Acfi3310-Acfi3390 August Exam 2021
Acfi3310-Acfi3390 August Exam 2021
Session: 2020/21
Programme/Course:
Level: 6
Duration: 3 hours
For the duration of the examination see ‘duration’. Your time starts when you begin the examination.
You are reminded that the examination must be completed and submitted by 6pm UK time.
All students should note that it is your responsibility to upload your answer sheet through the Turnitin
portal within the duration. Students who fail to submit through Turnitin, or within the exam duration,
will be awarded 0% for this assessment.
If you find what you perceive to be an error in any of the questions please state your assumptions and
continue with your answer.
There are two (2) sections in this assessment. Section A is comprised of ten short form questions
worth 40 marks in total. Section B is comprised of 3 questions worth 20 marks each, 60 marks in
total. You must answer ALL questions.
Tables are provided at the end of the paper.
Where a word count is listed against any discursive question part, please note that this is for
guidance only and no penalty will be given for exceeding it.
Question 1
Briefly explain what is stated in Modigliani and Miller’s Proposition I
(without taxes).
(Suggested wordcount: 60 words)
(3 marks)
Question 2
An all equity financed company has 8 million shares outstanding, each
with a share price of £1.90. Assuming that there are no market
imperfections, what would happen to the share price if the company
issues £10 million of debt to repurchase shares?
(3 marks)
Question 3
Consider the capital structure information for Saturn Co below:
Calculate Saturn’s un-geared Beta. Assume that the corporate tax rate is
30%.
(4 marks)
(3 marks)
Question 5
Explain what is meant by clientele preferences.
(Suggested wordcount: 60 words)
(3 marks)
Question 6
Miller Plc has 950,000 shares outstanding. Its earnings are £2.5 million
this year and it expects to pay all of it as a dividend. The required rate of
return is 6%. From next year onwards it expects to earn £5 million, what
would the share price be today?
(3 marks)
Question 7
XYZ Ltd (XYZ) has no debt and a cost of equity of 8.7%. What would
XYZ’s cost of equity be if it borrowed to the point that its debt-to-equity
ratio (D/E) was 0.6? At this point XYZ’s pre-tax cost of debt is 2%.
Assume that the corporation tax rate is 20%.
(4 marks)
Question 8
Two hundred put options were bought for an ask price of 18 pence each,
with an exercise (strike) price of £7.50. On the expiry date, the share
price was £7.20. Calculate the buyer’s payoff and the profit for the full
transaction.
(3 marks)
Question 9
a) Company A has a present value of £78 million and Company B has a
present value of £14 million. Merging the two would enable cost
savings with a present value of £5 million. Company A acquires
100% of shares in Company B for £18 million. What do Company
B’s shareholders gain from this acquisition?
(3 marks)
b) Deepings Company has a P/E ratio of 9.6 and a share price of £1.52.
What are the earnings per share of the company?
(3 marks)
Question 10
Barnes Plc’s current share price is 56 pence. It could go up by 10% or
down by 4%. The risk-free rate of return is 2%.
Use the Binomial option pricing model to calculate the price of a one-
year call option for Barnes Plc, with a strike price of 58 pence.
(8 marks)
The investment will be financed 70% by equity and 30% by debt, which
is in line with Ample Restaurants’ existing capital structure. Most of the
debt will be financed by a subsidised loan, however, the details of this
arrangement have not yet been finalised.
The Finance Director has obtained the betas and debt ratio of a proxy
company, Cold Drinks Plc. These are:
b) Calculate the NPV for the project, using the risk-adjusted WACC as
the cost of capital. Suggest whether the project should be accepted.
(5 marks)
Miller Plc (Miller) has £65 million in excess cash and no debt. The firm
expects to generate additional free cash flows of £35 million per year in
subsequent years and will pay out these future free cash flows as
regular dividends.
a) What is the cum dividend price, the regular future annual dividend
and the current market value of Miller?
(4 marks)
b) Assume that Miller Plc uses the entire £65 million in excess cash to
pay a special dividend. What will Miller Plc’s ex-dividend price be?
(2 marks)
c) Assume that Miller Plc uses the entire £65 million to repurchase
shares at the cum div price calculated in part (a)
i) What is the number of repurchased shares?
(round to the nearest share) (2 marks)
Total 20 marks
Required:
a) Use the Black-Scholes option pricing model to calculate the price of a
one-year call option for Lannon, with a strike price of 58 pence.
(10 marks)
ii) The current valuation of McCotney using the Net Asset valuation
method is £5m. Critically evaluate this valuation based on the
method employed.
