AH

INTRODUCTION v mi. )ZA

TO THE

SCIENCE OF BOTA
CHIEFLY EXTRACTED FROM THE

WORKS OF LINNAEUS;
TO WHICH ARE ADDSD,

SEVERAL NEW TABLES AND NOTES,

AND

A LIFE OF THE AUTHOR,

BY THE LATE JAMES LEE,

I^RSgRTMAK, AMD FLORIST, AT THE VINEYARr, HAMMERSMtTK.

FOURTH EDITION, CORRECTED AND ENLARGED.

BY JAMES LEE,
SOH AND SUCCESSOR TO THE AUTHOR.

LONDON:
TAINTED TOR r. C. AND J. RIVINGTON ; WILKlE AND ROBIN-
SON; j. walker; white and co.; loncman, hurst, rres,
a:<d ormi; cadell anddavius; lackincton, allen, an»
co.; 3. booker; mawman; b. crosby and co. w.
1. ;

BAY 9 El ; SHERWOOD, NEEI.Y, AND JOXEBJ J. JOHNSON AK»

"© .
; A!?D C A^D P.. BALDWIN.

J
 DEDICATION.

TO JAMES EDWARD SMITH, M. D.

PRESIDENT OF THE LINN JEAN SOCIETY

&C. &C.

Vineyard, Hammersmith, May 1, 1810.

SIR,
There is no gentleman in this

country better able to appreciate the merit of my

fathers work on Botany, than yourself ; and when
considered at what an early period of the esta-
it is

blishment of the true science his " Introduction"

came forth, and how much it has done to introduce
the Sexual System to the notice of the public, it

cannot fail to be pleasing to you, who are daily ad-

vancing the Science of Botany, to see the same work
continued in its publication, with all the modern
improvements, which have poured in like a torrent

upon the botanist, and made the science assume, as

it were, a new face. Although many elementary
a 2
iv DEDICATION".

works have since appeared, still I believe I may

with confidence assert, that none has been contrived
on a more useful plan than the present one; nor can
any work boast of so many useful Tables, by all
acknowledged to be extremely necessary for constant

reference, and which makes the present work an in-

valuable companion to all persons who are anxious

to acquire the true knowledge of plants. Unless for
these Tables, first contrived by my father, your
admirable " Introduction to Systematic Botany"
would have superseded the necessity of the republi-
cation of the present edition : but these Tables,
peculiar to our publication, renders our work of great
public utility: and you will find, Sir, that we have
here paid very considerable attention to the Tables,
and even ventured to add some additional ones. I
have the honour to remain,

Dear Sir,

With the greatest respect and devotion,

Your obliged and faithful servant,

JAMES LEE,
 SKETCH
OF THE

LIFE AND WRITINGS

OF

THE LATE JAMES LEE,

BY ROBERT JOHN THORNTON, M. D.

The lives of Botanists seldom present any very

remarkable features to interest the general reader.
The destroyers of kingdoms, like the history of high-
waymen in the Newgate Calendar, engross the at-
tention of the majority of mankind. Adam, in his

state of primitive virtue, cultivating Paradise with

Eve, has, with some, less of attraction than when he

viewed the dismal fruits of the fall of man, seen in
the murder of Abel by Cain. Still, however, there
are to be found persons, who gather delight in the
short account of British Worthies, whose trophies
are bloodless, to reading of the feats of men whose
actions are a disgrace to humanity.

Mr. James Lee was born at Selkirk, in Scotland,

of respectable parents ; and being a youth of very

 MEMOIRS OF THE

promising talents,he was sent to England in the

year 1713, to be under the immediate protection of
the Earl of Ila, who continued his education, and
gave him the free use of his library. He had an
early love for plants, and studied Botany at a pe-
riod when few persons in England had any know-
ledge of the science. In his time a meteor appeared
in the North, which was the great LIN NiEUS, who
was born in the year 1707. As the foundation of
the reputation of Lee depended upon the Reform that

this transcendent genius wrought in Botany, and

since his " Introduction to Botany" as he expresses
in the title-page, is but a transcript of the mind of
that most distinguished naturalist, it may not be im-
proper in a work like the present, to say a few words
respecting the progress of the Science of Botany.
Previous to the time of Linnaeus, Nehemiah
Grew, an Englishman, flourished a very eminent
physiologist, who consulted not books, but Nature,
and wrote his " Vegetable Anatomy" in 16'82. In
thiswork he mentions the Sexes of Plants, relating
a conversation he held on the subject, with Sir Tho-
mas Milling ton, Savilian Professor of Natural
History at Oxford, and President of the Royal Lon-
don College of Physicians. Sebastian Vaillant
also wrote " a Discourse on the Structure of Flowers **

confirming the doctrine of the Sexes of Plants, which

LinnvEUS acknowledges to have read, and which
might have laid the foundation of his building up a
 LATE JAMES LEE. Vll

System on this important discovery. Tournefort

also flourished before the period of Linnaeus, and his
fame in 1683, procured him the appointment of
Botanic Professor in the King's Garden. At the ex-
pense of the King of France, in pursuit of plants, he
travelled over all the countries of Europe, and spent
three years in the Levant. His glory is, to have
formed a System, beautiful in itself, but suited to a
limited knowledge of plants, which could then be
accommodated to such a system ; and to have in-

vented the method of forming plants into their re-

spective Genera, since perfected by LinNjEus. His
"
"Elements of Botany 'evince a vast knowledge of the
genera and the species of plants, and this botanical

work is one of which the French are, even to the

present day, passionately fond. He rose to be Pre-
sident of the head of the faculty at Paris. This illu-

strious botanist was born in 1656, and died in 1707,

the same year that Linnaeus came into the world.

Ray was the contemporary of Tournefort, some-

what prior, being born in 1628, and from his studies

at Cambridge, his health declined, and he was.

obliged, for its recovery, to go much in the fields. In

these excursions, plants naturally presented them-
selves, and he hence became enamoured of the science
of Botany. He first published a " Catalogue of the
Plants growing about Cambridge.'" Travelling
abroad, his vast mind collected a knowledge of various
 Vlll MEMOIRS OF THE

plants, and, like Tournefort, he wished to dispose

these into a method, and invented a celebrated

° System" more perfect than that of Tournefort,
but less simple and practical than that of Ik vn^eus ;
•and arranged under his own System, the " Ilistoria
Planiarum " " a History of Plants," in three large

folio volumes, being a description of all the species

of plants known at that period.

The botanical world found the chaotic mass some-

what removed by these illustrious men : but still the
science of Botany was of difficult attainment, and
many new Plants could not be reduced to the Systems
of either Tournefort or Ray, when LINN7EUS
turned his attention to this science. He soon be-
came the pride and wonder of the age ! Like the
sun, when he flourished, all preceding botanists hid

their diminished heads, and are now only read to

know the state of natural science before the period
of Linnjeus ! He ranged throughout every path of
Nature, and left nothing unattcmpted or unaccom-
plished ! He may be truly said to have lived, if life

is to be computed by acquisitions, for he saw and

described more than others had seen and done in a
thousand years, and each day Avith him appears, from
his gigantic achievements, an age ! He introduced
truth, order, precision, and perfection, into Natu-
ral History ! He borrowed from none, his labours
are all original ! Attacked by numerous and ran-
 LATE JAMES LEE.

corous adversaries, who cowardly and morosely ad-

dressed the prejudices of the vulgar against him, he
only retorted by embellishing his portrait with a mon-
key teasing a bear, in allusion to their characters, and
sensible of his own. His " Sexual System" hrst proved
his uncommon genius. His " Philosophic Botanica"
"Botanical Philosophy," cleared away all the obscuri-
ties in Botany, and formed it into a science. His
" Genera Plant arum" containing a full description of
the minutest parts of each genus of plants, showed
the most consummate patience, the nicest observation,

and the greatest skill. His " Species Plantarum" and

u
his Si/stema Naturce ," "Species of Plants, "and "Sys-
tem of Nature," evince not only such an acquaintance
with all plants, as is truly astonishing, but also with all

the wonderful works of (rod throughout nature. His

" travels" and works on " medicine" are only little

considered from the superlative excellence of his other

labours. He was honoured and encouraged by the
patronage of the King and Queen of Sweden. His
only opponent in this country was Sir Hans Sloane,
President of the Royal Society, who was envious of
his fame, and who treated him, when in this coun-
try, somewhat rudely. Adored, beloved, honoured,
LiNNiEUS saw his darling pursuits advance with rapid

steps, not only in Sweden, but throughout every

country of Europe, and himself looked up to as the
Father of Natural History. Pupils of his
own choice, supported by his government, traversed
X MEMOIRS OF THE

the globe, and sent him its produce to arrange.

When he died, in the year 1778, the King of Swe-
den, in his annual address, mentioned him as a pub-
lic loss, and the whole university attended his fune-

ral ; and there was also, on this occasion, a general

mourning.

Lee, who was passionately fond of Botany, in all

probability saw Linnaeus when he visited this

country; and it is well known, that he after-

wards corresponded with that naturalist, and sent

him specimens of such rare plants as were in his

possession.

The Earl of Ila, observing the bent of the mind

of Lee, promoted his entering into partnership with
Mr. Kennedy, who was a nurseryman and florist of
some eminence at that period, at Hammersmith.

It was there he conceived and executed the plan

of transfusing into our language, the learned im-
provements of the great Linnaeus, and his System ;

and he preferred the form, he then gave it, to a lite-

ral translation of the " Philosophia BotaniccT of that

great genius. It commences with the flower, as
being the part most attractive and interesting to the
young botanist and the ; first ten chapters give a clear
exposition of the seven component parts of fructifica-
tion : in the next ten chapters the reader is advanced
 LATE JAMES LEE.

into the difficulties of the science ; and the twenty-

firstchapter treats of the Sexes of Plants. In Li.\ -
NiEus's " Philosopliia Botanicci" the learner, on the
contrary, is made to bedu from the root in the around,
and may thus get disgusted with the science at the very

onset. In laying down his principles, Linn.eus gave

few or no examples ; this he probably reserved for his
lectures, and we may here remark, that his fame
had attracted to Upsal three thousand pupils, some
of whom were nobles ; and that persons from all

countries flocked to him, even from our own. The

distinguishing merit of Lee's work is, that it abounds
with examples. There is scarce a single axiom laid
down, but four or rive illustrations are given ; and
this arose from his being practically acquainted not
only with native plants, of which he had formed a
large and valuable Hortus Siccus, but also with ex-
otic botanv.

He next explains, in what he calls Part II., the

Sexual Sy stem oi LinNjEus, and illustrates the Classes

andOrders by an enumeration of all the Genera which

arrange themselves under this system. By some, this

crowding in of names may be objected; but it may

be right to observe, that the chief merit of this Intro-

duction is, that he does not go slovenly to work, and

an idle person can never expect to become a bo-
tanist.
Xll 'MEMOIRS OF THE

He treats next of the Genera of Plants, entering

upon the discoveries of former botanists, and closes
this part with Tabular Illustrations, the merit
of which mode of instruction must be acknowledged
by every person.

The science of Botany may be compared to a lad-

der, being only an artificial aid by which we mount
up to a knowledge of plants. Parts I. and II. may
be called the First Steps in Botany. It may be
objected by some, that he has no where given us the
derivations of the terms used in this science ; but it

should be observed, that he wrote principally for the

unlearned, and calls his book only an ''Introduction."

The next great advance in Botany is, the know-

ledge of the species of plants ; and to obtain this,

the student must make more progress into the

science of Botany. The genera are founded upon the
fructification alone, the species upon all the parts of
plants. In Part III. he lays down the general plan,
then treats of roots, trunks, leaves, &c. which he
does in a very able manner, often giving many ex-
amples, illustrative of the terms ; and he closes with
some more useful Tables, and a short exposition
of all the terms of Botany, being a direct translation
of the "Termini Botanici" of Linnaeus, finishing
with Plates, copied from Linnaeus, which, in this
 LATE JAMES LEE. xiii

new edition, are considerably improved. We need not

here enter widely into the merits of this work, which
has gone through several editions, and is generally
the first book that the botanist purchases ; and has
laid the foundation of the knowledge of Botany,
which principally exists at this day.

Other introductions possess also considerable merit.

The learned President of the Linnaean Society has
favoured the world with one that surpasses, from its

clearness and elegance, all power of praise, but still

they wantTAELEs; and, lam persuaded, this will ever

hold its rank, as a popular Introduction, and even
attract more purchasers, from this very consideration
of the many useful Tables it contains.

The " Elements of Botany" by Rose, which is a

more direct translation of the " Philosophia Botanica'
of Linn/eus, possessing the same order, though de-
servedly recommended, has fallen into general disuse
from this very cause, and so we may predict of all

the other elementary books on the science of Botany.

But, to return to the subject of our memoir. The

great Linn^us felt no jealousy at the manner Lee
had adopted to diffuse Botany amongst his country-

men ;
but, on the contrary, in testimony to his
knowledge, named a new plant after him, Leea.
xiv .MEMOIRS OF THE

But the knowledge of Mr. Lee was not confined

to Botany, he was also an adept in etymology, con-
chology, and natural history in general, of which he
made a most superb collection, which is still in the

possession of his son ; and this cabinet, possessing

many unique specimens of insects and shells, is often

quoted by Fabricius, and other eminent authors.

He sent out persons to different quarters of the

globe, to collect new plants ; and his extensive

stoves, green-house, and nursery, was the empo-

rium of all that was curious and interesting in

Botany. He discovered what islands had belonged

to Europe, and w hat to Asia, by the heath (erica),
which is abundantly dispersed over Europe, Africa,
and America; but is not to be found in Asia, or any
of its islands, which once formed a part of that
continent.

Although the great exertions made to extend the

Royal Garden, at Kew, and large sums expended,
made that the chief repository of new and rare
plants, still Mr. Lee's Nursery, at Hammersmith,
took, at any rate, the second lead; and the two
together has gradually, and, imperceptibly as it

were, greatly enriched our gardens, and extended

the Science of Botany. Prints of new plants are for
ever acknowledging the favour of Mr. Lee.
 LATE JAMES LEE. XV-XV1

As might be expected from an author, Lee's

Garden was always open to the curious; nor was
he ever backward in communicating knowledge
whereas Mr. Miller concealed the names of his
valuable collection in the Chelsea Gardens; and the
papers, which contained his foreign seeds, were in-

dustriously thrown into the Thames ; and such is

the ardour of Botany, although the acquisition was

often to be swam for, these were fished for up again,
and the names of the new plants, then introduced,
Was thus known to Mr. Lee, and others, in away
which greatly surprised the author of the Gar-
deners Dictionary.
Lee might have died rich, but he was notoriously
generous; and cared not what expenses he was at
for the attainment of rare plants ; and when he pos-
sessed such as might have procured him a golden
harvest, he chose rather to give duplicates away to
lovers of Botany, before the selling them to the
rich but careless collectors of flowers, rather led to
them through ostentation, than from a laudable en-

thusiasm in the pursuit of knowledge. He never

concealed his methods of propagating plants; and
he generally observed, that, for want of insects to

further the nuptials of plants, or a proper degree

of ventilation, or rather favouring, breezes, or from
some defect in the escape of the pollen from the an-
thers, that the seeds in stove plants are in general

unproductive; and for a series of years artificial

impregnation has been performed at Hammersmith,

 ;

xvii-xviii MEMOIRS OF THE

which always secured an increase, and proves the

practical value of science.
lie had the felicity of having his company courted
by all the illustrious botanists of the day, as the Rev.
Dr. Hales, the celebrated author of " Vegetable Sta-
tics;" the Rev. Di.Colin Milne, author of a "Phi-
losophical and Systematic Dictionary," a work that
is in the hands of every botanist, which has gone
through four editions; the Fother-
illustrious Dr.

gill, the great patron of Botany; Miller, author

of a " Botanical Dictionary," being the very first

work of its kind; Professor Marty n, author of

" Letters on Botany," and editor of anew edition of
Miller's M Dictionary," which, from the additions

made, may be almost styled his own ; Dr. Wither-

ing, author of a " New Arrangement of British
Plants,"" a work which has considerably advanced
the Science of Botany; and the celebrated John
Hunter, a great lover of natural history.
The Marchioness of Rockingham was exceed-
ingly fond of plants, and Mr. Lee used to dine once
every week at Hillingdon, with this amiable lady
and the Marquis always gave him a hearty welcome,
with a hospitality beooming a nobleman. In short,
he was esteemed and courted by a numerous circle
of the first people ; and he lived to the very ad-
vanced age of eighty. With patient resignation he
met the expected summons, July 1795, and was
universally regretted by great and poor.
To sum up the character of Lee, he was an ar-
*tent enthusiast in tlie pursuit of natural science;
 LATE JAMES LEE. xis:

although he had, what is proverbial, plenty of bow-

ing, still he was courted by the great, rather for
his attainments in Botanv, and clear vigorous un-
derstanding, than for a politeness which appeared
in him natural : he was very conscientious in all bis

dealings ; he was generous to a fault ; his garden

Was the resort of science, nor was his house, or purse,

ever shut against persons of that description : having

received a better education than gardeners usually
get, he passed with the vulgar, and mankind in ge-
neral, for a prodigy in knowledge : he was temperate
in his way of living, hence he attained a green old
age : he had a wife, who Avas kind and most affection-

ate, by whom he had one son and three daughters,

the eldest of whom, Ann, was so eminent as an ar-
tist, that her botanical drawings are esteemed as
chef d?cewores : he had the good fortune to live to see

them all well-married ; I mean, as relates to both

happiness and competency; and his son, the present

Mr, Lee, who inherits the wisdom, liberality, and vir-

tues of his rather, is blessed with a daughter, who

has drawn all the numerous heaths (Ericas), so as

even to rival her aunt.

I shall conclude my memoirs with wishing the

surviving family all prosperity and happiness, and
my readers many particles of that sacred flame,

which animated old Lee in his love for plants, to the

very latest period of his life.

b %
 CONTENTS.

PART L
Oiap. I>a c
g
I. Of the Seven Parts of Fructification j

ft Of the Calyx 2
III. Of the Corolla 4
IV. Of the Stamina 7
V. Of the Pistillu?n 8
VI. Of the Pericarpium 10
VII. Of the Seeds 11
VIII. Of the Receptacle 13
IX. Of the distinct Characters of the Parts of Fructification 14-

X. Of the most natural Structure of the Parts of Fructifica-

tion 16
XI. Of the different Structures of the Calyx 18
XII. Of the different Structures of the Corolla 21
XIII.Of the different Structures of the Stamina 21.

XIV. Of the different Structures of the Pistillum 26

XV. Of the different Structures of the Pericarpium 2P
XVI. Of the different Structures of the Seeds 3

XVII. Of the different Structures of the RecejHacle 32

XVIII. Of the Singularities in the Structure of the Parts of
Fructification 33
X IX. Of Aggregate Flowers 36
XX. Of Luxuriant Floxvers, commonly called double 39
XXf. Of the Sexes in Plants 46
 C; O NTE NT S.

PART II.

Chap. Page

I. Of the Sexual System, and its Origin 49

II. Explanation cf the Titles of the Twenty-four Classes 33
III. Explanation of the Titles of the Orders 02
IV. Of the first Class, Monandriu 65
V. Of the second C'a-s, Diandria 66
VI. Of the third Class, Triajidria 67
VII. Of the fourth Class, Tetrandria 6S
VIII. Of the fifth Class, Pent and ria 70
IX. Of the sixth Class, Hexandria 74
X. Of the seventh Class, Heptandria 76
XI. Of the eighth Class, Octandria 77
XII. Of the ninth Class, Enneandria 78
XIII. Of the tenth Class, Decandria 79
XIV. Of the eleventh Class, Dodecandria 81

XV. Of the twelfth Class, Icosandria 82

XVI. Of the thirteenth Class, Polyandria 84-

XVII. Of the fourteenth Class, Didynamia 86

XVIII. Of the fifteenth Class, Tetradynamia 89
XIX. Of the sixteenth Class, Monadelphia 92
XX. Of the seventeenth Class, Diadelphia 9.5

XXI. Of (he eighteenth Class, Polyadclplna 100

XXII. Of the nineteenth Class, Syngencsia 101
XXIII. Of the twentieth Class, Gynandria 106
XXIV. Of the twenty-first Class, Moncccia. 109
XXV. Of the twenty-second Class, Diacia ] ] i

XXVI. Of the twenty-third Class, Polygantia 114

XXVII. Of the twenty -fourth Class, Cryptogamia 116
XXVIII. Of the Appendix 1 !
r>

XXIX. Of Generic Distinctions Ioq

XXX. By what Parts of Fructification the Genus may -with the

most certainty be determined 1 22

XXXI. Of the. Genera rejected by the Sexual System, as not
established on the Fructification 12$
 CONTENTS. xxiii

Chap. page
XXXII. Of the Genera rejected by the System, as grounded on
the Variations of some Parts only of the Fructifica-
tion 129
XXXIII. Of the Genera rejected by the System, as grounded on
a Difference in the Fruit only 132
Table I. Changes in the Names of Genera, arranged in Alpha-
betical Order 1S(>

Table II. The Linnitan Genera, ivith References and Synonymes 167
Table III. The Linnitan Genera, alphabetically arranged, with
the Classical and English Names, and accented;
with a Reference also to their Classes and Orders 29 (J
Table IV. An Alphabetical Catalogue of English and Scotch
Names of Plants, from the most approved Authors,
referred to their respective Genera 353
Table V. The Names of Plants, in Latin and French 390

PART III.
Chap. ' .

I. Of Vegetables, and their Kinds 413

II. Of Roots 415
III. Of the Herd 4K>
IV. Of the Trunk 417
V. Of simple Leaves 423
VI. Of compound Leaves 43'2

VII. Of determinate Leaves 434

VIII. Of the Fulcra of Plants 433
IX. Of the Hybernaadu of Plants , 43')

X. Of the Habit of Plants 44'.)

XI. Of Placcntation 441

XII. OfRadication 443
XIII. Of Ramification 414
XIV. Of Intonion 445
XV. Of Gemmation 447
XVI. Of Foliation 418
XVII. Of Stipulation 450
XVIII. Of Pubescence , 452
 xxtv CONTENTS
Chap. Pa S c
XIX. Of Glandulation 455
XX. Of Lactescence 456
XXL Of Inflorescence 457
XXII. Of Specific Distinctions 458
XXIII. Of Varieties 466
Table VI. Definitions of the Botanic Terms, in Latin and
English, from the Termini Botanici of Linnaeus... 474
Table VII. A Botanical Dictionary 505
Table VIII. Derivations of the Botanic Terms, alphabetically
arranged 544
 INTRODUCTION
TO THE

SCIENCE OF BOTANY.

PART THE FIRST.

CHAPTER I.

OF THE SEVEN PARTS OF FRUCTIFICATION.

J>Y fructification we are to understand both the flower and fruit

of plants, which cannot well be separated ; for though the fruit

does not swell and ripen till after the flower is fallen, its rudi-

ment, or first beginning, is in the flower, of which it properly

makes a part. Urinous defines " the fructification to be a tem-
porary part of vegetables, allotted to re-production, terminating
the old vegetable, and beginning the new." It consists of seven
principal parts, viz.

1. Calyx, vulgarly called empalement, or flower-cup.

2. Corolla, foliation, vulgarly called the flower.

3. Stamina, vulgarly called the chives.

4. Pistillum, vulgarly styled the point al.

B
 THE CALYX.
.5. PfiwetatWUM, seed-vessel.

6. Se.mina, the seeds themselves.

7. Receptacle*, base, on which the fructification is seated.

All these parts, and their several uses, will be particularly ex-
plained in the following chapters ; and it is sufficient to observe

here, that the four first, viz. Calyx, Corolla, Stamina, and Pistil-

lum, are properly parts of the Jloxver ; and the three last, Pericar-

pium, Semina, and Receptacle, parts of the fruit ; and that it is

from the number, proportion, positions, and other circumstances

attending these parts of fructification, that the classes of vegeta-
bles, and the genera they contain, arc to be characterized accord-
ing to the Sexual System.

CHAP. II.

OF THE CALYX.

THE Calyx is, according to Linnaeus, " the termination of the

cortex, or outer bark of the plant; which, after accompanying
the trunk or stem through all its branches, breaks out with the
flower, and is present in the fructification in this new form." Its

chief use is to enclose and protect the other partsf. It has re-
ceived different appellations, according to the circumstances with
which it is attended, viz.

1. Perianth um, a flower -cup, when

i its station is close to the
fructification. If it includes the stamina, and not the germen,

* For the derivations of these terms, vide Doctor Thornton's w Grammar of Bo-
tany." Editor.
f It sometimes serves the office of pericardium, as in the Lamium, nettle,
and frequently accompanies the fruit. In the Patagonula and egg plant it is ob-
served to grow to a larger size in the fruit tliau it had in the flower. Editor,
 THE SEVERAL KINDS OF CALYX. I

it is the perUinthium of the jioiver;...\( the germen, but not the

stamina, the perianthium of the fruit ;...but if it includes both, it is

the perianthium of the fructification. .

2. Involcckum, a cover, when stationed at the foot of an um-

bel, at a distance from the flower*; it is an universal involucrum,
if it is under the universal umbel;. ..or a partial one, if under a
partialf.

3. Amentum, catkin, when it proceeds from one common re-

ceptacle, resembling the chaff of an ear of corn.

4. Spatha, sheath, when it bursts lengthways, and puts forth

'
a spadixX-

5. Gi.ume, husk, in grasses, which it folds over with its valves;

and the sharp point or beard issuing from the glume is called an
arista.

6. Calyptra, a veil, in mosses, where it is placed over the

anthers, tops of the stamina, and is hooded like a monk's cowl.

7. Volva, from its involving, or infolding, in the fungi, or

mushroom tribe, where it is membranaceous, and rent on all sides.

It is sometimes difficult to distinguish a calyx from the bractca,

floral /e«/'§, such as is found to accompany the fructification

* Sometimes this part does not attend an umbel, as in the anemony. Editor.

•f-
For the definition of an umbel, vide p. 10. Editor. '

X Spadix properly signifies the receptacle of a palm see p. 14. But spatha it
:

not confined only to such plant:- as have a spadix in this sense of the term, but is ap-

plied to Narcissus, GALANTHUS, Panxratium, and many others, uhose flower-stalks

come out of a sheath. Spadix therefore is here to be understood in a more general

sense: agreeable to sucli latitude we shall find it used in ( hap. 10, under ihe head
of spadiceous aggregate flower*, to express the common receptacle in Caila, Dra-
contium, Pothos, Arum, and Zostera, as well as in the Pai.ms. Author.
§ In many plants there are found green leaves amongst the flowers, that differ in

shape from the original loaves «f the plant. These are the Braetea, or Ji6rcl leaves,

B 2
 ;

4- THE COROLLA.
of the Tilia, Lavendlla, Melampykum, and others. They
may be distinguished by this certain rule, that a calyx always
withers when the fruit is ripe, if not before ; but the bracteu
will remain longer. Without attending to this, mistakes might
easily be made in Helleborus, Nigella, Passiflora, Hepati-
ca, Peganum, and others, in which the calyx is wanting. The
distinction between a calyx and corolla in doubtful cases will be
treated of in the next chapter. In many flowers the calyx is de-
ciduous, dropping off the instant the flower begins to expand
this' is the case with Epimedium and Papaver.

CHAP. III.

OF THE COROLLA.

THE Corolla is said by Linnteus " to be the termination of

the liber, or inner bark, continued to, and accompanying the fruc-
tification in this new form of painted leaves."
Its use is the same as that of the calyx, serving as an inner
work of defence, for the parts it encloses, as the calyx, which is

usually of stronger texture, does for an outer one.

The leaves of which the corolla consists are called petals; by
which appellation they are conveniently distinguished from the
green leaves of the plant, with which they might else be con-

here spoken of. They are commonly situated on the flower-stalks, and sometimes Se-

near to the flower, as to be mistaken for its calyx. Author.

 DIFFERENT KINDS OF COROLLA. 5-

founded*. The petal is defined by Li?uuvus " as a corollaceous

covering to the flower," meaning that it encloses and protects
in the manner of a corolla, or xircath. If the corolla be
Monopetalous, of one petal ; it consists of two parts, viz.

The tube, or lower part, which is usually tube-shaped ; and the

limb, or upper part, which usually spreads wider. And the limb
again, according to its figure, is either campamdate (bell-shaped)
that is, bellying out, and without a tube ',...infundibuliform (fun-
nel-shaped), that is, of the figure of a cone, and standing on a
tube ;...// ypoc rat er\'form (salver -shaped ) , that is, plain or flat, and
standing on a tube ;...mtato-plane (v. heel-shapcd and flat) , with-
out a tube ; ...or r indent (gaping), that is, irregular and personated
with two lips. But if the corolla be
Polypetalous, cf many petals; each petal consists of unguis, a

claiv, which is the lower part fastened to the base ; and lamina,
a thin plate, which is the upper part, and usually spreading. A
polypetalous corolla is cruciform (cross-shaped) when it consists

of four petals that are equal and spreading ;...and papilionaceous

(butterfly -shaped) when it is irregular, consisting of four petals,

* Petal (in the Greek -arETaXov) signifies leaves in general : but there being ano-
ther Greek word (^uXXov) nearly of the same signification, the modern botanists have
borrowed this to express the leaves of the flower. The ancients seem to have had no
distinct term in use to express this part of the fructification. Thus Firgil, in describ-

ing his amellus, which is a species of asler, the flower of which has a yellow, middle,
and purple rays, calls it a golden flower, surrounded with purple leaves.

Aureus ipse Flos, seel in foliis, qua plurima ciraan

Fiuuiunlur, viola sullucet purpura nigra.
Georg. IV.

This loose expression, which is chargeable rather on the language than the poet,
has misled all his translators; as is rightly observed by Martfn, in his note on this

passage. Thus Addison makes the real leaves of the plant purple

The flower itself is of a golden hue,

The Leaves inclining to a darker blue.

The Leaves shoot thick about the root, and grow

Into a bush ; and shade the turf below.
AuLllSON.
6 DISTINCTION OF CALYX AND COROLLA,
of which the under one resembles the keel of a ship, the upper
one rises, and the two side ones stand single*.
There belongs also to the corolla a part called the ntclarium,

which has been but newly distinguished, having been by former

botanists confounded with the petals. It is by Linnceus defined

to be " the part which bears the honey, and belongs to the
flower only." This part affords a wonderful variety in the man-
ner of its appearance. In some plants it is very large, as in the

Narcissus and Aquilegia ; in the fonder of which the cap, and

in the latter the horns, are nectaria : in others it is scarce disco-
verable, even with glasses. In some plants it is united with,
and makes part of the petals : in others it is detached from them.
Its shape and situation are also as various. Its use is not
known, unless the supposition of its secreting the honey may be
depended uponf.
Between the calyx and corolla nature has put no absolute li-

mits ; as is plain from the Daphnis, in which plant they grow

together, and are united in the margin, like a leaf of the Buxus ;

but they may be commonly distinguished by their position in

respect of the stamina, the petal and stamina being ranged alter-
nately ; whereas the segments of the calyx and the stamina answer
to each other. That this is their natural situation, appears from the
complete flowers in the classes tetrandj-iaX and pentandria^ : And
the use of applying this rule will be found in the instances of
Chenopodium, UrticAj and Parietauia ; where it decides, that
the single cover in those genera is a pcrianthium, and that it is the
corolla that is wanting. Should we infer, where only one of the
two covers appears, that it is a corolla, because that is a more
principal part, there would be no certainty from such an infer-

* The under petal is called the Carina, keel; the two side petals, the Al.£
Wings; and the upper petal, Vf.xili.um, tanner. Editor.
f There seems much confusion in this part: in fact, whatever is not calyx, corolla
•tamina, and pistillum, is ncclary with botanists, whether secretes
it honev or
not. Editor.
% This is explained in Fart II. Chap. VII.
§ This is explained in Part I, Chap. VIII.
 THE STAMINA. 7

ence: as is evident from the Amman i a, Isnarda, Peplis, Ruellia

and Campanula, in all which the corolla is often found wanting,
but not the calj/x.

That die calyx, as proceeding from the cortex of the plant, is

coarser and thicker than the corolla, which is produced by the

soft, pliant, coloured liber, is obvious to every one. But there
are no limits determinable from any such circumstances, unless
it be from the colour; and even this is not sufficient ; for the

perianthium of the Bartsia is crimson-coloured ; and there are

also many dowers whose corollas are coloured, when in the state of

flowering, but which afterwards harden and turn green, and re-

main on the plant like a calyx ; as for instance, the Helleborus

and Ornithogalum. The Euphorbia has likewise deceived
many, who have described it as monopetalous, taking the calyx

for the corolla.

CHAP. IV.

OF THE STAMINA,

THE Stamina are the male part of the flower. Linnaus defines
them as a " viscus of the plant, designed for the preparation of
the pollen ;" of which we shall speak presently.
Each single stamen consists of two parts*, viz.

1. Filamentum, the filament or thread; which serves to elevate

the anthera, or summit, and at the same time connects it with the
flower.

2. Anthera, the summit itself; which contains within it the

pollen, and when come to maturity discharges the same.

* This is not always the case, as some stamens are complete, having nothing but
the anther, as in the Canna Indica, Indian caruw, ike. Editor.
 s THE PISTILLUM.
Tlie Pollen, meal, contained within the antherae, is a fine dust

secreted therein, and destined for the impregnation of the germen ;

of which part we shall speak in the next chapter.

The stamina being, as I have said, the male part of the flower,
the construction and distribution of the Sexual System is principal-

ly founded upon, and regulated by it ; as will appear in the ex-»

planation of the System. It is sufficient to observe here, that such
flowers as want this part arte. called female 5 such as have it, but
want the female part, described in the next chapter, male; such
as have them both, hennapkroditc*; and such as have neither,
netiterf.

CHAP. V.

OF THE PISTILLUM.

THE Pistillum is the female part, of the flower: it is defined

by Linnaus " as a viscus of the plant, designed for the reception
of the pollen." It consists of three parts*.

I. The Germen ; which is the rudiment of the fruit accompa-

nying the flower, but not yet arrived at maturity.

* This odious term should be expelled the lovely science of botany, and the term
bisexual substituted in its place ; for the analogy docs not hold nor are there any
x
truly hermaphrodite flowers, as with animals. The two sexes are contiguous, and
marry; but with snails, and earthworms, which have the two sexes in the same
person, these are really hermaphrodites ; but are not competent to reproduce of
themselves, but have relationships with others of the same species ; therefore, the
analogy here docs not hold. Editor.

+ Neuter, or barren.

X This is not always die case, as the style in many instances is wanting, as in
P/vavkb, poppy; Tulipa, tulip, &c. Editor.
 MODE OF IMPREGNATION.
2. The Style, which is the part that serves to elevate the stig-
ma from the gennen.

3. The Stigma, which is the summit of the pistillum, and co-

vered with a moisture for the breaking of the pollen.

It has been said in the last chapter, that the pollen was destined
for the impregnation of the germen : this is performed in the fol-
lowing manner. The anihera, which at the first opening of the
flower are whole, burst open soon after, and discharge the pol-
len, which dispersing itself about the flower, part of it lodges
on the surface of the stigma, where it is detained by the moisture

with which that part is covered*; and each single grain or atom
of the pollen bursting and dissolving in this liquor, as it has been
observed to do by the microscope, is supposed to discharge some-
thing still more subtle, that impregnates the germen below.
What the substance is that is so discharged, and whether it actu-
ally passes through the style into the germen, seems yet undete'r-
minedf, it being difficult to observe such minute parts: but
whatever be the operation by which Nature produces the effect

in question, the cause as far as it has been here explained, is

scarce^! imputable ; and accordingly we see, that after this impreg-

nation^ when the parts of the flower that have done their office
are fallen away, the germen swells to a fruit big with seeds, by
which the species is propagated. The pistillum being, as I have
said, the female part of the flower, is of great consequence in
the Sexual System, as well as the male part, as will appear when
the System comes to be explained.

* This is beautifully seen in the Amaryu.is For.mosissima, on whose stigma

may be observ ed a l&rgc limpid globule of an adhesive nature, to catch the fertilising

pollen. Vide Dr. Thornton's " New Illustration of the Sexual System, with a
Dissertation on the Sexes of Plants." Editor.

f This dispute is now settled. The pollen, Linnieus, in his Dissertation on the
Sexes of Plants, lias proved, does not pass the style, as in the Mhubit.is, t:\r.rvel of
Peru, where each globule of pollen is larger than the style, but only the most subtle
exhalation. Editor.
10 THE SEVERAL KINDS OF PERICARPIUM*

CHAP. VI.

OF THE PERICARPIUM.

THE Pericarpium, seed-vessel, is the germen described in the

last chapter, grown to maturity. It is defined by Linnwits "as a

viscus of the plant fdled with seeds, which it discharges when
ripe."

It is distinguished, according to the circumstances that attend

it, by the following appellations.

1. Capsula, a. capsule, is a hollow pericarpium, which cleaves

or parts in some determinate manner... The enclosure of the cap-
sule, which surrounds and covers the fruit externally, is called a
valvule ; the partitions which divide the capsule into sundry com-
partments or cells, d/ssepiinenis ; the substance which passes
through the capsule, and connects the several partitions and
seeds, columella; and the cells, or hollow compartments of the
capsule in which the seeds are lodged, loculaments.

2. SiLiauA, Apod, is a pericarpium of two valves*, wherein

the seeds are fastened along both the sutures or joinings of the
valves.

3. Legumen, a pod also, is a pericarpium of two valves, where-

in the seeds are fastened along one suture only.

4. Conceptaculum, a conceptade, is a pericarpium of a single

valve, which opens on one side lengthways, and has not the seeds
fastened to it.

* The author has called the separate pieces which constitute the pericarp, val-
vules, and those of the oilier kinds, valves. This distinction of names is seldom or
never observed. Editoji.
 THE SEEDS. 11

5. Druta, a drupe, is a fleshy or pulpy pericarpium, without

valve, containing a stone.

6. Pomlm. a pome, is a fleshy or pulpy pericarpium, without

valve, containing a capsule.

7. Bacca, a berry, is a fleshy or pulpy pericarpium, without

valve, the seeds within which have no other covering.

8. Strobills, a strobile, is a pericarpium formed of an

amentum*.

CHAP. VII.

OF THE SEEDS.

THE Seed, according to the definition of Liimaus, " is a de-

ciduous part of the vegetable, the rudiment of a new one, quick-
ened for vegetation by the sprinkling of the pollen/' Its di-

stinctions are,

A Seed, properly so called, which is a rudiment of a new ve-

getable, furnished with sap, and covered with a bladdery coat
or tunic. It consists of,

1. Corculum, the first principle of the new plant within

the seed.

2. Plumula, a scaly part of the corculum, which ascends.

3. Rostellum, a plain part of the corculum, which descends.

4. Cotyledon, a side lobe of the seed, of a porous substance,

and perishable.

* Sec Chap. II.

 12 THE PARTS OF THE SEEDS.

5. Hilum, an external mark or scar on the seed, where it war-

fastened within the fruit.

6. Arillus, the proper exterior coat, or tunic of the seed,

which comes off of itself.

7. Coronula, the little crown of a seed, which is either Caly-

culus, the calyx of a floret, adhering to the seed, and assisting
it to fly, or Pappus, a down, which is a feathery, or hairy crown,
answering the same end, and connected with the seed by Stipes,
a trunk*, which here signifies a thread on which the down is

raised and supported.

8. Ala, wing, a membrane affixed to the seed, and which by

its flying helps to disperse; it.

P. Nux, a nut, which is a seed enclosed with an osseous epider-

mis, a bony or hard outer skin, commonly called the shell.

10. Propago, which is the seed of a moss, first discovered by

Linneeus, who peeled off the bark, and detected it in the year
1750. These seeds have neither, tunic nor cotyledon, but con-
sist only of the plumula of a naked corculum, where the rostel-
lum is inserted into the calyx of the plant.

* Sometimes, however, this part, the stipes, is wanting, and the pappus is imme-
diatclyconnected with the seed, when, like the anther and stigma, it is termed sessile.

Editor.
 THE RECEPTACLE. 13

CHAP. VIII.

OF THE RECEPTACLE.

THE Receptacle is the base, which connects the other six

parts of fructification. Its various appellations are as follow.

I. A Proper Receptacle is that which belongs only to the

parts of a single fructification : and this is called... 1. A receptacle

of the fructification, when it common to both flower and fruit;
is

2. A receptacle of the flower, when it is a base to which the

parts of the flower only are fastened, without the germen ;...3. A
receptacle of the fruit, when it is a base for the fruit only, remote
from the receptacle of the flower 4. A receptacle of the seeds,

when it is a base that fastens the seeds within the pericarpium.

II. A Common Receptacle is that which connects many flo-

rets in such a maimer, as that the taking away any of them would

cause an irregularity. Palea, a chaff, is a thin substance, spring-

ing from the receptacle to part the florets.

lit Umbella, an umbel, is a receptacle which, from a com-

mon centre, runs out into thread-shaped foot-stalks, of propor-
tionate lengths. ..It is called a simple umbel, when it has no
subdivisions; a compound umbel, when each foot-stalk is termi-

nated by an umbellula, or little umbel; and in this case the umbel

that bears the umbellula on its foot-stalks, is called a iiniversal

umbel; and the umbellula which proceeds from the universal

umbel, a partial umbel.

IV. Cvma, a cyme, is a receptacle that runs into long fastigi-

U DEFINITIONS OF THE PARTS OF FLOWERS.

ate peduncles*, proceeding from the same universal centre, but

with irregular partial ones.

V. Sfadix is the receptacle of a palmf, produced within a

Bpatha, or sheath, on the branches that bear fruit.

CHAP. IX.

OF THE DISTINCT CHARACTERS OF THE PARTS OF

FRUCTIFICATION.

THE parts of fructification, with their subdivisions, having

been explained separately in the preceding chapters, we shall

here give a view of them all together, with the proper distin-
guishing character assigned to each by Linnccus,, beginning with
the vegetable itself.

The essence of the vegetable consists in its fructification the

essence of the fructification consists in the flower and fruit ; ...the
essence of the flower consists in the anthem and stigma ;.. .the es-

sence of the fruit consists in the seeds. We shall give now a short
definition of THESE PARTS.
Pollen is the fine powder of vegetables, designed to burst in

* Peduncles, fiower-stalks, are called fastigiate, when their lengths are so pro-

portioned, that the flowers which they support form an even surface. Author.

•f-
This is the proper sense of the term, as employed hy the ancients : but spadix
is now used in a more general sense, viz. to express all flower-stalks that come out
of a spatha. See the note on this subject in Chap. II. This definition, by Liunseus,
therefore, appears to be too strict. Author.
 DEFINITIONS OF THE PARTS OF FLOWERS. 15

* liquor appropriated to that purpose*, and discharge thereon, by-

its elastic force, a substance not distinguishable by the naked eye.

A Seed is a deciduous part of a plant, fraught with the rudi-

ment of a new plant, and quickened by the pollen.

Anthera is a vessel that produces and discharges the pollen.

Pericarpium is a vessel that produces and discharges the seeds.

Filamentum is the foot-stalk that supportsf the anthera, and

fastens it to the vegetable^.

Germ en is the rudiment of the pericarpium, not yet arrived

at maturity.

Stigma is the moistened summit of the germen : its existence

is chiefly at the time when the anthera is discharging its pollen.

Stylus is the foot-stalk of the stigma, that connects it with

the germen.

Corolla and Calyx are the teguments or covers of the stamina

and pistillum ; the calyx arising from the cortical epidermis, or

outer bark, and the corolla from the liber, or inner bark.

Receptaculum is that part which connects the parts before

mentioned §.

From these characters the following principles may be de-

duced. •

I. That every vegetable is furnished with jloiver and fruit;

there being no species where these are wanting.

* If the pollen be placeJ on a damp plate, all its panicles, which have determinate

shapes, will op'ode. The moisture ou the stigma of plants effects the same pur-
pose. Editor.
f Elevates. Editor.
X And attaches it to the flower. Editor.
§ Is thfe connecting medium betwixt the Peduncle, Jloicer-stalk, m&jloiver.
 ;

16 NATURAL STRUCTURE OF THE FLOWER.

2. That there is no fructification without antliera, stigma, and
seed.

3. That the anthem and stigma constitute a flower, whether

the covers are present or wanting.

4. That the seed constitutes a fruit, whether there be a peri-

carpium or not.

In respect to the seed; its essence consists in the corculum,

which is fastened to the cotyledon, and involved therein, and
closely covered with its proper tunic.
The essence of the corculum consists in the plumula, which is

the vital speck of the plant itself, extremely small in its dimen-
sions, but increasing like a bud in growth. The rostellum, how-
ever, must be included, being the base of the plumula, which
descends, and strikes root; being the part originally contiguous
to the mother plant.
That the propagines, or seeds of mosses, consist only of the

plumula and rostellum, has been already shown*.

CHAP. X.

OF THE MOST NATURAL STRUCTURE OF THE PARTS

OF FRUCTIFICATION.

IN considering the structure of the parts of fructification, the

principal objections to be attended to are, 1. The number of each
part. 2. Its figure. 3. Its proportion ; by which is to be under-
stood its height in respect to the rest: and 4. Its situation

which will include also its insertion and connexions. As to

any other differences, such as a difference in the size, co-
lour, smell, or taste, it is not safe to allow any weight to them,

* See Chap. VII.

 NATURAL STRUCTURE OF FLOWERS. 17

as they might lead us to make distinctions not justifiable by the

true principles of the science.

As the number, figure, proportion, and situation of the parts

are variable, we The most natural Structure,
shall consider, 1.

or that which most frequently occurs ; and this we shall make

the subject of the present chapter. 2. The Differences in

structure, arising from the variation of the parts in different

plants, which will take up a few of the succeeding chapters
and 3. The singular Structures, or such as are observed in a
few genera only ; for which we shall allot a chapter by itself.

The most natural Structure of the parts, in respect to Num-

ber is, to have the calyx divided into as many segments as the

corolla the fdaments equal in number to the segments of the

corolla and calyx;... a single anthera on each filament;. ..the di-

visions of the pistillum equal in number to the cells of the peri-

carpium, or the receptacles of the seeds ; the most common pum-

bvvjive (whence the extent of the classes PentandHa* and Sj/nge-

ftesiu-f) ;...and the corolla and calyx also quinqitficd, cut into five

segments.

In respect to Figure, to have the calyx less spreading than the

corolla ;... the corolla widening gradually ;... the stamina and pi-
stillum upright and tapering ;... the pericarpium big with seeds,
swelling and extending after the rest of the parts (the calyx ex-
cepted) are fallen off.

In respect to Proportion, to have the calyx less than the co-

rolla;. ..the pistillum of equal length with the stamina in an up-
right floiver, but longer in an inverted one;. ..if the flower slope

downward, the stamina and pistillum inclining towards the un-

der side; but if it slope upwards, placed close under the upper
side.

In respect to Situation, to have the perianthium surrounding

the receptacle ;... the corolla placed on the receptacle, and al-

ternate with the perianthium ;...the filaments placed within the

corolla, but corresponding with the perianthium ;... the anther*

* See Part II. Chap. VIII. + See Partll. Chap. XXII.

C
18 DIFFERENT SRUCTLIRES OF CALYX.
seated on th( tops of the filaments The germen possessing the
centre of the receptacle;... the st)de standing on the top of the
germen ;... the stigma seated on the top of the style. When the
stigma and style are fallen, the germen grows to a pericarpium,

supported by the calyx, and including the seeds, which are af-
fixed to the receptacle of the fruit. The receptacle of the flower
is generally under the pericarpium, being not so often found to
grow cither round it, or over it.

CFIAP. XI.

OF THE DIFFERENT STRUCTURES OF THE CALYX.

HAVING shown the most natural Structure of the parts of the

fructification in the last chapter, we come now to their Differ-
ences, or variations (which are the foundation of the genera),
and their characters ; and of these we shall treat in their order,

beginning with the calyx.

The variations of the calyx, in respect to Number, will take

in the terms also that respect its composition, parts, and segments.
In respect to number, it is either single, as in Primula, and
most flowers; ...double, as in Malva, Hibiscus, and EiXA;...or
wanting, as in Tulipa, Fritillaria, and many of the liliaceous
flowers*.
In respect to composition, it is either imbricate, that is, com-
posed of various scales, lying over each other, as in IIieracium,

* It W to be hoped, that the sttulcnt will not be deterred by these nice observa-
tions and mstinctions m the science of botany. Such as may find their memories
tow much fatigued may par. on at once to part iecdud tli« SpxtoI System, p. 72,
?
Editor.
 MFFJEiRNT STRUCTURES OF CALYX. 19

Sonciius, and Camellia \...3quan*oss, that is, composed of scales

divaricated on all sides, and spreading widely open, as in Car-
duus, Onoporuum, and Conyza;... auctus, augmented; that is,

having a series of distinct leaves, shorter than its own, that sur-
round its base externally, as in Coreopsis, Bidens, Crepis, and
Dianthus ;...or multiflorous, mailt/ flowered, that is, common to
many florets, as in Scabiosa, and in the plants of the class Syn-
genesut*.
In respect to its parts, it is either monophyllous, of one leaf, as
in Datura and PR\yiui.A;. ..diphyllous, oftivo, asinFuMARiA, and
Fumaria Bulbosa ;...triphyllous, of three, as in Tradescantia
tetraphyllous, offour, as in Sagina, Epimedium, and in the plants
of the class Tetradynamia-\\...pentaphyllous, of five, as in Cistus,
Adonis, and Cerbera ;...hexaphyllous, of six, as in Berberis;...
or decaphyllous, of ten, as in Hibiscus.
In respect to its segments (which chiefly concern the mono-
phyllous calyx) it is either integer, ivhole, as in Genipa bifid,

divided in two segments, as in Utricularia ;...trifid, in three, as

in Alisma, and Cliffortia; ...quadrifid, in four, as in Rhinan-

thus ;...quinquefid, in five, as ia Nicotiana ;...sexfid, in six, as

in Pavia ;...octofid, in eight, as in Toumentilla ;...decemfid, in

ten, as in Potentilla, and Fragaria ;...or duodecemfid, in twelve,

as in Lythrum.
The variations of the calyx, in respect to Figure, w ill also in-

clude the terms respecting its equality, margin, and apex, or

top.

In respect to figure, it is either globose, globe-shaped, as in

Cucubalus clavate, club-shaped, as in Silene;.. .reflex, bent

back, as in Asclepias ;..,or erect, upright, as in Primula, and

Nicotiana.
In respect to equality, it is either equal as in Lychnis ; ...une-

qual, as in IIelianthemum ; or with the segments alternately

shorter, as in Tormentilla, and Potentilla.

In respect to its ?nargin, it is either integerrimus, very entire, as

* See Part II. Chap. XXH. f See Part II. Chap. XVIII.

C2
20 DIFFERENT STRUCTURES OF CALYX.
in most plants ;.. .serrate, saived, as in some species of Hyperi-
cum ;...or ciliate, fringed with hairs, like an eye-lash, as in some

species of Centaurea.
In respect to its apex, or top, it is either acute, sharp, as in

Primula, and Androsace;... acuminate, pointed, as in Hyoscya-

mus;... obtuse, blunt, as in Nympii,ea, and Garcinia ;...or with one
of its indents lopped off, as in Verbena.
In respect to Proportion, it is either longer than the corolla,

as in Agrostemma, Sagina, and some species of Antirrhinum;...

equal to it, as in some species of Cerastium ;...or shorter, as in

SlLENE.
In respect to Situation, it is either a calyx of the flower, as

m LiNN.EAand MoitiNA;...of the fruit, as in Linn.ea and Morina*;

...or of the fructification, as in P.conia.

The Duration of the calyx may also be considered. In re-

spect to which it is either caducous, falling off at the first opening

of the flower, as in Papaver and 1£v\met)Ivm;... deciduous with

the corolla, as in Berberis, and in the plants of the class Tc-
tradynamia-\ or persisting, till the fruit is come to maturity, as
in the plants of the class Didynumia%.

VARIATIONS OF AN INVOLUCRUM.

The preceding varieties of the calyx chiefly respect a peri-

anthiuni. An involucrum is either monophyllous, as in Bupleu-
rum ;...diphyllous, as in Euphorbia ;...triphyllous, as inBuTOMUs
and Alisma ;...tetraphyllous, as in Cornus ;...pentaphyllous, as in
DAUCus;...or hex aphyllous, as in FLemanthus.

* The Linnaa and Morina have each of them two cahjxts, one of the flower,
»he other of the fruit which is the reason of their being given as instances of both
;

cases.

t ?ce Part II. Chap. XVIII. ; See Part II. Chap. XVII.
 DIFFERENT STRUCTURES OF COROLLA. 21

VARIATIONS OF A SPATHA.

A spatha is either monopiiyllous, as in Narcissus ;,..diphyllous,

as in Stratiotes ;...or imbricate, as in Musa.

CHAP. XII.

OF THE DIFFERENT STRUCTURES OF THE COROLLA.

THE variations of the corolla, in respect to Number, concern

either petals, or lacinice, segments : the variations of the nectarium
shall be given separate.
The corolla, in respect to its petals, is either monopetalovs, or

consisting of one petal, as in Convolvulus and Primula ;...dipe-

talons, of two, as in Circ;ea and CoMMEUXA;..,tripctalous, of
three, as in Alisma and Sagittaria ; ... tetrapetalous, of four, as
in the class Tetradynamia* ;...pentapetalous, of five, as in umbel-
liferous plantsf ;...hexapetalous, of six, as inTuuPA, Lilium, Po-
dophyllum ',...enneapclalous, of nine, as inTHEA, Magnolia, and
Liriodendron j.. .or polypctalous, of many, as in Nvmphtea.
In respect to its lacinia (which concern rather the monopeta-
lous than the polypetalous, being but rarely observed in the lat-

ter) it has either too, as in Alsine and Ciroea .three, as in

* See Part II. Chap. XVIII.

f The umbelliferous plants are in the order Digynia of the class Penlandria

if«PartII. Chap. VIII.

22 DIFFERENT STRUCTURES OF COROLLA.
Holosteum and Hypecoum ;...four, as in Lychnis or Jive, as

in Reseda.
The variations of the corolla, in respect to Figure, will include
what also concerns its Equality, and its Margin.
In respect to Figure, it is either undulate, waved, as in Glorio-
sa;.. .plicate, folded, as in Convolvulus ;...rcvolute, rolled back,

as in Asparagus and Medeola ;...or tort, twisted, as in Nerium,

Asclepias, and Vinca. Its more considerable variations, in re-

spect to figure, have been already shown in Chap. III.

In respect to Equality, it is either equal, as in Primula un-

equal, as in Butomus j ...regular, as in Aquilegia 5. ..or irregular,

as in Aconitum and Lamium.

In respect to its Margin, it is either crenate, notched, as in Li-

Num i... serrate, sawed, as inTiLiA and Alisma ;...ciliatc, fringed,

as in Ruta, Menyanthes, and Trop^olum denticulate be-

tween the segments ; that is, having a denticulus, or little jag, at

the bottom of the divisions, as in Samolus and Sideroxylum
or with a hairy surface, as in Menyanthes and Lasianthus, a
species of IIypeiuum.

In respect to Proportion, it may be very long, as in Cates-

bjea, Siphonanthus, Brunsfelsia, and CRANiOLARi\;...or very
short, as in Sagina, Centunculus, and Rtbes.
In respect to Situation, the base of the corolla is usually close
to the perianthium, if there be one. It is, indeed, separated
from it by the germen, in Adoxa, Sanguisorra and Mirabilts;
but these instances are very rare.

In respect to Duration, it is either persisting, lasting till the

fruit is ripe, as in Nymph;ea caducous, dropping as soon as the

flower is blown, as in Actjea and Thalictrum deciduous, drop-

ping off" with the flower, which is the most common ;...or viarccs-

cent, withering, but not falling, as in Campanula, Orchis, Cu-

cumis, Cucurbita, and Bryonia.
 VARIATIONS OF NECTARY. 23

VARIATIONS OF THE NECTARIUM.

It has been already said, Chap. III. that the necturium, by the
former botanists, had been confounded with the petals ; but
though it commonly attends upon, and makes part of the corolla,
it is often found distinct from it, as in the instances of Aconitum,

Aquilegia, Helleborus, Isopyrum, Nigell\, Garidella, Epi-

meihum, Parnassia, Theobroma, Cherleria, and Sauvagesia;
which sufficiently proves that it should be distinguished from the
petals. The necturium affords very singular varieties, especially
if it grows distinct from the petals. It admits of the following
principal distinctions.
Calcariate nectar ia, such as resemble a culcar, or spur ; and
these are either in monopetalous corolhr, as in Antirrhinum, Va-
leriana, Pinguecula, and Utricularia ;...or in Polypetalous,
as in Orchis, Delphinium, Viola, Impatiens, and Fumaria.
Nectaria that lie within the Substance of the petals, as in Fri-
TILLARIA, LlLIUM, SwERTIA, HeRMANNIA, UvULARIA, Hy-
IlUS,

DROPHYLLUM, MYOSURUS, RANUNCULUS, BrQMELIA, EllYTHROM-

um, Berberis, and Valisneria.
Nectaria. that Crown the corolla, as in Passiflora, Narcissus,
Pancratium, Olax, Lychnis, Silene, Coronaria, Stapelia,
Asclepias, Cynanchum, Nepenthes, Cherleria, Clusia, Ha-
mamelis, and DlOSMA.
Nectaria of Singular construction, as in Reseda, Cardiosper-
mum, Amomum, Costus, Curcuma, Grewia, Urtica, Andrach-
k r, Epidendrum, Helicteres, and Sai.ix.

Cal\ctne nectaria, such as are found upon the calyx, as in

Tropceolum, Monotropa, Biscutella, and Malpighia.

St am in BO nectaria, such as attend the stamina; and these
are either upon the Adenanthera ;...or upon the
anthercc, as in

filaments, as in Laurus, Dictamnus, Zygophyllum, Commeli-

na, Mirabii.is, Plumbago, Campanula, and Roella. ,

Pistillaceous nectaria, s»ch as accompany the pist/llum. Tht'S<

24 DIFFERENT KINDS OF STAMINA.
are upon the germen, as in Hyacinthus, Iris, Butomus, Chier-
ANTHUS, HeSPERIS, &C
Reoeptaculaceous nectaria, such as join to the receptacle, as

in Lathrjea, Helxine, Collinsonia, Sedum, Cotyledon, Sem-

teuvivum, &c. Mercurialis, Kiggellaria, Clutia,.Phyllan-
thus, Melianthus, and Diosma.

•CHAP. XIII.

OF THE DIFFERENT STRUCTURES OF THE STAMINA.

THE stamina consisting each of a filament and an anthera,

(see Chap. IV.), we shall speak first of the variations of the fila-

ments.
As the terms respecting the Number of the stamina will be
explained in the chapters that treat of the sexual system, we shall

omit here what concerns the number of the filaments themselves,

to avoid repetition ; but they are sometimes found to have laci-
nice, segments; and these are either too, as in Salvia -...three, as
in Fumaria ;...or nine, as in the class Diadelphia*.
The Figure of the filaments is either capillary, like hairs, as

in Plantago .plane, fiat, as in Ornithogalum .cuneiform,

wedge-shaped, as in Thalictrum spiral, screw -shaped, as in
Hirtf.lla ; ... subulate, awl-shaped, as in Tulipa ; ... emarginate,
nicked, or notched, as in Porrum reflex, bent back, as in Glo-
RiosA;...or hirsute, hairy, as in Tradescantia, and An thericum.
The Proportion of the filaments is either unequal, as in
Daphne, Lychnis, and Saxifraga ;...irregidar, as in Lonicera,
and the class Didynamia-\\...veiy long, as inTRicnosTEMA, Plan-
tago, and Hirtella ;...or very short, as in Triglochin.

* See Part Ih C hap. XX. f See Part II. Chap. XVII.

 VARIETIES OF ANTHERiE.

The Situation of the filaments, is either opposite to the leaves

or segments of the calyx, as in Urtica; ...or alternate, with
them, as in Eueagnus. In monopetulous flowers they are insert-
ed into the corolla; but scarce ever in polypetalous. In the class
Icosmdria* they are always inserted in the calyx, as they are
also in Epilobium, Oenothera, JussijEa, Ludwigia, Oloenlan-
Dia, Isnarda, Ammanta, Peplis, Lythrum, Glaux, and Rhexia;
and in some ApF.TALOUsf flowers, as in Eueagnus; but it is

more common for them to be inserted into the receptacle, like the

calyx and corolla.

VARIATIONS OF THE ANTHERS.

9
The Number of the antherae is either a single one to each fila-

ment, as in the generality of plants ;...one common to three, as

in CucuRBiTA;...0ne to Jive, as in the whole class Syngenesia% ;

two to each filament, as in Mercurialis ; ...three to each, as in

Flmakia ;...five to three filaments, as in Bryonia ;... or five to

each, as in Theobroma.
In some plants that have single antherae to the filaments, some
of the antherae are wanting; thus one is wanting in Cleonia and
Martynia ;...two in Pinguicula and Verbena three in Gra-
tiola, and in some Bignonias and Geraniums ;...four in Curcu-
ma;. ..and five in Pentapetes and some Geraniums.
Tne number of cells that contain the pollen, is either one,

as in Mehcurialis ;...too, as in IIelleborus three, as in Or-

chis;. ..or four, as in Fkitillaria.
The Figure of the antherae is either oblong, as in Liliumj...

globose, as in Mercurialis sagittate, arrow-shaped, as in Cro-

cus ungulate, cornered, as in Tulipa ;... or cornute, horned, as

in Hamamei.is, Erica, Vaccinium, and Pyrola.

They burst either on the side, as in Leucoium, and most
flowers ;...on the apex, as in Galanthus and Kiggellaria ;... or

* See Part II. Chap. XV. f Without petals. I See Part II. Chap. XXII.
26 DIFFERENT KINDS OF PISTILS.

from the apex, to the base through the whole length, as inEpi-
mldium and Leontice.
They are fastened either by their base, as in most plants;...
their tops, as inCoLcmCuM their sides, as in Canna ; ...or grow-

to the nectarium, as in Costus.

Their Situation is either on the tops of the filaments, as in

most plants on the sides of the filaments, as in Paris and Asa-

rum;. ..on the pistillum, as in Aristolochia ;...or on the recepta-
cle, as in Arum.
The Figure of the particles of the pollen appears, by glasses,

to be either globus echinatus, a prickly ball, as in Helianthus ; ...

perforate, as in Geranium double, as in Symphytum ;...rotato-

dentate, tvheel-shaped, as in Malva ; ... angulate, cornered, as in

Viola ;... remform, kidney-shaped, as in Narcissus ;... or folia

tionvoluta, a leaf rolled up, as in Boraco.

CHAP. XIV.

OF THE DIFFERENT STRUCTURES OF THE PISTILLUM.

THE Pistillum consists* of three parts, Genuen, Stylus, and

Stigma. Of these the germen being no other than the rudiment

of the peiicarpium, its variations will be considered under that
head in the next chapter; nor need we speak here of the number
of the styles, as that will be treated of in the explanation of
the Sexual Systetnf; but as the style is often divided, we must
consider its laciniae.

* The author should have said usually cn7isists nf. Editor.

f See Part II. Chap. III. in which the titles of the orders, which are governed
chiefly by the number of styles, arc explaine;!.
 VARIETIES OF THE STYLE AND STIGMA. 27

Style — The style, in respect to its Lacinis, is either bifid,

as in Persicakia find Cornutia . . .trifid, as in Clethra and Fran-
kenia ;...(] audi ifid, as in RuAyixvs;. ..quinquefid, as in Gerani-
um ;...or dichotomous, halved, and each Utcinia halved again, as
in Cohdia.
The Figure of the style is either cylindric, like a rolling stone,
as in Monotropa ;...angulate, cornered, as in Canna subulate,

axd-shapcd, as in Geranium ;
...capillary, like hairs, as in Cerato-
carpus ;...or thicker ton arils the top, as in Leucoium.
In respect to Length, it is either very long, as in Tamarindus,
Cassia, Campanula, Scorzonera and ZE.\;...very short, as in
Papaver ;...or of the length of the stamina, as in Nicotiana, and
most flowers.
In respect to Thickness, it is either thicker than the stamina,

as in Leucoium thinner, as in Ceratocarpus ;...or of equal

thickness with them, as in Lamium.
Its Situation is either on the apex of the germen, as is too

common to need example both above and below the germen, as

in Capparis and Euphorbia (unless the lower part in these be

considered as the extension of the receptacle) ;...or on the side of

the germen, as in Rosa, Rubus, and the rest of the plants of the
order Po/yrynia, in the class of Tcosandria*, and also in Hirtella
and Suriana.
As to its Duration, it is sometimes persisting, as in the class

Tetradynamia-]-.

Stigma —The Numher of the stigmata is either a single one, as

in most flowers ;...two, as in Syringa three, as in Campanula;

...four, as in Epilobilm and Parnassia ;...or five, as in Pyrola.
The Lacini-fe of the stigma are either convolute, rolled together,

as in Crocus ;...capillaiy, as in Rum ex ;...revolute, rolled back,

as in Dianthus, Campanula, and in the class Syngenesial or

bent to the left, as in Silene ; ...and in respect to their number, the

stigma mav be sexpartitc, divided into six parts, ;ts in Asarum ;

...or mult/ful, with many divisions, as in Turnera.

* Sec Pan II. Chap. XV. f S«a Part II. Clap. Will.
I See Part II. Chap. XXLI.
 VARIETIES OF THE STIGMA.

The Figure of the stigma is either capitate, headed, as in Tri-

Bulus, Hugonia, Vinca, Ipomcea, and Clusia .globose, globe-

shaped, as in Primula, Hottonia, Linntea, and Limosella ;...

ovate, egg-shaped, as in Genipa obtuse, blunt, as in Androme-

da \.. .truncate, lopped, as in Maranta pressed down obliquely,

as in Actjea and Daphne ;...emarginate, notched, as in Melica ;

...orbiculate, rounded, sls m Lythkvu peltate, like a pelta, or

little shield, as in Sarracena, Nymphjea, Clusia, and Pa paver;
coroniform, cr own-shaped, as in Pyro la cruciform, cross-shaped,
as in Pen^a uncinate, hooked, as in Viola and Lantana ;...

canaliculate, grooved, or channelled, as in Colchicum ;... concave,

holloxv, as in Viola;... ungulate, cornered, as in Muntingia ; ...
striate, streaked, as in Papaver plumose, feathery, as in Rheum,
Triglochin, Tamarix, and in grasses or pubescent, downy, as
in Cucubalus and Lathyrus.
In respect to Length, it may be filiform, thread-like, as in

ZEA;...or as long as the style, as in Genipa.

In respect to Thickness, it may be foliaceous, resembling a
thin leaf, as in Iris.

In respect to Duration, it is either marcescent, withering, as in

most plants;... or persisting, as in Sarracena, Hydrangea,
Nymphjea, and Papaver.
 DIFFERENT STRUCTURES OF THE PERICARP. 29

CHAP. XV.

OF THE DIFFERENT STRUCTURES OF THE PERI-

CARPIU.M.

THE variations of the pericarpium itself, in respect to Num-

ber, arise properly from the number of its capsules; that is, the
number of parts into which the fruit is externally divided, the in-

ternal divisions respecting the loculaments.

In respect to external division, the pericarpium is either ab-

sent, asm the order Gymnospermia of the class Didynamia*;..,Uni-

capsular, consisting of one capsule, as in Lychnis ;...bicapsular, of
tivo, as in P/Eonia and Asclepias ;...tricapsular, of three, as in

Veratrum and Delphinium ;

...quadrjcapsular, offour, as in Rho-
diola \...quinquecapsular, of five, as in A<auiLEGiA;...or multi-

capsular, of•many, as in Caltha, Trollius, and Helleborus.

The fruit in respect to the locula?nents, or internal divisions of
the pericarpium, is either unilocular, of one cell, as in Tkientalis
and Primula ;...bilocular, of two, as in Hyoscyamus, Sinapis,
and Nicotian a ;...lrilocular, of three, as in Lilium; ...quadrilo-
cular, of four, as in Euonymus ;...quinc[ueloadar, of five, as in
Pyrola ;...sexlocular, of six, as in Asarum and Aristolochia;...
octolocular, of eight, as in the species of Linum, called Radiola ;

...decemlocular, of ten, as in Linum or multilocular, of many,

as in Nymphjea.
The pericarpium, in respect to the number of its vahides, or
outer inclosures, is either bivalve, of two valves, as in Chelido-
nium and Brassica;...^/7V«/w, of three, as in Viola, Polemonium,
and Helunthemum ;...quadrivalve, of four, as in Ludwiuia and
Oenothera ;...or quinquevalve, offive, as in Hottonia.

* See Part II. Cbap. XVIII.

30 DIFFERENT STRUCTURES OF THE PERICARP.
The dissepiments are either pared'lei to the valvules, as in Luna-
ria and I)RABAj...or placed the contrary way, as in Biscutella
and Thlaspi.
The most considerable differences in the Figure of the pericar-
pium, with the names assigned for each, have been explained in
Chap. VI. It varies farther in being turbinate, narrowing like a
child's top, as in Pvrus ; ...inflate, puffed, as in Cardiospermum
and Staphvlsa membranaceous, composed of thin membranes, as
in Ulmus triquetrous, tetragonous, pentagoaous, of three, four,
or Jive sides, as in Averrhoa, Zygophyllum, &o....or articulate,

jointed, as in Ornithopys, Hedysarum, and Rapiinus.

The Opening of the pericarpium for discharging (he seeds

when the fruit is ripe, is either at the apex, which may be qua-
dridentate, split into four segments, as in Diamwis;. ..quinqusden-
tate, into five, as in ALSiNE;...or decemdentate, into ten, as in

Cerastium ; ...opening at the base into three parts, as in Triglochin

and Campanula;. ..or into five parts, as in Ledum ;...at the angles,

corners, longitudinally, lengthways, as in Oxalis and Orchis

through a pore, hole, Campanula
as in or horizontally across

the middle, as in Anagallis, Plantago, Amaranthus, Portulaca,

and IIyoscyamus.
All fruit that is articulate, jointed, opens at every one of the
joints, each of which is monospermous, single seeded.
The Confinement of the seeds is sometimes elastic, bursting
like a spring, as in Oxalis, Elaterium, Momordica, Impatiens,
Cardamime, Phyllanthus, Euphorbia, Justicia, Ruellia, Dic-
tamnus, Hura, Ricinus, Tragia, Jatropha, Croton, Clusia,
acalypha.
The Situation of the pericarpium is at the receptacle of the

flower, either placed under it, as in Vaccinium and Eiulobium ;

...over it, as in Arbutus and Tulipa ;...or both above and below
it, as in Saxikraga and Lobelia.
 DIFFERENT STRUCTURES OF THE SEEDS. 31

CHAP. XVI.

OF THE DIFFERENT STRUCTURES OF THE SEEDS.

IN' respect to the Number of seeds contained within the fruit,

plants are either monospermous, having one seed, as in Polygonum

and Collinsonia ;...dispermous, two, as inHwcvs ...trispcrmotis,

three, as in Euphorbia or tetraspermous, four, as inTouRNE-

FORT1A.
In respect to the number of loculaments of the seed itself, it

has but one in most plants but is biloculav, with two cells, in

Cornus, Xanthium, Locusta, Valeriana, and Cord:a.

In respect to its Figure, it is either cinct, girt, as in Arena-
ria and Bryonia ;...cordiform, heart-shaped, as in Medeola ;...
reniform, kidney -shaped, as Anacardium and Phaseolus
in

ovate*, egg-shaped, as in Polygala and IsATis;...or echinate,

prickly, like an echinus, or hedge-hog', as in Lappula, a species
of Myosotis.
In respect to their Substance, they are osseous, botiy, as in

Corylus, LiTiiosr-ERMUM, and nuts of all kinds;. ..or callous,

tough, as in Citrus.

The Curonula, little crown, that attends many seeds, is either

caivculus, a small calyx formed of the perianthium of the flower,

as in Scabiosa, Knautia, Ageratum, and ArtcTOTis;...or pappus,

a down; and this pappus is either capillary, like a hair, that is

simple and filiform;... thread-shaped, as in IIieracium and Sonchus;

...plumose, feathery, that is, shaggy and compound, as in Crepis,
Scorzonera, and Tracopogon paleaceous, chafy, as in Bidens,

Silphium, Tagetes, and Coreopsis or zvanting, as in Tana-

cetum.

* The term ovate is U3ed to express an elliptical figure when it is blfcader at one
end than the other; and the term oval for the same figure, when the ends are alike.
Author.
 ;

32 DIFFERENT STUCTUKES OF THE RECEPTACLE.

The seed has an Arillus*, in Coffea, Jasmin um, Cynoglos-
sum, Cucumis, Dictamnus, Diosma, Celastrus, and Euonv-
MUS.
The seeds in repect to Size may be very small, as in Campanu-
la, Lobelia, Tracheuum, and Ammania ;...or very large, as in

Coccus.
In respect to Situation, they are either nidulantia, nesting,

that is, dispersed about the pulp, as in Nymph.ea fastened to

the suture, as in plants that are siliquose, podded ...fastened to

the columella, as in Malva ;...or placed on receptacles, as in Nico-

tiana and Datura.
The Hilum of the seed is evident in Cardiospermum and STA-
PH YE.'!; A.
The Corculum is close to the hilum.

CHAP. XVII.

OF THE DIFFERENT STRUCTURES OF THE RECEP-

TACLE.

IT is in the class SYNGENESIAf, which containsthe compound

flowers, that the varieties of the receptacle are principally
to be
considered.

In respect to its Figure, it is either plane, fiat, as in Achillea;

...convex, rounding, as in Matricaria or conic, shaped like a
cone, as in Anthemis and Melampodium.
In respect to its Surface, it is either naked, as in Matricaria ;

-..punctate, dotted, as in Tkagopogon ;...villose, shaggy, as in

* See Chap. VII. t See Part II. Chap. XXII.

 SINGULAR STRUCTURES. 33

Andryala setose, bristly, as in Centaurea ;...or paleaceous,

chaffy, as in Hypochjeris and Anthem is.

In some simple flowers the fruit has separate receptacles, as in
Magnolia, Uvaria, and Michelia.

CHAP. XVIII.

op THE SINGULARITIES IN THE STRUCTURE OF THE

PARTS OF FRUCTIFICATION.

BY a singular structure of the parts of fructification is to be

understood such a one as is observed but in very few genera; it

is directly opposed to the natural structure explained in Chap. X.

For instances of this we may mention Arum, whose stamina
the
are within the pistilla ;...the Adoxa, whose germen separates the
corolla from the calyx ;...the Salvia, whose filaments are articu-

late, jointed ;...the Eriocaulon, whose stamina are placed on the

.germen, and whose corolla and calyx are below the germen ;...and
the Magnolia, the receptacle of whose fruit is capitate, headed,
the seeds, which are like berries, hanging by a thread out of the

capsule ; but to take the parts in their order.

The Calyx is usually less coloured than the Corolla; but in

the American Bartsia the peri ant In urn is red J.. .in the Herbace-
ous Cornus the petals are black, but the involucrum white ;...and
in the American Cornus the involucrum is red, and cordate, that
is, heart-shaped. In Astrantia the involucrum is coloured ; and
in Palms the spathaj are red ; where the corolla is wanting, the
perianthium is apt to be more coloured, especially when the flow-

ers are blowing, as in Ornitiiogalum, Persicaria, and Polygo-

num where either the calyx or the corolla is found to be less

T)
 SINGULAR STRUCTURES.
coloured, the leaves often take a colour, as in Amaranthus Tri-
color.
In most plants the Stamina and Petals arc inserted into the
Receptacle, in the bottom of the flower ; but the plants of the class
Icosandria* have a monophyllous calyx, the inner side of which
is r
L, irt with aline, into which the stamina and petals are fastened ;

and the calyx is also observed to support the flowers in some other

plants, as in Lythrum, Epilobium, CEnothera, Ammania; Is-

narda, Peplis, and El.eagnus. In some plants the receptacle

is lined on all sides with the perianthium, and the corolla adheres
to the perianthium as though it were glued to it ; this is found in

the cucurbitaccous-f plants, such as Cucurbita, Passiflora, Fe-

VILLiEA, MOMORDH'A, TrICHOSANTHES, CuCUMIS, BRYONIA, Sl-
cvos, Melothria, and Gronovia; the same is also observed in
Cactus. In some others there is a receptacle that elevates the
pericarpium, as in Passiflora, Capparis, Breynia, Arum, Calla,
Dracontium, Pothos, Zostera, Nepenthes, Clutia, Relic -
TERES, and SlSYRINCHIUM.
In monopetalous flowers the stamina are usually inserted into
the petal, but they are separate from it in the plantcc bicornesl,

viz. in Ledum, Azalea, Andromeda, Clethra, Erica, Myrsine,

Memecylum, Santalum, Vaccinium, Arbutus, Royena, Dios-
pyros, Melastoma, and Pyrola they are separate also inCis- ;

sus and Aloe. In polypetalous flowers the stamina are usually

separate from the petals. But this also has a few exceptions ; for
in the Statice, which is pentapetalous, the filaments are insert-
ed in the claws of the petals; in Melanthium, which is hexa-
petalous, they are inserted in the petals ; and in the Lychnis, w hich
is pentapetalous, as also in Saponaria, Cucubalus, Silene, and
Agrostemma, which were formerly ranged with the Lychnis,
every other stamen is fastened to the claws of the petals.

The Anthers are commonly placed on the tops of the fila-

ments: but they stick close to the sides of the filaments in Pa-

* See Part IT. Chap. XV.

f So called from their affinity to the cucurbita. ,

X Having two horns ;

these plants have been so called from their bifid Anthcr<e.
 SINGULAR STRUCTURES. 35

ais and Asarum, and adhere to the stigma without filaments in

Aim TO LOCH I A.

The singularities of the Nectaiuum have been already men-

tioned in Chap. XII.
The Pistil is commonly placed within the anthers: but in the
Ahum there is this singularity, that the receptacle runs out into
a club, the base of which is occupied by the pistilla, and the up-
per part by the stamina; so that here the pistilla stand on the
outside of and surround the stamina; and in the Ethiopian
Calla these parts are disposed in the same manner. The Rumex
is singular in the insertion of its stamina.
The Style is commonly placed on the top of the germen.
Some exceptions to this have been given in Chap. XIV. to these
mav be added Passerina, Gnidia, Struthia, and Stellaria.
The Pericarp i* generally shut; but in Reseda and Datisca
it is always open : in Parnassia it gapes at the time of flowering,
and closes afterwards.
That the pericarpiaare ever found one within another, the great-
er containing the smaller ones, Linnceus refuses to admit ; for

although there is the appearance of such a singularity in Mag-

nolia, Uvaria, and Michelia, he thinks the outer pericarp is

in such cases to be looked upon only as a common receptacle.

Where the pericarp is a berry, it is distinguishable into proper

berries, those which are formed of the pericarp;... and improper or

singular, such as are formed of any of the other parts.

The berry is improper or singular in the following instances,

viz. When it is a calyx, asinBLiruM, Morus, Basella, Ephe-

dra, Coix, Rosa and Coriaria ;.. .a receptacle, as in Taxus, Rhi-
/.oniORA, Anacardium, Ochna, Laurus, Eicus, Dorstenia, and
Fracaria ;...a seed, as in Rubus, Magnolia, Uvaria, Miche-
lia, Prasium, Uvularia, Panax, Adonis, Crambe, and Osteo-
spermum ;...an Arillus, as in Euonymus and Celastrls ;...a

ncctarium, as in Mirabilis ;...a corolla, as in Adoxa, Potekium,

and Coriaria ;.. .a capsule, as in Euonymus, Andkos/emum, Cu-
cubalus, and Epidendrum ;...a dry berry, as in Linn.ea, Gali-

um, &c. Tetragonia, Myrica, Trientalis, Troptolum, Xan-

l) 2
36 AGGREGATE FLOWERS.
thium, Juglans, Ptelea, Ulmus, Comarum, Amygdalus, and
Mirabilis ; ... a capsule externally, as in Dillenia, Clusia,

Nymphjea, Capparis, Breynia, Morisonia, Stratiotes, Cycla-

men, and Strychnus ;...a holloiv berry, as in Staphyl.ea, Car-
diospermum, and Capsicum ;.. .a conceptacle, as in Act;ea ;...a

legumen, as in Hymen^a, Cassia, Inga, and Ceratonia ;...or a

strobilus, as in Annona and Juniperus.

The berry does not naturally burst, being soft, and the dis-
persion of the seeds being designed to be by means of animals.

The berries in the Cape Adonis are evidently aggregate, many

united in one.

CHAP. XIX.

OF AGGREGATE FLOWERS.

COMPLETE flowers are either simple or aggregate. Simple

flowers differ from aggregate in this, that they have not any part
of fructification common to many flowers, as is the case with ag-
gregate. Flowers are called aggregate when many flosculi, Jin-
rets, are by the mediation of some part of the fructification com-
mon to them all, so united, that no one of thqm could be taken
out without destroying the form of the whole, of which it was
a part. The common part in aggregate flowers is either the re-

ceptacle or the calyx. A partial flower of the aggregate one is

called jlosculus, a floret. Aggregate flowers are primarily divi-

sible into seven kinds, viz. 1. The aggregate, properly so called.

2. The compound: 3. The umbellate. 4. The cymose.. 5. The

mentaceous. 6. The glumose. 7. The spadiceous : all which we
shall explain in their turn.

1. An Aggregate flower, properly so called, has a recepta-

cle that is dilate, extended in breadth, the florets standing on

 AGGREGATE FLOWERS. 37

peduncles, foot-stalks* , as in Scabiosa, Knautia, Dipsacus, Ce-

ph alanth us, Globularia, Leucadendron, Protea, Brunta,

Barreria, and Statice.

2. A Compound flowerf is an aggregate one, comprehending

many florets that are sessile, without peduncles, on a common re-

ceptacle that is entire, and having also a common perianthium,

but furnished with antherae that grow together in the form of a
cylinder.

The properties of a compound flower are, 1. A common recep-

tacle enlarged and undivided. 2. A common perianth'ium, sur-
rounding all the florets. 3. The florets monopetalous and ses-
sile. 4. The antherae of each floret five in number, and growing
together in a cylinder. 5. A monospermous germen under each
of the florets. Of these properties, the two last are essential to

a compound flower; but observe, that there are some whose

calyx contains only a single floret, as Echinops, Stcsbe, Corym-
bium, and Artemisia.
Compound flowers are of three kinds: 1. Ligidate, when all

the corollulce, little corollce of the florets, are plane, flat, shaped

like ligula, a narrow tongue, or fillet, and expanded towards the

outer side. 2. Tubulose, when all the corollula? of the florets are
tubulose, and nearly equal. 3. Radiate, having rays, when the
corollulae of the disk, middle parts, are tubulose, and those of
the circumference, margin, of another form : which variation af-

fords three cases, viz. when the corollulai of the circumference

are either ligulate, as in Achillea ;

...tubulose, but unlike the tu-

bulous florets of the disk, as in Centaurea ;...or naked, as in Ar-

temisia and Gnaphalium. A compound flower usually consists

of many florets, but rarely of a determinate number of thein.

3. An umbellate flower is an aggregate one, consisting of

* Peduncle is the foot-stalk of a flower only ; the foot-stalk of a leaf is called a

dole.

These are the flowers of the class Syngevesia, see Part II. Chap. XXII.
f
 ; ;

AGGREGATE FLOWERS.
many florets placed on a receptacle, on fastigiate peduncles*
that are all produced from the same point. A simple umbel is

when the receptacle is but once divided into peduncles ;...a com-
pound umbel is when all the common peduncles are subdivided
into umbellulce, little umbels ...an umbellula therefore is a partial
umbel.
Umbellate flowers, properly so calledf, have the following pro-
perties : 1. A common receptacle divided into peduncles in the
manner above-mentioned, whether the umbel produced be plane,
fiat; convex, rounding; or concave, hollow. 2. A germen under

the corollula. 3. Five distinct stamina that are deciduous. 4.

A bifid pistillum. 5. Two seeds joined at their summits.

A radiate umbel is when the marginal petals are larger than

those of the disk, as in Tordylium, Caucalis, Coriandrum, Am-

mi, and some species of Heracleum; an umbel may vary also
in having the flowers of the margin differing in sex from those
of the disk, as in Astrantia, Caucalis, Artedia, CEnanthe, and
Scandix. The involucrum varies, in being either tctraphyllous, of
four leaves, as in Hydrocotyle, Sison, and Cuminum ;...penta-
phyllous, of jive, as in Bupleurum, Scandix, and Bubon ;...hep-
taphyllous, of seven, as in Ligusticum decaphyllous, of ten, as

in Artedia :...with the partial involucrum dimidiate, halved, going

but half round, as in -3vthusa, Coriandrum, and Sanicula
or caducous, falling off, as in Ferula and Heracleum.

4. A Cymose flower is an aggregate one, of many florets,

placed on a receptacle upon fastigiatej peduncles, the primary

ones of which issue from the same centre, as in an umbel ; but
the secondary, or partial ones, lie dispersed without order
which circumstance distinguishes the cyma from the umbel, as
in Opllus, Ophiorrhiza, and the species of corrius, called Vir-
ga-sanguinea, or bloody-rod.

* See the first note in Chap. VIII.

f The umbellate flowers, properly so called, belong to the order Dizynia, of

the class Pcntundria. See Part II. Chap. VIII.

X See the first note on Chap. VIII.

 DOUBLE FLOWERS.
5. An Amentaceous aggregate flower has a filiform, thread*
shaped receptacle, along which are disposed amentaceous squama-,
scales that form an amentum, or catkin, as in Xanthium, Ambro-
sia, Parthenium, Iva, Ajlnus, Betula, Salix, Populus, Cory-
lus, Carpjnus, Juolans, Fagus, Quercus, Li ttu i dam bar, Cyno-
MORION, FlCUS, DoRSTENIA, PaRIETARIA, UrTICA, PlNUS, AbIES,
Cupressus, Thuya, Juniperus, Taxus, and Ephedra.

6. A glumose aggregate flower has a filiform receptacle, the

base of which is furnished with a common glume, husk, as in Bro-
mus, Festuca, Avena, Arundo, Bri/a, Poa, Aira, Uniola, Cy-
nosurus, Melica, Elymus, Lolium, Triticum, Secale, Horde*
dm, Scikpus, Cyperus, and Carex.

7. A spadiceous aggregate flower is, when there is a recepta-

cle common to many florets, placed within a spatha or sheath ;

such a receptacle is called a spadix, and is either branched, as in

palms, or simple. In this last case the florets may be disposed

either all ? ound it, as in Calla, Dracontium, and Pothos;...
on the lower part of it, as in Arum ;...or on one aide of it, as in

Zostera.

CHAP. XX.

OF LUXURIANT FLOWERS, COMMONLY CALLED

DOUBLE.

A FLOWER is said to be luxuriant, when some of the parts

of fructification are augmented in number, and others thereby
excluded. The luxuriancy is commonly owing to the luxurian-

cy of its nourishment ; the part multiplied is usually the corolla,

but sometimes the calyx also; and by this increase of the covers,
40 DOUBLE FLOWERS.
the essential parts of fructification are destroyed. Luxuriant
flowers are divisible into, 1. Multiplicatc, multiplied. 2. Plcni,

full. And 3. Proliferous, producing yoimg ; to which may be

added, 4. Mutilate, maimed ; such as are deficient in some part,
which stand opposed to the luxuriant ones : all these shall be

explained in their order.

[. Flowers are said to be multiplicate, when by the increase

of the corolla only a part of the stamina are excluded ; and

this distinguishes them from the flores pleni, full flowers, in

which the multiplication of the corolla is so great as to exclude

them all. Multiplicate flowers are distinguished into duplicate,

triplicate, quadruplicate, &c. that is, having a double, treble, or

quadruple series, or row, according to the number of the repeti-

tions of the corolla. The polypetalous flowers are the most sub-
ject to multiplication ; the monopetalous are multiplied likewise,
but it is very uncommon to meet with them full. A coloured pe-
rianthium, though it may have the appearance of a repetition of
the corolla, ought not to be considered as such ; for though this

appearance is in some degree monstrous, unnatural, it is no mul-

tiplication.

2. A flower is said to be plenus, full, when the corolla is so

far multiplied as to exclude all the stamina, as was before ob-
served. The plenitude, fullness, is occasioned by the stamina
running into petals, with which the flower is so crowded as fre-

quently to choak the pistillum also. The parts essential to gene-

ration being thus destroyed in full flower it is evident they must
be barren ; wherefore no good seed is to be expected from
them*. And for the same reason of their imperfection, we should
be cautious also of constituting a genus from them ; for the cha-

racters of a genus should be drawn from the parts when in their

natural state, and not when in a state of luxuriancy.

Plenitude is chiefly incidental to polypetalous flowers, as in

* Some few, as the Pionia, Papaver, and Nig clla, perfect their seed : but thesr:
are rather multiplicatc flowers than full ones.
 DOUBLE FLOWERS. 41

"Malus, Pvrus, Pf.sica, Cerasus, Amygdalus, Myrtus, Rosa,

Fragaria, Ranunculus, Caltha, Hepatica, Anemone, Aqui-
LEGIA, NlGELLA, PaPAVER, PcEONIA, DlANTHUS, SlLENE, LYCHNIS,
Cc-RONARIA, LlLlUM, FrITILLARIA, TuLIPA, NARCISSUS, CoLCHl-
cum, Crocus, Cheiranthus, Hespeuis, Malva, Alcea, and
Hibiscus.
Plenitude of monopetalous flowers is by some authors held a
contradiction ; but this cannot be granted ; for there are instances

of it in Colchicum, Crocus, Hyacinthus, and Polianthes:

however, it is rare that their luxuriancy passes duplicity. When
they are filled, it is by the multiplication of the lacinia:, segments ;

whereas the polypetalous are usually filled by the multiplication

of the petals ; but the manner in which the impletion, filling, is

brought about, must be more particularly considered.

The impletion is either in simple or compound flowers; we
shall begin with the simple.
The impletion of simple flowers is by the increase either of the

petals, or of the nectarium. The impletion of the Aquilegia is

observed to be after three different manners, viz. either, 1. By

multiplying its petals, and excluding the nectaria ; 2. By multi-
plying its nectaria, and excluding its petals ; or, 3. By multi-
plying its nectaria, and retaining its petals; in which last case

the five petals remain, and the spaces between them are each of
them filled up with a triple case of nectaria; that is, three nec-
taria buried one within another.
The impletion of the Nigella by multiplying the nectaria
is

only ; that of the Narcissus two ways, by multiplying either the

nectarium only, or both nectarium and petals; tliat of Delphi-
nium, for the most part, by multiplying the petals, and exclud-
ing the nectarium. The change wrought in the Saponaria An- .

glicana is remarkable, the flower from pentapetalous becoming

truly monopetalous ; and the alteration in the Peloria is also

very singular* : but the most extraordinary instance of plenitude

* The Peloria is a plant which ha* been found in some parts of Sweden, growing
amongst the species of Antirrhinum called Linarla. It resembles the Linaria so
 42 DOUBLE FLOWERS.
is that of the Opulus flore globoso, commonly called the ad-
der rose. In the common simple Opulus, the flowers are pro-
duced on a cyma, which consists of a great number of cavipanu-
latc, bell-shaped, hermaphrodite flowers in the disk, and of others
in the circumference, whose corollas are larger, flat, and wheel-
shaped ; and that are barren, wanting the pistillum. But in the

Opulus flohe globoso, all the flowers of the disk are barren
also, and shaped like those of the circumference ; so that the
impletion here arises only from the additional number of barren
flowers, the corollas of which are of a larger size; and in this it

resembles the impletion of the compound flowers, of which we

shall presently speak.

Before we leave the simple flowers, it will be of use to remark,

that a simple flower, in a state of luxuriancy, may in all cases

be distinguished from a compound one in its natural state, by

this rule ; that in simple flowers, how much soever multiplied,
there is but one pistillum in the centre of the flower, common
to the whole multiplication ; whereas in compound flowers, each
of the florets is furnished with its own pistillum and stamina.
We come now to the impletion of compound flowers ; that
these are of three kinds, ligulate, tubulose*, and radiate, has been
shown and explained in Chap. XIX. where it has also been seen,
that there is not either in the ligulate or tubulose any distinction
of disk or radius, all the florets in these being alike ; but that the
contrary is the very characteristic of the radiate ; now this being
attended to, the manner of the impletion will be easily under-
stood. Compound flowers gain their impletion two ways, either
by the radius, or the disk. We shall begin with the first.

