INDIVIDUAL ASSIGNMENT

TECHNOLOGY PARK MALAYSIA

CT018-3-1-ICP
INTRODUCTION TO C PROGRAMMING
TAN XIAO RONG TP059541
APU1F2006CS(DA)

HAND OUT DATE: 18 JANUARY 2021

HAND IN DATE: 22 FEBRUARY 2021
WEIGHTAGE: 50%

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES:
1. Submit your assignment online in Moodle unless advised otherwise.

2. Late submission will be awarded zero (0) unless Extenuating Circumstances (EC)
are upheld.

3. Cases of plagiarism will be penalized.

4. You must obtain at least 50% in each component to pass this module.
 Table of Content

1.0 Introduction and Assumption

2.0 Design of the Program

2.1 Pseudocode

2.2 Flow Chart

3.0 Sample of source code

3.1 Sample of output

4.0 Conclusion

5.0 Reference
1.0 Introduction and Assumption

There is a university that requires a telephone directory system. A university is same as an

organization. For a small-scale university or company, there will be at least four different apartments,
and each of the apartments will need at least 3 employees to organize it.

A complete telephone operator system must contain different types of features such as adding
new employees, searching employee’s extension number, updating new numbers for employees,
classifying different departments, etc. According to figure 1, there will be five departments in the
university, each department will be available for a thousand employees inside which means there are
also thousands of extension numbers available to use.

Extension number Department Amount limit

1000 to 1999 ACTUARIAL 1000

3000 to 3999 DATABASE 1000

5000 to 5999 ENGINE 1000

7000 to 7999 FINANCE 1000

9000 to 9999 VISA 1000

Figure 1: Distribution of extension number and department

Each of every number is unique. 9 representative visa department, 7 representative finance

department, 5 representative engine department, 3 representative database department, 1 representative
actuarial department. The limit amount is leaving to future use, it is also available for the sub-department
in the future.

The university is in the scaling phase, and it only has twenty-five employees inside. To record
all the information, there will only require one text file. Inside the text file, there will record four data,
which are, employee name, id, department name, and extension number. When initializing the input, the
program will use the structure to store the data into a list form then store into a text file directly. After
the list is completely generated, it should be able to use the program to open to read, write, or append.

Firstly, there should be ten employees already working in the university, so in the beginning will
input the existing employees by using structures. Secondly, the users should be able to search and update
the employee extension number by input their name and id number. Next, the university is in the scaling
phase, so the system should be allowed to add the new employee into the text file. Lastly, the text file
was adding those employees’ information randomly, so the order of every department must be in a mixed
order. A list must be in a neat status, so it should require sorting those mixed data in every department
stays together. Since, every department has their representative digit, so it should sort those digits in
ascending order. All features should be arranging into a menu function and allowed users to choose
them.
2.0 Design of the program
2.1 Pseudocode
2.2 Flow Chart

Program call menu function Structure declaration

START

START

Declare a record structures name as

employee
menu()

Declare name, id, dept, no

End

END
 Menu function

menu()

Declare choice as empty character variable

Print "|******************* ' w ' WELCOME TO

TELEPHONE DIRECTORY SYSTEM FOR APU STAFF > w <
********************|\n"

Print "\t\t A. Input existed

employee data.\n"

Print "\t\t B. Search

extension number.\n"

Print "\t\t C. Add new

employee.\n"

Print "\t\t D. Update old

number.\n"

Print "\t\t E. Arrange mix

record.\n"

Print "\t\t Enter

selection:"

Read choice

Read i

True
case A
Input break
case a

False

True
case B
Search break
case b

False

True
case C
Add break
case c

False
True
case D
Update break
case d

False
True
case E
List break
case e

False

default Print
"Invalid input.
Adios.

