2016
Cheat Sheet FOR
MATHEMATICS
“Specially Prepared For the Students of 12TH”
Since 2001
Rawat Tutorials
dd
“A team Of Enthusiastic & Experienced Professionals”
Anurag Chauhan
Anurag Chauhan 4/16/2016
Maths फररा
हमररर बचपन
𝑷 𝑳 𝑯 𝑲
𝑺𝒊𝒏𝜽 = = 𝑪𝒐𝒔𝒆𝒄𝜽 = =
𝑯 𝑲 𝑷 𝑳
𝑩 𝑨 𝑯 𝑲
𝑪𝒐𝒔𝜽 = = 𝑺𝒆𝒄𝜽 = =
𝑯 𝑲 𝑩 𝑨
𝑷 𝑳 𝑩 𝑨
𝑻𝒂𝒏𝜽 = = 𝑪𝒐𝒕𝜽 = =
𝑩 𝑨 𝑷 𝑳
PANDIT BADRI PRASAD
HAR HAR BOLE
𝟏 𝟏
𝑷 𝑩 𝑷 𝑳 𝑨 𝑳 𝐒𝐢𝐧θ = 𝐂𝐨𝐬𝐞𝐜θ =
− − − − 𝐂𝐨𝐬𝐞𝐜θ 𝐒𝐢𝐧θ
𝑯 𝑯 𝑩 𝑲 𝑲 𝑨
𝟏 𝟏
𝐂𝐨𝐬θ = 𝐒𝐞𝐜θ =
𝐒𝐞𝐜θ 𝐂𝐨𝐬θ
𝑺𝒊𝒏𝟐 𝜃 + 𝑪𝒐𝒔𝟐 𝜃 = 𝟏
𝟏 𝐒𝐢𝐧θ 𝐂𝐨𝐬θ 𝟏
𝐓𝐚𝐧θ = = 𝐂𝐨𝐭θ = =
𝑺𝒆𝒄𝟐 𝜃=1+𝑻𝒂𝒏𝟐 𝜃 𝐂𝐨𝐭θ 𝐂𝐨𝐬θ 𝐒𝐢𝐧θ 𝐓𝐚𝐧θ
𝑪𝒐𝒔𝒆𝒄𝟐 𝜃=1+𝑪𝒐𝒕𝟐 𝜃
𝑆𝑖𝑛 90 − 𝜃 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 90 − 𝜃 = 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝜃 tan 90 − 𝜃 = 𝑐𝑜𝑡𝜃
𝑐𝑜𝑠 90 − 𝜃 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 sec 90 − 𝜃 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐𝜃 cot(90- 𝜃) = 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃
2 Mathematics @ Its Best By “Anurag Chauhan” (9910-320-657) | Lets prepare for “100”
11th CLASS 𝟐𝝅 𝑹𝒂𝒅𝒊𝒂𝒏 = 𝟑𝟔𝟎 𝑫𝒆𝒈𝒓𝒆𝒆
𝝅 𝝅 𝑹𝒂𝒅𝒊𝒂𝒏 = 𝟏𝟖𝟎 𝑫𝒆𝒈𝒓𝒆𝒆 𝑙
Radian= Degree ×
𝟏𝟖𝟎 𝝅 𝝅
ɵ𝑪 = 𝑟
= 𝟑𝟎𝟎 , = 𝟗𝟎𝟎
𝟏𝟖𝟎 𝟔 𝟐
Degree = Radian× 𝝅 𝟑𝝅
𝝅 = 𝟒𝟓𝟎 , = 𝟐𝟕𝟎𝟎 𝜃 = 𝑨𝒏𝒈𝒍𝒆 𝒔𝒖𝒃𝒕𝒆𝒏𝒅𝒆𝒅 𝒂𝒕
𝟒 𝟐
𝟏𝟎 =𝟔𝟎′ or 60 minutes 𝝅
= 𝟔𝟎𝟎 , 𝟐𝝅 = 𝟑𝟔𝟎𝟎 𝒄𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒆𝒓 𝒊𝒏 𝒓𝒂𝒅𝒊𝒂𝒏𝒔
𝟑
𝒍 = 𝒍𝒆𝒏𝒈𝒕𝒉 𝒐𝒇 𝒂𝒓𝒄
′ ′′
𝟏 =𝟔𝟎 or 60 seconds
𝒓 = 𝒓𝒂𝒅𝒊𝒖𝒔
यरद रखनर
जब ANGLE RADIANS में ननकरलो तो 𝝅 की VALUEमत रखनर
जब ANGLE DEGREE में ननकरलो तो PUT 𝝅 = 𝟐𝟐 𝟕
जब ANGLE DEGREEमें ननकरलो तो ANSWER FRACTION यर DECIMAL में न रहे , CONVERT IT INTO MINUTES &
SECONDS
DEGREE को MINUTE में CHANGE करने के नलए 60 से MULITIPLY करो
MINUTE को DEGREE में CHANGE करने के नलए 60 से DIVIDE करो
Sin(90-x)= Cosx
Cos(180+x)= -Cosx
3π
Sec( − 2𝑥)= -Cosec 2x
2
Cot(2π-x)= -Cot x
Cosec(180-x)=cosecx
Cos(2π- 𝑥)= Cos x
सबसे पहले देखो AXIS
Tan(180+x)=tanx
If X-axis NO CHANGE
If Y-axis Change Function Sin(-x)= -Sinx
Sin Cos
Tan Cot Cosex(-x)= -Cosecx
Cosec Sec
Tan(-x)= -Tanx
फफर देखो QUADRANT Cot(-x)= -Cotx
“+” Anticlockwise
Cos(-x)= Cosx
“_“ Clockwise
Sec(-x)= Secx
3 Mathematics @ Its Best By “Anurag Chauhan” (9910-320-657) | Lets prepare for “100”
ADDITION / SUBTRACTION FORMULAE DOUBLE /TRIPLE ANGLE FORMULA
