Module 3 | Topic 3.
Technological Change
Heavenly Father,
Thank you for ways in which you provide for us all.
For your protection and love we thank you.
Help us to focus our hearts and minds, now on what we are about
to learn.
Inspire us by your holy spirit as we listen and write.
Guide us by your eternal light,
As we discover more about the world around us
Amen.
Let Us Pray
Reminders:
• Prelim Grading (required submissions)
• No Prelim Exam (50% of PG)
• Faculty Online Class Performance Evaluation
• Exam Results (48pts) +K!
• NO PRELIM EXAM
A short recap, last time we discussed about…
In the first module, we learned about the digital age, history of digital
revolution and its cultural and ecological impacts.
Meanwhile, the second module includes topics on the digital divide, its impacts
and some strategies in bridging the gap.
And lastly, we discussed about the information privacy and information
technology (IT) ethics, as well as some terminologies relating to issues in
computer ethics.
We also defined the cybercrime and the different types of cybercrime attacks
that is punishable by law.
Intended Learning Outcome (ILO)
At the end of the lesson, the students are expected to:
define what technological change is;
explain the complex role of technology in social life;
construct an account of the relationship between
technology and society; and
analyze how societies are shaped because of
technological change;
Topics to be discussed:
1. What is a technology and technological change?
2. Stages of technological change.
3. The impact of technological change on society.
4. The positive and negative effect of technological
change.
What is technology?
Technology
• Technology is the set of knowledge, skills, experience and techniques through which
humans change, transform and use our environment in order to create tools, machines,
products, and services that meet our needs and desires.
• Technology concerns itself with understanding how knowledge is creatively
applied to organized tasks involving people and machines that meet sustainable
goals.
There are three important aspects to this definition:
1. Technology is about taking action to meet a human need
2. It uses facts, practical craft knowledge rather than theoretical knowledge
3. It involves organized ways of doing things
Source: https://www.what-is.info/what-is-technology.html
Source: https://www.open.edu/openlearn/science-maths-technology/engineering-and-technology/technology/what-technology
Technological Change
Technological change is an increase in the
efficiency of a product or process that
results in an increase in output without an
increase in input.
Technological change is a term used to
describe incremental change in the quality
and quantity of knowledge and ideas that
are applied in the stream of activities to
enhance the social and economic well
being of the society.
Source: Source : https://study.com/academy/lesson/what-is-a-technological-change-definition-advantages-impact-examples.html
Source: “Technological Change and Economic Transformation” by Musa Jega Ibrahim
Image Source: google.com
Stages of Technological Change
Stages of Technological Change
The Schumpeterian trilogy divides the technological change
process into three stages
Source: https://ijecm.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/383.pdf
3 Stages of Technological Change
• The first stage is the invention process, encompassing the generation of new ideas.
Invention •
•
Invention is forming a new thought having a potential to apply in economy.
It is assumed that the frequency of inventions was determined by the scientific knowledge and the
invention is dispersed in almost accidental way in time
• The second stage is the innovation process encompassing the development of new ideas into
marketable products and processes. Innovations is the first commercial application stage of invention.
• Developing innovations is determined by the technologic and economic conditions, in which the firm
(making innovation) is. Innovations may be intensified in certain periods and sectors, because in order
Innovation for a radical innovation to be able to use its all technological potential, many complementary (small)
innovations are needed.
• In other words, after a radical (successful) innovation, technologic change follow a certain way defined
as ―technological trajectory.
• Invention becomes applicable in industry and this can realize after a long time from the invention.
Source: https://ijecm.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/383.pdf
3 Stages of Technological Change
• The third stage is the diffusion stage, in which the new products and processes spread across the
potential market
Diffusion • Spread of innovation provides economic growth and increase in employment
• This emerging process of invention-innovation-spread cause’s business cycles in the economy
• Technologic innovation, as an internal element of economy, becomes the most important factor
providing the dynamic of economic development.
