Quezon-Roxas High School of Marinduque Foundation Inc.

Carmen St. Dulong Bayan, Mogpog, Marinduque

Email Address: queroxmogpog@yahoo.com
12

COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT,
SOLIDARITY AND CITIZENSHIP
First Quarter – Module 4:
TYPOLOGIES OF COMMUNITIES

CONTENT STANDARD PERFORMANCE STANDARD

The learners demonstrate The learners shall be able

an understanding of the to… synthesize the
integration of social science integrative experience of
perspective and community implementing community-
action initiatives action initiatives applying
social sciences’ ideas and
methods

PREPARED BY:
NAME: __________________________
MRS.LUCITA R. VILLARUEL
GRADE/SECTION: ___________________
SUBJECT TEACHER
OBJECTIVES
1. (Differentiate the Typologies of Communities) (HUMSS_CSC12IIIa-c-6)
In this module you will learn about how to:
1. distinguish between formal and informal types of communities;
2. make a community map of a rural and urban community; and
3. explain local and global communities and their relationship
VOCABULARY LIST
Formal Community- characterized by institutionally structured hierarchies, which define the relationship between
authoritative and subordinate actors and groups.
Global Community- characterized by integration and interaction between individuals and groups away from each other
in time or space or both.
Informal Community- seen to typically operate through socio-cultural mechanisms within the community structures.
Local Community- characterized by close social integration and physical proximity. Moreover, it is defined as a group of
people sharing the same environment and conditions such as intent, belief, resources, preferences, needs and risks.
Rural Community- characterized as pastoral, agricultural, and located along the periphery of urban centers or in the
countryside.
Typology- a classification according to general type. In this module, this refers to the types of community.
Urban Community- described as industrialized and commercial centers where population density is relatively high
compared to rural communities.
PRE-TEST
Direction. Carefully read and analyze each question. Choose the correct answer from the given options. Write your
answer on a separate sheet of paper.
1. A group where the flow of communication is restricted.
a. formal community
b. informal community
c. rural community
d. urban community
2. Each area typically specializes in a particular form of livelihood, such as farming.
a. formal community
b. informal community
c. rural community
d. urban community
3. A group sharing the same environment and conditions.
a. social spaces
b. sectors of community
 c. local community
d. global community
4. This sector of community includes newspapers, magazines and other available materials that can be glanced from the
internet.
a. human services
b. media
c. culture
d. sports and recreation
5. A sector of community that includes musicians, dancers, writers, actors, among others.
a. human services
b. media
c. culture
d. sports and recreation

LEARNING ACTIVITIES
Let’s Read!
TOPIC 1: Formal and Informal Communities
The table below details the differences between formal and informal community. An example of a formal community is a
business firm, where people are assigned, positions based on their job descriptions and functions. One example of an
informal organization is a group of jogging enthusiasts who meet once a week at the city park.
Formal Informal
The group is created as per official The group is formed according to the likes, interests, and
attitudes of the members
authority, fulfill certain goals or objectives

The group possesses a systematic The group has a loose structure, and the
hierarchical structure members join to satisfy their social needs

The position of the member defines Every member is important as any other
his/her importance in the group member

There is professional relationship There is a personal relationship among

among members members

The flow of communication is restricted The flow of communication stretches in all

due to the chain of command directions
Social Space is defined as a physical or virtual space which members of the community visit or where they stay. Some
examples of social space include the social center, online social media, or other gathering spaces where people gather
or interact. Some social spaces are owned by the government, such as town squares, parks, and beaches. These are spaces
generally open and accessible to people. Private social spaces, on the other hand, are owned and regulated regularly, such
as shopping malls. These social spaces may be used by community residents for their gatherings or simple recreation
activities.
Now that you know about the Formal-Informal Community typology, let’s roam around our locality and identify whether
certain communities are classified as formal or informal and the type of social space they are occupying.
Task 1. Got to know the existing Leadership/ Power Relation!
Can you give me the existing power relation and social space of the following community?
Write FC- if it is a formal community and IFC-for informal community. Make sure also to identify if it is occupying a
public space or private space by writing your answer on a separate sheet of paper.