(Suggested wordcount: 100 words)
(5 marks)
Total 20 marks
1
FVAF = [ ( 1+i )n−1 ]
i
d 0 (1+ g) d d0
DVM k e=
p0
+ g∨ 1 + g
p0
where g=
√
n
dn
−1
d
(no growth) k e = p
0
D D
r eL=r eu + ( r −r ) r eL=r eu + ( 1−Ƭ ) ( r eu −r d )
E eu d E
DƬ
WACC L=r e ( VE )+ r ( VD )
d WACC L=WACC u 1− ( VL )
Or Or
E D E D
WACC L = r e [ D+ E
+r d ] [
D+ E ] WACC L=r eL ( )
VL
+ r d (1−T )
VL( )
E D(1−Ƭ )
+B (
( E+ D(1−Ƭ )) E+ D(1−Ƭ ) )
Beta Beu =B eL d
Options
Cu −Cd C d−S d ∆
∆= B= C=S ∆+ B
Su −S d 1+r f
ln (S / PV ( K)) σ √ T
PV ( K )=K e−it d 1= +
σ √T 2
Company Valuation
Price Earnings Ratio = Share price / Earnings Per Share
Constant growth:
d 0 (1+ g) FCF 1
po = or PV =
k e −g k e −g
Non-constant growth:
¿1 ¿2 ¿H PH ¿ H +1
P 0= 1
+ 2
+ …+ H
+ H
where P H =
( 1+r ) ( 1+r ) (1+ r ) ( 1+r ) r −g
Or
V d =V D=D=Value of debt
V e =V E=E=Value of equity
WACC=R A=r WACC =Weighted average cost of capital (required return of all capital)
C=Call premium
σ =standard deviation
0.160 0.170 0.180 0.190 0.200 0.210 0.220 0.230 0.240 0.250 0.260 0.270 0.280 0.290 0.300
1 0.862 0.855 0.847 0.840 0.833 0.826 0.820 0.813 0.806 0.800 0.794 0.787 0.781 0.775 0.769 1
2 0.743 0.731 0.718 0.706 0.694 0.683 0.672 0.661 0.650 0.640 0.630 0.620 0.610 0.601 0.592 2
3 0.641 0.624 0.609 0.593 0.579 0.564 0.551 0.537 0.524 0.512 0.500 0.488 0.477 0.466 0.455 3
4 0.552 0.534 0.516 0.499 0.482 0.467 0.451 0.437 0.423 0.410 0.397 0.384 0.373 0.361 0.350 4
5 0.476 0.456 0.437 0.419 0.402 0.386 0.370 0.355 0.341 0.328 0.315 0.303 0.291 0.280 0.269 5
6 0.410 0.390 0.370 0.352 0.335 0.319 0.303 0.289 0.275 0.262 0.250 0.238 0.227 0.217 0.207 6
7 0.354 0.333 0.314 0.296 0.279 0.263 0.249 0.235 0.222 0.210 0.198 0.188 0.178 0.168 0.159 7
8 0.305 0.285 0.266 0.249 0.233 0.218 0.204 0.191 0.179 0.168 0.157 0.148 0.139 0.130 0.123 8
9 0.263 0.243 0.225 0.209 0.194 0.180 0.167 0.155 0.144 0.134 0.125 0.116 0.108 0.101 0.094 9
10 0.227 0.208 0.191 0.176 0.162 0.149 0.137 0.126 0.116 0.107 0.099 0.092 0.085 0.078 0.073 10
11 0.195 0.178 0.162 0.148 0.135 0.123 0.112 0.103 0.094 0.086 0.079 0.072 0.066 0.061 0.056 11
12 0.168 0.152 0.137 0.124 0.112 0.102 0.092 0.083 0.076 0.069 0.062 0.057 0.052 0.047 0.043 12
13 0.145 0.130 0.116 0.104 0.093 0.084 0.075 0.068 0.061 0.055 0.050 0.045 0.040 0.037 0.033 13
14 0.125 0.111 0.099 0.088 0.078 0.069 0.062 0.055 0.049 0.044 0.039 0.035 0.032 0.028 0.025 14
15 0.108 0.095 0.084 0.074 0.065 0.057 0.051 0.045 0.040 0.035 0.031 0.028 0.025 0.022 0.020 15
20 0.051 0.043 0.037 0.031 0.026 0.022 0.019 0.016 0.014 0.012 0.010 0.008 0.007 0.006 0.005 20
25 0.024 0.020 0.016 0.013 0.010 0.009 0.007 0.006 0.005 0.004 0.003 0.003 0.002 0.002 0.001 25
0.160 0.170 0.180 0.190 0.200 0.210 0.220 0.230 0.240 0.250 0.260 0.270 0.280 0.290 0.300
