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 SSLC CHEMISTRY
CHAPTER WISE NOTE

MUHAMMED MUHSIN CK
9207010369.
muhsinckmuhammed@gamil.com
 Unit 1
Periodic table and electronic configuration
According to Bohr atom model the electrons are revolved around the nucleus in a fixed
circular path is called orbit. As the distance from the nucleus increases, the energy of electron
in the shell is increases and the attractive force between the nucleus and the electron
decreases.

Each shell contains only a certain number of electrons.

The maximum electron embedded in a shell =2n 2

n=shell number

The maximum electron embedded in 1 st shell(K) =2x12 =2

The maximum electron embedded in 2 nd shell (L)= 2x22=8
The Maximum electron at 3rd shell = 2x32=18

Electronic configuration of some element:

element Shell
K L M N
1H 1
2He 2
3Li 2 1
10Ne 2 8
11Na 2 8 1
12Cl 2 8 7

Elements and electronic configuration:

¾ Accordingly electron in each energy level are arranged in its sub energy level
¾ Each sub energy level in a shell is called a sub shell
¾ They are named as s p d & f

Shells and their sub shells:

Shell number K L M N
Sub shells s sp spd spdf

The sub shell s is common for every shell

each subshell must be accompanied by a shell number in front of the subshell to identify
which shell it belong.
Eg: s sub shell of the 1st shell = 1s
s sub shell of 2nd shell =2s
p sub shell of 2nd shell =2p
d sub shell of 3rd shell =3d

maximum number of electron in sub shell:

Sub shell s p d f
Maximum number of electron 2 6 10 14
that can be accommodated

Filling of electron in sub shell:

¾ Electron filling in different sub shells takes place in the increasing order of their
energies. That is the sub shell which has the lowest energy level is filled first.
¾ The increasing order of sub shell can be identify from the following diagram.

Eg: 1H the atomic number of hydrogen is 1.ie, hydrogen has only one electron.

There, the shell K contain electron of hydrogen. Corresponding sub shell is s

then we can write electronic configuration of hydrogen( 1H) as 1s1.

6C atomic number of carbon is 6. So it have 6 electrons.

The hell electronic configuration of carbon = 2,4
so we can write the sub shell electronic configuration of as = 1s2 2s2 2p2

When we write the sub shell wise electronic configuration, the number on the left
side of the sub shell denotes the shell number and the number on the top right
denotes the number of electrons.

Eg: sub shell

Shell number
1s1 number of electron
Sub shell electronic configuration of some elements:

Number Shell electronic

SI Element of configuration. Sub shell electronic
no electros. K L M N configuration
1 7 N 7 2 1s2 2s2 2p3
2 9F 9 2 7 1s2 2s2 2p5
3 11Na 11 2 8 1 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1
4 13Al 13 2 8 3 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p1
5 17Cl 17 2 8 7 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p5
6 18Ar 18 2 8 8 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6

Different way of representing sub shell electronic configuration of the element:

1) Based on the increasing order of the sub shell.
As we mention above sub shell which has the lowest energy is filled first
Eg: 25Mn 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d5

2) Based on the order of the shells.

In this methods different sub shells of the same shell are written in adjacent to each
other. Eg: 25Mn 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d5 we can write the same electronic
configuration as
25Mn 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d5 4s2 ( as the subshell of the same shell are
adjacent each other)
The shell electronic configuration of scandium( 21Sc) is 2,8,9,2 we know there are 18
electron can embedded in 3rd shell, let se why we write like this way.
Sub shell electronic configuration of 21Sc 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d1
based on this type of configuration we can write the electronic configuration of Sc as

21Sc 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d1 4s2

2 8 9 2

3)short form of sub shell electronic:

when we write the electronic configuration of of element we can represent as in short form by
using noble gas.
In this method the symbol of the noble gas preceding that element is written with in a
square bracket followed by square bracket followed by the electronic configuration of the
remaining sub shell.
Eg: atomic number of potassium(K) is 19. ie, it contains 19 electrons.
The electronic configuration of K is 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s1
Argon(Ar) is the noble gas just before the element K. and the electronic
configuration is Ar = 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6
then we can write the electronic configuration of K as follows
K = 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s1

K= [Ar] 4s1 K=[Ar] 4s1

Similarly, = 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2
20Ca [Ar] 4s2
2 2 6 2
12Mg = 1s 2s 2p 3s [Ne] 3s2
2 1
3Li = 1s 2s [He] 2s1
this type representation only by using noble gases.