END
 Input function
Input()

Declare fp as a file pointer

Declare i as an empty integer variable

Declare size as an empty integer variable

Define fp as "tel.txt" text file

Open fp in write mode

False True
fp NOT =
NULL

Print "Enter the amount of

employee: "
Print "Error
create file."
Read size of employee
exit to 1
exit to 1
Definestructure
structure employee
employee as emp[size]
as emp[size]

Writeexit
"\n"to into
1 file

True
DO i = 0 TO False
size
exit to 1
Print "\n"
exit to 1
Print "\n"
Flush output buffer

Print "Enter extension

number: "

Close fp
Get string emp[i].no

END
Print "Enter name: "

Get string emp[i].name

Print "Enter ID: "

Get string emp[i].id

Print "Enter department

name: "

Get string emp[i].dept

exit to 1
Print "\n"

write array emp[i].no, emp[i].name,

emp[i].id, emp[i].dept into file
 Search function Search()

Declare fp as a file pointer

Declare content as empty character array

Declare search as empty character array

Declare name_id as empty character array

Declare num as zero integer

Define fp as "tel.txt" text file

Open fp in read mode

exit to 1
Print "Enter name or id: "

exit to 1
Read name_id

False True
fp NOT =
NULL

Print "File
unreadable."
True DOWHILE (fp not False
pointing to end-of-
file)

Get file string as content line by line

Define search as name_id is substring of content

False True
num = 0

True search NOT = False

NULL exit to 1
Print "Invalid input."
Print "Result
found.\n"

exit to 1
Print content

num = 1

break

Close fp

END
 Add()
Add function

Declare fp as a file pointer

Define fp as "tel.txt" text file

Open fp in append mode

Declare i as an empty integer variable

Declare size as an empty integer variable

False True
fp NOT =
NULL

Print "Enter the amount of

employee: "
exit "Error
Print to 1
create file."
Read size of employee
exit to 1
exit to 1
structure
Definestructure employee
employee as emp[size]
as emp[size]

True
DO i = 0 TO False
size
exit to 1
Print "\n"

Flush output buffer

exit to 1
Print "\n"

Print "Enter extension

number: "

Get string emp[i].no Close fp

END
Print "Enter name: "

Get string emp[i].name

Print "Enter ID: "

Get string emp[i].id

Print "Enter department

name: "

Get string emp[i].dept

exit to 1
Print "\n"

write array emp[i].no, emp[i].name,

emp[i].id, emp[i].dept into file
 Update function Update()

Declare fp as a file pointer

Declare ftemp as a file temporary pointer

Define filename as "tel.txt" text file

Declare buffer as character array

Declare old_num as character array

Declare new_num as character array

Declare content as character array

Define fp as filename

Open filename in read mode

Open ftemp in write mode

Search

exit to 1
Print "Enter old number: "

exit to 1
Read old_num

exit to 1
Print "Enter new number: "

exit to 1
Read new_num

False filename OR True

ftemp NOT =
NULL
Printexit
"Unable
to 1 to
open file."

True DOWHILE (Get filename False exit to 1

exit to 0
character array as buffer
NOT = NULL )

rep
END

Put filename character array buffer

to ftemp

Close fp

REMOVE filename

RENAME ftemp
as filename

exit to 1
Print "Update successfully !"

Define fp as filename

Open fp in read mode

False DOWHILE (fp True

NOT in end-
of-file)
Get file
exitcharacter
to 1
array content

exit to 1
Display content

Close fp

END
 List function List()

Define structure employee emp[50]

Declare
Declare content as
content as empty
emptycharacter
character

Declare i as zero integer variable

Declare size as an empty integer variable

Declare num as zero integer

Declare fp as a file pointer

Define fp as "tel.txt" text file

Open fp in read mode

False True
fp NOT =
NULL

content = Get character from fp

Print "No
such file."

