TITLE: PREVENTION OF ABORTION

INTRODUCTION

Many centrist and progressive politicians have come to speak a reasonably consistent

message regarding abortion during the last year. To disassociate themselves from the

misconception that “Pro-Choice” = “abortion on demand,” they have proposed a

“moderate” or “compromise” position: keep Roe v. Wade but endeavor to minimize the

number of abortions in every States. Reducing the annual number of abortions, which

currently stands at over 1 million, is a commendable aim. However, there are a variety

of approaches to achieving that aim, some of which will benefit women and others

which will not. Simply expressed, there are two main approaches to limit abortion: make

it less necessary or make it less accessible. Only the former method, in our opinion, is

humane, effective, and just.

Those who oppose abortion in all or most instances believe that making it illegal is the

greatest method to minimize the number of abortions. They believe that by making

abortion illegal, it will become extinct. They hold this belief despite overwhelming

evidence that women continue to obtain abortions in countries where they are illegal

and hazardous, sometimes resulting in tragic outcomes. Every year, about 70,000

women die as a result of improper abortions, and many more suffer serious ailments

such as infection, bleeding, and infertility. Women, their families, and entire

communities suffer as a result of this, but it does little to curb abortion.

Anti-abortion activists have yet to succeed in enacting a complete ban on abortion in the

United States. As a result, they have worked hard to make it as inaccessible as

possible. Anti-abortion activists have put safe and legal abortion out of reach for a

significant segment of our population, namely the young, the rural, and, most

importantly, the poor, by prohibiting public funding, increasing the cost with unnecessary

clinic regulations, reducing the number of available doctors and clinics, imposing waiting

periods, and mandating rigid parental involvement laws. As a result, many women who

have been denied Roe’s safeguards have either been forced to carry and bear children

against their will or have encountered enormous delays in obtaining an abortion, making

the process more expensive, hazardous, and emotionally and ethically hard. Although

making abortion illegal may lower the number of abortions, it does it in a brutal and

unpleasant manner.

The best strategy is to make abortion less necessary. The first step is to decrease the

number of unplanned pregnancies. In this country, half of all pregnancies are

unplanned, and half of those result in abortion. If we showed true commitment to: 1)

comprehensive sexuality education that includes medically accurate information about

abstinence and contraception; 2) insurance coverage and public funding for family

planning services; 3) greater access to emergency contraception (which prevents

pregnancy but does not cause abortion); and 4) programs that address domestic

violence and sexual abuse, we could significantly reduce unintended pregnancy.

Obviously, women who can avoid an unplanned pregnancy do not have to face the

tough option of whether or not to undergo an abortion.

Even with the above-mentioned resources, there will always be some unwanted

pregnancies; birth control devices, like humans, are flawed. As a result, if a woman

becomes pregnant unexpectedly, a second positive strategy to reduce abortion is to

guarantee that she has the resources to have and raise a child in a healthy and safe

environment if she so desires. One of the two most prevalent reasons women choose

abortion, according to the Alan Guttmacher Institute, is that they cannot afford a(nother)

kid. Many low-income and young women would have the resources they need to fulfill

the severe commitments that motherhood involves if they were provided with

meaningful education and employment possibilities, health care, child care, housing,

assistance for impaired children, and other fundamental supports.

Unfortunately, few of these policy goals are highlighted in today’s abortion-reduction

rhetoric. Instead, many centrist politicians have embraced the strategy of “splitting the

difference,” supporting some but not all of the limitations advocated by anti-abortion

campaigners, such as biased counseling, bans on public funding, and prohibitions on

certain abortion procedures. Even Democrats for Life’s 95-10 initiative, which claims to

have a plan to reduce abortions by 95% in ten years, provides only rudimentary support

for pregnant women (funding for domestic violence programs and university day care),
no provision for birth control, and only rudimentary allusions to pregnancy prevention

education.

These half-hearted attempts to reduce abortion are patently insufficient and appear to

represent a watered-down “Pro-Life” goal rather than a true moderate, much alone

progressive, objective.