1 0.862 0.855 0.847 0.840 0.833 0.826 0.820 0.813 0.806 0.800 0.794 0.787 0.781 0.775 0.769 1
2 1.605 1.585 1.566 1.547 1.528 1.509 1.492 1.474 1.457 1.440 1.424 1.407 1.392 1.376 1.361 2
3 2.246 2.210 2.174 2.140 2.106 2.074 2.042 2.011 1.981 1.952 1.923 1.896 1.868 1.842 1.816 3
4 2.798 2.743 2.690 2.639 2.589 2.540 2.494 2.448 2.404 2.362 2.320 2.280 2.241 2.203 2.166 4
5 3.274 3.199 3.127 3.058 2.991 2.926 2.864 2.803 2.745 2.689 2.635 2.583 2.532 2.483 2.436 5
6 3.685 3.589 3.498 3.410 3.326 3.245 3.167 3.092 3.020 2.951 2.885 2.821 2.759 2.700 2.643 6
7 4.039 3.922 3.812 3.706 3.605 3.508 3.416 3.327 3.242 3.161 3.083 3.009 2.937 2.868 2.802 7
8 4.344 4.207 4.078 3.954 3.837 3.726 3.619 3.518 3.421 3.329 3.241 3.156 3.076 2.999 2.925 8
9 4.607 4.451 4.303 4.163 4.031 3.905 3.786 3.673 3.566 3.463 3.366 3.273 3.184 3.100 3.019 9
10 4.833 4.659 4.494 4.339 4.192 4.054 3.923 3.799 3.682 3.571 3.465 3.364 3.269 3.178 3.092 10
11 5.029 4.836 4.656 4.486 4.327 4.177 4.035 3.902 3.776 3.656 3.543 3.437 3.335 3.239 3.147 11
12 5.197 4.988 4.793 4.611 4.439 4.278 4.127 3.985 3.851 3.725 3.606 3.493 3.387 3.286 3.190 12
13 5.342 5.118 4.910 4.715 4.533 4.362 4.203 4.053 3.912 3.780 3.656 3.538 3.427 3.322 3.223 13
14 5.468 5.229 5.008 4.802 4.611 4.432 4.265 4.108 3.962 3.824 3.695 3.573 3.459 3.351 3.249 14
15 5.575 5.324 5.092 4.876 4.675 4.489 4.315 4.153 4.001 3.859 3.726 3.601 3.483 3.373 3.268 15
20 5.929 5.628 5.353 5.101 4.870 4.657 4.460 4.279 4.110 3.954 3.808 3.673 3.546 3.427 3.316 20
25 6.097 5.766 5.467 5.195 4.948 4.721 4.514 4.323 4.147 3.985 3.834 3.694 3.564 3.442 3.329 25
Remember to regularly save your work
FUTURE VALUE of £1 at i% and n periods Sheet 18 of 21
0.160 0.170 0.180 0.190 0.200 0.210 0.220 0.230 0.240 0.250 0.260 0.270 0.280 0.290 0.300
1 1.160 1.170 1.180 1.190 1.200 1.210 1.220 1.230 1.240 1.250 1.260 1.270 1.280 1.290 1.300 1
2 1.346 1.369 1.392 1.416 1.440 1.464 1.488 1.513 1.538 1.563 1.588 1.613 1.638 1.664 1.690 2
3 1.561 1.602 1.643 1.685 1.728 1.772 1.816 1.861 1.907 1.953 2.000 2.048 2.097 2.147 2.197 3
4 1.811 1.874 1.939 2.005 2.074 2.144 2.215 2.289 2.364 2.441 2.520 2.601 2.684 2.769 2.856 4
5 2.100 2.192 2.288 2.386 2.488 2.594 2.703 2.815 2.932 3.052 3.176 3.304 3.436 3.572 3.713 5
6 2.436 2.565 2.700 2.840 2.986 3.138 3.297 3.463 3.635 3.815 4.002 4.196 4.398 4.608 4.827 6
7 2.826 3.001 3.185 3.379 3.583 3.797 4.023 4.259 4.508 4.768 5.042 5.329 5.629 5.945 6.275 7
8 3.278 3.511 3.759 4.021 4.300 4.595 4.908 5.239 5.590 5.960 6.353 6.768 7.206 7.669 8.157 8
9 3.803 4.108 4.435 4.785 5.160 5.560 5.987 6.444 6.931 7.451 8.005 8.595 9.223 9.893 10.604 9
10 4.411 4.807 5.234 5.695 6.192 6.727 7.305 7.926 8.594 9.313 10.086 10.915 11.806 12.761 13.786 10