Peculiarity of the electronic configuration of chromium(Cr) & copper(Cu):

we know the maximum number of electron in the d sub shell is 10. For the sub shell
electronic configuration of chromium and copper, the configuration with half filled (d 5) d sub
shell and completely filled(d10) sub shell shows greater stability.
Explanation: atomic number of chromium is 24. Electronic configuration written as
2 2 6 2 6 4 2
24Cr = 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 3d 4s .
To attain more stable configuration one electron is shifted from 4s to 3d sub shell.
then the new electronic configuration is 24Cr = 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d5 4s1.
As well as, atomic number of copper is 29. Electronic configuration is
2 2 6 2 6 9 2
29Cu = 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 3d 4s .
for the completely filling of d sub shell, one electron is shifted from 4s to 3d the new
configuration is like 29Cu = 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s1 .

¾ Like wise, for f sub shell f7 & f14 arrangement are more stable.

Subshell electronic configuration and block:

*Based on the sub shell electronic configuration, elements are classified into four
different blocks as s p d & f.
* The block to which the element belongs will be the same as the sub shell to which
the last electron is added.

Number of
Block Elements elements
s Block Group 1 & 2 elements. 14
p block Element in group 13 to group 18 36
d block Element in group 3 to group 12 40
f block The elements placed at the bottom of the 30
periodic table in two separate rows.
¾ s and p block elements are collectively called as representative elements.

sub shell electronic configuration and period:

the period number is same as the shell number of the outermost shell in the sub shell
electronic configuration.

Subshell electronic configuration and atomic number:

We can find the atomic number of an element from its electronic configuration. To
find atomic number , add the number given as superscript in the sub shell electronic
configuration of an element. which is equal to atomic number.
 SSLC CHEMISTRY
CHAPTER WISE QUESTIONS

PERIODIC TABLE AND

ELECTRONIC CONFIGURATION.

MUHAMMED MUHSIN CK
9207010369. 9946057991
muhsinckmuhammed@gamil.com
 Unit 1
Periodic table and electronic configuration
Questions

1) The maximum number of electrons are present in f sub shell?

(2,6,10,14)

Ans: 14

2) The 2 sub shell electronic configuration of cromium is given.

i) 1S2 2S2 2P6 3S2 3P6 3d4 4s2

ii)1S2 2S2 2P6 3S2 3P6 3d5 4s1 write reason to select this electronic configuration.

Ans: ii is correct the half filled or completely filled d block elements are more stable compare to other
configuration

3) The last sub shell of an element is 3p and there are 3 electrons in it.
a) Write the complete electronic configuration of the element?
b) Identify its group and period?
Ans: a) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p3
b) group= 15 & period =3

4) The atomic number of an element is 19.

a) Write the sub shell electronic configuration of the element?
b) Identify it group, period, block and oxidation umber.
c) Write any one characteristics of the block to which the element belong?
ANS: a) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s1
b) block=s period=4 group=1 oxidation number= +1
c) high atomic radius.

5) The outer most electronic configuration of element A (symbol is not real) is 3s2 3p4
a) which period belongs to the element?
b) Find the group number of the element?
c) What is the block to which the element belongs?
ANS: a) 3
b) 16
c) p block

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6) There are sub shell in shell around the nucleus.
a) What is the maximum number of electron that can be accommodated in d sub shell?
b) Write the possible sub shells in 3rd shell in the increasing order of energy?
c) Which the following is the outer most electronic configuration of copper?
(Cu=29) A: 3d9 4s2 . B: 3d10 4s1 . Justify your answer?
ANS: a) 10
b) 3s<3p<3d
c) B is correct. In d block elements the half filled (d5) or completely filled (d10) electronic
configuration of the element is more stable than other. So, to attain stable electronic configuration on
element shifted from 4s to 3d.

7) Electrons are situated at the sub shell of an atom

a) write the possible sub shell of 3rd shell ie, M shell
b) complete the following table.

Sub shell electronic The highest sub shell

element configuration number in electron is Period
filled
5X 1s2 2s2 2p1 2 2
11Y 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1 3 A
19Z B 4 C
ANS: a) s p d
b) A) 3 B) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s1 C) 4

8) Analyses the given table, and answer the following question.