Moderation for the sake of moderation and political compromise at the expense of

women’s well-being will not achieve the common aim of reducing abortion in the United

States. What is required is leadership and commitment to a vision of society in which all

women have access to the information and resources they need to avoid unintended

pregnancies, carry healthy pregnancies to term, raise their children in a safe, stable,

and dignified manner, and, yes, have safe abortions when necessary in order to live

healthy, productive, and fulfilling lives.

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM:

This research is intended to know the Prevention of Abortion, Specifically, this

research sought to answer the following:

1. What is the demographic profile of the respondents in terms of:

1.1 Name

1.2 Gender

1.3 Age

1.4 Status

2. Which does Respondents preferred, Pro Life or Pro Choice?

3.Awareness of Respondents towards the issues regarding the abortion.

4. For the Respondents opinion, Does Abortion should be normalize?

5.For the perspective of the respondent’s, Why does some women risk their life just to
continue the abortion?
THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

Morality, according to consequentialialism, is all about achieving the proper sorts of

overall results. John Stuart Mill and Jeremy Bentham’s utilitarianism is a well-known

example of consequentialism. In contrast, John Locke’s and Immanuel Kant’s

deontological views are nonconsequentialist. Consequentialism is a doctrine that states

that the outcome determines whether something is good or harmful. A good action is

one that has more benefits than drawbacks, whereas a bad action has more drawbacks

than benefits. Utilitarianism is the most well-known variant of this idea.

Consequentialism is an ethical theory that uses the outcomes of actions to determine

whether or not they are right. Most individuals, for example, would agree that lying is

unethical. Utilitarianism and hedonism are two examples of consequentialism.

 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

1. What is the demographic profile 1. Distribution of Survey PREVENTION OF

of the respondents in terms of:
Questionnaire
ABORTION
1.1 Name
1.2 Gender
1.3 Age 2. Analyze the Data using
1.4 Status
descriptive statistics to
2.Which does Respondents preferred, Pro determine measures of
Life or Pro Choice? central tendencies and

measures of variations.
3.. Awareness of Respondents towards the

issues regarding the abortion. 3.Presents data in tabular

form.
4.For the Respondents opinion, Does

Abortion should be normalize?

5.For the perspective of the respondent’s,

Why does some women risk their life just to 4. Interpreted and
continue the abortion?

Feedback

Figure 1: Paradigm of the Study

Figure 1 Illustrates the Input, Process and Output of Prevention of Abortion as

an input, the researcher designed a instrument to collect the necessary information

about the Impact of Imprisonment of an offender. Selecting the corresponding

answers by the respondent’s experiences. After collecting the data it is analyzed the
using descriptive statistics to determine measures of central tendencies and measures

of variations. After that it is presented in tabular forms. Lastly, interpretation of data is t,

analyzed and interpreted in order to formulate a fundamental idea on the output that

the researcher’s studies of the respondents . After proposing the Output, the

researcher collect the feedback such as how does the proposed output affect the

following inputs, does it improve or it stays as it is, and the process continue until the

researcher find out the Prevention of Abortion

HYPHOTESIS

The following are the hypothesis of the study.

HO1: The Respondents are aware of abortion.

HO2: The Respondents encountered people who’s dealing and choosing abortion.

HO3: The Study was believed to point out the problems abortion.

HO4: The respondents are aware with the issue.

HO5: The study will serve as an eye opener for Everyone about the problem regarding
to the abortion.
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The study benefits the following:

Government—As a result, the government's proper responsibility is to lower the cost of

risk-bearing for all initiatives Investors play a critical role in a company's and a project's

success and growth. As a result, it's critical for businesses to establish strong,

transparent relationships with their investors. This is where a company's investor

relations department comes into play by establishing a stable and effective legislative

framework. As a result, governments should refrain from participating in projects or

businesses, whether with equity or debt. Commercial risks should not be covered.

Because of the following sources, the government has funds for preservation. State and

local budgets are supported through taxes, federal grants, fees, licenses, and lotteries.

The majority of individuals have a better understanding of where their state and local

taxes and levies go than they do of federal spending. Perhaps this is because state and

municipal services have a greater impact on their personal life.this will help them to

understand the both sides.

School; for them to know the problems of students regarding the new learning system.