11 5.117 5.624 6.176 6.777 7.430 8.140 8.912 9.749 10.657 11.642 12.708 13.862 15.112 16.462 17.922 11
12 5.936 6.580 7.288 8.064 8.916 9.850 10.872 11.991 13.215 14.552 16.012 17.605 19.343 21.236 23.298 12
13 6.886 7.699 8.599 9.596 10.699 11.918 13.264 14.749 16.386 18.190 20.175 22.359 24.759 27.395 30.288 13
14 7.988 9.007 10.147 11.420 12.839 14.421 16.182 18.141 20.319 22.737 25.421 28.396 31.691 35.339 39.374 14
15 9.266 10.539 11.974 13.590 15.407 17.449 19.742 22.314 25.196 28.422 32.030 36.062 40.565 45.587 51.186 15
20 19.461 23.106 27.393 32.429 38.338 45.259 53.358 62.821 73.864 86.736 101.721 119.145 139.380 162.852 190.050 20
25 40.874 50.658 62.669 77.388 95.396 117.391 144.210 176.859 216.542 264.698 323.045 393.634 478.905 581.759 705.641 25
Remember to regularly save your work
FUTURE VALUE of a £1 annuity at i% and n periods Sheet 19 of 21
0.160 0.170 0.180 0.190 0.200 0.210 0.220 0.230 0.240 0.250 0.260 0.270 0.280 0.290 0.300
1 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1
2 2.160 2.170 2.180 2.190 2.200 2.210 2.220 2.230 2.240 2.250 2.260 2.270 2.280 2.290 2.300 2
3 3.506 3.539 3.572 3.606 3.640 3.674 3.708 3.743 3.778 3.813 3.848 3.883 3.918 3.954 3.990 3
4 5.066 5.141 5.215 5.291 5.368 5.446 5.524 5.604 5.684 5.766 5.848 5.931 6.016 6.101 6.187 4
5 6.877 7.014 7.154 7.297 7.442 7.589 7.740 7.893 8.048 8.207 8.368 8.533 8.700 8.870 9.043 5
6 8.977 9.207 9.442 9.683 9.930 10.183 10.442 10.708 10.980 11.259 11.544 11.837 12.136 12.442 12.756 6
7 11.414 11.772 12.142 12.523 12.916 13.321 13.740 14.171 14.615 15.073 15.546 16.032 16.534 17.051 17.583 7
8 14.240 14.773 15.327 15.902 16.499 17.119 17.762 18.430 19.123 19.842 20.588 21.361 22.163 22.995 23.858 8
9 17.519 18.285 19.086 19.923 20.799 21.714 22.670 23.669 24.712 25.802 26.940 28.129 29.369 30.664 32.015 9
10 21.321 22.393 23.521 24.709 25.959 27.274 28.657 30.113 31.643 33.253 34.945 36.723 38.593 40.556 42.619 10
11 25.733 27.200 28.755 30.404 32.150 34.001 35.962 38.039 40.238 42.566 45.031 47.639 50.398 53.318 56.405 11
12 30.850 32.824 34.931 37.180 39.581 42.142 44.874 47.788 50.895 54.208 57.739 61.501 65.510 69.780 74.327 12
13 36.786 39.404 42.219 45.244 48.497 51.991 55.746 59.779 64.110 68.760 73.751 79.107 84.853 91.016 97.625 13
14 43.672 47.103 50.818 54.841 59.196 63.909 69.010 74.528 80.496 86.949 93.926 101.465 109.612 118.411 127.913 14
15 51.660 56.110 60.965 66.261 72.035 78.330 85.192 92.669 100.815 109.687 119.347 129.861 141.303 153.750 167.286 15
20 115.380 130.033 146.628 165.418 186.688 210.758 237.989 268.785 303.601 342.945 387.389 437.573 494.213 558.112 630.165 20
25 249.214 292.105 342.603 402.042 471.981 554.242 650.955 764.605 898.092 1054.791 1238.636 1454.201 1706.803 2002.616 2348.803 25
Remember to regularly save your work
Sheet 20 of 21