𝑺𝒊𝒏(𝑨 ± 𝑩) = 𝑺𝒊𝒏𝑨. 𝑪𝒐𝒔𝑩 ± 𝑪𝒐𝒔𝑨. 𝑺𝒊𝒏𝑩
𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝜃 = 2𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
𝑪𝒐𝒔 𝑨 ± 𝑩 = 𝑪𝒐𝒔𝑨. 𝑪𝒐𝒔𝑩 ∓ 𝑺𝒊𝒏𝑨. 𝑺𝒊𝒏𝑩
2𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃
𝑻𝒂𝒏𝑨 ± 𝑻𝒂𝒏𝑩 𝑆𝑖𝑛2𝜃 =
𝑻𝒂𝒏(𝑨 ± 𝑩) = 1 + tan2 𝜃
𝟏 ∓ 𝑻𝒂𝒏𝑨 𝑻𝒂𝒏𝑩
𝑪𝒐𝒕𝑨 𝑪𝒐𝒕𝑩 ∓ 𝟏
𝑪𝒐𝒕(𝑨 ± 𝑩) =
𝑪𝒐𝒕𝑩 ± 𝑪𝒐𝒕𝑨
𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝜃 = 1 − 2 sin2 𝜃
𝑺𝒊𝒏 𝑨 + 𝑩 𝑺𝒊𝒏 𝑨 − 𝑩 = 𝑺𝒊𝒏𝟐 𝑨 − 𝑺𝒊𝒏𝟐 𝑩
𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝜃 = 2 cos 2 𝜃 − 1
𝟐 𝟐
𝑪𝒐𝒔 𝑨 + 𝑩 𝑪𝒐𝒔 𝑨 − 𝑩 = 𝑪𝒐𝒔 𝑨 − 𝑺𝒊𝒏 𝑩
𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝜃 = cos 2 𝜃 − sin2 𝜃
𝑨+𝑩 𝑨−𝑩 1 − tan2 𝜃
𝒄𝒐𝒔𝑨 + 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝑩 = 𝟐𝑪𝒐𝒔 𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝜃 =
𝟐 𝟐 1 + tan2 𝜃
𝑨+𝑩 𝑨−𝑩
𝒄𝒐𝒔𝑨 − 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝑩 = −𝟐𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝒔𝒊𝒏
𝟐 𝟐 2𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃
𝑨+𝑩 𝑨−𝑩
𝑇𝑎𝑛2𝜃 =
𝒔𝒊𝒏𝑨 + 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝑩 = 𝟐𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝒄𝒐𝒔
1 − tan2 𝜃
𝟐 𝟐
𝒔𝒊𝒏𝑨 − 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝑩 = 𝟐𝑪𝒐𝒔
𝑨+𝑩
𝑺𝒊𝒏
𝑨−𝑩 𝑠𝑖𝑛3𝜃 = 3𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 − 4 sin3 𝜃
𝟐 𝟐
𝟐𝒄𝒐𝒔𝑨𝒄𝒐𝒔𝑩 = 𝑪𝒐𝒔 𝑨 + 𝑩 + 𝐜𝐨𝐬(𝑨 − 𝑩) 𝑐𝑜𝑠3𝜃 = 4 cos 3 𝜃 − 3𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
3𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃 − tan3 𝜃
−𝟐𝒔𝒊𝒏𝑨𝒔𝒊𝒏𝑩 = 𝑪𝒐𝒔 𝑨 + 𝑩 − 𝐜𝐨𝐬(𝑨 − 𝑩) 𝑡𝑎𝑛3𝜃 =
1 − 3 tan2 𝜃
𝟐𝒔𝒊𝒏𝑨𝒄𝒐𝒔𝑩 = 𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝑨 + 𝑩 + 𝐬𝐢𝐧(𝑨 − 𝑩)
Expression Substitution
𝟐 𝟐
IF 𝒂 − 𝒙 Put 𝒙 = 𝒂𝒔𝒊𝒏𝜽 𝒐𝒓 𝒂𝒄𝒐𝒔𝜽
𝟐𝒄𝒐𝒔𝑨𝒔𝒊𝒏𝑩 = 𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝑨 + 𝑩 − 𝐬𝐢𝐧(𝑨 − 𝑩)
जरदू IF 𝟏 − 𝒙𝟐 Put 𝒙 = 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝜽 𝒐𝒓 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝜽
𝑥
1 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 = 2 sin2 IF 𝒙𝟐 − 𝒂𝟐 Put 𝒙 = 𝒂𝒔𝒆𝒄𝜽 𝒐𝒓 𝒂𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒆𝒄𝜽
2
𝑥 IF 𝒙𝟐 − 𝟏 Put 𝒙 = 𝒔𝒆𝒄𝜽 𝒐𝒓 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒆𝒄𝜽
