Interfacing I2C EEPROM

Description:

I²C is an abbreviation of Inter Integrated Circuit and is a protocol for serial communication between
Integrated Circuits, it is also called Two Wire Interface (TWI). The bus is used for communication between
microcontrollers and peripheral devices like memories, temperature sensors and I/O expanders. An
EEPROM is a Electrically Erasable and Programmable Read Only Memory.

EEPROM Model Size Internally Organized Address (hex)

AT24C01 128 Bytes 128 x 8 = 1024 bits 00000 >> 0007F
AT24C02 256 Bytes 256 x 8 = 2048 bits 00000 >> 000FF
AT24C04 512 Bytes 512 x 8 = 4096 bits 00000 >> 001FF
AT24C08 1 Kbyte 1024 x 8 = 8192 bits 00000 >> 003FF
AT24C16 2 Kbyte 2048 x 8 = 16384 bits 00000 >> 007FF
AT24C32 4 Kbyte 4096 x 8 = 32768 bits 00000 >> 00FFF
AT24C64 8 Kbyte 8192 x 8 = 65536 bits 00000 >> 01FFF
AT24C128 16 Kbyte 16384 x 8 = 131072 bits 00000 >> 03FFF
AT24C256 32 Kbyte 32768 x 8 = 262144 bits 00000 >> 07FFF
AT24C512 64 Kbyte 65536 x 8 = 524288 bits 00000 >> 0FFFF
AT24C1024 128 Kbyte 131072 x 8 = 1048576 bits 00000 >> 1FFFF

The communication of the bus goes along two lines: SDA (Serial Data) and SCL (Serial Clock). Each I²C
device has a unique 7-bit address (Device Select Code). The most significant bits are fixed and assigned to a
specific device category (e.g. b1010 is assigned to serial EEPROMS). The three less significant bits (A2,A1
and A0) are programmable and used to address the device. The three bits allows eight different I2C address
combinations and therefore allowing up to eight different devices of that type to operate on the same I2C-
bus. The I2C address is send in the 1st byte, the lest significant bit of the first byte is used to indicate if the
master is going to write(0) or read(1) from the slave.

The device that sends data along the bus is called master, a device that receives the data is called slave.
The master starts the transmission with a start signal and stops the transmission with a stop signal on the
SDA line. During the start and stop signals the SCL line has to be high. After the master has started the data-
transmission with a start signal, the master writes a device address byte to the slave. Each data byte has to
have a length of 8 bits. The slave has to acknowledge the reception of the data byte with a acknowledge-bit
(ACK).
A write operation requires a device address bytes, two address bytes and the data-byte. Upon receive of the
address the EEPROM sends an ACK and then clocks in the data-byte. The EEPROM sends again an ACK and
the microcontrollers sends a stop-signal to terminate the write sequence.

All devices from 32K – 512K will require no system changes and can be interchanged with only the page size
differences to consider.

Low Density Random Read:

Medium and High Density Random Read:

Software:

The BASCOM-AVR compiler is used to make a program that writes and reads one byte from the EEPROM.
BASCOM has several embedded commands to control the I2C bus.

In BASCOM-AVR you first have to configure the ports you use for the SDA and SCL lines of the I2C bus. Then
you send the device address to select the EEPROM that is connected to the I2C bus. After that you send two
bytes to the EEPROM to select the address in the EEPROM to which you want to write the data. The last byte
to send in a write sequence is the data byte.

$regfile = "m16def.dat"
$crystal = 2000000
$lib "I2C_TWI.LBX"
$baud = 9600
'---------------------------
Config Scl = Portc.0
Config Sda = Portc.1
Config Twi = 100000 '100KHZ
'---------------------------
Const Addressw = 160 '&B10100000 slave write address
Const Addressr = 161 '&B10100001 slave read address
'---------------------------
Dim Adres_h As Byte , Adres_l As Byte
Dim Rd_value As Byte , Wr_value As Byte
'---------------------------
Do
Input "Wr_value:" , Wr_value
Input "Adres_l:" , Adres_l
Input "Adres_h:" , Adres_h

Gosub Write_eeprom
Gosub Read_eeprom

Print "Error W: " ; Err

print "Wr_value: " ; Wr_value

Print "Error R: " ; Err

Print "Rd_value: " ; Rd_value
Loop
End
'---------------------------

Write_eeprom:
I2cstart 'Start condition
I2cwbyte Addressw 'Slave address
I2cwbyte Adres_h 'H address of EEPROM
I2cwbyte Adres_l 'L address of EEPROM
I2cwbyte Wr_value 'Value to write
I2cstop 'Stop condition
Waitms 10 'Wait for 10 milliseconds
Return
'---------------------------
Read_eeprom:
I2cstart 'Generate start
I2cwbyte Addressw 'Slave adsress
I2cwbyte Adres_h 'H address of EEPROM
I2cwbyte Adres_l 'L address of EEPROM
I2cstart 'Repeated start
I2cwbyte Addressr 'Slave address (read)
I2crbyte Rd_value , Nack 'Read byte
I2cstop 'Generate stop
Return
'---------------------------
 AT24C32 (4 Kbyte)
4096 * 8 = 32768 bits 0000 >> 0FFF 32 byte page

Saturday [128 Set] H0000&

x 4 = 215 Bytes 128

512Bytes
&H01FF
Sunday [128 Set] &H0200
x 4 = 215 Bytes 128

512Bytes
&H03FF
Monday [128 Set] &H0400
x 4 = 215 Bytes 128

512Bytes
&H05FF
Tuesday [128 Set] &H0600
x 4 = 215 Bytes 128

512Bytes
&H07FF
Wednesday [128 Set] &H0800
x 4 = 215 Bytes 128

512Bytes
&H09FF
Thursday [128 Set] &H0A00
x 4 = 215 Bytes 128

512Bytes
&H0BFF
Friday [128 Set] &H0C00
x 4 = 215 Bytes 128

512Bytes
&H0DFF
NON USED AREA &H0E00

512Bytes
[
H0FFF&