I.

Choose the correct meaning of the underlined word

1. Our baseball team's pitcher has a few eccentric habits, such as throwing exactly
thirteen warm-up pitches and never wearing socks.
A) normal
B) strange
C) messy

2. After the heavy rains, the stream became murky; in fact, the water was so cloudy
you couldn't see the bottom.
A) cloudy
B) bottomless
C) clear

3. The debris on the stadium floor included numerous paper cups, ticket stubs, and
cigarette butts.
A) products
B) papers
C) trash

4. The coach takes every opportunity to censure his players, yet he ignores every
opportunity to praise them.
A) approve of
B) criticize
C) choose

5. The newlyweds agreed to be very frugal in their shopping because they wanted to
save enough money to buy a house.
A) economical
B) wasteful
C) interested

6. Although Alex usually looks unkempt, he had a very neat appearance at his job
interview.
A) orderly
B) handsome
C) messy

II. In the sentences below, which type of context clue is provided for
the underlined word?

7. I'm looking for a unique gift for my boyfriend; he appreciates unusual things.
A) example
B) synonym
C) antonym / contrast

8. Expecting that his license would be renewed, the pilot was surprised when it was
revoked instead.
 A) example
B) synonym
C) antonym

III. READING COMPREHENSION

1.Due to the fact that the demand for tea was very high in the 19th
century, its price was astronomical.
A) It was not until the 19th century that the demand for tea started to increase.
B) The demand for tea was so high in the 19th century that its price was
enormous.
C) In the 19th century the price for tea didn't increase despite the demand.
D) It was its astronomical price which decreased the demand for tea in the
19th century.
E) In the 19th century, even though the demand for tea was enormous. Its
price remained cheap.

2. French is the only language other than English spoken on five

continents.
A) French and English are the only languages that are spoken on five
continents.
B) Unlike French, English is spoken on five continents.
C) French and English are spoken widely in official and commercial circles.
D) Before English, French was the only language spoken on five continents.
E) Worldwide, French is the most widely taught second language after
English.

3. Adults laugh less than children, probably because they play less.
A) Unlike adults, children laugh more while playing games.
B) Since adults have less time playing games; they don't laugh as much as
children
C) No matter how much adults play, they can't laugh more than children.
D) It seems that adults, who don't laugh much, didn't play much with other
children when they were young.
E) The reason why adults laugh less than children might be that they play
less.

4. We must remember what happened in the past so that it will never

happen again.
A) If we could remember the past, it would not happen again.
B) Since we all tend to forget what happened in the past we make the same
mistakes again.
C) We couldn't remember what happened in the past so we did it again.
D) In order not to repeat the past, we should certainly not forget what
happened then.
E) Those who couldn't remember what happened in the past were more likely
to repeat it.

5. After failing a doping test at the Seoul Olympics, Ben Johnson was
stripped of his gold medal.
A) At the Seoul Olympics Ben Johnson and many others were disqualified
after failing a doping test.
B) If Ben Johnson hadn't been tested positive for doping at the Seoul
Olympics, he wouldn't have lost his gold medal.
C) Since Ben Johnson confessed to having used doping his gold medal was
taken back.
D) As Ben Johnson failed the doping test again at the Seoul Olympics, he was
stripped of his gold medal.
E) Although Ben Johnson failed the doping test he wasn't disqualified from the
Seoul Olympics.

Passage 1 - Opera
Opera refers to a dramatic art form, originating in Europe, in which the
emotional content is conveyed to the audience as much through music, both
vocal and instrumental, as it is through the lyrics. By contrast, in musical
theater an actor's dramatic performance is primary, and the music plays a
lesser role. The drama in opera is presented using the primary elements of
theater such as scenery, costumes, and acting. However, the words of the
opera, or libretto, are sung rather than spoken. The singers are accompanied
by a musical ensemble ranging from a small instrumental ensemble to a full
symphonic orchestra.

1. It is pointed out in the reading that opera…

A) has developed under the influence of musical theater
B) is a drama sung with the accompaniment of an orchestra
C) is not a high-budget production
D) is often performed in Europe
E) is the most complex of all the performing arts

2. We can understand from the reading that…

A) people are captivated more by opera than musical theater
B) drama in opera is more important than the music
C) orchestras in operas can vary considerably in size
D) musical theater relies above all on music
E) there is argument over whether the music is important or the words in
opera

3. It is stated in the reading that…

A) acting and costumes are secondary to music in musical theater
B) many people find musical theater more captivating than opera
C) music in musical theater is not as important as it is in opera
D) an opera requires a huge orchestra as well as a large choir
E) opera doesn't have any properties in common with musical theater

Passage 2 - Dolphins
Dolphins are regarded as the friendliest creatures in the sea and stories of
them helping drowning sailors have been common since Roman times. The
more we learn about dolphins, the more we realize that their society is more
complex than people previously imagined. They look after other dolphins
when they are ill, care for pregnant mothers and protect the weakest in the
community, as we do. Some scientists have suggested that dolphins have a
language but it is much more probable that they communicate with each other
without needing words. Could any of these mammals be more intelligent than
man? Certainly the most common argument in favor of man's superiority over
them that we can kill them more easily than they can kill us is the least
satisfactory. On the contrary, the more we discover about these remarkable
creatures, the less we appear superior when we destroy them.