Source: https://ijecm.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/383.pdf
Major impacts of technological change
Major Impacts of Technological Change
1. Creates new products and processes
2. Increases efficiency, lower cost
3. Helps economies evolve
4. Decreases self-reliance
Source: https://study.com/academy/lesson/what-is-a-technological-change-definition-advantages-impact-examples.html
Impact to Society
Technological Change
Impact to Society or “Social Change”
o The term social change is used to indicate the changes that take place in human interactions and interrelations.
Social change means a change in the system of social relationships.
o Science and technology are essential ingredients of modern life. They transcend local boundaries and touches
the lives of everyone.
o The evolution of humanity can be seen in terms of technological development as well.
o The invention of fire and the wheel changed the face of humankind.
o The technological factors represent the conditions created by men that have a profound influence on his life.
o Technology is the product of civilization.
Source: https://study.com/academy/lesson/what-is-a-technological-change-definition-advantages-impact-examples.html
Technological Change
Technology and Industrialization
o Technology has contributed to the growth of industries or to the process of industrialization.
o Industrialization is a term covering in general terms the growth in a society mainly agrarian of modern industry
with all its circumstances and problems, economic and social.
o It describes in general terms the growth of a society in which a significant role is played by the manufacturing
industry.
o Industrialization is associated with the factory system of production.
o The process of industrialization has affected nature, character, and the growth of the economy.
o It has contributed to the growth of cities or the process of urbanization.
Source: https://study.com/academy/lesson/what-is-a-technological-change-definition-advantages-impact-examples.html
Technological Change
Technology and Urbanization
o In many countries, the growth of industries has contributed to the growth of cities.
o Urbanization denotes a diffusion of the influence of urban centers on a rural hinterland.
o Urbanization can be described as a process of becoming urban moving to cities changing from agriculture to
other pursuits typical to cities and the corresponding change of behavior patterns.
o As a result of industrialization, people have started moving towards the industrial areas in search of employment.
o Due to this, the industrial sectors developed into towns and cities.
Source: https://study.com/academy/lesson/what-is-a-technological-change-definition-advantages-impact-examples.html
Technological Change
Technology and Modernization
o Modernization is a process that indicates the adoption of modern ways of life and values.
o It refers to an attempt on the part of the people, particularly those who are custom-bound to adapt themselves
to the present time, conditions, needs, styles, and ways in general.
o It indicates a change in people's food habits, dress habits, speaking styles, tastes, choices, preferences, ideas,
values, recreational activities, and so on.
o People in the process of getting modernized give more importance to science and technology.
o The scientific and technological inventions have modernized societies in various countries.
Source: https://study.com/academy/lesson/what-is-a-technological-change-definition-advantages-impact-examples.html
Technological Change
Development of the means of
transportation and communication
o The development of transport and communication has led to national and international trade on a large scale.
o Road transport, the train service, the ships, and airplanes have eased the movement of men and material goods.
o Post and telegraph, radio and television, newspapers and magazines, telephone and wireless and the like have
developed a great deal.
o The space research and the launching of the satellites for communication purposes have further added to these
developments. They have helped the people belonging to different corners of the nation or the world to have
regular contacts.
Source: https://study.com/academy/lesson/what-is-a-technological-change-definition-advantages-impact-examples.html
Technological Change
Transformation in the economy &
evolution of new social classes
o The introduction of the factory system of production has turned the agricultural economy into an industrial
economy.
o The industrial or the capitalist economy has divided the social organization into two predominant classes- the
capitalist class and the working class.
o These two classes are always at conflict due to mutually opposite interests.