Advocate group and NGO's- Advocacy is used by non-governmental organizations

and advocacy groups to influence public opinion and, eventually, policy. Lobbying,

media campaigns, awareness-raising the reasons of establishing the parent child gaps.,

research, and policy briefings are all used by groups to try to achieve their goals.
Environmental, social, advocacy, and human rights work are only a few examples of

NGO activities. They can work on a large scale or very locally to promote social or

political change. NGOs are vital to the development of society, the improvement of

communities, and the promotion of citizen participation.

Local Communities—Local communities play a critical role in fixing this problem. They

are seen as respectable and moral participants in the community it self. The local

community must be included in policy and decision-making in order to increase local

people's trust and confidence towards this project.

Researchers: This study benefits us researchers Studies the Prevention of Abortion.

Future Researchers: This serves as guide in making their related research.

 DEFINITION OF TERMS and ACRONYM

The following terms are defined operationally.

Consequentialism- is a doctrine that states that the outcome determines whether

something is good or harmful. A good action is one that has more benefits than
drawbacks, whereas a bad action has more drawbacks than benefits. Utilitarianism is
the most well-known variant of this idea.

Abortion- refers to a an activity or aim of removing a baby.

.Respondents-This is the group of people that gives their answers about the given
questions from the distributed questionnaires.

NGO-this are the organization that is not handled by government.

Local Community- the group of people that is locally known and part
SCOPE AND LIMITATION

The research will take place in the place of your choice. The respondents will be

interviewed remotely via Zoom, and the Questionnaire form will be emailed to them

individually following the interview. Respondents were also acquired by the

researchers. Video chat will be used to interview these people. The researchers chose

this location for implementation because it will provide them with information on the

chosen topic for people who are affected by the this problem. This will take place in

the first semester of the 2021-2022 school year. This research mainly focuses on The

concept of necessity is a legal theory that extraconstitutional activities by administrative

authorities, such as those taken to restore order or gain power under the guise of

stability, are determined to be constitutional, even if they would ordinarily be deemed

unconstitutional. Prevention of Abortion In this research, this mainly perceive the

perspective of the responders for the Prevention of Abortion.

Respondents of this study are the people that is mostly in involve in this teens.

The researchers decided to particularize the respondents with a limited total of

respondents due to the pandemic that still infesting right now . This was chosen by

the researchers because of they are involved mostly involved in Prevention of

Abortion and they are the one that can give opinion regarding to Prevention of

Abortion.
REVIEW RELATED LITERATURE

Virtue theory and abortion

The Aristotelian ethical theory known as virtue ethics, virtue-based ethics, or neo-
Aristotelianism is becoming more well-known, and is now widely regarded as a viable
alternative to deontological and utilitarian views. With recognition has come varied
degrees of criticism. In this essay, I’ll go over nine different criticisms that I’ve come
across, the majority of which appear to me to show a lack of understanding of either the
structure of virtue theory or what it would take to think about a real moral dilemma in its
terms. In the first section, I want to acquire an understanding that will indicate that many
of these criticisms are simply misplaced, as well as describe what I believe to be virtue
theory’s primary flaw. I disagree with this criticism, although I don’t think it’s entirely
unfounded. In the second half, I’ll illustrate how the theory looks when applied to a
specific subject, in this example, abortion, in order to deepen that understanding and
highlight the issues brought by the objections.

Refferences;

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11659356/

13
Trying to prevent abortion

Women dealing with an unwanted pregnancy have utilized abortion as a manner of

resolving their issue since antiquity. Abortion has come to be considered as an

occurrence that should be avoided because of the impact on the women involved as

well as considerations for fetal life, despite the fact that it has been commonly utilized

throughout history. Certain observations must be acknowledged in policies aimed at

reducing the number and rate of abortions. Criminalization of abortion does not prevent

it, but it does increase maternal dangers. The ‘openness’ with which a society discusses

sexual issues is inversely related to abortion rates. The relationship between

contraceptive use and abortion is likewise inverse, although it is more strongly related to

the effectiveness of the contraceptive techniques utilized. Abortion rates will be affected

similarly by a “revolution” in the spectrum of contraceptive options available. Secondary

or emergency contraception methods have an important role in reducing the number of

abortions. Good sex (and’relationships’) education programs have been linked to a

delay in sexual debut, increased contraceptive use, and a reduction in abortion. Finally,

the relationship between socioeconomic variables and the decision to abort or continue

a pregnancy is complicated. Abortion is not always chosen by those who are financially

unable to sustain a child.