1 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 = 2 cos 2
2
𝑥 𝑥 IF 𝒙𝟐 + 𝒂𝟐 Put 𝒙 = 𝒂𝒕𝒂𝒏𝜽 𝒐𝒓 𝒂𝒄𝒐𝒕𝜽
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 = cos 2 − sin2
2 2
𝑥 𝑥 IF 𝒙𝟐 + 𝟏 Put 𝒙 = 𝒕𝒂𝒏𝜽 𝒐𝒓 𝒄𝒐𝒕𝜽
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 = 2𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑐𝑜𝑠
2 2
1 ± 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥 𝜋 𝒂−𝒙 𝒂+𝒙
= tan ± 𝑥 or Put 𝒙 = 𝒂𝒄𝒐𝒔𝟐𝜽
1 ∓ 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥 4 𝒂+𝒙 𝒂−𝒙
𝒂𝟐 −𝒙𝟐 (9910-320-657)
𝒂𝟐 +𝒙|𝟐 Lets prepare for “100”
4 Mathematics @ Its Best By “Anurag Chauhan” or Put 𝒙 = 𝒂𝟐 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝟐𝜽
𝒂𝟐 +𝒙𝟐 𝒂𝟐 −𝒙𝟐
GENERAL SOLUTIONS
If 𝑺𝒊𝒏𝑨 = 𝟎 , 𝑻𝒉𝒆𝒏 𝑨 = 𝒏𝝅
𝝅
If 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝑨 = 𝟎 , 𝑻𝒉𝒆𝒏 𝑨 = (𝟐𝒏 + 𝟏)
𝟐
If 𝑻𝒂𝒏𝑨 = 𝟎 , 𝑻𝒉𝒆𝒏 𝑨 = 𝒏𝝅
Sine Formula
If 𝑺𝒊𝒏𝑨 = 𝑺𝒊𝒏𝑩 , 𝑻𝒉𝒆𝒏 𝑨 = 𝒏𝝅 + −𝟏 𝒏 𝑩
If𝑪𝒐𝒔𝑨 = 𝑪𝒐𝒔𝑩, 𝑻𝒉𝒆𝒏 𝑨 = 𝟐𝒏𝝅 ± 𝑩
If 𝑻𝒂𝒏𝑨 = 𝑻𝒂𝒏𝑩, 𝑻𝒉𝒆𝒏 𝑨 = 𝒏𝝅 + 𝑩
𝒂 𝒃 𝒄 𝑨+𝑩+𝑪=𝛑
= = =𝒌 𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝑨 + 𝑩 = 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝑪
𝒔𝒊𝒏𝑨 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝑩 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝑪
𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝑩 + 𝑪 = 𝑺𝒊𝒏𝑨
𝒂 = 𝒌 𝑺𝒊𝒏𝑨 , 𝒃 = 𝒌 𝑺𝒊𝒏𝑩 , 𝒄 = 𝒌 𝑺𝒊𝒏𝑪
𝑺𝒊𝒏 𝑨 + 𝑪 = 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝑩
𝒔𝒊𝒏𝑨 = 𝒂𝑲 , 𝑺𝒊𝒏𝑩 = 𝒃𝑲 , 𝑺𝒊𝒏𝑪 = 𝒄𝑲
5 Mathematics @ Its Best By “Anurag Chauhan” (9910-320-657) | Lets prepare for “100”
Inverse Trigonometric functions
Function domain range Graph
−𝝅 𝝅
𝒚 = 𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝒙−𝟏 [ , ]
𝟐 𝟐
[-1,1]
𝒚 = 𝒄𝒐𝒔−𝟏 𝒙 [-1,1] [0, 𝝅]
−𝝅 𝝅
𝒚 = 𝒕𝒂𝒏 𝒙 −𝟏 R (
𝟐
, )
𝟐
−𝝅 𝝅
𝒚 = 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒆𝒄 𝒙 −𝟏 −∞, −𝟏 ∪ [𝟏, ∞) [ , ]-{0}
𝟐 𝟐
𝛑
𝒚 = 𝒔𝒆𝒄 𝒙 −𝟏 [0, 𝝅]-{ }
−∞, −𝟏 ∪ [𝟏, ∞) 𝟐
𝒚 = 𝒄𝒐𝒕−𝟏 𝒙 R (0, 𝝅)
6 Mathematics @ Its Best By “Anurag Chauhan” (9910-320-657) | Lets prepare for “100”
GROUP 1 Range GROUP 2 Range
−𝝅 𝝅
𝒚 = 𝒔𝒊𝒏−𝟏 𝒙 [ , ] 𝒚 = 𝒄𝒐𝒔−𝟏 𝒙 [0, 𝝅]
𝟐 𝟐
𝛑
𝒚 = 𝒕𝒂𝒏−𝟏 𝒙 (
−𝝅 𝝅
, ) 𝒚 = 𝒔𝒆𝒄−𝟏 𝒙 [0, 𝝅]-{ }
𝟐 𝟐 𝟐
𝒚 = 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒆𝒙−𝟏 𝒙 [
−𝝅 𝝅
, ]-{0} 𝒚 = 𝒄𝒐𝒕−𝟏 𝒙 (0, 𝝅)