Impletion by the radius is w hen, by

r
the multiplication of the

nearly, in every thing but the flower, that they are not to be known one from the
other, till their flowers appear; and even in the flowers they agree in the calyx, peri-

carpium, and seeds, and also in colour; which has given rise to a supposition,

that the Pdoria is only a Linaria in a monstrous state ; see the Dissertation of" Da-
niel Rudbcrg on the Pdoria, in the Amanitates Academica vol. I. p. 5280. This is

now known Pdoria has been known to return back to the Lino*
to be the fact, as the

ria; and flowers of both kinds have been found on some plants. Editor.
* Tubulose, tubular. Editor. _
 DOUBLE FLOWERS. 43

radius, the disk of the flower is filled up; as in Helianthus,

Calendula, Chrysanthemum, Anthemis, Matricaria, Ptar-
mica, Tagetes, and the species of Centaurea, called Cyan i s.

In this sort of impletion, which belongs only to radiate flowers,

it is observable, that all the florets which fill up the disk follow
the conditions of those of the radius ; so that if the florets of the

radius in the natural flower have a pistillum, all those of the full

flower will have one also, as in Matricaria, Bellis, Chrysan-

themum, and Tagetes; or if they have no pistillum, then it will

also be wanting in the full one, as in Helianthus, Calendula,

and Centaurea ; and the same holds true of the male part also;
for as the florets of the radius in the natural flower are never fur-

nished with antheree, so these are wanting also in all those of

the. full ones. This last remark is of great use to distinguish a
radiate full flower, from a ligulate natural one; which might be
confounded in many cases, were we not apprised that there are
antheraj in the latter, but none in the former; by this rule in

Chrysanthemum, Helianthus, Calendula, and Tagetes, when

the disk is destroyed by the multiplication of the radius, we know
by the defect of anthera?, that it is only the luxuriancy of a ra-
diate flower, as in Hieraciim, Leontodon, and Sonchus; by
the presence of the antherae we know the flowers to be ligulate

and natural.
Impletion by the disk is, when there is no multiplication of
the radius ; but the corollnlse of the disk run out into length, and
have their brims less divided : this manner of impletion seems to

concern only the radiate and the tubulose*. In the radiate, it

will so far afl'ect the radius, as to change its flowers from ligulate

to tubulose : instances of this manner of impletion may be had

in Bellis, Matricaria, and Tagetes. In the Carduus of the
oats, which is a species of Serratula, the corollula; are both

lengthened and enlarged. In respect to the ligulate flowers, if

* This is not expressly asserted, as the distinction is omitted in the Philosophia

liulanica of Liniiteus ; but it appears to be his meaning, by bis tpeaking of the im-
pletion of ligulate flowers separately afterwards.
 +4 DOUBLE FLOWERS.
we confine ourselves to the two-fold manner of impletion, after

the author, whose divisions we have adopted, we shall be obliged

to call their impletion also, an impletion by the disk; though the
manner of it dilfers from that last explained, and the expression
does not so well answer to flowers, that in the botanical sense of
the term have properly no disk at all. But not to stop at too

great niceties, their impletion is by the lengthening of their stig-

mata, and the enlarging and diverging of their germina ;
by
which augmentations, the full flowers are to be distinguished

from the natural ones, as in Scorzonera and Lapsana vulgaris;

which last, hinnims tells us, is frequently found with a full flower
at Upsal.

3. Flowers are said to be proliferous, when one flower grows

out of another: this generally happens in full flowers, the full-

ness being the cause of their becoming proliferous. Prolification

is after two manners ; 1. From the centre ; 2. From the side.

Prolification from the centre, which happens in simple flowers,

is when the pistillum shoots up into another flower, standing on

a single peduncle; of which there are instances in Dianthus, Ra-
nunculus, Anemone, Geum, and Rosa.
Prolification from the side, which happens in aggregate flow-

ers, properly so called (see Chap. XIX.), is when many pedun-

culate flowers are produced out of one common calyx ; of which
there are instances in Bellis, Calendula, Hieracium, and Sca-
biosa.
In umbellate flowers, the prolification is by the increase of the

umbellulae, one simple umbellula producing another, as in Cor-

nus and Periclymenum ; and in this manner compound umbels
will become supra decompound, more than compounded a second time,

as in Selinum and Thysselinum.

A proliferous flower is called frondose*, leafy, when it pro-

* Fnms, with the ancienis (though frequently used, in respect to trees, in the

same sense with folium, a leaf) implied, in its proper signification, a part of the

wood of the tree with the leaf; or as we should express it, a t?vig with leaves ; and
for this reason they never applied the term to the leaves of herbs (which were always
 DOUBLE FLOWERS. 45

duces leaves ; this rarely happens ; but instances of it have been

found in Rosa, Anemone, and others. The other kinds of pro-
lification are frequent enough.

4. Mutilate flowers are the reverse of luxuriant. Linnaus

confines the term to those flowers only that want the corollas,

though they ought to be furnished with it; which often happens

in Ipomjea, Campanula, Ruellia, Viola, Tussilago, and Cucu-
balus. The cause of this defect he ascribes chiefly to the want
of sufficient heat.
The luxuriancy of the calj/x, mentioned in the beginning of
this chapter, is very unfrequent, but not without instances; in

Dianthus Caryophyllus there is a variety, in which the squama:,

scales, of the calyx, are so multiplied as to constitute a perfect
spike, in a manner most singular. The Gramina, grasses, of the
Alps, become full by their glumar, husks, shooting out into

leaves, as in a species of the Festuca ; and in Salix rosea,

and Plant age rosea, the squamae of the amentum of the former,
and the bracteae* of the spike in the latter, will shoot into leaves
also.

Linnaus has enumerated some tribes of plants, which -are not

found subject to luxuriancy; but as the heads, under which he
has ranged them, are taken from the systems of preceding
writers, and not from the sexual, it would perplex the reader to

explain them ; and we shall therefore omit them. The curious

may have recourse to them in the P/rilosoplria Botanica, p. 81.

called folia), but only to those of trees. Linnwus has availed himself of this old

distinction to make it a botanical term ; which he applies to express the circum-

stances of palms and Jilices, ferns; in the former of which the branches, and in the
latter even the stem itself is an actual leaf : and here again he applies it to the leafy

prolification in question, calling it frundose, rather than foliaceous, for the like

reason. Author.
* Floral leaves.
 46 DOCTRINE OF THE SEXES OF PLANTS.

( HAP. XXI.

OF THE SEXES IN PLANTS.

THE distinction of flowers into male, female, bisexual, and

neuter, has been already explained in Chap. IV. To which
we must add, that bisexual flowers are sometimes distinguish-
able into male and female bisexual : this is, when, although the
flower contains the parts belonging to each sex, one of them
proves abortive or ineffectual ; if the defect be in the stamina,
it is a female bisexual ; the pistillum, a male cjie. The case
wherein this distinction becomes necessary, happens very rarely.
It will be shown in the course of this chapter.

Plants, in respect to sex, take their denominations from the

sex of their flowers, in the manner following :

I. Bisexual plants are such as upon the same root bear

flowers, that are all composed of the two sexes in the same co-
rolla, as in most genera.

2. Androgynous, male and female, such as upon the same

root bear both male and female flowers, as in the class Mo-
nwcia*.

3. Male, such as upon the same root bear male flowers only,
as in the class Diaxiaf.

1. Female, such as upon the same root bear female flowers

only, as in the class Dicecia.

* Sec Tart II. Chap. XXIV. t See Part II. Chap. XXV,
 DOCTRINE OF THE SEXES OF PLANTS. 4?

Polygamous* such as either on the same, or on differ-

ent roots, bear bisexual flowers, and flowers of either or of both
sexes, as in the class Polygumia\.

Of plants that are polygamous on the same root, there are

three cases: 1st. Male bisexual and Female bisexual flowers;
which is a very rare case ; but is observed in Musa. 2. Bisexu-
al and male flowers, as in Verathum, Celtis, jEgilops, raid
Valantia. 3. Bisexual and female flowers, as in Paiuetaria and
Atriplex.

Of such as are polygamous on tivo distinct roots, the cases

are four; 1. Bisexual flowers and male, as in Panax, Nyssa, and
Diospyros. 2. Bisexual flowers and female, as in Fraxinus. 3.

Bisexual flowers and both male and female, as in Gleditsia|.

4. Androgynous\\ and male, as in Arctopus. Of plants that are
polygamous on three distinct roots, there is but one case, viz.

Androgynous, male, and female, as in Ficus§.

* Sec the signification of this term explained in the account of the title of the
class Polijgamia, in Part II. Chap. XXVI.
f See Part II. Chap. XXVI.
Jin the Glcditsia, which is the only known instance of this case, the male flow-
«rs and the bisexual are produced upon the same plant, and the females on a distinct

one.

II
This case and the next, having no bisexual flowers, seem to be exceptions to
the definition of polygamous plants.

§ The instance of this case given in the Philosnphia Bolanica is the Empclrum
but that genus is removed to the class Dioccia, in the last edition of the Genera
Plantation ; where a note informs us, that the bisexual flowers, which the author

had once seen on a plant of this genus, could not afterwards be ever found again.
We have therefore changed this instance for the Fiats, the only other instance left

of this singular case. Some have asserted, that the Ficus'lB only male and female;
and this age hath refuted the opinion of Cainerarius, who maintained, that the seeds
of figs produce never any plants. Linnams asserts that trees have been raised in

Holland from the seed of fruit imported from Italy. But if the fruit be produced in

France, England, Germany, or Sweden, where there are no wild figs, the seeds

produce nothing ; on the other hand, if those seeds are sown, whieh grew in Italy or
the Greek islands, where the male fig abounds, the plants spring tip with ca*c, put-
ting forth leaves which at first are like those of the Mallow.
48 DOCTRINE OF THE SEXES OF PLANTS.
The best proof of the sexes in plants is drawn from the pro-
duction of hybrids, or bastards, which is well observed in Cab-
bages. One Richard Baal, a gardener at Brentford, sold a great
quantity of cauliHoiver seeds, which he raised in his own garden,
to several gardeners in the suburbs of London, who carefully
sowed the seeds in good ground, but they produced mostly the
common long-leafed cabbage, for which reason they complained
they were imposed upon, and commenced a suit against Baal in
Westminster Hall ; the judge's opinion was, that Baal must re-
turn the gardeners the money he had received, and also make
good their loss of time* and crops, being wholly unacquainted
with the sexes of plants. Vide Ray's History, vol. 1. p. 42. This
apparent fraud we ought not to ascribe to the poor gardener, for
it. depended wholly on the impregnation by the common sorts ;

wherefore, if any one doth possess an excellent sort of cabbage,

he ought not to let it flower in the same bed with any other of an
inferior sort, lest the good sort should be impregnated with the
dust of the other, and produce a degenerate race*.

* Those who wish for further information upon this curious point will do well to
consult Doctor Thornton's superb new Illustration of the Sexual System of Carolu*
Von Linnaeus. Editor.
I
 PART SECOND.

CHAPTER I.

OF THE SEXUAL SYSTEM, AND ITS ORIGIN.

THE Sex ual System, as its title imports, is founded on a

discovery, that there is in vegetables, as well as in animals, a

distinction of the sexes. This was not wholly unknown to the an-
cients ; but their knowledge of it was very imperfect.
It has been seen in the course of this work, that the flowers
of the generality of vegetables are bisexual, containing within
them the characters of both sexes ; and we shall see in the classes

Moncecia and Diccciu, the sexes are parted, and allotted to differ-

ent flowers ; and that in the class Diaccia in particular, the sexes

are even on different plants, the male flowers growing all upon
one plant, and the female upon another. Now this last circum-
stance the ancients had observed : indeed it could hardly escape
their notice ; for the Palm-tree, whose fruit was in esteem, being
of the class Dicecia, a very little observation was requisite to
teach them, that in these trees the flowers of the male were ne-
cessary to ripen the fruit of the female. Accordingly we find, id

V.
 :

50 ORIGIN OF THE SEXUAL SYSTEM.

the account given by Herodotus* of the country about "Babylon,
where these trees are in plenty, that it was a custom with the
natives, in their culture of this plant, to assist the operations of

nature, by gathering the flowers of the male trees, and carrying

them to the female. By this means they secured the ripening of
the fruit, which might else, from unfavourable seasons, or the
want of a proper intermixture of the trees of each sex, have been
precarious, or at least not to have been expected in equal quan-
tities.

It seems pretty extraordinary, that this discovery should not

have led the ancients to detect the whole process of Nature in the

propagation of the various species of vegetables ; and yet it does

not appear, by any of their writings that are come down to us,

that they went farther than this obvious remark upon the palm-
tree, and some similar notions concerning the fig. They had
indeed, from what they saw in these plants, formed a notion, that
all others were male and female likewisef; but this notion was
false, the far greater part having bisexual flowers, and serves to
convince us, that what they discovered of the palm and fig, was
only a right guess, and not founded on any knowledge of the
anatomy of flowers, either in those trees, or any others.

In this dark state the doctrine of the sexes of vegetables re-

mained, not only through all the ages of antiquity, but almost to
the end of the last century, the moderns seeing no more of this

doctrine than the ancients had done before them ; and hence we
have to this very hour in use, the false distinctions of male and
female species of cornus, pceony, cistus, and many others, which
have all bisexual flowers, the distinction in these cases being

* Book the first.

f Thus Tlieophrashis says, in his History of Plants

" In trees, considered universally, and taking in each several kind, there are, a=
has been said, many differences. One of these is common to them all, namely, that
by which they are distinguished into female and male, of which the one bears fruit,

the other not, in some kinds ; in those in which both bear fruit, that of the female
ft the best, unless these are to be called males, for so they are called by some.

Hist. PI. Book iii. Chap. IX.

 ORIGIN OF THE SEXUAL SYSTEM. 51

grounded on nothing more than some difference in the habit of

the two species with which the sexes are no ways concerned.
The honour of having first suggested the true sexual distinc-
tions in plants appears to be due to our countryman, Sir Thomas
Millington, from whose hints Dr. Grew, as the doctor himself ac-

knowledges, was led to the observations he has given on this

subject, in his Anatomy of Plants*. After this, Camcrarius, More-

land, Geqffroy, Vaillant, Blair, Jussieu, and Bradley, pursued
their enquiries and experiments so far as to remove all doubt con-
cerning these discoveries ; and lastly, Linnaus added his observa-
tions, and founded thereon the system of botany, which we are
going to explain in this work.
The sexual hypothesis, on its first appearance, was received
with all that caution that becomes an enlightened age ; and na-
ture was traced experimentally through all her variations, before
it was universally assented to. Tournefort refused to give it any-
place in his system ; and Pontedera, though he had examined it,

treated it as chimerical; but the proofs which Linnaws has

stated amongst the aphorisms of his Fundamenta Botanicaf, and
farther explained and illustrated in his Philosophia Botanica\, are
so clear, that the birth of animals is not more evidently the con-
sequence of an intercourse between the sexes, than that of vege-
tables; and it would be now as ridiculous for any one, who has
looked at the arguments, to doubt of the one as of the other.
We shall not attempt to lay all these proofs before the reader :
our business is to explain, not demonstrate ; but as it may be sa-

tisfactory to see some one fact established, that carries convic-

tion with it, we shall here give an extract of a letter from Berlin,

* Published in the year 1682. The doctor expresses himself thus: " In discourse
hereof with our learned Savilian professor, Sir Thomas MiLlington, he told me, he
conceived that the attire doth serve as the male, for the generation of the seed. I

immediately replied, that I was of the same opinion, and gave-him some reasons for

it, and answered some objections which might oppose them, &c." Anat. of Plants,

p. 171.

f Aphorism 132 to 150.

X Page 86 to 96.
E2
 a! ORIGIN OF THE SEXUAL SYSTEM.
inserted in the Philosophical Transactions*, concerning a remark-

able experiment made on the palm-tree.

Professor Mj/lius's Letter to Doctor Watson, dated at Berlin,

February 20, 1750—51.

" The sex of plants is very well confirmed, by an experiment

that has been made here on the palma major foliis flabclliformi-

bus. There is a great tree of this kind in the garden of the

Royal Academy. It has flowered and bore fruit these thirty
years, but the fruit never ripened, and when planted, it did not
vegetate. The palm-tree, as you know, is a planta dia:cia ; that
is, one of those in which the male and female parts of generation
are upon different plants. We having therefore no male plants,
the flowers of our female were never impregnated with the farina
of the male. There is a male plant of this kind in a garden at
Leipsic, twenty German miles from Berlin. We procured from
thence, in April, 1749, a branch of male flowers, and suspend-
ed it over our female ones ; and our experiment succeeded so
well, that our palm-tree produced more than an hundred per-
fectly ripe fruit; from which we have already eleven young
palm-trees. This experiment was repeated last year, and cm-
palm-tree bore above two thousand ripe fruit. As I do not re-
member a like experiment, I thought it convenient to mention it

to you ; and, if you think proper, be pleased to communicate

it to the Royal Society/'

This letter, which was read to the Society the 2d of May,

1751, with some ingenious observations on the same subject, by
"Dr. Watson, F. R. S. to whom it was addressed-]-, has established
the fact, attested by the ancients, concerning the palm-tree,
which some may, perhaps, have looked upon as fabulous; and,

• Vol. XLVII. Page 169.

f Printed also in ;he Philosophical Transactions with the letter.
 ORIGIN OF THE SEXUAL SYSTEM.

as the fructification in other vegetables, though it may differ in

particular circumstances, has yet, in general, a manifest con-

formity with that of the palm-tree, in respect to the parts sup-

posed to be the organs of generation, which are discoverable either
on the same, or on a separate flower, in all but the class Crypto-
gamia, where they are too minute for observation ; so from this

single experiment we may fairly draw an argument, by analogy,

for the confirmation of the whole sexual hypothesis : but there
are, as has been said, other, and stronger proofs. We have al-

ready directed the reader to those stated by Linnaus; whoever

desires farther satisfaction concerning this point, may see the se-

veral demonstrations collected, and methodically connected in

the Sponsalia Plantarum of J. Gustavus Walkbloom, published in
the Amocnitutcs Academics at Ley den, in 1749.
1

The Sexual Svstem was invented by Linnmts, professor of

physic and botany, at Upsal. It is founded on the parts of fruc-
tification described in the former part of this work : these having
been observed with more accuracy, since the discovery of the
uses for which Nature has assigned them, a pew set of princi-
ples have been derived from them ;
by means of which, the dis-
tribution of plants has been brought to a greater precision, and
rendered more conformable to true philosophy in this system,
than in any one of those which preceded it. The author of it

does not pretend to call it a natural one ; he gives it as artificial

only, and modestly owns his inability to detect the order pur-

sued by Nature in her vegetable productions : but of this he

seems confident, that no natural system can ever be framed,
without taking in the materials, out of which he has raised his
own ; and urges the necessity of admitting artificial si/stems for

convenience, till one truly natural shall appear*.

* Linnanis has gives Fragmcnta Mcthodi naturalis, Fragments of the natural Me-
thod, in which he has made a distribution ol plants under various orders, putting toge-
ther in each, such as appear to have ^.natural affinity to each other. This appear, after
a long and fruitless search after the natural method, he gives as the result of \m

I
54 PLAN OF THE SEXUAL SYSTEM.
Bv the Sexual System plants are disposed according to the num.'
her, proportion, and situation of the stamina and pistilla, &c. The
manner of their distribution will appear in the following chap-

ters. We shall here only speak in general of the divisions of the

system.
The first general division of the whole body of vegetables is

into twenty-four classes; these are again subdivided into orders,

the orders into genera, the genera into species, and the species
into varieties, where there are any worthy of note. Of these di-

visions, we shall treat of the three first only in this second part.
These more immediately respect the theory of the science than
the other two, which, though systematic divisions likewise, have,
as our a jthor observes, a nearer relation to the practice ; and it

is in these also that the principal improvements in the manage-

ment of the science are more particularly included.

As the classes and orders of the system will be separately

treated of in the following chapters, we shall conclude this in-
troductory one with a table, exhibiting their titles at one view,
in the order in which they stand in the system ; that the reader

may have recourse thereto, as he finds occasion*.

own speculation, for the assistance of such as may engage in the same pursuit.

See his Classes Ploiitarum, p. 485, and Phil. Bot. p. 27.

* Should any difficulty occur to the young student, in comprehending the Sexual
System of Curolus Von Linn<tus, the reader is referred to Doctor Thornton's very
easy explanation of that admirable system, in his " Grammar of Botany,'' where
symbolical characters have been used, so that no capacity can fail of at once perfectly
comprehending' the Sexual System, or to his more expensive and elaborate work the
"New Illustration of the Sexual System of Linn/tus," Folio. This last

work was honoured by a diamond ring presented to the Doctor, by Alexander.,

the present emperor of Russia.
 TABLE OF TIIE SEXUAL SYSTEM. 55

CLASSES AND ORDERS OF THE SEXUAL SXSTEM.

CLASSES. ORDERS.

t MONANDRIA 1. Monogynia. 2. Digynia.

1. Monogynia. 2. Digynia. 3. Tri-

II. DIANDRIA gynia.

I. Monogynia. 2. Digynia. 3. Tri-

III. TRIANDRIA { gynia.

Tc
^1. Monogynia. 2. Digynia. 3.
IV. TETRANDRIA
tragyma.

1. Monogynia. 2. Digynia. 3. 7W-

V. PENTANDRIA gynia. 4. Tetragynia. 5. Pen-
tagynia. 6. Polygynia.

1. Monogynia. 2. Digynia. 3. TW-

HEXANDRIA gynia. 4. Tetragynia. 5. Po-

VI.
I4
lygynia.

1. Monogynia. 2. Digynia. 3. Tfc-

VII. HEPTANDRIA Heptagynia.

{ tragynia. 4.

I. Monogynia. 2. Digynia. 3. TW-

VIII. OCTANDRIA gywia. Tetragynia.
{ *•

Monogynia.
l. ivionogyn
r 1. 2. Trigynia. 3. Her-
IX. ENNEANDRIA
1 ogynia.
56 TABLE OF THE SEXUAL SYSTEM.

CLASSES. ORDERS.
Digynia. 3. Tri-
fl. Monogynia. 2.

X. DECANDRIA -J gynia. 4. Pentagynia. 5. De-

(~ cagynia.

C 1 Monogynia.
. 2. Digynia. 3. Tri-

XI. DODECANDRIA< g]/

nia - 4 Pentagynia.
- 5. Do-
£ decagynia.

f I. Monogynia. 2. Digynia. 3. Tri-

XII. ICOSANDRIA < 4 - Pentagynia. 5. Po-

f\. Monogynia. 2. Digynia. 3. TW-

5 -

XIII. POLYANDRIA ) *'

f^®"*.
tagynia. o. Hexagyma. 7- Po-
J

XIV. DIDYNAMIA 1. Gymnospennia. 2. Angiospermia.

XV. TETRAD YNAMIA 1. SiliciXosa. 2. Siliqitosa.

1. Triandria. 2. Pentandria. 3. 0c-

tundria. 4. Enneandria. 5. De-
XVI. MONADELPHIA <
candria. 6. Endecandria. I.Do-
decandria. 8. Polyandria.

f 1. Pentandria. 2. Hexandria. 3. Oc-

XVII. DIADELPHIA { , .
J -
t tandria. 4. Decandria.

Pentandria 2 Icosandria. 3.Po-

XVIII. POLYADELPHIA J ** > -

t lyandria.

.1. Polygamia equalis. 2. Polygamia

superflua. 3. Polygamia frustra-
nea. 4. Polygamia necessaria.
5. Polygamia segregate. 6. ilfo«
 TABLE OF THE SEXUAL SYSTEM. 57

CLASSES. ORDERS.
1. Diandria. 2. Triandria. 3. 7c-
trandria. 4 Pent and ria. 5. Hex-
XX. GYNANDRIA
andria. 6. Decondria. 7. Do-
detandria. 8. Polyandria.

Monandria. 2. Diandria. 3. Tri-

andria. 4. T.lrand: ia. 5. Pen-

tandria. 6. Hexandria. 7. Hep-
XXI. MONCECIA
tan dri a. 8. Polyandriu. 9. Mo-
nad eJphi a. 10. Syngenesia. H.
Gynundria.

.1. Monandria. 2. Diandria. 3. Tri-

andria. 4. Tetrandria. 5. Pen-

tandria. 6. Hexandria. 7. Oo
XXII. DKECIA tandria. S. Enneandria. 9.

candiia. 10. Dodecandria. II.

Polyandria. 12. Monadelphia.

13. Syngenesia. 14. Gynandria*

XXlIT. POLYGAMIA 1. Monoscia. 2. JXecia. 3. Triacia.

Filices. 2. Musci. 3. 4.
XXIV. cryptog;
JAMIAi
Fungi.

APPENDIX 1. Palma*.

* Vide Plate of the Classes, at the end of this work.

 ;

5t TITLES OF THE CLASSES,

chap. ii.

explanation of the titles of the twenty-

four classes.

HAVING, in the preceding chapter, given the divisions of the

system, we shall in this explain the meaning of the terms used
for the titles of the classes. As these terms in the Greek lan-

guage, from whence they are taken, are all expressive of the
principal circumstance that obtains in the class to which they
are applied, the explanation of them will itself give us a good
insight into the proper characters of the several classes, and trie

sexual distinctions on which they are founded : however it will

be necessary to say something more particular concerning many

of them afterwards in the chapters we shall allot for each of
them separately.

Class 1. MoNANDRlA. 2. DlANDRTA. 3. TrIANDRIA. 4. Te«

trandria. 5. Pentandria. 6. Hexandria. 7. Heptakdria.
8. Octandria. 9. Enneandria. 10. Decandria. — These ten
classes, which consist of bisexual flowers, take their denomina-
tions from the number of stamina, or male parts of the flower.
The word here compounded with the numerical terms, signifies a
male; so that the title Monandria expresses that the flowers of
this class have but one male, that is, one stamen ; Diandria, two
stamina; Triandria, three; Tctrandria, four ; Pentandria, fire
Hexandria, six ; Heptandria, seven ; Octandria, eight ; Ennean-
dria, nine; and Decandria, ten. It must be observed, however,
that the flowers being bisexual, as above mentioned, is in all
these classes a necessary condition ; for should the female part
be wanting, the plant would belong to some other class, notwith-
standing the number of stamina may be such as would otherwise
 TITLES OF THE CLASSES. 59

refer it to one of these : and this caution we give once for all to
avoid repetitions, that when we use the term bisexuul, we mean
that it is a condition not to be dispensed with.

Class II. Do de can Diu a. —This term, in the Greek, imports

that the flowers have tivelve males, or stamina. However, the
. class is not confined to this number, but includes all such bisex-
ual flowers as aie furnished with any number of stamina, from
twelve to nineteen inclusive: no flowers have yet been found to
have eleven stamina, which is the reason no class has been al-
lotted to that number.

Class 12. Icosandria. —This term imports, that the flowers

have twenty males, or stamina; but here again the title is to be
understood with great latitude ; for though the plants that
belong to this class are rarely found with less than twenty stami-
na, yet they frequently have a greater number : and they are
therefore not to be known with certainty from those of the next
class, without having recourse to their classic character; which,
not being expressed in the title, we forbear the explanation of
here, as we shall give it in the chapter allotted for this class.

Class 13. Poly an diu a. —This term imports, that the flowers
have many stamina.

Class 14. Didynamia. — This term signifies the power, or su-

periority of two, and is applied to this class, because its flowers
have four stamina, of which there are two longer than the rest.

This circumstance alone is sufficient to distinguish this class from

the fourth, where the four stamina are equal ; but the flowers of
this class have also their particular character, besides what the
title expresses, their corollae being mostly ringent, as will be
shown in its place*.

Class 15. Tetkadynamia. —This term expresses the power, or

superiority of four; and accordingly there are in the flowers of

* See Ch«p. XVII. See also Part I. Chap. III. where the term ringent is ex-
plained.
 ;

60 TITLES OF THE CLASSES.

this class six stamina, four of which are longer than the rest

which circumstance distinguishes them from those of the sixth

class, where the six stamina are equal but these flowers have :

their particular character also, their corolla? being cmciforvi*^

Class 16. Monadelphia. —The word here, compounded with

the numerical term, signifies a brother. This relation is employ-
ed to express the union of the fdaments of the stamina, which in
this class do not stand separate, but join at the base, and form
one substance, out of which they proceed as from a common
mother; and the title of the class expresses a single brotherhood,
meaning that there is but one set of stamina so united, w hich di-
stinguishes the class from the two following ones. The number
of stamina in this class is not limited: the flowers have their
particular character-f.

Class 17. Diadelphia.—This term expresses a double bro-

therhood, or torn sets of stamina, united in the manner explained
in the preceding class. The number of the stamina is not limited :

Hie flowers of this class have a very particular character, their

corolla being papilionaceous, as will be shown in its placet.

Class 18. Poly a Delphi a. —This term expresses many brother-

hoods, or sets of stamina ; the flowers have no classic character,
farther than is expressed in the title.

Class 19. Syngenesia. — This class contains the compound

flowers described in Part I. Chap. 1 9. The title signifies congene-
ration, alluding to the circumstance of the stamina; in which,
though the filaments stand separate, yet the anthera?, subservi-
ent to generation, are united in a cylinder, and perform their
office together. The classic character will be explained in its

placc,l.

* See Chap. XVIII. See also Part Chap.

I. III. where ihe term cruciform u
•xplaincd. '

f See Chap. XIX.

+' See Chap. XX. See also Part I. Chap. III. for the explanation of the term
p/ipilionaccoiis.

|| See Chap. XXII.

 TITLES OF THE CLASSES. <51

Class 20. Gynandiua. —The term is compounded of two words,

that signify wife and husband; and alludes to the singular cir-
cumstance of this class, in the flowers of which the stamina grow
out of the pistillum.

Class 21. Mongecia. —The word here, compounded with the

numerical term, signifies a house or habitation. To understand
the application of this title, we must know, that the plants of
this class are not bisexual, but androgynous*, the flowers that
have the stamina wanting the pistillum, and those that have tiie

pistillum Wanting the stamina. Now the term monaccia, which

signifies a single house, alludes to this circumstance, that in this

class the male and female flowers are both found on the same
plant, whereas in the next they have distinct habitations.

Class 22. Dia-ciA. —This term, which signifies two houses, is

applied to this class (the plants of which are mule and female),
to express the circumstance of the male flowers being on one
plant, and the female on another; the contrary of which is the
case of the androgynous class Moncecia last explained.

Class 23. Polygamia. —The term signifies plurality of mar-

riages. This class produces, either upon the same or different
plants, bisexual flowers, and also flowers of one sex only, be it

male or female.

Class 24. CaYPTOGAMiAf. —The term signifies concealment of

marriages; this class consisting of such plants as either bear their
flowers concealed within the fruiti, or have them so small, as to

be imperceptible.

* See Part I. Chap. XXI.

f- Perhaps the Greek words should have been expressed; but the editor was fear-

ful of adding them, as Mr. Lee has knowingly omitted them. These may, however,
be seen in Doctor Thornton's Giummar of Botany.
t The Ficus, whose flawers arc' within the fruit, used to be put in tBtf < la»s; but

Is since removed to the twenty-third class, Pvlygamra.

 .

62 TITLES OF THE ORDERS.

CHAP. III.

EXPLANATION OF THE TITLES OF THE ORDERS.

THE titles of the orders have been given in Chap. I. It re-

mains to explain them.

Class 1 to 13, inclusive. —The orders of the first thirteen classes

take their denominations from the number of the pistilla, or
female part of the plant, which is usually reckoned from the base
of the style, if there be any ; but if the style be wanting, the
number is fixed from the stigmata. The Greek word, compound-
ed with the numerical terms in the titles of these orders, signi-
fies awife: Monogvnia implies one wife, or one style ; Digynia,
two styles ; Trigynia, three; Tetragynia, four; Pentagynia,
five; Hexagynia, six; Decagynia, ten; and Polygynia, many.
These are the titles that occur in the orders of these thirteen
classes ; and this general explanation of them will be thought
sufficient, as from the table given in the first chapter it appears
how they are employed in the classes.

Class 14. Didynamia. —Of the three orders of this class the
two first are founded on a distinction in the fruit. The title of the
first order, Gymnospermia, is expressive of such plants as have
naked seeds ; and that of the second, Angiospermia, of such as
have their seeds in a vessel, or pericarpiwn. A third order, Po-
lypetala, is expressive of such plants as have many petals : this
order seems to have been established in favour of one genus of
plants only, the melianthus, the flowers of which are polypetalous,

though those of all the rest of this class are monopetalous*

* This order is properly omitted in the Sy sterna Nature, published in 1756.

See th« note ou this order, in Chap. XVII.
 TITLES OF THE ORDERS. 6S

Class 15. Tetradynamia. —The two orders of this class are

founded on a distinction in the pericaipium. In the first order,
Siliculosa, the pericarpium is a Silicula, little siliqua ; which
differs from the Siliqua in being round, and having the apex of
the dissepiment, which had been the style, prominent beyond
the valves, often so far as to be equal in length to the siliqua.

In the second order, Siliquosa, the pericarpium is a Siliqua,

which is long, and without any remarkable extension of the
style.

Class 16. MON'ADELPHIA. 17. DlADELPHlA. 18. PoLYADEL-

phia. The orders of these three classes are founded on the num-
ber of the stamina in each brotherhood, or distinct set of sta-
mina. The titles of the orders being the same that are used for
the titles of the early classes of the system, the explanation need
not be repeated here.

Class 19. Syngenesia. —To understand the orders of this class,

we must explain what is meant by polygamy in flowers. We have

already treated of polygamous plants, and shown that the term
polygamous, as there applied, alluded to the intercommunication
of the male or female flowers with the bisexual ones, either upon
the same, or a distinct plant ; but in respect to flowers, the term
is applied to a single flower only j for the flowers of this class

being compound, a polygamy arises from the intercommunication

of the several florets in one and the same flower. Now the poly-
gamy of flowers, in this sense of the word, affords four cases,
which are the foundations of the four first orders of this class.
First order, Polygamia ;equalis, equal polygamy, is when all the

florets are bisexual. Second order, Polygamia superflua, su

perfluous polygamy, when some of the florets are bisexual, and
others female only; for in this case, as the fructification is per-
fected in the bisexual, the addition of the females is a superfluity.
Third order, Polygamia frustranea, frustruneous or ineffectual

polygamy, when some of the florets are bisexual, and others neu-
ter; for in this case the addition of the neuters is of no assistance
to the fructification. Fourth order, Polvcamia necessaria, ne*
64 TITLES OF THE ORDERS.

cessary polygamy, when some of the florets are male, and the rest
female ; for in this case, there being no bisexual, the polygamy
arising from the composition of the florets of different sexes, is

necessary to perfect the fructification. Fifth order, Polygamia

seguegata. The title signifies to be separated, the plants of
this order having partial cups growing out of the common calyx
which surround and divide the flosculi or florets. Sixth order,
Monogamia : the title signifies a siiiglc marriage, and is opposed
to the polygamia of the four other orders ; for in this, though the
anthcrse are united, which is the essential character of the flow-
ers of this class, the flower is simple, and not compounded of
many florets, as in the other orders.

Class 20. Gynandria.—The orders of this class are founded on

the number of stamina. The titles have been already explained.

Class 21. Moncecia. 22. Dicecia. These two classes, whose

flowers have no fixed character, but that of not being bisexual,
take in the characters of almost every other class ; and the or-
ders have accordingly been disposed under the titles of those
classes to which their respective flowers would have belonged if

the stamina and pistillum had been under the same covers. As
the explanation of all these titles has been given in the last chap-
ter in the explanation of the classes, it need not be repeated here.

Class 23. Polygamia. —In this class the titles of the two first

orders are the same with the titles of the twenty-first and twenty-
second classes, and are to be understood in the same manner; that
is, I. Moncecia, when the polygamy is on the same plant ; and
2. Dicecia, when it is on distinct plants. The order Tiucecia
has been established in favour of a single genus, the Jicus ; in
which the polygamy is on three distinct plants, one producing
male flowers, another female, and a third bisexual, or andro-
gynous.

Class 24. Cryptogamia. —The orders of this class are, 1. Fi-

licbs, ferns. 2. Musci, mosses. 3. Algk, flags ; and 4. Fungi,
 GENERA OF CLASS I. MONANDRIA. 6|

mushroo)ns. As the explanation of the character of these orders

will come more properly into the chapters that treat particularly
of each class, we shall content ourselves here- with having inter-
preted tlie titles as above.

CHAP. IV.

OF THE FIRST CLASS, MONANDRIA.

THIS class consists of such plants as bear bisexual flowers,

furnished with but one stamen. The orders are two, viz.

Order 1. Monogynia, comprehending such plants as have but

one style. This order contains twenty genera, distinguished into

1. Scitaminia, with an inferior fruit, one-celled or three-celled, viz.

Canna [Indian reerf)...AMOMu\i... Costus ...Alpinia...Maranta

...Curcuma {turmerick) ... Kjemptferia... Thalia ... Myrosma...
ReNEALMIA HeLLENIA HEDYCHIUM..,H0RNSTEDTIA...and
Phrymdm. 2. Fruit inferior, four-celled ; Lopezia. 3. Fruit su*

perior, Phylidrum...Cccullaria...Qualea...Usteria. 4. Owe-

seedec£...BoERHAAViA...SALicoRHiA {saltwort)... Hippuris {mare's
*«z7)...Pollichia...Mithridatea. 5. Naked seeds, Chara...Zos-
tera {sea-wrack).

Order 2. Digynia, comprehending such plants as have two

styles. This order contains five genera, viz. Corispermum...Cal-
utriche...Blitum {strawberry blite) ...Cinna... Mini arum.,. and
Lacistema.
 96 GENERA OF CLASS II. DIANDRIA.

CHAP. V.

OF THE SECOND CLASS, DIANDRIA.

THIS class consists of such plants as bear bisexual flowers, fur-

nished with two stamina. The orders are three, viz.

Order 1. Monogynia, comprehending such plants as have but

one style. This order contains forty-one genera, distinguished

into, 1 . Such as have regular corolla:, one-petalled, Jiowers inferi-
or, of which there are eleven, viz. Nyctanthes...Jasminum {jas-
mine)... Ltgustrum (privet)... Phillyrea...Olea (olive)... Cmo-
NANTHVS (sriOW-drop i/ec)...SvRINGA...EuANTHEMUM...WuLFENIA
. . .Pimelea. .and Galipea.
. 2. Such as have irregular corolla;,

and the fruit angiospermous ; of which there are thirteen, viz.

Veronica (speedwell)... P^ederota ... Justicia ... Dianthera...

Gratiola....Sch\venkia Pinguicula (butter-wort) Utricu-
laria (bladder -wort) Calceolaria (ladies' sl/pper)....CYRTAK-

DRA...BAEA...GiiiNiA...and Sciuris. 3. Such as have an ir-

regular corolla, and the fruit gymnospermous ; of which there

are nine, viz. Verbena (vervain)... Lycovus (water horehound)...

Amethystea.... Cunil a... .Ziziphor \ ....Monarda.... Rosmarinus

(rosemary)... Salvia (s«£e)...and Collinsonia. 4. Floivcrs infe-

rior, polypetalous ; of which there are four, viz. Fontanesia...

Lithophyla ... Linociera... and Dialium. 5. Fknuers superior,
Monna...Circ.ea (enchanter's nightshade).., and Globba. 6. Flow-
ers apetalous, ANcisTRUM...and Aruna.

Order 2. DigvnIa, comprehending such plants that have tivo

styles. This order contains but two genera, viz. Anthox anthum
(vernal grass)... and Crypsis.

Order 3. Trigynia, comprehending such plants that have three

ttyles. There is but one genus of this order, viz. Piper.
 GENERA OF CLASS III. TRIANDRIA. o:

CHAP. VI.

OF THE THIRD CLASS, TRIANDRIA.

THIS class consists of such plants as bear bisexual flowers,

furnished with- three stamina. The orders are three.

Order 1. Monogynia, comprehending such plants as have hut.

one style. This order contains forty-five genera, distinguished
into, 1 . Those whose flowers are superior, of which there are ten,
viz. Valeriana (ra/m'an)... Melothri v.. . Dilatris... Melotiua*
... Crocus... Antholyza... Gladiolus... Iris...Ixia... Aristea...

Morjea. 2. Flowers inferior, not glumaceous, of which there are

twenty-three, viz. Wachendorfia ... Commelina... Callisia...
Xyris...\Vitsenia... Mark a... Ziphidium...Gommelina... Oxy-
baphus...Macrolobium... Rohria... IIypocratea...Tonsella...
Lceflixgia... Willi chi a... Syena... Rumphia...Fissilia...Cneo-
rum...Comocladia...Olax...Rotala...Ortegia...Polychemum.
3. Such as have an imbricated amentum, and arc gymnospermous;
of which there are twelve, viz. Schcsnus...Cyperus... Scirpus
...Eriophorum... Lyceum... Nardus... Kyllinoia... Fuirena...
MASSANIA...MlEGIA...CENCHRUS...and PoMMERCULLlA.

Order 2. Digynia, comprehending such plants as have two

styles. This order contains thirty-three genera, viz. Cornu-
copia... Saccharum...Panicum...Phleum (cut"s-tail grass)... Alo-
pecurus [fox-tail grass)... Milium (?n il let -grass) ...Aorost is {bent-

grass) ... A I R a ... M el I c a ... Po a {meadow -grass) . . . P> r i z a (quaking-

grass) ... Uniola... Dactylis (cock's-foot grass) ... Cynosurus

(dog's-tail s;rass )... F estu c a . . . rom us St i p a (feather-grass) . .

A vena (oa*)...Lagurus (hare's-tatl grass) . . . Aru ndo (reed)...

Aristida,,.Lolium ((/ar»e/)...ELYMU9.,.SECALE (/-^...Hordeum

F2
68 GENERA OF CLASS IV. TETRANDRIA.

(barky) ...Triticum {wheat) Phalaris (canary -grass)... Paspa-

...

LUM... RoTTBOELLIA... PEROTIS... LeERSIA... PAPPOPHORUM...and

Lappago.

Ordtr .3. Trigynia, comprehending such plants as have three

styles. This order contains twelve genera, viz. Eriocaulon...
Mo nt a...i Proserpinaca.-.Triplaris... Holosteum... Polycar-
PON...M0LLUGO... MlNUARTIA &UERIA... LECHEA... K(EN1GIA
...and Donatia.

CHAP. VII.

OF THE FOURTH CLASS, TETRANDRIA.

THIS class consists of such plants as bear bisexual flowers,

furnished with four stamina. The flowers of this class may be
known from those of the fourteenth by this distinction, that the
stamina are of an equal length; whereas in those of the fourteenth,
which have four stamina likewise, there are two long and two
short. The orders of this class are three', viz.

Order 1. Monogynia, comprehending such plants as have

but one style. This order contains ninety-four genera, distin-
guished into, 1. Floivers monopctalous, one-seeded, inferior, viz.

(iLOBULaria. 2. Flowers monopetulous, one-seeded, superior, aggre-

gate, as Dihsacus (tea.9c/)...KNAUTiA...ScABiosA (scabious).... and
Alhonia. 3. Flowers monopetulous, four-seeded, as Mattuschkea.
4. Flowers monopetulous, one-fruited, inferior, asPYROSTRiA...Myo-
nima... Petitia...Aquartia... Roussea. .Callicarpa. . . .Wallo-
m a, ..Withering! a. ..jEgiphila... Cefhalanthus... Lasiostoma
 GENERA OF CLASS IV. TETRANDRIA. 69

...Scoparia... Centunculus... Plantago... Polyprenum... Bud-

LEIA...ExACUM... MVRMECIA... LaBATIA... PEN^A...aild BlJERIA.
5. Flowers monopetulaus, one-fruited, superior, as Chomelia...
Cunningh am i a. . .Scolos anthus. . Pavetta. . . Ixora... Petesia...
Catesbcea...Frgelichia...Hoi fmannia... Eknodea...Sideroden-
prum...Coccocypsilijm...Mitchella...Hedyotis...Oldenlanoia
...Hydrophylax... Manettia....Carphalea...Bellardia... San-
guisorba (great bur net). 6. Flowers monopetalous, dicoccous, in-
ferior; Houstonia. 7. Floiuers monopetalous, dicoccous, superior,

stellate; Rubia (madder). .G alium (tarf-s^'atv)...AspERULA...SHE-

rardia... Sperm acoce. . . Knoxia... Diodia... Crucianella. S.

Flowers monopetalous, tetracoccous, inferior; Siphonanthus. 9.

Flowers four-petalled, viz. Epimedium ... Cornus ... Fagara'...

Amannia...Ptelea... Ludwigia... Santalum...Trapa... Samara
Blackburnia... Skimmia... Monetia... Hartogia... Curtisia...
OTHERA...ORiXA...Cissus...and Glossoma. 10. Flowers incom-

plete, viz. DORSTENIA... El^EAGNUS. . . KrAMERI A< . . Rl VINA . . .SAL-

vadora...Camphorosma...Alchemilla...Struthiola...Cometes
...Opercularia...Protea... Rupala... Banksia... Embotrium...
POTHOS, GoNATOCARPljS, AcOZNA, IsNARDIA.

Order 2. Digynia, comprehending such plants as have two

styles. This order contains sevai genera, viz. Cruzita, Buf-
fonia, Hamamelis, Cuscuta, IIypecoum, Galopina, and
Nerteria.

Order 3. Trigynia, has one genus only; Boscia.

Order 4. Tetragynia, comprehending such plants as have

four styles. This order contains seven genera, viz. Ilex (hotly)

...COLDENIA... POTAMOGETON... RtJPPlA... SaGINA... MyGINDA...

and Till.ea.
70 GENERA OF CLASS V. PENTANDRIA.

CHAP. VIII.

OF THE FIFTH CLASS, PENTANDRIA.

THIS class consists of such plants as bear bisexual flowers, fur-

nished with Jive stamina. The orders are seven.

Order 1. Monogynia, one pistilhm. This order contains 20fc

genera, distinguished into, 1. Flowers monopctahus, inferior, one-
seeded, of which there are six genera; Mirabilis [Marvel of Peru)
...Trtcatus...Plumbago...Weigelia...Quinchamala...Corymbi-
um, I.Floxvers monopetalous, inferior, tivo-seeded ; Asperifolije, of
which there are two species ; Cerinthe (honey-wort) ...Messer-
SCHMIDIA. 3. Flowers monopetalous, infe; lor, four-seeded ; Aspe-
rifoli/E, of which there are twelve species. ..Echtum (viper s bu-
gloss)... Heliotropium (turnsole) ... Pulmonaria ... Lituosper-
mum (gromwell) ... Onosma ... Symphytum (comfrey)...¥>ovL\GO
(borage) Lycopsis... Bugloss.... Asperugo.... Cynoglossum
( hound' s-tovgue) ... Anchusa (alkanct) ... Myosotis (mouse-ear,
scorpion's-gfass). 4. Flowers ?nonopetalous, inferior, Jive-seeded,
of which there is one species; Nolan a. b. Flowers monopetalous,
inferior, with the seeds enclosed in a pericarp, of which there arc
eighty-nine genera; Coris....Hydrophyllum (water-leaf) ...Ga-
lax. ..Barreria ...Cortusa ... Anagallts (pimpernel)...\ a' sisix-
chia (loostrife) ... Dor.ena ... Cyclamen ( sow -bread J...Dodeca-

theon ( Meadia, or Virginia cmus/^;. ..Soldanelv.a...Lita... Pri-

mula (primrose) ... And rosace... Aretia... Bacopa... Hottonia

(water-violet). ..SnEFFiELniA...MENYANTHES (buck-bean J...Alla-

M AND A Til EO F H R AST A GEN 10ST0M A SpiGELI A ( WOlDl-

gi ass) SpHENOCl.EA.... OpiIlORHlZA... ReTZI A . . . CONVOLVULUS
(bind-weed)... Lisianthus.. .Datura. ..Hyoscyamus (henbane).,.
Nicotian a (tobacco) .m.Vebbascbh (mullein) ... Cheironta ..,
 GENERA OF CLASS V. PENTANDRIA. 71

Porana... Diapensia... Phlox .. .Polemonium (Jacob's ladder)...

Cantua...Ipomoea...Biioss.t.a...Azalea...Ep\chis...Nerium (ole-
andar or rose-bay) ...Echites ... Plumieria... Cameraria ...Ta-
BERN/EMONTANA ...VlNCA (pcriivinklf ) . . .Cl-.RBERA . . .ThOU IN 1 A. .

TECTONA ( ^e«/t-/recJ.'..ARDISIA...BRUMELIA...GvNOPOGON...LAU-
ceria...Varronia...Cordia...1gnatia...Ehretia... Styphelia...
WlLLOUGHBEIA... CaRISSA... J ACQU1N I A. . . MyRSINE. .BlaDHI A
. . .

P/ederia .... Rauwolfia ... Arduina .... Cestkum ... Fagr;ea ...

Tournefortia...Strychnos (poison-nut) .. .Capsicum... Solanum

(nightshade) . .Physalis (winter chmy) . . Jaborosa. . . Atrofa ...
Ellisia... Lycium ... Cryptostomum ... CuMAX...TriGUERA...So-
landra...Menais...Leea...Sideroxylum (iron-wood) ...Chr,yso-
phyllum (star-apple) ...Bassovia...Bjeobotrys. 6. Flowers w*o-

nopctalous, superior, of which there are thirty-eight genera; Samo-

LUS...VlRECTA ... BELLONIA... MaCROCNGNUM ...DENTELLA...Cm-
MARIUS...RoNDELETIA...ClNCHONA fZ»fl?^...PoRTLANDIA...RoF.I.-
la...Goodenia...Piiyteuma...Trachelium ( throat-wort J ...Cam-
panula (bell-flower) ... Lobelia... Sch;evola... Schgepsi a...Mat-
thiola...Morinda...Psycotiua...Coffea...Chiococca...Serissa...
Cephaelis... Vanguena... So lena... Webera... Gardenia... Ucri-
ana... Canephora... Bertiera ... Lonicera (honey-suckle) .. .Tri-
osteum... Plocama...Muss;enda... Schwenkfeldia.... Hamellia
...Erithalis. 7. Flowers telrape talons, one species; Stikemja. 8.

Flowers pent apetalom, inferior, contains thirty-seven species; Hir-

TELLA...RHAMNUS ^«cA:-Mo/nJ...CLEONOTHUS...CELASTRUS (staff-

trce)... Euonymus (spindlc-tre.e) ...Staavia...Euparea...Billardi-

ERA...RuYSCHIA...VlTIS fp2«C^)...EsCALLONIA...MANGIFERA (mail-
£0-free^...ZlZYPHUS...ScHREBERA... Ei.jCODENDRUM...WaLKERA...
Corynocarpus... Humboldtia... Pilocarpus. ..Cedrela... Calo-
dendrum...Scopolia...Polycari>ia...Pittosporum... Buttenria
...Ayenia...Gluta...Diosma...Sprengelia...Hovenia...Nauclea
....Impatiens (balsam)... Claytonia...Roridula... Itea...tEgi-
ceras...Sauvagesia...Ventilago...Brunia. 9. Flowers pentapc-

talous, superior, contains thirteen genera ; Ribes (currant) ...He-

DERA r/r^J...pLECTRONIA...STRUMPFIA...PlIYLlCA...CARPODETUS...
GP.ONOVIA...J ASIONE...CYPHlA.,.ARCOPIiYLLUM...LlGHTFOOTIA...
 ) ) )

72 GENERA OF CLASS V. PENTANDRIA.

Lagcecia...Conocarpus. 10. Flowers incomplete, inferior, con-

tains six genera; Achyranthes...Chenolia...Celosia (cock's-
comb). .. Illecebrum...Glaux...Colletia. 11. Flowers incom-

plete, superior; Thesium...Iieliconia...Strelitzia.

Order 2. Digynia, two phtilla, contains eighty genera,

distinguished into, I. Flowers monopetalous, inferior, which con-

tains sixteen genera; Stapelia...Cynanchum...P,eriploca...Hos-
tea...Apocymjm (dog's-bune) ...PEhGLi_ARiA...Asci.EriAS (sxval-

low-wort)... CfiROPEGiA... Melooinus... Swertia... Gentiana...

Cressa... Nama... Hydkolea... Rochefortra... D.chondra. 2.

Flowers pentapetalous, inferior, contains Jive genera; Velesia...

Linconia...Bumalda...Heuchera... Anabasis. 3. Flowers in-
complete, contains eight genera ; Salsola (saltwort) ...Chenopo-
dium (goose -foot J... Beta ( beet J . . . H ern 1 a r i a (rupttire-wort) ...

Gomphrena... Bosea... Llmus" (elm)... Microtea. 4. Flowers

pentapetalous, superior, capsuled, contains one genus ; Vasslia.
5. Flowers pentapetalous, superior, two-seeded, contains fifty ge-
nera; UMBELLATE 4
*, with both genera and partial umbels; Phyl-
lis... EkYNGIUM Ce»7«^0^)...HYDROCOTYLE...AzORELLA...CuSSONIA
...Sanicula (sanicle) ... Astrantia (masterwort) ... Heracleum
( cow-parsnip ) CEnanthe (water -dropwort) Echinophora
(prickly samphire) ...Caucalis...Artedia...Daucus...Tordylium
(hartwort). ...Cori an drum ( coriander) ...Laserpitium ( laserwort
...Peucedanum (sulphunvort) Ammi ( bishop 's-wced ... Has-
selquistia... Conium C/ie?«/ocA: /)...ExocANTHA...BuNiuM (earth-

nut) ...At ham ant a (stone-parsley) ... Buplelrum...Sium fif«ter-

parsnip)...Sfx\mm...Cvni\tivyi ( cumin) ...Ferula (giant-fennel

...Ckithmum (samphire ) ...Bubon...Cachrys...Ligusticum (lo-
vage)... Meum... Angelica. ..Sison (honewort). 6. With partial
involucres only; /Ethusa (fool's parsley) ... Scandix (chervil)...

Ch^rophyllum ( cow's parsley . . .Phellandrium (water-hemlock)

* These plants, and those of the two distinctions next following, which are gym-
nodispermoits also, are the umbellate plants of Tournefort's seventh class. See his
Institution, R. II. In dry soils they are aromatic, warm, resolvent, and carminative
;

hut in moist places poisonous. The virtue is in the roots and seeds. Avthor.
 GENERA OF CLASS V. PENTANDRIA. 73

....Imperatoria Sesf.li....Cicuta (ivater-cowbane). 7. With-

out any involucre, or scarcely any general involucre, and never any

partial one; Smyrnium (Alexanders) .... Carum (caraxoay)....

Thapsia...Pastinaca (parsnip)., ,ApraTHPM ( dillJ...Moo90i3tWM

(goat-vjecd) ....Apivm (smallage and parsley^ »..PrMPiNELLA (bin net

saxifrage).

Order.". Trigynia, three pistil la, contains twenty genera ; Vi-

burnum (wayfaring tree) ...Sambucus (elder)... Semecarpus...
Rhus...Crassine... Rf.ichf.lia... Spathelia...M\phylea (blad-
der-nut tree) ...Tamarix ( tamarisk J .. .Dry p i a . . . Tl rn e r a . . . S alma -
sia.... Sarothra ... Alsine (chickiveed; ... Telf.pheum ... Corri-
giola...Portulacaria...Pharmaceum...Xylophylla... Basella.

Order 4-. Tetragynia, four pistilla, contains two orders ; Par-

NASSIA...EV0LVULUS.

Order .5. Pentagynia, five pistilla, contains eleven geperaj

which are disposed under the following arrangement. 1.
•

superior; Aralia...Glossopetallm. 2. Flo:: ers inferior ; (

SULA...GlSECKl A. ..LlNUM (^flXj...ALDROVANDA...DR"SEi.A (SUO-

dew J...Mahernia...Commersonia...Siebaldia... Statice (thrift
N
and sea lavender).

Order 6. Decagynia, ten pistilla, contains one genus only

Schefflera.

Order 7- Polygynia, contains two genera ; Myosurus (mouse-

tail) . . .ZAtiTllOVLHlZA.
 74 GENKRA OF CLASS VI. HEXANDRIA

( HAP. IX.

OF THE SIXTH CLASS, HEXANDRIA.

' THIS class consists of such plants as bear bisexual flowers, fur-

nished with six stamina. The flowers of this class may be known
from those of the fifteenth, by this distinction, that the stamina
are of equal length ; whereas in those of the fifteenth, which have
six stamina likewise, there are four long, and two short. The or-

ders of this class are Jive, containing one hundred and twenty-one
genera.

Order I. Monogynia, one pistillum, contains 03 genera, which

fall under the following subdivisions : 1 . Flowers furnished both with
calyJc and corolla, but without spathes, which contains. 24- genera ;

Bromelia (ananas, or pine -apple ) ...Vnc\iRm\... Tillandsia...

Burmannia. ...Tradescantia ( spiderwort) ...Stephani a... Frank-

enia ( sea-heath) ...Cossignea...Loranthus...Hillia...Schradera
...Duroia...Richardia...Tacca...Barbacenia...Berberis (bar-
berry ) ...Leontice...Nandina...Prinos (winter- berry ) ...Psathu-

ba... Isertia... Canarina... Achras... Capura. 2. Flowers fur-

nished with calyx, corolla, and spathes, which contains three gene-
ra ; Corypha...Licuala...Mnasium. 3. Flowers spathaceous or
glumaceous, which contains twenty genera; Urania. ...Hjeman-
Tnus (blood -flower) ... Leucoium (snow-flake) ... Strumaria ...

Galanthus (snowdrop).. .Narcissus. ..Pancratium... Amaryllis

...Crinum... Cyrtanthus... Eustephia...Agapanthus... Ponte-

dera...Bulbocodium...Tulbagia... Allium (garlic, onion, fyc.J

...Curculigo...Aphyllanthes...Massonia...Hypoxis. 4. Flow-
ersnakcd, which contains thirty-eight genera; Xerophyta...Al-
strcemeria...Lanaria...Hemerocallis ( day-lily). ..Agave. .. Ge-
thyllis... Aloe... Aletris...Veltheimia... Polyanthes... Con-
 GENERA OF CLASS VI. HEXANDRIA. 75

vaLlaiua (lily of the valley, and Solomon's seal) ...Sansevieua...

Hyacinthus (hyacinth)... Drimia... Millea... Asphodelus (as*
phodel ) ...Eucomis...Anthericum...EiNargea...Phormium...La-
CH EN AH A. .OrN IT HOG ALU M
. (Star of Bjtkie/tem) . . .EriOSPERMUM
...Scilla ( squill)... Cyanella... Philesia...Lindera...Dracsna

( dragon-tree )... Asparagus (sparrow-grass) ...P0ELIA...G loriosa

(superb lily) ...Erythronium ( dog-tooth violet ) . .Uvular 1 a. . . Fri-
tillari a (fritillary, crown imperial) ... Lilium (lily) ... Tulipa
(tulip)... Yucca (Adam's needle)... Albuca. 5. Flowers incom-
plete, which contains six genera; Orontium.... Acorus (sxveet

fla%) ...Calamus ( rattan) ... Juncus fr«s^'"THRiNAX... Peplis

(water purslane). 6. Grasses, containing three genera ? Bambusa
(bambu cane) . . .G ahn i a . . .Eurh art a.

Order 2. Digynia, two pistilla, contains four genera ; Falkia

. . Atra p h ax 1 s . . . N e gt r is . . . Ory z a (rice )

Order 3. Trigynia, three pistilla, contains ten genera, thus

subdivided: 1. Flowers inferior, containing nine genera ; Wurm-
bea ...Colchicum (jneadow saffron)... Melanthium...Medeola
... Helonias... Trillium... Triglochin ( arrow-grass) ...Rumex...
Scheuchzeria. 2. Flowers superior, containing one genus ; Fla-
gellars. •

Order 4. Hexagynia, six pistilla, contains two genera; Da-

MASONIUM... WeNDLANDIA.

Order 5. Polygyma, many pistilla, has but one genus ; Alism\.

 . . .

76 GENERA OF CLASS VII. HEPTANDRIA.

CHAP. X.

OF THE SEVENTH CLASS, HEPTANDRIA.

THIS class consists of such plants as bear bisexual flowers,

furnished with seven stamina. The orders of this class are four,

viz.

Order I. Monogynia, comprehending such plants as have but

one style. This order contains eleven genera, falling under these
divisions: I. Flowers complete, which contains six genera, viz.

Trientalis (chickiveed, winter-green) .... Disandra ... ./Esculus

( hofse-chestnut) . .Petrocarya . .Pancovia . . Jonesia. 2. Flowers
incomplete, which contains five genera; Pisonia...Petiveria...
Dracontium...Calla...Houttuynia.

Order 2. Digynia, comprehending such plants as have two

styles. This order contains but one genus, viz. Limeum.

Order 3. Tetragynia, comprehending such plants as have/ow?-

styles. Of this order there are but two genera, viz. Saururus
(lizard's tailJ... and Astranthus.

Order 4. Heptagynia, containing such plants as have seven

styles. Of this order there is but one genus, viz. Septas.
 GENERA OF CLASS VIII. OCTANDRIA. 77

CHAP. XL

OF THE EIGHT [I CLASS, OCTANDRIA.

THIS class consists of such plants as bear bisexual flowers,

furnished with tight stamina. The orders are four, viz.

Order 1. Monogynia, comprehending such plants as have but

one style. Of this order there are fifty-three genera, arranging
under two heads 1 . Floivers complete, which contains forty-two
genera, viz. Mimusops... Cupania... Dimocarpus...Tropjeolum
( Indian C/eSSj...B«CKIA...EPHIELIS...MoLlN*A...HoNCKENYA...
Hagenia...Memecylon...Combketi;m...Roxburghia...Epilobi-
UM (willow-herb) . . .G aura . . .02 nothera ( tree primrose ) . . . Vitm an-
nia...Rhexia...Osbeckia...Tetratheca...Grislea...Koelreute-
rja...Persoonia...Guarea...Correa...Antichorus...Allophylus
...Ornithrophe...Jamboufera...Xylocarpus...Zimenia...Law-
sonia...Melicocca...Amyris... Melicope...Gnidia... Fuchsia...
Hedwigia ... MrcHAUXiA.. Chlora (yellow centaury) ...Vaccini-
um (bilberry, whortleberry, cranberry ...Menziesia...Erica (heath ).

2. Flowers incomplete, which contains eleven genera, as, Oimiii: \...

Grubbia... Buginvill^ea... LaCHN-SEA... Dirca... Daphne (mcze-

reon, spurge- laurel, bfc.) ...Passerina... Stellera... Dodon#a...
Valentin ia...Cedrota.

Order 2. Digynia, comprehending such plants as have two

styles. This order contains Jive genera, viz. Galenia...Wein-
MANNIA... McEHRFNGIA...ScHMEIDELIA...and ConiA.

Order 3. Trigynia, comprehending such plants as have three

styles. This order contains seven genera, viz. Polygonum...

• 78 GENERA OF CLASS IX. ENNEANDRIA.
Coccoloba...Paulunia...Cardiospermum...Sapindus....Seriana
...and PoN/tA.

Order 4. Tetraqynia, comprehending such plants as have

four styles. This order contains six genera, viz. Paris. ..Adoxa
(tuberous moscatcll).,*. Elatine... Haloragis...Verea ...and Fou-
SKOLEA.

CHAP. XII.

OF THE NINTH CLASS, ENNEANDRIA.

THIS class consists of such plants as bear bisexual flowers,

furnished with nine stamina. The orders are three, containing

seven genera, viz.

Order 1. Monogynia, comprehending such plants as have bur

owe style. This order contains five genera, viz. Laurus (bay,

#c v)...Anacardium ( Cfts/jeu>-ra/0'"CASsYTA...PANKE...and p LE _
GORHIZA.

Order 2. Trigynia, comprehending such plants as have three

styles. This order contains but one genus, viz. Rheum (rhubarb).

Order 3. Hexagynia, comprehending such plants as have six

styles. Of this order there is but one genus, viz. Butomus
(flowering rush).
 GENERA OF CLASS X. DECANDRIA. 79

CliAP. XIII.

OF THE TENTH CLASS, DECANDRIA.

THIS class consists of such plants as bear bisexual flowers,

furnished with ten stamina. The orders are five, containing one
hundred and twenty genera, viz.

Order 1 . Monogynia, comprehends such plants as have one style.

This order contains fifty-six genera, distinguished into, l.Such
as have flowers polypctalous, irregular, of which there are nine-
teen genera, viz. Sophora... Anagyris... Cercis (Judas' tree)

...Bauhinia (mountain ebony)... Parkinsonia. ..Cassia. .. C^sal-

pinia...Basiletto... Guilandina (bonduc or neckar tree) ... Dic-
tamnus (J'raxinella) . .Podalyria.. Pulten/EA.
. . . Hymenaia (lo-

cust-tree ).., Myroxylon. . .Toluifera...Cub;ea... Hyperanthera...

G.*:rtnera...Gomphia...Rhodora. 2. Flowers polypctalous, equal,
of which there are thirty-eight genera, viz. Ruta (rue) ...Hjema-

toxylon (log-wood) ... Ad en a nthera ... M eli a (bread-tree) ...Tri~

chilia...Zygophyllum (bean-caper)... Quassia. ..Fagonia... Tri-
BULUS ('Crt/^OpS >)...THRYALLIS...MuRRAYA...MoNOTROPA (yellow

bird's-nest)... Jussieua...Limonia...Melastoma... Ledum... Qu is-

quai.is...Bergera...Bucida...Clethra...Pyrola (winter-green).,*
Prosopis... Heisteria...Turr«a ... Dion^a ( Venus' s fly-trap) ...

Ekebf.rgia...Cynometra...Schotia...Cadia...Gilibertia...San-
doricum ... Sweitenia (mahogany) .. .Guaiacum (lignum-vitce) ...

Zwingera...Ceratopetalum...Schousbcea...Petaloma...Cookia
...Meriania. 3. Flowers monopetalous, equal, containing twelve
genera, viz. Panzera... Nicandra...Codon...Inocarpus...Stri-
gili a.. .Andromeda... Rhododendron,,, Kalmi a.,. Epig£a.,,Gu-

alteri a... Arbutus,, .and Styrax.

 )

8i) GENERA OK CLASS X. DECANDRIA.

Order 2. Digynia, comprehending such plants as have two
styles. Of this order there are twelve genera, viz. Royena...
Hydrangea... Cunonia...Chrysosplenium (golden saxifrage)...
Saxifkaga... TlABElLA... Mitella... Scleranthus (knawell) ...
Trianthema...Saponaria (soapivort)... Dianthus (pink) ...and
Silene (catch-fly .

Order 3. Trigynia, comprehending such plants as have three

styles. Of this order there are thirteen genera, viz. Cucubalus
{en mpion) ... Stellaria (
stickivorl) .... Arenari a {sandwort) ...

Cherleria...Garidella...Malpighia...Banisteria...Triopteris
... Erythroxylon... Hir/ea... Deutzia... Brunnichia... Gypso-
PHILA.

Order 4. Pentagynia, comprehending such plants as have

five styles. Of this order there are sixteen genera, viz. Aver-
rhoa....Spondias {hog-plum)... Cotyledon {navehvort) ...Sedum
,
(.s fowetrop)...PENTHORUM...OxALis {sorrel) ...Suri an a... Lychnis
...Agrostemma {campion cockle) ...Cerastium {mouse-ear chick-
weed)... Spergula {spurrey) ... Grielum... Bergia ... Cnestis ...

Jonq.uetia...Robergia.

Order .5. Decacyma, comprehending such plants as have

ten styles. This order contains only two genera, viz. Neurada
...and Phytolacca.
 .

GENERA OF CLASS XI. D3DECANDRIA. Hi

CHAP. XIV.

OF THE ELEVENTH CLASS, DODECANDRIA.

THIS class, notwithstanding its title, which is expressive of

twelve stamina, consists of such plants as bear bisexual flowers,

furnished with any number of stamina, from tivclve to nineteen

inclusive*. The orders are six, including forty-one genera, viz.

Order 1. Monogynia, comprehends such plants as have but

one style. This order contains thirty-one genera, which fall un-
der the following sections: I. Corolla none, of which there are
three genera, viz. Asarum (asarabacca) ..Bocconia...Stercularia.
2. Corolla cut in four divisions, of which there are seven genera,

viz. Rhizophora...Garcinia (mangostan) ...Crat;eva...Halesia

...ApACTis...DoDECAS...and Cren.sa. 3. Corolla five-petal led,

of which there are thirteen genera. ..Tomex... Eurva... Tritjmfet-

ta...Peganum...Kxeinhofia... Nitrauia...Aristotelia...Gra.\-
GERlA...VATICA...HbDSOiNIA...CANELLA...PoRTULACCA (purslane)
...Talinum. 4. Corolla six-petalled, of which there are five ge-
nera.. .Lytrum (loosetrife) ...Cuphea...Ginoria...Blakea...Aga-

thophylum. 5. Corolla seven-petalled, of which there is one

genus. ..Befaria. 6. Corolla eight-cleft, of which there is one
genus. ..Bassia. 7. Corolla ten-petallcd, of which there is oris

genus... Decum aria.

Order 2. Digynia, comprehends such plants as have tv:o

* Tormentilla is an exception, belonging to the next class, though it lias but six-
teen stamina. The characters of the fnieiificationiii the next class, over-rule tht

number of the stamina expressed in its title. Aituor.

G
82 GENERA OF CLASS XII. ICOSANDRIA.

styles. Of this order there are two genera, viz. Heliocarpus

...and Agrimonia {agrimony).

Order 3. Tiugynia, comprehends such plants as have three

styles. This order contains three genera, viz. Reseda {dyer's-

weed)... Euphorbia {spurge).,. and Vismea.

Order 4. Tetragynia, contains such plants as have four styles,

comprehending two genera, Aponogeton...Calligonum.

Order 5. Pentagynia, comprehends such plants as have Jive

styles. This order contains two genera, viz. Glinus...Black-
vvellia.

Order 6\ Dodecagynia, comprehends such plants as have

twelve styles. This order contains but one genus, viz. Semper-
vivum {houseleek).

CHAP. XV.

OF THE TWELFTH CLASS, ICOSANDRIA*

THIS class consists of such plants as bear bisexual flowers, of

the following characters, viz. 1. A calyx monophyllous, and
concave. 2. The corolla fastened by its claws to the inner
side of the calyx. 3. The stamina twenty or more. As the num-
ber of stamina in this class, notwithstanding its title, is not limit-
ed, an attention must be had to the two first characters, to di-

* This class furnishes the fruits most in esteem.

 GENERA OF CLASS XII. ICOSANDRIA. US

Stinguish the flowers fi tm those of the next class, with which

they might otherwise be confounded. The orders are five, viz.

Order I. Monogynia, comprehends such plants as have but

one style. This order contains twenty-one genera, which fall un-
der two sections. 1. Calyx superior, containing thirteen genera,
viz. Cactus {melon thistle) ... Eugenia.. .Philadelphia {syiin<ra)

...Psidium {guava) ... Myrtus {myrtle) ...Punica {pomegranate)

... Leptospermum ... Fabricia... ivIetrosideros... Robinsonia...

Calyptranthes... Eucalyptus., .and Fostidia. 2. Calyx inferior,

including eight genera, viz. Sonneratia ...Amygdalus {almond,

peach, nectar i«e)...PRUNus {plum, cherry, apricot, laurel)... Chry-
sobalan us {cocoa j^/w/M)... Plini a. 13 anara...Antherylium... and
SCOLOPIA.

Order 2. Digynia, comprehending such plants as have two

styles. Of this order there are two genera, viz. Crat.egus (/wt#-
thorn) . . . Waldsteinia .

Order 3. Trigynia, comprehending such plants as have three. •

styles. This order contains two genera, viz. Sorbus {service)

...and Sesuvium.

Order 4. Pentagynia, comprehending such plants as have Jive

styles. This order contains six genera, viz. Mespilus {medlar)
...Pyrus {pear, apple, <y«/wce)... Tetragon ia...Mesembryanthe«
Mum {fig marygold)...Aizoon...zn& Spir^a.

Order 5. Polygynia, comprehending such plants as hate many

styles. This order contains nine genera, viz. Rosa (rose). ..Ru-

bu> {bramble raspberry) ...F'rag aria {strawberry) ...Potentilla

{cinque/oil) ...Tormentilla {septfoil) ... Geum {avens) ...Dryas

{mountain avens) ...Comarum {marsh cinquefoil),. t zx\d Calycam-

thus {allspice).

G2
b t GENERA OF CLASS XIII. POLYANDRIA,

CHAP. XVI.

OF THE THIRTEENTH CLASS, POLYANDRIA*.

THIS class consists of such plants as bear bisexual flowers, fur-

nished with many stamina. The distinction between this clas»
and the twelfth, may be known by having recourse to the cha-
racters of the twelfth class in the preceding chapter. The or-
ders are six, containing eighty-six genera, viz.

Order 1. Monogynia, comprehending such plants as have but

one style. This order contains forty-nine genera, distinguished
into, 1 . Such as hate one petal, of which there are three genera,
viz. SwARTiA...MAUCGRAViA...and Tebnstroemia. 2. Three-pe-
talled, of which there is one genus, Trilix. 3. Four-petal led, of
which there are nine genera, viz. Capparis (capers)... Act^ea
(herb Christopher) . ..Chelidonilm (celandine)... Pap aver (poppy)...

SAKRACENA... MAMMEA...SpARMANNIA...CALOPHVXLUM...and GrIAS.

4. Such as haze five petals, of which there are twenty-one genera,
viz. Ochn a...Tiua (lime /re<^...EL^ocAUPus...CisTus...CoRCHO-

RUP... LoASA...VALLEA... StEUBECKIA... BONNETIA... LlGNOTIS...

Freziera... Maiula... Cistus... Lemniscia... Myrodendrum...

Sarracenia... Aceleti a... Ochna... Ascilm... Grewia... Mun-
TiNGEA...and i cuctcos. 5. Such as have six petals, which con-
tain Jive genera... A r
: gem one (prickly /^/^...Lagerstro-mta...
Alangmjm...Tiiea (tea i?ech..LECYTnis. 6. Such as have riehi
petals, containing one genus o*nly, Sanguinaria (puccoon). 7.

* The fruits of this class are often poisonous; which makes it necessary to distin-
guish them from thoie of the last, which abouiuls with eatable huits.
 . a M

GENERA OF CLASS XIII. POLYANDRIA. 85

Such as have nine petals, Podophyllum (cluck's foot, or May-ap-

ple). 8. Ten petals, one genus, Bixa fanotta). <). Many petals,
one genus, Nymphjba (water Uty). 10. Without petals, seven ge-
nera, viz. Prockia...M.erua...Ludia...Sloanea..;Ryania...L;e-
TiA...and Seguieria.

Order 2. Digynia, comprehends such plants as have two

styles. This order contains five genera, viz. P.'eonia (peony)...
Curatella...Fothergilla...Trichocarpus...Lacis.

Order 3. Trigynia, comprehends such plants as have three

styles. This order contains three genera, viz. Delphinium (lark-

spur) ...Aco sit vy\ (wolf's-bane)... and Homalium.

Order 4. Tetragynia, comprehends such plants as have four

styles. This order contains five genera, viz. Tetuacera...Caryo-

CAR...ClMICIFUGA...WlNTERA...and WaHLBOMIA.

Order 5. Pentagynia, comprehends such plants as have five

styles. This order contains four genera, viz. Aquilegia (co-

lumbine)... Nigella (fennel flower). ..and Reaumuria.

Order 6. Polygvnia, comprehends such plants as have many

styles. This order contains iwenly-one genera, viz. Dillenia...
Liriodendron (tulip tree) . . M agnoli . . . icheli a. ..Uvari a.. .
Annona (custard apple).. .Anemone. ..Atragene.. .Clematis (vir-

gin's bower). ..Thalictrum (meadow rue)... Adonis... Illicium

(aniseed tree) ...Ranunculus (crowfoot)... Trolli us (globe flower)
...Isopyrum.-.Helleborus (hellebore)... Caltha (marsh uiarygold)
...Hydrastis (yellow ?-oo^...Unona...Xylopia...Nelumbium.
80 GENERA OF CLASS XIV. DIDYNAMIA.

CHAP. XVII.

OF THE FOURTEENTH CLASS, DIDYNAMIA.

"THIS class consists of such plants as bear bisexual flowers,

furnished with four stamina; two of which are longer than the
rest. This circumstance would suffice to distinguish it from the
fourth class, in which the four stamina are equal; however, as
the flowers of this class have a particular structure, there are ge-
neral characters which will nearly serve for the whole class ; and
these we will give at length.

Characters of the Class Didynamia.

Calyx — A perianthium, monophyllous, erect, tubulate, quin-

quefid, with segments for the most part unequal, and persisting.

Corolla —Monopetalous and erect, the base of which con-

tains the honey, and does the office of a nectarium. The upper
lip s-raight : the lower spreading and trifid. The middle lacinia
the broadest.

Stamina —Four filaments, subulate, inserted in the tube of

the corolla, and inclined towards the back thereof. The two in-

ner and nearest the shortest. All of them parallel, and rarely
exceeding the length of the corolla. The anlherae lodged un-

der the upper lip of the corolla in pairs ; in each of which re-
spectively the two antherae approach each other.

Pistillum —The germen commonly above the receptacle.

The style single, filiform, bent in the same form as the fila-
 S

PARTICULAR STRUCTURE OF THE FLOWERS. 87

merits, usually placed within them, a little exceeding them in

length, and slightly curved towards the summit. The stigma
for the most part emarginate.

Pericarpium —Either wanting (see the first order), or, if pre-

sent, usually bilocular (see the second order).

Seeds — If no pericarpium, four seeds, lodged within the

hollow of the calyx, as in a capsule ; but if there be a pericar-
pium, more numerous, and fastened to a receptacle placed in the

middle of the pericarpium.

The flowers of this class are for the most part almost upright,
but inclining a little at an acute angle from the stem, that the
corolla may more easily cover the antherae, and that the pollen
may fall on the stigma, and not be injured with the rain. The
essential character is in the four stamina; of which the two near-
est are shorter, and all four close to each other, and transmitted

with the single style of the pistillum, through a corolla that is

unequal.

The orders of this class are two, comprehending one hundred

(md twenty-five genera, viz.

Order 1. Gymnospermia*, includes such plants as have naked

seeds. This order has these farther characters, viz. the seeds

four (excepting Phryma, which is monospervious) ; and the stig-

ma bipartite, and acute, with the lower lacinia rejlexed. It con-

tains thirty -nine genera, distinguished into, 1. Suck as have the

calyx quinquefid, and nearly equal, of which there are twenty-three

genera, viz. Ajuga (bugle)... Teucrium (germander)... atureia

(savory) ... Hyssopus (hyssop)... Nepeta (cat mint)... Lavandula

(lavender)... Betonic a (betony)... Sidtzritis (ironwort)... Mentha
(««'«/;... Glechom a (ground zty>>...PEiuLLA...LAMiuM (archangel)

* The plants of this order are scented, and are accounted cephalic and resolvent.

The virtue is in the leaves. They arc the labiati (lipped plants) of Tournefort, and
vcrticillati (plants that flower at the joints, in whirls of Ray's Hist. Plant. 508.

Author.
 . . a

GENERA OF CLASS XIV. DIDYNAMIA.

...Galeopsis (hemp nettle) ... Stachys (woundwort) ... Ballot a.
(black In »e hound) ... Makkubium (white horehouml) ... Leonurus
(moi her-wort)... I
j
bi.omis... Moluccella (Molucca balm)... Elz-
HOLrzi A...i>TSTRnpoGON...and Hvptis. 2. Such as hate the calyx
bilabiate, divided into two lips; of which there are sixteen genera,
viz. Clinopodium (l)asil) Thymus Origanum (marjoram)
(thyme). .Melissa (balm) .Dracocephalon (dragon's head)
. . Me- . . .

littis (bastard balm)... Ocyuvn (basil)... Scutellaria (scull-cap)

...Prunella (elf-heal) ... Oleoma... Prasium...Phuyma... Plec-
Tranthus.-.Thymbra, and Selago.

Order 2. Angiospermia*, comprehends such plants as have

the seeds in a pericarpium, which circumstance is constant, and
distinguishes this order from the last in every form. To this

character may be added that of a stigma, commonly obtuse. This

order contains eighty-six genera, distinguished into, 1. Such as
have a calyx undivided, which contains tivo genera, ./Eginetia...
Tanjecium. 2. Calyxes bifid, w with contains eight geaera, Obo-
laria... Orobanche (broom-rape) ... Hebenstkkitia... Torenia
• . .Castilleia. .. Ac anthus. Premn a ..and Crescentia (calabash
. .

tree). 3. Calyxes quadrifid, which contains eleven genera. ..Lip-

pi a... Lath RiE a ( tooth-wort)... Bamtsi a... Euphrasia (eye-bright)

...Rhina^thus (yellow rattle) ... Melampvrum (cow wheat ) ...

(Schwalbea... Barleria... Leselia... Gmeli n . . .and Lantana.

4. Calyxes f.ve-clcft, which contains sixty-three genera, which
subdivides into, 1. Capsule one-celled which contains twelve gene-
,

ra, AvECEisNIA...ToZZIA...PHAYLOPSIS...LlMOSELLAf?«Mf/uO?7 )...

BrOW*CUA...BruNFFLSIA... HOLMSKIOLDIA . . . Ll N DERM A. ,CoNO- .

bea...Column£a...Vandellia...Rujslha. 2. Capsule two-celled,

which contains twenty-eight genera, Alectra... Gesneeia...Cy-
RILLA... SCROPHULARIA (Jig-WO)t) ... S'lKMODIA... AcHIMENES...
•
Celsia...Hf.mim::ri-...Sjbthoi.pia...Capraria...Digitalis f/ox-
g/0PO...BlGN0MA...I.\CARVlLLEA...RuELI 1 A. . .BlCHNER A . . .EkIUS
;,..Petrea...Manulea... Antirrhinum ( snap-dragon) ...An arrhi-

* These are the pcrsonati Cpcrsonate Jlmv&sJ of Tourncjort.

 GENERA OF CLASS XV. TETRADYNAMIA. 89

NUM...Geuakdia...Pl;dicularjs (louse-wort).. .iMLmviAJS (monkey

jiow.r)... Dodartia...Chelone... Pentstemon... Sesamum (oily
grain)... Gloxinia. 3. Capsule four-celled, which contains tivo
genera, Toui.retia ... Martynia. -t-. Capsules two, one genus,
Maukandia. j. A silique ; one genus, Millinctonia. (3. A
nut; two genera, Tortujla... Pedal cm. l.A berry; five genera,
LlNN.EA... CoRNUTIA... OviED A... AmASONIA... BfSLERlA. 8. A
drupe ; eight genera, Bo'ntia...SpieLM \nnia...Yi rEx...iVlY0PORUM

... CyTH ARliXYLON YoLKAM ERI A.. ClERODENDRON... DuRANTA.

. . . .

5. Caiyxes many-cleft, which comprehends four genera, Uyo-

banche...Lepidagathis...Cymbaeia...Thunbergia. 6. Marty-
Retailed, which has only one genus, Melianthus (honey flower).

CHAP. XVIII.

OF THE FIFTEENTH CLASS, TETRADYNAMIA*.

»

THIS class consists of suc h plants as bear bisexual flowers, fur-

nished with six stamina, tivo of which are shorter than the rest,
by which last circumstance it may be distinguished from the
sixth class, whose flowers have six equal stamina. The flower*

* These are the cruciformes Ccross-shaped flowers) of Ttmrneforl, and the silicu-

lotcr, and the siliqvosee ' plants that have usilirula and siliqua) of Ray's Hist. Plant.
This class truly natural, and has been assumed as such by all systematise.
77 7. is

Linn-eis thinks he has given no other, unless it be Ci.eome. The distinction into

siliculose, and siliqtiose, is admitted by all, as a good distinction. '1 be plants are

held to be antiscorbutic and diuretic. The taste in most is watery,' mixed with a
sharpness. They commonly lose their quality when dried.
 :

00 PARTICULAR STRUCTURE OF THE FLOWERS.

of this class are of a particular structure, answering to the fol-

lowing characters

Characters of the Class Tetradj/namia.

Calyx — A perianthium, tetraphyllous and oblong ; the leaves

of which are ovato-oblong, concave, obtuse, conniving, gibbous

downwards at the base, the opposite ones equal and deciduous.
The calyx in these flowers is a nectarium*, which is the reason

of the base being gibbous.

Corolla — called cruciform, that has four equal and opposite

petals. The claws piano-subulate, erect, and somewhat longer
than the calyx. The limb plane. The lainince widening out-
wards, obtuse, the sides hardly touching one another. The in-

sertion of the petals is in the same circle with the stamina.

Stamina —The filaments six, and subulate ; of which two that

are opposite, are of the length of the calyx ; the other four some-
what longer, but not so long as the corolla. The antherte ob-
long, acuminate, thicker at the base, erect, and with their tops
leaning outwards. There is a nectariferous glandule, which in the
different genera has various appearances: it is seated close to
the stamina, and particularly to the two shorter ones, to whose
base it is fastened ; and these have a light curvature to prevent

their pressing upon it, whereby those filaments become shorter

than the rest.

Pistillum — The germen above the receptacle increasing daily

in height. The style either of the length of the longer stamina,
or wanting. The stigma obtuse.

PEiucARriuM —A siliqua of two valves, often bilocular, open-

ing from the base to the top. The dissepiment projecting at the

* It should be, contains the nectaritro. which is explained afterwards to be &

gland. Editor.
 )

GENERA OF CLASS XV. TETR ADYNAMIA. 91

top, beyond the valves, the prominent part thereof having be-

fore served as a style.

Seeds — Roundish, inclining downwards, alternately plunged

lengthwise into the dissepiment. The receptacle linear, surround-

ing the dissepiment, and immersed in the sutures of the pericar-

pium. The orders are two, containing thiity-four genera, viz.

Order 1. Siliculosa, comprehending those plants whose peri-

carpium is a silicula*. This order contains nineteen genera, sub-
divided into, I. Silicle entire; that is, not emarginate at the top,

which contains nine genera, viz. Myagrum (gold of pleasure) ...

Vella (cress-rocket )... Subularia (aivl-wort) ...Draba (whitlow

grass ) ...LuNARiAf honesty ... Cakile... Pug ionium... Buni as (sea

rocket) ...and Crambe (colewort, or sea-kale). 2. Silicle emargi-
nate at the end, which contains ten genera. ..Iberis (candy-tuft )...
Alyssum ( madwortj.r. Clypeola ( treacle mustard ) ... Peltaria
...Cochliaria (scurry-grass)... Lepidium (pepper-wort)... Thlahpi
{niithridate mustard)... Is &.TIS (woad)... BuscuTELLA...and Anas-
tatica (rose of Jericho).

Order 2. Siliquosa, comprehends those plants whose pericar-

pium is a siliquaf. This order contains fifteen genera, falling un-
der two divisions, I. Calyx closed, with the leaves converging longi-
tudinally, which contains ten genera, viz. Dentaria (tooth-wort,

or coral-wort)... Erysimum (hedge mustard)... Cheik\nthvs (wall-

Jloiver, and stock giiliflow. r)... Hfsperis (rocket). ..Arabis (wall-

cress, and rock-cress)... Tvrp.it is (tower ?nustard)...V>K a >sica (cab-

bage, rape, or cole-seed, turnip)... Raphaxvs (radish)...li icon a...

and Cordylocarpus. 2. Calyx gaping, with the leaves distant

1

above, contains five genera, Cleome...Cardamine (ladies smock)

...Sinapis (mustard). ..Sisymbrium (ivater-cress, water-rocket)... and

Heliophila.

* See the account of this order in Chap. III. + See Chap. III.
 OY CLASS XVI. MONADELPHIA.

CHAP. XIX.

OF THE SIXTEENTH CLASS, MONADELPHIA*.

THIS class consists of such plants as bear bisexual flowers,

furnished with one set of untied stamina. .This class consists of
eight orders. The characters of the flowers are as follow:

Characters of the Class Monadelphia.

Calyx —A periunthhun always present, persisting, and in most

genera double.

Couolla —Pentapetalous, the petals heart-shaped ; the sides

of w hich lap each one over the next, contrary to the motion of
the sun.

Stamina —The filaments united below, but distinct upwards if

there be more than one-f. The exterior ones shorter than the
interior. The anthercc incumbent.

Pistillum —The receptacle of the fructification prominent in

the centre of the flower. The germen erect, surrounding the top
of the receptacle in a jointed ring. The styles are all united be-
low in one substance with the receptacle, but divided above
into as many threads as there are germens. The stigma spread-
ing and thin.

* Tn this class the calyx is of great moment for distinguishing the genera, and
fixes the limits with certainty. They were formerly distinguished by the fruit ; which
not being found sufficient, recourse was had to the leaves of the plant. The plants
of this class are esteemed to be emollient and mucilaginous. Author.
•f-
The mrlvchia has five anthene, hut it docs not appear that there are any di-

stinct filaments. See its character in the Genera Flantarum. Author.

 u . .

GENERA OF CLASS XVI. MONADELPIIIA. 0:i

Pericarpium — A capsule divided into as many loculamonts as

there are pistilla. Its figure various in tlie different geuera.

Seeds — Kidney-shaped.
The corolla in this class has heen called monopctalous ; hut as
the petals are all distinct at the base, it is to be styled more pro-
perly pentapetalous, notwithstanding the petals cohere by the
union of the stamina. The orders are nine, containing sixty ge-

nera, viz.

Order li Triandria, comprehending such plants as have three

stamina. This order contains five genera, viz. Aphyteia...Ga-

laxia...Sisyrinchium. ..Ferrari a. ..Tamarindus.

Order 2. Pentandria, comprehending such plants as have

five stamina. This order contains nine genera, viz. Waltheeia
...LeRCHEA...IIeRMANMA... AlELOl'HlA... SyMTHOXIA... EliODIUM
(i7orX.V/>///)...OzoPHYLLUM...OeiiROMA... Passiflora...Heriwan-
NiA...and Melochia*.

Order 3. Heptandria, comprehends such plants as have seven

stamina, and includes one genus, Pelargonium.

Order 4. Octandria, comprehends such plants as have eiglu

stamina. Of this order there are two genera, viz. Aitonia...
Pisttia.

Order 5. Enneandria, comprehends such plants as have nine

stamina. Of this order there is but one genus, viz. Dryandra.

Order G. Decandria, comprehending such plants as have ten

stamina. This order contains three genera, viz. Conarus...Ge-

ran i
wf% . Hugon i a . . Sen r/Ea . . . and Crinodendeum.

* The reader will observe, that several of these genera were, by Linnseus, con-
sidered to be of the class Gynandria.

f The species of this genus varies singularly in the number of stamina and other
tiircumstances, viz. from 1 to 22 they have seven fertile stamina, the 1- avc alternate,

an« many flowers on a peduncle ; (these now consitute a new genu*, called i'elargo-
 94- GENERA OF CLASS XVI. MONADELPHIA.
Order 7. Endecandria, comprehending such plants as have
eleven stamina. Of this order there is only one genus, viz.

Brownea.

Order 8. Dodecandiua, comprehending such plants as have

twelve stamina. This order contains nine genera, viz. Penta-
petes...Monsonia...Helicteres (screw-tree) ... Plagianthus...
Acta...Pterospermum...Cienfuegia...Dombeya, and Assonia.

Order 9. Polyandria, comprehending such plants have many

stamina. This order contains twenty-eight genera, viz- Bombax
(silk-cotton) ... Sida... Adansonia ... Althaea (marsh-mallow) ...

Malva (mallow) ... Lavatera... Malope... Urena... Gossypium

(cotton). .. Hibiscus. ..Stuartia... Camellia (Japan rose)... Mori-
sonia... Mesua... Malachra...Gordonia...Gustavia...Caroli-

nea...Barringtonia...Crossostylis...Myrodia...Pourretia...
Palavia ... Lagunjea ... Ruizia... Pavonia ...AcHANiA...and Ki-
taibelia.

nium) : from 23 to 33 they have seven fertile stamina, anil the leaves growing op-
posite; from 36 to 45 five fertile stamina, the calyx five leaves, and the fruit de-
clined ; from 46 to 58 ten fertile stamina, and two flowers on a peduncle ; from 59
to 68 ten fertile stamina, two flowers on a peduncle, and the plants annual; from
69 to 82 ten fertile stamina, and one flower on a peduncle.
 OF CLASS XVII. DIADELPIIIA. 55

CHAP. XX.

OF THE SEVENTEENTH CLASS, DIADELPHIA*.

THIS class consists of such plants as bear bisexual flowers,

furnished with tivo sets of united staminaf. The characters of
the fructification are as follow :

Characters of the Class Diadelphia.

Calyx —A periunthium monophyllous, campanulate, and with-

ering. The base gibbous, the lower part thereof fastened to the
peduncle, the upper obtuse and melliferous. The brim quinque-
dentate, acute, erect, oblique, unequal. The lowest odd denti-
cle longer than the rest; the upper pair shorter and farther asun-
der. The bottom of the cavity moist with a melleous liquor, in-
cluding the receptacle.