Community Formal Social Space-

Community/ Public/Private
Informal Space
Community
TOPIC 2: Rural-Urban Communities
Communities may be located in either rural or urban areas. These areas have distinct characteristics.
The following are the three general characteristics of rural areas:
a. Population density is found to be low, meaning few people populate the entire community, and they tend to live
far apart from each other.
b. The area is situated geographically distant from larger urban areas.
c. Each area typically specializes in a particular form of livelihood, such as farming.
Characteristics of urban areas are as follows:
a. There is higher population density, with more diverse subgroups (ethnic, racial cultural, age, sexual orientation)
b. Various industries and businesses are found in the areas.
c. A large portion of people lived in rented apartments or homes.
d. Transportation is readily available although this may be costly
e. Urban areas are highly developed with many buildings and structures
f. Traffic and noise levels are high in these areas
g. The large population gives rise to close interactions among many people as well as more intense political
involvement among citizens. There are also various sectors in different communities.
Community sectors are various groups or subdivisions of the larger community divided based on characteristics
such as political, economic, cultural, and religious beliefs. The various sectors that exist in all communities may be
categorized according to the following sectors with their inclusions.

1. Health
-medical and mental health professionals; pharmacists and pharmacies; hospitals and other in-patient facilities, clinics,
non-traditional health practitioners; public health agencies and systems
2. Education
- public and private preschools, K-12 schools, colleges and universities, school committees, school administrators,
teachers, other educational institution employees; parents, students, state board of education; adult basic education (ABE)
and English as Second or Other Language (ESOL) programs
3. Law Enforcement
-the local and state police, the court system- judges, probation officers, prosecutors, court appointed defense lawyers,
court-mandated program for offenders.
4. Government
- regional, provincial, state, local, and tribal government bureaucracies, agencies, and
officials, both elected and appointed.
5. Business
- from the self-employed carpenter to the multinational corporation with a local facility.
6. Youth
- youth themselves (generally viewed as ages 18 and younger) and those who work directly with them (youth violence
prevention and outreach programs, Big Brother/Big Sister, Boys’ and Girls’ Clubs, scouting, etc.) parents, human service,
culture, and sports/recreation sectors.
7. The Media
- newspapers and magazines, radio, and TV, vast array of blogs, videos, online news, andother materials available on the
internet.
8. Human Services
- non-profit professional and volunteer organizations that provide free and affordable services such as job training, food,
shelter, elder services, services for individuals with physical or mental disabilities, support and advocacy for immigrants,
among others.
9. Religion
- places of worship and their members, religious organizations (e.g. Knights of Columbus, CBCP) of all faiths, may
include the hierarchy of a national church as well (a Roman Catholic archbishop, for instance)
10. Service/Fraternal Organization
- the Lions, Masons, Rotary, Kiwanis, and other local and national or international service organizations, college
fraternities/sororities or other local and national social clubs, as well veterans’ organizations and the like.
11. Community Activist Volunteer Groups
- individuals for or against political issue, supportive of existing institutions (“Friends of” the local park, a school
playground volunteer corps), oriented toward economics (groups that volunteer to help non-profit and small business
owners with financial and business plans), or more generally concerned with the quality of community life (e.g.
organizers of community festivals)
12. Culture
- artists such as musicians, dancers and choreographers, writer, actors and directors, designers and visual artists, as well as
arts organizations, theaters, orchestras, museums, galleries, and those who work as support staff in the arts- stagehands,
cameramen, electricians, set builders, etc. ; regular consumers and supporters of the arts.
13. Housing Development
- both public and private non-profit housing agencies and organizations that provide rent subsidies and/or affordable
housing, as well as developers who build market-rate and upscale residential and commercial properties.
-may include everyone from fair housing advocates to those who own and/ or manage urban real estate worth millions of
pesos.
14. Sports and Recreation
- sports clubs, town or county recreation departments, amateur and professional athletic associations, public and private
sports and recreation facilities, gyms, coaches, personal trainers, recreation leaders, and camp directors, as well those who
participate in these groups as athletes, spectators, or supporters.
15. The Environment
- individual environmentalists, international, national, and local environmental organizations, conservation land trusts,
recreational hunters and fishermen, rock climbers and mountaineers, wildlife biologists and botanists, ecologists, hikers,
canoers/kayakers, and other outdoor people, hydrologists (water specialists), those who make a living from a pristine or
carefully-managed environment.
16. Agriculture
- confined to rural areas, may also include dairy farmers, cheesemakers, winemakers and vineyards, and food processors
and packers, including all consumers of the food produced.
Task 2. A blast from my past visits!
Let us be specific in describing a rural and urban community that you had visited by illustrating that specific
community and by emphasizing in your illustration at least three (3) prominent sectors that you remembered in your visit.
Make use of a symbol e.g. cross at the so many concepts, don’t they? Let us reminisce first!
When was the last time you have visited a rural and an urban community? What are the prominent sectors of community
present in that community? roof of a church refers to Catholic Church. Then, briefly explain the characteristics of each
community and the roles played by each sector in the community that you have drawn.
Let’s Read!
Rural Community