Source: https://study.com/academy/lesson/what-is-a-technological-change-definition-advantages-impact-examples.html
Technological Change
Technology and Unemployment
o The problem of unemployment has become the effect of rapid technological advancement.
o Machines not only provide employment opportunities for men, but they also take away the jobs of men through
labor-saving devices.
o These results in technological unemployment
Source: https://study.com/academy/lesson/what-is-a-technological-change-definition-advantages-impact-examples.html
Technological Change
Technology and War
o The dangerous effect of technology is evident through the new mode of warfare.
o The weaponry has brought fears and anxieties to humankind. They can quickly destroy the entire human race to
reveal how technology could be misused.
o Thus more significant the technological advancement, the more risk for humanity
Source: https://study.com/academy/lesson/what-is-a-technological-change-definition-advantages-impact-examples.html
Technological Change
Changes in social institutions
o Technology has profoundly altered our modes of life. Technology has not spared the social institutions of its
effects. The institutions of family, religion, morality, marriage, state, property have been altered.
o Modern technology is taking away industry from the household has radically changed the family organization.
Many functions of the family have been taken away by other agencies.
o Marriage is losing its sanctity. It is treated as a civil contract than a sacred bond.
o Marriages are becoming more and more unstable. Instances of divorce, desertion, and separation are increasing.
o Technology has elevated the status of women, but it has also contributed to the stresses and strains in the
relations between men and women at home.
Source: https://study.com/academy/lesson/what-is-a-technological-change-definition-advantages-impact-examples.html
Negative effects of technology on society
Negative effect of technology on society
1. Relationships can be harmed by too much tech use.
2. Young people are losing the ability to interact face-to-face.
3. Technology is addictive.
4. Technology is leading us to sedentary lifestyles.
5. The vast use of tech solutions is likely to result in poor social skills.
6. Plagiarism and cheating have increased while analysis and critical
thinking have declined.
7. Among the most dangerous effects of technology is obesity. Being
absorbed by a laptop or a tablet, people tend to snack a lot, keep late
hours, and exercise less.
8. One of the most dramatic impacts of technology is the decline in the
quality and quantity of sleep.
Source: Source : https://www.businessinsider.com/technology-negative-bad-effects-society-2019-8#relationships-can-be-harmed-by-too-much-tech-use-7
Positive effects of technology on society
Positive effect of technology on society
1. Predicting air quality in cities within
minutes
2. Technology and the sea
3. Open data for smart cities
4. Smart cars and machine learning
5. Travels with A.I.
Source :https://www.polidea.com/blog/positivetech-positive-effects-of-technology-on-society/
Questions?
Activity 3.1: Research work
Go to your Canvas…
Topic 3.1: Summary
In this Lesson we defined the technology and some of its important aspects
such as meeting a human’s need, practical craft knowledge, and
organization.
We also discussed the “technological change” and examine some of its
applications in the modern world.
We learned about the stages of technological change based on
“Schumpeterian trilogy” i.e. invention, innovation, and diffusion
There are four (4) major impacts of technological change e.g. creation of new
products and processes, efficiency, economic evolution and decreased self
reliance
Lastly we have identified the impacts of technological change to different
sectors of society including the negative and positive effects.
Thank You!
References
1. What is technology? (2020) Retrieve from https://www.what-is.info/what-is-technology.html
2. Definition of technological change? (2020) Retrieve from
https://programsandcourses.anu.edu.au/course/socy1006#terms
3. Impacts of technological change (2020) Retrieve from https://study.com/academy/lesson/what-is-a-
technological-change-definitionadvantages-impact-examples.html
4. Impacts of technological change on society (2020) Retrieve from https://www.sociologyguide.com/social-
change/impact-of-technology-change.php
5. Negative effects of technological change (2020) Retrieve from https://kidslox.com/blog/top-5-negative-effects-of-
technology-you-even-dont-suspect/ | https://www.businessinsider.com/technology-negative-bad-effects-society-
2019-8#relationships-can-be-harmed-by-too-much-tech-use-7
6. Positive effects of technological change (2020) Retrieve from https://www.polidea.com/blog/positivetech-
positive-effects-of-technology-on-society/