Element( symbols Atomic Number

are not real)
P 11
Q 18
R 17
S 26

a) which is the noble gas element?

b) which element belongs to 1st group?
c) write the chemical formula of the new compound formed between P& R?
d) which element shows different electronic configuration.? write the electronic configuration of that
element?
ANS: The electronic configuration of these elements are
P = 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1
Q = 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6
R= 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p5
S = 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d6 4s2
a) Q (outer most sub shell contain 6 electron so group 6+12=18)
b) P (the elements belongs to s block and outermost sub shell contain only one electron)
c) oxidation state of P= +1 and oxidation state of R = -1 then the chemical formula of the new
 compound is PR.
d) S . the electronic configuration is 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d6 4s2

9) Which sub shell is common for every shell?

ANS: s

10) Lanthanoids: 6th period actinoids: ………………

ANS: 7th period

11) How many electrons are present in the outermost sub shell electronic configuration of noble gas
(except He) [2,6,10,14]
ANS: 6

12) Pick out the wrong sub shell electronic configuration from these given below?
(2p 6s 3f 5d 4s 1p)
ANS: 3f & 1p

13) How many electrons are present in the outer most sub shell of 17th group element?
ANS: 5

14) The sub shell electronic configuration of some element is given blow.
X- [Ne] 3s2 3p1
Y-[Ar] 4s1
Z-[Ar] 3d6 4s2
a) write the complete electronic configuration of element Y?
b) which elements shows different oxidation state?
c) find group number of the element?
d) write the chemical formula of the compound when element Y is reacting with oxygen?
ANS: a) 1s 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s1
2

b) Z c) 8 d) Y2O

15) Two compounds of Fe are given

FeCl2 FeCl3 (oxidation state of Fe= -1)
a) in which compound Fe shows +2 oxidation state?
b) write the sub shell electronic configuration of Fe3+?
c) why transition element shows different oxidation state?
ANS: a) in FeCl2 Fe shows +2 oxidation state.
b) 26Fe = 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d6 4s2.
Fe3+ = 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d5.
c) In the case of transition elements the difference in the energy bet when the outer most sub shell
and the penultimate d sub shell is very small, hence under suitable condition the electron in d sub shell also
take part in chemical reaction. Hence transition elements shows variable oxidation state

16) The element X belongs to 16th group and element Y belongs to 1st group in periodic table.
a) find oxidation state of X & Y?
b) write the chemical formula of new compound, when reacting these compounds?
ANS: a) X= -2 Y=+1
b) Y2O

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17) The sub sell Electronic configuration of X2+ ion is 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6
a) find the atomic number of the element X ?
b) what is block to which element is belongs?
ANS: a) 20 b) s block

18) Given, sub shell electronic configuration of an element is [Ar] 3d5 4s1
a) in how many shell the electrons are occupied?
b) what is the sub shell to which the last electron is filled?
c) what is the atomic number of the element?
d) find the group number of the element?
ANS: a) 4
b) s
c) 26 d) 6

19) Based on the hints given,find out atomic number and sub shell electronic configuration of the
elements.(symbols are not real)
i) A- period 3 group 17 ii) B- period 4 group 6

ANS: A- atomic number 17 1S2 2S2 2P6 3S2 3P5

B- atomic number 24 1S2 2S2 2P6 3S2 3P6 4S1 3d5

20) When the last electron of an atom was filled in 3rd sub shell, the sub shell electronic configuration was
3d8. answer the following questions related to this atom .
a) complete sub shell electronic configuration
b) atomic number
c) block
d) period number
e) group number

ANS: a) 1S2 2S2 2P6 3S2 3P6 4S2 3d8

b) 28
c) d block
d) period - 4
e) 10

21) Pick out the wrong sub shell electronic configuration from those given below
1) 1S2 2S2 2P7 2) 1S2 2S2 2P2 3) 1S2 2S2 2P5 3S1
4) 1S2 2S2 2P6 3S2 3P6 3d5 4s1 6) 1S2 2S2 2P6 3S2 3P6 3d2 4s2

ANS: 1S2 2S2 2P7 1S2 2S2 2P5 3S1

22) The element X in group 17 has 3 shell, if so,

a) write the sub shell electronic configuration of the element.
b) write the period number?
c) what will be the chemical formula of the compound formed, if the element X has reacted with Y
of third period which contain one electron in the p sub shell?