REFERENCES:

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.3109/13625189709167459?
journalCode=iejc20

14
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

RESEARCH DESIGN

The study used Descriptive research design to have the reliable and legitimate

interpretation that uses questionnaire in gathering information’s. According to Chona Mc

combos(2019) Descriptive research aims to accurately and systematically describe a

population, situation or phenomenon. It can answer what, when, where, when and how

questions. A descriptive research design can use a wide variety of quantitative and

qualitative methods to investigate one or more variables. Moreover, this research

design is used to provide more accurate information’s and it justify the current practice

and make critiques.

Besides, according also to mc combes (2020)Descriptive research is an appropriate

choice when the research aim is to identify characteristics, frequencies, trends,

correlations, and categories. It is also useful when not much is known yet about the

topic or problem. Before you can research why something happens, you need to

understand how, when and where it happens. According also to question pro.com,

descriptive research design allows the researchers to provide insights into the why and

how of the research. This research design can be a very effective research framework

to identify the effects of Imprisonment to the offender.

15
RESPONDENTS OF THE STUDY

The researchers choose to gather data from the people related to the topic, they are

mostly likely be involve in the main point of this study.

They are mostly involve in the study was the people related to the study because they

are the people who is more able to the Prevention of Abortion, The researchers

conduct a numbering for the participants and it ranges of 20 participants.

SAMPLING TECHNIQUE

The samples are determined Purposive sampling. This type of sampling involves the

researcher using their judgement to select a sample that is most useful to the purposes

of the research. The sample size that the researchers use are 20 participants that is

related in the study.

16
RESEARCH INSTRUMENT

The researchers use the questionnaires for the accurate method of collecting data. This

questionnaires is used to identify .This questionnaire consist the Demographic profile of

the respondents, and it also consist of questions that justifies the chosen research, this

consist of the questions related and elaborated by the researchers.

The researchers was given freedom by their research adviser to compose the said

instrument and reviewed by their thesis adviser. The questionnaire used open answers

to be able to know more about their insights.

VALIDATION OF INSTRUMENT

The first draft of the questionnaire is presented to their research adviser for

correction and suggestion for the betterment of the questionnaire.

In the course of data gathering, the researchers make a request letter and passed it to

their research adviser for approval. After having the approval of their thesis adviser, the

17
researchers went to the houses of the participants, survey is conducted in room after

the class of the respondents. To facilitate these the researchers use the letter with the

approval of the researcher adviser and presented it to the precinct for accepting and

confirmation to continue and conduct the survey.

The researchers explained thoroughly the content of the questionnaire. For the

respondents to answer it correctly. The researchers also explain the importance of the

study.

REFFERENCES

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11659356/

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.3109/13625189709167459?
journalCode=iejc20

18
SCHEDULE OF ACTIVITIES

PHASE DATE ACTIVITIES

CHAPTER 1 2022, JANUARY- COMPLIANCE OF THE

FEBRUARY1 PAPER WORKS

CHAPTER 2 2022 FEBRUARY- COMPLIANCE OF RRL

MARCH AND RRS

CHAPTERS 3 2022 MARCH- APRIL COMPLIANCE OF THE

METHODOLOGY

CHAPTER 4 2022 APRIL- MAY GATHERING SURBEY

AND INTERPRETATION

OF DATA

CHAPTER 5 2022 MAY- JUNE FINALIZING AND

SUMMARIZATION OF

THE WHOLE STUDY

19
APPENDICES:

APPENDIX A

SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE

NAME: DATE:

AGE: STATUS:

1. Which do you prefer, Pro Life or Pro Choice?

2.Are you Aware towards the issues regarding the abortion.

3.In your opinion, Does Abortion should be normalize?

4.For your perspective, Why does some women risk their life just to
continue the abortion?

20