Output As #1  UART
Open "comd.2:9600,8,n,1" For Input As #2  
Config Serialin = Buffered , Size = 250  
Enable Interrupts
'-------------------------  
Dim Msg As String * 250
'------------------------
Do  
If Ischarwaiting() = 1 Then
Input Msg
UART
Print #1 , Msg 
End If
Loop  UART
End

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Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Eng. 225 Automatic Control & Automation Dept.
    

 RS232<>RS458
RS232<>RS458

RS232<>RS458

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 226 

 Practical Class 10 Programming Microcontrollers

 RS232<>UART<>RS458
      RS232<>UART<>RS458      
 Max232 UART Max485
UART

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 RS232<>UART<>RS458

Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Eng. 227 Automatic Control & Automation Dept.
    

Exp.29:Serial Communications USB USB

 
  USB

  
        USB   
 USB

 USB
 480Mb/s ü
 . Plug & Play  ü
  ü
 127 ü

  :USB

 USB 1.0 & USB 1.1 & USB 2.0& USB 3.0USB

 USB 1.01.5 Mbits/s Low Speed §

USB 1.112 Mbits/s Full Speed §
.USB 2.0480 Mbits/s High Speed §
 .USB 3.04800 Mbits/s  §

     

 USB
 ”Host Controlled”  USB
       )   
          
 USB

 228 

 Practical Class 10 Programming Microcontrollers

”On-The-Go”
 

 USB
  ü
 ü

 HUB USB



 
 
 Plug& Play
 Plug & Play USB
  USB

 

 VID, PID 

 USB
 

Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Eng. 229 Automatic Control & Automation Dept.
    

 USB 
 USB
 A §
 B §


 

 D- & D++5v & GNDUSB

 VCC1
  D-2
  D+3
 
  GND4

  '1'       D+&D-  USB  
 D-  '0' D+ '1'
 

 :(Non Return to Zero Invert) NRZI

NRZIUSB
 

'0' '1''0'
 '1'

 

 '1'
 

 230 

 Practical Class 10 Programming Microcontrollers

 
 
  USB
 D- D+
D- .1
D+ .2
 .3

   
 USB
 USB
 USB

                USB Device USB 
USB Function Host Controller IC USB
 USB

 USBUSB Function

         USB Function  Endpoint  
EndpointUSB Function
 InOut
Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Eng. 231 Automatic Control & Automation Dept.
    

 USB  

 EP2 In

 USB Function  

 

 
 USB1  EP1 In
 USB1
[Addr : 2] [Endpoint : EP1] [In]

PipePipe

EP0 In & EP0 Out  Pipe0  Pipe  
 

 
 Pipe
 
Control Transfers §

 232 

Practical Class 10 Programming Microcontrollers

Interrupt Transfers §
Isochronous Transfers §
Bulk Transfers §

 USB
         Frame     USB  
 1ms  USB1.1, USB2.0
 125µs

Transaction 
 

 
              Token Packet


 In Token
 Synchronization .1
 
 Packet Identity PID .2
 
 128Address .3
 Endpoint .4
 5Cyclic Redundancy CheckCRC .5

 Out Token

 In Token

Control Transfer : Setup Token

 In Token

Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Eng. 233 Automatic Control & Automation Dept.
    

1ms±500ns: Start of frame Token

11Frame number

 Data Packet

Data0 .1
Data1 .2
16bitCRC1024bit

 

Handshake Packet
Acknowledge

Not acknowledge


Stall
 

 

 

 

 

 234 

 Practical Class 10 Programming Microcontrollers

 USB
 USB  USB 
 
 USBHardware .1
 . .2
              

 USB

 USB
UARTUSB

 USB

      FT232         
 FTDIUSB<>UART

HardwareUSB

USB
 

 D2XX driver & VCP driver

 
  .COM

 
Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Eng. 235 Automatic Control & Automation Dept.
    

 D2XX driver & VCP driver

D2XX.DLL Driver VCP Driver  

     
3MB 300 KB/s  
     

 Com USB :(Virtual Com Port) VCP

 ComUSB

   :D2XX.DLL

 DLL

 

 FT232BM
 ü
VCP& D2XX.DLLFTDI ü
USB1.1, USB2.0 ü
 ü
300kb~2Mb ü
384FIFO  ü

128FIFO  ü
VID, PID ü
 ü

USBUSB
  USB            
 USB

 236 

Practical Class 10 Programming Microcontrollers

 

 

 
  11 
 

                
PWREN#
 
Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Eng. 237 Automatic Control & Automation Dept.
    

 3ms Sleep mode  

Sleep=”1”
 

Wake up

 

 USB
 Serial Interface EngineSIE
USBUSB §
CRC §
Start Of Packet, End Of Packet, Resume, Reset  §
NRZI §
PID §

USB1.1USB Transceiver
  D+              USB2.0,
 

 FT232BM 
 6MHz48MHz
  EEPROM PID, VID 
 

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 238 

 Practical Class 10 Programming Microcontrollers

 RS232<>UART<>USB

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 RS232<>UART<>USB

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Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Eng. 239 Automatic Control & Automation Dept.