𝟐 𝟐
−𝝅 𝝅
𝒔𝒊𝒏−𝟏 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒙 = 𝒙 If 𝒙𝝐 [ , ] 𝒄𝒐𝒔−𝟏 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒙 = 𝒙 If 𝒙𝝐 [0, 𝝅]
𝟐 𝟐
𝛑
𝒕𝒂𝒏 −𝟏
𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒙 = 𝒙 If 𝒙𝝐 (
−𝝅 𝝅
, ) 𝒔𝒆𝒄−𝟏 𝒔𝒆𝒄𝒙 = 𝒙 If 𝒙𝝐 [0, 𝝅]-{ }
𝟐 𝟐 𝟐
𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒆𝒙 −𝟏
𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒆𝒄𝒙 = 𝒙 If 𝒙𝝐 [
−𝝅 𝝅
, ]-{0} 𝒄𝒐𝒕−𝟏 𝒄𝒐𝒕𝒙 = 𝒙 If 𝒙𝝐 (0, 𝝅)
𝟐 𝟐
𝒔𝒊𝒏−𝟏 −𝒙 = −𝒔𝒊𝒏−𝟏 𝒙 if 𝒙𝝐[-1,1] 𝒄𝒐𝒔−𝟏 −𝒙 = 𝝅 − 𝒄𝒐𝒔−𝟏 𝒙 if 𝒙𝝐[-1,1]
𝒕𝒂𝒏−𝟏 −𝒙 = −𝒕𝒂𝒏−𝟏 𝒙 if 𝒙𝝐R 𝒄𝒐𝒕−𝟏 −𝒙 = 𝝅 − 𝒄𝒐𝒕−𝟏 𝒙 if 𝒙𝝐R
𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒆𝒙−𝟏 −𝒙 = −𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒆𝒙−𝟏 𝒙 If 𝒔𝒆𝒄−𝟏 −𝒙 = 𝝅 − 𝒔𝒆𝒄−𝟏 𝒙 if
𝐢𝐟 𝒙𝝐 −∞, −𝟏 ∪ [𝟏, ∞) 𝐢𝐟 𝒙𝝐 −∞, −𝟏 ∪ [𝟏, ∞)
𝝅 𝝅 𝝅
𝒔𝒊𝒏−𝟏 𝒙 + 𝒄𝒐𝒔−𝟏 𝒙 = 𝟐
, 𝒕𝒂𝒏−𝟏 𝒙 + 𝒄𝒐𝒕−𝟏 𝒙 = 𝟐
, 𝒔𝒆𝒄−𝟏 𝒙 + 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒆𝒄−𝟏 𝒙 = 𝟐
𝟏 𝒙+𝒚
𝒔𝒊𝒏−𝟏 = 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒆𝒄−𝟏 𝒙 , 𝒙 ≥ 𝟏 𝒕𝒂𝒏−𝟏 𝒙 + 𝒕𝒂𝒏−𝟏 𝒚 = 𝒕𝒂𝒏−𝟏 if xy<1
𝒙 𝟏−𝒙𝒚
𝟏 𝒙−𝒚
𝒄𝒐𝒔−𝟏 = 𝒔𝒆𝒄−𝟏 𝒙 , 𝒙 ≥ 𝟏 𝒕𝒂𝒏−𝟏 𝒙 − 𝒕𝒂𝒏−𝟏 𝒚 = 𝒕𝒂𝒏−𝟏 if xy>-1
𝒙 𝟏+𝒙𝒚
𝟏
𝒕𝒂𝒏−𝟏 = 𝒄𝒐𝒕−𝟏 𝒙 ,𝒙 > 0 𝒔𝒊𝒏−𝟏 𝒙 ± 𝒔𝒊𝒏−𝟏 𝒚 = 𝒔𝒊𝒏−𝟏 𝒙 𝟏 − 𝒚𝟐 ± 𝒚 𝟏 − 𝒙𝟐
𝒙
𝒄𝒐𝒔−𝟏 𝒙 ± 𝒄𝒐𝒔−𝟏 𝒚 = 𝒄𝒐𝒔−𝟏 𝒙𝒚 ∓ 𝟏 − 𝒙𝟐 𝟏 − 𝒚𝟐
2𝑥 2
−1 −1 −1 1−𝑥 2𝑥
2 tan 𝑥 = sin = cos = tan−1
1+𝑥 2 1+𝑥 2 1−𝑥 2
7 Mathematics @ Its Best By “Anurag Chauhan” (9910-320-657) | Lets prepare for “100”
Differentiation
𝑑𝑦
Derivative of y with respect to x is denoted by = 𝑦1 = 𝑦 ′ = 𝑓 ′ (𝑥)
𝑑𝑥
𝑑
𝑑𝑥
𝑆𝑖𝑛𝑥 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 Product Rule
𝑑 𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑣
𝑑
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 = −𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑢. 𝑣 = 𝑣 𝑑𝑥
+𝑢 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑥
Quotient rule
𝑑
𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥 = sec 2 𝑥 𝑣
𝑑𝑢
–𝑢
𝑑𝑣
𝑑𝑥 𝑑 𝑢 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
=
𝑑
𝑐𝑜𝑡𝑥 = −𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 𝑣 𝑣2
𝑑𝑥
𝑑
Chain RULE:
𝑆𝑒𝑐𝑥 = 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑥. 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥 P.F.A.