ANS: a) 1S2 2S2 2P6 3S2 3P5

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 c) electronic configuration of element p is 1S2 2S2 2P6 3S2 3P1 its oxidation
number is +3 oxidation state of element X is -1. then its chemical formula is YX3

23) The element Cu with atomic number 29 undergoes chemical reaction to form an ion with oxidation
number +2.
a) write down the sub shell electronic configuration of this ion?
b) can this element shows variable valency? Why?
c) write down the chemical formula of one compound formed when this element react with
chlorine (17Cl)

ANS: a) Cu2+ 1S2 2S2 2P6 3S2 3P6 3d9

b) Yes. In the case of transition elements the difference in the energy bet when the outer most sub
shell and the penultimate d sub shell is very small, hence under suitable condition the electron in d sub shell
also take part in chemical reaction. Hence transition elements shows variable oxidation state
c) CuCl2

24) The atomic number of Fe is 26

a) in which period the element Fe belongs in periodic table?
b) what is the oxidation state of Fe in Fe2O3?
c) write down sub shell electronic configuration of this ion?

ANS: a) 8
b)Fe3+
c) Fe3+ = 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6

25) In some elements the last electrons are filled in penultimate sub shell
a) this type of elements are commonly known as……………?
b) write any two properties of this group elements?

ANS: a) transition elements

b) d block elements shows different oxidation state,
they can make coloured compounds

26) The outermost sub shell electronic configuration of an element is 3d5 4s2.
a) write down complete sub shell electronic configuration of this element
b) what is the atomic number of the element?
c) find its period and block?
d) why this element shows different oxidation state?

ANS: a) 1S2 2S2 2P6 3S2 3P6 3d5 4s2

b) 25
c) block - d period - 4
d) In the case of transition elements the difference in the energy bet when the outer most sub shell
and the penultimate d sub shell is very small, hence under suitable condition the electron in d sub shell also
take part in chemical reaction. Hence transition elements shows variable oxidation state

27) The sub shell electronic configuration of X3+ is 1S2 2S2 2P6 3S1
a) find atomic number of element x?
b) in which block element belongs to? for more material 9207010369
ANS: a) 14 b) p block

28) The electronic configuration of an element ends as 2p6

a) how many shells have this element?
b) what is the valency of the element?
c) what is the group and period of the element?

ANS: a) 2 shells
b) valency: 0
c) group: 18 period: 2

29) The sub shell electronic configuration of A3+ ion is 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d3
a) Find atomic number of the element A?
b) write sub shell electronic configuration of the element A?
c) write any two properties of the group in which the element belongs?

Ans: a) 24
b) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d5 4s1
c) shows different oxidation state, make coloured compounds.

30) the electronic configuration of some elements are given below

A- 1s2 2s2
B- 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d2 4s2.
C- 1s2 2s2 2p5
a) what are the possible oxidation state of element B?
b) write the chemical formula of the compound, which A & C are reacted?
ANS: a) +1, +2, +3, +4
b) oxidation state of A is +2 And oxidation state of B is -1 then chemical formula is AC2

31) ) Pick out the colored compound from the given bracket
(KCl, K2Cr2O7, KNO3, KClO3)
ANS: K2Cr2O7

32) two electronic configuration of element A (symbol is not real) given below
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d1 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s1
a) identify the correct electronic configuration?
b) write the period in witch the element is present in the periodic table?
c) consider another element C which sub shell configuration 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1.In which among the
atoms A&C the attraction of nucleus toward the outermost electron is more reason.
ANS: a) 2nd electronic configuration is correct.
b) 4th period
c) the attraction of outer most electron toward nucleus is more in C because the element C contain
only 3 shells. So, when distance decreases to outer most electron from nucleus the attractive force is high.

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33) Bohr models of two atom are given.

A B
a) What is the atomic number of A?
b) write the sub shell electronic configuration of atom B?
ANS: a) 11
b) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d6 4s1

34) CuCl and CuCl2 are the two compounds of copper.

a) identify the copper ions in each compounds?
b) write the valency of the copper in these compounds?
c) write sub shell electronic configuration of Cu3+ ions?
d) find group and period of copper? (atomic umber=29)
ANS: a) CuCl Cu+ CuCl2 Cu2+
b) CuCl valency of copper is +1 and in CuCl2 valency is +2
c) 1S2 2S2 2P6 3S2 3P6 3d8
d)group= 10+1= 11 period=4

35) match the following.

Element Outermost electronic Property

configuration
s 3p5 Majority of the compounds are
colored
p 3d4 4s2 It include lnthanoids and
actinoids
d 4f1 3d1 6s2 Small atomic radius in period
f 3s1 High electronegativity.

ANS:

Element Outermost electronic Property

configuration
s 3p5 Majority of the compounds are
colored
p 3d4 4s2 It include lnthanoids and
actinoids
d 4f1 3d1 6s2 Small atomic radius in period
f 3s1 High electro negativity.

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