________________________________________________________________________________________________

Urban Community
 ________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________

Great job! You have compared a rural and urban community by also explaining how those prominent community sectors have an impact to those community thru your
illustration.

Now, let’s look at our destination and how far our plans will go from our community to the global setting. After reading, let’s answer task 3.

Topic 3: Local and Global Communities

A local community is characterized by close social integration and physical proximity. Moreover, a local
community is defined as a group of people sharing the same environment and conditions intent, belief, resources,
preferences, and needs and risks. These factors may affect the identities of the individuals as well as the community’s
degree of cohesiveness. In addition, a local community may consist of business operators, public agency staff, residents
with interactions that may include sharing of resources, information, and assistance. Commercial relationships may also
be present between local businesses and consumers.
The global community, on the other hand, is a system characterized by integration and interaction between
individuals and groups away from each other in time or space or both. The word “global” refers to the nation of the world
considered closely connected by modern telecommunication, though they are economically, socially and politically
independent (Sebastian, 2009, and dictionary.com) The domains and certain aspects of the local and global communities
intertwine.
Establishments, programs, and other events that started in the local setup may eventually grow to have a global
presence, such as the Jollibee fast food chain. Proposed plans and programs in the local community, when implemented
successfully, may reach the global community, and gain traction there as well such as outreach activities, programs during
calamities etc.

Task 3. What I want to share to the World!

What program do you plan to propose in your local community and in what ways can you promote this globally?
This could be part of our culture, beliefs, innovations, people etc. These could also be part of practices that we can do as
outreach programs or to eliminate damages from any state of calamity-poverty, natural/typhoons etc. Think of how the
program you are about to propose may benefit people nationally and internationally. (This activity is adopted from the
same topic of the book entitled Community Engagement, Solidarity and Citizenship for Senior High School of Ava Ann
P. Semorlan, Ph.D. and Adrian P. Semorlan, MPA, MHSS, Ed. D.) Use the template in answering the activity. A sample
is already written for you.
Local Community Program
Ex. Veggie Indoor Gardening - this is a projected program to be proposed in the community where the main goal
is to promote a healthy lifestyle through planting as well maintaining vegetable plants in every home.
Benefit to the Local Community

 Promotes healthy lifestyle by exercising the body while gardening and consuming the veggies they grow.
 It could be a hobby for the entire family.
 Some could also earn a living by selling vegetables. It shall help in eliminating poverty in our community, making
the family work together for them to maintain indoor vegetables.
 Makes the family more self-sufficient especially during trying times.
Benefits to the Global Community

