BCM2043 – Multimedia
Technology & Applications
Chapter 2 - FUNDAMENTAL OF
MULTIMEDIA
MULTIMEDIA ELEMENTS
TEXT
Computing 2
Chapter Description
• Expected Outcomes
• At the end of this lesson you will understand:
– Importance of text in a multimedia presentation
– Understanding fonts and typefaces
– Using text elements in a multimedia
presentation
– Computers and text
– Font editing and design tools
– Multimedia and hypertext
Importance of Text
Words and symbol in any form, spoken or written
are the most means of communication
Vital element of multimedia in menus,
navigation system and content
Factors affecting legibility of text:
- size
- Background and foreground color
- Style
- Leading
Text in Multimedia Applications
• Of all multimedia elements, text is the
easiest to manipulate
• General guidelines:
– Be concise
– Use appropriate fonts
– Consider different type styles
– Be consistent
– Make the text readable
– Use restraint
Understanding Fonts and Typefaces
• A typeface is a family of graphic characters
that usually includes many types sizes and
styles
• A font is a collection of characters of a single
size and style belonging to a particular
typeface family.
Understanding Fonts and Typefaces
• Font styles
–Boldface, Italic, Underlining, Outlining
–Font Sizes
• Measured in point
• Kerning is the space between characters
pairs
• Leading is the spaces between lines
Understanding Fonts and Typefaces
• Cases
– Upper, lower , intercap
– Serif vs Sans Serif
– SERIF
• The little decoration at the end of a letter stroke and
are used for body text
– SANS SERIF
• Do not have serif at the end of a letter stroke and are
used for headlines and bold statements
Understanding Fonts and Typefaces
Working with Text
• Be concise – text fills < ½ screen
Large amounts of text
Alternatives? - animation, video, narration.
Show a preview and allow user to request more
Hyper linking
Pop-up messages, scroll bars, drop-down menus
Use Appropriate Type Fonts
Decorative
Hard to read
Used for emphasis
Serif
Creates illusion of a line and guides the eye across
the screen facilitating readability
Used on large blocks of text
San serif
Clean, simple
Good for headings
Examples of:
Serif, Sans Serif, and Other Fonts
Scanned image: from Multimedia Concepts – James Shuman
Font Type Styles
• Type styles: bold, italic, underline
– Used for emphasis
– Use for links – hypertext
• Be consistent
– Similar headings – typeface, size, style
– Use same font for similar sections
– Graphic image for headings
Consistency vs. file size
Make Text Readable - Use Restraint
• Choose fonts found in
most systems
• Avoid “ransom note”
effect
• Choose only up to
four variations of
type styles, fonts and http://forensicunit.weebly.com/ransom-notes.html
sizes
Creating and Editing Text
• Word Processor
• Corel Draw
• Adobe Illustrator
• Scanner
• OCR-Optical Character Recognition
Uses of Text
• Menus for navigation
• A user navigates through content using a menu
• A simple menu consist of a text lists of topics
• Interactive buttons
• A button is a clickable object that executes a
command when activated
• Users can create their own buttons from bitmaps
and graphics
Uses of Text
• Fields for reading
• Reading a hard copy is easier and faster than
reading from the computer screen
• A document can be printed in one of the
two orientations –portrait or landscape
• HTML documents
• Symbol and Icons
HTML Documents
• HTML stands for Hypertext Markup Language
• It is the standard document format used for Web
pages
• HTML documents are marked using tags
• Some commonly used tags are:
– The <B> tag for making text bold faced.
– The <OL> tag for creating an ordered list
– The <IMG> tag for inserting image
Symbols
• Symbols are
concentrated text in the
form of stand-alone
graphic constructs are
used to convey
meaningful messages
• Symbols used to convey
human emotions are
called emoticons
• Icon are symbolic
representations of
objects and process
Using Text on the Internet
• Navigator such as Mozilla, Internet Explorer
and Edge determine the fonts of your web
page.
• To ensure text is displayed in the desired
way:
– Use a font set
– Use a Cascading Style Sheet
– Embed it in your Web pages
– Change the text into an image
Hypertext System
• The organized cross-linking of words, images
and other web elements
• A system in which words are keyed or
indexed to other words is referred to as a
hypertext system
• Hypertext system enables the user to
navigate through text in a non-linear way
Hypertext System
• Information management and hypertext program
present electronic text, images and other
elements in a database fashion
• Software robots visit Web pages and index
entire web sites
• Hypertext databases make use of proprietary
indexing systems
• Server-based hypertext and database engines
are widely available
Example of Hipertext
• http://muscatcollege.edu.om
Other Resources
• Some of the sources for font shopping
• EyeWire (www.eyewire.com)
• garageFonts (www.garagefonts.com)
• LetterSpace (www.letterspace.com)
• BitStream (www.bitstream.com)
• MyFonts (www.myfonts.com)
• T26 (www.tw6.com)
• P22 (www.p22.com)
• FontHaus (www.fonthaus.com)
THANKS BE TO GOD!
Computing
References
- Tay Vaughan. Multimedia: Making It Work, Ninth Edition. Mc Graw
Hill. 2014. ISBN-13: 978-0071832885.
- Zhe-Nian Li, Mark S. Drew.S & Jiangchuan Liu. Fundamentals of
Multimedia (Texts in Computer Science) 2nd ed. 2014 Edition.
Springer Publication. 2014. ISBN-13: 978-3319052892.
- Khalid Sayood. Introduction to Data Compression, Fourth Edition
(The Morgan Kaufmann Series in Multimedia Information and
Systems) 4th Edition. Elsevier. 2012 ISBN-13: 978-0124157965.
- Savage, T.M., Vogel, K.E. An Introduction to Digital Multimedia 2nd
ed.. 2013. Jones & Bartlett Learning ASIN: B00LZM6ESY.
- Parag Havaldar, Gerard Medioni. Multimedia Systems: Algorithms,
Standards, and Industry Practices (Advanced Topics) 1st Edition.
Cengage Learning. 2011. ISBN-13: 978-1418835941
Computing 26