The plants of the class Diatklpliia, are the papilionaceous, butterfly-shaped

pl;-.i :.s, of Tourncfort ,- irregular tetrapetalous of Rivinus ; and leguminous of Ray''s

Hist. Plant. 883. Of all the classes, this is the most natural, and has its flowers of

the most singular structure. The calyx, though hitherto little attended to, is of great
moment for fixing the genera. The legumen was held of consequence by other sys-
tematists hut by Linneeus it is made of less account. The leaves of these plants
;

are food for cattle, and the seeds also for quadrupeds of the same kind; the hitter

are accounted !iatulent.

This circumstance, implied in the title, does not hold through the class, the
f
plants given under the first distinction of the third order having mmiadrfphwus sta-

mina; the class is therefore not so properly to be fixed from its title, as by the pa-

pilionaceous corolla, and other characters of the fructification. It may be observed

likewise, that in the diadelphiou* flowers of this cla6s, one of the two stamina is not a

set of united filaments, as in the other, but only a single stamen, detached from the

united set. See the characters of die fructification.

 ;

M STRUCTURE OF FLOWERS IN CLASS XVII.

Corolla —Termed papilionaceous, unequal; the petals ex-

pressed by distinct names, viz.

Vexillum, the standard ; a petal covering the rest, incumbent,

greater, piano-horizontal, inserted by its claw in the upper mar-
gin of the receptacle, approaching to a circular figure when it

leaves the calyx, and nearly entire; along it, and especially to-
wards its extremity, runs a line or ridge, that rises up, as if the

lower part of the petal had been compressed ; the part of the pe-

tal next to the base approaching to a semicylindric figure, em-

braces the parts that lie under it. The disk of the petal is de-
pressed on each side, but the sides of it nearest the margin arc

reflexed upwards. Where the halved tube ends, and the halved

limb begins to unfold itself, are two concave impressions pro-

minent underneath, and compressing the wings that lie under
them.

Alee, the wings, two equal petals, one at each side of the
flower, placed under the vexillum ; incumbent with their mar-
gins, parallel, roundish, or oblong, broader upwards, the upper
margin straighter, the lower spreading more into a roundness

the base of each wing bifid, the lower division stretching out
into a claw, inserted in the side of the receptacle, and about the
length of the calyx ; the upper shorter and inflexed.

Carina, the keel, the lowest petal often bipartite, placed un-
der the vexillum and between the alee, boat-shaped, concave,
compressed on the sides, set like a vessel afloat, mutilate at the

base, the lower part of which runs into a claw, of the length

of the calyx, and inserted in the receptacle, but the upper and
tide laeiniae are interwoven with that part of the alae that is of
the same shape. The form of the sides of the carina, is much
like that of the alas ; and so also is their situation, except that
they are lower, and stand within them. The line that forms the
carina, or keel, in this petal, runs straight as far as the middle,

and thtn rises gradually in the segment of a circle, but the mar-
 STRUCTURE OF FLOWERS IN CLASS XVII. 97

ginal line runs straight to the extremity, where meeting the ca«

rinal, they terminate obtusely.

Stamina — are what is called diadelphia. The filaments two,

of different forms, viz. a lower one that involves the pistillum,
and an upper one incumbent on it. The former of these, from
the middle downwards, is cylindraceous, membranaceous, and
split lengthwise on its upper side; but the upper half terminates
in nine subulate* parts, that are of the same length with, and
follow the flexure of, the carina of the corolla, and of which the
intermediate or lower radiif are longer bv alternate pairs The
upper filament is subulato-setoset, covering the splitting of the
former cylindraceous filament, incumbent, on it, answering to it

in situation, simple and gradually shorter; its ba.-e is detached

from the rest, and prepares an outlet for the honev on each side.

The anthers, reckoned all together, are ten, one on the upper

filament, and nine on the lower, each of the radii being furnished
with a single one ;
they are small, all of one size, and terminate
the radii.

Pistillum — Single, growing out of the receptacle, within the

calyx. The germen oblong, roundish, lightly compressed, straight,

of the length of the cylinder of the lower filament which involves

it. The "Style subulate, filiform, ascending, having the same
length and position as the radii of the filament among which
it is placed, and withering. The stigma downy, of the length
of the style from the part turned upwards, and placed imme-
diately under the anthefse.

Pf.ricarpium —A legumen, oblong, compressed, obtuse, bi-

valved, with a longitudinal suture both above and below; each
suture straight, though the upper one falls near the base, and
the lower one rises near the top. The legumen opens at the
upper suture.

* Awl-shaped. Author.
•J-
Rays, meaning the divisions of tl»e filaments. Author.
X AwUhaped, and like a bristle. Author.
 ;

98 STRUCTURE OF FLOWERS IN CLASS XVII.

Seeds —A few, roundish, smooth, fleshy, pendulous, marked

with an embryo that is a little prominent towards the point
of insertion. When the ova* are hatched, the cotyledonsf pre-
serve the form of the halved seed.

Receptacle —The proper receptacles of the seeds are very

small; very short, thinner towards the base, obtuse at the disk
that fastens them, oblong, inserted longitudinally in the upper

suture of the legumen only, but placed alternate ; so that when

the valvulae have been parted, the seeds adhere alternately to
each of the valves.

The ordinary situation of the flowers is obliquely pendulous

that is, at an acute angle from the perpendicular. The orders
are four, containing seventy-eight genera, viz.

Order 1. Pentandkia, comprehending such plants as have. /ire

stamina. Of this order there is only one genus, viz. Monnieria.

Order 2. Hexandria, comprehending such plants as have six

stamina. This order contains two genera, viz. Fumaria (fume-
/ory)...and Saraca.

Order 3. Octandria, comprehending such plants as have e^//*

Stamina. This order contains three genera, viz. Polygala {milk-

K art).,, Secuuidaca... and Bredemkyera.

Order 4-. Decandria, comprehending such plants as have ten

stamina. This order contains fifty genera, distinguished into,

1. Such as have vionadelj)hous% filaments ; of which there are tiven-

* Eggs, meaning the seeds themselves, which answer to the eggs of animals, and
arc as it were hatched when the corculum, or first principle of the new plant begins
to strike root and vegetate. See Part I. Chap. VII. Author.
f Side leaves of the seed. See Part I. Chap. VII. The two seed-leaves, which
firstappear above ground, are these very cotyledons, which arc brought up with the
plant, after die corculum has struck; and it is these seed-leaves, that are here spoken

of. Author.
X One set, or brotherhood. Author.
 GENERA OF CLASS XVII. DIADELPHIA. 99

ty-nine genera, viz. Nissolia...Dipterix...Pterocarpus...Ame-

rimnum...Amorpha {bastard ^^o)...Trigonia...Ea¥THBINA {co-

ral- tree)... Rudolphia...Butea...Abrus...Lebeckia... Spartium

(/;r«o?«)... Genista (6?-oom)...RAFNiA...LupiNus (lupine)... Teram-
nus...Anthyllis (kidney-vetch). ..Viscwia (Jamaica dog-wood)...
Wiborgia... Sarcophyllum... Bokbonia... /Edmannia... Ulex
(furze, whins, orgorsc)...AvtACHis (earth-nut)... Asp \l\ thus. ..Ono-

nis (rest-harrrow). ..Bossiea... Crotalari a. .and Platylohium.

.

2. Stigma pubescent, stamens diadelphous, of which there are seven

genera ; Colutea (bladder-senna) . . Phaseolus (kidney-bean). ..Do-.
liciios... Orobus (bitter vetch)... Pisum (pea) ...Lathyrus (ever-

lasting y)f«)...and Vicia (vetch, or tare). 3. Legume subbilocular,

stamens diadclphoas, of which there are three genera; Astragalus

(r?«7t-rc/c7j)...BisERRULA...and Phaca (bastard vetch). 4. Legumes
one or two-seeded, stamens diadelphous, of which there are ten ge-
nera ; Dalbergia... Dale a... Psoralea...Trifolium (trefoil).,.

Dorycnium... Hallia... Stylosanthes...Cylista...Glycyrrhiza

[liquorice)... qi\A Dimorpha. 5. Legume subarticulate, stamens dia-

delphous, of which there are eight genera ; ^!schynomene...Mul-

LERA...HeDYSARUM (saw/ofn)...SMITHIA...CoRONILLA...ORNITHOPUS
(bird's-foot)...ScoR?iuRUS (caterpillar)... and Hippocrepis (horse-

shoe vetch). G. Legume one-celled, many-seeded, diadelphous, of

which there are fifteen genera ; Trigonella (fenugreek)... Gly-

cine... Clitori a... Robint a... Indigofera (indigo)... Cicer (chick

^c'</)...Ervum (/<?«^7)...Liparia...Achyronia...Cytisus...Diphy-

sa...Galega (goat's rue)... Lotus (bird's-foot trcj'oil).,, Medica&o

(medich focm*)...and Geoffroya.

H 2
100 GENERA OF CLASS XVIII. POLYADELPHIA-

CHAP. XXI.

OF THE EIGHTEENTH CLASS, POLY ADELPH I A.

THIS class consists of such plants as bear bisexual flowers, fur-

nished with many sets of united stamina; the flowers have no par-
ticular character farther than is expressed in the title. The or-

ders are four, including eleven genera, viz.

Order I. Decandria, comprehending such plants as have ten

stamina in each set. Of this order there is only one genus, viz.

Theobroma (chocolate).

Order 2. Dodecandria, comprehending such plants as have

tzvebe stamina in each set. Of this order there are two genera,
viz. Bubroma...Abroma.

Order 3. Icosandria, comprehending such plants as have

twenty stamina in each set. Of this order there are tivo genera,
viz. Citrus {orange and lemon). ..md Melaleuca.

Order 4. Polyandria, comprehending such plants as have

many stamina in each set. This order contains six genera, viz.
Hypericum. ,.A»cvhum...Symplocos...Durio..»Glabraria... and
LuHEA.
 OF CLASS XIX. SYNGENESIA. 101

CHAP. XXII.

OF THE NINETEENTH CLASS, SYNGENESIA*.

/
THIS class consists of such plants as bear compound flowers.

We have already paved the way for understanding by

this class,

the account given of compound flowers, in Part I. Chap. XIX.

and the explanation of the titles of the class, and its orders, in

Chap. II. and III. What is farther necessary here, is to give the

characters of the flowers. Compound flowers admit of a double

description, vi z. I . of the whole flower in its aggregate state, which
is termed the jlosculose Jloiver; and, 2. of the Jlosculi, florets, of

which it is composed. We shall begin with the first, which

concerns only the calyx and receptacle, those being the only
parts that are in common.

Characters of the Flosculous Flovccr.

Calyx —The common calyx is a perianthium, which contains

the florets and the receptacle. It is either simple, augmented, or
imbricated f. It contracts when the flowers are fallen, but ex-
pands and turns back when the seeds are ripe.

Receptacle —The common receptacle of the fructification re-

ceives many sessile florets on its disk, which is either concave...

plane... convex...pyramidal... or globose. The surface of the disk

* This class of compound flowers is a natural onp, if we except the last order ;

which, upon the systematic principles assumed, could not be refused an admission into
it. Its plants are commonly hitter and stomachic. Author.
It has, however, been abolished by Dr. Smith, president of the Linnaean Society,
with the approbation of Professor Martyn, and this is admitted by the generality of
botanists. Editor.

f See these terms explained in Part I. Chap. XI-

 102 STRUCTURE OF FLOWERS IN CLASS XIX.
is either naked, without any other inequality than that of being
lightly dotted ;...villosc, covered with upright hairs or palea-
ceous, covered with palea, chaffs, or straws, that are linear, subu-
late, compressed, and erect, and serve to part the florets.

Characters of tlie Florets*.

Calyx — A small perianth ium, often quinquepartite, seated on

the germen, persisting, and becoming the crown of the seed.

Corolla—Monopetalous, with a long and very narrow tube.

It is seat d on the germen; and is either tubulate, with the limb

campanulal ; and quinquefid, and the laciniae spreading and turn-

ing bac .
;
..ligulate, with the limb linear, plane, turned out-
wards, and the top whole; ... trident ate, or quinquedentale, or
wanting, having no limb, and often no tube.

Stamina- -The filaments five, capillary very short, inserted in

the neck of the corollulae. The antherce five, linear erect; and by
the union of then sides forming a cylinder, that is tubulate, quin-
quedentate, and of the length of the limb.

Pistillum —The germen oblong, placed under the receptacle

of the flower; the style filiform, erect, of the length of the sta-

mina, and perforating the cylinder of the antherae ; the stigma

bipartite, the lacinia; revolute, and spreading asunder.

Pgricaumum —No true one, though in some there is a coria-

ceousf C «K*

* The character here given is of a bisexual floret ; but the florets may also be
either male, female, or 7u uter, as the orders show ;
it may not be improper, there-
fore, to observe, in general, upon these classic characters, which our author has
drawn with such minute exactness, that they should be understood as collected only
from the circumstances that most frequently occur in the class and liable to varia- j

tion, not in particular genera only, but even through die whole orders of the class in
some cases. Author.
f Leathery. Editor.
 . ;

GENERA IN CLASS XIX. SYNGENESIA. 103

Seed —A single one, oblong, often tetragonous, but common-

ly narrower at the base. It is either crowned,. ..or with the crown

wanting. The crown is of two kinds, either a pappus,... or a pe-

rianthium :...if a pappus, it is either sessile,.. .or placed on a stipes;

and consists of many radii, that are placed in a round, and are
either simple, ...radiate, ...or ramose : when the crown is a peri-
anthium, it is such as is described above under that head.

The essence of a Jlosculose flower consists in having the anthe-

rae united in a cylinder, and a single seed below the receptacle
of the floret*. The orders of this class are six, containing se-

venty-three genera, viz.

Order 1. Polygamia ^equalis, comprehends such plants as

have compound flowers, of which the florets are all bisexual.
This order contains thirty genera, distinguished into 1. Semiflos-
culosa, with all the corollets ligulate, which contains thirty gene-
ra; Scolymus (qolden thistle)... Cicnonwu (succory, endive)... C a-
,
tananche...Seriola...Hypocr7eius (cat s-ear)...GziiOPOGON (old
mart's beard)... Rothia...Andryala...Triptilion...Tragopogon
(gout's-beard)... Arnopogon... Helmintia...Picris (ox-tongue).,.
Aspargia... Scorzonera... (vipers grass)... Leontodon (dande-
lion)... Crepis (hawk's beard) . .Chonduilla (gum-succory)... Pre-
nanthes... Lactuca (lettuce)... Hieracium (hawk -weed)... Son-
chus (soiv-thistle). ..Zacixtha...'L.\psana (nipple-wort)... Rhaga-
nioLus...KiiiGiA...HYosERis (mine's succory)... Hedypnois (haivk'
^V)...THRfNciA...ToLPis. 2. Capitatt, flowers in a head, all

the corollets tubular; spreading at the tip, contains nineteen genera

Atractylis...Acarna...Serratula (saw-wort)... Garth amus (ba-

stard saffron)... Carlina (carline thistle)... Arctium (burdock)...

* That the essence of a Jlosaduse, or compound flower, does not consist either in
the common calyx or receptacle, Linnesus argues from hence ; that the common calyx

is wanting in echinops, and the common receptacle in miliaria, though both those

genera belong to this class; and that, on the other hand, the common calyx is

found in scaHosa, and the common receptacle in dipsacus, both which plants belong

to the class Tetmndria, though rhey have, with the gomphrena and others, been
falsely ranged with the compound flowers. Author.

\
 aa .

104 GENERA IN CLASS XIX. SYNGENESIA.

Pteroni^... Stob.ca... Lachnospermum...Barnadesia...Cynara

(f/>7/c/>o£e)...JoHA>JNIA...CNICUS...CARDUUS (//«S*/e )...ONOSERIS...
,

Stokesia . . Li atris . . . Vernonia. .Onotordon . [cotton-thistle). S.

Discoidei, all the corollets tubular, erect-parallel, fiattish at the tip,

dense, which contains twenty -four genera ; Stehjeuna...Haynea

...Calea {halbert-weed) . . . Bid ens (bur -marygold) . . .>pilanthes, ..
Anthan asi . .Santo 1 1 n a (lavender-cotton) .. .C^sui.i a.. ,T archo-
nanthus (African yZea/>«we)...KuHNiA...EuPATORiuM (hemp agri-
mony)... Chrysocon a (golden locks)... Milkania...Kleinia...Ca-

calia... Lavenia... Ageratum... Stevia... Hymenopafpus...Ce~

fhalophora...Pentzia...Ethulia...Piq.ueria...Balsamita.

Order 2. Polygamia superflua, comprehends such plants as

have the florets of the disk bisexual, and those of the radius female.

This order contains sixty-one genera, distinguished by, 1. Discoidei,

corollets of the ray obscure or none, which contains ten genera ; Arte-
misia (south .rmvood, wormwood, mugwort)
j
— Carpesium...Tana-
cetum (/«??«/)... Cotula...Baccharis...Conyza (fleabane)... Gsa-

PHALI DM (CMC?iUc;e^)...EL!CHRy>UM...XERANTHEMUM...ANACYCLUS.
2. Semiflosculi, subbil.ibiati, subbilabiate, which includes two
genera ; Denekia...Perdicium. 3. Radiati, corollets of the disk
jloscular, of the ray ligulate, which contains forty-nine genera;
Madia... Bellts (daisy)... Matricaria... Lidbeckia... Chrysan-
themum (ox-eye daisy, corn-murygold) . . .¥x ret hrum (feverfew)...
Columelli . . .Doronicum (leopard's bane)... Arnica... Inula (ele-

campane, fleabane). ..Erigeron (fleabane)... Solid ago (golden rod)

...Cineraria (y?(?rtiyo;^)...SENECio (groundel, rrt«-ico/7)...TussiLAGO
...Aster (stantw/')...BoEBERA... Mutisia... Bellium... Actinea
...Tagetes... Hflenium ... Pectis... Schkuhria... Heterosper-
MUM... BOLTONI A ... LEYSERA ... SeIGESBECKIA. . . EcLlPTRA .. An- .

themis [chamomile).,. Achillea (milfoil)... Tetragonotheca...

Ximenesia...Phaethusa...Georgina... Relhania... Pascalia...
Buphthalmum (ox-eye)... Rhanterium... Sanvitalia...Amellus
...Tridax...Rosenia...Verbesina... Schlechtendaha... Galin-
sogea... Zinnia... Balbisi a... and Starkea.
 . . . i

GENERA IN CLASS XIX. SYNGENESIA. 105

Order 3. Polygamia frustranea, comprehends such plants

as have the florets of the disk bisexual, and those of the radius
neuter. This order contains sixteen genera, all radiate, viz. He-
lianthus C«m^o"o)t?? J....RuDBECKiA.... Coreopsis... .Gorteri a...
,

Osmites... Zgegea...Centaurea*....Sclerocarpus...Didelta....
Mussinia...Lapeyrousia... Berekheva....Tithonia...Galardia
...CosMEA...and Pallusia.

Order 4. Polygamia necessaria, comprehends such plants

as have flowers of the disk male, and those of the radius female.

This order contains twenty-tiLO genera, most of which are radi-

ate, viz. Milleria...Silphii:m...Chrysogonum...Melampodium
. .Calendu la {marygpld) . . Arctotis . .Osteospermum . . .Othon-
na {African jy^ciw£)".Polymnia...Eriocephalus...Filago (cud-
weed)... Micropus... Baltimora... Hippia... Psiadia ... Unxia...
Iva... Wedelia ... Acicarpha ... PartHenium ... Arctotheca...
Tiuxis.

Order 5. Polygamia segregata. This order comprehends

such plants as have many partial florets contained in the common
calyx, which separate and surround the floscula. This order con-
tains sixteen genera; Tetranthus...Rolandra...Nauenburgia...
Calycera ...Noccea...Boopis...Stckbea...CEdera...Brotera...
Echinops (if/oie-//;^/e)...ELEPHANTOPUS (elephant's foot)...~!NAS-

SAUVIA...JUi\GrA...GuNDELIA...Sl H#.RANTHUS...and CrASPEDIA. ,

Order 6. Monogamia, comprehends such plants as have sim-

ple flowers. This order contains seven genera, viz. Strumpfia

... Seriphium ... Corymbium ... Jasione ... Lobelia ^cardinal*

Jloxver)... Viola (violet)... and Lmpatiens (balsam)\.

* The oorollulae of the cnitaurca are all titbulose, but those of the radius differ

from those of the disk, which brings it within the definition of a radiate flower; how-
ever, Linnants, in his description of the centaurea, in the Genera Plantarum, has
not called the corolla radiate, but tubulosa difformis, tuhdose of different forms.
Author.
f The plants of this class are removed, by genera] consent, into the class Pr.N-

tandri*, to which they properly belong. Here they disfigure a class that has the
strong recommendation of being altogether natural. We have preserwd them, how-

ever, here, to illustrate the Sexual System of Linneeus. Esitoh.

 ;

106 OF CLASS XX. GYNANDMA.

CHAP. XXIII.

OF THE TWENTIETH CLASS, GYNANDRIA*.

THIS class consists of such plants as have the stamina growing

either upon the style itself, or upon a receptacle that stretches out

into the form of a style, and supports both the stamina and the
pistillum. The orders are nine, viz.

Order I. DiANDRiA-f, comprehending such plants as have two

stamina. The flowers of this order have a most singular struc-

ture, answering to the following description.

Characters of the Order Diandria, of the Class Gynandria.

The germen is always contort t ; the petals are five ; of which

the two inner ones usually approach, and form a galea \\ ; the
lower lip of which becomes a nectarium, and serves also for a
pistillum and sixth petal. The style grows to the inner margin
of the nectarium, in such a manner as to be, with its stigma, scarce
either of them distinguishable. The filaments are always two,
supporting as many antheraej which are narrower downwards
naked, or without tunic, and divisable, like the pulp of a citrus.

These last are covered by little cells, that are open underneath,
and grow to the inner margin itself of the nectarium. The fruit

* All the flowers of this class have a monstrous appearance, owing to the uncom-
mon sanation of the parts of fructification. Author.
f This order is a natural one, the genera differing only in respect of the necta-

rium. This part Linnmis considers as a mark of distinction for these genera, far
preferable to the root, though not received as such by former botanists. Author.
J Twisted like a screw. Edito*.
I) Helmet. Editor.
 GENERA IN CLASS XX. GYNANDRIA. 107

is a capsule, that is unilocular, trivalved, and splits in the an-

gles under the carinate* ribs. The seeds are scobiform|-, nu-
merous, affixed to a linear receptacle in each valvule t.

Order 1. Diandria, comprehending such plants as have two

stamina. This order contains eleven genera, viz. Orchis... Sa-
tyrium...Ophrys...Serapias...Limodorum..,Arethusa...Cypri-
PEDIUM...EpiDENDRUM...GuNNERA...F0RSTERA...and DlSA.

Order 2. Triandria, comprehending such plants as have three

stamina. This order contains four genera, viz. Sisyrinchium
. ..Ferrari a... Stilago... and Salacia.

Order 3. Tetrandria, comprehending such plants as have

four stamina. Of this order there is but one genus, viz. Ne-
penthes.

Order 4. Pentandria, comprehending such plants as have five

stamina. This order contains three genera, viz. Passiflora...
GLUTA...and Ayenia.

Order 5. Hexandria, comprehending such plants as have six

stamina. This order contains two genera, viz. Aristolochia

...and Pistia.

Order 6. Octandria, comprehending such plants as have eight

stamina. Of this order there is only one genus, viz. Scopolia.

Order 7. Decandria, comprehending such plants as have ten

stamina. Of this order there are but tivo genera, viz. Helic-
TEREs...and Kleinhovia.

Order 8. Dodecandria, comprehending such plants as have

twelve stamina. This order contains but one genus, viz. Cytinus.

* Kri.l-shapcd. Editor.
-f-
Like filings or saw-dust; i.e. very smalL Editor.
% For figures illustrative of these plants, vide Dector Thornton's Practical Bota-
ny, vol. 1.
108 GENERA IN CLASS XX. GYNANDRIA.

Order 9. Polyandria, comprehending such plants as have

many stamina. This order contains eight genera, viz. Grevvia...
Xylopia... Arum... Dracontium... Calla... Pothos...Ambrosi-
NiA...and Zostera.

Or, in another view of the Sexual System, as improved by

Wildenow, this class contains four orders, which embrace thir-

ty-three genera.

Order 1. Monandria, comprehends such plants of this class

shave only one stamen, which contains twenty-six genera, which

branch out into two divisions : 1 . Orchide/e, with spurs, con-
taining six genera; Orchis... Habexaria... Boxatea...Limodo-
RUM...DiSA...and Satyrium. 2. Orchideje, without spurs, con-
taining twenty genera; Pterygodium... Disperis ... Corycium...
Ophrys...Serapias (/«e/Zeiorme)...NEOTTiA...CRANiCHis...THELY-
mitra...Diuris...Arethusa...Epipactis...Malaxis...Cymbidium
. ..Oxcidium...Epidendrum... Vanilla... Aerides... Dexdrobium
...STELis...and Lepanthes.

Order 2. Diaxdria, comprehends plants with two stamina, in-

cluding four orders ; Cypripedium {ladies' slipper)... Sty li-diwm...

Fo rstera . . . and Gunnera.

Order 3. Triandria, comprehends plants with three stamens,

including two genera; SALACiA...and Rhopium.

Order 4. Hexandria, comprehends plants having six stamens,

and has only one genus, Aristolochia [birthwort).

 OF CLASS XXI. MONCECIA. 109

CHAP. XXIV.

OF THE TWENTY-FIRST CLASS, MONCECIA.

THIS class consists of such plants as have no bisexual flowers,

but bear both male and female flowers on the same plant*. The
orders of this class are eleven, containing a hundred and twenty-
six genera, viz.

Order 1. Monandria, comprehends such plants as have their

male flowers furnished with one stamen. This order contain*

eleven genera, viz. Zanichelua...Ceratocarpus...Cynomorhjm
...ELATERiuM...CHARA...iEGOPr«icoN...ARTOCARPUS (bread-fruit)
...Nipa...Casuarina...Phyllachne...Caulinia.

Order 2. Diandria, comprehends such plants as hare their

male flowers furnished with tivo stamina. This order contains
three genera, viz. Lemna (c/«cA-i:-a'cf)...ANGURiA...PoDOSTE>njM.

Order 3. Triandria, comprehends such plants as have their

male flowers furnished with three stamina. This order contains
sixteen genera, viz. Typha (cat's tail, or reed wiace). ..Spargani-

IM (bur-reed). ..Zea (mays, or Indian c'07'm)...Coix (Job's tears)...

TlUPSACUM... OLYRA... CAREX (.sa/l,a')...AxYRlS...TRAGIA... IIeu-

xandia...Zeugites...Kobresia...Scleria...Eriocaulon...Comv-
roNiA...and Acharia.

Order 4-. Tetrandria, comprehends such plants as have their

male flowers furnished with four stamina. This order contains
sixteen genera, viz. Buxus (box)... Urtic a (nettle)... Morus (mul-

berry)... Cicca... Serpicula... Littorei.la...A!;cuba... Dions...

• These are the amlroijvnous plants". See Part I. Chan, XXI.

 . . . .

1 io GENERA IN CLASS XXI. MONCECIA.

BoEMERIA...PrOCRIS...TrICERA... PaCHYSANDRA.. .EmPLELRUM, »

Alnus (alder) ...NAJAS...and Argythamnia.

Order 5. Pentandria, comprehends such plants as have the

male flowers furnished with five stamina. This order contains ten
genera, viz. Xanthium... Ambrosia. ..Amaranthus... Nepheli-
um... Clibadium... Crotonopsis... Polychroa... Luffa...Fran-
SERiA...and Schisandra.

Order 6. Hexandria, comprehends such plants as have then

male flowers furnished with six stamina. Of this order there are

nine genera, viz. Zizania...Pharus...Sagus (sago)... Cocos ( CO-

COrt). ..ELATE. ..BACTRIS... GuETTARDA. . . EPIBATERIUM. .and Po-

.

METIA.

Order 7. Polyandria, comprehends such plants as have their

male flowers furnished with many stamina. This order contains
twenty-six genera, viz. Ceratophyllum (//or/mw<)...MYRiopHYL-
lum {water-milfoil). . .Sagittari a (ari'oiv-head) ..Begonia . .The--,

ligonum... Poterium (burnet)... Quercus (oak) ... J uglans [wal-

nut):.. Fagus (beech) ... Custanea (chestnut)... Corylus (hazel)..,

Cartinus (hornbeam).... Betula (birch)... Platanus (plane-tree)

...Arum*...Caladium...Thoa...Salisburia (maiden-hair tree)..,

Hedyosmum...Acidoton... Mabea... Pariana... Garcia... Ma-

nicari a . . Caryota . . . and Li uu id amb ar.

Order 8. Monadelphia, comprehends such plants as have their

male, flowers furnished with one set of united stamina. This order
contains tivenly-stven genera, viz. 1 1 uha (sand-box tree)... Pinus
(pine, fir, fore//). ..Cupressus (cypress)... Thuja (arbor vita:)... Aca-

aypha...Dalechampia...Plukenetia...Cufania... Croton (tal-

/o;:-fm )...KiciNus
>

(palma Christi)... Jatropha (physic -nut)...

SteRCULIA...IIiPI'OMANE (wfl;ic7/mfe/-^t(')...STILLINGIA...GNETUM
...Cytinus...Bradleya...Nissa...Areca (cabbagc-lree)...GLimio-

* This was contained formerly in the class Gynandriu, but was altered by WiJ-
denow, and others, into this class. Editor.
 ;

OF CLASS XXII. DKECIA. 11!

ma...Phyllanthus...Agyneia...Epistylium...Siphokia...Sapi-
UMt..OMPHALEA...HECATEA... Aleuritis. ..and Myranthus.

Order 9. Syngenesia, comprehends such plants as have

their male flowers furnished with stamina, of which the anthers
are united. This order contains six genera, viz. Tkicholanthes
(s««&e-£o«rf/).,.MoivioRDiCA (squirting cucumbet )...Cucumis (cu-
cumber, ?«e/o«)... Cucurbit a (gourd, pompion). ..CicYos...and Bry-
onia (bryony)*.

Order 10. Gynandria, comprehending such plants as have

their male flowers furnished with stamina that grow out of a
kind of style, or imperfect pistillum, the perfect one being in the
female flower. This order contains two genera, viz. Andrachnk
and Hyplydra.

CHAP. XXV.

OF THE TWENTY-SECOND CLASS, DKECIA.

THIS class consists of such plants as have no bisexual flowers,

but bear male and female flowers on distinct plantsf. The orders

of this class are fourteen, containing one hundred and elezen ge-

nera, viz.

* These genera all melt into the order Monadelphia, according to Wildenow, the
Syngenesia being by him confined to compound flowers. They are here preserved

distincr, as an illustration of the Sexual System. Editor.

f There are many plants which have male and female flowers on distinct plants

but which are not admitted to this class, because this circumstance happens to one
species only, and not to the whole genus. Instances of this arc met with in Morns,
Urtica, Launis, Croton, Rumex, Silene, Carex, Rhus, Valeria, Rkamnus, and
Cucubuliis. But it is observable, that in the plairtB that stand uuder the first di-
112 GENERA IN CLASS XXII. DICECIA.

Order I. Monandria, comprehends such plants as have their

male flowers furnished with one stamen. This order contains se-
ven genera, viz. Pandanus...Phucagrosxis...Monimia...Asca-
eina...Didymeles...Dahlia...Phelyp«;a.

Order 2. Diandrja, comprehends such plants as have their

male flowers furnished with two stamina. This order contains
five genera, viz. Vallisneria...Salix {willow, sallow, osier)...

CECROPIA...CERATIOLA...aild BORYA.

Order 3. Triandria, comprehends such plants as have their

male flowers furnished with three stamina. This order contains
ten genera, viz. Empetrum...Osyris...Caturus...Resti.o...iVIaba
...Phcf.nix (date palm),.. Heiayingia...Stilago...Willdenovia,

and Elegia.

Order 4. Tetrandria, comprehending such plants as have

their male flowers furnished with four stamina. This order con-
tains thirteen genera, viz. Visclm (missehoc) ... Hippophae (sea

buckthorn) ...Myrica...Trophis...Batis ...Montinia...Brucea...

Sch<efferia...Cavanilla... Nagei a. . . Anthrosperm cm .Kcele- . .

RA...and Broussonetia.

Order 5. Pentandria, comprehends such plants as have their

male flowers furnished with five stamina. This order contains se-
venteen genera, viz. Pistacia ... Zanthoxylum... Astronium...
Iresine... Antidesma... Spinacia (spinach)... Acain\... Canna-
bis (hemp). ..Humulus (hop)... Zanonia... Feuillea...Canarium
...Picramnia...Securinega...Acnida...Fluggea, and Melicy-
tus.

Order rj. Hexandria, comprehends such plants as have their

male flowers furnished with six stamina. This order contains ten

stinction, in the order Monopynia, of the class Paitandria, which are the Asperifn-
liaOough-leaved plunlsj of Ray, and also in the plants of the classes Didynamia,
Tehadynawia, and Diadclphia, there have not been found any species where the
sexes are on distinct plants : this may be accounted for from the structure of the
flowers in Uiosc classes. Author.
 GENERA IN CLASS XXII. DICECIA. 113

genera, viz.Tamus (black bryony root) ... Smilax ... Rajania...

Dioscorea... Braunia ...Ferreola... Cham.'edohea... Mauritia
...BoRAssus...and Elais.

Order 7. Octandria, comprehends such plants as have their

male flowers furnished with eight stamina. This order contains
five genera, viz. Populus (/>o/)/flr)...RHODioLA (rose-root)... M a-
garitari a... Commiphora. ..Hermesi a.

Orders. Enneandria, comprehends such plants as have their

male flowers furnished with nine stamina. This order contains

three genera, viz. Mercorialis (mercury)... Hydrocharis ...Tri-
flaris.

Order 9. Decandria, comprehends such plants as have their

male flowers furnished with ten stamina. This order contains five
genera, viz. Carica (papaw tree) ...Kiggelaria... Coriaria...
Schinus...Gymnocladus.
/

Order 10. Dodecandria, comprehends such plants as have

their male flowers furnished with twelve stamina. This order
contains five genera, viz. Menispermum...Datisca...Euclea...
Stratiotes . . .and Toxicodendron.

Order 11. Icosandria, comprehends such plants as have their

male flowers furnished with many stamina inserted into the calyx.
Of this order there are four genera, viz. Flacourtia...Rott-
LERA...G-ELONIUM...and Hedicarya.

Order 12. Polyandria, comprehends such plants as have their

male flowers furnished with many stamina. Of this order there

are nine genera, viz. Cliffortia ...Perula... Trewia...Xylos-

ma... Hisingera... Emeryopteris... Hamadryas... Cycas.,. Za-
MIA.

Order 13. Monadelphia, comprehending such plants as have

their male flowers furnished with one set of united stamina. This
wrder contains sixteen genera, viz. Taxus (yew tree).,,JvNivEnvsi

I
114 GENERA IN CLASS XXIII. POLYGAMIA.

(juniper, cedar, saving.. Ephedra (shrubby horse-tail)... Cissampe-

los... Nap;ea...Adelia...Araucaria... Exccecaria ... IIorsfiel-

dia...Myristica (nutmeg- tree)....Dryandra... Batsia.-.Latania

...LoUREIRA...ZANTHE...ALCHORNEA...and NePENTES.

Order 14. Syngenesia, comprehends such plants as have their

male flowers furnished with stamina, of which the anthercc are
united. Of this order there is but one genus, viz. Ruscws (but'

cher's-broom)*.

Order 15. Gynandria, comprehends such plants as have their

male flowers furnished with stamina that grow out of a kind of
style, or imperfect pistillum, the perfect one being in the female
flower. Of this order there is but one genus, viz. Cluytia.

CHAP. XXVI.

OF THE TWENTY-THIRD CLASS, POLYGAMIA.

THIS class consists of such plants as bear bisexual flow-

ers ; and also either male or female flowers, or both. The orders
of this class are three, containing fifty-four genera, viz.

Order Moncecia, comprehends such plants as have the po-

I .

lygamy on the same plant. This order contains forty-five genera,

viz. Musa (plantain tree, and banana tree)... Holcus (soft grass, J,?-

dian wjz7/^)...Tetrapogon...Antheropogon... j.'Egopogon...Elyo-

nurus...Isch^:mum.../Egii.ops...Chi.oris...Andropogon...Coi,la-

* This, by WUdeiWWj is inserted in the class M(>aadebh& Esvr«%.

 GENERA IN CLASS XXIII. POLYGAMIA. 115

i>oa....Apluda....Anthistiria....Vala.n tia....Planera....Dit>y-
mand a.»..Castela....Ophioxylon — Coprosma...Celtis {nettle-

free)....KERNEUA....VEBATRuM (white hellebore) ... Martinezia...

Ceroxylon ....Trattinnickia Stalagmitis Gyudcarpus...
AlLANTHUS..,GlMBERNATIA....GoUANIA (
cllCLlV -St ick )...BuiEDELIA

...ScHRANKIA...DESMANTHi;S...ACACIA...lNGA...iVIlM'/SA (sensitive
and humble plant)... ^.wvaxml.. Heritiera. ...Hypei.ate... Ter-
minals.... Clusi a... Ferom a... Herm as... Parietari a (peliitorj/)

...and Atriplex (orache).

Order 2. Dicecia, comprehends such plants as have the poly-

gamy on two distinct plants. This ordrr contains twenty-eight
genera, viz. Panax (ginseng).*. Diospyros (date plum)... Chry-
SlTRlX...Sp[NlFEX...El.EPH\NTUSA...NuNNEZIA...vjHAMiEKOPS [fan
J5«/:.';)...Breynia...Pennantia...Stilbe...Nyssa...Hamiltonia...
Laurophyllus...Fraxinus (ash tree)... Richeuia... Isquierda...
Blrsera... Griselinia ... Hydnocarpus... Arctopus....Gledit-
SCHIA (Mree-MorHe^«f«aV/)...ScHLEICHERA...BKOSIMUM...CABAL-
leria...Lardizabala... Smegmaria... Kageneckia ...and Cera-
tonia (carob tree).

Order 3. Tricecia, comprehending such plants as have the

polygamy on three distinct plants. This order contains one genii*
viz. Ficus* (the fig-tree).

* To understand this order, the singular manner of the fructification must be ex-
plained. The fruit of the Fiais is not a pericurpium, but a receptacle, the interior
sides of which support the flowers, which by this means are enclosed within it.

These flowers in the cultivated fig-trees are female only, but there is a sort known
by the name of Capnficus., that has male flowers, and another again called Erinosyce,
which is androgynous, having l»oth male and female flowers distinct, though lodged

ttithia the same receptacle. Here then we have the Triwcious polvgamv explained;
and if the descriptions of de la Hire may be trusted, there are figs that contain
Hsexual flowers ; which give us even a fourth habitation for the sexes. 1 bus
much suffices to explain the order; but there is, an ol jection naturally arising from
hence to the doctrine of the sexes ; the obviating which, will furnish the opportunity
of a necessary remark. It will be asked, how it happens that the fruit of our fig-

trees ripen, if the plants are of one sex only, and have no assistance from the
male? The answer is this: the fruit is in all cases to be distinguished from the
iM-d contained witliin it : jf the mule be wanting, the seed will not vegetate wliea
 115 OF CLASS XXIV. CRYPTOGAMIA.

CHAP. XXVII.

OF THE TWENTY-FOURTH CLASS, CRYPTOGAMIA*,

THIS class consists of such plants as conceal their fructification,

having their flowers either within the fruit, or so smalt, as not to
be perceptible to the naked eye. The fructification in these i&
also of an uncommon structure. The orders are four, contain-
ing seventy-eight genera, viz.

Order 1. Filioes, ferns, comprehending such plants as are

dorsiferousf. What is known of the fructification of these plants,

amounts only to the few characters following :

Characters of the FiHces.

Calyx —A squama growing out 'of the leaf, opening on one of

its sides ; and under which there are pedunculate globules ; each

sown, but the fruit may nevertheless swell, and come to an appearance of perfection;
and so it is observed to do in the instance in question, and in many others, espe-
cially where the fruit is formed of one of the parts less connected n hh the seed •
as
ealyx, receptacle, &c. though it is more common for it to drop ©ff before it ripens,
if not fecundated by the male. Author.
* The plants of this class are often of a dangerous quality.

f Bearing the fruit on the back of the leaf. These have been called also epi-
phjllospermous, a Greek compound expressive of the same circumstance; capillary,
as being esteemed good for the hair and acaides, without stems for in these plants,
;
;

what rises out of the ground is plainly a leaf only; one of the characters of a stem
or trunk is, to be alike on every side; but in the stalks of ferns, there is manifestly a
front and back, the former being flat aiid channelled, and the convex
latter ; which
shows them to be leaves. Avthor,
 . . .

GENERA IN CLASS XXIV. CRYPTOGAM IA. 117

globule is girt with an elastic ring, which breaks elastically, and

sheds a dust, which are the seeds.

This order contains thirty-one genera, arranging under two

heads : 1 . Annular ; i. e. having the capsules girt with an elastic
ring, contrary to the valves, contains nineteen genera, which are
as follows, viz. Acrosticum...Pteuis (&toA«)..,Blechnum...He-
MiONiuis...LoNCHiTis...AspLENit'M (spleenwort) . .Polypod'i UM . .

AoiANTUM... . TrICHOMANES DaREA. .ScOLOPENDRUM

. (hart's

tongue) ... Woodward i a ... Lihdsjsa ... Vittaria ... Davallia... -

Dicksonia ... Cvathea ... Hymenophyllum. . .and ScHrzJSA. 2.

Exaunular, capsules without rings, Gleichenia...Marattia...Da-

njea...Eq.uisetum (//07-st'-/fli7)...OpHioGLOssuM (adder's tongue)...
Osmunda (moon-wort)... Lycopodium (club-moss) ... Porella...
SALVINIA...MARSILEA...PlLULARIA...and IsOETES (qU-Ul-WOrt).

Order 2. Musci, mosses. The character of the plants com-

prehended under this title are, anthera? without filaments ; the
female flowers distinct, and without any pistillum ; and the
seeds, consisting only of a naked corculum, without cotyledon
or tunic. The genera of this orderdiave been distinguished by
Linnctus, according to the following circumstance, viz. The an-
thera?, ivith or without a calyptra*, placed on the same plant as
the female floret, or on a distinct one ; and the female aggregate*
or single. The order contains tv:enty-two genera ; 1. With no "pe-

ristome, three genera... Phascum (earth-moss).. .Sphagnum (bog-

?/«>«)... Gymnostomum (beardless moss). 2. With a simple peri-

stome, which contains nine genera... Tetrapms (four-toothed ?noss)
...Andrjea...Splachmum (gland m/oss). ..Encalypta (extinguisher
?moss)...?teuogonium (wing moss). .Grimmi a. .Dicran um (fork .

moss). ..Trichostomum (fringe ?noss)... Tortvla (screw moss). 'J.

With a double peristome, which contains ten genera... Orthotri-

chum (bristle ?noss). ..Neckera...Funaria (cord moss)... TSuxbau-

mia...Bartramia.,.Mnium (spring ?hoss)... Brylm (thread ?noss)

* A veiL

/
118 GENERA IN CLASS XXIV. CRYPTOGAMIA.

...Hypnum {feather moss)... Fontinalis {water ?noss)... and Poly-

trichum {hair moss).

Order 3. Hepatic^*, which comprehends six genera.. Mar-

chantia...Jungermannia. .Targionia..;Anthroceros... Blasia
1

...and Riccia.

Order 4. Alg*, flugs- The plants comprehended under this

order have their root, stem, and leaf, all in one. The cha-
racters of the fructification of this order are not yet known, ex-
cepting the few descriptions given by Mickdius. The genera
are six, viz. Lichen (£<x'er-zuo>'0'"TREMELLA...Fucus...ULVA...
Conferva... and Byssus.

Order 5. Fungi, mushrooms. The genera of this order are

given by Linnotus, after the method of Dillcnius. The fructifi-

cation being imperfectly known, no character can be assigned

for this order, farther than the title, which is familiar to every
one. The genera are twelve; 1. Capped, four genera, viz. Aga-
ricus. .. Boletus. ..Hydnum... Phallus. 2. Without a cap, eight
genera... Clathrus...IIel vella...Pez'iza... Clavaria... Lycoper-
DON...MucoR...OcTospoRA...and Spjeria.

* These were formerly blended with the algae, but have sir.ee been separated bj
the learned president of the Linnnean Society, Dr. Smith. Editor.
•f-
Linrueus tells us, he preferred the method of Dillcnius for the fungi to that

cSMtchelius; because it was plain to everyone; whereas that otMicheiini, though

that author has thrown great light upon this tribe, required too nice an inspection.
Author.
 APPENDIX— PALMS. 119

CHAP. XXVIII.

OF THE APPENDIX.

BESIDES the twenty-four classes explained in the preceding

chapters, Limueus has in his Genera Plantarum given an Appen-
dix, which in the Ordo Generum, prefixed to that work, he calls
the twenty-fifth class*. It contains only one order, viz.

Palm.£, comprehending such plants as haye a spudix and spa-

tha. This order contains nine genera, viz. Cham./erops...Bo-
kassus...Corypha...Cocos... Phcenix... Elais...Areca.... Elate
...and CARYOTAf.

* Lmmeiis, in the first edition of his Genera Plant arum, made two orders in h'13

Appendix, whicli, in the last edition of the Systema Natures, he has reduced to one,
finding, after more mature examination, all the plants in his second order fell natu-
Tally under the other classes and orders, to which they properly belonged.

•f-
These have become now better understood, and have been incorporated by Wil-
denow, Dr. Smith, and other able botanists, into their respective classes. Editor.
120 GENERIC DISTINCTIONS.

CHAP. XXIX.

OF GENERIC DISTINCTIONS.

HAVING now gone through the explanation of the Classes

and Orders of the system, we come to the distinctions of the
Genera. Tllese, by the theory of the Sexual System, are to be

regulated by the fructification only. The parts of fructification

known to the earlier botanists were few, and might be well

thought insufficient for distinguishing the vegetable productions
of nature : they therefore had recourse to the habit of plants,
and other circumstances ; and by this means a great number of
genera were established, which the new system is obliged to re-
ject. Of these we shall give the reader an ample list of in-
stances in Chap. XXXI.
The fructification being admitted as the only foundation of the
generic distinction?, all vegetables that agree in their parts of
fructification are to be put together under one genus ; and all

such as differ in those parts, are to be divided. The character-

istic mark of each genus is to be fixed from the number, figure,
proportion, and situation, of all the parts : but as there are few
genera wherein all the parts are constant in every one of the spe-
cies, we ought, wherever it is possible, to fix upon some one sin-
gle circumstance that is constant, and make it the essential cha-
racter. This in most genera may be had : thus the essence of
Prunella, Torenja, Euphrasia, Alyssum, and Crambe, lies
in the denticles of the stamina that of Curcuma, Chelone, Big-
noma, and Martynia, in a mutilated stamen ;...the Ranunculus
is distinguished by its nectarium, which is a pore in the claws of
its petals ;...IIydrofhyllum by the same part, which in that ge-
nus is a closed chink in the lacinia; of the corolla j... and H,elle-
 GENERIC DISTINCTIONS. 121

borus and Nigella also, by their tubulose nee t aria ;...in Pan-
cratium the stamina are inserted in the nectariam, which distin-

guishes it from Narcissus in Hyoscyamus, there is a covering

to the capsules, by which it is known from Physahs ;...the Re-
seda has always a lateral nectarium, but varies in its corolla and
pistillum the Campanula has a quinquevalved nectarium, but
is inconstant in the corolla and capsule and lastly, the Ims has
a stigma of singular construction, but varies in the beard of its

corolla.

There is, however, no one part of fructification that can be re-

lied on as a constant characteristic mark for all genera ; it r*eing

found, that the part which is constant in some genera, will be

inconstant in others: thus in Carica the flowers of the male
plant are monopetalous, and those of the female pentapetulous
in Myrica some species have naked seods, others berries ;.. An
Fraxin-us some have a nciked Jlozver, and others a corolla ;...in
Geranium some have regular corolla;, and others irregular in

Linum s»me are pentapetulous, others tetrapetalous ;...in Aconi-

tum some are tricapsular, and others quinquecapsular ;.. .and in

Trifolium some axe monopetalous, others polj/petalous ; some ?no-

nospennous, and others polysptrmous.

This inconstancy of particular parts in many genera has been

another source of error amongst the earlier botanists, who have
parted many plants from their congeners on this account. Of
these mistakes we shall give an ample list in Chap. XXXII.
When the characteristic mark of any genus is wanting in any
particular species, we should proceed with caution, lest we con-
found genera that should be distinguished : for want of this cau-
tion the Erica and Andromeda had been joined, but were part-
ed afterwards on account of the two horns in the anthcra of the
Erica the Adonis had been joined to the Ranunculus, but
was parted from it again, on observing that it wanted the nectari-
ferous pore;. ..and the Aloe and Agave had been blended, till

it was observed that in the latter the stamina were inserted in the

corolla, and not in the receptacle.

When the characteristic mark of any genus is observed in

122 TRUE FORMATION OF THE GENERA.
some species of another genus near of kin to it, a like caution is

again necessary on the other hand, lest we should multiply the

genera, by parting species that should stand together: thus we
find, that in Sedum, Sempervivcm, Rhodiola, Crassula, Til-
iha, and Cotyledon, the nectaria adhere to the base of the pi-
Rtillum ;...in Epilobium and Oenothera the calyx is tubulose
in Mespilus, Cratsgus, and Sorbus, the structure of the flower
is alike ;...and in both Alnus and Betula, there are three florets
on the foliole of the amentum*.

CHAP. XXX.

By what Parts of Fructification the Genus may with

the most Certainty be determined.

THE more constant any part of the fructification is found

through the several species of any genus, the more it may be
relied on with certainty, as a characteristic mark for that genus.
Thus in Hypecolm the nectariuvi is constant, but not the siliqua ;
...the Con valla ri a is constant in its spotted berry, but not in its
cor oila the Lobelia in its corolla, but not in its fruit ;...the
Cassia in its corolla, but not in its siliqua ;...and the Verbena
in its calyx and corolla, but not in its stamina and seeds.

In some genera one part of the fructification is found to be the

most constant, and in others another j but there is no part that

* The alniti and Ikttfla are joined by Linneeus under the title of Betula. The
he has kept separate, notwithstanding the doubt raised hcr»
/est of these instances

concerning the propriety of distinguishing them. Author.

 ;

TRUE FORMATION OF THE GENERA. 123

is not liable sometimes to a variation. Thus we find the pericar-

pintn variable in Impatiens, Campanula, Primula, Papaver,
Cistus, Fumaria, and Arbutus the calyx in Nymph.ea,
and
Cornus; the corolla in Vaccinium, Convallaria, Andromeda,
Gentiana, and Linum ;...and the seeds in Ranunculus, and
Alisma.
If ^he flowers agree, but the fruits differ, the genus ought not
to be parted. Thus in those extensive genera, the Cassia, He-
DYSarum, Sophora, Layatf.rx, Hibiscus, and Mimosa, so great
a number of species have been ranged under the same genus, on
account of the conformity in the flowers, though there is a varia-
tion in the fruit.

That the figure of the flowers is more certain than that of the
fruit, appear* from many examples ; as from Campanula, Pri-
mula, Antirrhinum, Alisma, Hibiscus, Cistus, &c. ; but the
proportion of the parts is subject to very great variation.

The number of the parts is more liable to variation than their

figure, and is found sometimes to vary even upon the same plant
as inRut a, Chrysosplenium, Monotropa, Tetuagonia, Euo-
nymus, Philadelphus, and Adoxa, in the flowers of all which
the number of the parts varies from five to four. In these doubt-

ful cases, the natural number must be collected from the prima-
ry flower ; but in the variations of the number of the parts, there
is a proportional affinity worth remarking. Jn flowers the sta-
mina usually vary from ten to eight, and from five to four; the
corolla and calyx from five to four, and the whole flower from
four to three; and the fruit also usually varies from five to three,
and from five to four.

The situation of the parts is the most constant, very rarely

varying in the same genus.

The regularity of the petals is not so much to be depended on
as some former botanists* have thought ; for we see in geranium

the European species have regular corolla?, but the African ones
irregular.

* Riui/ius in particular. Althoh.

 12* TRUE FORMATION OF THE GENERA.
The nectar ium nature has made of the greatest consequence.
This part, which had not even a name, till Linnams had distin-
guished it, is a decisive mark in all the following genera, Viz.

in Orchis... Satyrium... Monotkopa...Fum aria... Viola... Mal-

PlGHIA...BANNISTERIA...ADi:NANTHERA...CoMMELtNA...L.AURUS...
Helxine... Dictamnus... Zygophyllum... Swertia... Lilium...
Fhitillaria... Hydrophyllum ... Ranunculus ... Hermannia...
Beri;eris...Staphylea...Passiflora... Narcissus... Pancratium
... Mirabilis.... Nerium.... Stapelia....Asclepias... Diosma...
Campanula ... Plumbago .... Hyacinthus ... Rhododendrum...
Cheiranthus... Sinapis... Kiggelaria... Clutia... Aquilegia...
• Nigella... Aconitum...Parnassia...Epimedium...Theobroma...
REiEL>A...GRE\YTA...HELLEBORUS...IsOPYRUM...TROP. EOLUM...and !

Impatiens.
The stamina and calyx, being less subject to luxuriancy, are
far more certain than the petals.

The corolla varies as to its figure in many genera; as in Vac-

cinium... Pyrola... Andromeda... Nicotiina... Menyan thes...
Primula. ..Veronica ... Gentiana... Hyacinthus ... Scabiosa...
and Narcissus. It varies also as to number, being in Ranuncu-
lus pcntapclalous in some species, and polypeialous in others; ...

in Helixborus also, peniapetalous and polypelalous ;...\n Statice,

pentapetalous and monopetalous and in Fumaria, dipetalous and
tclrapetalous;... and the number is also sometimes variable in the
same species ; as is observed in Caiuca, and Jatropha.
The structure of the pericarpium was formerly thought to be
of great consequence in determining the genera ; but there are
examples without number that demonstrate the contrary. There
are a great many genera that have been established on
distinc-
tions in the pericarpium, and that are now rejected of these
;

we shall give an ample list in Chap. XXXIII.

The characters of luxuriant flowers, whether barren* or
?nu-
tilate, cannot be allowed any place in determining the genera;

* Barren flowers are such as have lost the stamina, which

is the case of full

flowers. Mutilate are those that are incomplete, wanting the corolla
or pcriamhiiiM.
 OF REJECTING CERTAIN GENERA. 1 2j

for in full flowers no number of petals can be assigned, and the

stamina are generally wanting, the number of which makes a
part of the generic character ; and in mutilate flowers, as in
some species of Campanula, Ipom.^a, and Ruellia, the corolla
would be excluded from the description, contrary to the nature

of the other species of the genus. But as the calyx*, in full

flowers, is scarce ever altered, it may detect the genus; and the
lowest series of petals in polypetalous corollas remaining the
same in respect to number, the genus may also be often known
by that character ; as in Papaver, Nigella, and Rosa.

CHAP. XXXI.

Or the Genera rejected by the Sexual System, as not

established on the Fructification*

WE have observed, in Chap. XXIX. that the earlier botanists

had admitted many genera, on distinctions that were not ground-

ed on the parts of fructification, but on the habit of plants, and
on other circumstances, which are now considered as specific di-

stinctions only : of these we shall here give an ample list. The

Some systematists have distributed the whole body of vegetables by the differ-

ences of the calyx; and in such systems the full flowers, as our author observes,
are more easily referred to their proper genus than in his own, the calyx not being
subject to luxuriancy. Instances of this arc in hepatka, ranunculus, and alcca.
Author.
We frequently find the calyx also luxuriant, and the lower leaves of the corolla in-
creased in number. Luxuriant plants are easily known, when the single are well un-

derstood, prima facie, and the young student would do well at first to pass these

mm* Editor.
12(5 REJECTED OLD, AND NEW GENERA.

reader will here take notice, that under the first column arc
ranged the genera that are abolished ; and over-agnihst them, in
the second, the genus to which they are severally to be referred*,
with the specific difference that had given occasion to the false
distinction.

Old Genera. New Genera.

Limodorum Orchis, with a fibrose root.

Bistoria Polygonum, with a fleshy root.

Rapa Brassica, with a gibbose root.

Sisarum Sium, with a tuberose root.
Hermodactylus Iris, with a tuberose root.
Sisyrinchium Iris, with a double bulb, one over the other.
Xiphium Iris, with a tunicated bulb.
Lilio Fritillaria Fritillaria, with a squamose bulb.
Mesomora Corn us, with an herbaceous stem.
Anacamseros Sedum, with an erect stem.
Psi/Uum Plantago, with a branching stem.
Bellis Leucanthennmi... Hellis, with a leafy stem.
Pilosella Hieracium, with a naked stem.
Subcr Quercus, with a fungous bark.
Larix ABiEsf, with fasciculate leaves.
Genistella Genista, with jointed leaves.
Potamopithyt AlsinastrumJ, with leaves not starry.
Lupinnstcr Trifolium, with digitate leaves.
Dracimculus Arum, with pedate leaves.

Trichomanes .Asplenium, with pinnate leaves.

* The names am! the generic arrangement of vegetables having undergone many
alterations during the progress of the improvements made in the science, the new

genera, to which these false ones are referred in this and the following lists, do not
all stand tinder the titles given to them in the later editions of the works of Lin-
rueus. Where this happens, we shall explain itby a note choosing that method
;

rather than to alter the lists themselves, which we have taken from the Philosophic
JBotanica. Author.

f Now Pinus. X Now Elatine. Author.

 REJECTED OLD, AND NEW GENERA. 127

Old Genera. New Genera.

Clymenum Lathyrus, with pinnate leaves.

-v ri . . . C Jungermannia, with leaves many times

Museotdes 9
j imbricate.

T x . (Terebinthus*, with no odd roliole to the

Lentlscus
% leaves.

Fabfi Vicia, with leaves that have no cirrhus.

Cytisogenista Spartium, with leaves simple and triple.

Colocasia Arum, with leaves not ear-shaped.

Cirsium Carduus, with leaves without thorns.
Coronopus Cochlearia, with a pinnatitid leaf.

Cornnnpus Plantago, with dentate leaves.

Ilex Quercus, with denticulate leaves.

Scorzoneroides Scorzonera, with dentate leaves.

Angaria Cucurbita, with multifid leaves.

Alceaf Malva, with multifid leaves.

Millefolium Ptarmica, with leaves minutely divided.
Cicuturia Ligusticum, with a cicuta leaf.

Cedrus Juniperus, with a cypress leaf.

Ranunculoides Ranunculus, with capillary leaves.

Alhagi Hedysarum, with simple leaves.

Nissolia Lathyrus, with simple leaves.

Marsile'i Jungermannia, with simple leaves.

Balsamita Tanacetum, with undivided leaves.

Cepa Allium, with fistulous leaves.

Aphaca Lathyrus, with no leaves, but stipulae only.

Mimosa .....AcaciaI, with sensitive leaves.

Oxyoides Oxalis, with sensitive winged leaves.

Aurantium Citrus, with cordate petioles§.
Calamintka Melissa, with branching peduncles||.

* Now Pistacia. Author.

•f Alcea is still the title of a genus, though of a different one ;
being applied t<*

the Malta Rosea, or Hollyhock. Author.

X Mimosa is now the title of the whole genus, including the Acacias. Autuo*.
§ Footstalks of the leaves. Editor.
fl Footstalk* of tlie flowers. Ecitur —
 128 REJECTED OLD, AND NEW GENERA.

Old Genera. New Genera.

Cotinus Rhuss, with woolly peduncles.

Virga Sanguinea Cornus, with a naked cyme.
„ r • ;• C Fritillaria, with a head of leaves <5n the
Corona lmperiahs...
t <
£ racemus.
Stadias Lavandula, with bractese on the spike.
Carex Cyperoides*, with androgynous spikes.
Chama>pithys Teucrium, with sparsed leaves.
Acinos Thymus, with sparsed leaves.

Limonium Statice, with sparsed leaves.

Ckomccdrys ....Teucrium, with verticillate leaves.
Thymbra Satureia, with sparsed leaves.
Volubilis Ipomoea, with flowers in heads.
Polium Teucrium, with cymose flowers.
Castanca Fag us, with flowers in spikes.
C Polygonum, with spiked flowers, and %
P & "J
(_
fibrose root.

Majorana Origanum, with rounder spikes of flowers.

Mains Pvrus, with a distinct face.
Cydonia Pyrus, with a distinct face.

Armeniaca Prunus, with a distinct face.

Cerasus Prunus, with a distinct face.

Lauro-Cerasus Prunus, with a distinct face.

Limoii ....Citrus, with a distinct face.
Napus Brassica, with a distinct face.
Absinthium Artemisia, with the outward face distinct.

Abrotanum Artemisia, with the outward face distinct.

Bellidiastrum Doronicl m, with a distinct habit.

Euphorbia ;..TiTHYMALusf, with the habit not branching.

Usnea Lichen, with the habit capillary.
Coralloides Lichen, with the habit caulescent.
Clavaria Coralloides|, with the habit not branching.

* Carex is now the title of the genus. Author.

f Euphorbia is now the title of the genus.
X Now Clavaria.
 REJECTED OLD, AND NEW GENERA. 129

Old Genera. New Genera.

Tuber Lycoperdon, with a more solid substance.
Elvela ' witft a subst ance smooth on both
Fun<roides . I
\ sides.

Ly coper doides ,. Lycoperdon, with a cellular substance.

Amanita Agaiucus, with the pileus on a stipes.

Phallus J
Boletus, w * tn a v °l va at tne base of the
\ stipes.

Phalhboletus •£
Boletus, w tb' a pileus not closed in the
\ sides.

Boletus, with pores not to be distinguish-

Polyporus ^
Erinaceus Ulex, thick-set with spines.
Thyssclinum Selinum, with a milky juice.

Moly Allium, with a sweet scent.

Acetosa Lapathum*, with an acid taste.

Colocynthis.,, AnguriaI, with a bitter fruit.

CHAP. XXXII.

Of the Genera rejected by the System, as grounded on

the Variations of some Parts only of the Fructifica-
tion.

IT has been observed, in Chap. XXIX., that there are few

genera, wherein all the parts of fructification arc constant in
every species ; and that this inconstancy of particular parts had
been another source of error in former botanists. We shall here

* Now Rumex. f Now Cucumis,

K
130 REJECTED OLD, AND NEW GENERA.
give a list of these mistakes, referring the old genera to the new
titles, in the same manner as we did those in the list given in

the preceding chapter.

Old Genera. New Genera.

ArisarwK Arum, with a hooded spatha.

Asteriscus Buphthalmum, with a starry leafy calyx.

Silybum Carduus, with a thorny calyx.

„_ , , . C Dracocephalum, with the calyx gibbous-
Moldavica
j and bilabiate .
m . .,
. . ("Euphorbia, with the calyx gibbous and
Tuhymaloidcs
| irregular>

Trionum Hibiscus, with an inflated calyx.

Ficaria $ ^ ANUNC1ULUS w '

' tn atriphyllous calyx y and
\ polypetalous.
Iva.., .Teucrium, with a gibbous calyx.
T , . C Marchantia, with the common calyx.
J
Lunulana < c • . i

I quadnnd.
., C Chrysanthemum, with the squamae
*
of the
Leucanthemum < ,

£ calyx narrow.
Cardiaca Leonurus*, with a quinquedentate calyx.
n ,. f Herniaria, with the leaves of the calyx
9
Paronychia j
Pseudo-Diciamnus Meruubium, with a funnel-shaped calyx.
* D j $ ANEMONOiDEsf with , a pentapetalous co-
Anemone-Ranunculus <
xo\\z

Linaria Antirrhinum, with a tailed corolla.

Valerianoides Valeriana, with a tailed corolla.

Bromeha AnanasX, with a tripetalous corolla.

Opuntia .Melocactus,!, with a polypetalous, corolla.

Glacium » Chelidonium, wkh a rosaceous corolla.

* The scarlet leonurus of the Cape is removed to the genus phlonris, on account
of its wanting the sh'u.'n r points on the anthers; but the title leonurus is neverthe-
less applied to the cardiaca.

•f
Now Anemone.
X Bromelia Is now the title of the genu*.

II Now Cactus.
 REJECTED OLD, AND NEW GENERA. 131

Old Genera. New Genera.

Polyvonatum La. Convallium*, with a tubulose corolla.
Centaurium minus Gentiana, with a funnel-shaped corolla.

LUinstrum Hemerocallis, with a hexapetalous corolla.

Borbonia Laurus, with a pentap; ylloideous calyx.

Benjoe Laurus, with an octofid corolla.

Auricula Ursi Primula, with an hypocrateriform corolla.

Triphylloides Trifolium, with a monopetalous corolla.

Oxycoccus Vaccinium, with a tetrapetalous corolla.

Bonarota .....Veronica, with a tubulose corolla.

Zannonia Commelina, with a tripetalous corolla.

Borraginoides Borrago, with an infundibuliform corolla.

tt C Salvia, with a galeate galea, and a con-

Honhimun \
^ cave u 1
beard.

J Salvia, with a falcate galea, and a con-

Sclwea
\ cave beard.

p, } ( CLANDESTiNAf, with a galea of the corolla

rnelypcta
j bjfid<

Murucuja , Passiflora, with an undivided nectarium.

Sherardia% Verbena, with two stamina.
„ „ .
("
Ornithogalum, with stamina that are not
Stdlans
{ flat.

Porrum Allium, with trifid stamina.

Dodoncea ..Ilex, with a trifid flower.

Hypocistis , Asarum, with a quadrifid flower.

Radiola Linum, with a quadrifid flower.

Unifolium Convallaria, with a quadrifid flower.
Bernhardia... ......... ..Croton, with dioecious flowers.
Petasites Tussilago, with fasciculate flowers.
Ananthocyclus Cotula, with flosculose flowers.

Ccratocephalus Bidens, with radiate flowers.

Doria Solidago, with few florets in the radius.

Medium Campanula, with fruit quinquelocular.

* Now Convallaria.
f Now Lathraa,
f Ths title Shtrardia is still in use, but is applied to another ge»u#;

»2
132 REJECTED OLD, AND NEW GENERA.

Old Genera. New Genera.

Speculum Veneris Campanula, with siliquose fruit.

Cornucopioides Valeriana, with an irregular flower.

JJmonioides Statice, with a monopetalous flower.
Viscaria Silene, with a quinqueloeular fruit.

Tetragonolobus Lotus, with an angular fruit.

CHAP. XXXIII.

Of the Genera rejected by the System, as grounded on

a Difference in the Fruit only.

IT has been observed, in Chap. XXX., that a great many ge-

nera had been established on account of differences in the peri-
carpium, but that they have since been abolished. Of these
the following is a list ; in which, as in the preceding lists, it will

appear where they are now ranged.

Old Genera. New Genera.

Clandeslina Anblatum*, with an elastic fruit.

Trolliusf Helleborus, with a multicapsular fruit.

Sesamoides Reseda, with a multicapsular fruit.

Tycopersicon Solanum, with a multicapsular fruit.

Ascyrum%.. Hypericum, with a quinqnecapsular fruit.

Dortmunna Rapuntium§, with a bilocular fruit.

* Now Lathreca.

-f-
Trollius and HclleloTiis are parted again.
% The title Ascyrum is still in use for another genus.

$ Now Lutelic
 REJECTED OLD, AND NEW GENERA. 133

Old Genera. New Genera.

Helianthemum Cistus, with an unilocular fruit.

Androsccmum Hypericum, with an unilocular fruit.

Pavia Esculus, with an unilocular fruit.

Asarina Antirrhinum, with multivalvular fruit.

Elatine $ Antirrhinum, with the fruit bursting on

\ the side.
Nymph^ea, with the fruit perforate at the
Neiumbo f
\ top.
Raphanistrum Raphanus, with articulate fruit.
Cakile Bunias, with articulate fruit.

Ulmaria Filipendula*, with twisted fruit.

Persica Amygdalus, with a succulent fruit.

Cassia Senna-)-, with a succulent fruit.

Ivga Acacia|, with a succulent fruit.

Malvaviscus Hibiscus, with a succulent fruit.

Lobelia Rapuntium§, with a drupaceous fruit.

Pereskia Cactus, with a leafy fruit.

Sabina Juniperus, with a warted fruit.

Bihai MvSAj with a trispermous fruit.

Alaternus Rhamnus, with a trispermous fruit.
Fransnla Rhamnus, with a dispermous fruit.
DracunciiUis Hjemanthus, with monospermous fruit.
Onobrychis... Hedysarum, with monospermous fruit.

Malvinda ....Abutilon||, with a fruit not inflate.

Cysticapnos Fumaria, with an inflate fruit.

Impatiens Balsam ina^J", with an attenuate fruit

* Now Spirma,
-f-
Cassia is now the title of the genus, which includes the cassia fshda, and
many other, species ; but the cassia lignwa of Sumatra, whose bark so nearly re-

sembles that of the cinnamomum, is a laurus, as is the cinnamomvm also ; and th«
two plants are by some supposed to be the same.

X Now Mimosa.
§ Lobelia is now the tide of the genus.

H Now Sida.
•fl
Impatiens is now the title of the genus.
l.H REJECTED OLD, AND NEW GENERA.

Old Genera. New Genera.

Guazuma Cacao*, with a reticulate fro.it.

Paliurus Rhamnus, with a shield-shaped fruit.

Alisma DAMAS0Niui.it, with a fruit not corniculate.

Securidacu\ Corontlla, with faulchion-shaped fruit.

Melo Cucumis, with an ovate fruit.

Melopepo Cucurbita, with a sulcate fruit.

Rapistrum Crambe, with a fruit that does not open.

Radicula Sisymbrium, with a siliculose fruit.

B/utlaria Verbascum, with a rounder fruit.

5 Laurus, with a fruit that is berried on every

persea side.
\
r, CSerianaS, with a fruit that bears seeds at
Lururi •< ...
the top.
\
Bursa Pastoris Thlapsi, with a fruit that has no margin.
Nasturtiui/i Lepidium, with a margin to the fruit.

Valeriunella Valeriana, with a fruit not pappose.

Anemonoides Anemone, with naked seeds.

Eupatariophalacrum ...Verbesina, with naked seeds.

Lcontodontoides Hvoseris, with seeds almost naked.
CCarthamus, with an obsolete crown to the
Aa trac W,ls n
W
j see d s .

Carthamoides Carthamus, with pappose seeds.

Zazintha Laps an a, with pappose seeds.

Alypunt Globularia, with pappose seeds.
Xeranthe?noides Xeranthemum, with a feathered pappus.
Astercropterus Aster, with a feathered pappus.
Acama Cnicus, with a feathered pappus.
Achyrophorus Hypochjeris, with a feathered pappus.
Carlinoides Carlina, with an obsolete pappus.

* Now Theobroma.

f sllisma is now the title of the genus.

t Seruridaca is still a title, but of a different genus.

§ Now Paulliida.
|| Atrachjlis is still a title, but applied to another genus.
 ;

REJECTED OLD, AND NEW GENERA. 135

Old Genera. New Genera.

Vilicclla Clematis, with tailed seeds.
Ni/mphoides... .~ Menyanthes, with an arillus to the seed.

Karatas~. Bromelia, with no arillus to the seed.

Tragopogonoides Tragopogon, with bent seeds.

Tinus Viburnum, with pear-shaped seeds.

Opulus Viburnum, with heart-shaped seeds.

Persicaria Polygonum, with triangular seeds.

Emerus Coronilla, with cylindrical seeds.
Fieniculum ..Anethum, with thick seeds.
Lens.. Cicer, with lens-shaped seeds.
Pepo Cucurbita, with seeds not emarginate.
Falcaria .Sium, with slender seeds.
Cevinthoides Cerinthe, with four distinct seeds.

iBlaria Sherardia, with echinate seeds*.

These changes will be better seen from the annexed Tables.

* Tor ortgiu of the names of the genera, both classical and English, and the
essential and natural generic characters, the reader is referred to Doctor Thornton's
Practical Botany, being a New Illustration of the Genera of Plants ; with a Descrip-
tion, and Plates of Dissections.of each Genus. This book will be found a useful
introduction to that work.

The reader is also referred to another work, entitled The Botanists' Vade Mecum
where all the essential generic characters are given by themselves : a most useful

pocket-companion to -the botanist.

 TABLE I.

CHANGES IN THE NAMES OF GENERA,

ARRANGED IN

ALPHABETICAL ORDER.

Generic Names English Names. Linn;ean

rejected. Genera.
A
Abies, Tourn Eir Pinus.
Abrotanum, Tourn Southernwood Artemisia.
Absinthium, Tourn Wormwood Artemisia.
and Vailh A. G.
Abutilon, Dill. Elth. Indian Mallow Sida.
and Tourn.
Abutilon, Dill. Elth... ..Carolina Mallow Malva.
Acacia, Tourn Mimosa.
Acajou, Tourn Cashew Nut Anacardwm.
Acarna, Vaill. A. G Blessed Thistle Cnicus.
Acetosa, Tourn Sorrel Rumex.
Achyracantha, Dill. Elth Achyranthes.
Achyronia, Royen African Broom Aspalathus.
Achyrophorus, Vail. A.G .Hypochohris.
Acinodendron, Lin American Gooseberry Melastom£.
gen. pi. ed. prim.

Acinos, Dill, gen.., Wild, or Stone Basil Thymus.

 ,

TABLE I. 137

Generic Names English Names. Linn^an

rejected. Genera.
Acnide, Mitch Acnida.
Adhatoda, Tourn Malabar Nut Justicia.
iEgilops, Dili, gen Oat Grass Bromus.
Ageratura, Tourn Erinus.
Agnanthus, Vaill. A.G Cornutia.
Agrimonoides, Tourn... Bastard Agrimony Agrimonia.
Ahouai, Tourn Cerkera.
Alaternus, Tourn False Phyllyrea Rhamnus.
Alcea, Tourn Vervain Mallow Malva.
Alchimilla, Tourn Ladies' Mantle Alchemilla.
Alga, Raj. Ang Grass-wrack Zostera.
Algoides, Vaill. A. G Zannichellia
Alhagi, Tourn French Honeysuckle Hedysarum.
Alkekengi, Tourn Winter Cherry.... Physalis.
Alnus, Tourn Alder Betula.
Aloides, Boer. Lugd Water Soldier Stratiotes.
Alpina, Plum Alpinia.
Alsinastrum, Vaill. B. P Elatine.
Alsine, Tourn Great Chickweed Stellaria.
Alsinella, Dill, gen Sagina.
Alsinoides, Raj Bufonia.
Alsinoides, Vaill. B. P Montia.
Alypum, Niss. A. G....Blue Daisy Globularia.
Alyssoides, Tourn Madwort Alyssum.
Amanita, Dill Agaric Agaricus.
Amaranthi species, Tourn Amaranthus.
Amaranthoides, Tourn... Globe Amaranth Gomphrena.
Amberboi, Vaill Sweet Oriental Cyanus... Centaurea.
called Sweet Sultan.

Amethystina, Amman Am ethystea.

and Hall.
Ammoides, Boerh Bishop's Weed Ammi.
Ampana, Hort. Mai Malabar Palm (male) Borassus.

Anacampseros, Tourn. .Orpine • Sedum.

158 TABLE 1.

Generic Names English Names. Linnjea.v

rejected. Genera.

Anacampseros, Lin EvergreenAfrican Purslane Portolaca.

gen. pi. ed. prim.

Anagallidastrum, Mich Centunculus.

Ananas, Tourn Pine Apple Bromelia.
Ananthocyclos, Vaill Cotula.
A.G. and Dill. Elth.
Anapodophyllum, Duck's-foot, or May Apple Podophyllum
Tourn.
Andrbsaemum, Tourn.... Tutsan, or Park Leaves. ...Hypericum.
Anemone ranunculus,... Wind Flower .....Anemone.
Dill. gen.

Anemonoides, Dill. gen. ..Wood Anemone Anemone.

and Vaill. A. G.
Anemonospermos, Com Arctotis.
Hort. Amst.
Angiopteris, Mitch Onoclea.
Anguina, Treiv Water Dragons Calla.
Anguina, Mich Serpent Cucumber Trichosan-
thes.
Anguria, Tourn Water Melon Cucurbita.
Anonis, Tourn Rest-harrow Ononis.
Anonymos, Gron. virg Chelone.
Antanisophyllum, Vaill. Hog-weed Boerhaavia.
A. G.
Anthyllis, Magn. char Cressa.
Aparine, Tourn Clivers, or Goose Grass... .Galium.
Aph aca, Tourn....,, Yellow Vetchling ..Lathyrus.
Aphyllon, Mich Single-flowered Broom... Orobanche.
Rape.
Apios, Bocrh Knobbed-roofced Liquor-..GLYciNE,
ice Vetch.

Apocynum, Tourn Dog's Bane Asclbpias.

Aponogeton, Pont. Anth. Triple-headed Pond-weed Zanichellia.
Aquifolium, Tourn Holly I LEX .
 TABLE I. I3y

Generic Names English Names. Linn.ean

rejected. Genera.
Arachidna, Plumb .Ground Nut Arachis.
Arachidnoides, Niss Ground Nut Arachis.
A. G.
Araliastrum, Vaill Ginseng Panax.
Arapabaca, Plumb Worm Grass Spigelia.
Arctotheca, Vaill. A. G Arctotis.
Arisarum, Tourn Friar's Cowl Arum.
Armeniaca, Tourn Apricot Prunus.
Aronia, Mitch Floating Arum Orontium.
Aruncus, Lin. gen. ^/...Greater Meadow-sweet. ...Spirjea.
ed. prim.

Asarina, Tourn Snap-dragon, withGround Antirrhinum

Ivy Leaves.
Ascyrum, Tourn St. Peter's Wort, with. ...Hypericum.
great Flowers.
Aspergillus, Mich Byssus.
Asteriscus, Dill. Elt h... Bastard Chrysanthemum.. .Silphium.
Asteri.scus,7Wrn. Vaill. ..Ox Eye Buphthalmum
A. G. and Dill. Elth.
Asterocephalus, Vaill... Scabious Scabiosa.
A. G.
Asteroides, Tourn Ox Eye Buphthalmum
and Vaill. A. G.
Asteropterus, Vaill. A.G. Star-wort Aster.
Astragaloides, Tourn Bastard Milk-vetch Phaca.
Atractylis, Vaill. A. G. Distaff Thistle Carthamus.
Aurantium, Tourn Orange Citrus.

Aureliana, Lafit Ginseng Panax.

x\uricula Ursi, Tourn... Auricula, or Bear's Ear.. ..Primula.

Azederach, Tourn Bead Tree Melia.

B
Baccharis, Vaill. A. G. Lavender Cotton Santolina.
Badiaga, Buxb.,,. "River Spunge Spongia.
 140 TABLE I.

Generic Names English Names. Linn*ah

rejected. Genera.
Ballote, Tourn Black Horehound Ballota. -

Balsaminn, Tourn Balsam Impatiens.

Balsamita, Vaill. A. G. Costmary Tanacetum.
Barba caprae, Tourn... .Greater Meadow-sweet.... Spiraea.

Belladona, Tourn Deadly Nightshade Atropa.

Beilidiastrum, Mich Middle Daisy Doronicum.
Bellidioides, Vaill. A.G. Greater, or Ox-eye Daisy Chrysanthe-
mum.
Bel is-Leucanthemum,... Annual Daisy
I Bell is.
Mich. gen. 1

Benzoe, Boerh Benjamin Tree Laurus.

Berniudiana, Tourn. and Sisyrinchium.
Dill. Elth.

Bernhardia, Houst. A.A. Bastard Ricinus Croton.

Bidentis species, Dill... Tick-seeded Sun-flower... Coreopsis.
Elth.

Bihai, Plur,t Banana Musa.

Bistorta, Tourn Bistort, or Snake-weed Polygonum.
Blairia, Houst. A.A Vervain Verbena.
Blattaria, Tourn Moth Mullein Verbascum.
Boletus, Mich Phallus.
Bonarota, Mich Bock Germander Veronisa.
Bonduc, Plum Nickar Tree Guilandina.
Boraginoides, Boerh Indian Borage Borrago.
Borbonia, Plum Red Bay of Carolina.. Laurus.
Botrytis, Mich Byssus.
, Bovista, Dill Lycoperdon.
Bryonioides, Dill. Elth. Single-seeded Cucumber...SicYos.
Bucca-ferrea, Mich Ruppia.
Buglossum, Tourn Bugloss Anchusa.
Bugula, Town Bugle Ajuga.
Bulbine, Lin. gen. jo/....Cape Spiderwort Anthericum.
ed. prim.
Bulbocastanum, Tourn. .Pig-nut, or Earth-nut Bunium.
Buphthalmum, Tourn... Ox-eye, of old authors. ...Anthemis.
 TABLE I. 141

Generic Names English Names. Linn#:an

B EJECTED. » GeNEKA.
Bupleuroides, Boerh Bastard I la re's -ear Phyllus.
Bursa Pastoris, Tourn... Shepherd's Pouch *Thlaspi.

Caapeba, Plum CissampeLos.

Cacalianthemum, Dill Cacalia.
tilth.

Cacao, Tourn Chocolate Nut Theobroma.

Cainito, Plum Star Apple Chrysophyl-
lum.
Calaba, Plum Calophyllum-
Calamintha, Tourn Calamint Melissa.
Calamus aromaticus, ...Sweet Rush Acorus.
Pet. gen. and Mich.
Calceolus, Tourn Ladies' Slipper Cypripedicm.
Calcitrapa, Vaill Star Thistle Centaurea.
Calcitrapoides, Vaill... .Thorny Knapweed Centaurea.
Caltha, Tourn. and Vaill. Marigold Calendula.
A. G.
Camara, Plum, and Dill. American Viburnum Lantana.
Elth.

Cameraria, Dill, gen SmallWater Chickweed,...Mo>mA.

or Blinks.
Camphora, Gronov. diss. Camphor Tree Laurus.
Camphorata, Tourn Stinking Ground-Pine Camphorosma
Cannabina, Tourn. cor.. .Bastard Hemp Datisca.
Cannacorus, Tourn Indian Flowering Reed.... Canna.
Capnoides, Tourn Fum atory Ft; m a r i a.

Capri fol um, Tourn

i Honeysuckle Lo n i cera .

Caprificus, Pont. Anth...WM Fig-tree Ficus.

Caraguata, Plum Tillandsia.
Caraxeron, Vaill. A. G. Globe Amaranth Gomphrena.
Cardamindum, Tourn... Indian Cress Tropjeolum.
Cardiaca, Tourn.,,,,. ,, .Motherwort Leonurus.
 TABLE I.

Generic Names English Names. Linn-sean

rejected. Genera.
Cardispermum, Trant... Marigold.. ......Calendula.
A. G.
Cardui species, Tourn... Woolly Thistle Onopordum.
Carelia, Pont, diss Bastard Hemp-Agrimony.. Ageratijm.
Carimpana, Hort. Mai. Malabar Palm (female). ..Borassus.
Carlinoides, Vaill. A. G. Carline Thistle Carlina.
Carpobolus, Mich Lycoperdon.
Carthamoides, Vail. A.G. Bastard Saflron Carthamus.
Carui, Tourn ..Caraway Carum.
Caryophyllata, Tourn... A\ ens, or Herb Bennet....GEUM.
Caryophyllodendron,... Clove-tree Caryophyllus
Vaill. A. G.
Caryophyllus, Tourn. ...Pink, Clove July-Flowerj.-DiANxaus.
Sweet William, &c.
Caryophyllus aromati- Clove-tree.. Caryophyllus
cus, Tourn.
Casia, Tourn Poet's Cassia Osyris.
Cassida, Tourn Skull Cap Scutellaria.
Castanea, Tourn Chestnut . .Fagus.
Castorea, Plum Duranta.
Catanance, Tourn Candy Lion's Foot Catananche.
Cataria, Tourn Cat-mint Nepeta.
Cedrus, Tourn Cedar Juniperus,
Ceiba, Plum Silk Cotton-Tree Bombax.
Centaureum majus, Tour. Centaury Centaurea.
Centaureum minus, Tour. Lesser Centaury Gentian a.
Cepa, Tourn Onion Allium.
Cerasus, Tourn Cherry Prunus.
Ceratocephaloides, Vail Verbesina-
A. G.
Ceratocephalus, Vaill , , Bidens.
A. G.
Ceratoides, Tourn. Cor Axyris.
Cereus, Juss. A. G Torch Thistle Cactus.
Cerinthoides, Bocrh Honeywort , Cerinthe.
 TABLE I. 143

Generic Names English Names. Linn^.an

rejected. Genera.
Cervispina, Dill, gen Buckthorn Rhamnus,
Chaerophylli species,... Wild Chervil Ch.euophyl-
Tourn. lum»
Chamaebuxus, Tourn... .Low Box Polygala.
Chamaecerasus, Tourn.. -Dwarf Cherry, orUpright...LoNicERA.
Honeysuckle.
Chamasdaphne, Buxh Andromeda.
A. R.
Chamaedaphne, Mitch Mitchella.
Chamaedrys, Tourn Germander Teucrium..
Chamaejasme, Amm Stellera.
Chamaelea, Tourn Widow Wail Cneorum.
Chamselinum, Vaill Least Rupture-wort, or....LiNUM.
B. P. All-seed.
Chamaemelum, Tourn... Chamomile Anthemis.
and Vaill. A. G.
Chamsenerion, 7bwr«...Rosebay, orWillow Herb...EpiLOBiuM.
Chamaepitys, Tourn Ground Pine Teucrium.
Chamaerhododendros,... Dwarf Rosebay Rhododen-
Toutn. dkon.
Chamaeriphes, Pont Dwarf Palm Cham^rops.
Chenopodio-morus, Strawberry Spinach, or...BLiruM.
Boer. Blite.

Christophoriana, Tourn. Herb Christopher.*.. .......Actvea.

Chrysanthemoides,7bw?\ Hard -seeded Chrysanthe- Osteosper-

A.G. Dill. gen. # Elth. mum. mum.
Chrysocome, Dill. gen...Go\den Locks Chrysocoma.
Cicuta, Tourn Hemlock.. Conium.
Cicutaria, Tourn Great broad-leaved Ba-....LiGi;sTicuM.
stard Hemlock.
Cinara, Tourn .Artichoke Cynara.
Cinnamomum, Ham. H. Cinnamon Tree..... Laurus.
L, B. and Bwm. Zej/l.
 TABLE I.

Generic Names English Names. Linweaw

rejected. Genera.
Cirsium, Town, and Soft, or Gentle Thistle Carduus.
Vaill A. G.
Citreum, Tourn Citron * Citrus.
Clandestina, Tourn Broom Rape, with great... Lathr^a.

purple flowers ; or,

Great purple Herb-

bane.
Clematitis, Tourn Virgin's Bower Clematis.
Clitorius, Dill. Eltli CliToria.
Clymenum, Tourn Chichling Vetch Lathyrus.
Coa, Plum Hippocratea.
CoddaPanna, Hort. Mai Corypha.
Cotle, Juss. A. G Coffee Tree Coffea.
Coloeasia, Boer/i Great Egyptian Arum Arum.
Colocynthis, Tourn Coloquintida, or Bitter... Cucumis.
Gourd'.
Coma aurea, Boer/i Golden Locks Chrysocoma.
Conocarpodendion, Silver Tree Protea.
Boei/t.

Convolvulo Tithymalus, Dalechampi a.

Boerh.
Conyzella, Dill, gen Erigeron.
Conyzoides, Dill, gen Erigeron.
Conyzoides, Tourn. A. G Carpesium.
Coral, Dill. Elth Coral Tree Erythrina.
Corallo fungus, Vaill Clayaria.
B. P.
Corallodendron, Tourn. Coral Tree Erythrina.
Coralloides, Tourn. and Clayaria.
Mich.
Coralloides, Dill. Muse. Liverwort Lichen.
Cordyline, Roy. Lugd. Adam's Needle Yucca.
Corindum, Tourn Heart-seed, orIleart-pea..,CARDiospEn-

MUM.
 TABLE I. 145

Generic Names English Names. Linnaan

rejected. Genera.
Cornucopiodes, Scheuch Cornucopia.
Corona imperials, Tour. Crown Imperial Fritillaria.
Coronasolis, Vaill. A.G... Sunflower , Helianthus.
Tourn. # Dill. Elth.

Coronopus, Tourn Buck's-horn Plantain Plantago.

Corrigiola, Dill. gen. ...Vcrticiilate Knot-grass... .Illecebrum.

and 3Iihr.
Cortusa, Plum Thalia.
Corydalis, Dill, gen Bladder Fumatory Fumaria.
Cotinus, Tourn Venice Sumach Rhus.
Cotula, Tourn » : Am a cyclus.
Courbaril, Plum Locust Tree uHymensA,
Crepis, Vaill. A. G Tangier Sow-Thistle Soor 'O?

Crocodilium, Vaill Centaury widiout-stems...CE?n\\UREA,

Crocoddilodes, Vaill Distal!" Thistle Atraci tlis.
Cruciata, Tourn Crossvvort Valantia.
Cucularia, Juss. A. G...Fumatory with a naked. ..Fumaria.
stalk.

Cujete, Plum Calabash Tree Crescentia.

Cuminoides, Tourn Wild or Bastard Cumin ...Lagoecia.
Cururu, Plum... Paullinia.
Cyanus, Tourn. and... Bluebottle Centaurea.
Vaill. A. G.
Cyathoides, Mich Cup Mushroom Peziza.
C\ donia, Tourn
r Quince Tree Pyrus.
Cynocrambe, Town Dog's Cabbage Theligonum.
Cynoglossoides, ZswarcL. Borrage Borrago.
A.G.
Cynomorium, Garc Cynometra.
Cynorrhinchium, Mitch Mimulus.
Cyperella, Mich.... Schcsnus.
Cyperoides, Tour. Scheu Cauex.
and Mich.
Cysticapnos, Boerh Bladder Fumatory FOmaria.
L

i
1 IS TABLE I.

Generic Names English Names. Linnjean

rejected. Genera.

D
Dalca, Lin. gen. pi. ed Psoralea.
prim.
Damasonium, Tourn Star-headed Water Plan-...AnsMA.
and Vaili. A. G. tain.

Dantia, Petit, gen Isnardia.

Dens Canis, Town Dog's-Tooth Violet Erythronium.
Dens Leonis, Tourn Dandelion Leontodon.
Dichotophyllum, Dill Ceratophyl-
gen. lum.
Diconangia, Mich.. Itea.
Dimorphotheca, Vaill... Marigold Calendula.
A. G.
Diototheca, Vaill. A. G. Morina.
Dodonaea, Plum Holly, with winged leaves Ilex.
Doria, Dill. gen. fyElth... Golden Rod Solidago.
Dortrnanna, Rudb. A. S. Water Gladiole....* Lobelia.
Dracunculoides, Boerh... Blood-Flower Hjemanthus.
Dracunculus, Tourn .Dragons .•
Arum.
Duglassia, Houst. A. A ........Volkameria.

E
Echinopus, Tourn. and.. .Globe Thistle Echinops.
Vaill. A. G.
Eciiinoides Dill, gen Lycopsis.
Elate, Mus. Cliff. CommonPalm, orDateTree Pholnix.
Elaterium, Boerh Wild, Spirting, or Ass's. ..Momordica.
Cucumber.
Elatine, Dill, gen Fluellin, or Female Speed- Antirrhinum.
well.

F.lcphas, Tourn Elephant's Head Bhinanthus.

Elichrysum, Tourn Cassidony, Golden-locks >...GNAPHALiuM.
and Dill. Elth. or Eternal Flower.
Vlymus, Mich Zuakia.
 TABLE I. U7

Generic Names English Names. Linnjban

rejected. Genera.
Emerus, Tourn Scorpion Senna CoronIlla.
Enula, Ciesalp. and Elecampane Inula.
Magnol.
Ephemerum, Tourn Virginian Spiderwort Tradescantia
Erebinthus, Mitch Vicia.
Eresia, Plum Theophrasta.
Ericae species, Tourn Andromeda.
Erinacea, Tourn Spanish Hedgehog Thorn Anthyllis.
Erinaceus, Dill. Sf Mich Hydnum.
Eriocephalus, Vaill. A.G. Spear Thistle Carduus.
Eriophorus, Vaill. A.G. Downy Sow-Thistle, or... Andryala.
Woolly Hawk-weed.
Erucago, Tourn Square-codded Rocket Bunias.
of Montpelier.
Euonymoides, /s/mr.A.G.StafFTree Celastrus.
Eupatoriophalacron, Dill Verbesina.
Elth. and Vaill. A. G.
Euphorbium, Isnar. A.G. Burning Thorny Plant Euphorbia.

F
Faba, Tourn .Bean Vicia.
Fabago, Tourn Bean Caper ZygophylluM
Fagopyrum, Tourn Buck Wheat, or Brank Polygonum.
Ferrum equinum, Tour. Horseshoe Vetch Hippocrepis.
Ficaria, DHL gen Pilewort, or Lesser Ce-.... Ranunculus.
landine.