𝑑𝑥
𝑑
P=Power, F=Function , A=Angle
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑥 = −𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑥. 𝑐𝑜𝑡𝑥
𝑑𝑥
𝒅 𝟏 𝒅 −𝟏
𝑑 1 𝑺𝒊𝒏−𝟏 𝒙 = , 𝐜𝐨𝐬 −𝟏 𝒙 =
𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑥 = 𝒅𝒙 𝟏−𝒙𝟐 𝒅𝒙 𝟏−𝒙𝟐
𝑑𝑥 𝑥
𝒅 𝟏 𝒅 −𝟏
𝑑 𝑥 𝑥 𝑺𝒆𝒄−𝟏 𝒙 = , 𝐜𝐨𝐬𝐞𝐜 −𝟏 𝒙 =
𝑒 =𝑒 𝒅𝒙 𝒙 𝒙𝟐 −𝟏 𝒅𝒙 𝒙 𝒙𝟐 −𝟏
𝑑𝑥
𝒅 𝟏 𝒅 −𝟏
𝑑 𝑥 𝑥 𝐭𝐚𝐧−𝟏 𝒙 = , 𝐜𝐨𝐭 −𝟏 𝒙 =
𝑎 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑎 (𝑎 ) 𝒅𝒙 𝟏+𝒙𝟐 𝒅𝒙 𝟏+𝒙𝟐
𝑑𝑥
# 𝐥𝐨𝐠 𝒙𝒚 = 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝒙 + 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝒚
Log कब Use करनर है ???? # 𝐥𝐨𝐠
𝒙
= 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝒙 − 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝒚
𝒚
#जब भी फं क्शन की Power Variable हो # 𝒍𝒐𝒈(𝒙𝒏 ) = 𝒏𝒍𝒐𝒈𝒙
#जब भी बहुत सररे function mulitiplication/division में हो # 𝒆𝒍𝒐𝒈𝒙 = 𝒙
#simplification के नलए # log1=0
# 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝒆𝒙 = 𝒙
# log (e) =1
A Function f is said to be 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝒆 𝒙
# 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝒂 𝒙 =
Differentiable 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝒆 𝒂
# 𝒍𝒐𝒈(𝒂𝒃 ) 𝒙 = 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝒂 𝒙(𝟏 𝒃)
At 𝑥 = 𝑐 if LHD=RHD
# 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝒂 𝒙 × 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝒙 𝒂 = 𝟏
𝒇 𝒄−𝒉 −𝒇(𝒄) 𝒇 𝒄+𝒉 −𝒇(𝒄)
𝑖. 𝑒. 𝐥𝐢𝐦 = 𝐥𝐢𝐦 # 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝒂 𝒙 =
𝟏
𝐡→𝟎 −𝒉 𝐡→𝟎 𝒉 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝒙 𝒂
8 Mathematics @ Its Best By “Anurag Chauhan” (9910-320-657) | Lets prepare for “100”
INTEGRALS
𝑪𝒐𝒔𝒙𝒅𝒙 = 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒙 + 𝒄 𝟏 𝟏 𝒙−𝒂
𝒙𝟐 −𝒂 𝟐 𝒅𝒙 = 𝟐𝒂
𝒍𝒐𝒈
𝒙+𝒂
+𝒄
𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒙 𝒅𝒙 = −𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒙 + 𝒄
𝟏 𝟏 𝒂+𝒙
𝟐
𝒔𝒆𝒄 𝒙 = 𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒙 + 𝒄 𝒅𝒙 = 𝟐𝒂 𝒍𝒐𝒈 +𝒄
𝒂𝟐 −𝒙𝟐 𝒂−𝒙
𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒆𝒄𝟐 𝒙𝒅𝒙 = −𝒄𝒐𝒕𝒙 + 𝒄 𝟏 𝟏 𝒙
𝒅𝒙 = 𝒂 𝒕𝒂𝒏−𝟏 +𝒄
𝒙𝟐 +𝒂𝟐 𝒂
𝒔𝒆𝒄𝒙. 𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒙𝒅𝒙 = 𝒔𝒆𝒄𝒙 + 𝒄
𝟏
𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒆𝒄𝒙. 𝒄𝒐𝒕𝒙𝒅𝒙 = −𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒆𝒄𝒙 + 𝒄 𝒅𝒙 = 𝒍𝒐𝒈 𝒙 + 𝒙𝟐 − 𝒂𝟐 + 𝒄
𝒙𝟐 −𝒂𝟐
𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒙𝒅𝒙 = −𝒍𝒐𝒈 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒙 + 𝒄 𝟏
𝒅𝒙 = 𝒍𝒐𝒈 𝒙 + 𝒙 𝟐 + 𝒂𝟐 + 𝒄
𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒙𝒅𝒙 = 𝒍𝒐𝒈 𝒔𝒆𝒄𝒙 + 𝒄 𝒙𝟐 +𝒂 𝟐
𝟏 −𝟏 𝒙
𝒄𝒐𝒕𝒙𝒅𝒙 = 𝒍𝒐𝒈 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒙 + 𝒄 𝒅𝒙 = 𝒔𝒊𝒏 +𝒄
𝒂𝟐 −𝒙 𝟐 𝒂
𝒆𝒙 𝒅𝒙 = 𝒆𝒙 + 𝒄
𝒙
𝒂𝒙 PARTIAL FRACTION
𝒂 𝒅𝒙 = +𝒄
𝒍𝒐𝒈𝒂
(𝑝𝑥 +𝑞) 𝐴 𝐵 𝐶
𝟏
𝒅𝒙 = 𝒍𝒐𝒈 𝒙 + 𝒄
= + +
𝒙
𝑥+𝑎 𝑥+𝑏 (𝑥+𝑐) 𝑥+𝑎 𝑥+𝑏 𝑥+𝑐
𝒔𝒆𝒄𝒙𝒅𝒙 = 𝒍𝒐𝒈 𝒔𝒆𝒄𝒙 + 𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒙 + 𝒄 (𝑝𝑥 +𝑞) 𝐴 𝐵 𝐶
= + +
𝑥+𝑎 𝑥+𝑏 2 𝑥+𝑎 𝑥+𝑏 𝑥+𝑏 2
𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒆𝒄𝒙𝒅𝒙 = 𝒍𝒐𝒈 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒆𝒄𝒙 − 𝒄𝒐𝒕𝒙 + 𝒄
(𝑝𝑥 +𝑞) 𝐴 𝐵𝑥 +𝐶
By Parts = +
𝑥+𝑎 (𝑥 2 +𝑏) 𝑥+𝑎 𝑥 2 +𝑏
d
I. II 𝑑𝑥 = I IIdx − (I) IIdx 𝑑𝑥
dx
I.L.A.T.E 𝒙 𝒂𝟐
𝒙𝟐 − 𝒂𝟐 𝒅𝒙 = 𝒙𝟐 − 𝒂𝟐 − 𝒍𝒐𝒈 𝒙 + 𝒙𝟐 − 𝒂𝟐 + 𝒄
𝟐 𝟐
I-INVERSE
𝒙 𝒂𝟐
𝒙𝟐 + 𝒂𝟐 𝒅𝒙 = 𝒙𝟐 + 𝒂𝟐 + 𝒍𝒐𝒈 𝒙 + 𝒙𝟐 + 𝒂𝟐 + 𝒄
L-LOG 𝟐 𝟐
𝒙 𝒂𝟐 𝒙
A-ALGEBRIC 𝒂𝟐 − 𝒙𝟐 𝒅𝒙 = 𝒂 𝟐 − 𝒙𝟐 + 𝒔𝒊𝒏−𝟏 +𝒄
𝟐 𝟐 𝒂
T-TRIGONOMETRIC
𝒆𝒙 {𝒇 𝒙 + 𝒇′ 𝒙 } 𝒅𝒙 = 𝒆𝒙 𝒇 𝒙 + 𝒄
E-EXPONENTIAL
9 Mathematics @ Its Best By “Anurag Chauhan” (9910-320-657) | Lets prepare for “100”
𝒃−𝒂
LIMIT OF SUM METHOD: if 𝒉 = 𝒏
𝒃
𝒇 𝒙 𝒅𝒙 = 𝐥𝐢𝐦 𝒉 𝒇 𝒂 + 𝒇 𝒂 + 𝒉 + 𝒇 𝒂 + 𝟐𝒉 + ⋯ . . +𝒇[𝒂 + 𝒏 − 𝟏 𝒉
𝒉→𝟎
𝒂
𝒏 𝒏−𝟏 𝒏𝟐 −𝒏
𝟏 + 𝟐 + 𝟑 + ⋯.+ 𝒏 − 𝟏 =
𝟐
=
𝟐 𝒂𝒉 − 𝟏
𝐥𝐢𝐦 = 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝒂
𝟏𝟐 + 𝟐 𝟐 + 𝟑𝟐 + ⋯ . + 𝒏 − 𝟏 𝟐