4. It is clear from the passage that dolphins…

A) don't want to be with us as much as we want to be with them
B) are proven to be less intelligent than once thought
C) have a reputation for being friendly to humans
D) are the most powerful creatures that live in the oceans
E) are capable of learning a language and communicating with humans

5. The fact that the writer of the passage thinks that we can kill dolphins
more easily than they can kill us…
A) means that they are better adapted to their environment than we are
B) shows that dolphins have a very sophisticated form of communication
C) proves that dolphins are not the most intelligent species at sea
D) does not mean that we are superior to them
E) proves that Dolphins have linguistic skills far beyond what we previously
thought
6. One can infer from the reading that…
A) dolphins are quite abundant in some areas of the world
B) communication is the most fascinating aspect of the dolphins
C) dolphins have skills that no other living creatures have such as the ability to
think
D) it is not usual for dolphins to communicate with each other
E) dolphins have some social traits that are similar to those of humans

Passage 3 - Unsinkable Ship

Naval architects never claim that a ship is unsinkable, but the sinking of the
passenger-and-car ferry Estonia in the Baltic surely should have never have
happened. It was well designed and carefully maintained. It carried the proper
number of lifeboats. It had been thoroughly inspected the day of its fatal
voyage. Yet hours later, the Estonia rolled over and sank in a cold, stormy
night. It went down so quickly that most of those on board, caught in their
dark, flooding cabins, had no chance to save themselves: Of those who
managed to scramble overboard, only 139 survived. The rest died of
hypothermia before the rescuers could pluck them from the cold sea. The final
death toll amounted to 912 souls. However, there were an unpleasant number
of questions about why the Estonia sank and why so many survivors were
men in the prime of life, while most of the dead were women, children and the
elderly.

7. One can understand from the reading that…

A) the lifesaving equipment did not work well and lifeboats could not be
lowered
B) design faults and incompetent crew contributed to the sinking of the
Estonia ferry
C) 139 people managed to leave the vessel but died in freezing water
D) naval architects claimed that the Estonia was unsinkable
E) most victims were trapped inside the boat as they were in their cabins

8. It is clear from the passage that the survivors of the accident…

A) helped one another to overcome the tragedy that had affected them all
B) were mostly young men but women, children and the elderly stood little
chance
C) helped save hundreds of lives
D) are still suffering from severe post-traumatic stress disorder
E) told the investigators nothing about the accident
9. According to the passage, when Estonia sank, …
A) there were only 139 passengers on board
B) few of the passengers were asleep
C) there were enough lifeboats for the number of people on board
D) faster reaction by the crew could have increased the Estonia's chances of
survival
E) all the passengers had already moved out into the open decks

Passage 4 - Erosion in America

Erosion of America's farmland by wind and water has been a problem since
settlers first put the prairies and grasslands under the plow in the nineteenth
century. By the 1930s, more than 282 million acres of farmland were damaged
by erosion. After 40 years of conservation efforts, soil erosion has accelerated
due to new demands placed on the land by heavy crop production. In the
years ahead, soil erosion and the pollution problems it causes are likely to
replace petroleum scarcity as the nation's most critical natural resource
problem.

10. As we understand from the reading, today, soil erosion in America…

A) causes humans to place new demands on the land
B) is worse than it was in the nineteenth century
C) happens so slowly that it is hardly noticed
D) is the most critical problem that the nation faces
E) is worse in areas which have a lot of petroleum production

11. The author points out in the passage that erosion in America…
A) has damaged 282 million acres ever since settlers first put the prairies and
grasslands under the plow
B) has been so severe that it has forced people to abandon their settlements
C) occurs only in areas with no vegetation
D) can become a more serious problem in the future
E) was on the decline before 1930s
12. It is pointed out in the reading that in America…
A) petroleum is causing heavy soil erosion and pollution problems
B) heavy crop production is necessary to meet the demands and to prevent a
disaster
C) soil erosion has been hastened due to the overuse of farming lands
D) water is undoubtedly the largest cause of erosion
E) there are many ways to reduce erosion

IV. Read the following passages and underline the

irrelevant sentences in each paragraph.
1. Garfield
(I) Garfield is a comic strip featuring the cat Garfield, the pet dog Odie, and
their socially inept owner Jon Arbuckle. (II) The main character is Garfield,
who is a lazy, overweight, orange cat. (III) He considers himself to be more
intelligent than humans or dogs. (IV) He was named Garfield after his
grandfather. (V) He hates Mondays and loves lasagna apparently.

2. Alfred Hitchcock
(I) With more than fifty feature films Alfred Hitchcock remains one of the most
popular directors of all time. (II) Hitchcock's films draw heavily on both fear
and fantasy. (III) He began directing in the United Kingdom. (IV) They often
portray innocent people caught up in circumstances beyond their
understanding. (V) The movie Rebecca, which evokes the fears of a young
bride, is a good example of this.

3. Doping
(I) Doping is the use of drugs to try to improve sports performance. (II) This
practice is banned by sports federations throughout the world. (III) Athletes
need to know which substances are banned in sport. (IV) The use of drugs
during athletic festivals is evident. (V) Furthermore, they must make sure that
any product or medication they take does not contain a prohibited substance.
1. Look closely at the image above (30 seconds timed). Think about these three
questions:
❖ What is going on in this picture?
❖ What do you see that makes you say that?
❖ What more can you find?
2. Describe the image with the most quantity of adjectives you could say in 90 seconds