Ficoida, Niss. A.G. Dill Aizoon.

gen. and Elth.

Ficoides, Tourn. A. G. Fig Marigold , Mesembryan-

themum.
Filago, Vaill. A.G. 4r»"Cudweed Gnaphalium.
Tourn.
Filipendula, Tourn Dropwort Spiraea.

Fluvialis, Vaill. A.G Naias.

and Mich,
L2
IIS TABLE I.

Generic Names English Names. Linn^an

rejected. geneiia.
Foeniculum, Tourn Fennel Anethum.
Fcenum Grascum, Tourn. Fenugreek Trigonella.
Franca, Mich Fr Art KEN I a.
Frangula, Tourn Black or Berry -bearing.. ..Rhamnus.
Alder.
Fungoidaster, Mich Elvela.
Fungoides, Mich Elvela.
Fungoides, Dill Clavari a.
Fungoidis species, Cup Mushroom Paziza.
Vaill. B. P.
Fungoidis species, Vail. B. P Elvela.

G
Gale, Tourn. A. G. <5f ...Sweet Willow, Gale, or...MvRicA.
Dill. gen. Dutch Myrtle.
Galeobdolon, Dill. gen. Yellow Archangel, or ...Galeopsis.
Dead Nettle.
Galeopsis, Tourn Base Horehound Stachys.
Gallium, Tourn Ladies' Bed-straw, or Galium.
Cheese Rennet.
Geaster, Mich Lycoperdon.
Genista, Tourn Broo m Spartium,
Genista-spartium, Tour. Furze, Whins, or Gorse...ULEX.
Genistella, Tourn Dwarf Broom Gen ista.
Gerbeia, Lin. gen. pi Arnica.
ed. prim.

Gesnera, Plum Gesneria.

Geum, Tourn Kidney wort Saxifraga.
Glaucium, Tourn Horned Poppy Chelidonium,
Glaucoides, Mich Water Purslane Peplis.
Gnaphaloides, Tourn Bastard Cudweed Micropus.
Graminifolia, Dill. gat. Trip]e-headedPond-weed...ZANNicHEi.LiA
Granadilla, Tourn. Sr.. .Passion Flower Passiflora.
Dill, Elth,

Grossularia, Tourn Gooseberry Rises.

 TABLE I.

Generic Names English Names. Linn«an

REJECTED. Ge.NEKA.
Guaicami, Tourn .Indian Date-Plum Diospyros.
Guaiava, Tourn Bay Plum Psidium.
Guanabanus. Plum Custard-Apple Annona.
Guazuma, Plum Basiard Cedar of Jamaica Theobroma.
Guidonia, Plum , Samyda.

H
Hacub, Vaill. A. G Gundelia.
Hannah, Town Wild Syrian Rue Peganlm.
fiedyprtois, Totem Hyoseris.
Heistei ia, Lin. gen. pi Polygala.
ed. prim.
Heleniastrum, Vail.A.G. Bastard Sunflower Helenia.
Helenium, Vail. A. G...Starwort Aster.
Helenium, Moris, /fy/... Elecampane Inula.
llerm R/vin. Rupp.
Knaut. and Vaill.
Helianthemum, Tburn.. .Dwarf Cistus, or Little. ...Cistus.

Sunflower.
Helichrysoides, Vaill Seriphium.
A. P.
Helichrysoides, Vaill Gnaphalium.
A. G.
Helichn sum, Vail. A.G. Cassidony,Golden-locks,....GNAPHALiuM.
or iiternal Flower.

Helleborine, Tourn Bastard Hellebore Serapias.

Helmintotheca, Vaill Picris.

A. G.
Helxine, Lin. gen. pi... Buck-wheat, or Brank Polygonum
ed. prim.

Henna, Ludw Lawsonia.

Hepatica, Dill, gen Noble Liverwort, or He- Anemone.
patica.

Hepatica, Mich March anti a.

Herba Paris, Tourn True-love, or One-berry Paris.
150 TABLE I

Generic Names English Names. Linnjean

rejected. Genera.
Hermodactylus, Tourn. Tuberose Iris Iris.

Hieracioides, Vaill. A.G. Bastard Hawkweed Crepis.

Hippocastanum, Tourn. Horse Chestnut jEsculus.

Hippuris, Dill. gen. Sf Chara.
Pont. Anth.
Horminum, Tourn Clary Salvia.
Hyacinthus stellaris,.,...Star Hyacinth Scilla.
Raj. Meth,
Hydroceratophyllon, CeratophYl-
Vaill. A. G. m
lum.
Hydrophace, Buxb. cent. Duck-meat Lemna.
Hypericoides, Plum St. Peter's Wort Ascyrum.
Hypocistis, Tourn Rape of Cistus ..Asarum.
Hypophyllocarpoden- Protea.
dron, Boerh.
Hypopitys, Dill, gen Monotropa.
Hysterophorus, Vaill. . .Bastard Feverfew Parthennjm.
A. G.

Jabotapita, Plum Ochna.

Jacea, Tourn. Dill. gen... Knapweed Centaurea.
and Vaill.

Jacobaese species, Tour... Ragworts (sundry, of old...SoLiDAGO.

Vaill. A.G. authors).

Jacobaeae species, Tour... Ragworts (sundry, of old...SENECio.

authors).

Jacobaeastrum, Vaill African Ragwort Othonna.

A. G.
Jacobaeoides, Vail. A.G. African Ragwort Othonna.
Jalapa, Tourn Marvel of Peru.. Mirabilis.
Jan-raja, Plum Rajania.
Jasminoides, Niss. A.G. Bastard Jasmine Lycium.
|caco, Plum Cocoa Plum Chrysobala-
NVS.
 . n

TABLE I. 151

Generic Names English Names. Linnjean

rejected. Genera.
Ilex, Tourn Evergreen Oak Quercus.
Indigo, hnard, A. G.... Goat's Rue Galega.
Inga, Plum Mimosa.
Jonthlaspi, Tourn Treacle Mustard Clypeola.
Isora, Plum. Screw Tree Hel 1CTERES.
Juncago, Tourn. 6f Mich. Arrow-headed Grass Triglochia.
Jussievia, Houst. A. A Jatropha.

K
Kali, Tourn Glasswort Salsola.
Karatas, Plum Pine-apple B rom eli a.
Katovindel, Hort. Mai. Palm, or Date Tree Phcenix.
Ktempfera, Houst. A. A. Vervain » Verbena.
Keratophyton, Boerh Lithoxylum.
Ketmia, Tourn.. ........... AlthseaFrutex, or Syrian.. .Hibiscus.
Mallow.
Kleinia, Lin. gen. pi... Foreign Colt's-foot...........CACALiA.
ed. prim.

Knawel, Dill, gen German Knot-grass Scleranthus.

Kodda-pail, Plum Water Houseleek of Egypt Pistia.

L
Lacryma Job, Tourn Job's Tears Coix.
Lampsana, Vaill. A. G. Nipplewort •...Lapsana.
Lancisia, Pont, diss .....Cotula.

Lapathum, Tourn Dock Rumex.

Lappa, Tourn. Vail... Burdock , Arctium.
A. G.
Larix, Tourn Larch Tree , Pinus.
Laurentia, Mich Lobelia.

Laurocerasus, Tourn . . .Laurel Pr u us.

Ledum, Mich ...Andromeda.

Lens, Tourn Lentils Ervum.
Lentibularia, Vaill. A...Water Milfoil .Utricularia,

Q. and Dill. gen.

152 TABLE I.

Generic Names English Names. Linn;ean

rejected. Genera,
Lenticula, Mich: and.,. Duck -meat Lemna.
Dill. gen.

Leontodontoides, Mich Hyoseris.

gen.

Leontopetalon, Town... Lion's Leaf. Leontice.

Lepidocarpodeiidron, Pkotea.
Boerh.
I.eptostachia, Mich Phryma.
Leucanthemum, Tourn... Chrysanthemum with. . ..CuRYSANTHE-
white rays, or Ox- . mum,
eye Daisy.
Leucojum, Tourn Stock July-Flower, and • • .Ch eiranthus,
Wall Flower.
Lichen, Dill. Muse Marchantia,
Li c he nas t rum, Dill ;.Jungerman-
Musc. nia.
Lichenoides, Dill. Muse Lichen.
Lilac, Tourn Lilac, or Pipe Tree ...Syringa.
Liliastrum, Tourn, White Day Lily, St. Bi u-...11emerocal-
no's Lily, or Great Sa- lis.

voy Spiderwort.
Lilio-asphodelus, Tourn. Day Lily, or Lily Aspho-... Hemerocal-
del. lis.

Lilio-hyacinthus, Tourn. Lily-Hyacinth Scilla.

Lilionarcissus, Toimi.... Lily-Daffodil Amaryllis.
Lilium convallium, Tour. Lily of the Valley Convallaria.
Limnopeuce, Vaill. A.G Hippuris.
Limodorum, Tourn Purple Bird's-Nest Orchis.
Limon, Tourn.. Lemon Citrus.
Limonium, Tourn Sea Lavender Statice.
Linagrostis, Mich. Cotton Grass Eriopiiorum.
Tourn.
Linaria, Tourn Toad Flax Antirrhinum.
Lingua cervina, Townf...Hart's Tongue ..Asplemum.
 .

TABLE L i53

Generic Names English Names. Linn#.an

rejected. Genera.
Linocarpon, Mich....... Least Rupturewort, or,,..LiNUM.
All-seed.

Lirium, Roy... Lily Lilium.

Lithophyton, Town Lithoxylon.
Lonchitis, Tourn Rough Spleenwort Polypodium.
LufFa, Town. A.G. Dili... Egyptian Cucumber Momordica.
gen. and Elt/t.

Lunularia, Mich Marchan tia.

Lupinaster, Buxb Trifolium.
Lupulus, Town Hop Humulus.
Luteola, Town Wild Woad, or Dyer's. ...Reseda.

Weed.
Lychnidea, Dill. Elth... Bastard Lychnis Phlox.
Lychni scabiosa, Boerh Knautia.
Lycogala, Mich Mucor.
Lycoperdastrum, Mich Lycoperdon.
Lycoperdoides, Mich Lycoperdon.
Lycopersicon, To urn.... Wolf's Peach, or Love...SoLANUM.
Apple.
Lycopodioides, JHU, Muse, Lycopodium.

M
Malachodendron, Mitch Stewartia.
Malacoides, Town.... ...Bastard Mallow Malope.
Malva, Town Rose Mallow, or Holly-. ..Alcea.
hock.
Malvaviscus, Dili- Elth. Berry-bearing Hibiscus. ..Hibiscus.
Malvinda, Dill. Elth. ..Indian Mailow, with sin-.'.. Sida.

gle Seeds.

Malus, Town Apple Pvrus.

Mamei, Plum Mammee M ammea.
Mancanilla, Plum Manchineel Hippomane.
Mangles, Plum Pee-kandel of the Indians Rhizophora.
Mangostans, Gave. AA. Mangostan Gakcinia.
 154 TABLE I.

Generic Names English Names. Linn.ean

rejected. Genera.
Manihot, Town. and... Cassava.. Jatkopha.
Dill. Ellh.

Maurocenia, Lin. gen... Hottentot Cherry Cassine.

pi. ed. prim.
Mays, To urn Indian or Turkey Wheat. Zea.
Medica, Tourn Snail Trefoil, and Medic.MEDiCA&o.
or Lucern Grass.

Melanoschcenus, Mich... Round Black-headed Schcenus.

gen. Marsh-Rusb, or
Bog Rush.
Melilobus, Mitch Three-thorned Acacia Gleditsia.
Melilotus, Tourn Melilot Trifolium.
Melo, Tourn Melon Cucumis.
Melocactus, Tourn Melon Thistle Cactus.
Melongem, Tourn Mad Apple, or Egg Plant Solanum.
Meiopepo, Tourn Buckler Gourd Cucurbita.
Memecylum, Mich Trailing Arbutus Epig.ea.

Methonica, Tourn Superb Lily Gloriosa.

Meum, Tourn Spignel Athamanta.
Michelia, Houst. A. A Pontederia.
Michelia, Amm. Act. Pet Gmelina.
Microleuconyrnphasa,... Frog's Bit Hydrocharis.
Boerh.
Millefolium, Tourn Yarrow, or Milfoil Achillea.
Mitra, Houst Ophiorrhiza.
Mitreola, Lin. gen. pi Ophiorrhiza.
ed. prim.

Moldavica, Tourn Turkey or Moldavian Dracocepha-

Baum. lum.
Molle, Tohm Peruvian Mastich Schinus.
Molucca, Tourn Molucca Baum Molucella.
Moly, Bocrh Molywith Lily Flowers,. ...Allium.
or Homer's Moly.
Monbin, Plum , Brasilian Plum Spondiaa.
 u

TABLE I. 155

Generic Names English Names. Linn.ean

kejected. Genera.
Monilifera, Vaill. A. G.'Hard-seeded Chrysan- Osteospeu-
themum. mum.
Monospermalthaea, Isnar Waltheria.
A. G.
Montia, Houst. A. A ~ Heliocartus.
Morocarpus, Rupp Blite.orStrawberrySpinach Butum.
Morsu ranae, Tour. A.G. Frog's Bit Hydrocjharis.
Moschatellina, Tourn.. .Tuberose Moschatel, oi'...Adoxa.
Hollow Root.
Mucilago, Mich Mucor.
Murucuja, Tourn Passion Flower Passiflora.
Muscari, Tourn Grape Hyacinth Hyacinthus.
M u scoides, Mich J n g e rm a n n i a

Myosotis, Tourn Mouse-ear duckweed Cerastium.

Myosuros, Dill, gen Mouse-tail Myosurus.
Myrobatindum, Vaill... American Viburnum Lantana.
A. G,

N
Narcisso-Leucojum, Greater Snow-drop Leucojum.
Tourn.
Nasturtium, Tourn Cress Lepidium.
Nelumbo, Tourn Indian Water-Lily Nymph/ea.
Nhandiroba, Plum Fevillea.
Ninsi, Brej/n. diss ...Ginseng Panax.
Nummularia, Nov. gen Holosteum.
Nux, Tourn. and Boerh. Walnut Juglans.
Nymphoides, Tourn Lesser Yellow Water Lily,. ..Men yanthes.
with fringed flowers.

O
Obeliscotheca, Vaill Dwarf Sunflower Rudbeckia.
A. G. and Dill. Elth.
Ochrus, Tourn Wildwinged Pea Pisum.

Odontitis, DHL gen Red Meadow-Eycbright... Euphrasia,

 156 TABLE I.

,
Generic Names English Names. Linn.ean'
rejected. Genera.
Omphalodes, Tourn Venus 's Navelwort Cynoglossum.
Onagra, Tourn Tree Primrose ....(Enothera.
Onobrychis, Tourn ( lock's Head, or Sainfoin... Hfdysarum.

Ophris, Town Twy blade Ophrys.

Opulus, Tourn. Sf VailL.Mavsh Elder, or Gelder.., Viburnum.
A. G. Rose.
Opuntia, Tourn IndianFig, or Prickly Pear Cactus.
Orch idion, Milch Arethus a.
Oreoselinum, Tourn Mountain Parslev Athamanta,
Ornithcpoclium, Tourn. Bird's Foot Ornithopus.
Ornus, Mich Ash Fraxinus.
Orobanchoides, Tourn Monotropa,
A. G.
Ostrya, Mich Hornbeam Carpinus.
Oxycoccus, Tourn Marsh Whortleberries, ....Vaccinium,
Mo.ss Berries, or Moor
Berries.
Oxyoides, Garc. A. A. SensitiveWood-Sorrel Oxalis.
Oxvs, Tourn
ml
Wood Sorrel Oxalis.

P
Padns, Lin. gen. pi..... .Bird Cherry , Prunus. •

ed. prim.

Paliurus, Toum Christ's Thorn Rhamnus«

Panacea, Mitch Ginseng Panax.
Panicaslrella, Mich Cenchrus.
Papaya, Tourn Papaw ....Carica.
Papia, Mich Orvala.
Paronychia, Tourn Mountain Knot-grass Illecebrum.
Partht niastrum, Am... .Bastard Feverfew Parthenium.
A. G. DHL gen. 8f Elth.

Patagonica, Dill. Elth Patagonula.

Pavia, Bocrh Scarlet Horse-chestnut ^Esculus.
Pedicularis species, Tour. Yc\ low Rattle, Cock's-. ..Rhinanthus.
comb, or Loueewort,
 TABLE I. 15?

Generic Names English Names. Linn/e.ym

rejected. Gkn :;>•..i.

Pelecinus, Town Clusius's Foreign Har-...BisERRCLA.

chet-Venh.
Penx'a, Plum Tree Milkwort, with a....PoLYGAiA.
rough box-leaf. <•

Pentagonotheca, Vaill. . .Fingrigot '.

..Plsonia.
A. G. ,

Pemaphylloides, Town. Cinquefbilo, whose leaves.. .Potentilla.

are not quite quinate.

Pentapterophyllum, .Water Milfoil Myriophyl-
DiU.'gen. lum.
Pepo, Toum Pa m pion Cue u kb it a,
Percepier, Dill, gen Parsley Piert Apimnls.
Pticskia, Plum. Lin Gooseberry of the Ame-.'.. Cactus.
gen. pi. ed. prim. ricans, or B!aJ Apple.
Periciynienum, 7 burn... Trumpet Honeysuckle Lonicera.
Persea) Phm ..Avocado or Avogato Pear Laurus.
Pei sica, To urn Peach Amygdalws.
Toum
Persicaria, \rse-smart, or Per.sicaria Polygonum.
P^rvmca, Toum Periwinkle \ inca.
Petasites, Town. <vrai...Butterburr, or Pestilent-. ..Tussilago.
Vaill. A. G. wort.
Petilium, Lin. gen. pi... Crown Imperial ...Fuitillaria.
ed. prim.

Phalaugium, Town Spiderwort Anthericum.

Phalloboletus, Mich Phallus.
Phillyrcastrum, Vaill \ Mokinda.
A. G.
Pilosella, Vaill. A. G... Creeping Mouse-ear TLeracium.
Pimpinella, Toum Burnet Poteriumt.
Pinaslella, Dill, gen IIippuris.

Pinguin, Dill. Kith Wild Ananas Bromf.lia.

Pitton ia, Plum To urn e forti a
Plantaginel'a, Dill. gen. Least Water-Plantain Limosella.
Plantanocephalus, Vaill. Button-wood Ckphalanthus
A. G.
158 TABLE I.

Generic Names Encash Names. Li.vnxak

rejected. Genera.

Poliifolia, Buxb. A. R. Marsh Clstus, orRosemary Andromeda.

Polium, Tourn Poley Mountain Teucrium.
Polyacantha, Vaill Casaubon's Thistle, sup-...Carduus.
A. G. posed the true Fish
Thistle or Acarna of
Theophrastus.

Polygaloides, Bill. gen. Milkwort Polygala.

Polvgonatum, Tourn Solomon's Seal Convallaria.
Polygon! folia, Bill, gen Corrigiola.
Polygonoidcs, Tourn Calligonum.
Polyporus, Mitch .Boletus.

Populago, Tourn Marsh Marigold Caltha.

Porophyllum, Vaill Cacalin, with perforate... Cacalia.

A. G. leaves.

Porrum, Tourn Leek Allium.

Portula, Bill, gen Water Purslane Peplis.
Portulacastrum, B. Jus. Horse Purslane Trianthema.
Potamopithys Biixb. A.R > Elatine.
Primula veris, Tourn.... Primrose Primula.
Provenzalia, Petit. Gen. Water Dragons Calla.
Pseudoacacia, Tourn.... False Acacia Robinia.
Pseudocvperus, Mich ScHasNU?.
Pseudodictamnus, Tour. Bastard Dittany Makkubium.
Pseudoruta, Mich Three-leaved Rue Ruta.
Psyllium, Tourn Fleawort Plantago.
Ptarmica, Ihum Sneezewort, Bastard Pel-.. ..Achillea.
litory, or Goose-tongue.
Pterocephalus. Vaill Scabious Scabiosa.
A. G.
Pterospcrmadondron, Am Pentai>etes.
Pulsatilla, Tourn Pasque Flower .Anemone.

Q
Quamoclit, Tourn Ipomcea.
 .

TABLE I. 159

Generic Names English Names. Linns an

rejected. genera.
Quinquefolium, Toum... Cinquefoil Potentilea.
Quinquina, Condam .True Jesuits'-Bark Tree... .Cinchona.
A. G.

R
Radicula, Dill, gen Water Radish Sisymbrium.
Radiola, Dill, gen Least Rupturewort, or Linum.
All-seed.

Ranunculoides, Va. A.G. Water Crowfoot. Ranunculus.

Rapa, Town Turnep Brassica.
Raphanistruni, Tourn... White-flowered Char- Raphanus.
lock, with jointed pods.
Rapistrum, Tourn Sea Cabbage Crambe.
Rapunculus, Toum Rampions Phyteuma.
Rapuntium, Tourn. fy. ..Cardinal Flower Lobelia.
Dill. Elth.

Rhabarbarum, Tourn . . Rhubarb ..Rheum.

Rhagadioloides, Va. A.G Hyoseris.,
Rhagadiolus, Vail. A. G Lapsana.
and Toum.
Rhamnoides, Tourn Bastard Rhamnus, or Sea...HippoPHAE.
Buckthorn.
Rhaponticoides, Vaill... Centaury Centaurea.
Rhapontium, Vaill Centaury Centaurea.
Ribesium, Dill. Elth... .Currant Tree Ribes.
Ricinocarpus, Boer. Sf Bur Acalypha,
Ricinoides, Toum Bastard Ricinus Croton.
Rivina, Plum Rivinia.
Royenia, Houst. A. A Losselia.
Rojoc, Plum Morinda.
Ros solis, Tourn Sun-dew Drosera.
Rubeola, Tourn Petty Madder Crucianella.
Rudbeckia, Houst. A. A. Button Tree Conocarpus.
Ruppia, Act. Ang Grass Wrack Zostera.
Ruta muraria, Tourn.,.. Wall-rue, or Tentwort Asplenium.
 too TABLE I.

Generic Names English Names. Linn*am

rejected. ' Genera.

S
Sabina, Boerh '.
Savine Junipeuus.
Sa^itta, Dill. sen. and..* Arrow-head Sagittaria.
Vaill. A.G.
Salicaria, Tourn Willow-herb, or Purple. ..Lythrum.
Loosestrife.

Sal v n ia,
i Mich Maes ilea.
Santolinoides, Vaill. A. G Anacyclus.
and Mich. gelt.

Sapota, Plum Sapota Achras.

Sassafras, Off. Sassafras Tree Laurus.
Saururus, Plum Lizard's Tail Piper.
Schunda Paua, Ilort. Mai Caryota.
Scirpocyperus, 31 itch... Hush Grass Scirpus.
Scirpoides, Mont Carex.
y
Sclarca, Tourn Clary... . Salvia.
Scorodoprasum, Mich...Great round-headed or Allium.
Turkey Garlick.
Scorpioides, Tourn Caterpillars Scorpiurus.
Scorzoueroides, Vaill... Viper's Grass Scorzonera.
A.G.
Sebestena, Dill. i,7///....Sebesten Cordia.
Securidaca, Tourn TheTrue Hatchet-Vetch. ..Coronilla.
or Sicklevvort.
Sedi species, Tourn Houseleek Sempervivum.
Sclaginoides, Dill. Muse Lycopodium.
Selago, Dill. Muse Upright Fir-Moss Lycopodium.
Senecionis species, D. Elt Erigeron.
Senna, Tourn Senna of the shops Cassia.
Se riana, Plum Paulltnia.
Sesamoides, Tourn Bastard Rocket Reseda.
Sherardia, Vaill Vervain Verbena.
Sherardia, Pont. Epist Galenia.
Sicyoides, Tourn Single-seeded Cucumber., .Sicyos.
 TABLE I. 181

Generic Names English Names. Linn^an

rejected. Genera.
Siliqua, Tourn CarobTree, or St. John's...CEBATONiA*
Bread.
Siliquastrum, Tourn Judas Tree Cercis.
Silybium, Vaill. A. G. Milk Thistle, or Lady's. ..Carduus.
Thistle.

Sinapi, Tourn Mustard Sinapis.

Sinapistrum, Tourn Bastard Mustard Claome.
Siphonanthemum, Amm Siphonanthus
Act. Petrop.
Sisarum, Tourn Skirret Sium.
Sisyrinchium, Tourn Iris with a double bulb,...lRis.

called Spanish Nut.

Sloana, Plum Apeiba of the Brasilians Sloanea,
Solanoides, Tourn. A. G. American Nightshade Rivina.
Sorgum, Mich Indian Millet Holcus.
Spartium, Tourn Single-seeded Broom Genista.
Sphondylium, Tourn. ...Cow Parsnep Heracleum.
Sphondylococcos, Mite. Johnsonia Callicarpa.
Stachy arpagophora, Cock's-comb Celosi a.
Vaill. A. G.
Staphylodendron, Tour. Bladder Nut Staphyuea.
Stellaria, Dill, gen Callitriche.
Stellaris, Dill, gen Yellow Star of Bethlehem Ornithogalum
Stoechas, Tourn French Lavender Lavandula.
Stramonium, Tom. fyPont. Thorn Apple Datura.
Stratiotes, Vaill. A. G. Water Milfoil, or Water.. .Hottonia.
Violet.

Stratiotes, Dill, gen Frog's-bit Hydrocharis.

Struthia, Roy en * G nidi a.
Suber, Tourn Cork Tree Quercus.
Succisa, Vaill. A. G Devil's-bit Scabiosa.
Suillus, Mich Boletus.
Symphoricarpos, Dl.Elt. Shrubby St.Peter's-wort...LoNic.EKA.
Syringa, Tourn, Mock Orange, orSyringa Piuladelphus
M
162 TABLE I.

Generic Names Enclish Names. Linn.ean

rejected. Genera.

T
Town
Tamariscus, Tamarisk TaMaiux.
Tamnus, Town Black Bryony Tamus.
Tapia, Plum Garlick Pear Crateva.
Taraxaconastrum, Vaill Hyoseris.
A. G.
Taraxaconoides, Vaill... Dandelion Leontodon.
A.G.
Tarchonanthus, Va.Act. Jesuit's Bark Tree, false-...IvA,

ly so called.
Telephiastrum, Dill.Elt. African Purslane Portulaca.
Telephioides, Tour. .Bastard Orpine Andrachne.
Dill. Elth.

Tenga, Hort.Mal Cocoa Nut Cocos.

Terebinthus, Toum Turpentine Tree Pistacia.
Ternatea, Toum. A. G Clitoria.
Tetrahit, Dill, gen Bastard Hemp Galeopsis.
Toum
Thlaspidium, Buckler Mustard Biscctella.
Thymbra, Toum Savory, with verticillate...SATUREjA.
flowers.

Thymela±a, TouHn ...Mezereon, or Spurge- Daphne.

Laurel.
Thysselinum, Toum Milky Parsley Selinum.
Tinus, Tour. SfVail.A.G. Laurustinus Vibukm m.
Titanokeratophyton, Bo Lithoxylon.
Tithymaloides, Toum... Bastard Spurge Euphorbia.
Tithymaloides (an) Klein Cabbage Tree, or Car-....CACAMA.
Monaqr nation Tree.
Tithy in al us, Town Spurge Euphorbia.
Tournefortia, Pont. Epis. Amber Tree Anthosper-
mum.
Toxicodendron, Toum. Poison Tree Rhus.
Tragacantha, Toum Goat's-horn Astragalus.
Tragopogonoides, F«2'/...Goat's-beard with crook-...TRAOopoGON.
A. G. ed seeds.
 TABLE I. 103

Generic Names English Names. Linn-jean

rejected. .
Genera.
Tragoselinum, Tourn... Bur net Saxifrage Pimpinella.
Tribuloides, Tourn Water Caltrops Thapa.
Trichomanes, Tourn English Black Maiden-... Asple.n*.m.
hair.

Trifoliastrurn, Mich White-flowered Meado\v...TRi folium.

Trefoil, Honeysuckle
Grass, or Dutch Clover.
Trilopus, Mitch Witch Hazel Hamamelis.
Triosteospermum, Dil... Fever-root, Doctor Tin-...Ti«osTEUM.
Elth. ker's Weed, or False
Ipecacuana.
Trixis, Milch ProsErpinaca.
Tulipifera, Catesb Tulip Tree Liriodendron.
Tuna, Dill. Elth Indian Fig, or Prickly Pear Cactus.

Tunica, Dill. Elth Pink Diantiius.

V
Valdia, Plum Ovieda.
Valerianella, Tour. and—Lamb's Lettuce, or Corn-... Valeriana.

Vaill. Sallad.

Vallisneroides, Mich Valisneria. ,

Vanilla, Plum.* Vanilla Epioendrum.

Vanrheedia, Plum Rheedia.
Vesicaria, Rivinus Heart-seed, or Heart Pea Cardiosper-
mum.
Vesicaria, Tourn Madwort with bladdery... Alvssum.
pods.

Virgaaurea, Tour. and... Golden Rod Solidago.

Vaill A. G.
Virga sanguinea, Dill... Female Dog-wood, Dog...CoRNus.
berry, or Gatter Tree.

Viscago, Dill. Elth Viscous Campion, or Silene.

Catch-fly.

Viticella, Mitch.., Galax.

. M2
 164 TABLE I.

Generic Names English Names. Linn&an

r ejected. Genera.
Viticella, Dill, gen Virgin's Bower, or La-. ..Clematis.
dy's Bower.

Vitis Idea, Tourn Whortleberry.. Vaccinium.

Ulmaria, Town Meadow-sweet, orQueen... Spiraea.
of the Meadows.
Unifolium, Dill. gen.... One-blade Convallaria.
Volubilis, Dill. Elth Ipomcea.
Usnea, Dill. Muse Tree Moss Lichen.
Uva ursi, Tourn Spanish Redwhorts, or. ...Arbutus.
Bearberries.

Vulneraria, Tourn....... Kidney Vetch, or Lady's. ..Anthyllis.

Finger.

X
Xeranthemoides, Dill a Xeranthe-
El(h. MUM.
Xiphium, Tourn Bulbous Iris Iris.

~Ky\on,Lin.gen.pl.ed.pr. Silk Cotton Tree Bomb ax.

Xy Ion, Town Cotton Gossyp i i im
Xylosteum, Town.., ...Fly Honeysuckle..... Lonicera.

Z
Zacintha, Vaill. A. C.Wart Succory Lapsana.
and T.

Zanonia, Plwn Commelin

Ziziphus, Town .Jujuba Tree , Rhamni b.
 INDEX
OF

AUTHORS REFERRED TO
IN TABLE n.

Amm. Ammannus. Knaut. Knautius.

Bat tar. Battarra. Kram. Kramerus.
Blachv, Blackvvell. Edit. Nor. Linn. Linnaeus.
Boerk. Boerhavius. — E. N. — Editio novissima,
Burm. Burmannus. 1754.
Buxb. Buxbaumius. — Gen. — Genera Planta-
Bauh. Bauhinus. rum, Holm. 1754.
Cord. Cordus. — Spec. — Species Planta-
Dill. Dillenius. rum, Holm. 1753.
Bod. Dodonceus. — Si/st. — Systcma Natural,
Fev. Feuillaeus. Holm. 1759.
dare. Garcinus. Lob. Lobelius.

Gled. Gleditschius. Ludw. Ludwigius.

H.M. Hortus Malabaricus. Mag. Magnolius.
Hall. Hallerus. Malp. Malpighius.
Heb. Hebenstreitius. March. Marchanlius.
Heist. Ileisterus. Mars. Marsdius.
Herm. Hermannus. Mich. Michelius.
Hou>>t. Houstonus. Niss. Nissolius.

Imp. Imperatus. Of. Qfficjnarum.

Johr. Johrenius. P. Alp. Prosper Alpinus.
Isn. Isnardus. Pet. Petitus.

Juss. Jussieus. Petiv. Petiverius.

Ktmpf. Keempferus. Pis. Piso.

166 INDEX OF AUTHORS REFERRED TO.
Muck. Pluckenetius. C L
bcflCFJ.
_ /v y^f
G. — Beschreibungdes
I Kan. Plumierus. Gichtschvvammes,
Font. rontedera. 1760.
Ixat. Raius. Schaw. ocnawius.
Riv. Rivinus. Scheuchz. bcheuchzerus.
Roy. Royenius. Sig. Sigesbeckius.
Rudb. Rudbeckius. Sloan. bloanus.
Rupp. Ruppius. Tab. Tabernaemontanus.
Schaff.A. Schaefferi erleichterteTWrra. lournefortius.
Arzneykrauterwis-7rag\ Tragus.
senschaft, 1759. Trew. Trewius.
jB. — Beobachtuntun-FenY/. Vaillantius.
gen derSchwammeJFewm. Weinmannius-
urn Regensb, 1759.
 TABLE II.

THE LINN.EAN GENERA,

WITH

REFERENCES AND SYNONYMES.

1. AcALYPHA.
Linn. Gen. 959. Spec. 1003. Sj/st. 959. Ludw. 897.
Ricinocarpos. Boerh.

2. Acanthus.
Linn. Gen. 711. Spec. 639. Si/st. 711. Mill. i. 14. Tourn. tab.

80,81. Weinm. tab. 13. Ludw. 239.

3. Acer.
Linn. Gen. 1023. %c. 1054. Syst. 1023. Hall. 421. Ludw.
551. Mill. i. 14. Tourn. tab. 386. Weinm. tab. 14-17.

4. Achillea.
Linn. Gew. 871. Spec. 896. 871. Hall. 712. Ludw. 358.
Millefolium. Tourn. lab. 283. Blackvv. 18. Mill. ii. 47.
SchtefF. A. 122. Weinm. tab. 729, 730.
Ptarmica. Tourn. tab. 283. Blackw. tab. 276. Mill. ii. 165.
Schaeff. A. 123. Weinm. tab, 837.
163 TABLE II.

5. ACHRAS.
Linn. Gen. 1.093. Spec. 1 190. Syst. No. 1093, p. 1381.
Sapota. Plum. Ludw. 1046.

6. AcHYRANTHES.
Linn. Gen. 254. %-c. 204. Syst. 254. Ludw. 772.
ACHYRACANTHA. Dill.

7. ACNIDA.
Linn. Gen. 987. %c. 1027. 987.
Acnide. Mitch.

8. Aconitum.
Linn. Gen, 603. Spec. 532. Syst. 603. Hall. 312. Ludw. 653.
Mill. i. 17. Tourn. tab. 239, 240. Weinm. tab. 22-24.
Napellus. Riv. Anthora. Riv.

9. Acorus.
Linn. Gen. 392. Spec. 324. Sj»*. 392. Hall. 259. Ludw. 784.
Mill. iii. 8. Schaeff. A. 245. Weinm. tab. 25.

Calamus Aromaticus. Mich.

10. Acrostichum.
Linn. Gen. 1037. Spec. 1067. Syst. 1037.
Ruta Muraria. Tourn. tab. 317. Blackw. tafc. 219. Adianthum
Album. Off. Schasff. A. 304. Weinm. tab. 26.

Acrostichum. Hall. 134. Ludw. 942. Asplenium. Hall. 134.

Ludw. 943.

1 J. A CITE A.
Linn. Gen. 568. Spec. 504. Syst. 568.
CmusTOPHORiANA. Tourn. tab. 154. Hall. 305. Ludw. 457.
Mill. i. 205. Weinm. tab. 384.

12. Adansonia.
Linn. Gen. 1094. Spec. 1190. Syst. No. 1094. p. 1382-1144.

13. Adelia.

Linn. Syst. 1298.

 TABLE II.

14. Adenanthera.
Linn. Gen. 472. Spec. 384. Sj/st. 472. Ludw. 556.

15. Adiantum.
Linn. Gen. 1014. Spec. 1094. Syst. 1044. Blackw. tab. 307.
Ludw. 945. Mill. i. 19. Weinm. tab. 26, 27.

16. Adonis.
Linn. Gen. 618. Spec. 547. Syst. 618. Hall. 319. Ludw. 753.
Mill. i. 20. iii. 9. Weinm. tab. 28.

17. Adoxa.
Linn. Gen. 450. Spec. 367. Syst. 450.
Moschatellina. Tourn. tab. 68. Hall. 412. Ludw. 137. Mill.
ii. 59. Weinm. 737.

18. jEgilops.

Linn. Gen. 1018. S^ec. 1050. Syst. 1018. Ludw. 847.

19. iEGlNETlA.

Linn. Gen. 695. Spec. 632, Sj/s*. 695. Ludw. 1036.

20. .iEgopodium.

Linn. Gen. 330. .Spec-. 265. Syst. 330.

Podagraria. Riv. Hcill. 427. Ludw. 65S.

21. iEsCHYNOMENE.

Linn. Gen. 769. Spec. 713. Syst, 769. Ludw. 499.

22. iEscuLUS.

Linn. Gen. 420. Spec. 344. Sjtff. 420.

Hippocastanum. Tourn. 382. Ludw. 630. Mill. i. 407.
Weinm. tab. 342. Castanea Equina. Rai.

Pavia. Boerh. Ludw. 632. Mill. ii. 110.

23. TEthusa.

Linn. Gen. 317. Spec. 256. Syst. 317. Hall. *33, Ludw. 692.
Cynapium. Riv.

f
 170 TABLE II.

24. Agaricus.

Linn. Gen. 1074. Spec. 1171. Syst. 1074. Schceff. B. § 70.

Amanita. Dill. Ludw. 963.

Fungus. Mich. Battar. Gled. Hall. 24. Tourn. tab. 327.
Acarico-Fungus. Hall. 57.

25. Agave.
Linn. Gen. 390. Spec. 325. Syst. 390.

26. Agekatum.
Linn. Gen. 843. Spec. 839. 843. Mill. i. 20. Weinm. tab. 29.

Carelia. Pont. Ludw. 299.

27. Agrimonia.
Linn. Gen. 534. Spec. 448. Syst. 534.
Agrimonia. Tourn. idb. 155. Blackw. 21. Hall. 407. Ludw.
006. Mill. i. 21. Schjeff. A. 195. Weinm. tab. 29.

Agrimonoides. Tourn. tab. 155. Ludw. 549. Mill. i. 23. iii. 9.

28. Agrostemma.
Linn. Gen. 516. S/>ec. 435. Syst. 516.
Lychnis. Hall. 376. Ludw. 573.

29. Agrostis.

Linn. Gen. 74. Spec. 61. Syst. 74. Hall. 218. 229. Ludw. 821,

30. Aira.

Linn. Gen. 75. Spec. 63. Sytf. 75. Ludw. 825.

31. Ajuga.
Linn. Gen. 624. Spec. 561. Syst. 624.
Bugula. Tourn. fafc. 98. Hall. 633. Ludw. 191. Mill. i. 147.
Consolida Media. Off. Weinm. tab. 407.

32. Aizoon.
Linn. Gen. 555. Spec. MS. Syst. 553. Ludw. 808. Mill. iii. p.

Ficoidea. Niss. Mill. i. 316.

33. Alcea.
Linn. Gen. 750. Spec. 687, Syst. 750. Ludw. 145.
 TABLE II. 171

Malta. Tourn. tab. 24. Ludw. 144. Mill. ii. 4. SchaefF. A. 48.
50. Weinm. tab. 693-697. ,

34. Alchemilla.
Linn. Gen. 153. Spec. 123. Sj/st. 153.
Alchimilla. Tourn. tab. 289. Blackw. tab. 72. Hall. 184. Ludw.
764. Mill. i. 25. SchaefF. A. 284. Weinm. tab. 36, 37.

35. Aldrovanda.
Linn. Gen. 350. Spec. 2S1. Si/st. 350.

36. Aletris.
Linn. Gen. 3S7. Spec. 319. Sysi. 387.

37. Alisma.

Linn. Gen. 418. Spec. 342. Sysf. 418.

Plantago Aquatica. Boerh. Ludw. 384.
Damasonivm. Tourn. tab. 132. Hall. 300. Ludw. 385. Mill, i,

265.

38. Allionia.
Linn. Sj/st. No. 1112. p. 1361. 890.

39. Allium.
Linn. Gen. 370. Spec. 294. Sj/st. 370.

Allium. Tourn. tab. 206. Hall. 296, 297. Ludw. 724. Mill. i.

26. iii. 11. SchaefF. A. 249. Weinm. tab. 38, 39.

Cepa. Tourn. tab. 205. Hall. 295. Ludw, 724. Mill. i. 192.
SchaefF. A. 250. Weinm. tab: 319.

Poruum. Tourn. tab. 204. Hall. 294. Ludw. 724. Mill. i. 158.
Sch<EiF. A. 251. Wtimn. tab. 828.
Scorodoprasum. Mich. Ludw. 724.
Moly. Boerh. Ludw. 427. Mill. ii. 56. Weinm. .tab. 734.

40. Allophylus.
Linn. Gen. 428. Spec. 348. Si/st. 428.

41. Aloe.
Linn. Gen. 389. Spec. 319. Si/st. 389. Blackw. tab. 229. -
Ludw.
116. Mill. i. 27. iii. 12. Tourn. tab, 191. Weinm. tab. 42-75.
172 TABLE II.

42. Alopecurus.
Linn. Gen. 72. Spec. 60. Syst. 72. Ludw. 8 IS. Hall. 205.

43. Alpinia.

Linn. Gen. 4. Spec. 2. Syst. 4. Ludw. 173. Mill. iii. 12.

Alfina. Plum.

44. At sine.
Linn. Gen. 342. Spec. 272. Syst. 3 12. Blackw. 164. Hall.

385. Ludw. 569. Tourn. <!a&. 1 26. Weinm. tab. 76-78.

45. Althjea.
Linn. Gen. 749. %-c.6S6. ,S>/.749. Blackw. tab. 90. Hall. 364.

Ludw. 146. Mill. i. 30. iii. 12. Schoeff. A. 49. Weinm. tab.

79-83.
46. Alyssum.
Linn. Gen. 722. Spec. 650. Syst. 122. Ludw. 429.
Alysson. Tourn. tab. 104. Hall. 537. Mill. i. 31. "Weinm. tab.

973.
Alyssoides. Tourn. tai. ] 04. Mill. i. 31.

Vesicaria. Tourn.

47. Amaranthus.
Linn. Gen. 941. Spec. 989. Syst. 944. Blackw. 317. Ludw.
882. Mill. i. 33. Tourn. tab. 118. Hall. 176. Weinm. tab.
84-99.
4S. Amaryllis.
Linn. Gen. 367. Spec. 292. 367. Mill. iii. 13. Ludw. 723.
Lilio-Naucissus. Tourn. tab. 207. Mill. i. 509. Weinm. tab. 672.

49. Ambrosia.
Linn. Gen. 938. Spec. 987. 938. Ludw. 858. Mill. i. 34.
Tourn. tab. 252.

50. Amellus.
Linn. Syst. No. 1 162. p. 1377. 1225.

51. Amethystea.
Linn. Gen. 32. Spec. 21. Syst. 32,

Amethystina. Aram.
 TABLE II. 173

52. Ammannia.
Linn. Gen. 144. Spec. 119. Sj/st. 144. Luthv. 393.

53. Ammi.
Linn. Gen. 297. Spec. 243. Sj/st. 297. Ludw. 697. Mill. i. 35.
Weinm. tab. 99, 100. Toum. tab. 159.

Ammoides. Boerh.

54. Amomum.
Linn. Gen. 2. Spec. 1. Syst. 2. Ludw. 170. Weinm. tab. 101.

Zingiber. Boerh.

55. Amorpha.
Linn. Gen.lGS. Spec. 7 13. Sys*. 768. Ludw. 286.

56. Amygdalus.
Linn. Gen. 545. Sy^c. 472. Syst. 545.
Amygdalus. Tourn. tab. 402. Blackw. 105. Ludw. 596.
Mill. i. 35. Schaeff. A. 185. Weinm. tab. 101, 102.

Persica. Tourn. tab. 400. Blackw. tab. i 01. Ludw. 597. Mill,
ii. 115. Schaeff. A. 186. Weinrn. tab. 707.

57. Amyris.
Linn. Syst. No. 1130. p. 1367.100.

58. Anabasis.

Linn. Gen. 276. Spec. 223. Syst. 276.

59. Anacardium.
Linn. Gen. 467. Spec. 383. Syst. 467. Blackw. 369. Ludw.
1021
Acajou. Tourn. tab. 435. Mill. i. 13. iii. 8. Weinm. tab. 104.

60. Anacyclus.
Linn. Gen. 869. Spec. 892. Sjfrf. 869. Ludw. 312.
Santalinoides. Vaill.
Cotula. Tourn. tab. 282.

61. Anagallis.

Linn. Gen. 189. Spec. 148. Sj/tf. 189. Blackw. tab. 43.274.
Hall. 481. Ludw. 41. Mill. i. 36. iii. 17. Schaeff. A. 327.

Tourn. tab. 59, Weinm. tab, 106, 107.

 174. TABLE II.

62. Anagyris.

Linn. Gen. 4-57. Spec. 374. Syst. 457. Ludw. 635. Mill. i. 37.
Weinm. tab. 108, 109. Tourn. tab. 415.

63. Anastatica.

Linn. Gen. 715. Spec. 641. Syst. 7 15. Ludw. 426.

64. Anchusa.
Linn. Gen. 167. Spec. 133. Syst. 167. Blackw. /afe. 1 12. Mill. i.

47. Weinm. tab. 117.

Buglossum. Tourn. tab. 53. Hall. 523. Ludw. 32. Mill. i. 146.
Schasff. A. 37. Weinm. tab. 271.
Alcanna. Off. SchaefF. A. 42.

65. Andrachne.
Linn. Gen. 973. Spec. 1014. Sj/st. 973. Ludw. 862. Mill. iii. 19.

Telephioides. Tourn. Mill. ii. 314.

66. Andromeda.
Linn. Gen. 485. Spec. 393. Sj/st. 4S5.
Ledum. Mich. Hall. 217.

Chamjedaphne. Buxb.
POLIIFOLIA. Buxb.
Ericje Species. Tourn. tab. 373. B. Ludw. 139.

67. Andropogon.
Linn. Gen. 1014. Spec. 1045. Syst. 1014.

68. Androsace.
Linn. Gen. 179. Spec. 141. Syst. 179. Ludw. 44. Mill. Hi. 20.
Tourn. tab. 46.

69. Andryala.
Linn. Gen. 820. Spec. 808. Sysf. 820. Ludw. 342.
Eriophorus. Vaill.

70. Anemone.
Linn. Gen. 614. Spec. 538. Syst. 614. Ludw. 756.
Anemone. Tourn. tab. 147. Hall. 321. Mill. i. 47. Weinm. tab,
118-128.
 TABLE II. 173

Anemonoides. Dill. Mill. iii. 20.

Anemone-Ranunculus. Dill.

Trinitas. Hall. 320. Hepatica. Dill. Blackw. tab. 207. Mill.

i. 401. Schaeff. A. 260. Weinm. tab. 570.
Pulsatilla. Toum. tab. 14S. Mill. ii. 168. Weinm. tab. 838-840.

71. Anethum.
Linn. Gen. 326. Spec. 263. Syst. 326.
Anethum. Toum. tab. 169. Ludw. 657. Mill. i. 50. Schaeff. A.
336. Weinm. tab. 129.

Fceniculum. Toum. tab. 164. Blackw. tab. 288. Hall. 425.

Ludw. 669. Mill. i. 326. Schseff. A. 237. Weinm. tab. 513.

72. Angelica.
Linn. Gen. 309. Spec. 250. Syst. 309. Hall. 445. Ludw. 661.
Mill. i. 50. iii. 2J. Schseff. A. 239. Toum. tab. 167. Weinm.
tab. 130-136.
73. Annona.
Linn. Gen. 613. Spec. 536. Syst. 613.
Guanabanus. Plum. Mill. i. 384. iii. 125.
Anona. Ludw. 744.
74. Anthemis.
Linn. Gen. 870. Spec. 893. Syst. 870.
Cham.emelum. Toum. tab. 28 1. Blackw. tab. 67. Hall. 716.
Ludw. 357. Mill. i. 200. Chamomilla. Off. Schseff. A. 127.

Weinm. tab. 362-364.

B phth A i M v m Toum.. tab. 282. Ludw. 362. MilLi. 149.
Anthemis. Mich.
75. Anthericum.
Linn. Gen. 3S0. Spec. 310. Syst. 380. Hall. 291.

PhalangiuM. Tourn. tab. 193. Mill. ii. 134. Ludw. 713. Weinm,
tab. 807.

Bulbing. Linn. edit, prior. Asphodelitis. Boerh.

76. Anthoceros.
Linn. Gen. 1064. Spec. 1 139. Syst. 1064. Hall. 127. Ludw. 981.

77. Antholyza.
Linn. Gen. 56. Spec. 37. Syst. 56,
17S TABLE H.

78. Anthospermum.
Linn. Gen. 1029. Spec. 1053. Syst. 1029. Ludw. 1035. MilL
iii, 22.
ToURNEFORTIA. Poilt.

79. Anthoxanthum.
Linn. Gen. 40. Spec. 28. Syst. 40. Hall. 230. Ludw. 812.

80. Anthyllis.
Linn. Gere. 773. Spec. 719. Syst.lTS. Ludw. 475. Weinm. tab.

142.
Vulneraria. Tourn. tab. 211. Hall. 569. Mill. ii. 46G.
Ekinacea. Tourn.
Earba Jovis. Boerh.

81. Antidesma.
Linn. Gen. 985. Spec. 1027. Syst. 985.

82. Antirrhinum.
Linn, fifes. 668. Spec. 612. 5ysf. 668. Hall. 613. Ludw. 247.
Antirrhinum. Tourn. tab. 75. Mill. i. 60. Weinm. tab. 1 44.
Linaria. Tourn. tab. 76. Blackw. 1 1 5 . Hall. 613. Mill. i.

518. SchajfF. A. 78. Weinm. tab. 664, 665.

Asarina. Tourn. tab. 76.
Elatine. Riv. Blackw. tab. 170. Weinm. tab. 476.

83. Aphanes.
Linn. Gen. 154. Spec. 123. Syst. 154. Ludw. 770.
Percepier. Dill. Hall. 184.

84. Aphyllanthes.
Linn. Gen. 369. Spec. 294. Syst. 369. Ludw. 725. Tourn. tab
430.

85. Apium.
Linn. Gen. 329. Spec. 264. Syst. 329. Blackw. tefr, 172. Hatl.
427. Ludw. 695. Mill, i, 63. Tourn. tab. 1 60. Schaeff. A. 226.
Weinm. tab. 150.

86. Apluda.
Lisa. Gen. 89. Spec. 82. Syst. No. 89. p. 1306. 1383.
 TABLE II. 177

S7. Apocynum.
Linn. Gen. 269. Spec. '213. Syst. 269. Ludw. 98. Mill. i. 67
iii. 23. Tourn. tab. 20. Weinm. tab. 151.

88. Aquilegia.
Linn. Gen. 605. Spec. 533. Syst. 605. Hall. 310. Ludw. 752.
Mill. i. 71. iii. 25. Schaeff. A. 259. Tourn. tab. 242. Weinm.
tab. 160-164.

89. Arabis.
Linn. Gen. 732. Spec. 664. Syst. 732. Ludw. 414. Hall. 561.

90. Arachis.
Linn. Gen. 787. Spec. 741. Sysf. 787. Ludw. 483. Mill. iii. 26.

Akachidna. Plum. Weinm.

Arachidnoides. Niss.

91. Aralia.
Linn. Gen. 346. Spec. 273. Syst. 346. Ludw. 548. Mill. i. 72.

Tourn. tab. 154.

92. Arbutus.
Linn. Gen. 488. Spec. 395. Syst. 488.
Arbutus. Tourn. tab. 368. Hall. 415. Ludw. 140. Mill. i. 73.
Weinm. tab. 166.

Uva Ursi. Tourn. tab. 370. Hall. 415. Mill. ii. 466. SchaefT.

A. 43.

93. Arctium.
Linn. Gen. 830. Spec. 816. 830. Hall. 675.

Lappa. Tourn. tab. 256. Ludw. 324.

IUrdana. Dod. Blackw. tab. 117. Schaeff. A. 99. Weinm. tab.

231.

94. Arctopus.
Linn. Gen. 1030. Spec. 1058. Syst. 1030.

95. Arctotis.
Linn. Gen. 886 Spec. 922. Syst. 886. Mill. iii. 26.

N
17S TABLE If.

Anthotheca. Vaill.

Anemonospermos. Boerh. Ludw. 363. Mill. i. 50.

96. Aeeca.
Linn. Gen. 1090. Spec. 1189. Syst. 1090.

97. Akenaria.
Linn. Gen. 505. Spec. 423. Syst. 505.

Alsine. Hall. 385-387. Ludw. 569.

98. Arethusa.
Linn. Gen. 905. Spec. 950. Syst. 905.

Orchidion. Mitch.

99. Aretia.

Linn. Gen. 17S. Spec. 141. Syst. 178. Hall. 485. Ludw. 44.

100. Argemone.
Linn. Gen. 574. Spec. 508. Syst. 574. Ludw. 448. Mill. i. 73.
Tourn. tab. 121.

101. Aristida.
Linn. Gen. 88. Spec. 82. Syst. 88.

102. Aristolochia.

Linn. Gen. 911. Spec. 960. Syst. 911. Blackw. 255-257.

Hall. 196. Ludw. 283. Mill. i. 74. Tourn. tab. 7 1. Schajff. A.

52. Wcinm. tab. 167, 168.

103. Arnica.
Linn. Gen. 861. Spec. 884. %«. 861.
Gerbera. Linn. edit, prior. Ludw. 356. Weinm. tab. 469.

104. Artedia.
Linn. Gen. 295. Spec. 242. Syst. 295. Ludw. 667.
'*,'< K J *

105. Artemisia.

Linn. Gfe». 849. %c. 845. Syst. S49. Ludw. 296. Hall. 694.
Artemisia. Tourn. tab. 260. Mill. i. 75. Schaeff. A. 103. Weinm.
tab. 170, 171.
 TABLE II. 179

Abrotanum. Tourn. Mill. i. G. Hi. -1, SchaefF. A. 104. Weinm.

tub. t-6.

Absinthium. Tourn. tab. 260. Blackw. tab. 17. Mill. i. 8. SchsefF.

A. 105. Weinm. tab. 7-9.

Draco. Boerh. Dracunculus. Bauh. Blackw. tab. 116.

106. Arum.
Linn. Gen. 915. Spec. 964. Syst. 915. Hall. 260. Ludw. 810.
Arum. Tourn. tab. 69. Blackw. tab. 228. Hall. 261. Mill. i. 77.
SchEeff. A. 53. Weinm. tab. 172-177.
Arisarum. Tourn- tab. 70. Mill. i. 74. iii. 27. Weinm. tab. 169.

Colocasia. Boerh.
Dra cunculus. Tourn. tab. 70. Blackw. tub. 269. Mill. i. 277.
Weinm. tab. 472.

107. Arundo.
Linn. Gen. 87. Spec. SI. Syst. 87. Hall. 221. Ludw. 829. Mill,
i. 78. iii. 28. Weinm. tab. 178-180.

108. Asarum.
Linn. Gen. 522. Spec. 442. Syst. 522.
Asarum. Tourn. tab. 286. Blackw. tab. 359. Hall. 195. Ludw.
801. Mill. i. 79. iii. 29. SchsefF. A. 268. Weinm. tab. 181.

Hupocistus. Tourn. tab. 477. Ludw. 804. Mill. i. 421.

109. Asclepias.
Linn. Gen. 270. Spec. 214. Syst. 270.

Asclepias. Tourn. tab. 22. Blackw. tab. 96. Hall. 525. Ludw.
99. Mill. i. 80. iii. 29.

Apocynum. Tourn. tab. 21. Weinm. tab. 152, seq.

Vincetoxicum. Off. Schaeff. A. 35. Weinm. tab. 1011. a, b.

1 10. Ascyrum.
Linn. Gen. 809. Spec. 7 87. Syst. 809. Mill. i. 80.

Hypericoides. Plum. Ludw. 453.

111. ASPALATHUS.

Linn. Gen. 767. Spec. 711. Syst. 767.

Achyronia. Royen.
J
Ludw. 476.
N2

V
 180 TABLE H.

1 12. Asparagus.
Linn. Gen. 382. Spec. 313. Syst. 382. Blackw. tab. 332. Ludw.
730. Mill. i. 81. iii. 29. Schaeff. A. 24-6. Tourn. tab. 154.

Weinm. tab. 182.

1 13. Asperugo.
Linn. Gen. 173. %c. 138. Sj/st. 173. Hall. 522. Ludw. 40.
Mill. i. 84. Tourn. tab. 54.

Aparine Major. Weinm. tab. 148. a.

114. Asperula.
Linn. Gen. 113. Spec. 103. Syst. 113.
Rubeola. Hall. 457.

115- Asfhodelus.

Linn. Gen. 379. Spec. 309. 379. Blackw. tab. 233-238.

Ludw.119. Mill. i. 85. Schaeff. A. 1 2. Tourn. tak 178. Weinm.
tab. 184.

1 J 6. Asplenium.
Linn. Gen. 1042. Spec. 1078. Syst. 1042. Hall. 134. Ludw. 943.
Asplenium. Tourn. tab. 318. Mill. i. 85.

Lingua Cervina. Tourn. tab. 319. Blackw. tab. 138. Weinm..

tab. 667, seq.

Trichomanes. Tourn. tab. 315. a, b. Blackw. tab. 370. Weinm,

tab. 26. d.

117. Aster.

Linn. Gen. 858. Spec. 872. Syst. 858. Hall. 725. Ludw. 352.
Mill. i. 86. iii. 30- Tourn. tab. 274. Weinm. tab. 187-196.
Aster. Vaill.

Helerium. Vaill.

Asteropterus. Vaill.

1 18. Astragalus.
Linn. Gen. 799. Spec. 755. Syst. 799. Hall. 565.
Astragalus. Tourn. lab. 233. Ludw. 508. Mill. i. 90. iii. 31.
Weinm. tab. 196.

Tragacantha. Tourn. tab. 234. Blackw. tab. 264. Ludw. 639.

Mill. ii. 343. Weinm. tab. 977. d.
 TABLE H. 181

1 19. ASTRANTIA.
Linn. Gen. 290. Spec. 235. Si/si. 290. Hall. 439. Ludw. 655.
Mill. i. 90. Tourn. tab. 166.

120. Athamanta.
Linn. Gen. 301. Spec. 244-. Sj/st. 301.

Meum. Tourn. tab. 165. Hall. 426. Ludw. 677. Mill. ii. 47.
SchaefF. A. 234. Weinm. tab. 729. a.

Oreoselinum. Tourn. tab. 169. Ludw. 665. Mill. ii. 93. S»u-
nl'm. Hall. 143,

121. Atractylis.
Linn. Gen. 837. Spec. 829. Syst. 837. Ludw. 365,
Crocodilodes. Vaill.

122. Atragene.
Linn. Gen. 615. Spec. 542. Si/st. 615.

123. Atuaphaxis.
Linn. Gen. 405. S/>ec, 333. Sj/st. 405. Ludw. 371. Mill. iii. 27.

124. Atriplex.

Linn. Gen. 1021. Spec. 1052. Syst. 1021. Blackw. /aft. 99, 100,
Tourn. tab. 286. Hall. 173. Ludw. 775. Mill. i. 91. iii. 31.

Schseff. A. 275. Weinm. tab. 200-204.

i

125. Atropa.
Linn. Gen. 222. Spec. 181. Spec. 222.

Belladona. Tourn. tab. 13. Hall. 508. Ludw. 90. Mill. i. 117.

iii. 38. Schaeff. A. 38. Weinm. tab. 235.

126. Avena.
Linn. Gen. 85. Spec. 79. 85. Hall. 222, 223. Ludw. 830.
Mill. i. 93. iii. 31. SchaefF. A. 302. Tourn. tab. 297. Weinm.
tab. 205.

127. Averrhoa.
Linn. Gen. 511. Spec. 428. Sys/. 511. Ludw. 578.
182 TABLE II.

128. AviCENNIA.

Linn. Gen. 125. Spec. 110. Syst. 125. Ludw. 1(5.

129. Axyris.
Linn. Gen. 929. -Spec. y79. 929.

130. Ayenia.

Linn. Syst. No. 1 164. />. 1378. 1247.

131. Azalea.
Linn. Gen. 195. -Spec. 150. Syst. 195. Hall. 416. Ludw. 71.
Ledum. Hall. 417.

CHAMiERHODODENDROS. Touill.

132. Baccharis.

Linn. Gen. 853. Spec. 860. Syst. 853. Mill. hi. 34.

Conyza. Ludw. 306.

133. BiECKEA.

Linn. Gen, 442. Spec. 358. Syst. 442.

134. Ballot a.
Linn. Gen. 639. Spec. 582. Syst. 639.
Ballote. Tourn. tab. 85. Blackw. tab. 136. Hall. 648. Ludw.
204. Mill. i. 100. Weinm. tab, 711. b.
Marrubiastrum. Riv.

135. Banisteria.
Linn. Ge??. 509. Spec. 4,21. Syst. 509. Ludw. 568. Mill. i. 101.

136. Barleria.

Linn. Goj. 703. Spec. 636. Syst. 703. Ludw. 230. Mill. i. 1.09.

iii. 35.

137. Barreria.
Linn. Gen. 347. Spec. 274. Syst. 347. Ludw. 1038.

138. Bartramia.
Lin. Gen. 480. .Spec. 398. Syst. ...
 TABLE II. 183

139. Bartsia.
Linn. Gen. 657. Spec. 602. Syst. 657. Ludw. 243.
Stjehelina. Hall. 624.

14-0. Basella.
Linn. Gen. 343. Spec. 272. Si/St. 343. Ludw. 27. Mill. i. 110.

141. Batis.

Linn. Syst. No. 1 152. p. 1380. 1289.

142. Bauhinia.
Linn. Gen. 459. Spec. 374. Syst. 459. Ludw. 645. Mill. i. 112.

iii. 36.

143. Begonia.
Linn. Gen. 1024. Spec. 1056. Syst. 1024. Ludw. 1044. Tourn.
tab. 442.

144. Bellis.
Linn. Gen. 864. Spec. 886. Syst. 864. Blackw. 200. Hall
722. Ludw. 347. Mill. i. 118. SchsefK A. 117. Tourn. tab.

2S0. Weinm. tab. 236, 237.

145. Bellonia.
Linn. Gen. 207. Spec. 172. 207. Ludw. 1013. Mill. i. 118.

146. Berberis.

Linn. Gen. 399. Spec. 330. Syst. 399. Blackw. tab. 165. Hall.

424. Ludw. 729. Mill. i. 119. SchaefF. A. 258. Tourn. tab

385. Weinm. tab. 240.

147. Besleria.
Linn. Gen.673. Spec. 619. Syst. 673. Ludw. 263. Mill. i. 122.

148. Beta.
Linn. Gen. 274. Spec. 222. Syst. 274. Blackw. tab. 235. Ludw.
777. Mill. i. 123. Sch<eft. A. 277. Tourn. 286. Weinm. tab.

241, 242.
184 TABLE II.

149. Betonica.

Linn. Gen. 631. Spec. 573, Syst. 631. Blackw. tab. 46. Hall.

645. Ludw. 203. Mill. i. 123. Schseff. A. 67. Tourn. tab.

96. Weinra. tab. 243.

150. Betula.
Linn. Gen. 933. Spec. 982. Syst. 933.
Betula. Tourn. tab. 360. Blackw. tab. 240. Hall. 158. Ludw.
879. Mill. i. 124. Schaeff. A. 292. Weinm. tab. 244.
Alnus. Tourn. tab. 359. Hall. 157. Ludw. 878. Mill. i. 27.
iii. 11. Weinm. tab. 40, 41.

151. Bidens.
Linn. Gen. 840. Spec. 831. Syst. 840. Hall. 709. Ludw. 313.
Mill. i. 124. Tourn. tab. 262.
Ceratocephalus. Vaill.

152. BlGN'ONIA.
Linn. Gen. 677. Spec. 622. Syst. 677. Ludw. 1025. Mill. i. 125.
Tourn. tab. 72.

Gelseminum. Weinm. *a&. 530. c.

153. Biscutella.
Linn. Gen. 724. Spec. 652. Syst. 724. Hall. 541. Ludw. 420.
Thlaspidium. Tourn. tab. 101. Mill. ii. 331.
Perspicilllm. Heist.

154. Biserrula.
Linn. Gen. 800. Spec. 7 62. Sysf. 800.
Pelecinus. Tourn. 234. Ludw. 509. Mill. ii. 111.

155. Bixa.
Linn. Gen. 581. Spec. 512. Syst. 581. Ludw. 7 49.

156. Bueria.
Linn. Gen. 130. Spec. 112. Sj/s/. 130.

157. Blakea.

Linn. No. 1141. p. 1370, 1044.

 TABLE II. 185

158. Blasia.
Linn. Gen. 1062. Spec. 1138. Syst. 1062. Ludw. 984.

159. Blechnum.
Linn. Gen. 1039. Spec. 1077. Syst.J.039.

160. Blitum.
Linn. Gen. 14. Spec. 4. Syst. 14. Hall. 774.
Chenopodiomorus. Boerh. Mill. i. 205.
Morocarpus. Rup. Ludw. 761.

161. Bo BART I A.

Lin. Gen. 66. Spec. 54. Syst. 66.

162. Bocconia.
Linn. Gen. 569. Spec. 505. Sj/st. 569. Ludw. 459. Mill. i. 132.

163. BOERHAVIA.
Linn. Gen. 9. Spec. 3. Syst. 9. Ludw. 6. Mill. iii. 41.
Antanisophyllum. Vaill.

164. Boletus.

Linn. Gen. 1075. Spec. 1176. Syst. 1075. Gled. tab. iii. Schaeff.

B. 870.
Suillus. Mich. Hall. 29. Ludw. 964. Fungus. Tourn. tab.

328.
Polyporus. Mich. Hall. 25. Ludw. 965.
Agarico-Polyporus. Hall. 26.

Ceriomyces. Acaricus. Battarr. tab. iv. xxxviii.

165. Bombax.
Linn. Gen. 580. Spec. 511. Syst. No. 580. p. 1141.
Xylon. Linn. edit, prior. Ludw. 523.
Ceiba. Plum. Mill. i. 188. iii. 54.

166. Bontia.

Linn. Gen. 709. -Spec. 638. 5^.709. Ltidw. 1026. Mill. i. 133.
180 TABLE II.

167. Borago.
Linn. Gen. 172. Spec. 137. Syst. 172.

Borrago. Tourn. tab. 53. Blackw. tab. 36. Hall. 524. Ludw.
31. Mill. L 134. iii. 42. SchaefF. A. 39. Weinm. tab. 253,
254.
Borraginoides. Boerh. Cynoglossoides. Isnard.

168. Borassus.

Lin. Gen. 1085. Spec. 1 187. Syst. 1085.

Ampana. H. M. Carimpana. H. M.

169. BORBONIA.

Linn. Gen. 764. Spec.101. Syst. 764-. Ludw. 638.

170. Bosea.

Linn. Gen. 28tf. Spec. 225. Syst. 280. Ludw. 781. Mill. iii. 42.

171. Brabeium.
Linn. Gen. 149. Spec. 121. Syst. 149. Ludw. 391. Mill. iii. 43.

172. Brass i c a.
Linn. Gen. 734. Spec. 666. Syst. 734.
Brassica. Tourn. fa&, 106. Ludw. 405. Mill. j. 137. Schaeff". A.
151. Weinm. tab. 256.
Rapa. Tourn. tab. 1 1 3. Blackw. tab. 226. Ludw. 406. Mill. ii.

189. SchaefF. A. 1 52. Weinm. tab. 859.

Napus. Tourn. Blackw. tab. 224. Mill. ii. 66. Weinm. tab,

746. a.

173. Breynia.

Linn. Ge?*.566. Spec. 503. Syst. ...Ludw. 451. Mill. i. 144.

174. Briza.
Linn. Gen. 78. Spec. 70. Syst. 78. Ludw. 837.

175. Bromelia.
Linn. Gen. 356. Spec. 285. Syst. 356.

Ananas. Tourn. tab. 426, 427, 428. Ludw. 381. Mill. i. 37. iii.

17. Weinm. tab. 110-116. . .

 TABLE H. 187

Karatas. Plum. Mill. i. 4-7 1.

PlNGLIN. Dill.

176. Bromus.
Linn. Gen. 83. Spec. 76. Sj/st. 83. Hall. 227. Ludw. 834.
MiilLOVS. Dill.

177. Brossjea.
Linn. Gen. 1095. Spec. 1190. Sj/st. 1095. Ludw. 1047.

178. Browallia.
Linn. Gen. 691. Sped. 631. Sj/st. 691. Ludw. 237.

179. Brunia.
Linn. Gen. 242. Spec. 199. Syst. 242. Ludw. 514.

180. Brunsfelsia.
Linn. Gen. 230. Spec. 191. Sytf. 230. MilJ. i. 145.
Brunfelsia. Plum. Ludw. 93.

181. Bryonia.

Linn. Gen. 970. Spec. 1012. Sj/st. 970. Blackw. tafc. 37. Hall.

505. Ludw. 856. Mill. i. 145. Schaeff. A. 22. Tourn. tab. 28.

Weinm. tab. 269.

182. Bryum.
Linn. Gen. 1057. Spec. 1115. Sytf. 1057. Ludw. 957.

183. Bubon.
Linn. Gen. 312. Spec. 253. Sy.rt. 312. Ludw. 687.

184. BuCEPHALON.
Linn. Gen. 1096. Spec. 1 190. Sjrsf. 1096. Ludw. 1043.

165. BlJCHNERA.
Linn. Gen. 690. Spec. 630. Syst. No. 580. 690. Ludw. 20.

186. Bucida.
Linn. Gen. No. 1135. p. 1368. 1025.
188 TABLE II.

* 187. BuDDLEIA.

Linn. Gen. 131. Spec. 1 12. Sj/st. 131. Ludw. 21.

188. BUFONIA.

Linn. Gen. 41. Spec. 123. Sj/s*. 42.

Alsinoides. Rai.

189. Bulbocodium.
Linn. Gen. 36S. Spec. 294-. 368. Ludw. 727. Mill. i. 149.

190. Bunias.

Linn. Gen. 737. S/>ec. 669. Sj/s*. 737.

Ekucago. Tourn. tab. 103. Ludw. 430. Mill. i. 301.

191. Bunium.
Linn. Gen. 298. Spec. 243. Syst. 298. Ludw. 686.
Bulbocastanum. Tourn. tab. 161. Hall. 782. Mill. i. 148.

Weinm. tab. 273.

192. Buphthalmum.
Lin. Gen. 876. Spec. 903. S$«*. 876. Hall. 710. Ludw. 362.
Buphthalmum. Tourn. tab. 282. Mill. i. 149.
Asteriscus. Tourn. tub. 283. Blackw. tab. 272. Mill. i. 88.

Asteroides. Tourn. tab. 487. Mill. i. 88.

193. BUPLEURUM.
Linn. Gen. 291. Spec. 236.- Syst.29l. Tourn. tab. 163. Hall. 436.
Ludw. 685. Mill. i. 150. iii. 44. Weinm. tab. 27 3. 1.

Beufoliata. Riv. Blackw. toft. 95. Schaeff.A. 230. Weinm.

/at. 801. b, c, d.

194. Burmannia.
Linn. Gen, 359. Spec. 287. Syst. 359. Ludw. 380.

195. Butomus.
Linn. Gen. 455. Spec. 372. Sj/s*. 455. Hall. 299. Ludw. 387,
Mill. i. 151. Tourn. tab. 143.

196. BUXBAUMIA.
Linn. Syst. 1332.
 TABLE H. 189
>

197. Buxus.
Linn. Gen. 93*. Spec. 983. Syst. 934. Blackw. tab. 196. Hall.
163. Ludw. 881. Mill. i. 151. Schaeff. A. 285. Tourn. tab.

345. Weinm. tab. 215.

198. Byssus.
Linn. Gen. 1071. Spec. 1168. Syst. 1071.
Aspergillus. Mich. Hall. 6.

Botrytis. Mich. Hall. 7.

Embolus. Hall. 8.

199. Byttneria.
Linn. Syst. No. 1 125. p. 1365. 939.

200. Cacalia.
Linn. Gen. 841. S/>ec. 834. Sytf. 841.
Cacalia. Tourn. tab. 258. Mill. iii. 44.
Cacalianthemum. Dill. Mill. i. 152. Kleixia. Linn. edit.

prior. Mill. iii. 151.

Porophyllum. Vaill.

201. Cachuys.
Linn. Gen. 304. Spec. 246. Syst. 304. Ludw. 688. Mill. i. 158,
Tourn. tab. 172.

202. Cactus.
Linn. Gen. 539. Spec. 466. Syst. 539. Mill. iii. 45.

Cereus. Juss. Ludw. 162. Mill. i. 196. iii. 59. Weinm. tab. 354.
358.
Opuntia. Tourn. tab. 122. Ludw. 163. Mill. ii. 90. Weinm.
tab. 766. Tuna. Dill.

Melocactus. Tourn. tab. 425. Ludw. 161. Mill. ii. 38. Weinm.
tab. 474.
Pereskia. Plum. Ludw. 164. Mill. ii. 112.

203. ClSALPINA.
Linn. Gen. 463. Spec. 380. Syst. 463. Ludw. 1049. Mill. i. 158.

204. Calamus.
Linn. Gen. 395. Spec. 325. Syst. 395.
190 TABLE IL

205. Calendula.
Linn. Gen. 885. Spec. 921. Syst. 885. Blackvv. tab. 106. Weinm.
282, seq.
Caltiia. Tourn. tab. 284. Hall. 722. Ludw. 348. Mill. i. 1G1.

iii. 48. SchsefE A. 1 .32.

DlMORPIIOTHECA. Vaill.

206. Calla.
Linn. Ge». 917. Spec. 968. Sys>. 917. Ludw. 811.
Proven zali a. Petit.

Anguina. Trew.
207. Callicarpa.
Linn. Gen. 127. Spec. 111. Syst. 127.
Spondylococcos. Mitch.

208. Calligonum.
Linn. Gen. 601. Spec. 530. Sj/st. 601. Ludw. 805.
Polygonoides. Tourn. tab. 47 8.

209. Callitriche.
Linn. Gen, 13. .Spec. 969. Sj/st. 13.

Stellaria. Dill.

210. Calophyllum.
Linn. Gen. 586. Spec. 513. 586.
Calaba. Plum. Mill. i. 1 60. Ludw. 455.

211. Caltha.
Linn. Gen. 623. .Spec. 558. Syst. 623. Weinm. tab. 184.

Populago. Tourn. tab. 145. Hall. 319. Ludw. 624. Mill. ii.

157.

212. Calycanthus.
Linn. Syst. No. 1 144. p. 137 1. 1066.

21 3. Cambogia.
Linn. Gen. 576. tyec. ... Syst. 576. Blackw. ta£>. 392.

214. Camellia.
Linn. Gen, 159. Spec. 698. -Sy^. 759. Ludw. 154.
 TABLE II. 191

215. Cam ek aria.

Linn. Gen. 264. Spec. 210. Syst. 26+. Ludw. 105. Mill. iii. 48.

216. Camocladia.
Linn. Syst. iVo. 1 109. p. 1360. 861.

217. Campanula.
Linn. Gen. 201. Spec. 163. 201. Hall. 490. Ludw. 63.
Mill. i. 162. iii. 48. Tourn. tub. 37. Weinni. tab. 2S6-294.

218. Camphorosma.
Linn. Gen. 152. Spec. J 22. Syst. 152.

Cam phorata. Tourn. Ludw. 765. Mill. i. 165.

219. Canna.
Linn. Gen. I. Spec. 1. Syst. 1. Ludw. 168. Weinm. tab. 296-
298.
Cannacorus. Tourn. taft. 192. Mill. i. 166.

220. Cannabis.
Linn. Gen. 988. Spec. 1027. Sj/st. 988. Blackw. taZ>. 322. Ludw.
925. Mill. i. 165. Schseff'. A. 278. Tourn. tab. 309. Weinm.
tub. 299.
221. Capfaris.
Linn. Gen. 567. Spec. 503. Syst. 567. Ludw. 458. Mill. i. 167.
Schaeff. A. 156. Tourn. tab. 139. Weinm. tab. 303.

222. Capraria.
Linn. Gen. 686. Spec. 628. 686. Ludw. 17.

Sa.moloides. Boerh. Mill. ii. 231.

223. Capsicum.
Linn. Gen. 225. Spec. 188. Syst. 225. Blackw. tab. 129. Ludw.
88. Mill. i. 168. Tourn. tab. 66.

*
224. Cardamine.
Linn. Gen. 727. Spec. 654. Syst. 727. Blackw. tab. 223. Hall.

557. Ludw. 415. Mill. i. 170. Tourn. tab. .109. Weinni. tab.

751. c.

/
 192 TABLE II.

225. Cardiospermum.
Linn. Gen. 447. Spec. 366. Syst. 447. Ludw. 442.
Corindum. Tourn. tab. 240. Mill. i. 229.
Vesicaria. Riv.

226. Carduus.
Linn. Gen. 832, Spec. 820. Syst. 832. Ludw. 321. SchsefF. A.
97, 98. Weinm. tab. 308, seq.

Carduus. Vaill. Blackw. tab. 7 9. Hall. 676.

PoLYACANTHA. Vaill.

Silybum. Vaill. Hall. 6S4.

Cirsium. Tourn. tab. 255. Mill. i. 210. lii. 64.

Eriogephalus. Vaill.

227. Carex.
Linn. Gen. 928. Spec. 972. Syst. 928. Ludw. 869.
Cyperoides. Tourn. tab. 300. Hall. 234.

Carex. Dill. Mich.

Ulva. Hall. 242.

228. Carica.
Linn. Gen. 1000. Spec. 1036. Syst. 1000.
Papaya. Tourn. tab. 441. Ludw. 906. Mill. ii. 106.

229. Carlina.
Linn. Gen. 836. Spec. 928. Syst. 836. Hall. 685. Ludw. 317.
Mill.i. 171, Schaeff. A. 1 00. Tourn. tab. 285. Weinm. tab. 319.
Carlina. Vaill.

Carlinoides. Vaill.

230. Carpesium.
Linn. Gen. 852. Spec. 859. Syst. 852.
Conyzoides. Tourn.

231. Carpinus.
Linn. Gen. 952. Spec. 99S. Syst, 952. Hall. 158. Ludw. 889.
Mill. i. 172. Tourn. tab. 348. Weinm. tab. 319. c.

Ostrya. Mich.

232. Carthamus.

Linn. Gen. 838. Spec. 830. Syst. 838. Ludw. 325. Mill.i. 173.
Scheeff. A. 96. Tourn. tab. 258. Weinm. tab. 320.
 TABLE II. 193

Carthamus. Vaill.

Atuactylis. Vaill. Hall. 685.

Carthamoides. Vaill.

233. Carum.
Linn. Gen. 327. Spec. 263. Si/st. 327. Hall. 428. Ludw. 671.
Carui. Tourn. tab. 160. Mill. i. 173. Schaell". A. 231. Weinm.
tub. 321.

234-. Caryophyllus.
Linn. Gen. 594. Spec.5\5. Syst. 594. Ludw. 449. Weinm. tab. 324.
Caryophyllus Aromaticus. Tourn. tab. 432. Blackw. tab. 338.
Caryophyllodendron. Vaill.

235. Caryota.
Linn. Gen. 1092. Spec. 1189. 5to#. 1092.
Schunda-Pana. H. M.
236. Cassia.
Linn. Gen. 461. Spec. 376. Syst. 461. Ludw. 641.
Cassia. Tourn. tab. 392. Blackw. mi. 381. Mill. i. 179. iii. 51.
Wi inm. mi. 340.
Senna. Tourn. tab. 390. Mill. ii. 252. Weinm. tab. 915.

237. Cassine.
Linn. Gen. 333. Spec. 268. Syst. 333. Ludw. 113.
Maurocenia. Linn. edit, prior. Mill. iii. 181.

238. Cassytha.
Linn. Gen. 52. Spec. 35. Sj/sf. 52.

239. Catananche.
Linn. Gen. 824. Spec. 8 1 2. gpf*. 824. Ludw. 344.
Catanance. 'lourn. tab. 271. Mill. i. 184.

240. Catesb/Ea.
Linn. Gen. 121. Spec. 109. Syst. 121. Ludw. 1010. Mill. iii. 53.

241. Caucalis.
Linn. Gen. 294. Spec. 240. Syst. 294. Hall. 448. Ludw. 681.
Mill. i. 185. Tourn. tab. 171. Weinm. fad 344.

O
 TABLE II.

242. Ceanothus.
Linn Gen. 237
. . Spec. 195. Syst. 237.

243. Cecropia.
Linn. Gen. No. 117 1. p. 1380. 1286.

244. Cedrela.
Linn. Syst. No. 1 124. p. 1365. 940.

Cedro. Loefl.

245. Celastrus.
Linn. Gen. 239. Spec. 196. Syst. 239. Ludw. 524. Mill. i. 189.

iii. 54.

EuONYMOIDES. Isn.

246. Celosia.
* Linn. Gen. 255. Spec. 205. Syst. 255. Ludw. 515.
Stachyarpagophora. Vaill.

247. Celsia.
Linn. Gen. 675. Spec. 621. Syst. 675. Ludw. 255. Mill. iii. 55.
Thryallis. Sig.

248. Celtis.
Linn. Gen. 1012. Spec. 1043. Syst. 1012. Ludw. 7S2. Mill. i.

190. Tourn. tab. 383.

249. Cenchrus.
Linn. Gen. 1017. Spec. 1049. Syst. 1017. Ludw. 845.
PaNICASTKELLA. Midi.

250. Centaurea.
Linn. Gen. S80. Spec. 909. Sj/s*. 880. Ludw. 366.
Centaurium Majos. Tourn. tab. 256. Blackw. tab. 93. Mill. i.

191. iii, 56. Weinm. tab. 347.

Jacea/Toutii. tab. 254. Mill. i. 442. iii. 143.
Cyanus. Tourn. tab. 254. Blackw. ^5. 66. 270. Mill. i. 155.
SchaefF. A. 131. Weinm. tab. 451.
Calcitrapa. Vaill. Hall. 689.

Calcitrapoides. Vaill.
Rk\ponticum. Vaill. Blackw. tab. 93. Hall. 687.
 TABLE II. 195

Kit APONTICOIDES. Vaill.

Amherboi. Vaill.

Crocodiuum. Vaill.

251. Centunculus.
Linn. Gen. 135. Spec. 116. Syst. 135. Ludw. 18.
Anagallidastrum. Mich.

252. Cephalanthus.
Linn. Gen. 105. Spec. 95. Syst. 105. Ludw. 293. Mill. iii. 56.
Platanocephalus. Vaill.

253. Cerastium.
Linn. Gen. 518. .Spec. 437. Syst. 518. Ludw. 570.
Myosotis. Tourn. tab. 126. Hall. 383. Mill. ii. 63. Weinm.
tab. 740. a.

254. Ceratocarpus,
Linn. Gen. 921. Spec. 969. Syst. 921.

255. Ceratonia.
Linn. Gen. 983. Spec. 1026. Syst. 983. Ludw. 923.
Siliqua. Tourn. tab. 344. Blackw. tab. 209. Mill. ii. 260. iii"

58. Weinm. tab. 922. a.

256. Ceratophyllum.
Linn. Gen. 944. Spec. 992. Syst. 944. Hall. 202. Ludw. 886.
Hydroceratophyllum. Vaill.

Dychotophyllum. Dill.

257. Cerbera.
Linn. Gen. 260. Spec. 208. Syst. 260. Ludw. 79.
Ahovai. Tourn. tab. 434. Mill. i. 23. iii. 9.

258. Cehcis.
Linn. Gen. 458. Spec. 374. Syst. 458.
Siuquastrum. Tourn. tab. 414. Ludw. 646. Mill. ii. 261. Weinm.
tab. 922. b.

259. Cerinthe.
Linn. Gen. 171. Spec. 136. 171. Ludw. 34. Hall. 515.

O 2
W6 TABLE II.

Cerinthe. Tourn. tab. 56. Mill. i. 198. Weinm. tab. 359, 360-
Cekinthoides. Boerh.

260. Ceropegia.
Linn. Gen. 266. Spec. 211. Syst. 266. Ludw. 1018.

261. Cestrum.
Linn. Gen. 231. Spec. 191. Syst. 231. Ludw. 92. Mill. iii. 59.

262. Ch^rophyllum.
Linn. Gen. 320. Spec. 258. Sysf. 320. Hall. 452. Ludw. 675.
Mill. i. 198. Tourn. tab. 166.
Cerefolium. Schcefl'. A. 22+. Weinm. tab. 353.

263. Cham/erops.
Linn. Gen, 1084. %c. 1187. Sytf. 108 k Ludw; 382. Weinm.
/aft. 784.
Cham^riphes. Pont.
264. Chara.
Linn. Gen. 1066. Spec. 1156. %/. 1066. Hall. 196. Ludw. 954.
Hippuris. Dill.

265. Cheiuanthus.
Linn. Gen. 730. Spec. 661. Sytt. 730. Ludw. 412.
Gheiri. SchaefF. A. 154. Keiri. Rupp. Blackw. tab. 179.
Leucoium. Tourn. tab. 107. Mill. i. 502. Weinm. tab. 646.
*

266. Cheudonium.
Linn. Gen, 572. Spec. 505. Syst. 51 2.
CheliboniijM. Tourn. tab. 116. Blackw. tab. 91. Hall. 305.
Ludw. 447. Mill. i. 203. SchaeiF.A. 139. Weinm. tab. 366. a.

Glaucium. Tourn. tab. 130. Hall. 304. Ludw. 452. Mill. i.

370.
267. Chelone.
Linn. Gen. 666. Spec. 611. Syst. 666. Ludw. 240. Mill. i. 203.
Anonymos. Gron.

268. Chenopodium.
Linn. Gen. 273. Spec. 218. Syst. 27 3. Tourn. tab. 288. Hall. 17 I.

Ludw. 776. Mill. i..20k Blackw. tab. 311-314.

Bonus Henricus. Oil". Schaeff. A. 276.
 TABLE II. 197

269. Chruleria.
Litui. Gen. 506. Spec. 425. Syst. 506. HaU. 391. Ludw. 57 J.

270. Chiococca.
Linn. Syst. No. 1 120. p. 1363. 917.

271. Chionanthus,
Linn. Gen. jfrl. Spec. 8. Syst. 21. Ludw. 1009. Mill. iii. 61.

272. Chironia.
Linn. Gen. 227. %c. 189. Syst. 221. Ludw. 61.

273. Chonduilla.
Linn. Gen. 815. Spec. 796. Syst. S\5. Hall. 755. Ludw. 334.
Mill. i. 205. iii. 61. Tourn. tub. 268. Weinm. tab. 3o8.

274. Chrysanthemum.
Linn. Gen. 866. Spec. 887. Sj/st. 866. Ludw. 349.
Chrysanthemum. Tourn. tub. 280. Mill. i. 206. Weinm. tub.

37 I, seq.

Leucanthkmum. Tourn. tab. 492. Mill. i. 500. Weinm. tub. 238.

Bf.li.is Major. Blackw. tub. 42. Bellis Pratensis. Off.

SclvaefF. A. 126.
Bellidoides. Vaill.

Matricaria. Vaill. Tourn. Hall. 718. Ludw. 349.

Pyrethrum. Hall. 720.

/ 275. Chrysobalanus.
Linn. Gen. 585. Spec. 513. Syst. 585. Ludw. 59 S. Mill. iii. 62.
Icaco. Plum. Mill. i. 455.

276. Chrysocoma.

Linn. Gen. 845. Spec. 840. Si/st. 845. Hall. 703. Ludw. 307.
Mill. iii. 63.

Chrysocome. Dill. Coma Aurea. Boerh. Mill. i. 219. Weinm.

tab. 406.

277. Chrysogonum.
Linn. Gen. 883. Spec. 920. Syst. 883. Ludw. 364.
198 TABLE II.

278. Chrysophyllum.
Linn. Gen. 233. Spec. 192. Syst. 233. Ludw. S3. Mill. iii. 63.
Cainito. Plum. Mill. L'l 59.

279. Chrysosplenium.
Linn. Gen. 403. Spec. 398. Syst. 493. Hall. 189. Ludvv. 791.

If ill. i. 207. Tourn. tab. 60. Weinm. tab. 380.

280. Cicer.
Linn. Gen. 783. Spec. 738. Syst. 783.
Cicer. Tourn. tab. 210. Ludw. 480. Mill. i. 207. SchsefF. A.
160. Weinm. tab. 380, c. d.

Lens. Tourn. tab. 210. Hall. 601. Ludvv. 479. Mill. i. 497.
Schaeff.A. 159. Weinm. tab. 637. a, b.

281. ClCHORIUM.
Linn. Gen. 825. Spec. 813. Syst. 825. Blackw. tab. 177. 183.
Hall. 761. Ludw. 345. Mill. i. 207. ScheefF. A. 110. Tourn.
tab. 272. Weinm. tab. 381.

282. Cicuta.
Linn. Gen. 316. Spec. 255. Syst. 316.
Sium. Hall. 435. Ludw. 693. Mill. i. 209.

283. Cinchona.
Linn. Gen. 208. Spec. 172. Syst. 208. Ludvv. 1014.
Quinquina. Oft". Weinm. tab. 367. a.

284. Cinna.
Linn. Gen. 15. Spec. 5. Syst. 15.

285. Circjea.

Linn. Gen. 24. Spec. 9. Syst. 24. Hall. 456. Ludvv. 369. Mill. i.

210. Tourn. tab. 155. Weinm. tab. 389.

286. ClSSAMPELOS.

Linn. Gen. 993. Spec. 1031. Syst. No. 993. p. 129S.

Caapeba. Plum. Mill. i. 152.
 TABLE II. 199

287. Cissus.
Linn. Gen 137. . Spec. 117. Sj/st. 137.

288. Cistus.
Linn. Gen. 598. Spec. 523. St/st. 598.
Cistus. Tourn. tab. 136. Blackw. tab. 197. Ludvv. 590. Mill. i.

210. iii. Weinm. tab. 390.

65.
Helianthemum. Tourn. tab. 128. Hall. 358. Ludvv. 583. Mill.
i. .395. Weinm. tab. 390. e.

289. ClTH AREXVLUM.

Linn. Gen. 678. Spec. 625. Sytf. 678.

290. Citrus.
Linn. Gen. 807. Spec. 782. Si/st. 807. Ludvv. 605,
Citreum. Tourn. tab. 395, 396. Blackw. tab. 361. Mill. i. 212.
SchaefK A. 192. Weinm. tab. 703. a.

Aurantium. Tourn. tab. 3:)3, 394. Blackw. *a&. 349. Mill. i. 94.
iii. S07. Schaeff. A. 193. Weimn. tab. 701.
Limon. Tomn. tab. 39" . Blackw. tab. 362. Mill. i. 516. iii. 163.
Schaeff'. A. 194. Weinm. tab. 702. b.

291. Clathrus.
Linn. Gen. 1078. Spec. 1179. Si/st. 1078. Battarr. tab. ii. Gled,
toft. iv. Ludw. 969. Schaeff". B. § 70.
Clathrus. Mich.
Clathroides. Mich. Hall. 9.

Clathroidastrum. Mich. Hall. 8.

SphjErocephalus. Hall. 9.

Buxbaumia. Hall. 10.

292. Clavabia.
Linn. Gen. 1081. Spec. 1182. Si/st. 1081. Ludw. 974. SduelK
•

B. § 70.
Clavaria. Mich. Hall. 14. Battarr. tab. iii.

Coralloides. Tourn. tab. 332. Hall. 14. Battar. tab. i,

Corallo-Fungus. Vaill.

Fungoiues. Dill.
200 TABLE II.

, 293. Claytonia.
Linn. Gen.253. Spec. 204. Syst.253. Ludw. 521.

294. Clematis.
Linn. Gen. 61(3. Spec. 543. Syst. 616. Hall. 333. Ludw. 466.
Weinm. tab. 399, seq.

Clematitis. Tourn. tab. 150. Mill. i. 213.

Viticella. Dill.

Flam mu la. Rupp.

295. Cleome.
Linn. Gen. 740. Spec. 671. Sygi. 7 40. Ludw. 470.
Sinapistrum. Tourn. tab. 1 16. Mill. ii. 262.

296. Clerodendrum.
Linn. Gen. 707. Spec. 637. 5y*f. 707. Ludw. 264.

297. Clethra.
Linn. Gen. 4S9. Spec. 396. Syst. 489. Ludw. 648. Mill. iii. 66.

298. Cliffortia.
Linn. Gen. 1004. Spec. 1038. 1004. Ludw. 934. Mill. iii.

66.

299. Clinopodium.
Linn. Gen. 644. Spec. 587. Syst. 6 -H. Hall. 653. Ludw. 218.
Mill. i. 215. iii. 67. Tourn. tab. 92. Weinm. tab. 399.

