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Module 7. The Cell

The document provides an introduction to the cell as the basic structural and functional unit of life. It discusses that living things made of single cells are unicellular, while those made of many cells are multicellular. The learning outcomes are to understand cell parts, differentiate plant and animal cells, relate cell functions, and appreciate cell scientists. The first lesson introduces the cell theory - that cells are the basic unit of life, all living things are composed of cells, and all cells arise from existing cells. Key contributors to the cell theory are also mentioned.

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111 views1 page

Module 7. The Cell

The document provides an introduction to the cell as the basic structural and functional unit of life. It discusses that living things made of single cells are unicellular, while those made of many cells are multicellular. The learning outcomes are to understand cell parts, differentiate plant and animal cells, relate cell functions, and appreciate cell scientists. The first lesson introduces the cell theory - that cells are the basic unit of life, all living things are composed of cells, and all cells arise from existing cells. Key contributors to the cell theory are also mentioned.

Uploaded by

Pretty Swan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SCIENCE 7 UNIT 2: THE LIVING THINGS AND THE ENVIRONMENT

MODULE 7: THE CELL


Introduction

The cell is the basic structural and functional unit of life. All living things are made up
of cells. Living things which are made up of many cells are called multicellular organisms.
Those that are made up of only one cell are called unicellular organisms. Cytology is the study
of cell. A biologist who studies cells is called a cellular biologist or cytologist.

Learning Outcomes:
At the end of this module, the students must be able to:
• state the principles of cell theory;
• identify and describe the parts of plant cell and animal cell;
• differentiate plant and animal cells according to presence or absence of certain
organelles;
• relate the functions of the different parts of the plant and animal cell and;
• appreciate the scientists involved in the study of cells

Lesson 1. Cell Theory


The cell theory is one of the basic principles of biology. It holds some of the very fundamental
claims that are essential to our concept of life on earth. According to this theory, the cell serves
as the structural, physiological, systematic, and organizational unit of life.
In 1665, knowledge about the cell began when Robert Hooke examined thin slices of cork.
He observed tiny hollow boxes that looked like a honeycomb. Hooke called the empty chambers
he saw “cells” because they reminded him of the small rooms in a monastery. Hooke’s discovery
paved the way for the rest of the discoveries about the structure and function of cells.
In 1838, German scientists Matthias Schleiden found that the plant parts he examined
were made of cells. He made the generalization that all plants are made of cells. In 1839,
Theodore Schwann through his microscopic investigation of animal parts led him to generalized
that all animals are made of cells. He further proposed that all living organisms are made of cells.
Rudolf Virchow in 1858 theorized that all living cells come from preexisting living cells. He
concluded that cells reproduce to form new cells. The ideas of Schleiden, Schwann, and Virchow
forms the basis what is now called the cell theory. The cell theory consists of the following
principles:
1. Cells are the basic unit of life.
2. All living things are composed of cells.
3. All cells arise from existing cells.

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