=
𝒏 𝒏−𝟏 𝟐𝒏−𝟏
=
𝟐𝒏𝟑 −𝟑𝒏𝟐 +𝒏 𝒉→𝟎 𝒉
𝟔 𝟔
𝟐
𝟏𝟑 + 𝟐𝟑 + 𝟑𝟑 + ⋯ . + 𝒏 − 𝟏 𝟑
=
𝒏 𝒏−𝟏
𝟐
𝒆𝒉 − 𝟏
𝐥𝐢𝐦 =𝟏
𝒂 + 𝒂𝒓 + 𝒂𝒓𝟐 + ⋯ … … . +𝒂𝒓𝒏−𝟏 =
𝒂(𝒓𝒏 −𝟏) 𝒉→𝟎 𝒉
(𝒓−𝟏 )
PROPERTIES OF DEFINITE INTEGRALS
𝒂
𝒂
𝒇 𝒙 𝒅𝒙 = 𝟎
𝒃 𝒂
𝒂
𝒇 𝒙 𝒅𝒙 = − 𝒃
𝒇 𝒙 𝒅𝒙
𝒄 𝒃 𝒄
𝒂
𝒇 𝒙 𝒅𝒙 = 𝒂
𝒇 𝒙 𝒅𝒙 + 𝒃
𝒇 𝒙 𝒅𝒙 if a<b<c
𝒃 𝒃
𝒂
𝒇 𝒙 𝒅𝒙 = 𝒂
𝒇 𝒂 + 𝒃 − 𝒙 𝒅𝒙
𝒂 𝒂
𝟎
𝒇 𝒙 𝒅𝒙 = 𝟎
𝒇 𝒂 − 𝒙 𝒅𝒙
𝒂
𝒂 𝟐 𝒇 𝒙 𝒅𝒙 𝒊𝒇 𝒇 𝒊𝒔 𝒆𝒗𝒆𝒏 𝒊. 𝒆. 𝒇 −𝒙 = 𝒇(𝒙)
−𝒂
𝒇 𝒙 𝒅𝒙 = 𝟎
𝟎 𝒊𝒇 𝒇 𝒊𝒔 𝒐𝒅𝒅 𝒊. 𝒆. 𝒇 −𝒙 = −𝒇(𝒙)
𝒂
𝟐𝒂 𝟐 𝒇 𝒙 𝒅𝒙 𝒊𝒇 𝒇 𝟐𝒂 − 𝒙 = 𝒇(𝒙)
𝟎
𝒇 𝒙 𝒅𝒙 = 𝟎
𝟎 𝒊𝒇 𝒇 𝟐𝒂 − 𝒙 = −𝒇(𝒙)
10 Mathematics @ Its Best By “Anurag Chauhan” (9910-320-657) | Lets prepare for “100”
𝒑𝒙 + 𝒒 𝒑𝒙 + 𝒒
𝑰𝒏𝒕𝒆𝒈𝒓𝒂𝒍𝒔 𝑰𝒏 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝑭𝒐𝒓𝒎 𝑶𝒇 𝒅𝒙 𝒐𝒓 𝒅𝒙
𝒂𝒙𝟐 + 𝒃𝒙 + 𝒄 𝒂𝒙𝟐 + 𝒃𝒙 + 𝒄
𝒅
𝑯𝒐𝒘 𝑻𝒐 𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒗𝒆 Let 𝒑𝒙 + 𝒒 = 𝑨 (𝒂𝒙𝟐 + 𝒃𝒙 + 𝒄) +𝑩
𝒅𝑿
𝒅
यर Put 𝑵𝑼𝑴𝑬𝑹𝑨𝑻𝑶𝑹 = 𝑨 𝒅𝑿
(𝑫𝑬𝑵𝑶𝑴𝑰𝑵𝑨𝑻𝑶𝑹) + 𝑩
𝑻𝒉𝒆𝒏 𝑭𝒊𝒏𝒅 𝑻𝒉𝒆 𝑽𝒂𝒍𝒖𝒆 𝒐𝒇 𝑨 & 𝐵
𝑰𝒏𝒕𝒆𝒈𝒓𝒂𝒍𝒔 𝑰𝒏 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝑭𝒐𝒓𝒎 𝑶𝒇 (𝒑𝒙 + 𝒒) 𝒂𝒙𝟐 + 𝒃𝒙 + 𝒄 𝒅𝒙
𝒅
𝑯𝒐𝒘 𝑻𝒐 𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒗𝒆 Let ( 𝒑𝒙 + 𝒒) = 𝑨
𝒅𝑿
(𝒂𝒙𝟐 + 𝒃𝒙 + 𝒄) + 𝑩
𝑻𝒉𝒆𝒏 𝑭𝒊𝒏𝒅 𝑻𝒉𝒆 𝑽𝒂𝒍𝒖𝒆 𝒐𝒇 𝑨 & 𝐵
𝟏
𝑰𝒏𝒕𝒆𝒈𝒓𝒂𝒍𝒔 𝑰𝒏 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝑭𝒐𝒓𝒎 𝑶𝒇 𝒅𝒙
𝒂𝒄𝒐𝒔𝟐𝒙 + 𝒃𝒔𝒊𝒏𝟐𝒙 + 𝒄
𝑯𝒐𝒘 𝑻𝒐 𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒗𝒆 𝑫𝒊𝒗𝒊𝒅𝒆 𝒏𝒖𝒎𝒆𝒓𝒂𝒕𝒐𝒓 𝒅𝒆𝒏𝒐𝒎𝒊𝒏𝒂𝒕𝒐𝒓 𝒃𝒚 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝟐 𝒙 , 𝒅𝒆𝒏𝒐𝒎𝒊𝒏𝒂𝒕𝒐𝒓 में सभी
Trigo functions को 𝒕𝒂𝒏𝟐 𝒙 के 𝐭𝐞𝐫𝐦𝐬 में लेके आओ 𝒔𝒆𝒄𝟐 𝒙 = 𝟏 + 𝒕𝒂𝒏𝟐 𝒙
और numerator में 𝒔𝒆𝒄𝟐 𝒙 ही रहने दो , फफर tanx को 𝐭 𝐥𝐞𝐭 कर लो
𝟏
𝑰𝒏𝒕𝒆𝒈𝒓𝒂𝒍𝒔 𝑰𝒏 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝑭𝒐𝒓𝒎 𝑶𝒇 𝒅𝒙
𝒂𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒙 + 𝒃𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒙 + 𝒄
𝒙 𝒙
𝟏−𝐭𝐚𝐧𝟐 𝟐 𝟐𝒕𝒂𝒏 𝟐
𝑯𝒐𝒘 𝑻𝒐 𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒗𝒆 𝒂𝒑𝒑𝒍𝒚 𝒇𝒐𝒓𝒎𝒖𝒍𝒂 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒙 = 𝒙 & 𝑺𝒊𝒏𝒙 = 𝒙