300. Olitoria.
Linn. Gen. 796. Spec. 753. Syst. 796. Ludw. 493.
Ternatea. Tourn. Mill. ii. 318.
Clitoiuus. Dill.

301. Clusia.
Linn. Gen. 577. Spec. 509. Syst. No. 577. p. 1309. Ludw. 591.
Mill. iii. 67.

302 Clutia.
Linn. Gen. 1009. Spec. 1042. Syst. 1009. Ludw. 912. Mill, i.

215. iii. 68.

 TABLE II. 201

303. Clypeola.
Linn. Gen. 723. Spec. 652. Si/st. 723. Ludw. 400. Mill. iii. 69.
Clipeola. Hall. 539. Jonthlaspi. Tourn. tab. 99. Mill. i. 459.

30 k Cneorum.
Linn. Gen. 47. Spec. 34. Si/st. 47. Mill. iii. 69.
Cham^elea. Tourn. tab. 421. Ludw. 375.* Mill. i. 200.

305. Cnicus.
Linn. Gen. 833. Spec. 826. Sj/st. 883. Ludw. 323. Mill. i. 216.
iii. 69. Tourn. tab. 257.
Arcana. Vaill.

306. Coccoloba.
Linn. Si/st No. 1132. p. 1367. 1007.

307. CoCHLEARI A.
Linn. Gen. 720. Spec. 647. Sj/st. 720. Blackw. tab. 218.227.
Ludw. 425. Mill. i. 217. iii. 71. SchaefF. A. 142. Tourn. tab.

101. Weinm. tab. 401. a.

308. Cocos.
Linn. Gen. 1088. Spec. 1188. Si/st. 1088.
Tenga. H. M.
309. COFFEA.

Linn. Gen. 209. Spec. 172. St/st. 209. Blackw. tab. 337. Ludw.
v 75. - '
"

COFFE. JuSS.

310. Coix.
Linn. Gen. 927. Spec. 972. Sj/st. Q27. Mill. iii. 71. Ludw. 871.
Lacrhyma Job. Tourn. tab. 306. Mill. i. 479. Weinm. tab.

618. e.

311. COLCHICUM.
Linn. Gen. 415. Spec. 341. Si/st. 415. Hall. 282. Ludw. 129.
Mill. i. 218. Tourn. tab. 181, 182. Weinm. tab. 403, 40 k

312. COLDENIA.
I#nn. Gen. 159. Spec. 125. Sj/st. 159.
202 TABLE II.

313. CoLLINSONIA.
Linn. Gen. 38. Spec. 28. Syst. 38. Ludw. 175. Mill. iii. 71.

3 14-. COLUMNEA.
Linn. Gen. 710. Spec. 638. Syst. 710. Ludw. 268. Mill. iii. 72.

31.5. Colutea.
Linn. Gen. 776. Spec. 723. Syst. 776. Hall. 575. Ludw. 506.
Mill. i. 218. iii. 72. Toum. tab. 418. Weinm. tab. 406.

316. Com arum.

Linn. Gen. 563. Spec. 502. Sys*. 563. Hall. 337. Mill. iii. 73.

Q-Li nque folium. Weinm. tab. 847. d.

PoTENTILLA. Ludw. 621.

317. COMBUETUM.
Linn. Syst. No. 1 129. p. 1366. 999.

318. COMMELINA.
Linn. Gen. 58. Spec. 40. Sjpt. 58. Mill. i. 220. iii. 73.

Zanonia. Plum. ,

319. Conferva.
Linn. Gen. 1070. Spec. 1164. Syst. 1070. Hall. 1. Ludw. 995.

320. Conium.
Linn. Gen. 299. Spec. 21-3. Si/st. 299.
Cicuta. Tourn. tab. 160. Hall. 433. Ludw. 691. Weinm. tab.

382, *ey.

321. CONNARUS.
Linn. Gen. 744. Spec. 675. Sj/st. 744.

322. Conocarpus.
Linn. Gen, 213. Spec." 176. S^. 213. Ludw. 774. Mill. iii. 7t.
RUDBECKIA. HoUSt.

323. Con v all.aria.

Linn. Gen. 383. Spec. 314. Sys/. 3S3. Mill. iii. 75.
Lii.ium Convallium. Tourn. tab. 14. Blackw. tab. 70. Hall.
286. Ludw. 127. Mill. i. 516. Schtefl'. A. 10. Weinm. tab.
653. b, c.
 TABLE II. '-'03

Polygon atum. Tourn. tab. I k Blackw. tab. 251. Hall. 286.

Ludw. 126. Mill. ii. 155. Sigillum Salomonis. Off.
Scluefl'. A. 11. Weinm. tab. 920.
Unifouum. Dill. Hall. 2S0. Ludw. 394. Weinm. tab. 653. 1.

324-. Convolvulus.
Linn. Gen. 198. Spec. 153. Syst. 198. Blackw. tab. 38. Hall. 488.
Ludw. 66. Mill. i. 222. Tourn. tab. 17. Weinm. tab. 413, seq.

325. Conyza.
Linn. Gen. 854. Spec. 861. Syst. 854. Blackw. tab. 103. Ludw.
306. Hall. 704. Mill. i. 225. Tourn. tab. 259. Weinm. tab.

422, seq.

326. Corchorus.
Linn. Gen. 599. Spec. 529. Syst. 599. Ludw. 588. Mill. i. 228.
Tourn. tab. 135.

327. Coudia.
Linn. Gen. 228. Spec. J 90. 228. Ludw. 78. Mill. iii. 76.
Mvxa. Boerh. Mill. ii. 65. Sebestena. Dill. Blackw. tab.

398. Weinm. tab. 910. a.

328. Coreopsis.
Linn. Gen. 879. Spec. 907. tys/. 879. Mill. iii. 77.

329. CoRIANDRUM.
Linn. Gen. 318. Spec. 256. 318. Blackw. tab. 176. Ludw.
690. Mill. i. 229. Schcefi: A. 223. Tourn. tab. 168. Weinm.
tab. 429. a.

330. CORIARIA.

Linn. Gen. 1002. Spec. 1037. 1002. Ludw. 576. Mill. i.

229. iii. 78.

331. Coris.
Linn. Gen. 216. Spec. 177. Syst. 216. Ludw. 271. Mill. i. 230.
Tourn. tab. 423. Weinm. tab. 429. b.
204 TABLE II.

332. CoRISPERMUM.
Linn. Gen. 12. Spec. 4. Syst. 12. Ludw. 367. Mill. iii. 7 8.

333. CORNUCOPIA.
Linn. Gen. 67. Spec. 54. Syst. 67. Ludw. 813.
Cornucopioides. Scheuchz.

334. Cornus.
Linn. Gen. 139. Spec. 1 17. Syst. 139. Blackw. tab. 121. Hall.

463. Ludw. 395. Mill. i. 230. Schaeff. A. 133. Tourn. tab.

410. Weinm. tab. 429." d.

Virga Sanguinea. Dill.

335. Cornutia.
Linn. Gen. 684. Spec. 628. Syst. 684. Ludw. 266. Mill. i. 232.
Gnanthus. Vaill.

336. Co ROM IX A.
Linn. Gen. 789. Spec. 742. Syst. 789. Ludw. 500.
Coronilla. Tourn. tub. 419. Hall. 573. Mill. i. 235. Weinm.
tab. 430.

Secuiudaca. Tourn. tab. 224. Hall. 576.

Emerus. Tourn. tab. 418. Hall. 573. Mill.i. 296.

337. Corrigiola.
Linn. Gen. 340. Spec. 271. Syst. 3 W. Ludw. 536. Hall. 391.
Polygon ifoli a. Dill.

338. Cortusa.
Linn. Gen, 181. Spec. 144. Syst. 181. Ludw. 47. Mill. i. 237.
iii. 79. Weinm. tab. 430. f.

339. Corvlus.
Linn. Gen. 953. Spec. 998. Syst. 953. Blackw. tab. 293. Hall.
1.39. Ludw. 891. Mill. i. 237. Schaeff. A. 290. Tourn. tab.
347. Weinm. tab. 431.

340. CORYMBIUM.
Linn. Gen. 895. Spec. 928. Sysf. 895. Ludw. 1012.
 TABLE II. '205

341. CoRYTHA.
Linn. Gen. 1086. Spec. 1187. Syst. 1080.

Codda-Panna. H. M.
s

342. Costus.
Linn. Gen. 3. Spec. 2. Sj/st. 3. Blackw. tab. 894. Ludw. 171.
Mill. iii. 80. Weinm. tab. 432. a.

343. Cotula.
Linn. Gen. 868. Spec. 891. tys/. S68. Ludw. 294.,
Ananthocyllus. Vaill. Lancisia. Pont.

344. Cotyledon.
Linn. Gat, 512. Spec. 429. Syat. 512. Blackw. tab. 263. Ludw.
142. Mill. i. 238. Tourn. tab. 19. Weinm. tab. 433, sery.

345. Ckambe.
Linn. Gen. 739. Sjoec. 67 1. Syst. 739. Ludw. 398.
Crambe. Tourn. tab. 100. Mill. i. 240.

Rapistrum. Tourn. tab. 99. Mill. ii. 191. Weinm. tab. 862. a, b.

346. Craniolarja.
Linn. Gen. 670. Spec. 618. Syst. 670. Ludw. 189.

347. Crassula.
Linn. Gen. 352. Spec. 282. 352. Mill, i.240. iii. 81.
Cotyledon. Ludw. 142.
Telephium. Weinm. tab. 967. d.

348. Crataegus.

Linn. Gen. 547. Spec. 475. Sy.s*. 547. Blackw. tab. 149. Hall.

353. Ludw. 608. Mill. i. 211.

Mespilus. Weinm. tab. 727.

349. Cratjeva.
Linn. Gen. 528. Spec. 444. Syst. 524.

Tapia. Plum. Ludw. 511. Mill. ii. 313.

200 TABLE J I.

350. CliEPIS. '

Linn. Gen. 819. Spec. 805. Syst. 819.

Hieracioides. Vaill. Hall. 750. Hieracium. Ludvv. 337,

351. Ckescentia.
Linn. Gen. 680. Spec. 626. Syst. 6S0. Ludvv. 2G7.
Cuiete. Plum. Mill. i. 253.

352. Cressa.
Linn. Gen.Tll. Spec. 223. Syst. 277. ,

Anthyllis. Magn.
353. Crinum.
Linn. Gen. 366. Spec. 291. Syst. 366. Ludvv. 1020. Mill. iii. 82.

354. Crithmum.
Linn. Gen. 303. Spec. 246. Syst. 303. Ludvv. 666. Mill. i. 241.
Tourn. 169.

355. Crocus.
Linn. Gen. 53. Spec. 36. Syst. 5.3. Blackw. tab. 137. Hall. 281.
Ludvv. 7. Mill. i. 241. Schaeff. A. 9. Tourn. tab. 183, 184.
Weinm. tab. 438.

356. Crotalaria.
Linn. Gen. 771. Spec. 714. %s*. 771. Ludw. 484. Mill. i. 217.
Weinm. tab. 439.

357. Croton.
Linn. Gen. 960. Spec, 1004. %s£ 960. Ludvv. 863.
Ricinoides. Tourn. tab. 423. Mill. ii. 202.
Bernhardia. Houst. Mill. i. 120.

358. Crucianella.
Linn. Gen. 118. Spec. 108. Syst. 118.

Rubeola. Tourn. tab. 50. Ludvv. 12. Mill. ii. 209. Weinm. tab.

872.

359. Cruzeta.
Linn. Syst. No. 1117. p. 13G2. 900.
 TABLE II. 207

360. Cue UB ALUS.

Linn. Gen. 502. Spec. 414. Syst. 502. Blackw. tab. 208. Mill. i.

24.8. Toum. tab. 17(3.

Lychnis. Ludw. 57 3.
361. Cucumis.
Linn. Gen. 969. Spec. 1011. Sytf. 969. Ludw. 85 k
Cucumis. Tourn. tab. 31. Blackw. 4. Mill. i. 248. Schawl'.

A. 16. Weinm. tab. 441.

Colocyntiiis. Tourn. Mill. i. 218. SchajfT. A. 1 8. Weinm. tab.
405.
Anguria. Tourn. tab. 35. Blackw. tab. 157. Mill. i. 51. Ci-
trullus. Rai. Schseff. A. 19.
Melo. Tourn. tab. 32. Blackw. tab. 320. Mill. ii. 32. iii. 185.
Schreflf. A. 17. Weinm. tab. 721.

362. CuCURBITA.
Linn. Gen. 968. Spec. 1010. Syst. 96S. Ludw. 855.
Cucurbita. Tourn. tab. 36. Mill. i. 252. SchefE A. 21. Weinm.
tab. 442.
Pepo. Tourn. tab. 33. Mill. ii. 112.

Melopepo. Tourn. tab. 34. Mill. ii. 40. Weinm. tab. 723.

363. Cuminum.
Linn. Gen. 313. Spec. 254. Syst. 313. Ludw. 670. Mill. i. 254.
SchaifF. A. 228. Weinm. tab. 447.

36 k Cunila.
Linn. Syst. No. 1106. p. 1359.

365. Cunonia.
Linn. Syst. No. 1136. p. 1368. 1025.

366. Cupania.
Linn. Gen. 246. Spec. 200. fyj/. 246. Ludw. 1033.

367. Cupressus.
Linn. Gen. 958. Spec. 1002. 958. Blackw. tab. 127. Ludw.
875. Schaeff: A. 295. Tourn. tab. 358. Weinm. tab. 418. a, b.

Cypressus. Mill. i. 258.

208 TABLE II.

368. CuRATELLA.
Linn. Syst. No. liH. p- 1375. 107!).

369. Curcuma.
Linn. Gen. 6. Spec. 2. Syst. 6. Ludw. 169. Weinm. tab. 148. e.
«

370. Cuscuta.
Linn. Gen. 156. Spec. 124. Syst. 156. Hall. 468. Ludw. 26.

Schaefif. A. 322. Tourn. tab. 422. Weinm. tab. 449. a.

371. Cyanella.
Linn. Qen. 386. Spec. ... 386.

372. Cycas.
Lin. Gen. 1087. Spec. 1 188. Syst. 1087.

373. Cyclamen.
Linn. Gen. 184. Spec. 145. Syst. 184. Blackw. /aft. 147. Hall.
499. Ludw. 48. Mill. i. 256. SchaefY. A. 328. Tourn. tab.

68. Weinm. tab, 453.

374. Cymbaria.
Linn. Gen. 669. Spec. 618. Syst. 669. Ludw. 234.

375. Cynanchum.
Linn. Gen. 268. Spec. 212. Syst. 268. Ludw. 101.

376. Cynara.
Linn. Gen. 835. Spec. 827. Sjwtf. 835. Ludw. 322.
Cinaha. Tourn. tab. 253. Mill. i. 75. 209. Weinm. tab. 388.

377. Cynoglossum.
Linn. Gen. 168. Spec. 134. Syst. 168. Hall. 521.
Cynoglossum. Tourn. tab. 57. Blackw. tab. 249. Ludw. 33.
Mill. i. 257. SchaefK A. 40. Weinm. tab. 454.
Omphalodes. Tourn. tab. 58. Ludw. 38. Mill. ii. 86.

378. Cynometra.
Linn. Gen. 466. Spec. 382. Syst. 4G6.
Cynomorium. Garc.
 TABLE II. 209

379. Cynomorujm.
Linn. Gen. 922. Spec. 970. Syst. 922. Ludw. S65.

3S0. Cynosurus.
Linn. Gen. 81. Spec. 72, 73. Sysf. 81. Hall. 232. Ludw. 833.

381. Cvferus.
Linn. Gen. 61. S^cc. 44. Syst. 61. Blackw. fai. 316. Hall. 246.
Ludw. 840. Tourn. tab. 299. Weinra. <a6. 455.

382. Cypripedium.
Linn. Gen. 906. Spec. 951. Syrf. 906.
Calceolus. Tourn. tab. 249. Hall. 276. Ludw. 705. Mill. i. l6o:
Helleborine. Weinm. tab. 567. a.

383. Cytisus.
Linn. GV«. 785. Spec. 739. -Sys/. 785. Hall. 591. Ludw. 478.
Mill. i. 261. iii. 85. Tourn. tab. 416. Weinm. tab. 456, seq.

384. Dactylis.
Linn. Gen. 80. Spec. 7 1. Syst. 80. Ludw. 824.

385. Dalechampia.
Linn. Gen. 1022. Spec. 1054. Sj/sf. 1022. Ludw. 888. Mill. i.

265.
Convolvulo-Tithymalus. Boerh.

386. Dalibarda.
Linn. Gen. 555. Spec. 491. Syst. 555.

387. Daphne.
Linn. Gen. 436. %rc. 356. Sytf. 436.
Thymeljea. Tourn. tab. 366.' Blackw. 62. Hall. 137. Ludw.
132. Mill. ii. 333. Laureola. Weinm. tab. 633.
Coccognidium. Off. SchaefK A. 1.

383. Datisca.
Linn. Gen. 1003. Spec. 1037. Syst. 1003.
Cannabina. Tourn. m&. 48S. Mill. i. 166.
P
210 TABLE II.

389. Datura.
Linn. Gen. 218. Spec. 179. Syst. 218. Schaeff. A. 329.
Stramonium. Tourn. tab. 43, 44-. Blackw. tab. 313. Hall. 489.
Ludvv. 57. Mill. ii. 304. iii. 271. Weinra. tab. 951, seq.

390. Daucus.
Linn. Gen. 296. Spec. 242. Syst. 296. Hall. 450.

Daucus. Tourn. tab. 161. Ludw. 680. Mill. i. 265. SchecfF. A.

242. Weinm. tab. 458.
Visnaga. Riv. Ludw. 696. Mill. ii. 400.
Libanotis. Riv. Hall. 450. Ludw. 6S2.

391. Delima.
Linn. Gen. 590. Spec. ... Si/st. 590.

392. Delphinium.
Linn. Gen. 602. Spec. 530. Syst. 602. Blackw. tab. 265. Hall.
314. Ludw. 740. Mill. i. 267. Tourn. tab.2±l.

Consoltda Regalis. OIF. Blackw. tab. 26. SchaefT. A. 254.

Weinm. tab. 408, 409: Calcatrippa. Heuch.

393. Dentaria.
Linn. Gen. 726. Spec. 653. Sj/st. 726. Hall. 556. Ludw. 416,
Mill. i. 268. Tourn. tab. 110. Weinm. tab. 460. c, d.

394. Dianthera.
Linn. Gen. 37. Spec. 27. Syst. No. 37. p. 850. Ludw. 1039.

395. Dianthus.
Linn. Gen. 500. Spec. 409. Syst. 500.
Carvophyllus. Tourn. 174. Blackw. tab. 85. Mill. i. 174.
Weinm. tab. 326, seq.

Tunica. Dill. Hall. 381. Ludw. 563. Schaeff. A. 181.

396. Diapensia.
Linn. Gen. 177. Spec. 141. Syst. 177. Ludw. 1015.
 TABLE II. 211
/

397. DlCTAMNUS.

Linn. Gen. 468. Spec. 383. Syst. 468. Blackw. tab. 75. Ludw.
649 Mill. i. 269. SchaefiT. A. 220. Weinm. tab. 461.

FbaxiNELLA, Tourn. tab. 243. Hall. 311. Mill. i. 330.

398. Digitalis.
Linn. Gsu. 076. Spec. 621. Syst. 676. Blackw. tab. 16. Hall.
616. Ludw. 249. Mill. i. 269. iii. 88. Tourn. tab. 73. Weinm.
tub. 463.

399. Dillenia.
Linn. Gen. 608. Spec. 535. Syst. 608. Ludw. 626.

400. Diodia.
Lin. Gen. 114. Spec. 104. Syst. 1 14. Ludw. 250.

401. DlOSCOREA.
Linn. Gen. 995. Spec. 1032. Syst. 995. Ludw. 928. Mill. i. 270.
iii. 88.

402. Diosma.
Linn. Gen. 241. Spec. 198. Syst. 241. Ludw. 546. Mill. iii. 89.

403. DlOSPYROS.
Linn. Gen. 1027. Spec. 1057. Syst. 1027. Mill. iii. S9.

Guaiacana. Tourn. tab. 371. Ludw. 135. Mill. i. 382. Weinm.

tab. 559.

404. Dipsacus.
Linn. Gen.lOl. Spec. 97. Syst. 107. Blackw. tab. 50. Hall. 672.

..Ludw. 287. Mill. i. 271, Tourn. tab. 265. Weinm. tab. 465.

seq.

405. DlRAC.
Linn. Gen. 437. Spec. 358. Syst. 437-

406. Dodartia.
Linn. Gen. 698. %c. 633. i%nA 69~8. Ludw. 251. Mill. i. 271.

iii. 90. Tourn. tab. 478.

P2
212 TABLE II.

407. DoDECATHEON.
Linn. Gen. 183. Spec. 144. Syst. 183.
Mead i a. Catesb.

408. Dolichos.
Linn. Got. 778. Spec. 725. Syst. 778. Ludw. 492.

409. Doronicum.
Linn. Gen. 862. Spec. 885. Syst. 862.
Doronicum. Tourn. tab. 277. Blackw. tab. 239. Ludw. 354.
Mill. i. 275. Schssff. A. 1 18. Weinm. tab. 469.
Bellidiastrum. Mich. Hall. 723.

410. DoRSTENIA.
Linn. Gen. 147. Spec. 121. Syst. 147. Ludw. 940. Mill. i. 276.

411. Draea.
Linn. Gen.lM. Spec. 642. Syst.TlT. Hall. 538. Ludw. 428.

412. Dracocephalum.
Linn. Gen. 648. Spec. 594. Syst. 64S.

Dracocephalon. Tourn. fa&. 83. Ludw. 200. Mill. i. 277. iii. 91.
Weinm. tab. 470.
Moldavica. Tourn. tab. 85. Ludw. 224. Mill. ii. 54. Weinm.
tab. 719.

413. Dracontium.
Linn. Gen. 916. .Spec. 967. 5^.916. Ludw. 550.

414. Drosera.
Linn. Gen. 351. Spec. 2S1. Sysf.351.
Ros Sous. Tourn. /a/>. 127. Rorella. Rupp. Hall. 372. Ludw.
544. SchaefF. A. 179. Weinm. tab. 872. c, d.

415. Dryas.

Linn. Gen. 562. Spec. 501. Syst. 562. Hall. 335. Ludw. 757.
(J •u:vophyli.at. £ Species. Tourn. tab. 151. B. E.
!

416. Dry'pis.
Linn. Gen. 501. Spec. 413. Syst, 501. Ludw. 574.
 TABLE II. 213

417. DuitANTA.
Linn. Gm. 704. Spec. 637. Syst. 704.
Castorea. Plum. Ludw. 1050. Mill. i. 184.

418. Ebenus.
Linn. Spec. 764. Sj/st. No. 1159. p. 1376. 1176.

419. ECHINOPHORA.
Linn. Gen. 292. Spec. 239. 292. Ludw. 1051. Mill. i.

288. Tourn. tab. 423.

420. Echinops.
Linn. Gen. 829. Spec. 814. Syst. 829.
Echinopus. Tourn. tak 262. Ludw. 300. Mich. i. 288.

421. Echium.
Linn. Gen. 175. Spec. 139. Sj/st. 175. Blackw. tab. 299 Hall.
513. Ludw. 270. Mill. i. 289. Tourn. tab. 54. Weinm. tab.

474, 475.

422. EURETIA.
Linn. Syst. No. 1119. p. 1363. 936.

423. Eljeagnus.
Linn. Gen. 148. Spec. 121. Syst. 148. Ludw. 768. Mill. i. 291.
Tourn. tab. 489.

424. Eleocarpus.
Linn. Gen. 589. Spec. 515. %s*. 589.

425. Elate.
Linn. Gen. 1091. %c. 1189. Syst. 1091.

426. Elatine.
Linn. Gen. 451. ^pcc. 367. Syst. 451. Ludw. 444 .

Potamopithys. Buxb. Alsinastrum. Vaill.

427. Elephantopus.

Linn. Gen. 827. Spec. 814. Syrf. 827. Ludw. 309. Mill. i. 292.
 214 TAELE II.

428. Ellisia.
Linn. Syst. No. 1156. p. 1375. 1121.

429. Elvela.
Linn. Gen. 1079. Spec. 1180. Syst. 1079. Gled. tab. ii. SchaefK

B. §. 70.

Fungoid aster. Mich. 82. Hall. 58. Ludw. 970.

Fungoides. Mich. 86. Ludw. 971.

430. Elymus.
Linn. Gen. 91. Spec. 83. Syst. 91.

431. Empetrum.
Linn. Gen. 977. Spec. 1022. Syst. 977. Hall. 162. Ludw. 860.
Mill, i; 290. Tourn. tab. 421.
g
432. Ephedra.
Linn. Gen. 1007. Spec. 1040. ,%sf. 1007. Hall. 145. Ludw. 9.31.

Mill. i. 297. Tourn. tab. 477.

433. Epidendrum.
Linn. Gen. 907. Spec. 952. %s<. 907.

Vanilla. Plum. Ludw. 707. Mill. ii. 366. Weinm. tab. 1002. c.

434. Epig.ea.
Linn. Gen. 486. Spec. 395. Syst. 486.
Memecylum. Mitch.

435. Epilobium.
Linn. Gen. 426. Spec. 347. %sf. 426. Hall. 408. Mill. iii. 95,
Cham^nerion. Tourn. tab. 157. Ludw. 435. Mill. i. 201.
Weinm. tab. 688. a.

436. Epimedium.
Linn. Gen. 138. Spec. 117. Syst. 138. Ludw. 389. Mill. i. 297.
Tourn. tab. 117. Weinm. tab. 478. b.

437. Eciuisetum.
Linn. Gen. 1033. Spec. 1061. Syst. 1033. Blackw. 217. Hall.
142. Ludw. 953. Schaeff. A. 303. Tourn. tab. 307. Weinm.
tab. 479, 480.
 TABLE II. 2i>

438. Eranthemijm.
Linn. Gen. 23. Spec. 9. Syst. 23.

439. Erica.
Linn. Gen. 435. Spec. 352. Syst. 435. Hall. 41S. Mill. i. 300.
Tourn. tab. 373. a. Weinm. tab. 431.
Ericoiues. Ludw. 131.

440. Erigeron.
Linn. Gen. 855. Spec. 8 6 3. Sj/sf. 855. Hall. 72k
Senecioms Species. Dill. Conyza. Ludw. 306. Conyzoiues.
Dill. Con yz ella. Dill.

441. Erinus.
Linn. Gen. 689. Spec. G30. Syst. 689. Ludw. 258.
Aceratum. Tourn. tab. 422. Hall. 629. Mill. i. 20. iii. 9. Weinm.
tab. 29. a.

442. Eriocaulon.
Linn. Gen. 95. Spec. 87. Syst. 95. Ludw. 838.

443. Eriocephalus.
Linn. Gen. 890. Spec. 926. %s/. 890.

444. Eriophorum.
Linn. Gen. 63. Spec. 52. Syst. 63.

Linagrostis. Mich. Tourn. Hall. 250. Ludw. 844.

445. Erithalis.
Loan. Syst. No. U23. p. 1364. 930.

446. Ervum.
Linn. Gen. 784. .Spec. 738. Syst. 784. Hall. 602. Ludw. 482.
Mill. i. 301. SchaefF. A. 161. Tourn. tab. 221. Weinm. tab.

484. a.

447. Eryngicm.
Linn. Gen. 287. Spec. 232. Syst. 287. Blackw. 297. Hall.

455. Ludw. 528. Mill. i. 302. iii. 97. SchaefF. A. 243. Tourn.

tab. 173. Weinm. tab. 484, 485.

216 TABLE II.

448. Erysimum.
Linn. Gen. 729. Spec. 660. Syst. 729. Blackw. tab. 28. Ludw.
409. Mill. i. 302. Schaeff. A. 1 48. Tourn. tab. 111. Weinm.
tab. 487. a.

Sisymbrium. Hall. 547.

Ai liaria. Rai. Blackw. tab. 372. Weinm. tab. 37.

440. Erythrina.
Linn. G'm. 762. Spec. 706. Syst. 762. Ludvr. 498.
Coralloij 3 on. Tourn. i?a6. 446. Mill. i. 227.
Coral. Dill.

450. Erythronium.
Linn. Gen. 375. Spec. 305. Sys*. 375. Hall. 290. Ludw. 720.
Beiss Canis. Tourn. tab. 202. Mill. i. 268. Weinm. tab. 460. a, b.

451. Erythroxylon.
Linn. Syst. No. 1137. j». 1369. 1035.

452. Eugenia.
Linn. Gen. 542. Spec. 470. 6>s*. 542. Ludw. 454.

453. Euonymus.
Linn. Gen. 240. Spec. 197. $wf. 240. Hall. 423. Ludw. 527.
Mill. i. 303. Tourn. tab. 388. Weinm. tab. 494.

454. Eui'ATORIUM.
Linn. Gen. 842. Spec. 836. Syst. 842. Blackw. tab. 110. Hall.
704. Ludw. 308. Mill. i. 304. Schseff. A. 108. Tourn. tab.
259. Weinm. tab. 495, 496.

455. Euphorbia.
Linn. Gen. 536. Spec. 450. Syst. 536. Ludw. 166. Mill. iii. 98.
Euphorbium. Isn. Blackw. tab. 339, 34-0. Mill. i. 305. Weinm.
tub. 497. 498.
Esula. Riv. SchsefF. A. 47. Weinm. tab. 487, seq. Tithymalus.
Tourn. tab. 18. Hall. 189. Mill. ii. 338. iii. 278.
Fithymat.o) dps. Tourn. Mill. ii. 338.
 TABLE II. 217

456. Euphrasia.
Linn. Gen. 659. Spec. 60+. Syst. 659.

Euphrasia. Tourn. tab. 78. Hall. 628. Ludw. 24-8. Mill. i. 306.
Schaeft'. A. 60. Weinm. tab. 499.
Odontitis. Dill. Hall. 627.

457. Exacum.
Liav Syst. 132. Spec. 112. Syst. 132.

458. Excoecaria.
Linn. Gen. post No. 978. p. 128S.

459. Fagara.
Linn. Syst, No. Ml 5. p. 1362. 897.

460. Fagonia.
Linn. Gen. 475. Spec. 386. Syst, 475. Ludw. 559. Mill. i. 308.
Tourn. tab. 141.

461. Fagus.
Linn. Gen. 951. Spec. 997. Syst. 951.
Fagus. Tourn. tab. 351. Hall. 160. Ludw. 894. Mill. i. 309.
Weinm. tab. 501. a.

Castanea. Tourn. tab. 352. Blackw. tab. 330. Hall. 160. Ludw.
895. Mill. i. 182. iii. 52. Weinm. tab. 343.

462. Ferula.
Linn. Gen. 305. Spec. 246. Syst. 305. Ludw. 662. Mill. i. 310.
Tourn. tab. 170. Weinm. tab. 504.

463. Festuca.
Linn. Gen. S2. Spec. 73. Syst. 82. Hall. 209. Ludw. 835.

464. Fevillea.
Linn. Gen. 972. Spec. 1013. Syst.No.972. p. 1292. Ludw. 850.
Nhandiroba. Plum.

465. Ficus.
Lmn. Gen. 1032. Spec. 1059. tys/. 1032. Blackw. /ai. 125.
 TABLE II.

Ludw. 866. Mill. i. 319. iii. 105. Scha?flF. A. 264. Toum. toft

420. Weinm. tab. 308.

Caprificus. Pont.

466. Fii-ago.
Linn. Gen. 891. Spec. 927. Sj/st. 891.

467. Flagellaria.
Linn. Gen. 406. Spec. 333. Syst. 406

468. FoN'TIN ALIS.

Linn. Gen. 1053. SJwe. 1107. %s*. 10.53. Hall. 95. Ludw. 961.

469. Fragajria.

Linn. Gen. 558. Spec. 494. Syst, 558. Blackw. i!a&. 77. Hall. 343.
Mill. i. 328. SchaefF. A. 208. Toum. tab. 152. Weinm. tab.

514.
Potent illa. Ludw. 621.

470. Frankenia.
Linn. Gen. 401. Spec. 331. Syst. 401.
Feanca. Mich. Ludw. 554.

471. Fraxinus.
Linn. Gen. 1026. Spec. 1057. 1026. Blackw.ta6.32S. Hall.
167. Ludw. 910. Mill. i. 330. Schaeff. A. 291. Toum. ta b.

343. Weinm. tab. 515.

Ornus. Mich.

472. Fritillaria.

Linn. Gen. 372. Spec. 303. Sys<. 372.

Fritillaria. Tourn. tab. 201. Hall. 290. Ludw. 718. Mill, i,

331. Weinm. tab. 515.

Corona Imperialis. Tourn. tab. 197, 198. Ludw. 719. Mill, i,

232. Weinm. tab. 66 1

473. Fuchsia.
Linn. Gen. 1097. Spec. 1191. Syst. No. 1097. p. 893. Ludw,
1052-. Mill. i. 336.
 TABLE If. 219

47 4. Fucus.
Linn. Gen. 1068. Spec. 1158. Syst. 1068.

475. Fumaria.
Linn. Gen. 760. Spec. 699. Si/st. 760. Hall. 604. Ludw. 47 I.

Fumaria. Touvn. tab. 237. Blackw. tab. 237. Mill. i. 337.

Schaeff. A. 157. Weinra. tab. MO.

Cafnoides. Tourn. tab. '237. Mill. i. 166.

Corydalis. Dill. Cysticapnos. Boerh. Mill. i. 261.
PsEUDOFUMARIA. Riv.
CArNORCHis. Boerh.

476. Galanthus.
Linn. Gen. 362. Spec. 288. Sysi. 362. Ludw. 722. Mill. iii. 1 14.

Leucoium. Weinm. tab. 642. b.

477. Galax.
Linn. Gen. 244. Spec. 200. Sj/st. 214.
Viticella. Mitch.

478. Galega.
Linn. Gen. 770. Spec. 714. Si/st. 770. Blackw. tab. 92. Hall.

576. Ludw. 497. Mill. i. 341. Schaeti'. A. 162. Tourn. tab.

222. Weinm. tab. 528.

Indigo. Isn.

Cracca. Linn. Si/st. \ 172. Spec. 752.

479. Galen i a. 1

Linn. Gen. 443. Spec. 359. Si/st. 443. Ludw. 792. Mill. iii. 115.
Sherardia. Pout.

480. Galeopsis.
Linn. Gen. 637. Spec. 579. Syst. 637. Hall. 64 ft. Ludw. 193.
Mill, n 342.

Tetrahit. Dill. Galeobdolon. Dill.

4S1. Galium.
Linn. Gen. 117. Spec. 105. Si/st. 117. Hall. 458, teq.

Gallium. Tourn. tab. 39. Blackw. tab. 168. Ludw. 11. Mill. i,

343. Weinm. 530.

220 TABLE II.

Apaiune. Blackw. tab. 39. Hall. 458. Ludw. 1 0. Mill. iii. 22.

Weinm. tab. 146, 147.

482. Garcinia.
Linn. Gen. 526. Spec. 443. Syst. 526. Ludw. 460.
Mangostans. Garc.

483. Garidella.
Linn. Gen. 507. Spec. 425. Syst. 507. Ludw. 612. Mill. i. 343.
Tourn. tab. 130.

484. Gaultheria.
Linn. Gen. 487. -Spec. 395. Syst. 487.

485. Gaura.
Linn. Gen. 425. Spec. 347. Syst. 425.

486. Genipa.
Linn. Gen. 229. Spec... Syst. 229. 981. Ludw. 94. Tourn. tab.

436, 437.

487. Genista.
Linn. Gen. 766. Spec. 709. Syst. 166. Hall. 592. Ludw. 477.
Spartium. Tourn. tab. 412. Mill. ii. 284. Weinm. tab. 533.
Genistella. Tourn. tab. 413.

488. Gentiana.
Linn. Gen. 285. Spec. 221. Syst. 285. Hall. 473.
Gentiana. Tourn. tab. 40. Ludw. 97. Mill. i. 350. Weinm. tab.

534, 535.
Centaurium Minus. Tourn. tab. 48. Ludw. 106. Mill. i. 192.
Scheeff. A. 326. Weinm. tab. 348.

489. Geranium.
Linn. Gen. 476. Spec. 616. Syst. 746. Blackw. tab. 58. 150. Hall.

365. Ludw. 640. Mill. i. 351. SchsefF. A. 221. Tourn. tab.

142. Weinm. tab. 535, seq.

Pelargonium, fiurm.
Gruinaus. Rupp. Riv.
 TABLE II. 221

4-90. Gerardia.
Linn. Gen. 665. Spec. 610. Syst. 665. Ludw. 253.

491. Gesneria.
Linn. Gen. 667. Spec. 612. Sj/st. 667.
Gssnera. Plum. Ludw. 257. Mill. i. 355. iii. 1 17.

492. Gethyllis.
Linn. Gen. 523. .Spec. 442. Syst. 523. Ludw. 158.
Mangles. Plum.

493. Geum.
Linn. Gen. 561. Spec. 500. Syst. 561.
Caryophyllata. Tourn. tab. 151. A. D. F. G. Blackw. tab. 253.
Hall. 335. Ludw. 622. Mill. i. 173. SchaefF. A. 209. Weinm.
tab. 323.

494. Gladiolus.
Linn. Gen. 55. Spec. 36. Syst. 55. Hall. 279. Ludw. 187. Mill,
i. 359. iii. 118. Tourn. tab. 190. Weinm. tab. 546.

495. Glaux.
Linn. Gen. 257. Spec. 207. Syst. 257. Ludw. 46. Mill. i. 371.
Tourn. tab. 60.

496. Glecoma.
Linn. Gen. 634. Spec. 578. Syst. 634.
Hedera Terrestris. Off*. Blackw. tab. 225. Schaeff. A. 81.
Weinm. tab. 564. b, c, d.
Chaiweclema. Boerh. Hall. 652. Ludw. 219. Mill. i. 199.

497. Gleditsia.
Linn. Gen. 1027. Spec. 1056. Syst. 1025. Ludw. 911.
Melilobus. Mitch.

498. Glinls.
Linn. Gen. 537. Spec. 1-63. Syst. 537.

499. Globularia.
Linn. Gen 106. Spec. 95. Sy t. 106. Hall. 667. Ludw. 288.
Weinm. tab. 238. a. Mill. i. 371. Tourn. tab. 265.
Alypum. Niss.
222 TABLE If.

500. Gloriosa.
Linn. Gen. 374. .Spec. 305. Syst. 37 4. Mill. iii. 120.

METHONicA.Tourn.y4-G. Ludw. 716. Mill. ii. 47.

501. Glycine.
Linn. Gen. 797. Spcc.153. Syst. 797. Mill. iii. 121.

Apios. Boerh. Ludw. 510. Mill. i. 05. Weinm. tab. 149.

502. Glycyrrhiza.
Linn. Gen. 7S8. Spec. 741. Syst. 788. Ludw. 633. Mill. i. 372.
Tonrn. tab. 210. Weinm. *a6. 547.

LrauiiuTiA. Off. Schaeff. A. 222.

503. Gmelina.
Linn. Gen. 681. Spec. 626. Syst. 6SI. Ludw. 1024.
Michelia. Amm.
504. Gnaphalium.
Linn. Gen. 850. Spec. 850. Syst. 850. Hall. 698. Ludw. 305.
Schaeff. A. 101. Weinm. tab. 519, seq.

Elichrysum. Tourn. tab. 259. Mill. i. 293. iii. 95. Helichry*

sum. Vaill.
Filago. Tourn. Vaill. tab. 259.
Helichrysoides. Vaill.

505. Gnidia.
Linn. Gen. 438. .Spec. 358. Syst. 438.
Struthia. Roy.
506. Gomphrena.
Linn. Gen. 279. Spec. 224. Syst. 279.
Amaranthoides. Tourn. tab. 429. Mill. i. 32. iii. 13.
Caraxeron. Vaill.

507. Gorteria.
Linn. Syst. No. 1 163. Spec. 1377. 1229.

50S. Gossypiu.
Linn. Gen. 755. Spec. 693. Syst. 755. Blackw. tab. 357. Ludw.
150. Mill. iii. 121.
Xylon. Tourn. tab. 27. Mill. ii. 529. Weinm. tab. 551. e.
 TABLE II. 225

509. Gratiola.
Linn. Gen. 27. Spec. 17. Syst.Qj. Hall. 617. Ludw. 182. SchaefF.
A. 61. Weinm. tab. 553. a.

510. Grewia.
Linn. Gen. 914. Spec. 964. Syst. 914. Ludw. 601. Mill. iii. 12*.

511. Grias.
Linn. Syst. No. 1145. p. 1371. 1075.

512. Grislea.
Linn. Gen. 427. Spec. 34S. Syst. 427. Ludw. 439.

513- Gronovia.
Linn. Gen. 248. Spec. 202. Syst. 248. Ludw. 520. Mill. iii. 1 24-.

514. GliAIACUM.
Linn. Gen. 465. Spec. 381. 465. Blackw. tab. 350, Ludw.
599. Mill. i. 383. Weinm. tab. 560.
Lignum Vit/e, Sanctum. Off.

515. GuF.TTARD A.
Linn. Gen. 943. Spec. 991. Syst. 943.

516. GuiLANDIN A.
Linn. Gen. 464 Spec. 381. 464.
Bonduc. Plum. Ludw. 914. Mill. i. 133. iii. 41.

517. GUNDELIA.

Linn. Gen. 828. Spec. 814. S2S. Mill. i. 387. iii. 127.

Tourn. tab. 486.

Hacub. Vt'ill. Ludw. 297.

518. GVPSOPHILA.
Linn. Gen. 498. Spec. 406. Syst. 498.

519. H .EM AN THUS.

Linn. Gen. 394. Spec. 325. %f. 394. Ludw. 124. Mill. i. 387.

iii. 127. Tourn. tab. 433. Weinm, tab. 562.

Drancunculoides. Boerb.
224 TABLE II.

520, HiEMATOXYLUM.
471. Spec. 384. Syst. 471. Ludw. 555. Mill. iii. 128.
Linn. Gere.

Campecia. Sloan.

521. Halesia.
Linn. Sjfst. Gen. No. 1138. p. 1369. 1044.

522. Halleria.
Linn. Gen,619. Spec. 625. Syst. 679. Ludw. 269. Mill. iii. 129.

523. Hamamelis.
Linn. Gen. 155. Spec. 124. Syst. 155. Ludw. 396. Mill. iii. 129.

Trilopus. Mitch.
524. Hartogia.
Linn. Syst. No. 1126. p. 1365. 939.

525. HaSSELOUISTIA.
Linn. Syst. p. 957.

526. Hebenstretia.
Linn. Gen. 688. Spec. 629. Syst. 688. Ludw. 236.

527. Hedera.
Linn. Gen. 249. Spec. 202. Syst. 249. Blackw. tab. 188. Hall.
165. Ludw. 526. Mill. i. 390. Schaeff. A. 176. Tourn. tab.

384. Weinm. tab. 563. d.

528. Hedyotis.
Linn. Gen. 110. Spec. 101. 110.

529. Hedysarum.
Linn. Gen. 793. Spec. 745. Sj/s*. 793.
Hedysarum. Tourn. *aZ>. 225. Hall. 577. Ludw. 504. Mill. i.

391. Weinm. tab. 565.

Onobrychis. Tourn. tab. 21 1. Hall. 577. Ludw. 472. Mill. ii.

87. Weinm. tub.

Alhagi. Tourn. tab. ISO.' Ludw. 504.

530. Helenium
Linn. Gen. 863. Spec. S86. Syst. S63. Mill. i. 393. Weinm. tab.
565. d.
 TABLE II. 225

Heleniastrum. Vaill. Mill. i. 392. iii. 135.

531. Heuanthus.
Linn. Gen. 877. Spec. 904. Syst. S77. Ludw. 360. Mill. iii. 135.
Corona Solis. Tourn. tab. 279. Mill. i. 233.

532. Helicteres.
Linn. Gen. 913. Spec. 963. Syst. 913. Ludw. 651.
Isora. Plum. Mill. i. 463.

533. Heliocahpus.
Linn. Gen. 533. Spec. 448. Syst. 533. Ludw. 462.
Montia. Houst. Mill. ii. 57. iii. 196.

534. Heliotropium.
Linn. Gen. 164. Spec. 130. Sj/st. 164. Hall. 520. Mill. i. 39S.
Tourn. tab. 57. Weinm. tab. 566.

535. Helleborus.
Lin. Gen. 622. Spec. 557. Syst. 622. Blackw.fad. 57. Hall. 317.
Ludw. 625. Mill. i. 400. iii. 136. Schaeff. A. 172. Tourn.
tab. 144. Weinm. tab. 569.

536. Helonias.
Linn. Gen. 416. Sjpee. 342. Sysf. 416.

537. Hemeuocallis.
Linn. Gen. 391. Spec. 324. Spa*. 391. Hall. 290. Mill. iii. 137.
Lilio-Asphodelus. Tourn. tab. 179. Ludw. 120. Mill. i. 508.
Weinm. tab. 651.
Liliastrum. Tourn. tab. 194. Ludw. 714.

538. Hemionitis.
Linn. Gen. 1040. Spec. 1077. Syst. 1040. Ludw. 948. Mill. i.

401.

539. Heracleum.
Linn. Gen. 307. Spec. 249. Syst. 307.
Sphondtlium. Tourn. tab. 170. Hall. 447. Ludw. 664. Mill,

ii. 286. Weinm. tab. 944.

a
226 TABLE II.

510. Hernannia.
Linn. Gen. 742. Spec. 673. Syst. 7*2. Ludw. 522. Mill. i. 402.
iii. 138. Tourn. tab. 432.

541. Hermandia.
Linn. Gen. 931. Spec. 981. Syst. 931. Ludw. 1053. Mill, i.403.

542. Herniaria.
Linn. Gen. 272. Spec. 218. Syst. 21 2. Blackw. tab. 320. Hall.

182. Ludw. 779. Mill. i. 40k SchaefF. A. 274. Tourn. tab.

288. Weinm. tab. 570. f, g.

543. Hesperis.
Linn. Gen. 731. Spec. 663. Syst. 731. Hall. .563. Ludw. 411-
Mill. i. 404. iii. 139. Tourn. tab. 108. Weinm. tab. 571.

544. Heuchera.
Linn. Gen. 283. Spec. 226. Syst. 283. Ludw. .530.

545. Hibiscus.
Linn. Gen. 756. Spec. 693. 756. Mill. iii. 139.
Ketmia. Tourn. tab. 26. Ludw. 151. Mill. i. 472. Weinm. tab.

617.
Malvaviscus. Dill.

Trionum. Linn. edit, prior.

546. Hieracium.-
Linn. Gen. 818. Spec. 799. Syst. 818. Hall. 742. Ludw. 337.
Hieracium. Tourn. tab. 267. Mill. i. 405. Weinm. tab. 573, seq.

Auricula Muris. Rai. Pilosella. Vaill. Mill. i. 97. SchaefF.

A. 114. Weinm. tab. 206.

547. HlPPOCRATEA.
Linn. Gen. 109S. Spec. 1191. Syst. No. 1098. p. 988.
Coa. Plum. Ludw. 1054. Mill. i. 216.

548. Hippocrepis.
Linn. Gen. 791. Spec. 744. Syst. 791. Ludw. 503.
 TABLE II. 227

Feukum Equinum. Tourn. tub. 225. Hall. 573. Mill. i. 310.

We mm. tab. 504. d.
549. Hippomane.
Linn. Gen. 1099. Spec. 1191. Sj/st. No. 1099. p. [383. 1259
Mancanilla. Plum. Ludw. 1055. Mill. ii. 7.

550. IIippophae.
Linn. Gen. 980. Spec. 1023. Syst. 980. Ludw. 921.
Rhamnoides. Tourn. tab. 481, Hall. 161. Mill. ii. 19S.

551. Hippukis.
Linn. Gen. 11. Spec. 4. Syst. 11.

Limnopeuce. Vaill. Hall. 197. Ludw. 937.

PlNASTELLA. Dill.

552. Hirtella.
Linn. Gen. 44. Spec. 34. Sy8t. 4Ai. Ludw. 512.

553. Holcus.
Linn. Gen. 1015. Spec. 1047. Syst. 1015. Ludw. 846.
Sorgum. Mich.

554. Holosteum.
Linn. Gen. 98. Spec. 88. Syst. 98.
Nummular i a. Nov. Gen. Alsine. Hall. 385. Ludw. 569.

555. Houdeum.
Linn. Gen. 93. Spec. 84. Syst. 93. Hall. 204. Ludw. 828. Mill,

i. 407. Schaeft*. A. 300. Tourn. tab. 295. Weinm. tab. 577.

556. Horminum.
Linn. Gen. 649. -Spec. 596. Syst. 649. Ludw. 223.

557. Hottoma.
Linn. Gen. 186. Spec. 14,5. Syst. 186. Hall. 487. Ludw. 45.
Mill. i. 409.
Stratiotes. Vaill. Mykiophvllum. Riv.

a2
228 TABLE II.

558. Houstonia.
Linn. Gen. 116. Spec. 105. Syst. 116.

Rubeola. Ludw. 12.

559. Hugonia.
Linn. Gen. 745. Spec. 67 5. Syst. 745. Ludw. 577.

560. Humulus.
Linn. Ge?i. 989. Spec. 1028, Sys*. 989.
Lupulus. Tourn. tab. 309. Hall. 166. Ludw. 924. Mill. i. 535.

Schseff. A. 273. Wcinm. tab. 675.

, 561. Hura.
Linn. Gen. 965. Spec. 1008. Sys^. No. 965. p. 1383. Ludw. 1045.
Mill. i. 410. iii. 141.

562. Hyacinthus.
Linn. Gen. 385. Spec. 316. Syst. 385.
Hyacinthus. Tourn. tab. 180. Blackw. ta£>. 61. Ludw. 121.
Mill. i. 411. iii. 142. Weinm. tab. 583, seq.

Muscari. Tourn. tab. 180. Hall. 285. Ludw. 122. Mill. ii. 61.
iii. 198. Weinm. tab. 5S3. c, d, e, f.

563. Hydnum.
Linn. Gen. 1076. Spec. 1178. Syst. 1076. Gled. tab. iii.

SchaefF. B. § 70.

Erinaceus. Dill. Hall. 31. Ludw. 966.

Echin-Agaricus. Hall. 32.

564. Hydrangea.
Linn. G^en. 492. Spec. 397. Syst. 492. Ludw. 567.

565. Hydrastis.
Linn. Syst. No. 1153. p. 1374. 1088.

566. Hydrochauis.
Linn. Gen. 999. Spec. 1036. Syst. 999. Hall. 301. Ludw. 909.
M croleu coNYMPHiEA. Boerh. Stratiotes. Dill. Morsus
Ran/e. Tourn.
 TABLE II. 229

567. Hydrocotvle.
Linn. Gen. 288. Spec. 234. Sytf, 288. Hall. 425. Ludw. 654.
Mill. i. 416. Toum. tab. 173.

568. Hydrophyllum.
Linn. Gen. 187. Spec. 146. Syst. 187. Ludw. 49. Mill. i. 416.
Tourn. tab. 16. Weinm. tab. 588. a.

569. Hymen.'ea.
Linn. Gen. 1100. Spec. 1192. Syst. No. 1100. p. 1016.
Courbaril. Plum. Ludvv. 1056. Mill. i. 239.

570. Hyoscyamus.
Linn. Gen. 219. Spec. 179. Syst. 219. Blackw. tak 1 1 1 . Hall.
512. Ludvv. 275. Mill. i. 418. Schaeff. A. 89. Tourn. tab. 42.
Weinm. tab. 588.

571. Hyoseris.
Linn. Gen. 821. Spec. 808. Sj^. 821. Ludw. .331.

Taraxoconastrum. Vaill.

Leontodontoides. Mich.
Hedypnois. Tourn. tab. 27 1 . Ludw. 330. Mill. i. 390. Rha-
gadioloides. Vaill.

572. Hypecoum.
Linn. Gen. 157. Spec. 124. Syst. 157. Ludw. 467.
Hypecoon. Tourn. tab. 115. Mill. i. 419.

573. Hypericum.
Linn. Gen. 808. Spec. 783. Syst. 808. Hall. 360.

Hypericum. Tourn. tab. 131. Blackw. tab. 15. Ludw. 610. Mill.
i. 419. Schaeff. A. 198. Weinm. tab. 589, seq.

Ascyuum. Tourn. tab. 131. Ludw. 615. Mill. i. 80. Weinm. tab.

589. d.
Andros^emum. Tourn. tab. 128. Blackw. tab. 94. Ludvv. 611.
Mill. i. 47. Weinm. tab. 589. e, f.

574. Hypnum.
Linn. Gen. 1058. Spec. 1122. Syst. 1058. Hall. 97. Ludw. 958.
 230 TABLE II.

575. Hypocha:ris.
Linn. Gen. 822. Spec. 810. Sj/st. 822.

Hypochozris. Hall. 759. Ludw. 346. Achykophorus. Vaill.

576. Hypoxis.
Linn. Syst. No. 1127. p. 1366. 986.

577. Hyssopus.
Linn. Gen. 628. Spec. 569. Syst. 628. Blackw. tab. 296. Ludw,
225. Mill. i. 441. SchaefF. A. 70. Tourn. tab. 95. Weinm.
tab. 591.

578. Jambolifeua.
Linn. Gen. No. 430. p. 349. Syst. 430.

579. Jasione.
Linn. Gen. 896. Spec. 928. Syst. S96. Hall. 496.

Rapunculus. Ludw. 276.

580. Jasminum.
Linn. Gen. 17. Spec. 7. Syst. 17. Blackw. fa&. 13. Ludw. 4.

Mill. i. 449. Schseff. A. 324. Tourn. 368. Weinm. tab. 602.

581. Jatropha.
Linn. Gen. 961. Spec. 1006. Syst. 961.

Manihot. Tourn. tab. 438. Ludw. 864. Mill. ii. 8.

Jussieuia. Houst.

582. Iberis.
Linn. Gen. 721. Spec. 648. Syst. 721. Hall. 542. Ludw. 421.
Mill. iii. 145.
Thlaspidium. Riv.

583. Ilex.
Linn. Gen. 158. Spec. 125. Syst. 158.

AauiFOLiuM. Tourn. tab. 371. Blackw. tab. 205. Hall. 467.

Ludw. 28. Mill. i. 69. Weinm. tab. 158.

Dodon/ea. Plum. Ludw. 796. Mill. iii. 91.

*
 TABLE II. 231

58+. Illecebrum.
Linn. Gen. 256. Spec. 206. Syst. 256.
Corrigiola. Dill. Ludvv. 536.
Paronychia. Tourn. tab. 281. Mill. i. 10S.

585. Illicium.
Linn. Syst. No. 1142. p. 1370. 1050.

586. Impatiens.
Linn. Gen. S99. Spec. 937. Syst. 899. Hall. 505.
Balsamina. Tourn. tab. 235. Ludw. 469. Mill. i. 101. iii. 35.
Weinm. tab. 218. 222.
Impatiens. Weinm. tab. 603.

587. Imperatoria.
Linn. Gen. 321. Spec. 259. Syst. 321. Blackw. tab. 2*70. Hall.

445. Ludvv. 660. Mill. i. 458. Schaaff. A. 238. Weinm. tab.

60 k
'
5SS. Indigofera.
Linn. Gen. 794. Sjsec. 751. Syst. 794. Weinm. tai. 605.

589. Inula.
Linn. Gen. 860. Spec. 881. 860.

Enula. Csesalp. Schaeft". A. 1 1 9. Helenium. Riv. Mill. i. 393.

Weinm. tab. 565.

590. Ipomcea.
Linn. Gen. 199. Spec. 159. Syst. \99.
Quamoclit. Tourn. tab. 39. Ludw. 67. Mill. ii. 180.

Volubilis. Dill.

591. Iresine.
Linn. Syst. No. 1 174. p. 1381. 1291.

592. Iris.
Linn. Gen. 57. Spec. 38. Syst. 57. Hall. 279.

Iris. Tourn. tab. 186. 188. Bhckw. tab. 69. 261. Ludw. 8. Mill,

i. 459. Schaeff. A. 6, 7. Weinm. tab. 607.

232 TABLE II.

Xiphion. Tourn. tab. 189. Mill. ii. 527. Weinm. tab. 609.
Sisykinchium. Tourn. Mill. ii. 264. Weinm. tab, 925.
Hermodactylus. Tourn. Mill. i. 403.

593. Isatis.
Linn. Gen. 738. Spec. 670. Sjyst. 738. Blackvv. tab. 246. Hall.

535. Ludw. 401. Mill. i. 462. Tourn. tab. 100. Weinm. tab.

614.

594. Isch^mum.
Linn. Gen. 1016. Spec. 1049. Syst. 1016.
Schcenanthus. Scheuchz. Ludw. 1060.

595. ISNARDIA.
Linn. Gen. 145. Spec. 120. Si/st. 145. Ludw. 766.
Dantia. Petit.

596. Iscetes.
Linn. Gen, 1048. Spec. 1100. Si/st. 1048.

597. Isopyrum.
Linn. Gen. 621. Spec. 557. Sj/s*. 621. Ludw. 607.

598. Itea.
Linn. Gen. 243. Spec. 199. <%5if. 2 43. Ludw. 55.

DlCONANGI A. Midi.

599. Iva.
Linn. Gen. 940. Spec. 988. S^. 940.
Tarchonanthus. Vaill.

600. JUGLANS.
Linn. Gen. 950. Spec. 997. Sj^. 950. Blackw. tab. 247. Ludw.
892. Mill. iii. 147. Seheeff. A. 294.

Nux Juglans. Tourn. tab. 346. Mill. ii. 79.

601. Juncus.
Linn. Gen. 396. Spec. 325. Syst. 396. Hall. 252. Ludw. 787.
Mill. i. 464. Tourn. tab. 127. Weinm. tab. 614.
 TABLE II. 233

602. JuNGERMANNIA.
Linn. Gen. 1059. Spec. 1131. St/st. 1059. Ludw. 962.
J UN GERM AN NT A. Mich. Hall. 120.
Muscoides. Mich. Hall. 123.
Lichen ast rum. Dill.

603. Juniperus.
Linn. Gen. 1005. Spec. 1038. Si/st. 1005. Ludw. 919.
Juniperus. Tourn. tab. 361. Elackw. tat. 187. Hall. 146. Mill,
i. 164. iii. H7. Schaeflf. A. 265. Weinm. tab. m&
Sabina. Boerh. Biackw. tab. 214, Mill. ii. 220. Schaeff. A. 266.
Weinm. tab. 876.

Cedrus. Tourn. tab. 361. Mill. i. 186, 187. Weinm. tab. 346.

601. Jussisa.
Linn. Gen. 478. Spec. 388. Syst, 478. Ludw. 553.

605. JusnciA.
Linn. Gen. 26. Spec. 15. Sj/s*. 26. Mill. i. 468.

Adhatoda. Tourn. tab. 79. Ludw. 184. Mill. i. 19. Ecbulium.

Weinm. tab. 473.

606. Ixia.
Linn. Gen. 54. Spec, 36. Syst. 54. Ludw. 843.

607. Ixora.
Linn. Gen. 122. £/;ec 110. Syst. 122. Ludw. 24.

608. KjEMPFERIA.
Linn. Gew. 7. Spec. 2. Syst. 7. Ludw. 372.
Kjempfeba. Mill. i. 472. iii. 149.

609. Kalmia.
Linn. Gen. 482. Spec. 391. Syst. 482.

610. Kiggelaria.
Linn. Gen. 1001. Spec. 1037. 1001. Ludw. 915. Mill. iii.

151.
234 TABLE II.

fill. Knautia.
Linn. Gen. 109. Spec. 101. Sj/st. 109. Ludw. 290. Mill. iii. 153.

Lychniscabiosa. Boerh. Limnesium. Sigb.

612. Knoxia.
Linn. Gen. 115. Spec. 104. Syst. 11 5.

613. Krameria.
Linn. %st, No. 1 1 16. p. 1362. S99.

614. Lachnjea.
Linn. Gen. 441. Spec. 560. Syst. 441. Ludw. 789.

615. Lactuca.
Linn. Gen. 8 1 4. Spec. 795. Sys<. 814. Blackw. 88. Hall. 755.

Ludw. 340. Mill. i. 479. SchaefK A. 113. Toum. tab. 267.

Weinm. tab. 619, scq.

616. L^ETIA.
Linn. Syst. No. 1149. p. 1373. 1074.

• . 617. Lagerstrcetmia.
Linn. Syst. No. 1146. p. 1372. 1076.

618. Lagcecia.
Linn. Gen. 251. Spec. 203. tysf.251. Ludw. 513. Mill. iii. 154.
Cuminoides. Tourn.*a6. 155. Mill. i. 254.

619. Lagurus.
Linn. Gen. 86. Spec. 81. Syst. 86. Ludw. 822.

620. Lamium.
Linn. Gen. 636. Spec. 579. SyV. 636. Blackw. 1S2. Hall.
640. Ludw. 192. Mill. i. 481. Tourn. tab. 85.
Galeopsis. Riv. i

621. Lantana.
Linn. Ge?i. 683. S/>ec. 626. ^.683. Ludw. 265. Mill. iii. 156.
Camaka. Plum. Mill. i. 161.
 TABLE II '235

Myrobatindum. Vaill.

Viburnum. Weinm. tab. \oo7.

622. Lapsana.
Linn. Gen. 823. Spec. 811. Syst. 823.

I. a mps a ma. Tourn. tab. 272. Hall. 759. Ludw. 328. Mill. i. 4S2.
Wei nm. tab. 073.
Ruagadiolus. Tourn. tab. 272. Ludw. 329.
Zacintha. Tourn. tab. 269. Ludw. 332. Mill. ii. 531.

623. Laserpitium.
Linn. Gen. 306. Spec. 218. Sj/st. 306. Hall. 440. Ludw. 6S4.
Mill. ii. 260. iii. 158. Tourn. tab. 172. Weinm. tab. 647. a.

624. Lathrsa.
Linn. Gen. 661. Spa: 605. Sj/st. 661.

Clandestina. Tourn. tab. 424. Ludw. 229.

Anblatum. Tourn. tab. 481. Squamaria. Riv. Hall. 611.
Ludw. 227.
Phelypjea. Linn. edit, prior.

625. Lathyrus.
Linn. Gen. 781. Spec. 729. Sj/st. 781. Hall. 594-. Ludw. 48S.
Lathyrus. Tourn. tab. 216, 217. Mill. i. 450. Weinm. tab. 628,
seq.

Clymenum. Tourn. tub. 218. Mill. i. 215. Weinm. tab. 295.

Aphaca. Tourn. tab. 223. Mill. i. 65.

626. Lavandula.

Linn. Gen. 630. Spec. 512. Syst. 630. Ludw. 220.

Lavendula. Tourn. tab. 93. Blackw. tab. 294, 295. Mill. i. VJ2.

Schccfi'. A. 80.
Stcechas. Tourn. tab. 95. Blackw. tab. 241. Mill. ii. 303.

627. Lavatera.
.Linn. Gen. 752. %c. 690. Syst. 752. Ludw. 117. Mfll. i. 492.

Tourn. A. G.
256 TABLE II.

628. Laurus.
Linn. Gen. 452. Spec. 369. Syst. 452. Ludw. 133.
Laurus. Tourn. tab. 367. Black, tab. 175. Mill. i. 495. iii. 160.

Schaeff. A. 3. Weinm. tab. 634.

Cinnamomum. Burm. Blackvv. tab. 354.
Camphora. Boerh. Blackw. tab. 347. Mill. i. 165.

Persea. Plum. Mill. ii. 114.

Borbonia. Plum. Mill. iii. 41.
Benzoe. Boerh. Mill i. 119.
Sassafras. Off. Black, tab. 267.

629. Lawsonia.
Linn. Gen. 433. Spec. 349. 433.
Henna. Ludw. 432.

630. Lechea.
Linn. Gen. 102. Spec. 90. Syst. 102.

631. Lecythis.
Linn. Syst. No. 1147. _p. 1372. 1071.

632. Ledum.
Linn. Gen. 483. -Spec. 391. Syst. 483, Ludw. 560.

633. Lemna.
Linn. Ge«. 923. Spec. 970. Syrf. 923.

Lenticula. Mich. Blackw. tab. 380. Hall. 1 28. •

Ludw. 977.
Weinm. tab. 637.
Hydropbace. ,
Buxb.

634. Leontice.
Linn. Gen. 381. Spec. 312. %sf; 38 1

Leontopetalon. Tourn. tab. 484. Ludw. 709. Mill. i. 499.

Weinm. tab. 630.

635. Leontodon.
Linn. Gen. 817. Spec. 798. Syst. 817.
 TABLE II. 237

Dens Leonis. Tourn. tab. 2(36. Mill. i. 268. Taraxacum. Oft".

Hall. 739. Bteckw. tab. 1. Ludw. 339. SchaefF. A. 115. Weinm.

tab. 966.

Taraxaconoides. Vaill.

636. Leonurus.
Linn. Gen. 641. Spec. 584. Sj/st. 611.

Leonurus. Tourn. tab. 87. Ludw. 198. Mill. i. 499. Weinm.

tab. 640.

Cardiaca. Tourn. tab. 87. Blackvv. tab. 17 1. Hall. 639. Ludw.

199. Mill. i. 170. SchaefF. A. 76. Weinm. tab. 307.

637. Lepidium.
Linn. Gen. 7 IS. Spec. 643. Syst. 718.

Lepidium. Tourn. tab. 103. Ludw. 423. Mill. i. 500. Weinm.

tab. 641. a, b.

Nasturtium. Tourn. tab. 102 Blackw. tab. 23. Hall. 543. Ludw.
422. Mill. ii. 71. SchaefF. A. 144. Weinm. tab. 751, 752.

638. .Leucadendron.
Lmn. Gen. 102. Spec. 91. Si/st. 102. Ludw. 291.
Lepidocarpodendron. Boerh. Mill. i. 500.
Hypophyllocarpodendron. Boerh.
Conocarpodendron. Boerh. Mill. i. 221.

639. Leucoium.
Linn. Gen. 363. Spec. 289. Sj/st. 363. Hall. 284. Ludw. 721.
Narcisso-Leucoium. Tourn. tab. 208. A. F. Mill. ii. 66. Wekim.
tab. 642. a.

640. Lichen.
Linn. Gen. 1065. Spec. 1 140. Syst. 1065. Blackw. tab.335, 336.
Hall. 63. Mill. i. 504. Tourn. tab. 325. Weinm. /at. 648.

Lichen. Mich. Ludw. 985.

Lichenoides. Dill. Ludw. 986.
COUALLOIDES. Dill.

Ulnea. Dill.
233 TABLE II.

641. LlGUSTICUM.
Linn. Gen. 303. Spec. 250. Syst. 30S. Hal!. 43 k Ludw. 683.
Ligusticum. Tourn tab. 171. Blackw. tab. 275. Mill. i. 506. iii.

102. ScharfF. A. 240. Weinm. tab. 047* a.

Cicutaria. Tourn. tab. 171. Mill. i. 209.

64-2. LlGUSTRUM.
Linn. Gen. 18. Spec. 7. Sy.rt. 1 8. Blackw. tab. 140. Hall. 527.
Ludvv. 5. Mill. i. 506. iii. 102. SchasfF. A. 320. Tourn. tab. 307.
Weinm. tab. 650. b.

643. Lilium.
Linn. Gen. 371. Spec. 302. %s*.37I. Blackw. ta/>. 11. Hall.
289. Ludw. 715. Mill. i. 513. SchaefF. A. 247. Tourn. tab.
195. Weinm. tab. 051.

044. Limeum.
Linn. Syst. No. 1 128. p. 1300. 995.

045. Limodorum.
Linn. Gen. 904. Spec. 950. 904. Hall. 278. Ludw. 706.
Tourn. tab. 250 ?

040. LlMOSELLA.
Linn. Gen. 694. Spec. 631. Syst. 694. Hall. 609. Ludw. 238.
Plantaginella. Dill.

647. LlNN/EA.
Lirm. Gen. 092. Spec. 031. Syst. 692. Ludw. 23.
Serpillifolia. Buxb.

048. LlNUM.
Linn. Gen. 349. Spec. 277 . 349. Blackw. fad. 1 GO. 308.
Hall. 370. Ludw. 517. Mill. i. 520. Scheefif. A. 210, 211.
Tourn. tab. 170. Weinm. tab. 009.
Radiola. Dill.

Chamjelinuai. Mich. Linodarpon. Mich.

 TABLE II. 238

649. Lippia.
Linn. Gen. 699. Spec. 633. Si/st. 699. Ludw. 228. Mill. i. 521

650. LlQUl DAMBAR,

Linn. Gen. 955. Spec. 999. Si/st. 955. Ludw. 893. Mill. iii. 164.

Weinm. tab. 953.

651. LlRIODENDKOV.
Linn. Gen. 609. Spec. 535. Syst. 609. Ludw. 759.
Tulipifera. Catesb. Mill. ii. 360. Weinm. tab. 997, 998.

652. LlTHOSPERMUM.
Linn. Gen. 166. Spec. 132. Syst. 166. Hall. 517. Ludw. 36.
Mill. i. 521. SchaefF. A. 41. Toum. tab. 55. Weinm. tab. 671.

653. LlTHOXYLON.
Linn. Gen. 1073. Spec. ... Si/st. ...

Lithophyton. Tourn. tab. 341.

Keratophyton. Boerh. Ludw. 1003.
TlTANOKERATOPHYTON. Boerh.

651. Lobelia.
Linn. Gen. 897. Spec. 929. Si/st. 897. Ludw. 272.
Lobelia. Mill. i. 522.
Rapuntium. Tourn. tab. 51. Mill. ii. 192.

DORTMANNA. Rudb.
Laurentia. Mich.

655. Lceflingia.
Linn. Gen. 50. Spec. 35. Sj/st. 50.

656. Lceselia.

Linn. Gen. 685. Spec. 62S. Syst. 685. Ludw. 259.

Royenl. Houst.

657. Lolium.
Linn. Gen. 90. Spec. 83. Syst. 90. Hall. 206. Ludw. 836.

\
 240 TABLE II.

0.58. LONCHITIS.
Linn. Gen. 1041. Spec. 1078. Si/st. 10+1. Ludw. 94-7. Mill. i.

525.

659. Loxicera.
Linn. Gen. 210. Spec. 173. Sj/st. 210. Mill. iii. 166.

Caprifolium. Tourn. tab. 378. Blackw. tub. 25. Hall. 464.

Ludvv. 278. Mill. i. 168. Wc inm. tub. 802.

Periclymenum. Tourn. tub. 37S. Ludw. 280. Mill. ii. 113.

Wcinm. tab. 801.

Chanulcerasus. Tourn. tab. 379. Hall. 464. Ludw. 279. Mill,

i. 109.
Xylosteum. Tourn. tub. 319. Ludw. 281. Mill. ii. 530. Weinm.
tub. 1022.
Symphoricarpos. Dill. Ludw. 70.

660. Loranthus.
Linn. Gen. 400. Spec. 331. Sj/st. 400.

661. Lotus.
Linn. Gen. 803. Spec. 773. Si/st. 803. Hall. 571. Ludw. 490.
Mill. i. 525. iii. 186. Tourn. tab. 227. Weinm. tab. 672.

662. Ludwigia.
Linn. Gere. 142. Spec. 118. Si/st. 142. Ludw. 392. Mill. iii. 168.

663. Lunaria.
Linn. Gen. 725. Spec. 653. Si/st. 725. Hall. 540. Ludw. 417.
Mill. i. 533. Tourn. tub. 105.

664. Lupinus.
Linn. Gen. 774. Spec. 721. Sytf. 774. Blackw. tafc. 2S2. Ludw.
494. Mill. i. 534. SchaefV. A. 158. Tourn. tab. 213. Weinm.
tub. 674.

665. Lychnis.
Linn. (7ew. 517. Spec. 436. Si/st. 517. Ludw. 573. Mill. i. 543.
Tourn. tab. 175. ^. B. Weinm. tab.67S, seq.
 TABLE II. Ml
666. Lycium.
Linn. Gen. 2.32. Spec. 191. Syst. 232.
Jasminoides. DHL Mill. i. 44-7.

667. Lycoperdon.
Linn.'Ge».-10S2. Spec. 1183. Syst. 108ft Battarr. tab. 39. Gled.

tab. 5. Ludw. 973. SchaefF. A. 31 S. B. §. 70.

Lycoperdon. Mich. Tourn. tab. 33 1. Hall. 11. Bovista. DHL
Lycoperdoides. Mich. Hall. 13.

Lycoperdastrum. Mich. Hall. 13.

Geaster. Mich. Hall. 13.

Carpobolus. Mich. Hall. 13.

Tuber. Mich. Hall. 14. Tartufi. Imp.

66s. Lycopodium.
Linn. Gen. 1049. Spec. 1100. Syst. 1049. Ludw. 955.
Lycopodium. Dill. Hall. 92. Weinm. tab. 737. c.

Lycopodioides. Dill. Hall. 93.

Selago. Dill. Hall. 94.

Selaginoides. Dill. Hall. 94.

M

669. Lycopsis.
Linn. Gen. 17 1. Spec. 13S. Syst. 174. Hall. 523. Ludw. 32.

ECHIOIDES. Dill.

670. Lycopus.

Linn. Gen. 31. Spec.2\. Syst. 31. Hall. 660. Ludw. 178. Tourn.
tab. 89.

671. Lyceum.

Linn. Gen. 64. Spec. ... Syst. 64.

672. Lysimachia.

Linn. Gen. 188. Spec. 146. Syst. 188. Hall. 480. Ludw. 42.

Lysimachia. Tourn. tab. 59. Blackw. tab. 278. Mill. i. 547.

Weinm. tab. 688, seq.

Nummulary. Bauh. Mill. ii. 79. Schasff. A. 26. Weinm. tab.

758. e, f.

\
 242 TABLE II.

673. Lythrum.
Linn. Gen. 532. Spec. 44-6. Syst. 532.
Salicaria. Tourn. tab. 129. Hall. 403. Ludw. 734. Mill. ii.

226. Weinm. tab. 688. i.

674. Magnolia.
Linn. Gen. 610. Spec. 535. Syst. 610. Ludw. 760. Mill. ii. 1.

iii. 170.

675. Malope.
Linn. Gen. 753. Spec. 692. Syst. 7 53. Mill. iii. 171.
Malacoides. Tourn. tab. 25. Ludw. 149. Mill. ii. 3.

676. Malpighia.
Linn. Gen. 508. Spec 425. Syst. 508. Ludw. 575. Mill. ii. 13-

iii. 172.

677. Malva.
Linn. Gen. 751. Spec. 6S7. Syst. 75 1 . Hall. 362.

Malva. Tourn. tab. 23, 24. Blackw. tab. 22. Mill. i. 4. iii. 173.
SchaefF. A. 50. Weinm. tab. 693, seq.

Alcea. Tourn. tab. 25. Blackw. tab. 309. Mill. i. 24. iii. 11.
Schaefif. A. 330. Weinm. tab. 33.

Abutilon. Dill. Mill. i. 9.

678. Mammea.
Linn. Gen. 583. Spec. 512. Sj/st. 583. Ludw. 456.
Mambi. Plum. Mill. ii. 6.

679. Mandragora.
Linn. Ge7i. 221. Spec. 181. Syst. 221. Blackw. tab. 364. Ludw.
89. Mill. ii. 7. SchrefF. A. 27. Tourn. tab. 12. Weinm. tab.
70S.

680. Mangifera.
Linn. Gen. 215. Spec. 200. Syst. 245.

681. Maranta.
Li mi. Gen. 5, Spec. 2. Syst. 5. Ludw. 172. Mill. ii. 9.
 TABLE II. 2 13

682. Marccravia.
Linn. Gen. 564. Spec. 503. St/st. 564>. Ludw. 165.

683. Marchantia.
Linn. Gen. 1061. Spec. 1137. Sj/st. 1061.
Marchantia. Mich. Hall. 126.
Hepatica. Mich. Hall. 126.
Marsilea. Mich. Hall. 124-.

Lunularia.* Mich. Hall. 125.

Lichen. Dill. Hall. 126.

6S4. Marrubium.
Linn. Gen. 640. Spec. 582. Sj/st. 640.
Marrubium. Tourn. tab. 91. Hall 648. Ludw. 212. Mill. ii. 10.

Schaeff. A. 92. Weinm. tab. 709.

Pseudodictamnus. Tourn. tab. 89. Ludw. 213. Mill. ii. 165.

685. Marsilea.
Linn. Gen. 1046. Spec. 1099. Sj/st. 1046.
Salvinia. Mich. Ludw. 979.

686. Martynia.
Linn. Gen. 671. .Spec. 618. St/st. 671. Ludw. 260. Mill. ii. 11.

687. Matricaria.
Linn. Gen. 687. Spec. S90. Syst. 867. Elackw. tab. 192. Mill. ii.

12. SchaefF. A. 128. Tourn. tab. 2S1. Weinm. 713-

68S. Matthiola.
Linn. Gen. 1101. Spec. 1192. Sysf. 1101. Ludw. 1016.

689. Medeola.
Linn. Gen. 411. Spec. 339. 41 1. Ludw. 732.

690. Medicago.
Linn. Gen. S05. .Spec. 778. .Sytf. b'05. Ludw. 505.

Meplcaco. Tourn. tab. 231. Mill. ii. 27.

R2
244 TABLE II.

Medica. Tourn. tab. 23J. Hall. .57 8. Mill. ii. 23. Medica
Cochleat a. Mill, it 25. Weinm. tab. 401.

Falcata. Riv. Weinm. tab. 501.

691. Melampodium.
Linn. Gen. 884. Spec. 921. Syst.SSl. Ludw. 315.

692. Melampyrum.
Linn. Gen. 660. Spec. 605. Syst. (UiO. Hall. 625. Ludw. 244.
Mill. ii. 29. Tourn. tab. 78. Weinm. tab. 7 1 6, 7 17.

693. Melanthium.
Linn. Gen. 410. Spec. 339. SySt. 410. Ludw. 1061.

694. Melastoma.
Linn. Gen. 48 1 . Spec. 389. Sj/st. 481. Ludw. 562. Mill. iii. 183.
Acinodendron. Linn. edit, prior.

695. Melia.
Linn. Gen. 473. Spec. 334. 473. Mill. iii. 34.

Azedarach. Tourn. tab. 387. Ludw. 561. Mill.'i. 99. Weinm.

tab. 217.

6{!6. Melianthus.
Linn. Gen. 712. Spec, 639. %Sfc *712. Ludw. 468. Mill. ii. 30.
Tourn. tab. 245. Weinm. 717. c.

697. Melica.
Linn. Gen. Id. Spec. 66. Syst.76. Hall. 215. Ludw. 823. Mill.
i. 823.

6QS. Melissa.
Linn. Getl. 647. Spec. 592. Syst. 647.
Melissa. Tourn. tab. 91. Blackw. fak 27. Hall. 651. Ludw.
214. Mill. ii. 32. iii. 47. Schteff. A. 69. Weinm. tab. 719.
Calamixtha. Tourn. tab. 92. Blackw. tat. 166. Hall. 650. Ludw.
215. Mill. i. 160. Schaeff. A. 08. Weinm. tab. 282, 283.
 TABLE II. 245

699. Melittis.
Linn. Gen. 650. Spec. 697. 650. Ludw. 216.
Melissa. Hall. 650. Melissophyllon. Riv.

700. Melochia.
Linn. Gen. 743. Spec. 674. Syst. 743. Ludw. 545.

701. Melothkia.
Linn. Gen: 48. Spec. 35. SyJ. 48. Ludw. 9. Mill. iii. 192.

702. Memecylon.
Linn. Gen. 432. Spec. 349. Syst. 432.

703. Menispermum.
Linn. Gen. 413. Spec. 340. Syst. 413. Ludw. 733. Mill. ii. 41.

704. Mentha.
Linn. Gen. 633. Spec. 576. 633. Blackw. tub. 22. 290. 292.
Hall. 657. Ludw. 217. Mill. ii. 42. Scheeft'. A. 65. Tourn.
tub. 89. Weinm. tub. 724.

705. Mentzelia.
Linn. Gen. 595. Spec. 516. 595. Ludw. 585. Mill. ii. 42.

706. Menyanthes.
Linn. Gen. 185. Spec. 145. %#. 185. Ludw. 51.
Menoanthes. Hall. 487. Menyanthes. Tourn. tub. 15. Mill,

ii. 43. Trifolium Fibrinum. Off, SchtefK A. 315. Weinm.

tub. 979. d.
Nymphoides. Tourn. tub. 67. Weinm. tub. 761. f.

707. Mercurialis.
Linn. Gen. 998. Spec. 1035. 99S. Blackw. tub. 162. Hall.

194. Ludw. 933. Mill. ii. 43. SchaefK A. 267. Tourn. tab.

308. Weinm. tub. 726.

708. Mesemp>ryanthemum.
Linn. Gen. No. 552. p. 480: Syst. 552.
Ficoides. Tourn. Ludw. 167. Mill. i. 316. iii. 105. Weinm. tub.

508.
246 TABLE II.

709. Mespilus.
Linn. Gen. 549. Spec. 478. Sj/st. 549. Blackw. tab. 154. Hall.
352. Ludw. 617. Mill. ii. 14. iii. 192. Schaeff. A. 199. Tourn.
tab. 410. Weinm. tab. 728.

710. Mesua.
Linn. Gen. 591. Spec. 515. Sj/st. 591. Ludw. 450.

711. MlCHELIA.
Linn. Gen. 61 1. Spec. 536. Syst. 611. Ludw. 745.

712. Microcos.
Linn. Gen. No. 588. p. 514. 588.

713. Micropus.
Linn. Gen. No. 892. p. 927. Sytf. 892. Ludw. 316. Mill. i. 373.
Gnaphalodes. Tourn. tab. 439.

711. Milium.
Linn. Gen. 73. Spec. 61. Syst.73. Hall. 219. Ludw. 820. Mill,
ii. 47. Tourn. tub. 29S. Weinm. tab. 729.

715. Milleria.
Linn. Gen. 881. Spec. 919, Syst. 881. Ludw. 1027. Mill. ii. 48.

716. Mimosa.
Linn. Gen. 597. Spec. 516. Syst. No. 597. p. 1310.
Mimosa. Tourn. tab. 375. Ludw. 157. Mill. ii. 48. Weinm.
tab. 731.
Acacia. Tourn. tab. 375. Blackw. tab. 345. Ludw. 156. Mill. i.

1 0. Weinm. tab. 1 0.

Inga. Plum. Mill. i. 458.

717. MlMULUS.
Linn. Gen. 701. Spec. 634. Syst. 70.1.

CVNORRHYNCHIUM. Mitch.

718. M^imusops.
Linn. Gen. 429. . Spec. 349. Syst. 429.
 TABLE II. 247

719. MlNUARTIA.

Linn. Gen. 100. Spec. 89. Syst. 100.

720. MlRABILIS.

Linn. Gen.lXb. Spec. 177. Sj/st. (215. Weinm. tab. 732.

Jalapa. Tourn. tab. 50. Ludw. 29. Mill. i. 446.

721. MlTCHELLA.

Linn. Gen. 12(3. Spec. 111. Syrt. 126.

Chamjedaphne. Mitch.

722. Mitella.

Linn. Gen. 496. Spec. 406. Syst. 496. Ludw. 565. Mill. ii. 53.

Tourn. tab. 126.

723. Mnium.
Linn. Gen. 1056. Spec. 1109. 1056. Hall. 119. Ludw. 959.

72 k MCEHRINGIA.
Linn. Gen. 444-. Spec. 359. Sj/st. 444. Ludw. 440.

725. Molll'go.

Linn. Gen. 99. Spec. 89. Syst. 99. Ludw. 762. . Mill. iii. 195.

726. Moi.uccella.

Linn. Gen. 643. Sjyec. 587. Syst. 643.

Molucca. Tourn. tat. 88. Ludw. 211. Mill. ii. 55. Weinm. tab.

72S. c.

727. Momordica.

Linn. Gen. 967. Spec. 1009. »%sf. 90

Momordica. Tourn. tab. 29, 30. Ludw. 852. Mill. ii. 56.

Schseff.A. 325. Weinm. tab. 735.

248 TABLE II.

Cucumis Asininus. Rai. Blackw. tab. 108. Elaterium. Boerh.

Ludw. 853. Mill. i. 527. Schaeff. A. 20.

Luffa. Tourn. Dill. Mill. i. 527.

728. Monauda.
Linn. Gen. 34. Spec. 22. Syst. 34. Ludw. 179. Mill. Hi. 195.

729. Monn [Ehia.

Linn. Syst. No. 1 157. p, 1375. 1 153.

730. MoNOTROPA.
Linn. Gen. 477. Spec. 387. Syst. All.
Hvpofitys. Dill. Hall. 411. Ludw. 437. Weinm. tab. 77 4. a.

Orobanciioides. Tourn.

731. Montia.
Linn. Gen. 96. .Spec. 87. Sj/st. 96. Hall. 608. Mill ii. 57.
Cam era ri a. Dill.

Alsinoides. Vaill.

732. Morina.
Linn. Ge?i. 39. Spec. 28. Sysi. 89. Ludw. 174. Mill. ii. 58.
Tourn. tab. 480.
Diototheca. Vaill.

733. MORINDA.
Linn. Gen. 212. Spec. 176. Syst. 212. Ludw. 1017.
Roioc. Plum.
Phillyreastrum. Vaill.

734. Morisonia.
Linn. Gen. 565. Spec. 503. Syst. 565.
,
Ludw. 461.

735. Morus. -

Linn. Gcw. 936. Spec. 9S6. Syst. 936. Blackw. tab. 126. Ludw.
880. Mill. ii. 58. iii. 196. Schaeff: A. 271. Tourn. tab. 362.
Weinm. tab. 736.

736. Mucor.
Linn. Gen. 1083. Spec. 1185. Syst. 1083. Battarr. tab. 1 0. Gled.
tab. 6. Ludw. 991. SchaefF. B. § 70.
 TABLE II. 249

Mucor. Mich. Hall. 7.

Muc:l* "o. Mich. Hall. 5.

Lycogai-a. Mich. Hall, 7.

737. MlJNTINGIA.
Lkm. Gen. 575. Spec. 509. Syst. 575. Ludw. 600. Mill. ii. 60.
iii. 197.

738. MtSA.
Linn. Gen. 1010. Spec- 1013. Sj/st. 1010. Ludw. 370. Mill. ii. 60.
BlBAI. PI um. Mill. i. 1 26.

739. Muss;enda.
Linn. Gen. 214. Spec. 177. Sj/st. 214.

740. Myagrum.
Linn. Gen. 713. Spec. 640. Sj/st. 713. Ludw. 399. Mill. ii. 62.

741. Myosotis.
Linn. Gen. 165. Spec. 131. <Sys/. 165.
Scorpiurus. Knaut. Hall. 519.

Lithospermi Species. Tourn.

742. Myosurus.
Linn. Gen. 355. Spec. 284. Sjwtf. 355. Ludw. 619. Mill. iii. 198.

Myosuros. Did. Cauda Muris. Wtinm. tab. 346. a.

743. Myrica.
Linn. Gen. 981. Spec. 1024. Syit. 981. Ludw. 922. Mill. i. 340.
iii. 198.

Gale. Tourn. Mill. i. 340.

744. Myriophyllum.
Linn. Gen. 945. Spec. 992. %& 945.
Pentapterophylldm. Dill. Ludw. 797.
Pentapteris. Hall. 201.

745. Myrsine.
Linn. Gen. 238. Spec. 196. Syst. 238. Ludw. 95.
250 TABLE II.

746. Myrtus.
Linn. Gen, 543. Spec. 471. Sj/st. 543. .Blackw. tab. 114. Ludw.
603. Mil), ii. 63. SchaeflT. A. ] QO. Weinra. tab. 745.

747. Naias.
Linn. Gen. 974. S;»ee. 1015. Sysf. 974. Ludw. 848.
Fjluviaus. Vaill.

748. Nama.
Linn. Gen. 282. Spec. 226. Sytf. 282.

749. Naptea.
Linn. Gen. 748. Spec. 686. Sy.rt. 748.

750. Narcissus.
Lin. Gen. 364. Spec. 289. Syst. 364. Hall. 284. Ludw. 118.
Mill. ii. 67. iii. J 99. Tourn. tab. 185. Weinm. tab. 747, seq.

751. Nardus.
Linn. Gen. 65. Spec. 53. Syst. 65. Hall. 203. Ludw. 814.

752. Nepenthes.
Linn. Gen. 909. Spec. 955. Syst. 909. Ludw. 767.

753. Nepeta.
Linn. Gen. 629. Spec. 570. Syst. 629. Schaeff. A. 72. Weinm.
tab. 725. c.

Cataria. Hall. 649. Ludw. 205. Mill. i. 185. iii. 53.

754. Nerium.
Linn. Gen. 262. Spec. 209. Syst. 262. Ludw. 103. Mill. ii. 75.
Tourn. lab. 374. Weinm. tab. 754, seq.

755. Neurada.
Linn. Gen. 520. S/xr. 4H. Syst. 520. Ludw. 579.

756. Nicotiana.
Linn. Gen. 220. Spec. 180. Syst. 220. Blackw. /a&. 146. Ludw.
5S. Mill. ii. 277. Tourn. tab. 41. Weinm. tei.757. a.

Tabacum. Rai. ScheefF. A. 3 1

 TABLE II. 251

757. Nig ella.

Linn. Gen. 606. Spec. 534-. Syst. 606. Hall. 316. Ludw. 6 14-.
Mill. ii. 78. ScheefF. A. 171. Tourn. tab. 134. Weinm. lab.

757. b, c.

75 S. NlTRARIA.
Linn. Sj/st. No. 1 1 30. p. 1369. 104-4. •

759. Nyctanthes.
Linn. Gen. 16. Spec. 6. Syst. 16. Tourn. tab. 36S.

760. Nymph;ea.
Linn. Ge«. 579. Spec. 510. Sysf. 579. Ludw. 750.
NvMPHiEA. Tourn. tab. 137, 13S. Hall. 302. Mill. ii. 81. Scheeffi

A. 262. Weinm. tab. 761.

Nelumbo. Tourn.
Leuconvmphjea. Bocrh.

761. Nyssa.
Linn. Gen. 1028. Spec. 1058. Syst. 1028. Ludw. 913.

762. Obolaria.
Linn. Gen. 696. .Spec. 632. 'Syst. 696. Ludw. 256.

763. Ochna.
Linn. Gen. 584. Sjpor! 513. Syst. 584.

Jabotafita. Plum. Ludw. 1063.

764. OcYMuM.
Linn. Gen. 651. Spec. 597. S^of. 651. Ludw. 226. Mill. ii. 83.

iii. 200. Tourn. tab. 96. Weinm. tab. 762.

Basilicum. liai. Blackw. lab. 104. SchfiefE A, 91.

765. CEnanthe.
Linn. Gen. 314. Spec. 254. 314. Hall. 431. Ludw. 678.
Mill. ii. 84. Tourn. lab. 166.

766. G^nothera.
Linn. Gen. 424. Spec. 346. Syst. 424.
252 TABLE II.

Onagra. Tourn. tab. 156. Hall. 410. Ludvv. 434. Mill. ii. 36.

Weinm. tab. 688. b.

767. Olax.
Linn. Gen. 45. Spec. 34. Syst. 45.

768. Oldenlandia.
Linn. Gen. 143. Spec. 119. Syst. 143. Ludw. 1032. Mill. ii. 84.

760. Olea.
Linn. Gen. 20. Spec. 8. Syst. 20. Blackw. 199. 213. Ludw.
2. Mill. ii. 85. Schajff. A. 3 1 9. Tourn. tab. 370. Weinm. tab.

764.

770. Olyra. *

Linn. Syst. No. 1168. p. 1379. 1261.

771. Omphalea.
Linn. Syst. No. 1166. p. 1378. 1264.

772. Onoclea.
Linn. Gen. 1034 Spec. 1062. 1034.
Angiopteris. Mich.

773. Ononis.
Linn. Gen. 772. Spec.7\6. Syst.772. Schaeff. A. 165.

AnoiJiS. Town. tab. 229. Blackw. 301 . Hall. 588. Ludw.

485. Mill. i. 59. Schaeff. A. 165. Weinm. taj. 139. 141.

774. Onopoudum.
Linn. Gen. 834. Spec. 827.. 834. Hall. 674. Ludw. 310.
Cardui Species. Tourn. tab. 253.

775. Ophioglossum.
Linrt. Gen. 1035. Spec. 1062. %s/..1035. Hall. 131. Ludw.
952. Mill. ii. 89. Tourn. tab. 325. Weinm. tab. 765. c, f.