 Promotes healthy lifestyle by exercising the body while gardening and consuming the veggies they grow.
 They can make this as a hobby, according to Kim Hayes, AARP on her article about gardening it helps fight
dementia and cure loneliness.
 Some could also earn a living by selling vegetables. It shall help in eliminating poverty in our community.
 Making the family work together for them to maintain indoor vegetables.
 Makes the family more self-sufficient especially during trying times
Promoting to Global Perspective

 Modelling/ behavior and action to start at home and then seeks the help of local community leaders to do the
same.
 Submitting a letter/proposal to the local community leaders so that they could make a resolution for it.
 Promotion thru internet, encouraging friends and their social networks to do the same
 Making others in the global community see the benefits of indoor gardening thru the help of social media

POST-TEST
A. Below are statements with jumbled words based on the previous discussion. Try to remember each concept by looking
into the jumbled words. Have fun!
1. __________________ CIASOL PASCE
- a physical or virtual space which members of the community visit or where they stay.
2. ___________________ CONMIMUTY CESTORS
- various groups or subdivisions of the larger community divided based on characteristics such as political, economic,
cultural, and religious beliefs.
3. ___________________ BANUR CONMIMUTY
- described as industrialized and commercial centers where population density is relatively high.
4. ___________________ ABLGOL CONMIMUTY
- characterized by integration and interaction between individuals and groups away from each other in time or space or
both.
5. ____________________ RALFOM CONMIMUTY
- characterized by institutionally structured hierarchies, which define the relationship between authoritative and
subordinate actors and groups.
B. Read and analyze the statements below. Identify what is described in each sentence.
___________6. This group is composed of members who decided to join the group to satisfy their social needs.
___________7. These are social spaces owned and regulated regularly.
___________8. This is the community where different businesses and industries are involved.
___________ 9. Community sector which includes places of worship and organizations as part of the beliefs of the people
in the community.
___________10. Community sector that includes dairy farmers, cheesemakers, winemakers, food processors and the
likes.
ADDITIONAL ACTIVITIES

MY Community Map!

From the lesson we have learned about the different communities. How about your community, what type of community is
it? How will you describe your own community? What are the prominent community sectors present in it? Express your thoughts by
making a community map. Please be guided with the rubric below and the identified ten out of sixteen community sectors. This will
serve as one of your performance tasks. Make a community map which would reflect the following elements:

a. Describe your community in a way that you show its location, if it is a rural or urban community and its characteristics.

b. Out of the sixteen (16) community sectors, choose at least ten (10) prominent sectors in the community.

c. Give the names of your specific example e.g. If you are living in Magsaysay St., Almedras-Cogon, Sorsogon City and you
have chosen education as your specific community sector, give the name of your example such as Sorsogon National High School.

d. Make use of a symbol e.g. cross at the roof of a church refers to Catholic Church
Rubrics for the Community Map

Category 4 3 2 1

Required The community All required All but 1 of the Several

Elements map includes all elements are required required
required included on elements are elements were
elements as the included on the missing
well as community community map
additional map
information

All graphics are All graphics Several Few graphics

Graphics- related to the are related to graphics are are related to
Relevance topic and make the topic and related to the the topic.
it easier to most make it topic.
understand easier to
understand
Content - At least 8 5-6 accurate 4-3 accurate Less than 2
Accuracy accurate facts facts are facts are accurate facts
are illustrated illustrated on illustrated on are illustrated
on the the the community on the
community map community map community map
map

Attractiveness The community The The community The community

map is community map is map is
exceptionally map is acceptably distractingly
attractive in attractive in attractive messy or very poor designed
terms of design, layout, and terms of though it may
neatness design, be a bit messy
layout, and
neatness

Mechanics Capitalization There is 1 There are 2 There are more

and punctuation error in errors in than 2 errors in
are correct capitalization capitalization capitalization
throughout the and and punctuation and punctuation
community map punctuation

Grammar There are no There is one There are two There are more
grammatical grammatical grammatical than two
mistakes on the mistake on mistakes on the grammatical
community map the community map mistakes on the
community community map
map