𝟏+𝐭𝐚𝐧𝟐 𝟐 𝟏+𝐭𝐚𝐧𝟐 𝟐
𝒙
𝒅𝒆𝒏𝒐𝒎𝒊𝒏𝒂𝒕𝒐𝒓 में सभी Trigo functions को 𝒕𝒂𝒏𝟐 के 𝐭𝐞𝐫𝐦𝐬 में लेके आओ
𝟐
𝒙 𝒙 𝒙 𝒙
और numerator में 𝒔𝒆𝒄𝟐 बनरओ 𝟏 + 𝒕𝒂𝒏𝟐 = 𝒔𝒆𝒄𝟐 , फफर 𝐭𝐚 𝐧 को 𝐭 𝐥𝐞𝐭 कर लो
𝟐 𝟐 𝟐 𝟐
𝒂𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒙 + 𝒃𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒙 + 𝒄
𝑰𝒏𝒕𝒆𝒈𝒓𝒂𝒍𝒔 𝑰𝒏 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝑭𝒐𝒓𝒎 𝑶𝒇 𝒅𝒙
𝒅𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒙 + 𝒆𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒙 + 𝒇
𝑯𝒐𝒘 𝑻𝒐 𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒗𝒆
𝒅
Let 𝒂𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒙 + 𝒃𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒙 + 𝒄 = 𝑨 (𝒅𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒙 + 𝒆𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒙 + 𝒇) + 𝑩 𝒅𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒙 + 𝒆𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒙 + 𝒇 + 𝑪
𝒅𝑿
11 Mathematics @ Its Best By “Anurag Chauhan” (9910-320-657) | Lets prepare for “100”
𝒑𝒙 + 𝒒
𝑰𝒏𝒕𝒆𝒈𝒓𝒂𝒍𝒔 𝑰𝒏 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝑭𝒐𝒓𝒎 𝑶𝒇 𝒅𝒙
(𝒂𝒙 + 𝒃) 𝒄𝒙 + 𝒅
𝑯𝒐𝒘 𝑻𝒐 𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒗𝒆 𝒑𝒖t 𝒄𝒙 + 𝒅 = 𝒕𝟐
𝒑𝒙 + 𝒒
𝑰𝒏𝒕𝒆𝒈𝒓𝒂𝒍𝒔 𝑰𝒏 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝑭𝒐𝒓𝒎 𝑶𝒇 𝒅𝒙
(𝒂𝒙𝟐 + 𝒃𝒙 + 𝒄) 𝒅𝒙 + 𝒆
𝑯𝒐𝒘 𝑻𝒐 𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒗𝒆 𝒑𝒖t 𝒅𝒙 + 𝒆 = 𝒕𝟐
𝒑𝒙 + 𝒒
𝑰𝒏𝒕𝒆𝒈𝒓𝒂𝒍𝒔 𝑰𝒏 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝑭𝒐𝒓𝒎 𝑶𝒇 𝒅𝒙
(𝒂𝒙 + 𝒃) 𝒄𝒙𝟐 + 𝒅𝒙 + 𝒆
𝟏
𝑯𝒐𝒘 𝑻𝒐 𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒗𝒆 𝒑𝒖𝒕 𝒂𝒙 + 𝒃 =
𝒕
𝒑𝒙 + 𝒒
𝑰𝒏𝒕𝒆𝒈𝒓𝒂𝒍𝒔 𝑰𝒏 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝑭𝒐𝒓𝒎 𝑶𝒇 𝒅𝒙
(𝒂𝒙𝟐 + 𝒃𝒙 + 𝒄) 𝒅𝒙𝟐 + 𝒆𝒙 + 𝒇
𝟏
𝑯𝒐𝒘 𝑻𝒐 𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒗𝒆 𝒑𝒖𝒕 𝒙 =
𝒕
12 Mathematics @ Its Best By “Anurag Chauhan” (9910-320-657) | Lets prepare for “100”