776. Ophiorrhiza.
Linn. Gen. 193. Spec. 150. Sysf. 193.
 TABLE II. 253

777. Ophioxylon.
Linn. Gen. 1011. Spec. 1013. Syst. 1011.

778. Ophrys.
Linn. Gen. 902. Spec. 9+5. Syst. 902.
Ophris. Tourn. tab. 250. Hall. 277. Ludvv. 702. Mill. ii. 125.
Weinm. tub. 769. a. Bifolium. Mill. i. 125.

779. Orchis.
Linn. Gen. 900. Spec. 939. Syst. 900. Hall. 262. Ludw. 698.
Mill. ii. 92. Tourn. toft. 247. Weinm. tab. 767, seq.

780. Origanum.
Linn. Gen. 6-15. Spec. 588. Syst. 645. Hall. 656. Ludw. 221.
Origanum. Tourn. tab. 94. Blackw. tab. 280. Mill. ii. 93.
SchsefT. A. 64. Weinm. tab. 772.

Ma.iorana. Tourn. Blackw. M& 319. Mill. ii. 2. SchaefF. A.

56. Weinm. tab. 691, 692.

781. Ornithogalum.
Linn. Gen. 377. -Spec. 306. Syst. 377. Hall. 294. Ludw. 713.
Mill. ii. 94. iii. 200. Tourn. tab. 203. B, //, /, A". Weinm.
tab. 773.
Stellaris. Dill.

782. Ornithopus.
Linn. Gen. 790. Spec. 743. Syst. 790.
Ornithopodium. Tourn. tod. 224. Hall. 572. Ludw. 502. Mill,

ii. 96. Weinm. tab. 773.

783. Orobanche.
Linn. Gere. 697. Spec. 632. Syst. 697. Hall. 610. Ludw. 231.
Tourn. tab. 81. Weinm. tab. 774.

Aphyxlon. Mich.

784. Orobus.
Linn. Gen. 780. Spec. 728. 780. Blackw. tab. 208. Hall.

602. Ludw. 489. Mill. ii. 96. Tourn. tab. 21 4. Weinm. tab.

775.
 TABLE II.

785. Orontium.
Linn. Gen. 393. Spec. 324-. Sj/st. 395.

Akonia. Mitch.

786. Ortegia.
Linn. Gen. 49. Spec 560. Syst. 49.

787. Orvala.
Linn. Gen. 635. Spec 518. Syst. 635. Ludvv. 197.

Papia. Mich.
788. Oryza.
Linn. Gen. 404. Spec. 333. Syst. 404. Lndvv. 839. Mill. ii. 97.
'
Toifrn. tab. 296. Weinm. tab. 775. f.

7S9. Osbeckia.
Linn. Gen. 422. Spec. 345. Syst. 422.

790. OsMUNDA.
Linn. Gen. 1036. Spec 1063. Syst. 1036. Blackw. tab. 324.
Hall, 130. Ludvv. 951. Mill. ii. 98. Tourn. tab. 324.

791. OSTEOSPERMUM.
Linn. Gen. 887. Spec. 923. Syst. 887. Ludw. 350. Mill. iii. 202.
Monilifera. Vaill. Chrysanthemoides. Tourn. Mill. i. 205.
Weinm. tab. 369.

792. Osyris.
Linn. Gen. 978. Spec 1022. Syst. 913. Ludw. 920. Mill. iii. 203.
Casia. Tourn. tab. 488. Mill. i. 179.

793. Othonna.
Linn* Go*. 888. Spec 924. Syst. 888. Ludw. 355. Mill. iii. 203.
Jacob/Eastrum. Vaill.

794. Ovieda.
Linn. Gen. 705. Spec 637. Syst. 105.
Valdia. Plum. Ludw. S !

795. Oxalis.
Linn. Gen. 515. Spec. 433. 515.
 TABLE II. 255

Oxys. Tourn. tab. 19. Blackw. tab. 308. Hall. 364-. Ludvv. 143.
Mill. ii. 98.

Acetosella. Off. Schaeff. A. 44. Weinm. tab. 20.

Oxyoides. Garc. Luiula. Sig.

796. P.TiONIA.
Linn. Gen. 600. Spec. 530. Syst. 600. Blackw. tab. 65. 245. Hall.
310. Mill. ii. 99. Schaeff. A. 212. Weinm. tab. 776, seq.

Pceonia. Tourn. tab. 146. Ludw. 751.

797. Panax.
Linn. Gen. 1031. Spec. 1058. Sj/st. No. 1031. p. 1314.
Ar.-vliastrum. Vaill. Ludvv. 532.
Aureliana. Lark.
Ninsi. Breyn.
Panacea. Mitch.

798. Pancratium.
Linn. Gew. 365. Spec. 290. Syst. 365. Ludw. 728. Mill. ii. 103.

799. Panicum.
Linn. Gen. 70. Spec. 55. Syst. 70. Hall. 233. Ludw. 819. Mill,
ii. 104. Weinm. tab. 786.

800. Pa paver.
Linn. Gen. 573. Spec. 506. Syst. 573. Blackw. tab. 2. Hall. 303.

Ludvv. 446. Mill. ii. 105. Scha;ff.A. 137, 138. Tourn. tab 1 19.

Weinm. tab. 788, seq.

801. Parietaria.

Linn. Gen. 1020. Spec. 1052. Syst. 1020. Blackw. tab. 156. Hall.

177. Ludw. 763. Mill. ii. 106. Schaeff A. 272. Tourn. ta b.

289. Wfeinm. tab. 79S.

802. Paris.
Linn. Gen. 449. Spec. 367'. Syst. 449. Hall. 412. Ludw. 445.
Mill. iii. 206. Schaeff A. 155. Weinm. <ai. 799. a, b, c.

HkRBA Paris. Tourn. tab. 117. Blackw. tab. 286. Mill. i. 402.
256 TABLE II.

803. Parkinsonia.
Linn. Gen. 460. Spec. 375. Si/st. 460. Ludw. 643. .Mill. ii. 107.

804. Parnassia.
Lino. Gen. 34-$. Spec. VIS. Syrt'. 345. Hall. 316. Ludw. 516.
Mill. ii. 107. Tourn. tab. 127.

805. Parthenium.
Linn. Gen. 939. Spec. 988. Si/st. 939. Ludw. 311.
Partiieniasthum. Niss. Mill. ii. 109. iii. 207.
Hysterophorus. Vaill.

806. Paspalum.
Linn. Sj/st. No. 1 107. p. 1359. 855.

807. Passer in a.
Linn. Gen. 440. Spec. 559. Si/st. 440. Hall. 187. Ludw. 790.
Mill. iii. 207.
Sanamunda. Magnol.

808. Passiflora.
Linn. Gen. 910. Spec. 955. Si/st. 910.
Granadilla. Tourn. tab. 124. Ludw. 539. Mill. i. 376. ii. 60.
Murucuia. Tourn. tab. 125. Mill. ii. 60.

809. Pastinaca.
Linn. Gen. 324. Spec. 262. Sj/sl. 324. Blackw. tab. 379. Hall.
446. Ludw. 656. Mill. ii. 109. SchaefF. A. 235. Tourn. tab.
170. Weinm. tab. 799.

810. Patagonula.
Linn. Gen, 191. Spec. 149. Sysf. 191. 'Ludw. 72.
Patagonica. Dill.

811. Pavetta.
Linn. Gen. 124. Spec. 1 10. Sj/st. 124.

812. Paulunia.
Linn. Gen. 416. /Spec. 365. Si/st. 446. Ludw. 441.
 TABLE II. 257

Seriana. Plum. Mill. ii. 2.5 k

Cururu. Plum. Mill. i. 255.

813. Pectis.
Linn. Syst. No. 1 160. p. 1376. 1221.

814. Pedauum.
Linn. Syst. No. 1 155. p. 1375. 1123.

815. Pedicularis.
Linn. Gen. 664. Spec. 607. Syst. 664. Hall. 620. Ludvv. 24-1.
Mill. ii. 1 1 1. Tourn. 77. Weinm. tab. S00. A, D,H,I,K,L.

816. Pecanum.'
Linn. Gen. 530. Spec. 4,4*. Sj/si. 530.
Harmala. Tourn. tab. 133. Blackvv. tab. 310. Ludw. 5S6. Mill,
i. 388.

817. Pen^a.
Linn. Gen. 129. Spec. 111. Syst. 129.

818. Pentapetes.
Linn. Gen.131. Spec.6Q8. Syst. 157.
Pterospermadendron. Amm. Ludvv. 1059.

819. Penthorum.
Linn. Gen. 5 14-. Spec. 432. Sytf. 514. Ludvv. 800.

820. Peplis.
Linn. Gen. 402. Spec. 332. Syst. 402. Hall. 406. Ludw. 710.
Andrachnoides. Sigesb. Portula. Dill. Glaucoides. Mich.

821. Periploca.
Linn. Gen. 267. Spec. 211. Syst. 267. Ludw. 102. Mill. ii. 113.

iii. 208. Tourn. tab. 22.

822. Petesia.
Linn. Syst. No. 1 113. p. 1361. 894.
S
258 TABLE II.

823. Petiveria.
Linn. Gen. 417. Spec. 342. Si/st. 417. Ludw. 788. Mill. ii. 127.

824. Petrea.
Linn. Gen. 082. Spec. 626. Syst. 082. Ludw. 1040.

825. Peucedanum.
Linn. Gen. 302. Spec. 245. Syst. 302. Hall. 442. Ludw. GG8.
Mill. ii. 127. Schaeff. A. 241. Tourn. tab. 109. Weinm. tab.

806.

820. Peziza.
Linn. Gen. 10S0. Spec. 1180. Syst. 1080. Gled. 4. Hall. 18.
Schasffi B. §. 70.
Cyathoides. Mich. Hall. 17. Ludw. 972.
Fungoidis Species. Vaill.

Fungus Memeranaceus. Battafr. tab. 3.

827. Phaca.
Linn. Gen. 798. Spec. 155. Syst. 798. Mill. iii. 218.
Astragaloides. Tourn. tab. 223. Hall. 509. Ludw. 481. Mill. i.

89.
828. Phalaris
Linn. Gen. 09. Spec. 54. Syst, Q9. Ludw. 810.

829. Phallus.
Linn. Gen. 1077. Spec. 1 178. Syst.'} 07 7. Gltd. tab. 1. Ludw.
908. Schajff. B. §. 70. G.
Phallus. Mich. Hall. 24.

Boletus. Mich. Hall. 23. Morchela. Dill. Battarr. tab. 2.

Phallokoletus. Mich. Battarr. tab. 40.

830. Pharnaceum.
Linn. Gen. 341. Spec. 272. Srs*. 341. Ludw. 783.

•
831. Pharus.
Linn. Syst. 1109. -Spec. p. 1379. 1209.

832. Phascum.

Linn. Gen. 1052. Spec. 1100. Syst. 1052.

 TABLE II. 259

S3.3. Phaseolus.
Linn. Gen. 777. Spec. 723. Sj/st. 111. Ludw. 491. Mill. ii. 135.
Schaetf. A. 169. Toum. tub. 232. Weinm. tab. 807, seq.

834. Phellandrium.
Linn. Gen. 315. Spec. 255. Sj/st. 315. Hall. 432. Ludw. 694.
Tourn. lab. 161.

835. Philadelphus.
Linn. Gen. 540. Spec. 470. Syst. 540.
Syringa. Tourn. tab. 3S9. Ludw. 403.
Jasminum. Weinm. tab. 602. g.

836. Phillyrea.
Linn. Gen. 19. Spec. 7. Syst. 19. Ludw. 3. Mill. ii. 137. iii. 219.
Tourn. tab. 367. Weinm. tab. 809. f.

837. Phleum.
Linn. Gen. 71. Spec. 59. 71. Hall. 231. Ludw. 817.

838. Phlomis.
Linn. Gen. 642. Spec. 584. Syst. 642. Ludw. 196. Mill, ii. 139.

Tourn. tab. 82.

839. Phlox.
Linn. Gen. 197. Spec. 1>1. %fff. 197.

Lychnoidea. Dill. Ludvv. 69.

840. Phcenix.
Linn. Gm. 10S9. Spec. 1188. Sys/. 10S9. Ludw. 908.
Elate. Mus. Cliff.

Katotindel. H. M.

841. Phryma.
Linn. Gen. 656. p. 601. Syst. 656.
Leptostachia. Mitch.

842. Piiylica.
Linn. Gen. 236. Spec. 195. Sytf. 236. Mill. iii. 221.

PuiLycA\ Ludw. 68.

S 2
260 TABLE II.

8+3. Phyllanthus.
Linn. Gen. 932. Spec. 981. Syst. 932. Blackw. tak 400. Ludw.
868. Mill. iii. 222.

814. Phyllis.
Linn. Gen. 28G. Spec. 232. Syst. 280. Luchv. 529. Mill. iii. 223.
Buplelroides. Mill. i. 149.

8+5. Physalis.
Linn. Gen. 223. Spec. 182. Syst. 223.
Alkekengi. Tourn. tab. 64. Blackw. 161. Hall. 50S. Ludw.
86. Mill. i. 25. Weinm. tab. 931. a.

8+6. Phyteuma.
Linn. Gen. 203. Spec. 170. 5^.203.
Rapunculus. Tourn. tab. 38. Hall. 497. Ludw. 276. Mill, ii

191. Weinm. tab. 862. il, e, f.

847. Phytolacca.
Linn. Gen. 521. Spec. 444. Sys/. 521. Ludw. 580. Mill. ii. 140.
Tourn. tab. 154.

848. Picris.
Linn. Gen. SI 2. Spec. 792. Syst. SI 2. Hall. 751. Ludw. 335.
Helminthotheca. Vaill.

819. PlLULARIA.
Linn. Gen. 1347. Spec. 1100. Si/sf. 101-7. Hall. 129. Ludw. 978.

850. PlMPlNELL A.
Linn. Gen. 32S. Spec. 263. i%ffl*. 328. Ludw. 672. Scheeff. A.
232.
Traooselinum. Tourn. tab. 163. Hall. 42S. Mill. ii. 349. Weinm.
tab. 81 1, 812.

Anisum. Rai. Blackw. tab. 374. Ludw. 695. Weinm. tab. 138.

851. PlNGLICULA.

Linn. pen. 28. Spec. 17. %tf.28. Hall. 611. Ludw. 1022. Mill
iii. 224. Tourn. tab. 74. Weinm. tab. 812. h.
 TABLE II. 261

852. Pinus.
Linn. Gen. 956. Spec. 1000. Syst. 956.

Pikus. Tourn. tab. 355. Blackw. tab. ISO, 190. Hall. 149. Ludw.
885. Mill. ii. 142. SchaefF. A. 297. Weiam. tab. 813.

Abies. Tourn. tab. 353, 354. Blackw. tab. 203. Hall. 147. Ludw.
883. Mill. i. 1. iii. 1. Schseflf. A. 298. Weinm tab. 1. 3.

Lauix. Tourn. tab. 357. Hall. 148. Ludw. 884. Mill. i. 488. iii.

158. Schajff. A. 209. Weinm. tab. 627.

Cedrus Libani. Edw. Mill. i. 186.

853. Piper.
Linn. Gen. 42. Spec. 28. Syst. 42. Blackw. tab, 355, 356. Ludw.
938. Weinm. tab. Sl-i, seq.

854. Piscidia.
Linn. Gen. No. 1158. p. 1376. 1155.
Piscipula. Loefl. Ichthyometra. Brown.

855. Pisonia.
Linn. Gen. 984. Spec. 1026. Syst. 984. p. 1384. Blackw. tab.

348. Ludw. 904. Mill. ii. 143.

Pentagonotheca. Vaill.

856. Pistacia.
Linn. Gen. 9S2. Spec. 1025. Syst. 982.
Terebinthus. Tourn. tab. 345. Ludw. 926. Mill. ii. 316. Weinm.
tab. 816.
Lentiscus. Tourn. Blackw. tab. 195. Ludw. 927. Mill. i. 498.
Weinm. tab. 638. a.

857. Pistia.

Linn. Gen. 912. Spec. 963. Syst. 912.

Kodda-Pail. Plum.
Aristolochia. Ludw. 283.

858. Pisum.
Lion. Gen. 779. Spec. 1 21 . Syst. 779. Ludw. 487,
262 TABLE II.

Pisum. Toum. tab. 215. Blackw. tab. 83. Mill. ii. 144. Schaeff'.

A. 163. Weinm. tab. 817, ,«vy.

Ochkus. Toum. tab. 219, 220. Mill. ii. 81.

859. Plantago.
Linn. Gen. 133. Spec, 112. .S><tf. 133. Hall. 470. Ludw. 22.

Plantago. Toum. tab. 48. Blackw. tab. 14. 35. Schawl'. A. 13.

Weinm. tab. 820,

Couonopus. Tourn. tab. 49. Blackw. 120. Mill. i. 236.
Weinm. tab. 430. g.
Psyllium. Tourn. tab. 49. Mill. ii. 165. Schoeff. A. 14. Weinm.
tab. 837.

860. Platan us.

Linn. Gen. 9.54. Spec. 999. -%s*. 954. Ludw. 80S. Mill. ii. 148.
'

Tourn. tab. 363.

861. Plinia.
Linn. Gen, 596. Spec. 516. Syst. 596. Ludw. 160. Mill. ii. 149.

862. Plukenetia.
Linn. Gen. 964. Spec. 1192. 964. Ludw. 1064.

863. Plumbago.
Linn. Gen. 196. Spec. 151. Syst. 196. Ludw. 30. Mill. ii. 150.
Tourn. tab. 58. Weinm. /a£. 460. f.

864. Plumekia. '

Linn. Gen. 263. Spec. 209. Sys*. 263. Ludw. 104. Mill. ii. 150.
Tourn. lab. 439.

865. Poa.
Linn. Gen. 11. Spec. 67. Syst.ll. Hall. 211. Ludw. 831.

866. Podophyllum.
Linn. Gen. 571. tyec. 505. 571.

Anapodophyllon. Tourn. tab. 122. Ludw. 746. Mill. i. 42. iii.

19.
 TABLE II. 263

867. PoiNCIANA.
Linn. Gen. 462. Spec. 380. Si/st. 462. Ludw. 61-2. Mill. ii. 151.
Tourn. tab. 391.

868. Polemonium.
Linn. Gen. 200. Spec. 1 62. Syst. 200. Hall. 490. Ludw. 65.
Mill. ii. 153. Tourn. tab. 61.

Valeriana Grjeca. Weinm. tab. 1002. g.

869 PoLlANTHES.
Linn. Gen. 384. Spec. 316. Syst. 384. Ludw. 123. Mill. iii. 229.
Tluekosa. Heist. Hyacinhius Tuberosus. Buerh. Mill. i. 415.

870. Por.YCARPON.
Linn. Syst. lliO. Spec. p. 1360. 881.

871. PoLYCNEMUM. .

Linn. Gen. 5,1. Spec. 35. 51.

Camphorata. Ludw. 765.

872. Polygala.
Liun. Gen. 761. Spec. 701. Syst. 761. Lndw. 386.
Polygala. Tourn. tab. 79. Hall. 606. Mill. ii. 154. Weimn. tab.

823.
Cham;ebuxus. Tourn. Polygaloides. Dill. Hall. 607. Weinm.
tab. 301. a.

Penjea. Plum.
Heisteria. Linn. edit, prior.

873. Polygonum.
Linn. Gen. 445. .Spec. 359. S^St. 445.
Polygonum. Tourn. tab. 290. Blackw. tab. 315. Hall. 182.

Ludw. 793. Schaeff'.A. 282. Weinm. tab. 824, seq. Centino-

dium. Mill. i. 192.
Bistorta. Tourn. tab. 291. Blackw. tab. 254. Hall. 17S. Ludw.
795. Mill. i. 127. Schjeff. A. 280. Weinm. tab. 244, 245.
Persicaria. Tourn. tab. 290. Blackw. tab. 118, 119. Hall. 179.

Ludw. 778. Mill. ii. 125. Schajft! A. 279. Weinm. tab. 803,
seq.
204 TABLE II.

Fauopyrcm. Tourn. tab. 290. Hall. 172. Ludw. 794. Mill. i.

309. Schseff. A. 281. Weinm. tab. 501 . d.

Helxine. Linn, edit, prior.

Hyuropiper. Dod. Mill. i. 417.

874. Polymnia.
Linn. Gen. 889. Spec. 926. Syst. 889.

875. PoLYPODIUM.
Linn. Gen. 1043. Spec. 10S2. Syst. 1043. Hall. 137. Ludw. 944.
Polypodium. Tourn. tab. 316. Blackw. tab. 215. Mill. ii. 156.

Schaeff.A. 310. Weinm. tab. 825. h.

Lonchitis. Tourn. tab. 314. Mill. i. 324.

Filix. T. Blackw. tab. 323. Sehaeff. A. 311. Weinm. tab. 510,
seq.

876. Polyp rem um.

Linn. Gen. 128. Spec. 111. Sj/st. 128.

877. POLYTRICHUM.
Linn. Gen. 1055. Spec. 1109. Syst. 1055. Ludw. 956. Hall. 106.

Adianthum Aureum. Rai. Blackw. tab. 37 1

878. PoNTEDERIA.
Linn. Gen. 361. Spec. 288. Sj/st. 361. Ludw. 284.
Mich eli a. Houst.

879. Populus.
Linn. Gen. 996. Spec. 1034. Sj/tf. 996. Blackw. tab. 248. Hall.
156. Ludw. 932. Mill. ii. 157. Schseff. A. 296. Tourn. tab.
365. Weinm. tab. 826, seq.

880. Porella. •

Linn. Gen. 1050. Spec. 1106. Sj/st. 1050.

881. PORTLANDIA.
Linn. Syst. No. 1121. j?. 1364. 92S.
 TABLE II. 26.5

8S2. PoRTULACA.
Linn. Gen. 531. Spec. 445. Syst. 5!U. Blackw. tab. 2S7. Hall.
392. Ludw. 582. Mill. ii. 150. iii. 16. Schttff. A. 173. Tourn.
tab. 118. Weinm. tab. 82S.

Anacampseros. Linn. edit, prior.

Telephiastum. Dill.

883. Pot amog eton.

Linn. Gen. 160. Spec. 126. Syst. 160. Hall. 199. Ludw. 397.
Tourn. tab. 103. Weinm. tab. 829, seq.

8S4. PoTFNTlLLA.
Linn. Gen. 559. Spec. 495. Syst. 559. Ludw. 621. Mill. iii. 232.
Quinquefolium. Tourn. tab. 153. Hall. 340. Mill. ii. 184.
Schsefi". A. 206. Weinm. tab. 847. Pentaphvllum. Rai.
Pentaphylloides. Tourn. Mill. ii. 111.
Anserina. Blackw. tab. 6. SchcefF. A. 207. Weinm. tab. 142.

885. Poterium.
Linn. Gen. 948. Spec. 904. Syst. 948. Ludw. 19.

Pimpinella. Tourn. tab. 68. Hall. 469. Mill. ii. 141,

886. Pothos.
Linn. Gen. 918. Spec. 968. Syst. 918.

887. Prasium.

Linn. Gen. 655. Spec. 601. Syst. 655. Ludw. 195. Mill. iii. 233.

888. Prenanthes.
Linn. Gen. 816. Spec. 797. Syst. 816. Hall. 754. Ludw. 336.
Mill. iii. 233.

889. Primula.

Linn. Gen. 180. Spec. 142. Syst. 180. Hall. 482. Ludw. 50. .

Primula Veris. Tourn. tab. 47. Blackw. tab. 52. 226. Mill. ii.

159. Scha-fF. A. 2.5. Weinm. tab. 831, sey.

Auricula Ursi. Tourn. 46. Mill. i. 98. iii. 34. Weinm. tab.

207. 216.
206 TABLE II.

890. Prinos.
Linn. Gen. 39S. Spec. 330. Syst. 39S. Ludw. 128. Mill. iii. 234-.

891. Prockia.
Linn. Syst. No. 1 1 IS. p. 1372. 1074.

S92. Proserpinaca.
Linn. Gen. 97. Spec. 88. Syst. 97.
Trixis. Mich.

893. Protf.a.
Linn. Gen. 104. Spec. 94. Sfyst, 104. Ludw. 292. Mill. iii. 234.
CoNOCARPODENDRON. Boerh.

894. Prunella.
Linn. Gen. 654. Spec. 600. &fit. 654.
Brunella. Tourn. tab. S4. Blackw. Lab. 24. Hall. 636. Ludw.
201. Mill. i. 144. Schaefl'. A. 73. Weinm. tab. 268'.

Consolida Minor. Olfic.

895. Prunus.
Linn. Gen. 546. Spec. 473. Sj/st. 546.
Prunus. Tourn. tab. 398. Blackw. tab. 305. Hall. 355. Ludw.
594. Mill. ii. 161. Schajft". A. 187. Weinm. tab. 835.

Armeniaca. Tourn. tab. 399. Blackw. tab. 261. Ludw. 595.

Mill. i. 6S. Weinm. tab. 698.
Cerasus. Tourn. tab. 401. Hall. 356. Ludw. 593. Mill. i. 194.
Scha?iT. A. 188. Weinm. tab. 350, seij.

Padus. Linn. edit, prior. Hall. 357. Ludw. 592. Mill, iii,

203. Laurocerasus. Tourn. tab. 403. Mill. i. 493.

S96. Pstdium.
Linn. Gen. 541. Spec. 470. Syst. 541.

Guaiava. Tourn. tab. 443. Ludw. 602. Mill. i. 384. Weinm.

tab. 561. b.

897. Psora lea.

Linn. Gen. 801. Spec. 762. Syst. 801. Ludw. 637.
Dalea. Linn. edit, prior. Mill. iii. 87.
 TABLE II. 267

898. Psychotria.
Linn. Syst. A\>. U22. p. 1364. 929.
PSYCHOTROPHUM. BlOUn.

899. PrEi^A.
Linn. Gen. 14!. Spec. 118. Sfyst. HI. Ludw. 1031. Mill. iii. 235.

900. Ptekis.
Linn. Gen. 1038. Spec. 1073. Syst. 1038. Ludw. 9+6.
Filix. Hall. 132.

001. Pui.MONARIA.

Linn. Gen. 169. .Spec. 135. Syst. 169. Blackw. tab. 376. Hall.

516. Ludw. 37. Mill. ii. 167. Schaeft'. A. 36. Tourn. tab. 55.

Weinm. tab. 956. b.

902. Punica.
Linn. Gen. 544. .Spec. 472. Syst. 544. Blackw. tab. 97. 145.

Ludw. 736. Mill. ii. 169, Schaeflf. A. 257. Tourn. ta b. 407.

903. Pyrola.
Linn. Gen. 490. Spec. 396. Syst. 490. Ludw. 650. Mill. ii. 170.

SchaefF. A. 218. Tourn. tab. 134. Weinm. tab. 841.

Pirola. Hall. 420.

904. Pykus.
Linn. Gen. 550. Spec. 479. Syst. 550. Hall. 35i, Ludw. 618.
Pyrus. Tourn. tab. 404. Mill. ii. 171. iii. 173. Weinm. tab. 842.

Malus. Tourn. tab. 406. Black, tab. 11 I. Mill. ii. 5. Weinm.

ftt&. 704.
Cydonia. Tourn. *a&. 405. Blackw. tab. 137, Mill. i. 257. Scha-fF.
A. 200. Weinm. tab. 703.

905. Q.UERCLS.
Linn. Gen. 949. §WC. 994. Syst. 9 19. Ludw. 890.
Quercus. Tourn. tab. 349. Hall. 159. Mill. ii. 181. SchaefF. A.
293. Weinm. tab. 845.
268 TABLE II.

Ilex. Tourn. tab. 850. Blackw. tab. 186. Weinm. tab. 603.
Suber. Tourn. Blackw. tab. J 93. Mill. ii. 306. Weinm. tab. 954.

906. Queiua.
Linn. Gen. 101. Spec. 90. Syst. 101.

907. Raiania.
Linn. Gen. 994-. Spec. 1032. Syst. 994. Ludw. 930.
Jan-Raia. Plum.

908. Randia.
Linn. Gen. 194. Spec. 1192. Syst. 194. Ludw. 1065. Mill. ii. 185.

909. Ranunculus.
Linn. Gen. 619. Spec. 548. Syst, 619.

Ranunculus. Tourn. 149. AC. Blackw. tab. 31. Hall. 321.

Ludw. 623. Mill. ii. 186. iii. 244. Schteff. A. 213. Weinm.
tab. 849, scq.

Ficaria. Dill. Hall. 321. Ludw. 755. Chelidonium Minus.

Boerh. Blackw. tab. 5 1 . Mill. i. 203. Schaeff. A. 26 1 . Weinm.
tab. 366., b. Marisca. Sigb.
Ranunculoides. Vaill.

% 910. Raphanus.
Linn. Gen. 736. Spec. 669. Syst. 736.
Raphanus. Tourn. tab. 114. Blackw. tab. 8 1 . Hall. 555. Ludw.
404. Mill. ii. 190. Schaeff. A. 145. Weinm. tab. 860, seq.
Raphanistrum. Tourn. tab. 115. Ludw. 402. Mill. ii. 190.

911. Rauwolfia.
Linn. Gen. 259. Spec. 20S. Syst. 259. Ludw. 74. Mill. ii. 194.

912. Reaumuria..
Linn. Syst. No. 1 152. p. 1374. 1081.

913. Renealmia.

Linn. Gen. 358. Spec. 2S6. Syst. 358. Ludw. 125.

s
 TABLE II. 2G9

91 4. Reseda.
Linn. Gen. 535. Spec. 448. Syst. 535.
Reseda. Tourn. tab. 238. Hall. 315. Ludw. 737. Mill. ii. 199.
Weinm. tab. 863.
Luteola. Tourn. tab. 238. Blackw. tab. 283. Hall. 315. Ludw.
738. Mill. i. 542. Weinni. tab. 676.
Sesamoides. Tourn. tab. 238. Ludw. 739.

915. Riiacoma.
Linn. Sj/st. No. 1114-.;). 1361. 896.
Crossopetalum. Brown.

916. Rhamnus.
- Linn .Gen. 23 5. Spec. 193. Si/st. 235.

Rhamnus, Tourn. tab. 366. Hall. 163. Ludw. 84. Mill. ii. 199.
Weinm. tab. 864. a, b.

Frangula. Tourn. tab. 383. Blackw. tab. 152. Hall. 164.

Ludw. 76. Mill. i. 329. SchcefT. A. 4. Weinm. tab. 314. a.

Cervispina. Dill. Blackw. tab. 135. Ludw. 903. SchaefF. A. 2.

Weinm. tab. 945. c.

Paliurus. Tourn. tab. 381. Ludw. 112. Mill. ii. 100.

Alaternus. Tourn. tab. 366. Ludw. 82. Mill. i. 23. iii. 10-

Weinm. tab. 31.

Ziziphus. Tourn. tab. 403. Ludw. 77. Jujube. C. B. Mill. ii.

545. Scha?flf. A. 5.

917. Rheedia.

Linn. Gen. 1 1.02. Spec. 1 193. Sj/at. 1 102.

Vanrheedia. Plum.

918. Rheum.
Linn. Gen. 45 4. Spec. 371. Si/st. 454. Ludw. 158.

Rhabarbarum. Tourn. tab. 18.

919. Rhexia.

Linn. Gen. 423. Spec. 346. Si/st. 423. Ludw. 433.

920. Rhinanthus.
Linn. Gen. 658. Spec. 603. Sjjst. 658.
270 TABLE II.

Pedicularis Species. Tourn. tab. 77. B, F, M, N, O ,P. Weinm.

tab. 800.

Elf.phas. Tourn. tab. 482. Ludw. 2+6. Mill. i. 292.

Crista Galli. Riv. Alectokolophls. Hall. 023. Ludw. 242.

921. Rhizophora.
Linn. Gen. 524. Spec. 443. Syst. 524.
Mangles. Plum. Ludw. 1041.

922. Rhodiola.
Linn. Gen. 997.' Spec. 1035. Syst. 997.

Sedum. Hall. 394. Ludw. 613.

Rhodia Radix. Off. Schaeff. A. 134.

923. Rhododendron.
Linn. Gen. 484. Spec. 392. Syst. 484.

ChaMjErhododen.op.os. Tourn. tab 373. Mill. i. 202. iii. 60.

924. Rhus.
Linn. Gen. 331. Spec. 265. Syst. 331.

Rhus. Tourn. tab. 381. Ludw. 535. Mill. ii. 200. Weinm. tab.

864.
Toxicodendron. Tourn. tab. 381. Ludw. 535. Mill. ii. 344.
Cotinus. Tourn. tab. 380. Ludw.534. Mill. i. 238. iii. 80. Weinm.
tab. 432.

Vernix. Ksempf. Ludw. 535.

925. Ribes*
Linn. Gen. 247. Spec. 200. Syst. 247. Hall. 345. Ludw. 533.
Ribes. Tourn. Blackw. tab. 285. Mill. ii. 201. Schaeff. A. 177.

Weinm. tab. 865. Ribcsium. Dill.

Grossularia. Tourn. tab. 409. Blackw. tab. 277. Mill. i. 381.

Weinm. tab. 558.

926. Riccia.
Linn. Gen. No. 1063. p. 1138. Syst. 1063. Hall. 128. Ludw. 980.
 TABLE II. '271

927. RlCHARDIA.

Linn. Gtn. 397. Spec. 330. Syst. 397. Ludw. 114.

928. Ricinus.

Linn. Gen. 962. Spec. 1007. Syst. 962. Ludw. 896. Mill. ii. 203.
Tourr.. tab. 307. Weinni. tab. 866.

PalmaChristi. Mill. ii. 203.

Cataputia Major. Ruell. Blackw. tab. 1 48. Scha;ff. A. 283.

929. Rivina.
Linn. Gen. 150. Spec. 121. %s*. 150. Mill. iii. 250.

Rivima. Plum. Solanoides. Toum. Ludw. 769. Mill. ii. 268.

930. Robinia.
Linn. Gen. 775. Spec.722. Si/si. 775. Ludw. 495. Mill. iii. 251.

Pseudoacacia. Tourn. tab. 4-17. Mill. ii. 163. Laburnum. Sigesb.

931. Roella.
Linn. Gen. 202. Spec. 170. Syst. 202. Ludw. 62.

932. RoNDELETIA.
Linn. Gen, 206. Spec. 172. Syst. 206. Ludw. 60. Mill. ii. 205.

933. Rosa. •
»

Linn. Gen. 556. Spec. 491. Syst. 556. Blackw. tab. 8.78.82.
Hall. 347. Ludw. 628. Mill. ii. 205. iii. 252. Schaeft'. A. 201,
202. Tourn. tab. 408. Weinm. tab. 868.

934. Rosmarinus.
Linn. Gen. 35. Spec. 23. Syst. 35. Blackw. /ah. 159. Ludw. 177.

Mill. ii. 209. SchaefF. A. 57. Tourn. tab. 92. Woinni. tab. S72.

a, b.

935. Royena.
Linn. Gen. 491. Spec. 397. Syst.m. Ludw. 141. Mill. ii. 253.
272 TABLE II.

936. Rubia.
Linn. Gen. 1 19. Spec. 109. $0. 119, Blackw. tab. 326. Hall,
462. Ludw. 25. Mill. ii. 209. SchaefF. A. 15. Tourn. tab. 38.

Weinm. tab. 873.

937. Rubus.
Linn. Gen. 557. Spec. 492. Syst.551. Blackw. tab. 45. 279. Hall.
343. Ludw. 627. Mill. iii. 211. SchaefF. A. 205. Tourn. tab.

385. Weinm. tab. 874.

938. Rudbeckia.

Linn. Gen. 878. Spec. 906. Sj/st. 878. Ludw. 361. Mill. iii. 254.
Obeliscotheca. Vaill.

Calcanthemum. Mill. ii. 81.

939. Ruei.lia.
Linn. Gen. 702. Spec. 634. Syst. 702. Ludw. 235. Mill, ii. 212.

940. Rum ex.

Linn. Gen. 407. Spec. 333. Sj/st y 407. Ludw. 786.
Acetosa. Tourn. tafc. 287. Blackw. tab. 130. 262. 306, 307.
Hall. 169. Mill. i. 16. SchaefF. A. 287. Weinm. tab. 28.

Lapathum. Tourn. Hall. 1 68. 172. Mill. i. 487. SchaefF. A. 283.

Weinm. tab. 62 4, se</.

941. Rumphia.

Linn. Gen. 1103. Spec. 1193. Sytf. 1103. Ludw. 377.

912. Ruppia.

Linn. Gen. 161. Spec. 127. 5^. 161. Ludw. 941.

Bucca Fekrea. Mich.

943. Ruscus.
Linn. Gen. '1008. Spec. 1041. 100S. Blackw. fafc. 155.
Ludw. 902. Mill. ii. 212. SchaefF. A. 2S6. T«urn. tab. 15.
Weinm. tab. SI 5. a, b.
 table ir. 273

944. Rut a.
Linn. Gen. 469. Spec. 383. St/st. 409. Blackw. tai. 7. Hall. 411.
Ludw. 436. Mill. ii. 213. Scbseff. A. 133. Tourn. tab. 133.
Weinm. tab. 875. c, d, e.

PsEUDORUTA. Mich.

945. Saccharum.
Linn. Gen. 68. Spec. 5 4. Sj/st. OS. Ludw. 8 1 5.

916. Sagina.
Linn. Gen. 162. Spec. 12S. Sj/st. 162.
Alsinella. Dill. Alsine. Hall. 390. Ludw. 569.

94-7. Sagittaria.
Linn. Gen.9lG. Spec. 993. Syst. 946. Hall. 300. Ludw. 861.
Sag ittA. Dill. Weinm. tab. S76. b, c.

948. Salicornia.
Linn. Gen. 10. Spec. 3. Sj/st. 10. Ludw. 936. Mill. ii. 227.
Tourn. tab. 485.

949. Salix.
Linn. Gen. 976. Spec. 1015. Sj/st.976. Blackw. tab. 327. Ludw.
918. Hall. 151. Mill. ii. 227. iii. 258. Tourn. tab. 364. Weinm.
tab. 877, seq.

950. SalsolA.
Linn. Gen. 275. Spec. 222. Sj/st. 275.

Kali. Tourn. 128. Ludw. 773. Mill. i. 470. Weinm. tab.

616.

951. Salvador a.
Linn. Gen. 151. Spec. 122. 151.

952. Salvia.
Linn. Gen. 36. Spec. 23. 36. Hall. 63S. Ludw. 176.
Salvia. Tourn. tab: 83. Blackw. tab. 10. Mill ii. 229. SchaeflT.

A. 62. Weinm. tab. 879, sen.

T
274 TABLE II.

Hoeminum. Tourn. tab. 82. Blackw. tab. Mill. i. 408,

Weinra. tab. 578.
Sclarea. Tourn. tab. 82. Blackw. tab. 122. Mill. ii. 244.
Schaiff. A. 63. Weinm. tab. 579.

953. Sambucus.
Linn. Gen. 334. Spec. 269. Sj/st. 334. Blackw. tab. 151. Hall.

465. Ludw. 111. Mill. ii. 230. SchaefT. A. 23. Tourn. tab. 376.
Weinm. 881.

954. Samolus.
Linn. Gen. 205. Spec. 171. 205. Ludw. 43. Mill. ii. 231.
Tourn. ta b. 60.

955. Samyda.
L'mn. Gen. 525. %c. 443. Sysf. No. 525. p. 1024. 1382.
'

Ludw.
1068.
Guidonia. Plum. Mill. i. 385. iii. 126.

956. Sanguinakia.
Linn. Gen. 570. Sjpec. 505. Syst.57Q. Ludw. 74S. Mill. iii. 259.

957. Sangutsorba.
Linn. Gen. 136. Spec. 116. Si/st. 136. Ludw. 19. Mill." iii. 260.
Pimpinella. Tourn. tab. 68. Hall. 469. Mill. ii. 141. Weinm.
tab. 810.

958. Samcula.
Linn. Gen. 289. Spec. 235. Sj/st. 289. Blackw. ta&. 63. Half,
449. Ludw. 679. Mill. ii. 232. SchaefF. A. 229. Tourn. tab.
173. Weinm. tab. 885. a.

959. Santalum.
Linn. Gen. 431. -Spec. 349. Si/st. 431. Ludw. 136. Weinm. tab.

. 883.

960. Santolina.
Linn. Gen. 847. Spec. 842. Syst. 847. Blackw. 346. Ludw.
312. Mill. ii. 232. Tourn. tab. 260.
Baccharis. Vaill.
 TABLE IL 27a

961. Saimndus.
Linn. Gen. US. Spec. 3(37. Sj/st. 4-1-8. Ludw. 4-43. Mill. ii. 233-
Touni. tab. 4-4-0.

962. Saponaria.
Linn. Gen. 4-99. Spec: 40S. Si/st. 490. Blackw. 1 1 3. Nail.

378. Ludw. 564-. SchaefJ'. A.- 180. Weinm. tab. 686. c.

963. Sarothra.
Linn. Gen. 34- 4. Spec. 272. Sj/st. 344-.

/ 964. Sarracenia.
Linn. Gen. 578. Spec. 510. Syst. 578'. Ludw. 589. Tourn. bgft

476.

965. Satureia.
Linn. Gen. 626. .Spec. 567. S^sf. 626. Ludw. 209.
Satureia. Tourn. Blackvv. tab. 3 18. Mill. ii. 235. Schaeff. A. 7 1

Weinm. tab. 8S5. e.

Thymbra. Tourn. Weinm. tab. 975. c.

966. Satyrium.
Linn. Gen. 901. Spec. 944. Sj/s/. 901. Blackw. tab. 53. SchaeAi
A. 244.
Orchis. Hall. 262. Ludw. 698.

967. Saururus.
Linn. Gen. 414. Spec. 341. Sysf. 414. Ludw. 785. Mill. ii. 235.

968. Sauvagesia.
• Linn. Gen. 252. Spec. 203. Sj/st.252.
Sauvagea. Ludw. 747.
969. Saxifraga.
Linn. Gen. 494. Spec. 398. Syst. 494. Hall. 399. Ludw. 566.
Saxifraga. Tourn. tab. 129. Blackw. tab. 56. Mill, ii- 236.
Schaeff. A. 182. Weinm. tab. 886.

jGeum. Tourn. tab. 129. Mill. i. 355.

970. Scabiosa.
Linn. Gen. 10S. .S>ec. 98. fyst. I0S. Ludw. 239.
T 2
276 TABLE II.

Scabiosa. TouiU tab. 2fiS,1264. Blackw. 185. Hall. 669.

Mill. ii. 258. Schaeff. A. 94. Weinm. tab. 886, seq.

Succisa. Vailli Blackw. tab. 142. Hall. 671. Morsus Dtaboli.

Schawl". A. 95. Weinm. tab. 889. d, e, f.

Asteroceph alus. Vaill. Hall. 668.

Pterocephalus. Vaill.

971. SCANDIX.
Linn. Gen. 319. Spec. 256. Sj/st..Sl9.
Scandix. Tourn. tab. 173. Hall. 454. Ludw. 673. Mill. ii. 241.
Weinm. tab. 290.
Myruhis. Tourn. Hall. 453. Ludw. 674. Mill. i. 63. Weinm.
tab. 749. b.
Cerefolium. Riv. Ch."erophyllum. Blackw. Tourn. tab. 166,

236. Hall. 4*2. Ludw. 674. SctiEefF. A. 83.

, 972. SCHEUCHZERIA.
Linn. Gen. 408. Spec. 338. Syst. 40S. Ludw. 787. Hall. 255.

973. Schinus.
Linn. Gen. 479. Spec. 388. Sj/st. No. 479. p. 1034.
Molle. Tourn. Ludw. 1042. Mill. ii. 55.

974. Schcenus.
Linn. Gen. 60. Spec. 42. Sj/st. 60. Ludw. 842.
Cyperell a. Mich.
PsEUDOCYPERUS. Mich.
Melanoschcenus. Mich.

975. SCHWALBEA.
Linn. Gen. 662. Spec. 606. Syst. 662. Ludw. 188.

976. Scilla.
Linn. Gen. 37 S. Spec. 308. Si/st. 37 S.
Scilla. Ludw. 712. Mill. ii. 243. Schaeff. A. 248. Weinm. tab.
890. d.
Liliohyacinthus. Tourn. tab. 196. B, F, G. Ludw. 713. Mill,
i. 509.
Hyacinthus Stellaris. Rai. Weinm. tab. 587.
 TABLE II. 277

977. Scirpus.

Linn. Gen. 62. Spec. 47. Syst. 02. Hall. 247. Ludvv. 841.
Tourn. tab. 300.

$78. Sci/ERANTHUS.

Linn. Gen. 497. Spec. 406. Syst. 497. Ludvv. 793.

Knawel. Rai. Hall. 186.

979. Scolymus.

Linn. Gen. 826. Spec. SI 3. Syst. 826. Ludvv. 343. Mill. ii. 244.
Tourn. tab. 273. Weinm. tab. 906.

980. Scoparia.

Linn. Gen. 134. Spec. 116. Syst. 134.

931. Scorpiurus.

Linn. Gen. 792. Spec. 744. Syst. 792. Ludvv. 501.

Scorpioides. Tourn. tab. 226. Mill. ii. 24.5.

982. ScORZONERA.
Linn. Gen. 811. Spec. 790. Sysf. 811. Ludvv. 341.

Scorzonera. Tourn. tab. 269. Hall. 757. Mill. ii. 246. Scha3fF.

A. 112.
SCORZONEROIDES. Vaill.

983. SCROPHULARIA.
Linn. Gen. 674. Spec. 619. 674. filackw. tab. 86, 87.

Hall. 618. Ludvv. 252. Mill. ii. 246. SchaefF. A. 79. Tourn.
tab. 74, Weinm. tab. 908, sej.

984. Scurrula.
Linn. Gen. 123. Spec. 110. Syrt. 123.

985. Scutellaria.
Linn. Gen. 653. Spec. 598. Syst. 653. Mill. iii. 261. Weinm.
tab. 909. d.

CassiDA. Tourn. tab. 84, Hall. 635. Ludvv. 202. Mill. i. 180.
 TABLE II.

9S6. Secale.

Linn. Gen. 92. Spec. 84. Syst. 92. Luchv. 826. Mill. ii. 248.
Wemm. tab. 910.

987. Securidaca.
Linn. Gen. 763. Spec. 707. Syst. 763. Ludw. 507. Mill. ii. 248,

988. Sedum.
Linn. Gen. 513. Spec. 430. Syst. 513. Ludw. 613.
Sedum. Tourrt. 140. ^, G, H, K, M. Blackw. tab. 366.
Hall. 392. Mill. ii. 248. SchaefT. A. 184. Weinm. lab. 911,
seq.

Anacampseros. Tourn. Mill. i. 36. iii. 16.

989. Seguieria.
Linn. Syst. No. 1150. p. 1373. 1074.

990. Selago.
Linn. Gen. 687. Spec. 629. Syst. 687.
Camfhorata. Ludw. 765.

991. Selinum.
Linn. Gen. 300. Spec. 24k Syst. 300. Hall. 443. Ludw. 665.
Thysselinum. Tourn.

992. Sempervivum.
Linn. Gen. 538. Spec. 464. Syst. 538. Schaeff. A. 263.
Sedi Species. Tourn. tab. 140. C, E, I. Hall. 392. Ludw. 615,

993. Senecio.
Linn. Gen. 857. fyev. 866. Si/st.S5~.
Senecio. Tourn. tab. 260. Blackw. taj>. I 32. Hall. 730. Ludw.
303. Mil!, ii. 252. iii.263. Schaeff. A. 1 20. Weinm. tab. 915 d,
.

Jacobs Species. Tourn. Mill. i. 445.

994. Serapias.
Linn. Gen. 903. Spec. 949. Syst. 903.
Helleborine. Tourn. tab. 2 19. Hall. 274. Ludw. 699. Mill. i.

398. Weinm. tab. 567.

 TABLE II. 279

i 905. Seriphium.
Linn. Gen. 804. Spec. 923. Syst. 891.
Helichrysoides. Vaill. Ludvv. 305.

996. Serratula.
Linn. Gen. 831. Spec. 816. Syst. 831. Ludw. 318. Mill. ii. 255.
Weinm. tab. 917.

997. Sesamum.
Linn. Gen. 700. Spec. 63 k Syst. 700. Ludvv. 261. Mill. ii. 256.
Weinm. tab. 918.

998. Seseli.
Linn. Gen. 322. Spec. 259. 322. Hall. 430. Ludvv. 676.
Mill. ii. 256. Weinm. tab. 918. d.

999- Sesuvium.
Linn. Syst. No. 1143. p. 1371. 165 S.
Halimum. Loefl.

1000. Sherardia.
Linn. Gen. 112. Spec. 102. Syst. 112. Hall. 457. Ludvv. IS.
• MilL ii. 257.

Dillenia. Heist.

1001. SlBBALDIA.
Linn. Gen. 354. Spec. 284. Syst. 354. Hall. 342.

Sibaldia. Ludvv. 543. »

1002. SlBTHORPIA.
Linn. Gen. 693. Spec. 631. Syst. 693.

1003. Sicyos.
Linn. Gen. 97 1 . Spec. 1013. 97 1 . Ludvv. 857.

Sicyoides. Tourn. tab. 28. Mill. ii. 258.

Bryonioides. Dill.

1004. Sid a.
Linn. Gen. 747. Spec. 683. Syst. 747.
250 TABLE II.

Malvinda. Dill. Ludw. 148.

Abutilos. Tourn. tab. 25. Ludw. 153'. Mill. iii. 6.

100.5. Sideritis.
Linn. Gen. 632. Spec. .574. Syst. 6.32. Mall. 647. Ludw. 203.
Mill. ii. 258. Schasff, A. 86. Tourn. tab. 90. Weinrn. tab. 919.

1006. SlDEROXYLON.
Linn. Gen. 234. Spec. 192. Syst. 234-. Hall. 647. Mill. ii. 258.

iii. 265.
Sidekoxylum. Ludw. 85.

1007. Sigesbeckia.
Linn. Gen. 873. Spec. 900. Syst. 873.
Verbesina. Ludw. 314.

1008. SlLENE.
Lin. Gen. 503. Spec. 416." Si/st. 503. Ludw. 573.
Viscago. Dill. Hall. 373. 375.

1009. SlLPHIUM.
Linn. Gen. 882. Spec. 919. Syst. 8S2. Ludw. 362. Mill. iii. 265.
Asteriscus. Dill. Mill. iii. 30.

1010. SlNAPIS.
Linn. Gen.735. Spec. 66S. Syst. 735.

Sinapi. Tourn. tab. 1 12. Blflckw.faft. 29. Hall. 553. Ludw. 408.
Mill. ii. 262. iii. 266. Scheeff. A. 150. Weinni. tab. 923.

1 1011. SlPHONANTHUS.
Linn. Gen. 120. Spec. 109. Syst. 120. Ludw. 1011,
Siphon anth em um. Amm.
1012. Sison.
Linn. Gen, 311. Spec. 252. 311. Ludw. 1034.

1013. SlSYMBlUM.
Linn. Gen. 728. Spec. 657. Syst. 728. Hall. 547. Ludw. 410,
Mill. ii. 263. Tourn. tab. 109.

Radicula. Dill.

i
 TABLE II. 281

1014. SlSYRINCHlUM.
Linn. Gen. 908. Spec. 95 k Sj/st. 90S. Mill. ii. 264.
Bermudiana. Tourn. tab. 203. Ludw. 70S. Mill. i. 119. iii. 3S.

1015. Sium.
Linn. Gen. $10. Spec. 251. Si/at. 310.
Sium. Tourn. tofr. 162. Kali. 435. Ludw. 693. Mill. ii. 265.
Sisarum. Tourn. tab. 163. Mill. ii. 263. Weinm. tab. 924, d.

1016. Sloanea.
Linn. Gen. 582. Spec. 512. Sj/st. 5S2. Ludw. 802.
Sloana. Plum.

1017. S mi lax.
Linn. Gen. 992. Spec. 102S. Syst. 992. Blackvv. *oJ. 393. Ludw.
917. Mill. ii. 265. Tourn. tab. 421.

1018. Smyrnium.
Linn. Gen. 325. Spec. 262. Syst.325. Ludw. 089. Mill. ii. 267.
Tourn. tab. 168, Weinm. tab. 926.

1019. SoLANDRA.
Linn. Sj/st. No. 1 170. />. 13 SO. 1269.

1020. SOLANUM.
Linn. Gen. 224. SjjtW. 184. 224. Ludw. S7.
Solan um. Tourn. tab. 62. Blackw. tab. 34. 107. Hall. 506.

Mill. ii. 268. Schasff. A. 28. Weinm. tab. 927, teq.

LycopEnsicoN. Tourn. tub. 63. Blackw. tab. 133. Mill. i. 517.

iii. 168.

Melongena. Tourn. tab. 65. Mill. ii. 40. iii. 192. Weinm. tab.

934.

1021. SoLDANliLt.A.
Linn. Gen. 182. Spec. 14k Si/st. 182. Hall. 488. Ludw. 52.
Mill. ii. 272. Schaeli'. A. 45. Tourn. tab. 16. Weinm. tab. 420. (

1022. Solid ago.

lAnn. Gen. S59. Spec. 878. Si/st. 859. Hall. 729. Ludw. 353.
Mill. iii. 268.
 282 TABLE II.

Jacoh/e;e Species. Tourn. Mill. i. 444.

Virga Aurea. Tourn. tab. 275. Blackw. tab. 169. Mill. ii. 398,
iii. 289.
Doiua. Dill. Mill. i. 275.

1023. Sonchus.*
Linn. Gen. 813. Spec. 793. Syst. 813. Blackw. tab. S0» 13®. Hall.
752. Ludw. 33S. Mill. ii. 272. Tourn. tab. 208. Weinm. tab.

. 938.
Crepis. Vaill.

1021. Sophoea.
Linn. Gen. 45G. Spec. 373. Syst. 456. Ludw. 64-4.

1025. Sorbus.
Linn. Gen. 548. Spec. 477. Syst. 548. -
Blackw. tab. 173, 174.
Hall. 350. Ludw. 609. Mill. i. 281. SchaefK A. 197. Weinm,
tab. 941.

1026. Sparganium.
Linn. Gen. 925. Spec. 97 1. Syst. 925. Hall. 259. Ludw. 872.
i
Tourn. *a&. 302. Weinm. tab. 942.

1027. Spartium.
Linn. Gen. 765. Spec. 708. Sys/. 765.
Genista. Tourn. tab. 41 1. Blackw. tab. 244. Ludw. 634. Mill. i.

347. Weinm. tab. 532, seq.

1028. Spergula. ,

Linn. Gen. 519. %c. 440. Syst. 519. Mill. ii. 285,
Alsine. Hall. 387. Ludw. 569.

1029. Spermacoce.
Linn. Gen. 111. Spec. 102. Syst, 111. Ludw. 14.

10S0. Sph.^eranthus.
Linn. Gen. 893. Spec. 927. 893. Ludw. 1030.

1031. Sphagnum.
Linn. Gen. 1051. Spec. 1106. Syst. 1051. Hall. 95. Ludw. 960.
 TABLE If. 2SS

1032. Spigelia. i

Linn. Gen. 192. Spec. 1 19. Sj/st. 192. Ludw. 59.

Arapahaca. Pium.'

1033. Spinacia.
Linn. Gen.9S6. Spec. 1021. Syst. 986. Blackw. taf>. 49. Ludw,
929. Mill. ii. 286. Tourn. tab. SOS. Weinm. tab. 946.

1084. Spir.tja.
Linn. Ge/?. 55 k .Spec. 489. Syst. 55 k
Spir/ea. Tourn. tab. 389. Ludw. 616. Mill. ii. 288. iii. 270.
Weinm. tab. 947.
Filii'Endula. Tourn. tab. 150. Hall. S06. Ludw. 741. Mill. i.

324. Weinm. tab. 509. c.

Ulmaria. Tourn. tab. 141. Ludw. 620. Mill. ii. 462. Weinm.
tab. 9 IS.

Aruncus. Linn. edit, prior. Barba Capr.e. Tourn. tab. 141.

Ludw. 916. Weinm. tab. 229.

1035. Splachnum.
Linn. Gen. 1054. Spec. 1108. Syst, 1054.

1036. Spondias.
Linn. Gen. 453. Spec. 371. Syst. No. 453. p. 1036. 1382. Ludw.
552.
Monbin. Plum. Mill. ii. 56.

1037. Spongia.

Linn. Gen. 1072. Spec. 1169. Syst. 1072. Ludw. 1002. Tourn.
tab. 342.
Badiaga. Buxb.

1038. Stachys.
Linn. Gen. 638. Spec. 580. %tf.,638. Hall. 642. Ludw. 1.9 k
Stachys. Tourn. tab. 86. Mill. ii. 2S9. Weinm. tab. 948.

Galeopsis. Tourn. tab. S6. Blackw. tab. 84. Mill. i. 342. Weinm.
lab. 529.

1039. Stvehf.lina.
Linn. Gen. 84 k Spec. S10. Syst. 844. Ludw. 319.
284 TABLE II.

1040. Stapelia.
Linn. Gen. 271. Spec. 217. Syst. 271. Ludw. 100,
Fritiixariacrassa. Hortulanorum.

1041. Staphylea.
Linn. Gen. 336. Spec. 270. Syst. 336.

Staphylodendron. Tourn. tab. 386. Hall. 423. Ludw. 531.

Mill. i. 290. Weinm. tab. 816. b.

1042. Statice.
Linn. Gen. 348. Spec. 274. .Syst. 348.
Statice. Tourn. tab. 177. Ludw. 540. Mill. ii. 302. iii. 271.
Limonium. Tourn. tab. 177. Ludw. 541. Mill. i. 5 1 8. Weinm.
tab. 663.

1043. Stellaria.
Linn. Gen. 504. Spec. 421. Syst. 504.
Alsine. Tourn. tab. 126. Ludw. 569.

1044. Stellera.
Linn. Gen. 439. Spec. 559. Syst. 439.
Chamjeiasme. Aram,

1045. Stemodia.
Linn. Sys/f. JVb. 1154. p. 1374. 1118.
Stemodiacra. Brown.

1046. Stercula.
I^nn. Gen. 963. Spec. 1007. Sjrrf. 963.

1047. Stewartia.
Linn. Gen. 758. Spec. 698. 5ysf. 758,
Melachodendron. Mich.

1048. Stipa.
Linn. Gen. 84. Spec. 78. Sytf. 84.

1049. Stcebe.
Linn. Gen. 839. Spec. 831. <Sy«f. 839. Ludw. 301.
 TABLE II. 285

1050. Stkatiotes.
Linn. Gen. 607. Spec. 535. Sj/st. 607. Ludw. 388. Mill. Hi. 272.
Aloides. Boerh. Mill. i. 30. iii. 13.

1051. St.iychnos.
Linn. Gen. 226. Spec. 1S9. Sj/st. 226. Ludw. 91.
Nux Vomica. Offic. Blackw. tab. 395.

1052. Styrax.
Linn. Gen. 527. Spec. 44*. Syst, 527. Ludw. 159. Mill. ii. 305.
Tourn. tab. 369. Weinm. tab. 953.

1053. SlIBULARlA.
Linn. Gen. 716. Spec. 642. Syst.716.

1054. Suriana.
Linn. Gen. 353. Spec. 284. S>?/. 353. Ludw. 542. Mill. ii. 307.

1055. SwERTI A.
Linn. Gen. 2S4. Spec. 226. -Sysf. 284.
Gentian a. Ludw. 97.

1056. Symphytum.
Linn. Gen. 170. Spec. 136. Syst. 170. Blackw. 252. Hall.
514. Ludw. 35. Mill. ii. 307. Schseff. A. 38. Tourn. tab. 56.

Weinm. tab. 958.

Consolida Major. Off.

1057. Syringa.
• Linn. Gen. 22. Spec. 9. Sj/st. 22. Mill. ii. 308. Weinm. tab. 958,

» 959.
Lilac. Tourn. tab. 372. Ludw. 1. Mill. i. 507.

105S. Tabern^emontana.
Linn. Gen. 265. Spec. 210. Syst. 265. Ludw. 1019. Mill. ii. 309.

1059. Tagetes.
Linn. Gen. 865. Spec. 887. Sysi. 865. Ludw. 351. Mill. ii. 310.
Tourn. tab. 278. Weinm. tab. 960, seq.
28(5 TABLE IT.

. 1060. Tamarindus.

Linn. Gen. 46. Spec. 34. Syst.iQ. Blackw. tab. 201. &2f. Ludw.
373. Mill. ii. 310. Tourn. tei. 4-45. Weinm. 964.
Tamarinthus. Mill. ii. 3 JO.

1061. Tamakix.

Linn. Gen. 337. Spec. 270. Syst. 337.

Tamariscus. Tourn. Blackw. t ib. 331. IJall. 419. Ludw. .518*

Mill. ii. 311. Schajff. A. 17.5. Weinm. tab. 965.

1062. Tamus.
Linn. Gen. 991. Spec. 102S. Syst. 991.
Tamnus. Tourn. tab. 28. Hall. 165. Ludw. 907. Mill. iL 3 IT.

1063. Tanacetum.
Linn. Gen. 848. Spied; 813. Syst. 8 IS. Hall. 693.
Tanacetum. Tourn. tab 261. Mill. ii. 312. Schajff. A. 106.
Weinm. tab. 965.
Balsamita. Vaill. Blackw. tab. 98. Mill. i. 10 J . iii. 35. Scheeff.
A. 107. Weinm. tab. 966.

1064. Takchon ANTHUS.

Linn. Gen. 846. Spec. 812. Syst. 846. Ludw. 320.

1065. Tarcionia.
Linn. Gen. 1060. Spec. 1136. <Sj/si. 1060. Ludw. 982.

1066. Tax us.

Linn. Gen. 1006. Spec. 1040. 1006. Hall. 146. Ludw. 935.
Mill. ii. 313. Tourai. tab. 362. Weinm. tab. 961. a.

1067. TeLEPHIUM.
Linn. Gen. 339. Spec. 271. Syst. 339. Ludw. 517. Mill. ii.3lr>.
SchselT. A. 184. Tourn. tab. 128. Weinm. tab. 967, seg.

1068. Tetracera.
Linn. Gen. 604. Spec. 533. Syst, G04. Ludw. S07.
 TABLE II. 287

1069. Tetragon 1 a.

Linn. Gen. 551. Spec. 480. Sj/st. 551. Ludw. 806.

Tetragonocarpos. Boerh. Mill. ii. 319.

1070. Tetragonotheoa.
Linn. Gen. 875. Spec. 903. Sj/st. 875. Ludw. 1029. Mill. iii. 274.

1071. Teucrium.
Linn. Gen. 625. Spec. 562. Syst.625. Ludw. 190.
Teucrium. Tourn. tab. 90. Mill. ii. 319. Weinm. tub. 969.

Polium. Tourn. tab. 97. Mill. ii. 153. Weinm. tab. 822. e, f.

Makum. Boerh. Blackw. tab. 47. Mill. ii. 12. Weinm. iaft. 7 12.
Cham^drys. Tourn. tab. 97. Blackw. /aft. 1 80. Hall. 630. Mill.

i. 199. Scheeft*. A. 84. Weinm. tab. 361.

Chamafitys. Tourn. tub. 9S. Mill. i. 202. SchaerF. A. 85. Weinm.
tab. 365.

Scordium. Rai. Mill. ii. 245. SchaefF. A. 82. Salvia Agres-

tis. Blackw. tab. 9. Weinm. tab. 907. a.

Iva. Dill.

1072. Thalia.
Linn. Gen. 8. Spec. 1193. Sj/st. S. Ludw. 1066.
Cortusa. Plum.

1073. Thalictrum.
Linn. Gen. 617. %c. 545. Syst. 617. Hall. 307. Ludw. 465.
Mill. ii. 321. Tourn. toft. 270. Weinm. ^ tab. 971.

1074. Thapsia.

Linn. Gen. 323. S>ec. 261. Si/st. 323. Ludw. 659. Mill. ii. 322.
Tourn. tab. 171. Weinm. /aft. 972. a, b.

1075. The a.
Linn. Gen. 593. Spec.5\5. Si/st. 593. Blackw. tab. 35 1. Ludw.
735. Weinm. tab. 972. d.

1076. Theligonum.
Linn. Gen. 947. %r. 993. Sj/st. 947.

Cynocrambe. Tourn. tab. 485. Ludw. 887.

 TABLE II.

107 7. Theobroma.
Linn. Gen. 800. Spec. 782. Sy'st. 80(3.

Cacao. Tourn. tab. 111. Blackw. tab. 378. Ludw. 601. Mill. i.

154. Weinm. tab. 277.

Guazuma. Plum. Ludw. 60k Mill. i. 383.

1078. Theophrasta.
Linn. Gen. 190. Spec, 119. Syst. 190. Ludw. .53.

Eresia. Plum.

T079. Thestum.
Eton. Gen. 258. Spec. 207. Syst. 2.38. Hall. 183. Ludw. 771.
LlNOPHYLLUM. Pont. LlNOSYRIS. Ru[)J).

1080. Thlaspi.
Linn. Gen. 7 1 9. Spec. 645. tysf. 7 1 9.

Thlaspi. Tourn. tab. 101. F, G,H,I, K. Blackw. M&. 68. Ludw.

418. Mill. ii. 329. SchaifF. A. 10. Weinm. 1 973, 974.
Bursa Pastoris. Tourn. 103. Blackw. 5. Ludw. 419.
Mill. i. 151. Schseff. A. 141. Weinm. tab. 271.

1081. Thuia.
Linn. Gen. 957. Spec. 1002. Syst, 957. Ludw. 876. Mill. ii. 332.
iii. 276. Tourn. tab. 358.
Arbor Vit^e. Blackw. tab. 210.

10S2. Thymbka.
Linn. Gen. 627. Spec. 569. Sj/st. 627. Mill. ii. 333.

1083. Thymus.
Linn. Gen. 616. Spec. 590. 616. Hall. 651. Ludw. 210.
Thymus. Tourn. tub. 93. Mill. ii. 336. Schaeff'. A. 71. Weinm.
tab. 975.
Serpillum. Tourn. tab. 93. Mill. ii. 255. Schapffi A. 75. Weinm.
tab. 9 1 6.

Acinos. DilL Mill. i. 17.

Mastichina. Boerh.
 TABLE II. 289

1084. TlARELLA.
Linn. Gen. 495. Spec. 405. Syst. 495.

1035. Tilia.
Linn. Gen. 587. Spec. 514. 587. Hall. 357. Ludw. 581.
Mill. ii. 336. Schaeff. A. 191. Weinm. tab. 976.

1086. TlLlJEA.
Linn. Gen. 163. Spec. 128. Syst. 163. Ludw. 378.

1087. TlLLANDSIA.
Linn. Gen. 357. Spec. 286. Syst. 357. Ludw. 115.
Caraguata. Plum.

1088. Tmvs.
Linn. Syst. No. 1133. p. 1367. 1010.
Volkameria. Brown.

1089. ToLUIFERA.
Linn. Gen. 470. Spec. 384. Sysf. 470. Ludw. 652.

1090. Tom ex.

Linn. Gen. 140. Spec. 118. Sys/. 140.

1091. Tordyuum.
Linn. Gen. 293. Spec. 293. Syjf. 239. Hall. 448. Ludw. 663.
Mill. ii. 343. Tourn. tab. 170. Weinm. tot. 977.
|

1092. Torenia.
Linn. Gen. 672. Spec. 619. Syst. 672.

1093. TORMENTILLA.
Linn. Gen. 560. Spec. 500. 560. Ludw. 464. Mill. ii. 344.
Schtefif. A. 136. Tourn. tab. 153. Weinm. tab. 977. o.

PoTENTILLA. Hall. 341.

1094. TOURNEFORTIA.
Linn. Gen. 176. Spec. 140. Syst. 176. Ludw. 80.

Pittonia. Plum. Mill. ii. 146.

U
?9o TABLE II.

1095. Tozzia.
Linn. Gen. 663. Spec. 607. Syst. 663. Hall. 609. Ludw. 233.

1096. Trachelium.
Linn. Gen. 204. Spec. 171. Syst. 204. Ludw. 64. Mill. ii. 345.
Tourn. tub. 50.

1097. Tradescantia.
Linn. Gen. 360. Spec. 288. Sj/st. 360.

Ephemerum. Tourn. tab. 193. Ludw. 379. Mill. i. 279.

1098. Tragia.
Linn. Gen. 930. Spec. 980. Sj/st. 930. Ludw. S49. Mill. ii. 348.

1099. Tragopogon.
Linn. Gen. 810. Spec. 789. Syst. 810. Hall. 758. Ludw. 333.
Mill. ii. 348. iil. 279. Weinm. tub. 978.
Tragopogon. Tourn. tab. 270. Bakba Hirci. OIF. ScheeflP. A.
109.
Tragopogonoides. Vaill.

1100. TUAPA.
Linn. Gen. 146. Spec. 120. -Sj/s*. 146. Ludw. 390.
Tribuloides. Tourn. tab. 431. Hall. 468. Tribulus Aquati-
cus. Rai.

1101. Tremella.
Linn. Gen. 1067. Spec. 1157. S^tf. 1067.

1002. Trevvia.
Linn. Gen. 1104. Spec. 1193. Syst. 1104. Ludw. 803.

1 103. Trianthema.
Linn. Gen. 278. Spec.'2'23. Syst. 278.

PORTULACASTRUM. J USS.

1104 Tribcll's.
Linn. Gen. 476. Spec. 386. 476. Ludw. 557. Mill. ii. 350.
Tourn. tab. 14L Weinm. tub. 979. a.
 TABLE II. 291

1 105. Trichilia.
Linn. Syst. No. 1134. p. 130S. 1020.

1106. Tkichomanbs.
Linn. Gen. 104-5. Spec. 1097. Sj/st. 101-5. Ludw. 949. Mill. ii.

350. Schaeff. A. 308.

1107. Trichosanthes.
Linn. Gen. 966. Spec. 1008. Syst. 966.
Anguina. Mich.

1108. Trichostema.
Linn. Gen. 052. Spec. 508. Sj/st. 652. Ludw. 207.

•
1109. Tridax.
Linn. Gen. 872. Spec. 900. Syst. S72. Ludw. 1028.

1110. Trientalis.
Linn. Gen. 419. Spec. 344. Syst. 419. Ludw. 130.

1111. Trifolium.
Linn. Gen. 802. Spec. 764. Syst. 802. Ludw. 473.
Trifolium. Tourn. tab. 228. Blackw tab. 20; Hall. 580. Mill,
ii. 351. Schoeff. A. 316. Weinm. iafc. 979, seq. Triphyllum,
Sigb.
Trifoliastrum. Mich.
Melilotus. Tourn. tab. 229. Blackw. tab. 80. 284. Hall. 587.
Mill. ii. 30. Sciiajff. A. 167. Weinm. tab. 718.
Lupinaster. Buxb.
Trifolioides. Knaut. Triphylloides. Pont.

1112. Triglochin.
Linn. Gen. 409. Spec. 338. Syst. 409. Hall. 258. Ludw. 383.
Juncago. Tourn. tab. 142.

1113. Trigonella.
Linn. Gen. 804. Spec. 77 6. Syrf. 804. Ludw. 496.
Fcenum Grjecum. Tourn. tab. 270. Mill. i. 327. Schaitr. A. 140.
Weinm. lab. 514. a, b.
U 2
292 TABLE II.

1114. Trillium.
Linn. Gen. 412. Spec. 339. Syst. 412.

1115. Triopteris.
Linn. Gen. 510. Spec. 428. Syst. 510. Ludw. 799.

1116. Triosteum.
Linn. Gen. 21 1. Spec. 176. Syst. 211.

Triostpospermum. Dill. Ludw. 282. Mill. ii. 353.

1117. Triplaris.
Linn. Syst. No. 1111. p. 1360. 881.

1 1 18. Tripsacum.
Linn. Syst. No. 1167. p. 1379. 1261.
>

1119. Triticum.
Linn. Gen. 94. Spec. 85. Syst. 94. Blackw. tab. 40. Hall. 207.

Ludw. 827. Mill. ii. 354. Tourn. tab. 292, 293. Weinm. tab.

981.
1120. Triumfetta.
Linn. Gen. 529. Spec. 444. 529. Ludw. 587. Mill. ii. 355.

1121. Trollius.
Linn. Gen. 620. Spec. 556. Syst. 620.
Hellebroro-Ranlnculus. Boerh. Ludw. 758. Weinm. tab.

569. d. Ranunculus Globojus. Rai.

1122. Tropjeolum.
Linn. Gen. 421. Spec. 345. Syst. 421. Schaeff. A. 217.
Cordamindum. Tourn. tab. 244.
Acriviola. Boerh. Ludw. 631, Mill. i. 18. iii. 9. Weinm. fat.

753.

1123. Trophis.
Linn. Syst, No. 1173. p. 1381. 1289.

1024. Tulipa.

Linn. Gen. 376. S/>ec. 305. 376. Ludw. 717. Mill. ii. 355.
Tourn. tab. 199, 200. Weinm. tab. 982, seq.
 TABLE II. 293

1125. TuRNERA.
Linn. Gen. 338. Spec. 271. Sj/st. 338. Ludw. 537. Mill. ii. 362.

1126. Turritis.
Linn. Gen. 733. Spec. 666. Syst. 733. Hall. 560. Ludw. 413.
Mill. ii. 362.

1127. Tussilago.
Linn. Gen. 856. Spec. 865. Syst. 856. Ludw. 301.
Tussilago. Tourn. tab. 276. Blackw. tab. 20+. Mill. ii. 362.
Weinm. tab. 999. Farfara. Schaeff. A. 129.
Pet asites. Tourn. tab. 258. Blackw. tab. 222. Hall. 706. Mill,

ii. 126. Schaeff. A. 130. Weinm. tab.. 805. b.

1128. Typha.
Linn. Gen. 924. Spec. 971. Syst. 924. Hall. 260. Ludw. 873.
Tourn. tab. 301.

1 129. Vaccinium.
Linn. Gen. 434. Spec. 349. Syst. 434. Ludw. 134. Mill. iii. 284.
Weinm. tab. 1000.
Vitis Idjea. Tourn. tab. 317. Hall. 413. Mill. ii. 461.
Oxycoccus. Tourn. tab. 431. Hall. 413.

1130. Valantia.
Linn. Gen. 1019. Spec. 1051. %M019.
Valantia. Tourn.
Cruciata. Tourn. tab. 39. Ludw. 11. Mill. i. 247. Weinm;
tab. 439. d, e.

1131. Valeriana.
Linn. Gen. 43. Spec. 31. Syst. 43. Weinm. tab. 1001, 1002.
Valeriana. Tourn. tab. 52. Blackw. tab. 250. 271. Hall. 662.

Ludw. 184. Mill. ii. 365. Sch;eff. A. .54.

Valerianella. Tourn. tab. 52. Hall. 666. Ludw. 185. Mill. ii.

365.

1 132. Vallisnf.ria.
Linn. Gen. 975. Spec. 1015. Syst. 975. Ludw. 901.
Vallisneroides. Mich.
294 TABLE II.

1133. Varronia.
Linn. Sj/st. 1118. Spec. 1363. 916.

1 13k Vateria.
Linn. Gen. 592. Spec. 515. Sj/sl. 592. Ludw. 584.

1135. Velezia.
Linn. Gen. 403. Spec. 332. Syst. 403.

1136. Vella.
Linn. Gen. 714. Spec. 641. %/.714. Ludw. 427. Mill. iii. 285.

1137. Veratrum.
Linn. Gen. 1013. Spec. 1044. Si/st. 1013. Hall. 298. Ludw. 731.
Mill. ii. 38 k Tourn. tab. 145.
Helleborus Albus. Rai. Blackw. tab. 74. SchsefF. A. 253.
Weinm. tab. 568.

1138. Verbascum.
Linn. Gen. 217. Spec. 177. Syst. 2\1 . Hall. 509. Ludw. 274.
Verbascum. Tourn. tab. 61. Blackw. tab. 3. Mill. ii. 385. SchaefF.
A. 88. Weinm. tab. 1003.
Blattaria. Tourn. Mill. i. 131. iii. 40. Weinm. tab. 245. 249.

1 139. Verbena.
Linn. Gen. 30. Spec. 1 8. Styst. 30. Hall. 662. Ludw. 222.
Verbena. Tourn. tab. 94. Blackw. tab. 4 1 . Ludw. 222. SchcefF.

A. 77. Weinm. tab. 1004.

Sherardia. Yaill.

Blaikia. lloust.

Kempfera. lloust.

1 140. Verbesina.

Linn. Gen. 874. Spec. 901. Syst. 874. Ludw. 314.

"Eupatouiophalackon. Dill. Mill. i. 303.

Ceratocbphaloidbs. Vaill.

1141. Veronica.

Linn. Gen. 25. Spec. 9. Syst. 25. Hall. 527. Ludw. 183.
 TABLE II. 295

Veronica. Tourn. tab. 60. Blackw. fab. 134?. Mill. ii. 3S7. Schseff.
A. 58. Weinm. tab. 1004, seq. Barnarota. Mich.
Beccabusga. Tourn, BiacKw. tab. 48. Mill. i. 117. Schaeff. A.

59. Weinm. tab. 233.

1142. Viburnum.
Linn. Gen. 332. Spec. 267. Syst. 332.
Viburnum. Tourn. tab. 377. Hall. 467. Ludw. 110. Mill. ii.

391. iii. 287. Weimn. tab. 1007, 1008.

Tinus. Tourn. tab.Sll. Ludw. 108. Mill. ii. 337.

Opulus. Tourn. tab. 376. Hall. 463. Ludw. 109. Mill. ii. 89.

1143. Vicia.
Linn. Gen. 782. Spec. 734. Syst. 782. Ludw. 486.
Vicia. Tourn. tab. 221. Hall. 597. Mill. ii. 393. Weinm. tab.

1009.
Faba. Tourn. tab. 212. Blackw. tab. 19. Mill. i. p. 307. p. 101.
Schseff. A. 168. Weinm. tab. 500.

1144. Vinca.
Linn. Gen. 261. Spec. 209. Si/st. 261.
Pervinca. Tourn. tab. 45. Blackw. tab. 59. Hall. 526. Ludw.
56. Mill. ii. 125. SchsefT. A. 34. Weinm. tab. 1010.

1145. Viola.
Linn. Gen. 898. Spec. 933. Syst. 898. Blackw. tab. 44, 45. Hall.

500. Ludw. 629. Mill. ii. 396. iii. 28S. SchajfF. A. 215.
Tourn. tab. 236. Weinm. tab. 1011.

1 146. Viscum.

Linn. Gen. 979. Spec. 1023. Syst. 979. Blackw. tafc. 184. Hall.

162. Ludw. 877. Mill. ii. 400. SchaeiK A. 270. Weinm. tab.
1013. b.

1147. Vitex.
Linn. Gen. 708. Spec. 938. Syst. 708. Black. 139. Ludw.
262. Mill. ii. 401. Tourn. tab. 37 3.
Agnus Castus. Off. SchaeiF. A. 90. Weinm. tab. 30.
 TABLE II.

1148. Vitis.
Linn. Gen. 250. Spec. 202. Sj/st. 250. Blackw. tab. 153. Hall.

166. Ludw.525. Mill. ii. 401. iii. 290. Schaeff. A. 174. Tourn.
tab. 384. Weinm. tab. 1014, seq.

1149. Ulex.
Linn. Gen. 786. Spec. 741. Sj/st.785. Ludw. 636. Mill. iii. 295.
Genista-Spartium. Tourn. tab. 412.
I

1150. Ulmus,
Lion. Gen. 281. Spec. 225. Syst. 281. Hall. 167. Ludw. 780.
Mill. ii. 462. Tourn. tab. 372. Weinm. ^6. 1018. b.

1151. Ulva.
Linn. Gen. 1069. Spec. 1163. 1069. Ludw. 869.

1 152. Uniola.
Linn. Gen. 79. Spec. 71-. Syrt. 79. Ludw. 832.

1153. VoLKAMERI A.
Linn. Gen. 706. Spec. 637. Syst. 706. Ludw. 254.
Douglassia. Heist. Mill. ii. 276.

1154. Urena.
Linn. Gtn. 754. Spec. 692. 754. Ludw. 152. Mill. iii. 296.

1155. Urtica.
Linn. Gen. 935. Spec. 983. Sysf. 935. Blackw. tab. 12. 321.
Hall. 177. Ludw. 874. Mill. ii. 465. SchaerT. A. 269. Weinm.
tab. 1019, scq.

1156. Utricular! a.
Linn. Gen. 29. Spec. IS. Syst. 29.
Latibularia. Vaill. Hall. 612. Ludw. 181.

1157. Uvaria.
Linn. Gen. 612. Spec. 536. ,Syif. 612.

1158. UVULARIA.
Linn. Gen. 373. Spec. 304. Sys/. 373. Ludw. 726. SchaefE A.
252.
 TABLE II. 297
9

1159. Wachendorfia.
» Linn. Syst. 1 108. Spec. 1359. 86+.

1 160. Walthekia.
Linn. Gen. 7+1. Spec. 673. Syst. 741. Ludw. 519. Mill. iii. 300.
MoNOSPERMALTHJEA. Isil.

1161. Weinmanniana.
Linn. Syst. No. 1131. p. 1367. 1005.

1 162. Winter ana.

Linn. Gen. No. 1140. No. 1370. 1045.

1163. Xanthium.
Linn. Gen. 937. Spec. 987. Syst. 937. Hall. 161. Ludvv. 859.
Mill. ii. 525. Tourn. tab. 252. Weinm. tab. 1021.

1164. Xeranthemum.
Linn. Gen. 851. Spec. 857. Syst. 851. Hall. 709. Weinm. tab.

1021.
Xeranthemum. Tourn. tab. 284. Ludw. 326.
Xeranthemoides. Dill.

1 165. Ximenia.

Linn. Gen. 1105. Spec* 1193. Syst. 1105. Ludw. 1067.

1 166. Xylopia.

Linn. Syst. No. 1165. p. 1378. 1250.

1167. Xyrris.
Linn. Gen. 59. Spec. 42. Syst. 59.

1168. Yucca*
Linn. Gen. 388. Spec. 319. Syst. 388. Ludw. 1 17. Mill. ii. 531.
Weinm. tab. 1023.
Cordyune. Roy.

1 169. Zannichellia.
Linn. Gen. 920. Spec. 969. Syst. 920.
29S TABLE II

Algoides. Vaill.

Aponogeton. Pont.
Graminifolia. Dill.

1170. Zanonia.
Linn. Gen. 990. Spec. 1028. Sj/st. 990. Ludw. 905.

1 171. Zanthoxylum.
Linn. Gen. 335. Spec.210. Syst.No.335. p. 1290. Mill. iii. 309.

1172. Zea.
Linn. Gen. 926. Spec. 971. Syst. 926.

Mays. Tourn. 303, 304, 305. Ludw. 870. Mill. ii. 22. iii. 182.

1173. Zinnia.
Linn. Syst. No. 1161. p. 1377. 1221.

1174. Zizania.
Linn. Gen. 942. Spec. 991. Syst. 942. Ludw. 899.
Elymus. Mich.

1 175. Ziziphora.

Linn. Gen. 33. Spec. 21. Syst. 33. Ludvv. 180. Mill. iii. 311.

» 1176. ZoSTERA.
Linn. Gen. 919. Spec. 968. Syst. 919.
.Aiga. Rai.
Run: a. Act. Angl.

1177. Zygophyllum.
Linn. Gen. 474. Spec. 385. Syst. 471.
Fabago. Tomn. tab. 135. Ludw. 558. Mill. i. 308.
 TABLE III.

THE

LINNiEAN GENERA,
ALPHABETICALLY ARRANGED,
WITH
THE CLASSICAL AND ENGLISH NAMES;
AND ACCENTED,
With a Reference also to their Classes and Orders;

Abroma, Class xviii. Polyadelphia, Order i. Pentandria

Abrus, Class xvii. l;iadelphia, Order iv. Decandria
Aca yoha.
;-
Class xxi. Moncecia, Order ix. Monadelphia
Acanthus (Bear's Breech), Class »v. Didynamia, Order ii. An-
giosnerma
Acsena, Class iv. Tetrandria, Order i. Monogynia
Acer (Maple), Class xxn'i. Polygamic, Order i. Monaccia
Achillea (Mdfoil), Class xix. Syngenesis, Order ii. Polyg. sup.
Achras (Sapota), Class vi. Hexanchia, Order i. Monogynia
Achvranthes, Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogynia
Acnida, Qdse xxii. Dioecia, Order v. Pentandria

Aconhum (Wolfsbane), Clttss xiii. Polyandria, Order in. Trigy-

nia
Acorus (Sweet Rush), Class vi. Hexandria, Order i. Monogynia
Acrostichuni (Forked Fern), Chss xxiv. Cryptogamia, Order i.

Fi!ices

Actrea (Herb Christopher), Class xviii. Polyandria, Order i. Mo-

nogynia
 300 TABLE III.

Adansonia (/Ethiopian Sourgourd), Class xvi. Monadelphia, Order

vii. Polyandria
Adelia, Class xxii. Dicecia, Order xii. Monadelphia
Adenanthera (Bastard Flower-fence), Class x. Decandria, Order i.

Monogynia
Adiantum (Maiden Hair), Class xxiv. Cryptogamia, Order i. Fi-
lices

Adonis (Bird's-eyo), CIa is xiii. Polyandria, Order vii. Polygynia

Adoxa (Tuberous Mos .atel, or Hollow Root), Class viii. Octan-
dria, Order iv. T( .ragynia
^Igilops, Class xxiii. Polygamia, Orefer i. Monoecia
iEgiphila, Class iv. Tetrandria, order i. Monogynia
iEgop6dium (Herb Gerard, Gout-wort, or wild Angelica), Class
v. Pentandria, Order ii. Digynia

^gopricon, Class xxi. Monoecia, Order i. Monandria

iEschynomene (Bastard sensitive Plant), Class vii. Diadelphia,
Order iv. Decandria
/Esculus (Horse Chestnut), Class vii. Heptandria, Order i. Mo-
nogynia
JEthusa (Lesser Hemlock), or Fool's Parsley, Class v. Pentandria,
Order ii. Digynia
Agaricus, Agaric, Class xxiv. Cryptogamia, Order iv. Fungi
Agave (American Aloe), Class vi. Hexandria, Order i. Monogynia
Ageratum (Bastard Hemp Agrimony), Class xix. Syngenesia, Or-

der i. Polyg. aequ.

Agrimonia (Agrimony ), Class xi. Dodecandria, Order ii. Digynia
Agrostemma (Campion, or wild Lichnis), Class x. Decandria, Or-
der v. Pcntagynia
Agrostis (Bent Grass), Class hi. Triandria, Order ii. Digynia
Agyneja, Class xxi. Monoecia, Order ii. Gy hand ria
Aha (Hair Grass), Class xi. Triandria, Order ii. Digynia
Aitoma, Class xvi. Monadelphia, Order viii. Octandria
Ajuga (Bugle), Class xiv. Didynamia, Order ii. Gymnosperma
Aizonn, Classx\\. Icosandria, Orderv. Pentagynia
Albuca, Class vi. Hexandria, Order i. Monogynia
Alcea (Hollyhock, or Hose Mallow), Class xvi. Monadelphia, Or-
der vii. Polyandria
 TABLE 1IL 301

Alchermlla (Ladie^'Mantle), Class iv. Tetrandria, Orderi. Mono-

gynia
Aldrovanda, Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogynia
Aletris (Bastard Aloe), Class vi. Hexandria, Order i. Monogynia
Alisma (Water Plantain), Classvi. Hexandria, Order v. Polygynia
Allamanda, Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogynia
Allionia, Class iv. Tetrandria, Order i. Monogynia
Allium (Garlic), Class vi. Hexandria, Order i. Monogynia
AUophyllus, Class viii. Octandria, Order Monogynia i.

Aloe, Class vi. Hexandria, Order i. Monogynia

Alopecurus (Foxtail Grass), Cluss iii. Triandria, Order ii. Digynia
Alpinia, Class i. Monandria, Order i. Monogynia
Alsine (Chickweed), Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogynia
Alstonia, CVassxiii. Polyandria, Order i. Monogynia
Alstrcetneria, Class vi. Hexandria, Order i. Monogynia
Althaea (Marshmallow), Class xvi. Monadelphia, Order vii. Po-
ly and ri a
Alyssum (Madwort), Class xv. Tetradynamia, Order ii. Silicul.

Amaranthus (Amaranth, or Flower-gentle), Class xxi. Monuecia,

Order v. Pentandria
Amaryllis (Lily Daflbdil), Classv'i. Hexandria, Order i. Monogy.
Ambrosia, C/aas xxi. Monceeia, 0/£/<?r v. Pentandria

Anibrosina, Class xx. Gynandria, Order ht. Polyandria

Amellus, C/cws xix. Syngenesia, Order ii. Polyg. super.
Amethystea, C/rt&s ii. Diandria, Order i. Monogynia
Ammannia, C/otfS iv. Tetrandria, Order i. Monogynia
Ammi (Bishop's Weed), Class v. Pentandria, Orderi. Monogynia
Aniumum (Ginger), Class i. Monandria, Order i. Monogynia
Amorpha (Bastard Indigo), Class xvii. Diadelphia, Order iv. De-
candria
Amygdalus (Almond, or Peach), Class xii. Icosandria, Order i.

Monogynia
Amyris, Class viii. Octandria, Order i. Monogynia
Anabasis (Berry-bearing Glasswort), Class v. Pentandria, Order
ii. Digynia
Anacardium (Cashew Nut), Class ix. Enneandria, Order i. Mo-
nogyni*
302 TABLE III.

Anacy lus, Class xix. Syngenesia, Order ii. Polyg. super.

Anagallis (Pimpernel), Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogynia
Anagyris (Stinking Bean Trefoil), Class x. Decandria, Order i.

Munogynia
Anastatica (liose of Jericho), C/os.v xv. Tetradynamia, Order ii.

Siliculosa

Anchusa (Bugloss), C/oss v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogynia

Am is'rum, 67<ws ii. Diandria, Order i. Monogynia
Ancii acime (Bastard Orpine), Class xxi. Monoecia, Order ii. Gy-
nandria ,

Andromeda (Marsh Cistus), Class x. Decandria, Order i. Mono-

gynia
Aiidr ipogon, Class xxiii. Polygamia, Order i. Moncocia
Andros .ee, Class v. i'euur.drLu, Order u Monogynia
Andryala (Downy Sow-this'le), Class xix. Syngenesia, Order i.

Polyg. ee M u.

Anemone (\Vind Flower), Class xiii. Polyandria, Order sW. Poly-

gyn.a
Anethum (Dill), Class v. Pentandria, Order ii. Digynia
Angelica Class v. Pentandria, Order ii. Digynia
Anguria, Class xxi. Monoecia, Order ii. Diandria
Annona (Custard Apple), Class xiii. Polyandria, Order vii. Po-
1 v gvnia
Anthemis (Chamomile), Class xix. Syngenesia, Order ii. Polyg.
super.

Anthericum (Spider- wort), Class vi. Hexandria, Order i. Mono-

gynia
Anthisthia, Class iii. Triandria, Order ii. Digynia
Anthoceros, Class xxiv. Cryptogam ia, Order iii. Algae
Anthospermum (Amber Tree), Class xxiii. Polygamia, Order ii.

Dioecia
Anthoxanthum (Vernal Grass), C/assii. Diandria, Order ii. Digynia
Antholiza, C/ass iii. Triandria, Order i. Monogynia
Anthyllis (Kidney Vetch, or Lady's Finger), C&m xvii. DiadeU
phia. Order iv. Decandria
Antichorus, C/aas viii. Octandria. Order i. Monogynia
Andidesma, Class xxii. Dicecia, Order v. Pentandria
 TABLE III. 30?

Antirrhinum (Snap-dragon, or Calf's-snout), Class xiv. Didy-

namia, Order ii. Angiosperma
Apactis, Class xi. Dodecandria, Order i. Monogynia
Aphanes (Parsley-piert), Class iv. Tetrandria, Order ii. Digynia
Aphyllanth.es, Class \'\. Hexandria, Order i. Monogynia
Aphyteia, Class xvi. Monadclphia, Order i. Triandria
Apium (Parsley), CVctss v. Pentandria, Order ii. Digynia
Aphida, Class xxiii. Poly gam ia, Order i. Monoecia-
Apocynum (Dog's-bane), C/ass v. Pentantlria, Order ii. Digynia
Aponogeton, Class vii. Heptandria, Order iv. Tetragynia
Aquartia, C/ass iv. Tetrandria, Order i. Monogynia
Aquilegia (Columbine,) Class xm. Polyandria, Order v. Pentagyn.
Aquilicia, C/o& v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogynia
Arabis (Bastard Tower Mustard), C/<ws xv.Tetradynamia, Order
i. Siliquosa
Arachis (Ground Nut), C/assxvii. Diadelphia, Order iv. Decandria
Aralia (Berry- bearing Angelica), Class v. Pentandria, O/y/ct ii.

