4/18/2011

Week 1: THE C# LANGUAGE

Chapter 1: Variables and Expressions

➤ What the .NET Framework is and what it contains
➤ How .NET applications work
➤ What C# is and how it relates to the .NET Framework
➤ What tools are available for creating .NET applications
with C#

WHAT IS THE .NET FRAMEWORK?

Microsoft’s modern software development
platform

Supports several programming languages,
including C#, Visual Basic, C++, F#

Programs executed by Common Language
Runtime (CLR)

Includes a large library of components
(classes) which can be used in programs

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Writing Applications Using the .NET

Framework

CIL (Common Intermediate Language code.),
JIT (just-in-time compiler)

MSIL or IL (Microsoft Intermediate Language)

Assemblies

Managed Code

Garbage Collection

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Writing Applications Using the .NET

Framework

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WHAT IS C#?

Applications You Can Write with C#

Windows applications

Web applications:

Web services:

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Visual Studio

Powerful, professional Integrated
Development Environment (IDE)

Integrates compilers, debugger and many
other useful tools for development

Can work with many different types of project,
including:

Console (text-based) applications

Windows (GUI) applications

Web applications (ASP.NET)

Class libraries
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Visual Studio

Solution explorer

Visual designer

Toolbox windows

Properties windows

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Visual Studio projects

A project contains source code files, settings
and resources for an application

May contain references to class libraries

May contain data used by application

Building a project:

Compiles source files

Copies non-source files to output folder

Creates an assembly in output folder

Building a solution builds all its projects

Windows Programming 1 Chapter 1: Introducing C# Slide 8

Project details
Solution folder contents

Project folder contents

References – class libraries

used by this application

Solution file (.sln) and project file

(.csproj) are created by VS and
contain solution/project
configuration information

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Creating a Visual Studio project

Demo

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SUMMARY

Windows Programming 1 Chapter 1: Introducing C# Slide 11

Week 1: THE C# LANGUAGE

Chapter 2: Writing a C#
Program
 A basic working knowledge of Visual Studio
2010 and Visual C# 2010 Express Edition
 How to write a simple console application
 How to write a Windows Forms application

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Visual C# 2010 Ultimate

Windows Programming 1 Chapter 2: Writing a C# Program Slide 13

CONSOLE APPLICATIONS

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WINDOWS FORMS APPLICATIONS

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The Solution Explorer

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The Properties Window

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Code view

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The Error List Window

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SUMMARY

Windows Programming 1 Chapter 2: Writing a C# Program Slide 20

Week 1: THE C# LANGUAGE

Chapter 3:Variables and Expressions

 Basic C# syntax
 Variables and how to use them
 Expressions and how to use them

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BASIC C# SYNTAX

The look and feel of C# code is similar to that
of C++ and Java.

C# compilers ignore additional spacing in
code, whether it results from spaces, carriage
returns, or tab characters (collectively known
as whitespace characters).

Statements

C# is a block-structured language, meaning
statements are part of a block of code.

Windows Programming 1 Chapter3: Variables and Expressions Slide 22

block

These blocks, which are delimited with curly
brackets ({ and }), may contain any number of
statements, or none at all

Windows Programming 1 Chapter3: Variables and Expressions Slide 23

comments

Comments can be created using //>

Multi-lines comments use /* > */

You can use single-line comments that
start with three / symbols instead of two
/// A special comment

Comments are ignored by the compiler

Used only for human readers

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The code outlining

You can do this with the #region and
#endregion keywords, which define the start
and end of a region of code that can be
expanded and collapsed.

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VARIABLES

C# syntax for declaring variables merely
specifies the type and variable name:
<type> <name>;
int intNumberOfStudents;

Declaration includes

Name, follow Naming Convention Rules

Data Type

Required Value for Constants

Optional Initial Value for Variables
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Simple Types

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Simple Types

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Simple Types

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Using Simple Type Variables

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Variable Naming

The first character of a variable name must be
either a letter, an underscore character ( _ ),
or the at symbol (@).

Subsequent characters may be letters,
underscore characters, or numbers.

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String Literals

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String Literals

This means that the following strings are
equivalent:
"Karli \’s string."
"Karli \u0027 s string.“

@ "A short list:
item 1
item 2“

"C:\\Temp\\MyDir\\MyFile.doc“
@ "C:\Temp\MyDir\MyFile.doc"
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EXPRESSIONS

Operators can be roughly classified into three
categories:

➤ Unary— Act on single operands

➤ Binary—Act on two operands

➤ Ternary—Act on three operands

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Mathematical Operators

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Manipulating Variables with

Mathematical Operators

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Assignment Operators

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Operator Precedence

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Namespaces

Namespaces are also used as a means of
categorizing items in the .NET Framework

C# code, by default, is contained in the global
namespace

Qualified names use period characters (.)
between namespace levels

System.Int32

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Namespaces

Code in the global namespace, however, must

refer to this name using the classified name
LevelOne.NameOne.

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Namespaces

Within a namespace, you can define nested
namespaces, also using the namespace keyword.

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SUMMARY

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