True DOWHILE
DOWHILE (content(content
NOT = END-OF- False
FILE)
NOT = END-OF-FILE) exit to00
exit to

Read formatted string from fp END

Define fp as "tel.txt" text file

content = Get character from fp

Increase i value Open fp in write mode

True DOWHILE (content NOT = END-OF- False

DO i = FILE)
0 TO size

Define fp as "tel.txt" text file

Display array
Open fp in read mode

write array into fp

True DOWHILE ((content = False

DOWHILE (content NOT from
Get character = END-OF-FILE)
fp)
NOT= END-OF-FILE)

Display content

Close fp

END
Replace function

rep(str, old_num, new_num)

Declare pos as character array

Declare temp as string

Declare pos as character array

Declare length as empty integer

True DOWHILE ((pos = False

old_num
DOWHILE (contentis substring
NOT = END-OF-FILE)
str) NOT = NULL)

copy temp string as str

count = pos - str

END
str[count] = '\0'

concatenate str with new_num

Concatenate (temp + count + length) to str

Comparator function

comparator(str1, str2)

RETURN string comparing (structure employee extension no value) as str1,

(structure employee extension no value) as str2)
3.0 Sample of source code

Header file content:

Main C file content:

Another C file content:

Use structure to make a block of data.

Menu function:
Input function:

The structure of employee will declare as emp and the emp will be an array. It will use in the loop
condition. For example, if user types 5, then loop will stop until five employee details written.
Search function:
Add function:
Update function and replace function:

This program will declare two file pointers, but one of them will be a temporary file. The temporary
file will record the new content then rename as the original file when the original was remove. The
replace function will copy the current line which to require variable. Then, the replace of new word
will place to the current line, next will need to concatenate the rest of the current line data which
include the backup data, the index of old word and the length of old word to complete a new replace
data (C program to find and replace a word in file - Codeforwin, 2021).
*tmpfile() function is defined in the “stdio.h” header file. The temporary file will atomically deleted
after termination of program.
List function and comparator function:

This function will need to read the formatted string in every line then loop in purpose. When comes to
the comparator function, it will compare the string in each of the line specific string. In this case, it
will compare the extension no itself and sort those data in ascending order (Comparator function of
qsort() in C - GeeksforGeeks, 2021).
3.1 Sample of output

Figure 3.1.1
According to figure 3.1.1, if type other than choice from A to E or, a to e, the program will jump
directly to default and end the program.

Figure 3.1.2
When type a, the program will create and write a file name tel.txt, input extension number, name, id,
department name then records into the file.
 Figure 3.1.3
The program will need user to input employee name or id to search the information.

Figure 3.1.4
The program able to add the new employee information into the text file.
 Figure 3.1.5
The update program will able to search the employee information and input the extension no to renew.
 Figure 3.1.6
The sort of program will sort the extension number. Because the department have their representative
number. The end of this program will display and rewrite the sorted data.
4.0 Conclusion

The university will need the telephone operator system to organize the extension no and basic
information of employee. Due to the university still in the education and business scaling phase, the
must be a lot of preparation cannot be ignored.

In the future, the university will be growing and growing for no doubt. This telephone operator
system can be used for more longer than other temporary system because the amount of employee
limitation will be one thousand. The one thousand space can be extended as sub-department. For
example, visa department have a sub-department and fifty employees. The representative digits of visa
sub-department will be same as visa department, but the number behind the only digits will be different.

In addition, there are fewer pitfalls for the program. Firstly, it would be troublesome if the
program cannot remove the employee who no longer work in the company. Secondly, although the
program can be able to put one thousand amounts of employees’ information but it just one text file
there, it would be uneasy to manage the whole bunch of information.

In conclusion, the program was existed both advantages and setbacks. In the future, the program
should be improved more useful features to cover more possible situation. It could be generated more
text file to record the employee information or adding a removing specific data feature, etc. There are a
lot of possibility inside the programming.
5.0 Reference

1. Robertson, L., 2007. Simple program design. Australia: Thomson.

2. It.iitb.ac.in. 2021. [online] Available at:

<https://www.it.iitb.ac.in/~vijaya/ssrvm/dokuwiki/media/s6_l7_16dec.pdf> [Accessed 18 February 2021].

3. Codeforwin. 2021. C program to find and replace a word in file - Codeforwin. [online] Available at:
<https://codeforwin.org/2018/02/c-program-find-and-replace-a-word-in-file.html> [Accessed 18 February
2021].

4. GeeksforGeeks. 2021. Comparator function of qsort() in C - GeeksforGeeks. [online] Available at:

<https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/comparator-function-of-qsort-in-c/> [Accessed 18 February 2021].