Digynia
Arbutus (Strawberry-tree), Classx. Decandria, Orderi. Monogyn.
Arctium (Burdock), Class xix. Syngenesia, Order i. Polyg. aequ.
Arctopus, Class xxiii. Poly gamia, Order ii. Dicecia
Arctotis, Class xix. Syngenesia, Order iv. Polyg. necessaria
Arduina (Bastard Lycium), Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Mono-
gynia
Areca (Areca Nut), Appendix, Palmse
Arenaria (Sea Chickweed), Class x. Decandria, Order iii. Trigynia
Arethusa, Class xx. Gynandria, Order i. Diandria
Aretia, Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogynia
Argemone (Prickly Poppy), Class xiii. Polyandria, Order i. Mo-
nogynia
Argophyllum, Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogynia
Aristkla, Class iii. Triandria, Order ii. Digynia
Aristotelia, Class xi. Dodecandria, Order i. Monogynia
Aristolochia (Birthwort), C/ass xx. Gynandria, Order v. Hexand.
Arnica, Class xix. Syngenesia, Order ii. Polyg. super.
Artedia, CYcm v. Pentandria, Order ii. Digynia
Artemisia (Mugwort), Class xix. Syngenesia, Order u, Polyg. sup.
304- TABLE III.

Artocarpus, Class xxi. Monoecia, Order i. Monandria

Arum (Wake Robin, or Cuckoo Pint), Class xx. Gynandria, Or-
der ix. Polyaudria
Arundo (R<:ed), Class in. Triandria, Order ii. Digynia
Asirum (Asarabacca), Class xi. Dodecandria, Order i. Monogy.
Asclepias (Swallow-wort), Class v. Pentandria, Order ii. Digynia
Ascyrum (St. Pet^r's-wort), Class xviii. Polyadelphia, Order iii.

Poly and ria

Aspalathus (African Broom), Class xvii. D iadelphia, Order ir.

Decandi ia
Asparagus (Asparagus), or Sperge, Class v. Hexandria, Order i.

Monogynia
Asperugo (Wild Buglos, or Goose Grass), Class v. Pentandria,
Order i. Monogynia
Asperula (Woodroof), Class iv. Tetrandia, Order i. Monogynia
Asphodelus (Asphodel, or King's Spear), Class vi. Hexandria,
Order i. Monogynia
Asplenium (Spleen-wort, or Milt-waste), Class xxiv. Cryptoga-
mia, Order i. Filices

Aster (Star-wort), Class xix. Syngenesia, Order ii. Polyg. super.

Astragalus (Liquorice Vetch, or Milk Vetch), Class xvii. Dia-
delphia, Order iv. Decandria
Astrantia (Black Masterwort), C/oss v. Pentandria, Order ii. Di-
gynia
Astronium, Class xxii. Dicecia, Order v. Pentandria
Athamanta (Spignel), Class v. Pentandria, Order ii. Digynia
Athanasia, Class xix. Syngenesia, Order i. Polyg. aequa.
Atractylis (Distafl'Thistle), Class xix. Syngenesia, Order i. Polyg.
aqua.
Atragene, Class xiii. Polvandria, Order vii. Polygynia
Atraphaxis, Class vi. Hexandria, Orrftr ii. Digynia
Atriplex (Orach), Class xxiii. Poly gam ia, Order ii. Dicecia
Atropa (Deadly Nightshade), Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Mo-
nogynia
Aucuba, Class xxii. Monoecia, Order iv. Totrandria
Avena (Oats), Class iii. Triandria, Order ii. Digynia
Averrhoa, Class x. Decaiidria, Order v. Pentagynia
 TABLE III. S05

Avicennia, Class xiv. Didynamia, Order ii. Angiosperma

Axyris, Class xxii. Monoecia, Order iii. Triandria
Ayenia, Class XX, Gynandria, Order iv. Pentandria
Azalea (American upright Honeysuckle), Class v. Pentandria,
Order i. Monogynia

B
Baccharis (Plowman's Spikenard), Class xix. Syngenesia, Order
ii. Polyg. super.
Baickea, Class viii. Octandria, Order i. Monogynia
Ball 6ta (Black Horehound), Class xiv. Didynaniia, Order i. Gym-
nosperma
Baltimora, G7w?s xix. Syngenesia, Order iv. Polyg. necess.
Banisteria, Class x. Decandria, Order iii. Trigynia
Banksia, Class iv. Tetrandria, Order i. Monogynia
Barleria C7aw xiv. Didynamia, Order ii. Angiosperma
Barnadesia, C/dss xix. Syngenesia, Order i. Pol. cequalis

Barringtonia, Class xvi. Monadelphia, Order vii. Polyandria

Bartsia, GY«ss xiv. Didynamia, Order ii, Angiosperma
Basella (Malabar Nightshade), Class v. Pentandria, Order iii.

Trigynia
Bassia, Class xi. Dodecandrja, Orrfer i. Monogynia
Batis, Class xxii. Dicecia, Order iv. Tetrandria

Bauhinia (Mountain Ebony), C7«ss x. Decandria, Order i. Mono-

gynia
Befaria, Class xi. Dodecandria, Order i. Monogynia
Begonia, Class xxi. Moncecia, Order vii. Polyandria

Bellium, Clem xix. Syngenesia, Order ii. Polygamia super.

Bellis (Daisy), Class xix. Syngenesia, Order ii. Polygamia super.
Bellonia, Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogynia
Berberis (Berberry, or Piperidge Bush), Class vi. Ilexandria,

Order i. Monogynia
Beigia, Class x. Decandria, Order v. Pentagynia
Besleria, Class xiv. Didynamia, Order ii. Angiosperma
Beta (Beet), 67<m v. Pentandria, Order ii. Digynia
Betonica (Betony), Class xiv. Didynamia, Order i. Gymnosper.
X
 306 table nr.

Be tula (Birch), Class xxi. Moncecia, Order Hi. Triandria

Bi'dens (Water Hemp Agrim.), C/«ss xix. Syngenesia, Order L
Polyg. aequal.
Bignonia (Trumpet Flower), Class xiv. Didynamia, Order ii. An-
giosperma
Biscutella (Buckler Mustard), Class xv. Tetradynamia, Order i.

Siliculosa

Biserrula, Class xvii. Dirdelphia, Order iv. Decandria

Bi'xa (Anotta), Class xiii. Monogynia
Polyandria, Order i.

,
Bladhia, Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogynia
Blakea, Class xi. Dodecandria, Order i. Monogynia
Blasia, Class xxiv. Cryptogamia, Order iii. Algae
Blaeria, Class iv. Tetrandria, On/er i. Monogynia
Blechnum, C/ass xxiv. Cryptogamia, Order i. Filices

Blitum (Strawberry Spinach, or Blite), Class i. Monandria, Or-

der ii. Digynia
Bobartia, Class iii. Triandria, Order ii. Digynia
Boceonia, Class xi. Dodecandria, Order i. Monogynia
Boerhaavia (American Hog-weed), Class i. Monandria, Order i.

Monogynia
Boletus, Class xxiv. Cryptogamia, Order iv. Fungi
B6mbax Cotton Tree), Class xvi. Monadelphia, Order
(Silk ?ii.

Polyandria
Bontia, Class xiv. Didynamia, Order ii. Angiosperma
Borassus, Appendix, Palma
Borbonia, Class xvii. Diadelphia, Order iv. Decandria
Borago (Borrage), Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogynia
Bosea (Yerva-mora, or Golden-rod Tree), Class y. Pentandria,
Order ii. Digynia
Brabeium (African Almond), Class xxiii. Polygamia, Order I
Moncecia
Brassica (Cabbage), Class xv. Tetradynamia, Order i. Siliquosa
Brathys, Class xiii. Polyandria, Order v. Pentagynia
Briza (Quaking Grass), Class iii. Triandria, Order ii. Digynia
Bromelia (Ananas, or Pine Apple), Class Hexandria,
vi. Order i;

Monogynia
 TABLE III. S07
Br6mus (Brome Grass), Class iii. Triandria, Order ii. Digynia
Brosssea, Appendix, Palmae

Browallia, Class xiv. Didynamia, Order ii. Angiosperma

Brownea, Class xvi. Monadelphia, Order v. Enneandria
Bruneila,
Bi'iinia, Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogynia
Brunsfelsia, Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogynia
Brucea, Class xxii. Dicecia, Order iv. Tetrandn'a
Bryonia (Bryony), Class xxi. Monoccia, Order x. Syngenesia
Bryum, Class xxiv. Cryptogamia, Order ii. Musci
Biibon (Macedonian Parsley), Classy. Pentandria, Order ii. Di-
gynia
Bucida, Class x. Decandria, Order i. Monogynia
Buchnera, Class xiv. Didynamia, Order ii. Angiosperma
Buddleia, Class xv. Tetrandria, Order i. Monogynia
Bufonia, Class'i v. Tetrandria, Order ii. Digynia
Bulbocodium, C/tm vi. Hexandria, Order i. Monogynia
Bumalda, C/o&s v. Pentandria, Orcfer ii. Digynia
Biinias, C/oss iv. Tetradynamia, Order i. Siliquosa

Bunium (Pig-nut, or Earth-nut), Class v. Pentandria, Order ii.

Digynia
Buphthalmuni (Ox-eye), Class xix. Syngenesia, Order ii. Po-
lyg. super.

Bupleurum (Hare's Ear), Class v. Pentandria, Order ii. Digynia

Burmannia, C/«s.y vi. Hexandria, Order i. Monogynia
Bursera, C/o*svi. Hexandria, Order i. Monogynia
Butomus (Flowering Rush, or Water Gladiolus), Class ix. Enne-
andria, Orc/er vi. Hexagynia
Buxbaumia, Class xxiv. Cryptogamia, Order ii. Musci
Buxus (Box Tree), Class xxi. Monoecia, Orc/cr iv. Tetrandria
Byssus, Class xxiv. Cryptogamia, 07y/ct iii. Algae
Buttneria, Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogynia

C
Cacalia (Alpine ColtVfoot), Cl<*ss xix. Syngenesia, Ortkri. Po-
lyg. aequ.
X2
308 TABLE III.

Cactus (Melon Thistle), Class xii. Icosandria, Order i. Mono-

gynia
C.'chrys, Class v. Pentandria, Order ii. Digynia
Caesalpinia (Brasiletto), Class x. Decandria, Order i. Monogynia
Calea, Class xix. Syngenesia, Order i. Polyg. aequal.
Calendula (Marygold), C/cm xix. Syngenesia, Order iv. Polyg,
neces.
Calamus, Class vi. Hexandria, Orrfer Monogynia
i.

Calceolaria, Class ii. Diandria, Order i. Monogynia

Calycanthus (Virginian All-spice), Class xii. Icosandria, Order
v. Polygynia
Calla (African Arum), Class xx. Gynandria, Order ix. Polyandria
Callicarpa (Johneonia), Class iv. Tetrandria, Order i. Monogynia
Calligonum, Class xiii. Polyandria, Order ii. Digynia
Callisia, C/ass iv. Triandria, Order i. Monagynia
Callitriche (Star-headed Water Chickweed), Class i. Monandria,
Order ii. Digynia
Calodendrum, Class v. Pentandria, Order Monogynia i.

Calophyllum, C/cw.? xiii. Polyandria, Order i. Monogynia

Caltha (Marsh Marygold), Class xiii. Polyandria, Order vii. Po-
lygynia
Cambogia, Class xiii. Polyandria, Order i. Monogynia
Camellia, Class xvi. Monadelphia, Order vii. Polyandria
Cameraria, Class v. Pentandria, Order k Monogynia
Campanula (Bell-flower), C/ass v. Pentandria, Order i. Mono-
gynia
Camocladia, Class iv. Triandria, Order i. Monogynia
Cainphorosma, Class iv. Tetrandria, OrdtY Monogynia
i.

Canarma, Cluss vi. Hexandria, Order i. Monogynia

Canarium, C'tos xxii. Dioecia, Order v. Pentandria
Canella, Class xi. Dodecandria, Order i. Monogynia
Canna (Indian Flowering Reed), Class i. Monandria, Order i. Mo-
nogynia
Cannabis, (Hemp), Class xxii. Dicecia, Order v. Pentandria
Capparis (Caper Bush), Class xiii. Polyandria, Order i. Mono-
 TABLE III. 309

Capraria, Class xiv. Didynamia, Order ii. Angiosperma

Capsicum (Guinea Pepper), Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogy.
Capura, Class vi. Hexandria, Order i. Monogynia
Cardami'ne (Lady's Smock), Class xv. Tetradynamia, Order i. Si-
liquosa

Cardiospermum (HeartPea), Class via. Octandria, Order iii. Tri-

gynia
Carduus (Thistle), Class xix. Syngenesia, Order i. Polyg. ajqual.
Carex, Class xxi. Moncecia, Order iii. Triandria
Carica (Papaw), Class xxii. Dicecia, Order ix. Decandria
Carissa, Class v. Pentandria, O/ikr i. Monogynia
Carlina (Carline Thistle), Class xix. Syngenesia, Order i. Po-
lyg. requalis
Carolinea, Class xvi. Monadelphia, Order vii. Poly and ria
Caroxylon, Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogynia
Carpesium, C/r?s,y xix. Syngenesia, Order ii. Polyg. super.
Carpinus (Hornbeam), Classxx'u Moncecia, Order 8. Potyandria
Carthamus (Bastard Saffron), Class xix. Syngenesia, Order i. Po-
lyg. aqualis
Carum (Carui, or Carraway), Class v. Pentandria, ii. Di-
gynia
Carfocar, Class xiii. Polyandria, Order iv. Tetragynia
Caryophyllus (Clove Tree), C/ass xiii. Polyandria. Order i. Mo-
nogynia
Carfota, Appendix, Palmae
Cassia (Wild Senna), Class x. Decandria, Order i. Monogynia
Cassine (Hottentot Cherry), Class v. Pentandria, Order iii. Tri-

gynia
Cassft, Class ix. Enneandria, Order \. Monogynia
Castilleia, Class xiv. Didynamia, Order ii. Angiosperma
Casuarina, Class xxi. Moncecia, Order i. Monandria
Catananche (Candy Lion's Foot), Class xix. Syngenesia, Order i.

Polyg. squalls
Catesbaea (Lily Thorn), Class'iv. Tetrandria, Order i. Monogynia
Caturus, C/«.s5xxii. Dicecia, Order v. Pentandria
Caucalis (Bastard Parsley), Class v. Pentandria, Order ii, Digyn-
310 TABLE III.

Ceanothus (New Jersey Tea), Classy. Pentandria, Order i. Mo-

nogynia
Cecropia, Class xxii. Diaecia, Order ii. Diandria
Cedrela, Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Mo nogynia
Celastrus (StalFTree), Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Mnnogynia
Celosia (Cock's-comb), C/cw« v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogynia
Celsia, Class x'w. Didynaniia, Order ii. Angiosperma
Celtis (Nettle Tree), C/<m xxiii. Polygamia, Order i. Monoecia
Cenchrus, Class xxiii. Polygamia, Order i. Moncecia
Centaurea (Centaury), C/ass xix. Syngenesia, Order iii. Polyg.
frustr.

Centella, Class xxi. Monoecia, Order iv. Tetrandria

Centunculus, C/ews iv. Tetrandria, Order i. Monogynia
Cephalanthus (Button Wood), Class iv. Tetrandria, Order i. Mo-
nogynia
Cerastium (Mouse-ear Chickvveed), Class x. Decandria, Order
iv. Pentagynia
Ceratocarpus, Class xxi. Monoecia, Order i. Monandria
Ceratonia (Carob Tree, or St. John's Bread), Class xxiii. Poly-
gamia, Polycecia
Ceratophyllum (Horned Pond Weed), Class xxi. Moncecia, Or-
der viii. Poly and ria
Cerbera, Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogynia
Cercis (Judas Tree), Class x. Decandria, Order Monogynia i.

Cerinthe (Honey-wort), Class v. Pentandria, CWer i. Monogyn.

Ceropegia, Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogynia
Oestrum (Bastard Jasmine), Classv. Pentandria, Order i. Monogyn.
Choerophyllum (Wild Chervil), Class v. Pentandria, Order ii.

Digynia
Chalcas, Class x. Decandria, Order i. Monogynia
Charmerops (Dwarf-palm, or Palmeto), Appendix, Palmes
Chamira, Class xv. Tetradynamia, Order i. Siliquosa
Chara, Class xxi. Monoecia, Order i. Monandria
Chcirauthus (Stock July Flower), Class xv. Tetradynamia, Or-
der i. Siliquosa

Chelidonium (Celendine), Class xiii. Polyandria, Order i, Mo-

nogynia
 TABLE III. , 311

Chelone, Class xiv. Didynamia, Order ii. Angiospeima

Chenoha, Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogynia
Chenopodium (Goose-foot, or Wild Orach), Class v. Pentandria,

Order ii. Digynia

Cherleria, Class x. Decandria, Order iii. Ti igynia
Chiococca, Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogynia
"Chionanthus (Snow-drop Tree, or Fringe Tree), Class ii. Diandria,
Order i. Monogynia
Chironia, C/ass v. Pentandria, Orcfer i. Monogynia
Chlora, Class viii. Octandria, Order i. Monogynia
Chondrilla (Gum Succory), Class xix. Syngenesia, Order i. Po-
lyg. aequalis

Chrysanthemum (Corn Mary gold), Class xix. Syngenesia, Or-

der ii. Polyg. super.
Chr^sitrix, Class xxiii. Polygamia, Order ii. Dicecia
Chrysobalanus (Cocoa Plumb), Class xii. Icosandria, Order i.

Monogynia
Chrysocoma (Golden Locks), Class xix. Syngenesia, Or der i. Po-
lyg. aequalis

Chrysogonum, Class xix. Syngenesia, Order i. Polyg. aequalis

Chrysoph^llum (Star Apple), Classy. Pentandria, Order i. Mo-
nogynia
Chrysosplenium (Golden Saxifrage), Class x. Decandria, Order
ii. Digynia
Cicca, Class xxi. Moncc :
a, Order W. Tetrandria
Cicer (Chich Peas), Class, xvii. Diadelphia, Order iv. Decandria
Chichorium (Succory, or Endive), Class xix. Syngenesia, Or-
der i. Polyg. ajquaiis
Cicuta (Water Hemlock), Class v. Pentandrin, Order ii.Digynia
Cimicifuga, Class xiii. Polyandria, Order iv. Tetragynia
Chinchona, Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogynia
Cinna, Class i. Monandria, Order ii. Digynia
Cineraria (Sky-flower), Class xix. Svnge, Order ii. Polyg. sup.
Circaea (Enchanter's Nightshade), Class ii. Diandria, Order i.

Monogynia
Cissampelos, C/ass xxii. Dicecia, Order xii. Monadelphia
31 f TABLE III.

Cissus, Class iv. Tetrandria, Order i.' Monogynia

Cistus (Rock Rose), Class xiii. Polyandria, Order i. Monogynia
Citharoxylon (Fiddle Wood), Class xiv. Didynamia, Order ii.

Angiospcrma
Citrus (Citron), Class xviii. Polyadelphia, Order ii. Icosandria
Clathrus, Class xxiv. Ciyptogamia, Order iv. Fungi
Clavaria, Class xxiv. Cryptogamia, Order iv. Fungi
Claytonia, Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogynia
Clematis (Virgin's Bovver), C/etss xiii. Polyandria, 0/Y/er vii. Po-
lygyria
Cleome (Bastard Mustard), Class xv: Tetrad ynamia, Order i.

Siliquosa
Cleonia, Class xiv. Didynamia, Order i. Gymnosperma
Clerodendrum, CZass xiv. Didynamia, Order ii. Angiosperma
Clibadium, CZass xxi. Moncecia, OrcZer v. Pentandria
Clethra, CZ«a\s x. Decandria, Order i Monogynia
Cleyera, CZass xiii. Polyandria, Orae/- i. Monogynia
Cliffortia, C/«S5 xxii. Dioccia, Order xi. Polyandria
Clinopodium (Field Basil), Class xiv. Didynamia, Order i. Gym-
nosperma
Clitoria, Ctass xvii. Diadelphia, OraVriv. Decandria
Cliisia (Balsam Tree), Class xxiii. Polygamia, Order i. Monoecia
Clutia, Class xxii. Dioecia, Order xiv. Gynandria
Clypeola (Treacle Mustard), Class xv. Tetradynamia, Order ii.

Siliculosa

Cneorum (Widow Wail), Class iii. Triandria, Order i. Monogyn.

Cnicus (Blessed Thistle), CZass x. Syngenesia, Order i. Polyg.
sequalis

Cochlearia (Scurvy-grass, or Spoon- wort), Class xv. Tetradyna-

mia, Order ii. Si iiculosa

C6cos (Cocoa-Nut), Palmar

Codia, Class viii. Octandria, Orrfer ii. Digynia
Coccoloba, CZass \ iii. Octandria, Order iii. Tri^vnia
Codon, Class x. Decandiia, Order i. Monogynia
Coffea (Coffee-Tree), Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogynia
Coix (Job's Tears), Class xxi. Moncecia, Order iii. Triandria
 TABLE III. 313

Colchicum (Meadow Saffron >, Class vi. Hexandria, Order iii.

Tngynia
Coldenia, Class iv. Tetrandria, Order iii. Tetrasynia
Collinsonia, Class ii. Diandria, Order i. Monogynia
Columnea, Chiss xir. Didynamia, Order ii. Angiosperma
Colli tea (Bladder Senna), Class xvii. Diadelphia, Order iv. De-
candria
Comarum (Marsh Cinquefoil), Class xii. Icosandria, Order v. Po-
ly gynia

Combretum, Class viii. Octandria, Order i. Monogynia

Cometes, Class iv. Te trandria, Order i. Monogynia
Commelina, Class iii. Triandria, Order i. Monogynia
Commersonia, Class v. Pentandria, Order v. Pentagynia
Comocladia, C/^ss iii. Triandria, Order i. Monogynia
Conferva, C/rtss xxiv. Cryptogamia, Order iii. Algae
Con film (Hemlock), Class v. Pentandria, Order ii. Digynia
Connarus, CZ«s,s xvi. Monadelphia, Order iv. Decandria *
Conocarpus (Button-Tree), Class v. Pentandria, . Order i. Mono-
gynia
Convallaria (Lily of the Valley), Class vi. Hexandria, Order i;

Monogynia
Convolvulus (Bind Weed), Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Mono-
gynia
Confza (Flea-bane), Class xix. Syngenesia, Order iii. Polyg.
frustr.

Copaifera, Class x. Decandria, Order i. Monogynia

C'oprosma, Class v. Pentandria, Order ii. Digynia
Corchorus (Jew's Mallow), Class xiii. Polyandria, Order i. Mo-
.nogvnia
Cordia (Sibestan), Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogynia
Coreopsis (Tick-seeded Sun-flower), Class xix. Syngenesia, Or-
der iii. Polyg. frustr.

Coriandrum (Coriander), Class v. Pentandria, Order ii. Digynia

Coriaria (Myrtle-leaved Sumach), Class xxii. Dicecia, Order ix.
Decandria
Coris (Heathlow Pine), Class v. Pentandria, Onfer i. Monogynia
31* TABLE III.

Corispermum (Tick-seed), Class i. Monandria, Order ii. Digynia

Cornucopine, Class iii. Triandria, Order ii. Digynia
Cornus (Dog-wood, or Cornelian Cherry), Class iv. Tef:andria,

Order i. Monogynia
Cornutia, Class 3fy. Didynarnia, Order ii. Angiosperma
Coronilla (Jointed-poded Coluta), CZ«ss xvii. Diadelphia, Orrfcr
iv. Decandria
Corrigiola, Classy. Pentandria, Order iii. Trigynia
Cortusa (Bear's-ear Sanicle), Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Mo-
nogynia
Corylus (Hazel, or Nut-tree), Class xxi. Monoecia, Order viii.

Poly and ria

Corymbium, CZass xix. Syngenesis, Order vi. Monogynia
Corynocarpus, Class v. Pentandria, Ort^er i. Monogamia
Corfpha, Palmae
Costus, Class i. Monandria, On/er i. Monogynia
C6tula, Class xix. Syngenesia, Order ii. Polyg. superfl.
Cotyledon (Navel-wort), Class x. Decandria, Orrfer iv. Penta-
gynia
Crambe (Sea Cabbage), Class xv. Tetradynamia, Order i. Sili—
quosa
Crarneria, C/ass iv. Tetrandria, Order i. Monogynia
Craneolaria, Class xiv. Didynarnia, Order ii. Angiosperma
Crassula (Lesser Orpine), Class v. Pentandria, Order v. Pentagyn.
Crataegus (Wild Service), Class xii. Icosandria, Order ii. Di-
gynia
Crataeva (Garlic Pear), Class xi. Dodecandria, Order i. Monogyn.
Crepis (Bastard Hawk-weed), Class xix. Syngenesia, Order i. Po-
lyg. sequalis

Crescentia (Calabash Tree), Class xiv. Didynarnia, Order ii. An-

giosperma
Cressa, Class v. Pentandria, Order ii. Digynia
Crinuro (Asphodel Lily), Class Hexandria, Order i. Monogyn.
Criihmum (Samphire), Classy. Pentandria, Order ii. Digynia
C rocus (Saffron), Class m. Triandria, Order i. Monogynia
Crotalaria, Class xvii. Diadelphia, Order iv. Decandria
 TABLE III. 315
Croton (Tallow-Tree, or Bastard Ricinus), Class xxi. Moncecia,
Order ix. Monadelphia
Crucianella (Petty Madder), Class iv. Tetrandria, Order i. Mo-
nogynia
Cruzita, Class iv. Tetrandiia, Order ii. Digynia
Cucubalus (Berry-bearing Chickweed), Class x. Decandria, Or-
der iii. Trigynia
Cucumis (Cucumber), Class xxi. Moncecia, Order x. Syngenesia
Cucurbita (Gourd), Class xxi. Moncecia, Order x. Syngenesia
Cuminuin (Cumin), Classy. Pentandria, Order ii. Digynia
Cunila, Class Vu Diandria, Order i. Mouogynia
Cunonia, Class x. Decandria, Order ii. Digynia
Cupania, Class xxi. Moncecia, Order ix. Monadelphia
Cupressus (Cypress), Class xxi. Moncecia, Order ix. Monadelph.
Curatella, Class xiii. Polyandria. Order ii. Digynia
Curcuma (Turmerick), Class i. Monandria, Order i. Monogynia
Cuscuta (Dodder), C7«ss iv. Tetrandiia, Or der ii. Digynia
Cussonia, Class v. Pentandria, Order ii. Digynia
Cyanella, Class vi. Hexandria, Order i. Monogynia
C^cas (Sego Palm), C/a«s xxiv. Cryptogamia, Order i. Filices
Cyclamen (Sow-bread), C/oss v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogyru
Cymbaria, C/ass xiv. Didynamia, Order ii. Augiosperma
Cynanchum, Class v. Pentandria, Order ii. Digynia
C^nara (Artichoke), Class xix. Syngenesia, Order i. Polyg. aequ.
Cynoglossum (Hound's Tongue), Class v. Pentandria, Order i.

Monogynia
Cynometra, Class x. Decandria, Order i. Monogynia
Cynomorium, Class xxi. Moncecia, Order i. Monandria
Cynosurus (Dog's-tail Grass), C/a.w v. Triandria, Order ii. Di-
gynia
Cyperus (English Galingalc), Class iii. Triandria, Order i. Mo-
nogynia
Cypripedium (Lady's Slipper), Class xx. Gynandria, Order ii.

Diandria
Cyrilla, Class v. Pentandria, O/der i. Monogynia
Cy^inus, Class xx. Gynandria, Order viii Dodecandria
51 TABLE III.

Cy" tisus (Base-Tree Trefoil), Class xvii. Diadelphia, Order iv.

Decandria

D
Dactylis (CockVfoot Grass), Class iii. Triandria, Order ii. Di-
gynia
Dais, Class x. Decandria, Order i. Monogynia
Dalbergia, Class xvii. Diadelphia, Orefe? -
iii. Octandria
Dalechampia, C/«ss xxi. Monoecia, Order ix. Monadelphia
Daphne (Mc zereon, or Spurge Laurel), Class viii. Octandria, Or-
J

der i. Monogynia
Datisca (Bastard Hemp), C/ass xxii. Diaecia, Order x. Dodecand.
Datura (Thorn Apple), C/ass v. Pentandria, Order Monogynia i.

Daucus (Carrot), C/ass v. Pentandria, Order ii. Digynia

Decumaria, Class xi. Dodecand ria, Order i. Monogynia
Delhna, C/os.s xiii. Polyandria, Order i. Monogynia
Delphinium (Larkspur), Class xiii. Polyandria, Order iii. Trigyn.
Dentaria (Tooth-wort), Class xv. Tetradynamia, 0/y/ct i. Sili-

quosa
Deutzia, Class x., Decandria, Order iii. Trigynia
Dialium, Class ii. Diandria, Order i. Monogynia
Dianthera, C/oss ii. Diandria, Orderi. Monogynia
Dianthus (Pink, or Carnation), Class x. Decandria, Order ii. Di-
gynia
Diapensia, Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogynia
Dictamnus (Fraxinella, or White Dittany), Class x. Decandria,
Order i. Monogynia
Didelta, Class xix. Syngenesia, 0/-JtT iii. Polyg. frustr.
Digitalis (Fox-glove), Class xiv. Didynamia, Order ii. Angio-
sperma
Dilatris, Class Hi. Triandria^ Orderi. Monogynia
Dillenia, Class xiii. Polyandria, Order vii. Polygvnia
Diodia, Class iv. Tetrandria, Order i. Monogynia
Dionaea (Venus's Fly-trap), Class x. Decandria, Older i. Mono-
gynia
Dioscorea, Class xxii. Dicecia, Order vi. Hexandria
 TABLE III. 317

Diosma (African Spirea), Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Mono-

gynia
Diospyrus (Indian Date Plum), Class xxiii. Polygamia, Order ii.

Dicecia
Dirca (Leather-wood), Class viii. Octandria, Order i. Monogyn.
Dipsacus (Teazel), Class iv. Tetrandria, Order i. Monogynia
Disa, Class xx. Gynandria, Order ii. Diandria
Disandra, Class v\\. Heptandria, Order i. Monogynia
Dodartia, Class xiv. Didynamia, Order ii. Angiosperma
Dodecas, Class xi. Dodecandria, Order i. Monogynia
Dodecatheoh Meadia, Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogynia
Dodonaea, Class viii. Octandria, Order i. Monogynia
Dolichos, Class xvii. Diadelphia, Orflfer iv. Decandria
Doraena, Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogynia
Dombeya, C7<«s xiv. Didynamia, Order ii. Angiosperma
Doronicum (Leopard's Bane), Class xix. Syngenesia, Order ii.

Polyg. super. *

•orstenia (Contrayerva), Class xv. Tetrandria, Order i. Monogyn.

Draba (Whitlow Grass), Class xvi. Tetradynamia, Order ii. Si-
liquosa

Dracaena, Class vi. Hexandria, Order i. Monogynia

Dracocephalum (Dragon's Head), Class xiv. Didynamia, Order ii.
Angiosperma
Dracontium (Dragons), Class xx. Gynandria, Order ix. Poly-
andria
Drosera (Sun-dew), Class v. Pentandria, Order v. Pentagynia
Dryandra, Class xvii. Monadelphia, Ort/c?" v. Enneandria
Drf as, C/cm xii. Icosandria, Order v. Polygynia

Drfpis, Class v. Pentandria, Order hi. Trigynia

Duranta, Class xiv. Didynamia, Order ii. Angiosperma
Durio, Class xviii. Polyadelphia, Order iii. Polyandria
Dur6ia, CYass vi. Hexandria, Order i. Monogynia

E
Ebenus (Ebony of Crete), Class xvii. Diadelphia, Order iv. De-
candria
318 TABLE 111.

Echin6phora (Prickly Parsnip), Class v. Pentandria, Order %

Digynia
Echinops (Globe Thistle), Class xix. Syngenesia, Order v. Poly-
gamia segregata
Echites, Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogynia
Echium (Viper's Bugloss), Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogy.
Eclipta, Class xix. Syngenesia, Order ii. Polyg. super.
Ehrharta, Class vi. Hexandria, Order i. Monogynia
Ehretia, Class v. Pentandria, Monogynia
Order i.

Ekebergia, Class x. Decandria, Order i. Monogynia

Elaiagnus (Wild Olive), Class i v. Tetrandria, Order Monogyn.
i.

Elaeocarpus, C/ass xiii. Polyandria, Order i. Monogynia

El a is, Pal mas
Elaiodendron, Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogynia
Elate, Palmae

Elaterium, Class xxi. Moncscia, Order i. Monandria

Elatine (Water-wort), CZ«ss viii. Octandria, Order iii. Trigynia
Elephantopus (Elephant's Foot), Class xix. Syngenesia, Order
v. Polygamia segregata
Ellisia, Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogynia
Elymus, Class iii. Triandria, Order ii. Digynia
Embothn'um, Class iv. Tetrandria, Order i. Monogynia
Empetrum (Black-berried Heath, or Crow-berries), CZoas xxii.
Dicecia, Order iii. Triandria
Epacris, Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogynia
Ephedra (Shrubby Horse-tail), Class xxii. Dicecia, Order xii.

Monadelphia
Epidendrum (Vanilla, ox Vanelloe), Class xx. Gynandria, Or*
der iv. Diandria
Epigaia (Trailing Arbutus), Class x. Decandria, Order i. Mono-
gynia
Epilobium (Willow Herb, or French Willow), Class viii. Oc-
tandria, Order i. Monogynia
Epimedium (Barren-wort), Class iy. Tetrandria, Order i. Mono-
gynia
Equisetuin (Horse-tail), ClassxxW. Cryptogamia, Order i. Filices.
Erantliemum, Class ii. Diandria, Order i. Monogynia
 TABLE III. 319

Erica (Heath), Class viii. Octandria, Order i. Monogynia

Erigeron, GYass xix. Syngenesia, Order ii. Polyg. super.
Erinus, Class xiv. Didynamia, Order ii. Angiosperma
Eriocaulon, Class iii. Triandria, Order iii. Trigynia
Eriocephalus, Class xix. Syngenesia, Order iv. Polyg. neces,
Eriophorum, Class iii. Triandria, Order i. Monogynia
Erithalis, Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogynia
Ervum (Bitter Vetch), Class xvii. Diadelphia, Order iv. Decandr.
Er^ngium (Eryngo, or Sea Holly), Class v. Pentandria, Order ii.

Digynia
Erysimum (Hedge Mustard), Class xv. Tetradynamia, 0/dcr i.

Siliquosa

Erythrina (Coral-tree), Class xvii. Diadelphia, Order iv. De-

candria
Erythrcnium (Dog's-tooth Violet), Class vi. Hexandria, Order u
Monogynia
Erythoxylon, Class x. Decandria, OroVr iii. Trigynia '

Escallonia, Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogynia

Ethiilia, Class xix. Syngenesia, On/er i. Polyg. aequalis
Euclea, Class xxii. Dicecia, Order x. Dodecandria
Eugenia, Class xii. Icosandria, OroVr i. Monogynia
Evolvulus, C/ass v. Pentandria, Order iv. Tetragynia
Euonymus (Spindle-tree), C/ass v. Pentandria, Order i. Mono-
gynia
Eupatorium (Hemp Agrimony), Class xix. Syngenesia, Order i.

Polyg. aMjiialis

Euphorbia (Burning Thorny Plant, or Spurge), Class xi. Dode-

candria, Order iii. Trigynia
Euphrasia (Eyebright), Class xiv. Didynamia, Order iu Angi-
osperma
Eurya, Class xi. Dodecandria, Order i. Monogynia
Exacum, Class iv. Tetrandria, Order i. Monogynia
Excoecaria, C/ass xxii. Dicecia, Order iii. Triandria

F
Fagara, Class iv. Tetrandria, Order i. Monogynia
Fagonia, Class x. Decandria, 0n$rr i. Monogynia
320 TABLE III.

Fagus (Beech), Class xxii. Moncecia, Order ^ iii. Polyandns

Falkia, Class vi. Hexandria, Order ii. .Digynia
Ferula (Fennel Giant), Class v. Pentandria, Order ii. Digynia
Ferraria, Class xx. Gynandria, Order iii. Triandria
Festuca (Fescue Grass), Class iii. Triandria, Order ii. Digynia
Fevillea, Class xxii. Dicecia, Order v. Pentandria

Ficus (Fig), C/om xxiii. Polygamia, Order r. Polyoecia .

Filago (CottonWeed), Class xix. Syngenesia, Order iv. Polyga-

mia necessaria
Flacourtia, Class xxii. Diced;.'. Order xii. Icosandria
Flagellaria, Class vi. Hexandria, Order iii. Trigynia
Fontinalis (Water Moss), Class xxiv. Cryptogamia, Order ii.

Musci
Forskohlea, Class x. Decandria, Order iv. Pentagynia
Forstera, Cass xx. Gynandria, Order ii. Diandria
Fothergilla, C/ass xiii. Polyandria,. Order ii. Digynia
Fragaria (Strawberry), Class xii. Icosandria, Order v. Polygyn,
Frankenia, Class vi. Hexandria, Oder i. Monogynia
Fraxinus (Asli), Class xxiii. Polygamia, Order ii. Dicecia
Fritillaria (Fritillary), Class vi. Hexandria, Order i. Monogynia
Fuchsia, C/«ss viii. Octandria, Order i. Monogynia
Fucus (Wrack, or SeaWeed), Class xxiv. Cryptogamia, Order iii.
Algae
Fuirena, Class iii. Triandria, Order i. Monogynia
Fumaria (Fumitory), Class xvii. Diadelphia, Orrfer ii. Hexandria
Fusanus, C'/ass xxiii. Polygamia, Order i. Moncecia

G
Ghinia, Class vi. Hexandria, Order ii. Digynia
Galanthus (Snow-drop), Class vi. Flexandria, Order i. Monogyn.
Galax, C/ass v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogynia
Galaxia, Class xvi. Moriadelphia, Order i. Triandria
Galega (Goat's Rue), Class xvii. Diadelphia, Orderly. Decandr.
Galenia, Class viii. Octandria, Order ii. Digynia
Galeopsis (Hedge Nettle), Cluss xiv. Didynamia, Order i. Gym-
nosperma
 TABLE III. 321

Galium (Lady's Bed-straw), Class iv. Tetrandria, Order i. Mo-

nogynia
Galopina, Class iv. Tetrandria, Order i'u Digynia
Garcinia, Class xi. Dodecandria, Order i. Monogynia
Gardenia (Cape Jasmine), Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Mono-
gynia
Garidella (Fennel-Flower of Crete), Class x. Decandria, Order in.

Trigynia
Gaultheria, Class x. Decandria, Order i. Monogynia
Gaura (Virginian Loosestrife), Class viii. Octandria, Order J.

Monogynia
Genipa, Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogynia
Genista (Single-seeded Broom), Class xvii. Diadelphia, Orderly
Decandria
Gentiana (Gentian, or Fell-wort), Class v. Pentandria, O/ cfcr ii.

Digynia
GeofFroya, Class xvii. Diadelphia, Order iv. Decandria
Geranium (Crane's Bill), Class xvi. Monadelphia, Orderly. De-
candria
Gerardia, CZas* xiv. Didynamia, Order ii. Angiosperma
Geropogon, Class xix. Syngenesia, Order i. Polyg. squalid
Gesneria, Class xiv. Didynamia, Order ii. Angiosperma
Gethyllis, Class xi. Dodecandria, Orrfer i. Monogynia
Geum (Aven's, or Herb Bennet), Class xii. Icosandria, Orrfer v.

Polygynia
Ginora, Class xi. Dodecandria, Order i. Monogynia
Ginkgo, Planta Obscura.
Gisekia, Glass v. Pentandria, Order v. Pentagynia
Glabraria^Cfos* xiii. Polyadclphia, Order Hi. Polyandria
Gladiolus (Corn Flag), Cfow iii. Triandria, Order i. Monogynia
Glaiix (Sea Milk-wort, or Black Salt-wort), Class v. Pentandria,
Order i. Monogyni;i
Glecoma (Ground Ivy, or Gill), Class xiv. Didynamia, Order i.

Gymnosperma
Gleditsia (Three-thorned Acacia), Class xxiii. Polygamia, Orderxi.
Dioecia
Glinus. C7<ws xi. Dodecandria. Order v. Pentagynia
Y

l
 338 TABLE III.

Globba, CVrti.v ii. Diandria, Order i. Monogynia.

Globularia (Blue Daisy), Class iv. Tetrandria, Order i. Monogyn
Gloriosa (Superb Lily), Class vi. Hexandria, Older i. Monogyn.
Gluta, Class xx. Gynandria, Order v. Pentandria
Glycine (Carolina Kidney-bean Tree), C/cws xvii. Diadelphia,
Order \m. Decandria
Glycyrrhiza (Liquorice), Class xvii. Diadelphia, Order iv. De-
candria
Gmelina, Class xiv. Didynamia, Order ii. Angiosperma
Gnaphalium (Cudweed), Class xix. Syngenesia, Order ii. Po-
lyg. super.

Gnetum, C7a.ss xxii. Morroecia, Order ix. Monadelphia

Gnidia, Class viii. Octandria, Order '].

Monogynia
Gomozia, Class iv. Tetrandria, Order ii. Digynia
Gomphrena (Globe Amaranth), Class v. Pentandria, Order ii.

Digynia «

Gonocarpus, CZ&ss iv. Tetrandria, Order i. Monogynia

Gordonia, Class xvi. Monadelphia, Orefcr vii. Polyandria
Gorteria, Class xix. Syngenesia, Order iii. Polyg. frustr.

Gossypium (Cotton), Class xvi. Monadelphia, Order vii. Poly-

andria
Gouania, Class xxiii. Polygamia, Order i. Monoecia
Gratiola (Hedge Hyssop), Class ii. Diandria, Order i. Monogyn.
Grewia, Class xx. Gynandria, Order ix. Polyandria
Grias, Class xiii. Polyandria, Class i. Monogynia
Grielum, Class x. Decandria, Order v. Pentagynia
Grislea, Cluss\ni. Octandria, Order i. Monogynia
Gronovia, Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogynia
Guajacum (Lignum Vita;), Class x. Decandria, Order i. Monogyn.
Guarea. C&m viii. Octandria, Order i. Monogynia
Guettarda, Class xxi. Moniecia, Order Heptandria vii.

Guilandina (Bonduc, or Nickar-tree), Class x. Decandria, Or-

der i. Monogynia
Gundelia, Class xix. Syngenesia, Order v. Polygamia segregata
Gunnera, Class xx. Gynandria, Order i. Diandria
Gustavia, Class xvi. Monadelphia, Order vii. Polyandria
Gypsophila, Class x. Decandria, Order 11. Digynia
 TABLE III. 323

H
IliEmanthus (Blood Flower), Class vi. Hexandria, Order i. Mo-
nogynia
Haematoxylum (Logwood), Class x. Decandria, Order i. Mo-
nogynia
Halesia, Class xi. Dodecandria, Order i. Monogynia
Haleria (African Fly-honeysuckle), Class xiv. Didynamia, Or-
der ii. Angiosperma
Haloragis, Class viii. Octandria, Orrfer iv. Tetragynia
Hamamelis (Witch Hazel), Class iv. Tetrandria, Order ii. Digyn,
Ha'mellia, Classy. Pentandria, Order i. Monogynia
Hartogia, Class iv. Tetrandria, Order i. Monogynia
Hasselquistia, CVass v. Pentandria, Order ii. Digynia
Hebenstretia, Glass xiv. Didynamia, Or<i(?r ii. Angiosperma
Hedera (Ivy), Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogynia
Hedycarya, Class xxii. Dicecia, Order xi. Polyandria
Hedyolis, CVa&s iv. Tetrandria, Order i. Monogynia
Hedfsarum (French Honeysuckle), Class xvii. Diadelphia, Or-
der iv. Decandria
Heisteria, Class x. Decandria, Order i. Monogynia
Helenium (Bastard Sunflower), Class xix. Syngenesia, Order ii.

Polyg. super.
Helianthus (Sunflower), Class xix. Syngenesia, Orcfer iii. Po-
lyg. frustr.

Heliconia, Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogynia

Helicteres (Skrew Tree), Class xx. Gynandria, Order vii. De-
candria
Heliocarpus, Class xi. Dodecandria, Order ii. Digynia
Heliophila, Class xv. Tetradynamia, Order i. Siliquosa

Heliotropium (Turn-sole), Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Mono-

gynia
Helonias, Class vi. Hexandria, Order iii. Trigynia
Helleborus (Black Hellebore), Class xiii. Polyandria, Order vii.

Polygynia
Helvetia, Class xxiv. Cryptogamia, Order iv. Fungi
Hemerocallis (Day Lily, or Lily Asphodel), Class vi. Hexan-
dria, Order i. Monogvnia
Y2 .
 TABLE III.

Hemionitis (Mule's Fern), Class xxiv. Cryptogamia, Order i,

Filices

Hemimeris, Class xm Didynamia, Order ii. Angiosperma

Heracleum (Cow Parsnep), Classy. Pentandria, Order ii. Digynia
Hermannia, Class xvi. Monadelphia, Order ii. Pentandria
Hermas, Class xxiii. Polygamia, Order i. Monoecia
Hernandia (Jack in a Box), Class xxi. Monoecia, Order iii. Tri«
andria
Herniaria (Rupture Wort), Class v. Pentandria, Order ii. Digynia
Hesperis (Dame's Violet, Rocket, or Queen's July Flower), Class
xvi. Tetradynamia, Order i. Siliquosa
Heuchera, Class v. Pentandria, Order ii. Digynia
Hibiscus (Althea Frutex, or Syrian Mallow), Class xvi. Mona-
delphia, Order vii. Polyandria
Hieracium (Hawk-weed), Class xix. Syngenesia, Order i. Po-
lyg. aequalis

Hillia, Class vi. Hexandria, Order i. Monogynia

Hippia, Clms xix. Syngenesia, Order iv. Polygamia necessaria
Hippocratea, Class iii. Triandria, Order i. Monogynia
Hippocrepis (Horseshoe Vetch), Class xvii. Diadelphia, Order iv.
Decandria
Hippomane (Manchineel), Class xxi. Monoecia, Order ix. Mo-
nadelphia
Hippophae (Sea Buckthorn), Class xxii. Dioecia, Order iv. Te-
trandia
Hippuris, Class i. Monandria, Orcfer i. Monogynia
Hirrea, Class x. Decandria, Order iii. Trigynia
Hirtella, CZrm v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogynia
Holcus (Indian Millet), Class xxiii. Polygamia, Order i. Monoecia
Hol6steura, C/ass iii. Triandria, Orcfcr iii. Trigynia
Hopea, Class xviii. Polyadelphia, Order iii. Polyandria
Hordeum (Barley), Class iii. Triandria, Order ii. Digynia
Horminum (Pyrenaean Clary), Class xiv. Didynamia, Order i.

Gymnosperma
Hottonia (Water Milfoil, or Water Violets, Classy. Pentandria,
Order i. Monogynia .

Hovenia, C7«ss v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogynia

 TABLE III. 325

Houstonia, Class iv, Tetrandia, Order i. Monogynia

Houtuynia, Class xiii. Polyandria, Order vii. Polygynia
Hudsonia, Class xi. Dodecandria, Order i. Monogynia
Hugonia, Class xvi. Monadelphia, Order iv. Decandria
Humulus (Hop), Class xxii Dioecia, Order v. Pentandria

Hiira (Sand-box Tree), Class xxi. Monoecia, Order ix. Mona-

delphia
Hyacinthus (Hyacinth), Class vi. Hexandria, Order i. Monogyn.
Hydnum, C7ass xxiv. Cryptogamia, Orrfer iv. Fungi
Hydrangea, Class x. Decandria, Order i. Monogynia
Hydrastis (Yellow Root), Class xiii. Polyandria, Order vii. Po-
lygynia
Hydrocharis (Frog's-bit), Class xxii. Dioecia, Order viii. Enne-
andria
Hydrocotyle (Water Navel-wort), Class v. Pentandria, Order ii.

Digynia
Hydrolea, Class v. Pentandria, Order ii. Digynia
Hydrophf lax, C/ass iv. Tetrandria, Order i. Monogynia
Hydrophyllum (Water Leaf), Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Mo-
nogynia
Hymenaea (Locust-tree, or Courbaril), Class x. Decandria, Or-
der i. Monogynia
Hyobanche, Class xiv. Didynamia, Order ii. Angiosperma
Hyoscyamus (Henbane), Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogyn.
Hyoseris, C/<m xix. Syngenesia, Order i. Polyg. aequalis
Hypecoum, Class iv. Tetrandria, Order ii. Digynia
Hypericum (St. John's Wort), Class xviii. Polyadelphia, Or-
der iii. Polyandria
Hypnum, Class xxi. Cryptogamia, Order ii. Musci
Hypochaeris, Class xix. Syngenesia, Order i. Polyg. aequalis
Hypoxis, Class vi. Hexandria, Order i. Monogynia
Hyssopus (Hyssop), Class xiv. Didynamia, Order i. Gymnosper.
*

Jacquinia, Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogynia

Jambolifera, C/aw viii. Octandria, Order i. Monogynia
32G TABLE III.

Jasione (Sheep Scabious), Class six. Syngenesia, Order \\. Mo-

nogynia
Jasnnnum (Jasmine), C/ow ii. Diandria, Order i. Monogynia
Jatropha (Cassava), Class xxi. Moncecia, Order ix. Monadelph.
Iberis (Candy Tuft, or Sciatic Cress), Class iv. Tetradynamia,
Order n. Siliculosa

Ignatia, Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogynia

Ilex (Holly), Class iv. Tetrandria, Order iii. Tetragynia
lllecebrum (Mountain Knot Grass), Class v. Pentandria, Order i,

Monogynia
Illicium, C/ass xiii. Polyandria, Order vii. Polygynia
Impatiens (Balsam, or Female Balsamine), Class xix. Syngene-
sia, Order vi. Monogamia
Imperatoria (Master-wort), CZ<m v. Pentandria, Order ii. Digynia
Indigofera (Indigo), Class xvii. Diadelphia, Order iv. Decandria
Inocarpus, Cfoss X. Decandria, Order i. Monogynia
Inula (Elacampane), Class xix. Syngenesia, Order ii. Polyg. super.
Ipomcea (Qiramoclit), Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogynia
Ire sine, C/ass xxii. Dioecia, Order v. Pentandria
Iris (Flower de Luce), Class iii. Triandria, Order i. Monogynia
Isatis (Woad), Class xv. Tetradynamia, Order i. Siliquosa

Ischaemum, C/ass xxiii. Polygamia, Order i. Moncecia

Isnardia, C/ass xiv. Tetrandria, 0«/er i. Monogynia
Isoetis, Class xxiv. Cryptogamia, Order i. Filices

Isopyrum, C/rm xiii. Polyandria, Order vii. Polygynia

Itea, Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogynia
Iva (Jesuits' Bark Tree), Class xx\. Moncecia, Orr/er v. Pentand.
Jiiglans (Wallnut), Class xxi. Moncecia, Order viii. Polyandria
Juncus (Rush), Class vi. Hexandria, Order i. Monogynia
Jungermannia, C/«ss xxiv. Cryptogamia, Order iii. Algre
Jungia, CVass xix. Syngenesia, Order v. Polyg. segreg.
Juniperus (Juniper), Class xxii. Dicecia, Order xii. Monadelph.
Jussieua, Class x. Decandria, Order i. Monogynia
Justicia (Malabar Nut), Class ii. Diandria, Order i. Monogynia
Ixia, C/ass iU. Triandria, Order i. Monogynia
Ixora, C7(m iv. Tetrandria, Order i. Monogynia
 TABLE 111. 327

K
Kalniia (Dwarf American Laurel), Class x. Decandria, Oriel i.

Monogynia
Ksempferia, Class i. Mouandria, Order i. Monogynia
Kiggelai ia, Class xxii. Dieecia, Order ix. Decandria
Kleinhovia, Class xx. Gynandria, Order vii. Decandria
Knautia, Class iv. Tetrandria, Order i. Monogynia
Knoxia, Class iv. Tetrandria, Order i. Monogynia
Kcenigia, Class iii. Triandria, Order iii. Trigynia
Krameria, Class iv. Tetrandria, Order i. Monogynia
Kuhnia, Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogynia
Kyllinga, C/ass iii. Triandria, Order i. Monogynia

L
Lachenalia, 'Class vi. Hexandria, Order Monogynia
i.

Lachna;a, C/ew* viii. Octandria, Order i. Monogynia

Lactuca (Lettuce), C/aw xix. Syngenesia, O/ Jer i. Polyg. ajqu.
Loetia, Class xiii. Polyandria, Order i. Monogynia
Lagerstrcemia, C/ass xiii. Polyandria, Order i. Monogynia
Lagcecia (Bastard Cumin), Classv. Pentandria, Order'i. Monogyn.
Lagurus (Hare's-tail Grass), Class iii. Triandria, Order ii. Digyn.
I.amium (Dead Nettle, or Archangel), Class xiv. Didynamia,
Order i. Gymnosperma
Lantana (American Viburnum), Class xiv. Didynamia, Order ii.

Angiosperma
Lapsana (Nipple-wort), Class xix. Syngenesia, Order i. Polyg.
asqualis

Laserpitium (Laser-wort), Class v. Pentandria, 0*<fer ii. Digyn.

Lathraea, Class xiv. Didynamia, Order ii. Angiosperma
f.athryrus (Chichling Vetch), Class xvii. Diadelphia, Order iv.

Decandria
Lavandula (Lavender), Class xiv. Didynamia, Olrtfer ii. Angiosp.
Lavatera/ Class xvi. Monadelphia, Order vii. Polyandria
Laugeria, CZass v. Pentandria, Monogynia
Order i.

Laurus (Bay), Class ix. Enneandria, Order i. Monogynia

Lawsonia, C/ass viii. Octandria, Order i. Monogynia

328 TABLE III.

Leea, Class xxi. Moncecia, Order v. Pentandria

Lechea, Class iii. Triandria, Order iii. Trigynia
Lecythis, Class xiii. Polyandria, Order i. Monogynia
Ledum (Marsh Cistus, or Wild Rosemary), Class x. Decandria>
Orrfer i. Monogynia
Lemna (Duck Meat), Class xxi. Monoecia, Order ii. Diandria
Leontice (Lion's Leaf), Class \i. Hexandria, Orrfer i. Monogynia
Leontodon (Dandelion), Class xix. Syngenesia, Order i. Polyg.
aequalis

Leonurus (Lion's Tail), Class xiv. Didynamia, Order i. Gymnosp.

Lepidium (Dittander, or Pepper-wort), Class xv. Tetradynamia,
Orcter ii. Siliculosa

Lerchea, Class xvi. Monadelphia, Order ii. Pentandria

Leucojum (Greater Snow-drop), Class vi. Hexandria, Order i.

Monogynia
Ley sera, C/ass xix. Syngenesia, Order ii. Polyg. super.
Lichen (Liver-wort), Class xxiv. Cryptogamia, Order iii. Algae
Licuala, Class vi. Hexandria, Orefer i. Monogynia
Ligusticum (Lovage), Class v. Pentandria, Order ii. Digynia
Ligustrum (Privet), C/ass ii. Diandria, Orrfer i.Monogynia
Lilium (Lily), Class vi. Hexandria, Order i. Monogynia
Limeum, Class vii. Heptandria, Orc/e?- ii. Digynia
Limodorum, Class xx. Gynandria, Orrferi. Diandria
Limonia, C/ass x. Decandria, Order i. Monogynia
Limosella (Least Water Plantain), CYassxiv. Didynamia, Order ii.

Angiosperma
Lindernia, Class xiv. Didynamia, Order ii. Angiosperma
Linconia, C/ass v. Pentandria, Order ii. Digynia
Lindera, Class vi. Hexandria, Orrfer i. Monogynia
Linnaea, Class xiv. Didynamia, Order ii. Angiosperma
Linum (Flax), Class v. Pentandria, Order v. Pentagynia

Liparia, Class xvii. Diadelphia, Order iv. Decandria

Lippia, Class xiv. Didynamia, Order ii. Angiosperma
lygynia
Liquidamher (Sweet Gum), Class xxi. Moncecia, Order viii.
Polyandria
Liriodendrum (Tulip Tree), Class xiii. Polyandria, Order vii. Po-
kisianthus, Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogynia
 TABLE III. ..",2<l

Lithospermum (Gromwell), Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogyn.

Littorella, C7<m xxi. Monoecia, Order iv. Tetrandria
Lobelia (Cardinal Flower), Class xix. Sy agenesia, Ort/er vi.

Monogarnia
Loeflingia, Class iii. Triandria, Order i. Monogynia
Loeselia, Class xrv. Didynamia, Orr/er ii. Angiosperma
Lolium (Darnel, or Rye-grass), Class iii. Triandria, Order ii.

Digynia
Lonchkis (Rough Spleen-wort), Class xxiv. Cryptogamia, Or-
der i. Filices

Lonicera (Honeysuckle), Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogyn;

Loosa, Class xiii. Polyandria, Order i. Monogynia
Loranthus, Class vi. Hexandria, Order i. Monogynia
Lotus (Bird's-foot Trefoil), C/ows xvii. Diadelphia, Order ir.

Decandria
Ludwigia, Class iv. Tetrandria, Order i. Monogynia
Lunaria (Moon-wort, Satin Flower, or Honesty), Class xv. Te-
tradynamia, Order ii. Siliculosa
Lupinus (Lupine), Class xvii. Diadelphia, Order iv. Decandria
Lychnis (Campion), Class xviii. Decandria, Order v. Pentagynia
Lycium (Box-thorn), Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogynia
Lycoperdon, C7ass xxiv. Cryptogamia, Order iv. Fungi
Lycopodiuin (Wolf's-claw Moss), C/crss xxiv. Cryptogamia, Or-
der ii. Musci
Lycopsis, C/crss v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogynia
Lycopus (Water Horehound), Class x. Decandria, Order i. Mo-
nogynia
Lygeum (Hooded Matweed), C/oss iii. Triandria, Order i. Mo-
nogynia
Lysimachia (Loosestrife), Classv. Pentandria, Order i. Monogyn.
Ly thrum (Willow Herb), Class xi. Dodecandria, Order i. Mo-
nogynia

M
Maba, Class xxii. Dioecia, Order iii. Triandria
Macrocnemum, Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogynia
Magnolia (Laurel-leaved Tulip-tree), Class jriSi, Polyandria, Or-
der vii. Polygynia
350 TABLE III.

Mahernia, Class v. Pentandria, Order v. Pentagyma

Malachra, Class xvi. Monadelphia, Order vii. Polyandria
Malope (Bastard Mallow), Class xvi. Monadelphia, Order xil
Polyandria
Malpighia (Barbadoes Cherry), Class x. Decandria, Order iii.

Trigynia
Malva (Mallow), Class xvi. Monadelphia, Order vii. Polyandria
Mammea (Mammee), Class xiii. Polyandria, Order i. Monogyn.
Manettia, Class iv. Tetrandria, Order i. Monogynia
Mangifera( Mango Tree), Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogyn.
Manisuris, Class xxiii. Polygamia, Order i. Moncecia
Manulea, Class xiv. Didynamia, Order ii. Angiosperma
Maranta (Indian Arrow Root), Classi. Monandria, Order i. Mo-
nogynia
Marcgravia, Class xiii. Potyandria, Order vii. Polygynia
Marchantia, Class xxiv. Cryptogamia, Order iii. Alga?
Margaritaria, C/ass xxii. Dioecia, Order viii. Enneandria
Marrubium (Horehound), Class xiv. Didynamia, Octer i. Gym-
nosperma
Marsilea, Class xxiv. Cryptogamia, Order i. Filices

Martynia, Class xiv. Didynamia, Order ii. Angiosperma

Massonia, C/ass vi. Hexandria, Order i. Monogynia
Matricaria (Feverfew), Class xix. Syngenesia, 0/-</cr ii. Polyg.
super.

Matthiola, Appendix
Mauri tia, Appendix
Medeola (Climbing African Asparagus), Class vi. Hexandria,
Order iii. Trigynia
Medicago (Snail and Moon Trefoil), Class xvii. Diadelphia, Or-
der iv. Decandria
Melaleuca, Class xviii. Polyadelphia, Orrfrr iii. Polyandria
Melampodium, Class xix. Syngenesia, Order iv. Polyg. necess.
Melampy>um (Cow-wheat), Class xiv. Didynamia, Order ii. An-
giosperma
Melanthium, Class vi. Hexandria, Order iii. Trigynia
Melastoma (American Gooseberry), Class x. Decandria, Order
i. Monogynia
 TABLE IIL 331

Media (Bead Tree), Class x. Decandria, Order i. Monogynia

Melianthus (Honey-flower), Class xiv. Didynamia, Order \\. Au-
giosperma
Melica, Class iii. Triandria, Order ii. Digynia
Melicocca, C/ass viii. Octandria, Ort/w i. Monogynia
Melissa (Baum), Class xiv. Didynamia, Order i. Gymnosperma
Melitt.is (Baum-leaved Archangel, or Bastard Baum), Class xiv.
Didynamia, Order i. Gymnosperma
Melochia, Class xvi. Monadelphia, Order ii. Pentandria
Melodinus, Class v. Pentandria, (Wo- ii. Digynia
Meloiheria (Small Creeping Cucumber), Class ix. Triandria, 0/-
<ier i. Monogynia
Memecylon, Class viii. Octandria, Order i. Monogynia
Menais, Cfoss v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogynia
Menispermum (Moon Seed), Class xxii. Dioecia, Order x. Do-
decandria
Mentha (Mint), Class xiv. Didynamia, Order Gymnosperma
i.

Mentzelia, CAm xiii. Polyandria, OrJer i. Monogynia

Menyanthes (Bog-bean, or Marsh Trefoil), Class v. Pentandria,
Order i. Monogynia
Mercurialis (Mercury), C/<w.s xxii. Dioecia, Order viii. Eimeand.
Mesembryanthemum (I-ig Marygold), C/tm xii. lcosandria, Or-
der iv. Pentagynia
Messerschmidia,. Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogynia
Mespilus (Medlar), Class xii. lcosandria, GWer iv. Pentagynia
Mesua (Indian Rose Chcsnut), Class xvi. Monadelphia, Order
viii. Polyandria
Michelin, Class xijL Polyandria, Ort/er vii. Polygynia
Micropus (Bastard Cudweed), Class xix. Syngenesia, Order iv.

Polvff. n> ccs.

Milium (Millet), Class iii. Triandria, O/v/er ii. Digynia

Milleria, Class xix. Syngenesia, Order iv. Polyg. neces.

Millingtonia, Class xiv, Didynamia, Order ii. Angiosperma

Mimosa (Sensitive Plant), C/trss xxiii. Polygamia, Order i. Mo-
nrecia

Mima 1 us (Monkey Flower), Class xiv. Didynamia, Order ii. An-

giosperma
332 TABLE III.

Mimusops, Class viii. Octandria, Order ii. Digynia

Minuartia, Class iii. Triandria, Order iii. Trigynia
Mirabilis (Marvel of Peru), Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Mo-
nogynia
Mitchella, Class iv. Tetrandria, Order i. Monogynia
Mitella (Bastard American Sanicle), Class x. Decandria, Order ii.

Digynia
Mniarum, Class i. Monandria, Order ii. Digynia
Mnium, Class xxiv. Cryptogamia, Order ii. Musci
Mcehringia (Mountain Chickweed), Class viii. Octandria, Or-
der ii. Digynia
Mollugo, Class iii. Triandria, Order iii. Trigynia
Moluccella (Molucca Baum), Class xiv. Didynamia, Order i.

Gymnosperma
Momorica (Male Balsam Apple), Class xxi. Moncecia, Order x.
Syngenesia
Monarda (Oswego Tea), C7«ss ii. Diandria, Order i. Monogynia
Monetia, Class iv. Tetrandria, Order i. Monogynia
Monnieria, Class xvii. Diadelphia, Order i. Pentandria
Monotropa, C/ass x. Decandria, Order i. Monogynia
Monsonia, Class xv iii. Polyadelphia, Order 0. Dodecandria
Montia (Blinks), C/ass iii. Triandria, Order iii. Trigynia
Montinia, C/ass xxi i. Dicecia, Order iv. Tetrandria
Morsea, C/ass iii. Monogynia
Triandria,, Order i.

Morula, Class ii. Diandria, Order Monogynia i.

Morinda, C7«ss v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogynia

Morisonia, Class xiii. Polyandria, Order i. Monogynia
Morus (Mulberry Tree), Class xxi. Moncecia, Order iv. Tetrand.
Mucor, C/css xxiv. Cryptogamia, Order iv. Fungi
Mullera, C/ass xvii. Diadelphia, Order iv. Decandria
Munchausia, Class xviii. Polyadelphia, Order 0. Polyandria
Muntingia, Class xiii. Polyandria, Order Monogynia
i.

Murraya, Class x. Decandria, Order i. Monogynia

Musa (Plantain Tree), Class xiii. Polyandria, Order i. Moncecia
Mussaenda, Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogynia
Mutisia, C/ass xix. Syngenesia, Order ii-. Polyg. super.
Myagrum (Gold of Pleasure), Class xv. Tetradynamia, Order ii.

Siliculosa
 TABLE m 3S3

Myginda, C/as* iv. Tetrandria, Orrfer iii. Tetragynia

Myosotis (Mouse-ear Scorpion Grass), Class v. Pentandria, Or-
der i. Monogynia
Myosurus (Mouse -tail), Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogyn.
Myrica (Candleberry Myrtle-gale, or Sweet Willow), Class xxii.
Dioecia, Order iv. Tetrandria
Myriophy^lum (Water Milfoil), Class xxi, Monoecia, Order vw.
Poly and ria
Myrosma, Class i. Monandria, Order i. Monogynia
Myrsine (African Box Tree), Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Mo-
nogynia
Myroxylon, Class x. Decandria, Order i. Monogynia
Myrtus (Myrtle), Class xii. Icosandria, Order i. Monogynia
Myristica, C/ass xiii. Poly and ria, Order i. Monogynia

N
Najas, Class xxii. Dioecia, Order i. Monandria
Naraa, C/ass v. Pentandria, Order ii. Digynia
Nandina, Class vi. Hexandria, Order i. Monogynia
Napaea, Class xxii;, Dioecia, Order xii. Monadelphia
Narcissus (Daffodil), Class vi. Hexandria, 0?der i. Monogynu
Nardus, Class iii. Triandria, Order i. Monogynia
Nauclea, C7<w v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogynia
Nepenthes, Class xx. Gynandria, Order iii. Tetrandria
Nepeta (Cat-mint, or Nep), Class xiv. Didynamia, Order t..

Gymnosperma
Nephelium, Class xxi. Monoecia, Order v. Pentandria
Nerium (Oleander, or Rose Bay), Class v. Pentandria, Order i.

Monogynia
Neurada, Class x. Decandria, Order v. Decagynia
Nicotiana (Tobacco), Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogynia
Nigella (Fennel Flower, or Devil in a Bush), Class xiii. P<>U -

andria, Order v. Pentagynia

Nigrina, Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogynia
Nipa, Class xxi. Monoecia, Order i. Monandria
Nissolia, C7ass xvii. Diadelphia, Order iv. Decandria
Nitraria. Class xi. Dodecandria, Order i. Monogynia
\

1
~\ •
534 TABLE III.

Nolana, Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogynia

Nyctanthes (Arabian Jasmine), Class ii. Diandria, Order i. Mo-
nogynia
iVymphrea (Water Lily), Class xiii. Polyandria, Order I Mono-
gynia
Nyssa (Tupelo Tree), Class xxiii. Polygamia, Order ii. Dioecia

O
Obolaria, Class xiv. Didynamia, Order ii. Angiosperma
Ochna, Class xiii. Polyandria, OrderMonogynia i.

Ocymum (Basil), Class xiv. Didynamia, Order i. Gymnosperma

(Edera, C/tmxix. Syngenesia, Order v. Polygamia segregata
(Enanthe (Water Drop-wort), Class v. Pentandria, Order ii. Di-
gynia
CEnothera (Tree Primrose), C/ass viii. Octandria, Order i. Mo-
nogynia
Olax, Class iii. Triandria, Order Monogynia
i.

Oldenlandia, C«W iy. Tetrandria, Order i. Monogynia

Olea (Olive), Class ii. Diandria, Order i. Monogynia
Oly" ra, Class xxi. Moncecia, Order iii. Triandria
Omphalea, Class xxi. Moncecia, Order iii. Triandria
Onoclea (Sensible Polypody), Class xxiv. Cryptpgamia, Order i

Filices

On6nis (Rtest Harrow), Class xvii. Diadelphia, Orrfer iv. De-

candria
Onopordum (Woolly Thistle), C/ass xix. Syngenesia, Order i

Polyg. aequal.
Onosma, Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogynia
Ophioglossum (Adder's Tongue), Class xxii. Cryptogamia, Or
der i. Filices

Ophiorrhiza (Serpent's Tongue), Class v. Pentandria, Order i

Monogynia
Ophioxylon, Class xxiii. Polygamia, Order i. Monoecia
Ophira, Class viii. Octandria, Order i. Monogynia
Ophrys (Twy blade), Class xx. Gynandria, Order i. Diandric
Orchis, C/tm xx. Gynandria, Order i. Diandria
 TABLE III. 33*

Origanum (Wild Marjorum), Class xiv. Didynamia, Order vii.

Gymnosperma
Orixa, Class xv. Tetrandria, Order i. Monogynia
Ornithogalum (Star of Bethlehem), Class vi. Hexandria, Order i.

Monogynia
Omithopus (Bird's Foot), Class xvii. Diadelphia, Order ir. De-
candria
Orobanche (Broom Rape), Class xiv. Didynamia, Order ii. Angi-
osperma
Orobus (Bitter Vetch), Class xvii. Diadelphia, Order iv. Decandr.
Orontium (Floating Arum), Order vi. Hexandria, Orc/er i. Mo-
nogynia
Ortegia, Class iii. Triandria, Order i. Monogynia
Orfza (Rice), Class vi. Hexandria, Order ii. Digynia
Osbeckia, C/ass viii. Octandria, Order i. Monogynia
Osmites, Class xix. Syngenesia, Order iii. Polyg. frustr.

Osmiinda (Osmund Royal, or Flowering Fern), Class xxir.

Cryptogamia, Order i. Filices

Osteospermum (Hard-seeded Chrysanthemum), Class xix. Syn-

genesia, Order iv. Polygamia necessaria

Osfris (Poet's Cassia), Class xxii. Dicecia, Order iii. Triandr in

Othera, Class iv. Tetrandria, Order i. Monogynia
Orthonna (African Ragwort), Class xix. Syngenesia, Order iv.

Polygamia necessaria
Ovieda, Class xiv. Didynamia, Order ii. Angiosperma
Oxalis (Wood Sorrel), Class x. Decandria, Order iv. Pentagyni*

Paederota, Class ii. Diandria, Order i. Monogynia

Paederia, Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogynia
Paeonia (Paeony), CUiss xiii. Polyandria, Order ii. Digynia
Pallasia, Class xi. Dodecandria, O/ der iii. Trigynia
Panax (Ginseng), Class xxiii. Polygamia, Order ii. Dian-ia.

Pancratium (Sea Daffodil), Class Hf xandria, Order i. Mono-

gynia
Pandanus, C/«« xxii. Dicecia, Order i. Monandrin
33* table nr.

Panicuni (Panic Grass), Class iii. Triandria, Order li. Digynia

Papaver (Poppy), Class xiii. Polyandria, Order i. Monogynia
Parietaria (Pellitory), Class xxiii. Polygamia, Order i. Monoecia
Paris (Herb True-love, or One-berry), Class viii. Octandria,
Order iv. Tetragynia
Parkinsonia, Class x. Decandria, Order i. Monogynia
Parnassia (Glass of Parnassus), Class v. Pentandria, Order iv.

Tetragynia
Parthenium (Bastard Feverfew), Class xxi. Monoecia, Order v.

Pentandria
Paspalum, Class iii. Triandria, Order ii. Digynia
Passerina (Sparrow-wort), Class viii. Octandria, Order i. Mo-
nogynia
Passiflora (Passion Flower), Class xx. Gynandria, Order iv. Pen-
tandria
Pastinaca (Parsnip), Class v. Pentandria, Order ii. Digynia
Patagonula, Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogynia
Pavetta, Class iv. Tetrandria, Orckr i. Monogynia
Pauh'nia, Class viii. Octandria, Order ii. Trigynia
Pectis, C/ass xix. Syngenesia, Order ii. Polyg. super.
Pedalium, Class xiv. Didynamia, Order ii. Angiosperma
Pedicularis (RattleCoxcomb, or Louse- wort), Class xiv. Didy-
namia, Order ii. Angiosperma
Peganum (Wild Syrian Rue), Class xi. Dode candria, Order i. Mo-
nogynia
Pelt&ria, Class xv. Tetrad ynauria, Order ii. Siliculosa

Pena?a, Class iv. Tetrandria, Order i. Monogynia

Pentapedes, C/assxvi. Monadelphia, Order vi. Dodecandria
Penthorum, Ctos x. Decandria, Order iv. Pentagynia
Peplis (Water Purslane), Class vi. Hexandria, Order i. Monogy*k
Perdlcium, Class xix. Syngenesia, Order ii. Polyg. super.
Perilla, Class xiv. Didynamia, Order i. Gymnosperma
Periploca (Virginian Silk), Class v. Pentandria, Order ii. Digynia
Pergularia, Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogynia
Petesia, Class iv. Tetrandia, Order i. Monogynia
Petiveria (Guinea-hen Weed), Class vi. Hexandria, Order iv.

Tetragynia
 TABLE III. 337

Petrea, Class xiv. Didynamia, Order ii. Angiosperma

Peucedanum (Hog's Fennel, or Sulphur-wort), Class v. Pentan-
dria, Order ii. Digynia
Peziza (Cup Mushroom), Class xxiv: Cryptogamia, Order iv.

Fungi
Phaca (Bastard Milk Vetch), Class xvii. Diadelphia, Order iv,
Decandria
Phalaris (Canary Grass), Class iii. Triandria, Or da- iii. Trigynia
Phallus (Stink-horns), Class xxiv. Cryptogamia, Order iv. Fungi
Pharnaceum, Class v. Pentandria, Order iii. Trigynia
Pharus, Class xxi. Moncecia, Order vi. Hexandria
Phascum, Q«ss xxiv. Cryptogamia, Order ii. Musci
Phaseolus (Kidney Bean), Class xvii. Diadelphia, Order iv. De-
candria
Phellandrium, Class v. Pentandria, Order ii. Digynia
Philadelphus (Mock Orange), Class xii. Icosandria, Order i. Mo-
nogynia
Phillyrea (Mock Privet), C7«ss ii. Diandria, Order i. Monogyn.
Phleum (Cat's-tail Grass), Class iii. Triandria, Order ii. Digynia
Phlomis (Jerusalem Sage), Class xiv. Didynamia, Order i. Gym-
nosperma
Phlox (Lychnidea, or Bastard Lychnis), Class v Pentandria, Or-
der i. Monogynia
Phoenix (Common Palm, or Date Palmac Tree)
Phormium, Class vi. Hexandria, Order i. Monogynia
Phry-ma, Class xiv. Didynamia, Order i. Gymnosperma
PhyUica (Bastard Alatemus), Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Mono
gynia
Philianthus (Sea-side Laurel), Class xxi. Moncccia, Order iii.

Triandria
Phyllachne, Class xxi. Moncccia, Order i. Monandria
Phyllis (Bastard Hare's-ear), Class v. Pentandria, Order ii. Digyn.
Phy^alis (Alkekengi, or Winter Cherry), Class v. Pentandria, Or-
der i. Monogynia
Phyteuma (Rampions), Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogynia
Phytolacca (American Nightshade). Class x. Decandria, Order v.

Decagynia
Z
338 TABLE III.

Picris, Cass xix. Syngenesia, Order i. Polyg. sequa.

Pilularia (Pepper Grass), Class xxiv. Cryptogamia, Order i.

Filices

Pimpinella (Burnet Saxifrage), Class v. Pentandria, Order ii. Di-

gynia
Pingiiicula (Butter-wort), Class ii. Diandria, Order i. Monogyn.
Pi'nus (Pine Tree), Class xxi. Monoecia, Order ix. Monadelphia
Piper (Pepper), C/rm ii. Diandria, Orc/er iii. Trigynia
Piscidia, C'/<m xvii. Diadelphia, Order iv. Decandria
Pistacia (Pistacia Nut), C'A/.va- Dieecia, Order v. Pcntandiia
Pisonia (Fingtigo), Class xxiii. Poly gam ia, Order ii. Dioecia
Pistia, Class xx. Gynandria, Order v. Hexandria
Pisum (Pea), C/ass xvii. Diadelphia, 0/c/e/- iv. Decandria
Plantago (Plantain), Class iv. Tetrandria, Order i. Monogynia
Platanus (Plane Tree), Class xxi. Moncecia, Order viii. Polyandria
Plectronia, Classy. Pentandria, Order i. IMonogynia
Plinia, C/ass xiii. Polyandria, Orc/er i. Monogynia
Plukenetia, Class xxi. Moncecia, Order ix. Monadelphia
Plumbago (Lead-wort), Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogynia
Plumeria (Red Jasmine), C/ass v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogyn.
Poa, Class iii. Triandria, Order ii. Digynia
Podophyllum (Duck's-Foot, or May Apple), Class xiii. Polyan-
dria, Order i. Monogynia
Poinciana (Barbadoes Flower Fence), Class x. Decandria, Or-
der i. Monogynia
Oh/

Polemunium (Greek Valerian), Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Mo-

nogynia
Polyanthes (Tuberose), Class vi. Hexandria, Order i. Monogynia
Pollia, C/a&s vi. Hexandria, Order i. Monogynia
Polycarpon, C/asff iii. Triandria, Order iii. Trigynia
Polycnemum, Class iii. Triandria, Order i. Monogynia
Polygala (Milk-wort), C/om xvii. Diadelphia, Order iii. Octandria
Polygonum (Knot-grass), Class viii. Octandria, Order iii. Trigynia
Polymnia, Class xix. Syngenesia, Order 0. Polyg. neces.
Polypodium (Polypody), Class xx\v. Cryptogamia, Orderu Filices
Polyprcnnum (Carolina Flax), Class iy, Tetrandria, Order i. Mo-
nogynia
 TABLE III. 339

Polytnchum (Golden Maiden Hair), Cryptogamia, Class xxiv.

Order ii. Musci
Pommereulla, Class iii. Triandria, Order Monogynia
i.

Pontederia, Class vi. Hexandria, Order i. Monogynia »

Populus (Poplar), C/ass xxii. Dicecia, C/cm vii. Octandria

Poiana, Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogynia
Porella, CZo« xxiv. Cryptogamia, Order ii. Musci
Portlandia, Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogynia
Portulaca (Purslane), Class xi. Dodecandria, Order i. Monogyn.
Potamogeton (Pond-weed), Class iv. Tetrandria, Order iii. Te-
tragynia
Potentilla (Cinquefoil), Class xii. Icosandria, Order v. Polygynia
Poterium (Burnet), Class xxi. Monoecia, Order viii. Polyandria
Pothos, Class xx. Gynandria, Order ix. Polyandria
Prasium (Shrubby Hedge-Nettle), Class xiv. Didynamia, Order i.

Gyinnosperma
Prenanthes (Wild Lettuce), CZ&ss xix. Syngenesia, Order i. Po-
lyg. £equa.

Premna, C/ass xiv. Didynamia, Order ii. Angiosperma

Primula (Primrose), Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogynia
Prinos (Winter Berry), C/wssvi. Hexandria, Order i. Monogyn.
Prockia, CZaw xviii. Polyandria, Orcter i. Monogynia
Proserpinaca, Class iii. Triandria, Order iii. Trigynia
Prosopis, C/tws x. Decandria, Order i. Monogynia
Protea (Silver Tree), Class iv: Tetrandria, Order i. Monogynia
Prunella (Self-heal), Class xiv. Didynamia, Order I Gymnosper:
Priinus (Plum-tree), Class xii. Icosandria, Order i. Monogynia
Psidium (Guayava, or Bay Plum), Class xii. Icosandria, Order i.

Monogynia
Psoralea, Class xvii. Diadelphia, Order ii. Decandria
Psychotria, Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogynia
Ptelea (Shrub Trefoil), Class iv. Tetrandria, Or&r i. Monogynia
Pteris (Brakes, or Female Fern), Class xxiv. Cryptogamia, Or-
der i. Filices

Pterocarpus, Class xvii. Diadelphia, Order iv. Decandria

Pteronia, Order xix. Syngenesia, Order i. Pblyg. a?qua.

Pulmonaria (Lung-wort), Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogyn,

Z 2
340 TABLE III.

Puniea (Pomegranate), Class xii. Icosandria, Order i.Monogyn.

P^rola (Winter Green), Class x. Decandria, Order i. Monogynia
Py>us (Pear), Class xii. Icosandria, Order i. Pentagynia

Q
Quassia, Class x. Decandria, Order i. Monogynia
Quercus (Oak), Class xxi. Monoecia, Order viii. Polyandria
Queria, Class iv. Tetrandria, Order iii. Trigynia
Quisqualis, Class x. Decandria, Order i. Monogynia

R
Rajania, Class xxii. Dioecia, Order vi. Hexandria
Randia, Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogynia
Ranunculus (Crowfoot), Class xiii. Polyandria, Otder vii. Poly-
gynia
Raphanus (Radish), Class xv. Tetradynamia, Order i. Siliquosa
Rauvolfia, Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogynia
Reaumuria, Class xiii. Polyandria, Order v. Pentagynia
Renealmia, Class i. Monandria, Order i. Monogynia
Reseda (Bastard Rocket), Class xi. Dodecandria, Order iii. Tri-
gynia
R6stio, Class xxii. Dioecia, Order iii. Triandria
Retzia, Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogynia
Rhacoma, Class iv. Tetrandria, Order i. Monogynia
Rhamnus (Buckthorn), Class v. Pentandria^ Ort?er i. Monogyn.
Rheedia, Class xiii. Polyandria, Order i. Monogynia
Rheum (Rhubarb), Class ix. Enneandria, Order ii. Trigynia
Rhexia, Class viii. Octandria, Order i. Monogynia
Rhinanthus (Elephant's Head), Class xiv. Didynamia, Orrfe;- ii.

Angiosperma
Rhizophora (Candle of the Indians), Class xi. Dodecandria, Or-
der i. Monogynia
Rhodiola (Rose Root), Class xxii. Dioecia, Order vii. Octandria
Rhododendron (Dwarf Rose- bay), Class x. Decandria, Order i.

Monogynia
Rhus (Sumach), Class x. Pentandria, Order iii. Trigynia
 TABLE III. 341

Ribes (Currant Tree), Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogynia

Riccia (Marsh Liver-wort), Class xxiv. Cryptogamia, Order iii
Algae
Richardia, Class vi. Hexandria, Or^er i. Monogynia
Ricinus (Palma Christi), Class xxi. Moncecia, Order ix. Mona-
delphia
Ricotia, Class xv. Tetradynamia, Order i. Siliquosa

Rivina, C/a.ss iv. Tetrandria, Order i. Monogynia

Robhiia (False Acacia), Class xvii. Diadelphia, Order iv. De-
candria
Roella, Class v. Pentandria, Or</er i. Monogynia
Rondeletia, Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogynia
Roridula, Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogynia
Rosa (Rose), C/a$s xii. Icosandria, Order v. Polygynia
Rosmarinus (Rosemary), C/ass ii. Diandria, Order i. Monogynia
Rotala, Class iii. Triandria, Order i. Monogynia
Rottboella, Class iii. Triandria, Order ii. Digynia
Royena (African Bladder Nut), Class x. Decandria, Order ii.

Digynia
Rubia (Madder), Class ir. Tetrandria, Order i. Monogynia
Rubus (Raspberry), Class x'n. Icosandria, Order vi. Polygynia
Rudbeckia (Dwarf Sunflower), Class xix. Syngenesia, Order iii.

Polyg. Irustr.
Rucllia, Class xiv. Didynamia, Order ii. Angiosperma
Rumex (Dock), C7«.m vi. Hexandria, Order iii. Trigynia
Rumphia, Class iii. Triandria, Order i. Monogynia
Ruppia, Class iv. Tetrandria, Order iii. Tetragynia
Ruscus (Knee Holly, or Butchers' Broom), Class xxii. Dioecia,

Order xiii. Syngenesia

Russelia, Class v. Pentandria, Order ii. Digynia
Ruta (Rue), Class x. Decandria, Order i. Monogynia

Saccharum (Sugar Cane), Class iii. Triandria, Order iii. Digynia

Sagina (Pearl-wort), Class iv. Tetrandria, Order iii. Tetragynia
Sagittaria (Arrow-head), Class xxi. Monoecia, Order viii. Poly-
andria
Salacia, Class xx. Gynandria, Order iii. Triandria
342 "
TABLE III.

Salicornia (Jointed Glass-wort), Class i. Monandria, Order i.

Monogynia
Salix (Willow), Class xxii. Dioecia, Order ii. Diandria
Salsola (Glass-wort), Class v. Pentandria, Order ii. Digynia
Salva'iora, Class iv. Tetrandria, Order m. Tetragynia
Salvia (Sage), Class ii. Diandria, Order i. Monogynia
Samara, Class iv. Tetrandria, Order i. Monogynia
Sambucus (Elder), Classy. Pentandria, Order in. Trigynia

Samolus (Round-leaved Water Pimpernel), Class v. Pentandria,

Order i. Monogynia
Samfda, Class x Decandria, Order i. Monogynia
Sanguinaria (Puccoon), Class xiii. Polyandria, Order i. Mono-
gynia
Sanguisorba (Greater Wild Burnet), Class iv. Tetrandria, Order i.

Monogynia
Sanicula (Sanicle), Class v. Pentandria, Order ii. Digynia
Santalum (Saunders), Class iv. Tetrandria, Order i. Monogynia
Santolina (Lavender Cotton), Class xix. Syngenesia, Order i.

Polyg. eequa.
Sapindus (Soap-berry), Class vm. Octandria, Order iii. Trigynia
Saponaria (Soap-wort), Class x. Decandria, Order ii. Digynia
Saraca, Class xvii. Diadelphia, Order ii. Hexandria
Sarracenia (Side-saddle Flower), Class xiii. Polyandria, Order i.

Monogynia
Sarothra (Bastard Gentian), Class v. Pentandria, O/c/eriii. Trigyn.
Satureja (Savory), Class xiv. Didynamia, Ort/er i. Gj'mnosperma
Saururus (Lizard's Tail) Class viij Heptandria, Order iii. Trigynia
Satyrium (Lizard Flower), Class xx. Gynandria, Or der ii. Diandr.
Sauvagesia, Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogynia
Saxifraga (Saxifrage), Class x. Decandria, Order ii. Digynia
Scabiosa (Scabious), Class iv. Tetrandria, Order i. Monogynia
Scabrita, Class iv. Tetrandria, Order i. Monogynia
Scandix (Shepherd's Needle, or Venus's Comb), Class y. Pentan-
dria, Order ii. Digynia

Scaevola, Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogynia

Scheuchzeria (Lesser Flowering Rush), Class vi. Hexandria, Or-
der iii. Trigynia
 TABLE III. 343

Schefheldia, Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogynia

Schinus (Indian Mastick), Class xxii. Dicecia, Order ix. Decandr.
Schmedelia, Class viii. Octandria, Order ii. Digynia
Schcenus (Bastard Cypress), Class iii. Triandria, Order i. Mo-
nogynia
Schrebera, Class v. Pentandria, Order ii. Digynia
Schvvalbea, Class xiv. Didynamia, Order ii. Angiosperma
Schwenkia, Class ii. Diandria, Order i. Monogynia
Scilla (Squill), Class vi. Hexandria, Order i. Monogynia
Scirpus (Rush Grass), Class iii. Triandria, Order i. Monogynia
Scleninthus (German Knot-grass, orKnawel), Classx. Decandria,
Order ii. Digynia
Scolymus (Golden Thistle), Class xix. Syngenesia, Order i. Po-
ly g. aequa.
Scopdria, Class iv. Tetrandria, Order i. Monogynia
Scopolia, Class xx. Gynandria, Order vi. Octandria
Scorpiurus (Caterpillars), Class xvii. Diadtlphia, Order iv. De-
candria
Scorzonera (Viper Grass), Class xix. Syngenesia, Order i. Po-
lyg. sequa.

Scrophularia (Fig-wort), Class xiv. Didynamia, Order ii. An-

giosperma
Scutellaria (Skull-cap), Class xiv. Didynamia, Order i. Gym-
nospernm
Seciile (Rye), Class iii. Triandria, Order ii. Digynia
Securidaca, C/«.v* xvii. Diadelpliia, Order iii. Octandria
Sedum (Lesser Houseleek), Class x. Decandria, Order iv. Penta
gynia
Seguieria, Cfoss xiii. Polyandria, Ort/er i. Monogynia
Selago, Class xiv. Didynamia, (M/er iii. Angiosperma
Selinum (Milk Parsley), Clans v. Pentandria, Order ii. Digynia
Semecarpus, Class v. Pentandria, Order ii. Trigynia
Sempervivum (Houseleek), Class xi. Dodecandria, Order v. Do
decagy.
Seneeip (Groundsel), Class xix. Syngenesia, Order ii. Polyp
super.

Scptas, Class vi. Heptandria, Order iv. Ileptagynia

344 TABLE III.

Serapias (Helleborine), Class xx. Gynandria, Order ii. Diandria

Serbia, Class xix. Syngenesia, Order i. Polyg. aequa.
Seriphium, Class xix. Syngenesia, Orrfer i. Monogamia
Serpicula, Cla s xxi. Monoecia, Order iv. Tetrandria
Serratula (Saw-wort), Class xix. Syngenesia, Order i. Polyg.
aequa.

Sesamum (Oily Purging Grain), Class xiv. Didynamia, Order ii.

Angiosperma
Seseli (Hartwort of Marseilles), Class v. Pentandria, Order ii.

Digynia
Sesuvium, Class xii. Icosandria, Order iii. Trigynia
Sheffieldia

Sherardia (Little Field Madder), Class iv. Tetrandia, Order i.

Monogynia
Sibbaldia, Class v. Pentandria, Order v. Pentagynia
Sibthorpia, C/as.v xiv. Didynamia, Order ii. Angiosperma
Sicyos (Single-seeded Cucumber), Class xxi. Monoecia, Order x.
Syngenesia
Sida (Indian Mallow), Class xvi. Monadelphia, Order vii. Poly-
andria
Sideritis (Iron-wort), Class xiv. Didynamia, Order i. Gymnosp.
Sideroxylon (Iron-wood), Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogyn.
Sigesbeckia, Class xix. Syngenesia, Order i. Polyg. super.
Silene (Viscous Campion), Class x. Decandria, Order iii. Trigyn.
Silphium (Bastard Chrysanthemum), Class xix. Syngenesia, Or-
der iv. Polyg. necess.
Sinapis (Mustard), Class xv. Tetradynamia, Order i. Siliquosa
Siphonanthus, Class iv. Tetrandria, Order Monogynia
i.

Si'rium, Class iv. Tetrandria, Order i. Monogynia

Sison (Bastard Stone Parsley), Class v. Pentandria, Order ii. Di-
gynia
Sisymbrium (Water Cresses), Class xv. Tetradynamia, Order L
Siliquosa

Sisyrinchium (Bermudiana), Class xx. Gynandria, Order ii. Tri-

gynia
Sium (Water Parsnep), Class v. Pentandria, Order ii. Digynia
Skimmia, C/ass iv. Tetrandria, Order i. Monogynin
 TABLE III. 3*5

Sloanea (Apeiba of Brasilians), Class xiii. Polyandria, Order i.

Monogynia
Smilax (Rough Bindweed), Class xxii. Dioecia, Order vi. Hex-
andria
SmyVnium (Alexanders), Class v. Pentandria, Order ii. Digynia
Solandra, Class xxiii. Polygamia, Order i. Moncecia
Solanum (Nightshade), Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogynia
Soldanella (Soldanel), Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogynia
Solidago (Golden Rod), Class xix. Syngenesia, Order ii. Polyg.
super.
Sonchus (Sow Thistle), Class xix. Syngenesia, Order i. Polyg.
aequa.

Sonneratia, Class xii. Icosandria, Order i. Monogynia

Sophora, Class x. Decandria, Order i. Monogynia
Sorbus (Service Tree), C/ass xii. Icosandria, Order iii. Ti igynia
Sparganium (Burr Reed), Class xxi. Moncecia, Order iii. Triandr.
Sparrmania, Class xiii. Polyandria, Order i, Monogynia
Spartium (Broom), CZass xiv. Diadelphia, Oefe/- iv. Decandria
Spathelia, Class v. Pentandria, Order iii. Trigynia
Spergula (Spurrey), Class x. Decandria, Order iv. Pentagynia
Spermacoce (Button Weed), Class iv. Tetrandria, Order i. Mo-
nogynia
Spaeranthus (Globe Flower), Class xix. Syngenesia, Order v. Po-
lyg. segreg.
Sphagnum (Bog-moss), Class xxiv. Cryptogamia, Order ii. Musci
Spigelia (Worm-grass), Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogynia
Spihinthus, Class xix. Syngenesia, Order i. Polyg. rcqua.
Spinacia (Spinach), C/ass xxii. Dioecia, Order v. Pentandria
Spinifex, CZass xxiii. Polygamia, Order i. Moncecia
Spiraea (Spiraea Frutex), Class xii. Icosandria, Ordei' W. Pentagyn.

Splachnum, Class xxiv. Cryptogamia, Order ii. Musci

Spondias (Brasilian Plum), Class x. Decandria, Order iv. Pen-
tagynia
Stachys (Base Horehound), Class xiv. Didynamia, Order i. Gjr m-
nosperma
Staehelina, Class xix. Syngenesia, Orcfcr i. Polyg. aequa,

Stapelia, Class v. Pentandria, Orcforii. Digynia

34(5 TABLE III.

Staphylea (Bladder Nut), Class v. Pentandria, Order iii. Trigynia

Statice (Thrift, or Sea Pink), Class v. Pentandria, Order v. Pen-
tagynia
Stellaria (Great duckweed), Class x. Decandria, Order in. Trigin.
Stellera (German Groundsel), Class viii. Octandria, Order i. Mo-
nogynia.
Stemodia, Class xiv. Didynamia, Order ii. Angiosperma
Sterculia, Class xxi. Monoecia, Order ix. Monadelphia
Steris, Class v. Pentandria, Order ii. Digynia
Stewartia, Class xvi. Monadelphia, Order ym. Polyandria
Stipa (Feather-grass), Class iii. Triandria, Order ii. Digynia
Stilago, Class xx. Gynandria, Order ii. Triandria
Stilbe, C/«5s xxiii. Polygamia, Order ii. Dirrcia
StilHngia, Class xxi. Monoecia, Order ix. Monadelphia
Stoebe (Bastard Ethiopian Elichrysuin), Class xix. Syngenesia^
Orrfer v. Polyg. segreg.

Stratiotes (Water Soldier), Class xiii. Polyandria, Order vi. Hexa-

gynia
Struthiola, Class iv. Tetrandria, Monogvnia Order i.

Strumpfia, Class xix. Syngenesia, Orrfer vi. Monogynia

Strychnos, Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogynia

Styrax (Storax Tree), Class xi. Dodecandria, Order i. Monogyn.

Subularia (Rough-leaved Alysson), Classxx. Tetradynamia, Or-
der ii. Siliculosa

Suriana, Class x. Decandria, Order iv. Pentagynia

Swertia (Marsh Gentian), Class v. Pentandria, Order ii. Digyn.
Symphonia, Class xvi. Monadelphia, Order ii. Pentandria ;

Symphytum (Comphrey), Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Mono-

gynia
Symplocas, Class xviii. Polyadelphia, Order iii. Polyandria
Syringa (Lilac), Class ii. Diandria, Order i. Monogynia
Swietenia (Mahogany Tree), Class x. Decandria, Order i. Mo-
nogynia

T
Tabernaemontana, Class x. Decandria, Order i. Monogynia
Tacca, Class xi. Dodecandria, Order iii. Trigynia
Tagetes (African Marygold), Class xix. Syngenesia, Order ii

Polyg. super.
 TABLE III. 347

Tamarindus (Tamarind Tree), Class iii. Triandria, Order i. Mo-

nogynia
Tamarix (Tamarisk), Class v. Pentandria, Order iii. Trigynia
Tamus (Black Rryony), Cass xxii. Dioecia, Order vi. Hexandria
Tanacetum (Tansey), C/ass xix. Syngenesia, Or</er ii. Polyg.
super.
Tarchonanthus (Shrubby African Fleabane), Class xix. Synge-
nesia, Order i. Polyg. a?qua.
Targionia, Class xxiV. Crvptogamia, Order iii. Alga?
Taxus (Yew Tree), C/«ss xxii. Dicecia, Order xa. Monadelphia
Tectona, Class v. Pentandria. Order i. Monogynia
Telephium (True Orpine), Class v. Pentandria, Order iii. Tri-
gynia
Terminalia, Class xxiii. Polygatnia, Order i. Monoecia
Ternstromia, C/ass xiii. Polyandria, Order i. Monogynia
Tetracera, Class xiii. Polyandria, Order iii. Trigynia
Tetragonia, C'/a&s xii. Icosandria, Order iv. Pentagynia
Teucrium (Germander), Class xiv. Did vnarnia, Order i. Gym-
nosperma
Thalia, Class i. Monandria, Order i. Monogynia
Thalictrum (Meadow Rue), C/rtss xiii. Polyandria, Orcfcr vii.
Polygynia
Thapsia (Deadly Carrot, or Scorching Fennel), Class v. Pentand-

ria, Order ii. Digynia.

Thea (Tea Tree), Class x\n. Polyandria, Order i. Monogynia
Theligonum (Dog's Cabbage), Class xxi. Monoecia, Order viii.

Polyandria
Theobroma (Chocolate Nut), Class xvii. Polyadelphia, Order I.

Pentandria
Theophrasta, Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogynia
Thesium (Bastard Toad Flax), Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Mo-
nogy nia
Thlaspi (Mithridate Mustard, or Treacle Mustard), Class xv.

Tetradynamia,' Order ii. Siliculosa

Thouinia, Class ii. Diandria, Order Monogynia i.

Thyrallis, Class x. Decandria, Order i. Monogynia

Thuja (Arbor Vitae), Class xxi. Monoecia, Order ix. Monadelptu
Thunbergia, C/aw xiv. Didynamia, Order ii. Acgiospenna
318 TABLE III.

Thy mbra (Mountain Hyssop), Class xiv. Didynamia, Order i.

Gymnosperma
Thyrrfus (Thyme), Class xiv. Didynamia, Order i. Gymnosperma
Tiarella, Class x. Decandria, Order ii. Digynia
Tilia (Lime Tree), Class xin. Polyandria, Order I Monogynia.
Tilljea (Small Annual Houseleek), Class xiv. Tetrandria, Order i.

Monogynia
Tillandsia, Class vi. Hexandria, Order i. Monogynia
Tinus, Class ix. Enneandria, Order i. Monogynia
Toluifera (Balsam of Tolu Tree), Class x. Decandria, Order i.

Monogynia
Tomex, Class iv. Tetrandria, Order i. Monogynia
Tordylium (Hartwort of Crete), Class v. Pentandria, Order ii.

Digynia
Torenia, Class xiv. Didynamia, Order ii. Angiosperma
Tormentilla (Tormentil), Class xii. Icosandria, Order v. Poly-
gynia
Tournefortia, Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogynia
Tozzia, Class xiv. Didynamia, Order ii. Angiosperma
Trachelium (Umbelliferous Throat-wort), Class v. Pentandria,
Order i. Monogynia
Tradescantia (Virginian Spider-wort), Class vi. Hexandria, Or-
der i. Monogynia
Tragia, Class xxi. Monoecia, 0/:c?er iii. Triandria
Tragopogon (Goat's Beard), Class xix. Syngenesia, Order i. Po-
lyg. aequa.
Trapa (Water Caltrops), Class iv. Tetrandria, Order i. Monogyn.
Tremella, Class xxiv. Cryptogamia, Order iii. Algae
Trewia, C/ass xiii. Polyandria, Order i. Monogynia
Trianthema (Horse Purslane), Class x. Decandr.A, Order i. Mo-
nogynia
Tribulus (Caltrops), Class x. Decandria, Order Monogynia
i.

Trichilia, Ciass x. Decandria, Order i. Monogynia

Trie horn an es, Class xxiv. Cryptogamia, Order \. Filices
Trichosanthes (Serpent Cucumber), Class xxi. Monoecia, Order x.
Syngenesia
Trichostema, C/ass xiv. Didynamia, Order i. Gymnosperma
 TABLE III. U9
Trfdax (Trailing Starwort of Vera Cruz), Class xix. Syngenesia,
Order ii. Polyg. super.
Trientalis (Winter-green, with Chickweed Flowers), Class vii.
Heptandria, Order i. Monogynia
Trifolium (Trefoil), Class xvii. Diadelphia, Order iv. Decandria
Triglochin (Arrow-headed Grass), Class vi. Hexaudria, Order iii.

Trigynia
Trigonella (Fenugreek), Class xvii. Diadelphia, CWer iv. De-
candria
Trillium (Herb Truelove of Canada), Class vi. Hexaudria, Or-
der iii. Trigynia
Trilix, Class xiii. Polyandria, Or(/tr i. Monogynia
Triopteris, Class x. Decandria, Order iii. Trigynia
Triosteum (Fever-root, or False Ipecacuana), Class v. Pentandria,
Order i. Monogynia
Triplaris, Class iii. Triandria, Order iii. Trigynia
Tripsacum, Class xxi. Moncecia, CWer iii. Triandria
Triticum (Wheat), C/am iii. Triandria, Order iii. Digynia
Triumfetta, Class xi. Dodecandria, Onfer i. Monogynia
Trollius (Globe Ranunculus), Class xiii. Polyandria, Order vii. Po-
lygyria
Tropaeolum (Indian Cress), Class viii. Octandria, Order i. Mo-
nogynia
Trophis, Class xxii. Dioecia, Onfer iv. Tetrandria
Tulbagia, Class vi. Hexandria, i. Monogynia
Tiilipa (Tulip), C/ass vi. Hexandria, Order i. Monogynia
Turnera, Class v. Pentandria, Orv/er iii. Trigynia
Turraea, Class x. Decandria, Orcter i. Monogynia
Turritis (Tower Mustard), Class xv. Tetradynamia, Order i. Si-

liquosa

Tussilago (Colt's Foot), Gfass xix. Syngenesia, 0«/<t ii. Potyg.

super.
Typha (CatVtail, or Reedmace), Class xxi. Monoecia, 0/^criii
Tiiandria

V
Vaccinium (Whortle Berry), Class-viii. Octandria. Order \. Mo-
nogynia
 50 TABLE III.

Vahlia, Ciassv. Peniandria, Order ii. Digynia

Valanth (Crosswort), Class xxiii. Polygamia, Order i. Monoecia
Valeriana (Valerian), Class iii. Triandria, Ureter i. Monogynia
Vallea, C/'ass xiii. Polyandria, Order i. Monogynia
Yallhneria, C&wxxii. Dioeeia, 0/-cfcr ii. Diandria
VanJellia, Class x\v. Didynamia, Order ii. Angiosperma
Varronia, Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogynia
Vateria, Class xiii. Polyandria, Order i. Monogynia
Vatica, Class xi. Dodecandria, Order i. Monogynia
Valezia, Class vi. Hexandria, Order ii. Digynia
Velia (Spanish Cress), Class xv. Tetradynamia, Order ii. Sili-

culosa
Veratrum (White Hellebore), Class xxiii. Polygamia, Orefer i.

Monoecia
Verbascum (Mullein), Class v. Pentandria, Order Monogynia
i.

Verbena (Vervain), Class ii. Diandria, Order i. Monogynia

Verbesina, Class xix. Syngenesia, Order ii. Polyg. super.
Veronica (Speedwell), Class ii. Diandria, Order i. Monogynia
Viburnum (Pliant Mealy Tree, or Wayfaring Tree), Class v.
Pentandria, Order iii. Trigynia
Vicia (Vetch), Class xvii. Diadelphia, Order iv. Decandria
Vihcia (Periwinkle), Class v. Petandria, Order i. Monogynia
Viola (Violet), Class xix. Syngenesia, Order Monognamia i.

Virecta, Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogynia

Viscum (Misletoe), Class xxii. Dicecia, Order iv. Tetrandria
Visnea, Class xi. Dodecandria, Order iii. Trigynia
Vitex (Agnus Castus, or Chaste Tree), Class xiy. Didynamia,
Order ii. Angiosperma
Vitis (Vine), Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogynia
Volkameria, Class xiv. Didynamia, Order ii. Angiosperma
Ulex (Furze, Whins, or Gorfs), Class vii. Diadelphia, Order iv.

Decandria
Ulmus (Elm Tree), Class v. Pentandria, Order ii. Digynia
Ulva (Laver), Class xxiv. Cryptogamia, Order iii. Algas
Uniola (Sea-side Oats of Carolina), Class iii. Tirandira, Order ii.

Digynia
Unona, Class xiii. Polyandria, Order vii. Polygynia
 TABLE III. 351

Urena (Indian Mallow), Class xvi. Monadelphia, Order vii. Po-

lyandria.
Unxia, Class xix. Syngenes. Order ii. Polyg. superfl.
Urtica (Nettle), Class xxi. Monaecia, Order iv Tetrandria
Utricularia (Water Milfoil), Class x. Decandria, Order i. Mono-
gynia
Uvaria, Class xiii. Polyandria, Order vii. Polygynia
Uvularia, Class vi. Hexandria, Order i. Monogynia

W
Wachendorfia Class iii. Triandria, Order i. Monogynia
Waltheria, Class xvi. Monadelphia. Order ii. Pentandria
Weigela, Class v. Pentandria, Order i. Monogynia
Weinmannia, Class viii. Octandria, Order ii. Digynia
Willichia, Class iii. Triandria, Order i. Monogynia
Winterania
Wintera, Class xiii. Polyandria, Orc/er vii. Polygynia
Witsenia, Class iii. Triandria, Order i. Monogynia
Wulfenia, C7rm ii. Diandria, Order i. Monogynia
Wurmbea, Class vi. Hexandria, On&r iii. Trigynia

X
Xanthium (Lesser Burdock), Class xxi. Monoecia, Order v. Pen-
tandria
Xeranthemum (Austrian sneezewort, or Eternal Flower), Classxix.
Syngenesia, Order ii. Polygamia superflua
Ximenia, Class viii. Octandria, Oder i. Monogynia.
Xylophylla, Class v. Pentandria, Order in, Trigyttia
Xylopia, CZom xx. Gynandria, Order ix. Polyandria
X^ris, Cluss^iv. Tetrandria, Order i. Monogynia.

Y
Yucca (Adam's Needle), Class vi. Hexandria, Order i. Monogynia

Z
/amia, Claw xxiv. Cryptogamia, Onfer i. Filicc*.
352 TABLE III.

Zanichellia (Triple-headed Pond-weed), Class xxi. Moncecia,

Order i. Monandria
Zanonia, Class xxii. Dicecia, Order v. Pentandri
Zanthoxylum (Tooth-ach Tree), C/ass xxii. Dioecia, Order v.

Pentandria
Zea (Indian, or Turkey wheat), Class xxi. Monoeeia, Order iii.

Triandria
Zinnia, Class xix. Syngenes. Order ii. Polyg. super.
Zizania, Class xxi. Moncecia, Order vi. Hexandria
Ziziphora (Syrian Field Basil), Class ii. Diandria, Order i. Mo-
nogynia
Zoegea, Class xix. Syngenesia, Order iii. Polyg. frustr.

Zostera (Grass-wrack), Class xx. Gynandria, Order ix. Polyand.

Zygophyllum (Bean Caper), Class x. Decandria, Order i. Mono-
gynia
 TABLE IV.

AN
ALPHABETICAL CATALOGUE
OF

ENGLISH AND SCOTCH NAMES

OF

PLANTS,
FROM THE MOST APPROVED AUTHORS,
Referred to their respective Genera.

Abele, Populus Agnus castus, Vitex

Abelmosk, Hibiscus Agrimony, Agvimonia
Acacia, Mimosa Agrimony, Hemp, Eupatorium
Acacia, false, Robinia Agrimony, Bastard Hemp, Age'
Acacia, German, Pninus ratum
Acacia, three-thorned, Glcdiisia Agrimony, Naked-headed
Acajou, Anacardium Hemp, Verbcsina

Aconite, Aconitum Agrimony, Water Hemp, Bidens

Aconite, Winter, Helleborus Ague Tree, Laurus
Adam's Apple, Citrus Aikraw, Lichen scrob.

Adam's Needle, Yucca Alaternus, Bastard, Phylica

Adder's Wort, Polygonum Alder, Betula
Adder's Tongue, Ophioglossum Alder, Black, or Berry-bearing
Adragant, Gum, secTragacanth Rkamnus
Agaric, Agaricus Ale-cost, Tanaceiwn

2 A
354 TABLE IV.

Ale-hoof, Glcchoma Apple, Custard, Annona

Alexanders, Smyrnium Apple, Love, Solanum
Alkali, Sulicornia Apple, Mad, Solanum
Alkanet, Lithospermum Apple, Male Balsam, Momordica
Alkekengi, Physalis Apple, May, Podophyllum
All -good, Chenopodium Apple, Pine, Bromelia
All-heal, Clowns, Stachys Apple, Purple,
.
4 nnona
All-heal, Hereules's, Pastinaca Apple, Soap, Sapindus

All-heal, Hereules's, Heracleum Apple, Sour, Annona

All-seed, Linum Apple, Star, Chrysophyllum
All-spice, Myrtus Apple, Sugar, Annona
Alligator Pear, Lauras Apple, Sweet, Annona
Almond, Amy<>dalus Apple, Thorn, Datura
Almond, African, Brabejum Apple, Water, Annona
Almond, Ethiopian, Brabejum Apricot, Prunus
Aloe, American, Agave Arbor Vitae, Thuya
Aloe, Water, Slratiotes Arbutus Trailing, Epigeea
Althaea frutcx, Hibiscus Arcel, Lichen omph
Alysson, Rough-leaved, Subida- Ar-nuts, Avcna elet

ria Archangel, Lamium

Amaranth, Amaranthus Archangel, Baulm-leav'd, Me-
Amaranth, Globe, Gomphrena littis

Amber Tree, Anthospermum Archangel, Yellow, Galeopsis

Arnellus of Virgil, Aster Arrowhead, Sagittaria
Amomum Plinii, Solanum Arrow-headed Grass, Triglochin
Amomnm, German, Sison Arrow- root, Indian, Maranta
Ananas, Bromelia Arse-smart, Polygonum
Angelica, Berry-bearing, Aralia Artichoke, Cynara
Angelica, Wild, Mgopodium Artichoke, Jerusalem, Helianthus
Angelica Tree, Aralia Arum, African, Calla
Anife, Pimpinclla Arum, Floating, Orontium
Anotta, Bixa Asarabacca, Asarim
Apeibauf the Brasilians, Sloanca Ash, Fraxinus

Apple, Pyrus Ash, Mountain, Sorbus

Apple, Adam's, Citrus Ash, Poison, Rhus
Apple, Blad, Cactus Ash-weed, Mgopodium
 TABLE IV. 355

Asparagus, Climbing, African, Bark, Ilathera, Clutia

Medeola Bark, Winter's, Laurus
Asp, or Aspen Tree, Populus Barley, Hordcum
Asphodel, Asphodelus Barren-wort, Epimediutn
Asphodel, African, Anthericum Base-tree Trefoil, Cytisus
Asphodel, Lily, Hemerocallis Basil, Ocimum
Asphodel, Lily, Crinum Basil, Field, Clinopodium
Asses Cucumber, Momordica Basil, American Field, Monarda
Atamasco Lily, Amaryllis Basil, Syrian Field, Ziziphora

Avens, Gcum Basil, Stone, Thymus

Avocado Pear, Laurus Basil, Wild, Thymus
Auricula, Primula Batchelor's Buttons, Lychnis
Auricula, Borrage-leaved, Ver- Batchelor's Pear, Solanum
basciuu Baulm, Melissa
Ax-vetch. See Hatchet-vetch Baulm, Bastard, Melittis

Azarole, Crataegus Baulm, Moldavian, Dracocepha-

Azerira, Prunus lum
Baulm, Molucca, Moluccella
B Baulm, Turkey, Dracocephalum
Balaustine, Punica Bay, Laurus
Balm, see Baulm Bay, Loblolly, Gordouia
Balm of Gilead, false, Draco- Bay, Rose, Nerium
cephalon Bay, Dwarf Rose, Rhododendrum
Balsam, Impatiens Bay, Mountain Rose, Rhododen-
Balsam of Tolu, Toluifera drum
Balsam Apple, Male, Momordica Bay, Sweet-flowering, Magnolia
Balsam Tree, Clusia Bay Plumb, Psidium
Balsam Tree, Pistacia Bead Tree, Melia
Balsam Tree, Copaiftra Bean, Vicia
Balsamine, Female, Impatiens Bean, Bog, Menyanthes
Bamboo Cane, Arundo Bean, white, Cratagus
Banana, Musa Bean, Kidney, Phaseolus
Bane-berries, Actcea Bean Tree, Kidney, Glycine
Banian Tree, Ficus Bean Tree of America, Erythrina
Bark, True Jesuit's, Cinchona Bean Tree, Binding, Mimosa
Bark, False Jesuit's, Iva Bean Caper, Zygophyllum
2 A '2
 TABLE TV.

Bean Trefoil, Cytisus Bird's Eye, Adonis

Bean Trefoil, Stinking, Anagyri Bird's Foot, Ornithopus
Bear- berries, Arbutus Bird's Foot Trefoil, Lotus
Bear-bind, Convolvulus Bird's Nest, Ophrys
Bear's-breach, Acanthus Bird's Nest, Purple, Orchis

Bear's-ear, Primula Birch, Betula

Bear's-ear Sanicle, Cortusa Birth-wort, Aristolochia
Bear's- foot, Helleborus Bishop's-weed, Ammi
Beard, Old Man's, Clematis Bistort, Polygonum
Beech, Fagus Bitter-gourd, Cucumis

Beet, Beta Bitter-sweet, Solanum

Bee-flower, Ophrys Bitter-vetch, Ervum
Behen, White, Cucubalus Bitter-vetch, Orobus
Bell-flower, Campanula Bitter-vetch, Jointed podded,
Bells Canterbury, Campanula Ervum
Bed-straw, Galium Bitter-wort, Gentiana
Bell-Pepper, Capsicum Blackberry, Rubus -

Belladona Lily, Amaryllis Blad Apple, Cactus

Be 1 v id e re, Ckenopodium Bladder Nut, Staphyloma
Bellyach-weed, Jatropha Bladder Nut, African, Royena
Benjamin Tree, Laurus Bladder Nut, Laurel-leaved, Ilex

Bennet, Herb, Gcimi Bladder Senna, Colutea

Berberry, Bcrberis Bladder Senna, Jointed podded,
Be ran u d an a,i Sisy rinch in m Coronilla
Betony, Betonica Blessed Thistle, Cnicus
Betony, Paul's, Veronica Blindman's Ball, Lycoperdon bov.
Betony, Water, Scrophularia Blinks, Montia
Big, Hordeum Blite, Blitum
Bilberry, Vaccinium Blite, Amaranthits
Bindweed, Convolvulus Blood -flower, Hamanthus
Bindweed, Black, Tamus Blood-wood, Hccmantoxylon
^Bindweed, Rough, Smilax Blood-wort, Rumex
[Birch, Betula Blue-bonnets, Centaurea cyan
0

Birch of Jamaica, Pistacia Blue-bottle, Centaurea

Bird-chcrry, Primus Bogbean, Menyanthes
Bird Pepper, Capsicum Bogberries, Vaccinium
 TABLE IV. 357

Bogwhoris, Vaccinium Buckler, Mustard, Biscutella

Bonduc, Guilandina Buck's-horn Plantain, Pluntago
Bonnet Pepper, Capsicum Buck's-horn, Warted, Cochleuria
Bore-cole, Brassica Buck -thorn, Rhamnus
Borrage, Borrago Buck-thorn, Sea, Ilippophae
Bottle-flower, Centaurca Buck-wheat, Polygonum
Box, Buxus Bugbane. See Bogbean
Box, African, Myrsine Bugle, Ajuga
Box, Low, Poli/gala Bugloss, Anchusa
Boxthorn, Lycium Bugloss, Small wild, Asperugo
Brackens, Pteris Bugloss, Viper's, Echium
Brakes, Pteris BullaceTree, ChrysophyUum
Bramble, Rubus Bullace Tree, Primus
Brank, Polygonum Burdock, Arctium
Brank Ursine, Acanthus Burdock, Lesser, Xanthium
Brasletto, C(psalpina Bur-3Marygold, Bidens
Break-stone, Sarifraga Burnet, Garden, Poterium
Break-stone, Parsley, Aphanes Burnet, Greater wild, Sanguisorba
Briar, Sweet, Rosa Burnet Saxifrage, Pimpinella
Briar, Wild, Rosa Burning Thorny Plant, Euphorbia
Brimstone-wort, Peucedunum Bur Reed, Sjxirganiian

Bristol, Flower of, Lychnis Butcher's Broom, Ruscus

Broccoli, Brassica Butter Burr, Tussilago
Brooklime, Veronica Butter-cups, Ranunculus
Broom, Spartium Butter-wort, Pinguicida

Broom, African, Aspalathus Button Tree, Conocarpus

Broom, Dyer's, Genista Button Weed, Spermacoce
Broom, Dwarf, Genista Button Wood, Cephalanthus
Broom, Single-seeded, Genista
Broom, Rape, Orobanche C
Broom, Rape, with greatPurple Cabbage, Brassica
Flowers, halhrcca Cabbage, Dog's, Theligonum
Brown-wort, Scrophularia Cabbage, Sea, Crambc
Brown-wort, Prunella Cabbage Tree, Cacalia
Bryony, Bryonia Calabash, Cucurbila

Bryony, Black, Tamus Calabash Tree, Crescentia

358 TABLE IV.

Calamint, Melissa Cashew -nut, Anacardium

Calamint, Water, Mentha Cassava, Jalropha
Cale, Brassica Cassia, Poet's, Osyris

Cale, Sea, Crambe Cassidony, Gnaphalium

Caltrops, Tribulus Cassiobury Bush, Cassine
«
Caltrops, Water, Trapa Catch flv, Silene
Calve's Snout, Antirrhinum Catmint, Nepetu
Cammock, Ononis Cat's-foot, Glechoma

CampeachyWood, Hcematoxylon Cat's-foot Mountain, Gnaphaliurn

Catnphire Tree, Lauru-s Cat's-tail, Typha
Campion, Angrostemma Ca te rp i 1 1 ars, Scorpiu rus
Campion, Lychnis Cauliflower, Brassica
Campion, Viscous, Silene Cedar, Juniper us
Canary-grass, Phalaris Cedar of Jamaica, Bastard, Theo-
Candleof thelndians. SeeKandel broma
Candleberry Myrtle, Myrica Cedar, White, Cupressus
Candy Carrot, Athamanta Cedar of Busaco, Cupressus
Candy. Lion's Foot, Caiananche Cedar of Libanus, Pinus
Candy Tuft, Iberis Celandine, Chelidonium
Candy Tuft Tree, Iberis Celandine, Lesser, Ranunculus
Cane or Reed, Arundo Celandine Tree, Bocconia
Cane, Sugar, Saccharum Celeriac, Apiiim

Canterbury Bells, Campanula Celery, Apium

Caper-Bush, Capparis Centaury, Centaurea
Caper, Bean, Zygophyllum Centaury, Lesser, Gentiuna
Caraway, Canon Ceterach, Asplenium
Cardinal-flower, Lobelia Chamomile, Anthemis
Carl ine Thistle, Curlina Champiguion, Agaricuscam
Carnation, Dianthus Chardon, Cynara
Carnation, Spanish, Poinciana Charlock, Sinupi
Carnation Tree, Cucalia Charlock, White-flowered, with
Carob Tree, Ceratonia jointed Pods, Raphanus
Carrot, Daucus Chaste Tree, Vitex
Carrot, Candy, Athamanta Cheese Rennet, Galium
Carrot, Deadly, Thapsia Cherry, Prunus
Carui, Carum Cherry, Barbadoes, Malpighia
 TAELE IV. 359

Cherry, Bird, Primus Ciboules, Allium

Cherry, Cornelian, Comus Cicely, Sweet, Scandix
Cherry, Dwarf, Lonicera Cinnamon Tree, Luums
Cherry, Hottentot, Cassine Cinnamon, White, Laurus
Cherry, Winter, Physalis Cinquefoil, Putentil/a
Cherry, Winter, Solarium Cinquefoil, Marsh, Comarum
Cherry of the Alps, Lonicera Cistus, Marsh, Ledum
Cherry Laurel, Prunus Cistus, Lesser Marsh, Andromeda
Chervil, Garden, Scandix Cistus, Nettle- leaved, Tumera
Chervil, Wild, Charophyllum Cistus, Rape of, Asarum
Chesnut, Fagus Citron, Citrus
Chesnut, Horse, Mscuhts Citrul, Cucurbita
Chesnut, Indian Rose, Mesua Cives, Allium
Chich Peas, Cicer Clary, Salvia
Chiches, Cicer Clary, Pyramean, Horminum
Chichling Vetch, Lathyrus Clivers, Galium
Chickvveed, A/sine Cloud-berry, Rubuscham
Chickweed, African, Mollugo Clove July Flower, Dianthus
duckweed, Berry-bearing, Cu- Clove Tree, Caryophyllus
cubalis Clover, Trifolium
Chickweed, Great, Stellaria Clover, Dutch, Trifolium
Chickweed, Mountain, Moch- Clown's, Allheal, Stachys
ringia Clown's Wound -wort, Stachys
Chickweed,Mouse-ear,Ce/Y/tf/«jw Cob-nut, Corylus
Chickvveed, Small-vvater,iT7ow//a Cock's-comb, Celosia
China Root, Smilax Cock's-comb, Pedicularis
China Rose, Hibiscus Cock's-comb, Yellow, Rhinanthus
Chinquapin, Fagus Cock's-head, Hedysarum
Chocolate-nut, Theobroma Cocoa-nut, Cocos
Christmas Rose, Helleborus Cocoa-plumb, Chrysobalanus
Christopher, Herb, Actcea Codlin Tree, Pyrus
Christ's-thorn, Rhamnus Codlins and Cream, Epilobium
Chrysanthemum, Bastard, Sil- Coffee Tree, Coffea
phium Cole-seed, Brassica *

Chrysanthemum, Hard-seeded, Cole-rape, Brassica

Osteospermum Cole-wort, Brassica
 TABLE IV

Cole-wort, Sea, Crambe Costmary, Tanacetum

Cole-wort, Sea, Convolvulus Cotton, Gossypium
Coloquintida, Cicumis Cotton, Lavender, Santolina
Colt's-foot, Tussilago Cotton Tree, Silk, Bombax
Colt's- foot, Alpine, Cacalia Cotton Grass, Eriophorum
Coit's-foot, Foreign, Cacalia Cotton Weed, Filago
Columbine, Aquilegia Coventry Bells, Campanula
Columbine Feathered, Thalic CourbarU, Hymenaia
t ru »i Cow-quakes, Briza
Colutea, Jointed podded, Coro Cowslip, Primula
nilla Cowslip, American, Dodecatfteon
C o m p h ry Symphytum
,
Cowslip, Jerusalem, Pulmonaria
Consound, Greater, Symphytum Cowslip, Mountain, Pulmonaria
Consound, Lesser, Bellis Cow's Lungwort, Verbascum
Consound, Middle, Ajuga Cow Parsnep, Heracleum
Consound, Royal, Delphinium CowWetd, Charophyllinn
Consound, Saracen's, Solidago Cow Wheat, Melampyrum
Consound, the True Saracen's, Coxcomb. See Cock's- comb
Senecio Crab Tree, Pyrus
Contrayerva, Dorstenia Crake-berries, Empetrum
Contrayerva of Hernandez, Pas- Cranberries, Vaccinium
sijlora Crane's Bill, Geranium
Convall, Lily, Convallaria Creeper, Virginian, Hederu
Coral Tree, Erithrina Cress, Lepidiion

Coral-wort, Dentaria Cress, Indian, Tropaolum

Coriander, Coriandrum Cress, Sciatica, Ibcris

Cork Tree, Quercus suber Cress, Spanish, Vella

Corn, Indian, Zca Cress, Svvines, Cochlearia

Corn Flag, Gladiolus Cress, Wall, Turritis

Corn Marigold, Chrysanthemum Cress, Warted, Cochlearia
Corn Parsley, Sison Cress, Water, Sisymbrium

Corn Rocket, Bunias Cross, Winter, Erisymian

Corn Rose, Papavcr Cross, Jerusalem, Lychnis

Corn Sallad, Valeriana Cross, Knights, Lychnis

Cornel Tree, Cornus Cross, Scarlet, Lychnis
Cornelian Cherry, Camus Cross-wort, Valantia
 , TABLE IV 361

Crow-berries, Empetrum Daffodil, Sea, Pancratium

Crow- foot, Ranunculus Daisy, Bcllis
Crow-sick, Conferva riv. Daisy, Blue, Globularia
Crown Imperial, FritiUaria Daisy, Globe, Globularia
Cuckoo Flower, Cardamine Daisy, Greater, Chrysanthemum
Cuckoo-pint, Arum Daisy, Middle, Doronicum
Cucumber, Cucumis Daisy, Ox-eye, Chrysanthemum
Cucumber, Asses, Momordica Dame's Violet, Hesperis

Cucumber, Egyptian, Momor- Damson Tree, Prunus

dica Damson Tree, Chrysophyllum
Cucumber, Serpent, Tricho- Dandelion, Leontodon
santhes Dane-wort, Sambucus
Cucumber, Single-seeded, Sicyns Darnel, Lolium

Cucumber, Small creeping, Me- Date Plumb, Indian, Diospyros

lothria Date Tree, P/iaznix

Cucumber, Spirting, Momor dica Day Lily, Hemerocallis

Cucumber, Wild, Momordica Dead Nettle, Lamium

Cudweed, Gnaphalium Dead .Nettie, Yellow, Galeopsis
Cudweed, Bastard, Micropus Deadly Carrot, Thapsia
Cullions, Orchis Deadly Nightshade, Atropa
Cullions, Soldier's, Orchis Devil in a Bush, Nigella
Cumin, Cunnnum Devil's Bit, Scabiosa

Cumin, Bastard, Lagacia Devil's Bit, Yellow, Leontodon

Cumin, Wild, Lagcecia Dewberry Bush, Rubus

Cup Mushroom, Pcziza Dier's Broom, Genista
Currant Tree, Ribes Dier's Weed, Reseda
Cushion Lady's, Saxifraga Dier's Weed, Genista
Cushion, Sea, St at ice Dill, Anethum
Custard, Apple, Annona Distaff Thistle, Atractylis

Cypress, Cupressus Distaff Thistle, Curtiunnus

Cypress, Summer, Chenopodium Dittarider, Lepidium

Dittany, Origanum
D Dittany, Bastard, Marrubium

Daffodil, Narcissus Dittany, White, Dictamnus

Daffodil, Lily, Amaryllis Dock, Rwnex
Daffodil, Lily, Pancratium Doctor Tinker's Weed, Triostcum
362 TABLE IV.

Dodder, Cuscuta Egg Plant, Solanum

Dodder of Thyme, Cuscuta Eglantine, Rosa

Dog's Banc, Apocynum Elder Tree, Sambucus

Dog's Bane, Asclepias Elder, Marsh, Viburnum
Dog-berry, Cornus Elecampane, Inula
Dog's Cabbage, Theligonum Elecampane, Bastard, Helenia
Dog's Rue, Scrophularia ElemiTree, Gum, Pistacia
Dog's Stones, Orchis Elephant's Foot, Elephantopus
Dog's Tooth, or Dog's Tooth Elephant's Head, Rhinanthus

Violet, Erythronium Elichrysurn, Bastard Ethiopian,

Dogwood, Cornus Stoebe

Dogwood of Jamaica, Erythrina Eller, Bcttula aln.

Double Tongue, Ruscus Elm, Ulmus

Dove's Foot, Geranium Enchanter's Nightshade, Circaa
Dragons, Dracontium Endive, Chichorium
Dragons, Arum Eryngo, Eryngium
Dragon's Head, Dracocephalum Eschalot, Allium
Dragon's Water, Calla Eternal Flower, Xeranthema
Dragon's Wort, Artemisia Eternal Flower, Gnaphalium
Dragon, Gum, see Tragacanth Eternal Flower, Gomphrana
Dragon, Wild, Artemisia Evergreen, Aizoon
Drop-wort, Spiraea Evergreen, Sempenivwn
Drop-wort, Hemlock, (Enanthe Everlasting, Xeranthemum
Drop-water, (Enanthe Everlasting, Gomphrama
Duck's-meat, Lemna Everlasting, Gnaphalium
Duck's-meat, Starry, Callitriche Euonymus, Climbing, Celas/rus
Duck's-foot, Podophyllum Euonymus, Bastard, Kiggellaria
Dulse, Fucus palm Euonymus, Bastard, Celastrus
Dwale, Atropa Eye-bright, Euphrasia

E F
Ebony, Cretan, Ebenus Fairy Mushroom, Agaricus cor.

Ebony, False, Poinciana Farting Tree, Hura

Ebony of the Alps, Cytisus Faufel Nut, Areca
Ebony, Mountain, Bauhinia Felwort, Gentiana
Edders, Arum Felon-wort, Solanum
 TABLE IV. 303

Fennel, Anethum Finochia, Anethum

Fennel Hog's, Peucedanum Fir, Pinus
Fennel, Scorching, Thapsia Fir Moss, Upright, Lycopodium
Fennel, Sea, Crithmum Fish Thistle, Carduus
Fennel Flower, Nigella Flag, or Flag- flower, Iris
Fennel Flower of Crete, Gari- Flag, Corn, Gladiolus
della Flag, Sweet-scented, Acorns
Fennel Giant, Ferula Flax, Linum
Fenugreek, Trigonella Flax, Carolina, Polypremum
Fern, Common Male, PolypodiumFlax, Toad, Antirrhinum
Fern, Common Female, Polypo- Fleabane, Conyza,
dium Fleabane, Marsh, Inula
Fern, Flowering, Osmunda Fleabane, Middle, Inula
Fern, Common, or True Mules, Fleabane, Shrubby African, Tar-
Asplenium chonant/tus

Fern, Mules, Hemionitis Fleabane Tree, Tarchonanthus

Fern, Sweet, Scandix Flea- wort, Plantago

Feverfew, Matricaria Flix-weed, Sisymbrium

Feverfew, Bastard, Parthenium Flower of Bristol, Lychnis
Fever-root, Triosteum, Flower of Constantinople, Lychnis
Fever-weed, E:yngium Flower Gentle, Amaranthus
Fiddle-wood, Citharexylutn Flower of an Hour, Hibiscus
Field Basil, Clenopodium Flower de Luce, Iris

Field Basil, American, Monarda Flower-fence of Barbadoes, Po-

Field Basil, Syrian, Ziziphora inciana

Fig, Ficus Flower-fence, Bastard, Adenan-

Fig, Indian, Cactus thera

Fig, Infernal, Argemone Fluellin, Antirrhinum

Fig, Pharoah's, Ficus Fly Honeysuckle, Lonicera

Fig, Pharoah's, Musa Fly Honeysuckle, African, Hal-
Fig,
*o>
*
—
Marigold,
o Mesemhryanthe- leria

mum Fly Bane, Silene

Fig Tree, Cochineal, Cactus Fly-wort, Silene
Fig-wort, Scrophuluria Fool's Parsley, Mthusa
Filberd, Corylus Fool's Stones, Orchis

Fingrigo, Pisonia Four o'clock Flower, Mirabilis

 TABLE IV.

FoX Glove, Digitalis Germander, Water, Teucrium

Fox -tail Grass, Alopecurus Gilead, False Baulm of, Draco
Frankincense, Jews, S'yrax cephalum
Frankincense Tree, fV/tMS Gill, Glechoma
Fraxinella, Dictamnus Gilly-flower, see July-flower
French Bean, Phascolus Ginger, A mo mum
French Honeysuckle, Iledysarum Ginseng, Panax
Fresh-water Soldier, Strutiotes Glad iole, Water, Butomus
Friar's Cowl, Arum Gladiole, Water, Lobelia

Fringe Tree, Cliionanthus Gladwin, Stinking, Iris

Fri ciliary, Fritillaria Glass-wort, Salsola

Fritillary Coxcomb, Stapelia Glass-wort, Berry- bearing, Ana-

Frog's Bit, Hydrocharis basis

Fuller's Thistle, Dipsacus Glass-wort, Jointed, Salicornia

Fumatory, Fumaria Globe Amaranth, Gomphrena
Furze, Ulex Globe Daisy, Globularia
Fustic Tree, Morus Globe Fl ower, Spharanthus
Globe Ranunculus, Trollius
G Globe Thistle, Echinops
Gale, or Sweet Gale, Myrica Goat's Beard, Tragopogon
Galingale, Cyperus Goat's Rue, Galega
Garavances, Cicer Goat's Stones, greater, Satyrium
Garlick, Allium Goat's Stones, lesser, Orchis
Gar lick Pear, Crateva Goat's Thorn, Astragalus
GatterTree, Cornus Gold of Pleasure, Myagrum
Gelder Rose. Viburnum Golden Cups, Ranunculus
Gelder Rose, Currant-leaved, Golden Lung- wort, Hieracium
Spima Golden Maiden-hair, Polytrichion
Gelder Rose, Virginian, Spiraea Golden Mouse-ear, Hieracium
Gentian, Gcntiana Golden Rod, Solidago
Gefltian, Bastard, Sarothra Golden Rod Tree, Bosea
Centianella, Gcntiana Golden Samphire, Inula
Gentle, Flower, Amaranthus Golden Saxifrage, Chrysoplenium
Gerard, Herb, Mgopodium Golden Thistle, Scolymns
Germander, Teucrium Golden Locks, Chrysocoma
Germander, Rock, Veronica Golden Locks. Gnaphalium
 TABLE IV.

Good Henry, Chenopodium Gromwell, German, Siellera

Gooseberry, Ribes Ground Ivy, Glechoma

Gooseberry, American, Mela- Ground Nut, tirachis
stoma Ground Pine, Teucrium
Gooseberry of the Americans, Ground Pine, Stinking, Cam-
Cactus phorosma
Gooseberry of Barbadoes, Cactus Groundsel, Scnecio
Goose Foot, Chenopodium Groundsel Tree, Baccharis
Goose Grass, Galium Groundsel Tree, with a Ficoides
Goose Grass, great, Asperugo Leaf, Cacalia
Goose Tongue, Achillea Guava. See Guayava
Go to bed at Noon, Tragopogon Guava, French, Cassia
Gorss, Ulcx Guayava, Psidlum
Gourd, Cucurbita Guills, Chrysanthemum, scg.

Gourd, Bitter, Cucumis Gum Elemi Tree, Pistuchia

Gourd, Ethiopian, Sour, Adan- Gum Succory, Chondrilla
sonia Gum Tragacanth, Astragalus
Gourd Tree, Indian, Crescent ia Gum, Sweet, Liquidantbar
Gout- wort, JEgopodium
Gowan, Bellis H
Grace, Herb of, Rata Hag-berries, Primus pad.
Grain, Oily Purging, Sesamum Hag-taper, Verbascum thap.
Grain, Scarlet, 'Huercus Hair-bells, Hyacinthus

Grain, Scarlet, Cactus Hare's-ear, Beuplurum

Grape, Vitis Hare's-ear, Bastard, Phyllu

Grape, Mangrove, Polygonum Hare's Lettuce, Sonchus

Grape, Sea-side, Polygonum Hart's-horn Plantain, Plant ago
Grape Hyacinth, Hyacinthus Hart's-tongue, Asplcnium
Grass of Parnassus, Parnassia Hart-wort, Sesele
Grass Vetch, Crimson, Lathyrus Hart-wort of Crete, Tordyliion
Grass Wrack, Zostera Hart-wort, Shrubby, of Ethiopia,
Gravel-bind, Convolvulus Bapleurim
Greek Valerian, Polemonium Hart-wort of Marseilles, Seseli

Green-weed, Genista Hatchet Vetch, Tree, Coronilla

Grim the Collier, Hieracium Hatchet Vetch, Clusius's, Fo-
Gromwell, or Gromil, Lithosper- reign, Biserrula

mum
366 TABLE IV.

Hawk-weed, Hierac'um Helmet-flower, Aconitum

Hawk-weed, Bastard, Crepis Hemlock, Conium
Hawk- weed, Trailing crooked- Hemlock, Great broad-leaved
seeded, Hyoseris Bastard, Ligusticum
Hawk-weed, Woolly, Andryala Hemlock, Lesser, Mthusa
Hawthorn, or Haw, Crataegus Hemlock, Water, Cicuta
Hawthorn, Black American, Hemlock Drop-wort, CEnanthe
Viburnum Hemp, Cannabis
Hay, Burgundian, Medicago Hemp, Bastard, Datisca
Hazel, or Hazel Nut, Corylus Hemp, Bastard, Galeopsis
Hazel, Witch, Hamamelis Hemp Agrimony, Eupatorium
Hazel, Witch, Ulmus Hemp Agrimony, Bastard, Age-
Hart Pea, Cardiospermum ratum
Heart Seed, Cardiospermum Hemp Agrimony, Naked-headed,
Heart's Ease, Viola Verbesina
Heath, Erica Hemp Agrimony, Water, Bidens
Heath, Berry -bearing, Empetrum Henbane, Hyoscyamus
Heath, Black-berried, Empetrum Henbane, Yellow, Nicotiana
Heath, Mountain, Saxifraga Henweed, Guinea, Petiveria
Heath, Low Pine, Coris Hepatica, Anemone
Heath Peas, Orobus Hep Tree, Rosa
Hedge-hog, Medicago Herb-bane, Orobanche
Hedge-hogr Thistle, Cactus Herb-bane, Great Purple, La-
Hedge-hog Thorn, Spanish, thrcea

Antliyllis Herb Bennet, Geum

Hedge Hyssop, Gratiola Herb Christopher, Actcea
Hedge Mustard, Erysium Herb Gerard, JEgopodium
Hedge Nettle, Galeopsis Herb of Grace, Ruta
Hedge Nettle, Shrubby, Prasium Herb Mastick, Salureia
Hellebore, Helleborus Herb Paris, Paris

Hellebore, Bastard, Serapias Herb Paris of Canada, Trillium

Hellebore, Black, Helleborus Herb Robert, Geranium
Hellebore* Fennel-leaved Black, Herb Trinity, Viola
Adonis Herb Truelove, Paris
Hellebore, White, Veratrum Herb Truelove of Canada, Tril-
Helleborine, Serapias lium
 TABLE IV. 307

Herb Two-pence, Lysimachia Hop-tree, Ilex

Herb, Blessed, Geurn Horehound, Murrubiam
Herb, St. Bartholomew's, Ilex Horehound, Base, Stachys
Herb, Willow, Epilohium Horehound, Bastard, Sidcritis

Herb, Willow, Ly thrum Horehound, Black, Ballota

Herb, Willow, Lisymachia Horehound, Stinking Marsh,
Hercules's Allheal, Pastinaca Bastard, Glechomu
Hercules's Allheal, Heracleum Horehound, Water, Lycopus
Hercules's Club, Zanthoxylon Hornbeam, Carpinus
Hiccory Nut, Juglans Horns, Medicago
High Taper, Verbuscwu Horse Chesnut, Msculus
Hind-berry, Rubus Horse Purslane. Trianthema
Hog Plumb-tree, Spondias Horse-radish, Cochlear ia
Hog's Fennel, Peuccdanum Horse-shoe Vetch, Hippocrepis
Hog-weed of the Americans, Horse-tail, Equisetum

Bocrhaavia Horse-tail, Shrubby, Ephedra

Hollow Root, Adoxa Horse-tongue, Ruscus
Holly, Iltx Hottentot Cherry, Cassine
Holly, Knee, Ruscus Hound's-tongue, Cynoglossum
Holly, Sea, Eryngium I Iouseleek, Sempei-vivum

Hollyhock, Alcca House leek, Lesser, Sedum

Holy Thistle, Cuicus Houseleek, Small, annual, Tillcea
Honesty, Lunaria Houseleek, Water of Egypt,
Hone-wort, Sison Pisiia

Honey -flower, Mclinnthus Hyacinth, Hyacinthus

Honey Locust, Gledilsia Hyacinth, African Blue, umbel
Honeysuckle, Lonicera lated, Crmum
Honeysuckle, African Fly, Hal- Hyacinth, Lily, Scilla
leria Hyacinth, Peruvian, Scilla
Honeysuckle, AmericanUpright, Hyacinth, Starry, Scilla

Azalea Hyssop, Hyssopus

Honeysuckle, French, Hedysa- Hyssop, Hedge, Gratiola
rum Hyssop, Mountain, Thymbra
Honeysuckle Grass, Trifolium
Honey -wort, Cerinthe I

Hop, Humulus Jacinth, Hyacinthvs

368 TABLE IV.

Jack in a Box, Hcrnandia Indigo, Bastard, Amorpha

Jack by the Hedge, Erysimum Infernal Fig, Argemone
Jacob's Ladder, Polemonium Job's Tears, CoU
Jacoba:a Lily, Amaryllis Johnsonia, Callicarpa
Jalap, Mirubilis Johnquill, Narcissus

Jasmine, Jasminum Ipecacuana, Bastard, Asclepias

Jasmine, Arabian, Nycianilia Ipecacuana, False, Triosteum
Jasmine, Bastard, Cestrum Iris, Uvaria, Aletris
J.ismine, Bastard, Lycium Iron-wood, Sideroxylum
Jasmine, Ilex-leaved, Lantana Iron-wort, Sideritis
Jasmine, Fennel-leaved, Ipomoca Judas-tree, Circis
Jasmine, Persian, Syringa Jujube-tree, Rhamnus
Jasmine, Red, Plumeria July-flower, Clove, Dianthus
Jasmine, Scarlet, Bignonia July-flower, Queen's, Hesperis
Jasmine, Yellow, Bignonia July-flower, Stock, C/ieiranthus
Jericho, Rose of, Anustatica Juniper, Jun'iperus
Jersey, Thea, New, Ccanothus Jupiter's Beard, Anlhyllis

Jerusalem Artichoke, Hclianthus Jupiter's Beard, American,

Jerusalem Cowslip, P/tlmonaria Amorpha
Jerusalem Cross, Lychnis Jupiter's Distaff, Salvia

Jerusalem Oak, Chenopodium Ivy, Hedera

Jerusalem, Sage, Phlomis Ivy, Bindweed-leaved, Meni-

Jerusalem, Sage of, Pulmonaria spermum

Jessamine, see Jasmine Ivy, Ground, Glechoma
Jesuit's Bark-tree, True, Chin- Ivy-tree of America, Kalmia
chona
Jesuit's Bark-tree, False, Iva K
Jew's Frankincense, Styrax Kale, Sea, Crambe
Jew's Mallow, Cerck&ms Kali, Salsola
Ilathera Bark, Glutm Kali, Egyptian, Mesembryanthe-
Immortal Eagle Flower, Impa- mum
tiens Kali, Sal, Salicornia
Immortal Flower, Gomphrena Kandel of the Indians, Rhizo~
Indian God Tree, Ficus phora
Jndian Shot, Cunna Kelp, Salicornia
Indigo, Indigo/era Kermes, 2uercus
 TABLE IV. 369

Kidney Bean, Phaseolus Lark's Heel, Delphinium

Kidney Bean-tree of Carolina, Lark's Spur, Delphinium

Glycine Laserwort, Laserpitium

Kidney Vetch, Antliyllis Lavender, Lavandula
Kidney-wort, Saxifraga Lavender, Sea, Statice
King's Spear, Asphodelus Lavender Cotton, Sautolina
Knapweed, Centaurea Laver, Ulva
Knapweed, Thorny, Centaurea Laurel, Prunus
Knavvel, Sclcrauthus Laurel, Alexandrian, Ruscus
Knee Hollv, Ruscus Laurel, Dwarf, of America,
Knee Holm, Ruscus Kalmia
Knight's Cross, Lychnk Laurel, Flax-leaved, Daphne
Knot Berries, Rubus Laurel, Sea-side, Phyllanthus
Knot Grass, Polygonum Laurel, Spurge, Daphne
Knot Grass, German, Scleranthus Laurustinus, Viburnum
Knot Grass, Mountain, Illecebrum Lauskraut, Delphinium
Knot Grass, Verticillate, Illece- Lead-wort, Plumbago
brum Leather- wood, Dirca
Leek, Allium
L Lemon, Citrus

Laburnum, Cytisus Lemon, Water, Passijlora

Ladder to Heaven, Convallaria Lentils, Ervum

Ladder, Jacob's, Polemonium Lentisk, Pistacia

Lady's Bedstraw, Galium Lentisk, African, Schinus

Lady's Bower, Clematis Lentisk, Peruvian, Schinus

Lady's Comb, Scandix Leopard's Bane, Doronicum

Lady's Cushion, Saxifraga Lettuce, Lactuca

Lady's Finger, Anthyllis Lettuce, Hare's, Sonchtis

Lady's Mantle, AWiemilla Lettuce, Lamb's, Valeriana

Lady's Seal, Tamus Lettuce, Wild, Prenanthes

Lady's Slipper, Cypripedium Life, Tree of, Thuya

Lady's Smock, Cardamine Life, Wood of, Guaiacnm
Lady's Traces, Triple, Ophrys Life Everlasting, GnctphcUiuvn

Lakeweed, Polygonum Lignum Aloes, Cordica

Lamb's Lettuce, Valeriana Lignum Vita?, Guaiacum

Larch -tree, Pinus Lilac, Syringa

Q B

\
370 TABLE IV.

Lily, Liiutm Liquorice, Wild, CaprarUx

Lily, African Scarlet, Amaryllis Liquorice, Wild, Glycine
Lily, Asphodel, Crinum Liquorice Vetch, Astragalus
Lily, Atamasco, Aiiuryllis Liquorice Vetch, Knobbed-root-
Lily, Belladonna, Amaryllis cd, Glycine

Lily, St. Bruno's, Hemerocallis Live-ever, Sedum

Lily, Convall, Convallaria Live-long, Sedum
Lily, Day, Hemerocallis Liver-wort, Lichen
Lily, Guernsey, Amaryllis Liver-wort, Marsh, Riccia
Lily, Jacobfea, Amaryllis Liver-wort, INoble, Anemone
Lily, Japan, Amaryllis Lizard's-tail, Saururus

Lily, May, Convallaria Lizard's -tail, Piper

Lily, [Mexican, Amaryllis Loblolly Bay, Gordonia
Lily, Persian, Frilillaria Locker (iowlans, Trollius
lily, Superb, Gloriosa Locust, MeUanthus
Lily, Water, Nymphaa Locust, Ceralonia
Lily, Lesser Yellow Water, with Locust, Bastard, Hymenaxe
fringed Flowers, Menyauihes Locust-tree, Hj/menaa
Lily, Zeylon, Amaryllis Locust-tree, Robinia
Lily, Asphodel, Hemerocallis Locust-tree, Honey, Gleditsta
Lily, Daffodil, Amaryllis
•
Log w o od , Hwm atoxy lo
Lily, Daffodil, Pancratium London Pride, Saxi/raga

Lily, Hyacinth, Scilla Loose-stri le, Lysimachia

Lily, Thorn, Cutcsbuca Loose-strife, Podded, Jipilobium
Lily of the Valley, Convallaria Loose-strife, Purple, La/thrum

Lime, Citrus Loose-strife, Spiked, Ly thrum

Lime, Brook, Veronica Loose-strife, Yellow Virginian,
Lime-tree, Tilia Gaura
Ling, Erica Lords and Ladies, 'Arum
Linden-tree, Tilia Lotus, or Lote-tree, Cckis
Lion's-foot, Candy, Catananche Lotus, supposed of Homer, Dlos-
Lion's leaf, Leonlice pyros
Lion's-tail, Leonurus Lotus, Honey, Trifolium
Lipplehout, Cassine Lovage, Ligusticum
Liquorice, Glycyrrhiza Love, Tree of, Cercis

Liquorice, Wild, Astragalus Love Apple, Sjlunum

 TABLE IV. 37

Love in a Mist, Passiflora Mallow, Jew's, Corchorus

Love lies a bleeding, Amaranthus Mallow, Indian, Sida
Louse-wort, Pedicularis Ms How, Indian, Urena
Louse-n*( rt, Yellow, Rkinanthas Mallow, Marsh, Althaea
Lucern Grass, Jledicago Mallow, Rose, Alcea
Luokeu-Gowan, Trollius Mallow, Syrian, Hibiscus
Lung-wort, Puhnonana Mallow, Tree, Lavatera
Lung-wort, Cow's, Verbascum Mallow, Varied leav'd, Lavatera
Lung- wort, Golden, Hieracium Mallow, Venetian, Lavatera
Lupine, Lupinus Mallow, Vervain, Malva
Lust-wort, Drosera Mallow, Yellow, Sida
Lychnidea, Phlox Mammee, Mammca
Lychnis, Bastard, Phlox Mammee, S;upota, Achras
Lychnis, Wild, Agrostema Manchineel-tree, Hippomanc
Mandrake, Mandragora
M Mango-tree, Mangifera
Mace, Reed, Tj/p/ia Mangostan, or Mangosteen, Gar-
Mad Apple, Solanum ciana
Madder, Rubia Mangrove Grape,- Polygonum
Madder, Little Field, Sherardia Mangrove-tree of America, Rhi-
Madder, Petty, Crucianella zophora
Mad-wort, Alyssum Manihot, Jatropha
Mad-wort, German, Aspenigo Maple, Acer
Mahaleb, Primus Maracock, Passijlora

Maho-tree, Hibiscus Marigold, Calendula

Maiden-hair, Adiantum Marigold, African, Tagetes
Maiden-hair, English black, As- Marigold, Corn, Chiysanthe/num
plenium ^Marigold, Fig, MesSmbryanthe-
Maiden- hair, Golden, Folytri- . rnum
chum Marigold, French, Tagetes
Maiden-hair, White, Asplenium Marigold, Marsh, Caltha
Maiden Piumb, C/nysobalanus Marjoram, Common or Sweet,

Malabar Nut, Justicia Origanum

Male Balsam Apple, Memordica Marjoram, Bastard, Origanum

Mallow, Malva Marjoram, Pot, Origanum

Mallow, Bastard, Malope ' Marjoram, Spanish, Crura

2 B 2
 372 TABLE IV.

Marjoram, Wild, Origanum Medic, Medicago

Marjoram, Winter Sweet, Ori Medic, Bastard, Medicago
ganum Medic, Sea, Medicago
Marsh-mallow. See Mallow Medic, Vetch, Hedysarum
Martagon, Lilium Medic, Vetchl ing, Hedysarum
Marvel of Pern, Mirabilis Medlar, Mespilus
Marum, Common, Satureia Medusa's Head, Euphorbia
Marum, Pennyroyal-scented, Melancholy Thistle, Carduus

Melissa Melancholy-tree, NyclantJies

Marum, Syrian or Cretan, Ori- Melilot, Trifolium
-

ganum Melon, Cucumis

Master- wort, Imperatoria Melon, Water, Cucurbila
Master-wort, Black, Astrantia Melon-thistle, .Cactus
Mastich, Herb, Sa-tureia Mercury, Mercurialis
Mastich, Indian, Schinus Mercury, English, Chenopodhun
Mastich, Peruvian, Schinus Mezereon, Daphne
Mastich-tree, Pistachia Meu, Athamanta
Mastich -tree, Indian, Schinus Mignonette, Reseda
Mastich Thyme, Satureia Milfoil, Achillea

Mastich Thyme, Thymus Milfoil, Water, Hottonia

Martfellon, Centaurea Milfoil, Water, Myriophyllum.
Mat-weed, Hooded, Lygeum Milfoil, Water, Utricidaria
Maudlin, Achillea Milk Vetch, Astragalus
May Apple, Podophyllum Milk Vetch, Bastard, Phaca
May Bush, Cratagns Milk Wood, B ignonia
May Lily, Convallaria Milk-wort, Polygala
May Weed, Anthemis Milk-wort, Euphorbia
Mays, Zea Milk-wort, Sea, Glaux
Meadia, Dddecaihenon Millett, Panicum
Meadow Rue, Thalictrum Millet-grass, Milium
Meadow Saffron, Colchicum Millet, Indian, Holcus

Meadow Saxifrage, Peucedanum Milt-waste, Asplenium

Meadow-sweet, Spima Mint, Mentha
Meadow-sweet, Greater, Spircca Mint, Cat, Nepeta

Meadow, Queen of the, Spinea MUletoe, Viscum

Mealy-tree, Pliant, Viburnum Mithridate Mustard, Thlaspi
 TABLE IV. 3 -o
/ 3

Mithridate Mustard, Bastard, Mulberry-tree, Moms

Iberis Mulberry Blite, Blitwn
Mock Orange, Philadelphus Mule Fairchild's, Dianthus
Mock Privet, P/iil/yrea Mule-wort, Hemionitvs
Moldavian Baulm, Dracocepha- Mule's Fern, Hemionitis
him Mullein, Vcrbascum
Molucca Baulm, Moluccella Mullein, Moth, Verbascum
Moly with Lily-flowers, or Ho- Mushrooms, Agaricus
mer's, Allium Mushrooms, Cup, Peziza
Money-wort, f.ysimachia Musk Seed, Hibiscus
Monk's-head, Leontodon Mustard, Sinapis
Monk's-hood, Aconitum Mustard, Bastard, Cleome
Monk's Rhubarb, Rumex Mustard Buckler, Biscutella
Monster, Fritillaria Mustard, Hedge, Erysimwn
Moon Seed, Menispermum Mustard, Mithridate, Thlaspi
Moon Trefoil, Medicago Mustard, Bastard Mithridate,
Moon-wort, Lunaria Iberis

Moor Berries, Vaccinium Mustard, Tower, Titrritis

Moschatel, Tuberose, Adoxa Mustard, Bastard Tower, Arabis

Moss-tree, Lichen Mustard, Treacle, Clypeola
Moss, Upright Fir, Lycopodium Mustard, Treacle, Thiasjri

Moss, Water, Fontinalis Myrtle, Myrtus

Moss-berries, Vaccinium Myrtle, Candleberry, Myrica
Moth Mullein, Verbascum Myrtle, Dutch, Myrica
Mother of Thyme, Thymus
Mother-wort, Leonurus N
Mouse-ear, Hieracium Naked Ladies, Colchicum

Mouse-ear, Creeping, Hiera- Naples, Star of, Ornithogalum

c'urn Narcissus, Third, of Matthiolus,

Mouse-ear, Golden, Hieracium Pancratium

Mouse-ear Chickweed, Cera<tfiw« Naseberry-tree, Sloanea
Mouse-ear Scorpion-grass, My- Nasturtion, Tropctolum
osotis Navel -wort, Cotyledon
Mouse -tail, Myosorus Navel-wort, Bastard, Crassula
Mugw* ed, Valantia cru. Navel-wort, False, Crassula
Mug-wort, Artemisia Navel-wort, Venus's, Cynoglossuni
374 TABLE IV.

Navel-wort, Water, Hydrocotyle Nut, Hazel, Coryl-ts

Navew, Brassica Nut, Malabar, Justicia
Nectarine, Ainygdalus Nut, Pease Earth, Lathyrus
Nep, Nepeta Nut, Physic, Jatropha
Nettle, Urtica Nut, Physic, Cretan
Nettle, Dead, Lamium Nut, Pig, Bunium
Nettle, Hedge, Galeopsis Nut, Pistacia, Pistacia
Nettle, Shrubby Hedge,Prasi«m Nut, Purging, Croton
Nettle-tree, Celtis Nut, Purging, Jatropha
Network, Eriocaulon dec. Nut, Spanish, Iris

Nickar-tree, Guilandina Nut, Walnut, Juglans

Nightshade, Solarium
Nightshade, American, Phyto- O
lace a Oak, Quercus
Nightshade, American, Rivina Oak, Dwarf, Teucrium
Nightshade, Bastard, Rivina Oak of Cappadocia, Ambrosia
Nightshade, Deadly, Atropa Oak of Jerusalem, Chenopodium
Nightshade, Enchanter's, Circaa Oak, Poison, Rhus
Nightshade, Malabar, Basclla Oats, Avena
Nightshade, Three-leaved, Tril- Oats, Seaside, of Carolina, Uniola
Mum Oats, Wild-bearded, Eromus
Nipple-wort, Lapsana Oat-grass, Bromus
Noli me tangere, Impa liens Oil Nut, Ricinus.
Noli me tangere, Momordica Oil Seed, Ricinus
None so pretty, Saxifraga Oil-tree, Ricinus

Nonsuch, Lychnis Oily Purging Grain, Sesamum

Nose-bleed, Achillea Okra, Hibiscus
Nut-tree, Corylus Old Man's Beard, Clematis
Nut, Bladder, Staphylaa Old Man's head, Dianthus
Nut, Cashew, Anacardium Oleander, Nerium
Nut, Chocolate, Theobroma Oleaster, Elccagnus

Nut, Cob, Corylus Olive, Olca

Nut, Cocoa, Cocos Olive, Spurge, Daphne

Nut, Iiarth, Bunium Olive, Wild, Elccagnus

Nut, Fausel, Areca Olive, Wild, of Barbadocs,

Nut, Ground, Arachis Bontia
 TABLE IV.

One Berry, Paris Palm, Common or Greater, or

One Blade, Convallaria Date-tree, Phccniv
Onion, Allium Palm, Lesser or Dwarf, Cliamx-
Onion, Sea, SciHu rups
Orange, Citrus Palm, The Cocoa Nut, Cocos
Orange, Mock, Philadelphus Palm, the Fausel Nut, Areca
Origany, Origanum Palm, Malabar, called Ampana
Oroonoka, Nicotiana and Carimpaua, Borassus
Orpine, Seduin Palm, Wild Malabar, called Ka-
Orpine, Bastard, Adrachnc tou Indel, Elate
Orpine, Lesser, Crassula Palm, Mountain, with largest

Orpine, True of Imperatus, 7V- Leaves, called Codda Panna,

lephium Corypha
Orrach, Atriplex Palm with ringed Stems, called
Orrach, Berrv-bearing, Blitum Todda Panna, Cycas
Orrach, Creeping shrubby, Atra- Palm with bipennate Leaves,
pilaris called Schunda Panna, Cary-
Orrach, Wild, Chenopodium ota
Osier, Salix Palma Christi, Ricinits

Osmund Royal, Osmunda Palmetto, Chamerrops

Ox-eye, Buphthalmum Panic, Panicum
Ox-eye of old Authors, Anthemis Panic-grass, Panicum
Ox-eye Daisy, Chrysanthemum Pansies, Viola

Ox-lips, Primula Papaw-tree, Carica

Ox-tongue, Picris Pa paw-tree of North America,
Oswego Tea, Monarda Annona
Oyster-green, Viva lac Paraguay Tea, Ilex

Park-leaves, Hypericum
Parsley, Apium
Paddock-stool, Agaricu* Parsley, Bastard, Caucills

Paddock-pipe, Equisetum Parsley, Corn, SLson

Peeony, Piconia Parsley, Fool's, sEthusa

Pagils, or Paigles, Primula Parsley, Macedonian, Bubon

Painted Ladies, Dianthus Parsley, Milk}'', Sclinum

Painted Lady Pease, Lathyrus Parsley, Mountain, Athamanta

376 TABLE IV.

Bubon Pear, Garlick, Crateva

Parsley, Stone,
Parsley, Bastard Stone, Sison Pear, Prickly, Cactus

Parsley, Wild, Sison Pearl-wort, Sagina

Parslev, Wild of America, Car- Pellitory, Parietaria

Pellitory, Bastard, Achillea
*
diospermum
Achillea
Parsley, Break-stone, Apkanes Pellitory, Double,
Parsley Piert, Aphanes Pellitory of Spain, Anthemis

Parsnep, Pastinaca Pellitory of Spain, False, Chry-

Parsnep, Cow's, Heracleum suntheinum

Parsnep, Prickly, Echinophora Pellitory-tree, Zanthoxylum

Parsnep, Water, SYv/;; Pellitory of the Wall, Parietaria

Parnassus, Gra^s of, Parnassia Pennyroyal, Mentha

Pasque-flower, Anemone Pennyroyal, Virginian, Satureia
Pa.;sion-flower, Passiflora Pennywort, Marsh, Hydrocotyle
Patience, Rumex Pennywort, Wall, Cotyledon
Paul's Betony, Veronica Pennywort, Water, Hydrocotyle
Pea, Pisvm Penguin, Bronielia
Pea, Chich, Cicer Pemstemon, Chelonc
Pea, Chichling, Lathyrus Peony. See Paeony
Pea, Earth-nut, Lathyrus Pepper, Piper
Pea, Everlasting, Lathyrus Pepper, Barbary, Capsicum
Pea, Hean, Car diospermum Pepper, Bell, Capsicum
Pea, Reath, Orobus Pepper, Bird, Capsicum
Pea, Painted Lady, Lathyrus Pepper, Bonnet. Capsicum
Pea, Pigeon, Cytisus Pepper, Guinea, Capsicum
Pea, Sweet-scented, Lathyrus Pepper, Jamaica, Myrtus
Pea, Tangier, Lathyrus Pepper, Indian, Capsicum
Pea, Winged, Lotas Pepper, Long, Piper
Pea, Wood, Orobus Pepper, Poor Man's, Lepidium
Peach, Amygdalus Pepper, Wall, Sedum
Peach, Wolf's, Solanum Pepper, Water, Polygonum
Pear, Pyrus Pepper- grass, Pilularia
Pear, Avocado, Avocatq, or Al- Pepper-pot, Capsicum
ligator, Lauras Pepper-tree, Vitis

Pear, Bachelor's, Solanum Pepper- wort, Lepidium

 TABLE IV. S77

Percepier, Aphanes Pink, Diunthus

Periwinkle, Vinca Pink, Indian, Ipomiva
Persicaria, Polygonum Pink, Indian, Lonicera
Pestilent-wort, Tussilago Pink, Sea, Statice

Petroseline Wortle, Apium P'mpillow. See Pimpillo

Petty Madder, Crucianella Pipe-tree, Syringa

Petty Whin, Ononis Pipe-tree, Pudding, Cassia

Pharoah's Fig, Musa Piperidge Bush, Bcrberis
Pharoah's Fig, Fiats Pippin, Pyrus
Pheasant's Eye, Adonis Piquets, Dianthns
Phyllyrea, False, Rhamnus Pishamin Plum, Diospyros
Phu, Valeriana Pistacia Nut, Pistacia

Physic, Nut, Jatrophu Pistacia-trre, Black VirginiaD,

Physic, Nut, Croton Hamamelis
Physic, Pork, Phytolacca Pistacia, Hazel-leaved, Hama-
Pick- tooth, Dai' cits melis

Pigeon Pea, Cytisus Pitch-tree, Pinus

Pig Nut, Biinimn Plane-tree, Platanus

Pig Nut, Juglam Plane-tree, False, Acer

Pile wort, Ranunculus Plant, Burning Thorny, Euphor-

Pimento, Myrtus bia

Pimpernel, Anagallis Plant, Egg, Solanum

Pimpernel, Water, Veronica Plant, Humble, Mimosa

Pimpernel, Round-leaved Wa Plant, Sensitive, Mimosa
ter, Samolus Plant, Bastard Sensitive, JEschy-

Pimpernel, Yellow, of the nomene

Woods, Lysimachia Plantain, Planta^o

Pimpillo, Cactus Plantain, Water, Alisma

Pinaster, Pinus Plantain, Least Water, Limosella

Pine-tree, Pinus Plantain, Star-headed Water,

Pine, Ground, Teucrium Alisma

Pine, Stinking Ground, Camphc - Plantain Shot, Canna
rosma Plantain -tree, Musa
Pine, Heath-low, Coris Pliant Mealy-tree, Viburnum
Pine-apple, Bromelia Plowman's Spikenard, Baccharis
Pine-apple, Wild, Renealmia Plowman's Spikenard, Conyza
378 TABLE IV.

Plum-tree, Pri/nus Potatoe, Indian, Dioscorea

Plum, American Black, Chryso- Potatoe, Spanish, Convolvulus
balanus Prick Wood, Euonymus
Pium, Bay, Psidium Primrose, Primula
Plum, Brasilian, Spondias Primrose, Night, CEnothera
Plum, Cocoa, Chrysobalanus Primrose, Peerless, Narcissus
Plum, Hog, Spondias Primrose-tree, Oenothera
Plum, Indian Date, Diospyros Prince's Feather, Amaranthus
Plum, Maiden, Chrysobalanus Privet, Ligustrum

Plum, Pishamin, Pcrsimon, or Privet, Evergreen, Rhamnus

Pitchumon, Diospyros Privet, Mock, Phillytea
Poccoon. See Puccoon Privy-saugh, Ligustrum
Poekwood, Cuaiacum Puccoon, Sanguinaria
Poet's Cassia, Osyris Pudding-grass, Mentha
Poet's Rosemary, Osyris Pudding Pipe-tree, Cassia
Poison Ash, Rhus Puil-balls, Lycoperdon bov.
Poison Berry, Cestrum Pumpion. See Pompion
Poison Bush, Euphorbia Pumpkin. See Pompion
Poison Oak, Rhus Purging Grain, Oily, Sesamum
Poison Tree, Rhus Purging Nut, Croton
Poke, Virginian, Phytolacca Purging Nut, Jatropha
Poley, Mountain, Tcucrium Purging Thorn, Rhamnus
Poley, Grass, byllaum Purple Apple, Annona
Polypody, Polypodium Purslane, Portulaca
Pomegranate, Punka Purslane, Horse, Trianthema
Pompion, Cucurbita Purslane, Sea, Airiphx
Pond-weed, Potamogiton Purslane, Water, Peplis
Pond-weed, Triple-headed, Zan-. Purslane, Tree Sea, Atriplex
nichellia

Poplar, Populus Q
Poppy, Papaver Quamoclit, Ipomcea
Poppy, Horned, Chelidonium Queen of the Meadows, Spima
Poppy, Prickly, Argemonc Queen's July-flower, Hesperis.
Poppy, Spatling, Cucubalus Queen's Violet, Hesperis
Pork, Physic, Phytolacca Quick, Crata-gus
Potatoe, Sohmum Quicken, Sorbus
 TABLE IV. 37 9

Quickbean-tree, Sorbus . Red Whorts, Spanish, Arbutus

Quince-tree, Pj/rus Reddish. See Radish
Quill-wort, Isates lac- Reed, Arundo
Reed, Burr, Sparganium
R Reed, Indian Flowering, Cunna
Radish, Ruphanus Reed Mace, Typha
Radish, Horse, Cochlear ia Rennet, Cheese, Galium
Radish, Water, Sisymbrium Rest Harrow, Ononis
Ragged Robin, Lychnis Rhamnus, Bastard, Hippophac
Ragwort, Common, Seneaio Rhendeer, Lichen ran.
Ragwort, African, Othonna Rhubarb, Rheum
Ragworts, Sundry, of old Au Rhubarb, Monk's, Rumex
triors, Senecio Ribwort, Plantago
Ragworts, Sundry, of old Au- Rice, Oryza
thors, Solidago Ricinus, Bastard, Croion
Rampions, Horned, Phyteuma Roane-tree, Sorbus
Rampions, Crested, Lobelia Robert, Herb, Geranium
Rampions, Common Esculent, Rocambole, Allium
Campanula Rock Germander, Veronica
Rampions with scabious Heads, Rock Rose, Cistus

Jas ion Rocket, Brassica

Ramsons, Allium Rocket, Bastard, Reseda

Ranunculus, Globe, Trollius Rocket, Corn, Bunias
Rape, Brassica Rocket, Marsh, Sisymbrium
Rape, Broom* Orobanche Rocket, Sea, Bunias
Rape, Cole, Brassica Rocket, Square-codded, of Mont-

Rape of Cistus, Asarum pel ier, Bunias

Raspberry, Rubus Rocket, Water, Sisymbrium

Rattle, Pedicular is Rocket, Winter, Sisymbrium
Rattle, Yellow, Rhinanthus Rocket, or Dame's Violet, Hes-
Rattlesnake-Root, Senegaw, Po- peris

lygala Rod, Aaron's, Solidago

Rattlesnake-Root, Dr. Witts's, Rod, Golden, Solidago
Pnnanthes Rod -tree, Golden, Bosea
Rattlesnake- Weed, Eryngium Rod, Shepherd's, Dipsacus

Red bud, Cercis Roe-buck Berries, Rubus sax.

380 TABLE IV.

Root, Indian Arrow, Maranta Rue, Ruta

Root, China, Smilax Rue, Dog's, Scrophularia
Root, False China, Senecio Rue, Goat's, Galega
Root, Fever, Triosteum Rue, Meadow, Thalictrum
Root, Hollow, Adoxa Rue, Wall, Asplenium
Root, Rose, Rhodiola Rue, Wild Syrian, Peganum
Root, Snake, Aristolochia Rupture-wort, Herniaria
Root, Snake, black or wild, of Rupture-wort, Least, Linum
America, Aetata Rush, Juncus
Root, Dr. Witts's Rattlesnake, Rush, Flowering, Butomus
Prenanthes Rush, Lesser flowering, Scheuch-
Root, Senegaw Rattlesnake, Po- zcria

lygala Rush, Round, black-headed,

Root, Sweet, Glycirrhiza Marsh or Bog, Schccnus

Rose, Rosa Rush, Sweet, Acorus.

Rose, China, Hibiscus Rush-grass, Scirpus
Rose, Christmas, Helkborus Ruyschiana, Dracocepkalon
Rose, Corn, Papaver Rye, Secalc
Rose, Gelder, Viburnum Rye, Wild, Hordeum
Rose, Gelderland, Viburnum Rye-grass, Hordeum
Rose, Vi»ginian Gelder, Spircca
Rose, Martinico, Hibiscus S
Rose, Rock, Ctart Saffron, Crocus
Rose of Jericho, Anastatica Saffron, Bastard, Cartlia?nus

Rose Bay, Nerium Saffron, Meadow, Colchicum

Rose Bay Dwarf, RhododendrumSage, Salvia
Rose Bay, Mountain, Rhodo- Sage, Wild, Teucrium
dendrum Sage, Indian Wild, Lantana
RoseBayWillow-herb,E^i/o6i»»i Sage, Wood, Teucrium
Rose Mallow, Alcca Sage of Jerusalem, Pulmonaria
Rose Root, Rhodiola Sage of Jerusalem, Phlomis
Rosemary, Rosemarinus Sage-tree, Phlomis
Rosemary, Poet's, Osyris Saint Bartholomew's Herb, Ilex
Rosemary, Wild, Ledum Saint Bruno's Lily, Hemerocallis

Rosemary, Lesser Wild, Andro- Saint John's Bread, Ceratonia

vieda Saint John's- wort, Hypericum
 TABLE IV. SSI

Saint Peter's-wort, Ascyrum Saunders, Santalum

Saint Peter's-wort, Hypericum Savory, Satureia
Saint Peter's-wort, Shrubby, Savoys, Brassica
Lonicera Saw-wort, Serratula
Saintfoin, Hedysarum Saxifrage, Suxifragu
Sal lad, Corn, Valeriana Saxifrage, Burnet, Pimpinella
Sal-kali, Salicornia Saxifrage, Golden, Chrysosplenium
Sallow, Salix Saxifrage, Meadow, Peucedanum
Salsafy, Tragopogon Scabious, Scabiosa
Salt-wort, Salicornia Scabious, Sheep's, Jasione
Salt-wort, Black, Glaux Scallion, Allium

Samphire, Crithmum Scammony, Syrian, Convolvulus

Samphire, Golden, Inula Scammony of Montpelier, Cy-
Sand-box Tree, Hura nanchum
Sanders. See Saunders Sciatica Cress, the True, Lepi-

Sanicle, Sanicula dium

Sanicle, Saxifraga Sciatica Cress, Iberis

Sanicle, American Bastard, ~Hi- Scorching Fennel, Thapsia

tella S c or p on - grass, Scorpiurus
i

Sanicle, Bear's-ear, Coriusa Scorpion-grass, Mouse-ear, Myo~

Sappadillo-tree, Sloanea sotis

Sapota, Ackras Scorpion Senna, Coronilla

Sapota Mammee, Achras Scorpion's Thorn, U/ex
Saracen's Consound, SoUdago Screw-tree. See Skrew-tree
Saracen's Consound, the True, Scull-cap. See Skull-cap
Senecio Scurvy - grass, Cocli Icaria

Saracen'sWound-wort, Solidago Sea- board, Confhi'a rup.

Saracen's Wound-wort, theTrue, Sea-Weed, Fucus
Senecio Sebesten, Cordia

Sassafras-tree, Laurus Sedum Pyramidal, Sax\fiago

Sassafy. See Salsafy Seed, Heart, Cardiospmnwn.

Satin-flower, Lunaria Segs, Iris pscu.

Satin, White, Lunaria Self-heal, Brunclla

Sauce alone, Erysimum Self-heal, Sanicula

Savin, Juniperus Senna of the Shops, Cassia

Savin-tree, Indian, Bauhinia Senna, Bastard, Cassia
3S2 TABLE IV.

Senna, B>ista»d, Colutea Silk, Virginian, Periploca

Senna, Jointed-podded Bladder, Silver Bush, Anthyllis

Coronilla Silvef-tree, Prosea

Senna, Scorpion, Coronilla Silver-weed, Potentilla

Senna, Wild, Cassia Simpla Nobla, Phyliis
Senegaw Rattlesnake Root, Po- Simpler's Joy, Verbena
lygala Skirret, Siwn
Sengreen, Scmpcrrivum Skull-cap, Scutellaria
Sensitive Plant, Mimosa Skrew-tree, Ihliclercs
Sensitive Plant, Bastard, Escliy- Sloe-tree, Prwuu
nomene Sloke, Ulva
Septfoi!, Tormcnlilla Smallage, Apium
Sermountain, Lascrpitiian Snails, Medicago
Serpent Cucumber, Trtckdsantkes Snail Clover, Jiedicago
Serpent's Tongue, Ophiogiossum Snail Trefoil, Medicago
Service-tree, Sorbtts Snakeweed, Polygonum
Service, Maple-leaved, Cruttz- Snake-root, Aristolockia
gus Snake-root, Black or Wild, of
Service, Wild, Cratagvs America, Aclcea
Setfoil. See Septfoil Snap-tree, Justicia
Setwall. See Zedoary t Snap-dragon, Antirrhinum
Setwall, Garden, Valeriana Sncp-dragon of America, Rutllia
Setter-wort, Helleborus Sneeze-wort, Achillea
Shaddock, Citrus Sneeze-wort,- Austrian, Xeranthe-
Shallot. See Eschalot mum
Shavegrass, Equisctum Snowball-tree, Viburnum
Sheep Scabious, Jasione Snowberry-bush, Lonicera
Shepherd's Needh', Scandix Snowdrop, Galanthus
Shepherd's Pouch, Thlaspi Snowdrop, Greater, Lencojum
Shepherd's Rod, Dipsacus Snowdrop-tree, Chio.iuntltus
Shepherd's Staff, Dipsacus Soap Apple, Sapindus
Shot, Indian, Canna, Soap Berry, Sapi>idus
Shot, Plantain, Qoina Soap- wort, Saponaria
Sickle-wort, Coronilla Soldahel, Soldanella
Side-saddle Flower, Sarractna Soldanel of the Shops, Comcl-
»SUk Cotton-tree, BotnbaM vulus
 TABLE IV. . S8S

Soldier, Water, Stratioles Spider-wort, Great Savoy, He-

Soldier, Fresh Water, Slratiotes merocallis
Soldier's Cullions, Orchis Spider-wort, Virginian, Trades-
Solomon's Seal, Cotiva/laria canlia
Solomon's Seal, Pennsylvanian, Spignel, Athamanta
Uvularia Spignel, Wild, Sestli
Sorgo, Holcus Spike-grass, Winged, Slipa
Sorrel, ftttmex Spikenard, Indian, or True*
Sorrel, Indian Red, Hibiscus Spikenard, Bastard French, Nar-
Sorre l, Indian White, Hibiscus dil s

Sorrel, Wood, Oxulis Spikenard, Celtic, Valeriana

Sorrel-tree, Andromeda Spikenard, False, Lavandula
Sorrowful-tree, Nj/cl.tni/ws Spikenard, Plowman's Baccha-
Sour Gourd, .'Ethiopian, Adan- ris

sonia Spikenard, Plowman's, Covyza

Sour Soap, Annona Spikenard, Wild, Asarum
Southernwood, Artemisia Spinach, Spinacia
South-sea Tea, Ilex Spinach, Strawberrv, Blitum
Sow-bread, Cyclamen Spindle-tree, Ejouj/i/ius
Sowruck, Rumex acet. Spindle-tree, Climbing, Celastrm

Sow Thistle, Sonchus Spindle-tree, Bastard, Ki^geUariu

Sow Thistle, Prenanthes Spindle-tree, Bastard, Cclastrus

Sow Thistle, Downy, Andryala Spiraea Prate:;, Spira-a

Sow Thistle, Tangier, Scorzonera Spiraea, African, Diosma

Sparrow-grass. See Asparagus Spirting Cucumber, Momordicu
Sparrow-wort, Passerina Spleen-wort, Asplenium
Sparrow-wort, Tragus's, Stellera Spleen-wort, Bough, Lonchitis
Spatling Poppy, Cucuba/us Spleen-wort, Rough, Polypodium
Spear-wort, Ranunculus Spoon-wort, Cochlearia
.Speerage. See Asparagus Spunge, Spongia
Speedwell, Veronica Spunge-tree, Fuemcsx

Speedwell, Female, Anlirrhimm Spurge, Euphorbia

Spice Wood, Lauras Spurge, Basin rd, Euphoibia
Spice, All, Myrtus Spurge Laurel, Daphne
Spider-wort, Antlaricum ,
Spurge Olive, Daphne
•Unknown.
 TABLE IV.

Spurrey, Spergula Strawberry, Barren, Fotentilla

Squash, Cucurbita Strawberry, Barren, Fragaria
Squill, Scilla Strawberry Blite, Blitum
Squill, LesserWhite, Pancratium Strawberry Spinach, Blitian
Stall-tree, Celastrus Strawberry-tree, Arbutus
Staff, Shepherd's, Bipsacus Succory, Cichorium
Stag's- horn-tree, Rhus Succory, Gum, Chondrilla

Star of Alexandria, Omithoga- Succory, Wart, Lapsana

lum Sugar Cane, Saccharum
S ar Apple, Chrysophyllum
f Sulphur-wort, Peucedanum
Star of Bethlehem, Ornithogalum Sultan-flower, Centaurea
Star of Constantinople, Omitho- Sumach, Rhus
galum Sumach, Myrtle-leaved, Coriaria
Star Hyacinth, Scilla Sumach, Tanner's or Currier's,

Star of Maoles, Ornithogalum Coriaria

Star Thistle, Centaurea Sundew, Drosera
Star-wort, Aster Sun -flower, Helianthus
Star-wort, B? -tard, Buphthalmum Sun-flower, Bastard, Helenia
Star-wort, Trailing, of Vera- Sun-flower, Dwarf, Rudbeckia
Cruz, Tndax Sun-flower, Dwarf, Tctragono-,
Star-wort, Yellow, Inula theca - v

Star-wort, Yellow, Buphthalmum Sun-flower, Little, Cistus

Staves Acre, Delphinium Sun-flower, Tick-seeded, Core-
Stich-wort, Stellaria apsis

Stink-horns, Phallus Sun-flower, Willow-leaved, He-

Stock, Cheiranthus lenia

Stock July-flower, Cheiranthus Superb Lily, Gloriosa

Stock, Dwarf Annual, Hesperis Swallow- wort, Asclepias
Stock, Virginian, Hesperis Sweet Briar, Rosa
Stone-crop, Sedian Sweet Cicely, Scandix
Stone-crop-tree, Chenopodium Sweet Gum, Liquidambar
Stone Parsley, Bubon Sweet John, Dianthus
Stone Parsley, Bastard, Sison Sweet Root, Glycyrrhiza
Storax-tree, Styrax Sweet Sop, Annona
Storax, Liquid, Liquidambar Sweet Sultan, Centaurea
Strawberry, Fragaria Sweet Weed, Capraria
 TABLE IV. 386

Sweet William, Dianthus Thistle, Golden, Scolymus

Sweet William of Barbadoes, Thistle, Hedge- hog, Cactus
Iponuva Thistle, Holy, Caicus
Swine's Cress, Cochlear ia Thistle, Ladies', Carduus
Sycamore, Ficus Thistle, Melancholy, Carduus
Sycamore, False, Acer Thistle, Melon, Cactus
Syringa, commonly called, Phi- Thistle, Milk, Carduus
ladclphus Thistle, Soft, Carduus
Thistle, Sow, Sonchus
Thistle, Sow, Prenanthes
Tacamahaca, Populus Thistle, Downy Sow, Andryala
Tallow-tree, Croton Thistle, Star, Centaurca
Ta m a r nd -
i 1 r ee, Tama rin dus Thistle, Torch, Cactus
Tamarisk, Tamarix Thistle, Woolly, Onopordon
Tansey, Tanacetum Thongs, Fucus
Tansey, Wild, Potentilla Thorn, Black, Prunus
Tare, Vicia Thorn, Box, Lycium
Taragon, Artemisia Thorn, Christ's, Rltamnus
Tarton-faire, Dap/me Thorn, Egyptian, Mimosa
Tea-tree, T/iea Thorn, Evergreen, Mespilus
Tea, False, Ilex Thorn, Goat's, Astralagus
Tea, New Jersey, Ccanothus Thorn, Lilv, Cateshcea
i
Tea, Oswego, Monarda Thorn, Purging, Rhamnus
Tea, Paraguay, Ilex Thorn, Scorpion's, Ulex
Tea, South -sea, Ilex Thorn, Spanish Hedge-hog, An-
Teasel, Dipsacus thyllis

Tent-wort, Asplenium Thorn, White, Crataegus

Thistle, Carduus Thorn, Apple, Datura
Thistle, Blessed, Cuicus Thorny Plant, Burning, Euphor-

Thistle, Carlinc, Carlina bia

Thistle, Distafr) Atractylis Thorough Wax, Bupleurum

Thistle, Distaffj Carlhamus Three Faces under a Hood, Viola

Thistle, Fish, Cardials Three-leaved Grass, Trifolium

Thistle, Fuller's, Dipsacus Thrift, Statice

Thistle, Gentle, Carduus Throat-wort, Blue umbellifer-

Thistle, Globe, Echinops ous, Trachelium
2C
386 TABLE IV.

Throat-wort, Campanula Trefoil, Shrub, Ptelea

Thyme, Thymus Trefoil, Snail, Medicago
Thyme, Dodder of, Cuscuta Trefoil, Thorny, of Candia, Fa-
Thyme, Mastick, Satureia gonia
Tickseed, Corispermum Trefoil Tree, Cytisus

Tills, Ervum Trefoil. Base-tree, Cytisus

Timothy-grass, Phleum Trinity Herb, Viola
Tinker's Weed, Triostewn Triple Ladies' Traces, Ophryx
Toad Flax, Antirrhinum True-love, Paris
Tohacco, Nicotiana True-love of Canada, Trillium
Tolu-tree, Balsam of, Toluifera Truffles, Lycoperdon tub.

Tomatoes, Solarium Trumpet-flower, Bignonia

Tooth-ach-tree, Zanthoxylum Tuberose, Polyanthes
Tooth-pick, Daucus Tulip, Tulipa
Tooth -wort, Dentaria Tulip, African, Hcemanthes
Tooth-wort, Plumbago Tulip, Chequered, Fritillaria
Torch Thistle, Cactus Tulip-flower, Bignonia
Tormentil, Tormentilla Tulip-tree, Liriodendrum
Touch me not, Impatiens Tulip-tree, Laurel-leaved, Mag-
Touch me not, Momordica nolia

Tower Mustard, Turr'itis Tun-hoof, Gltchoma

Tower Must ird, Bastard, Arabia Tupelo-tree, Nyssa
Tragacanth, Gum, Astragalus Turbith Indian, or of the Shops,
Tragus's Sparrow-wort, Stellera Convolvulus -

Traveller's Joy, Clematis Turbith, Garganic, Thapsia

Treacle Mustard, Clypeola Turkey-feather, Ulva pav.
Treacle Mustard, Tldaspi Turk's Cap, Lilium
Tree Moss, Lichen Turk's Head, Cactus
Trefoil, Trcfo'ium Turk's Turban, Ranunculus
Trefoil, Bean, Cytisus Turnep, Brassica
Trefoil, Stinking Bean, Anagyris Turnep, French, Brassica
Trefoil, Bird's- loot, Loti.s Turmeiick, Curcuma
Trefoil, Marsh, McnyuntJtcs Turnsole, Heliotropium
Trefoil, Moon, Medicago (
Turpentine-tree, Pistacia
Trefoil of Montpelier, Shrub, Tutsan, Hypericum
Lotus Two-pence, Herb, Lysimachia
 TABLE IV. 387

Tway Blade, Ophrys Vetchling, Yellow, Lnthyrus

Twy Blade, Op/uys Viburnum, American, Lantana
Vine, Fit is
V Vine, Black, Tamns
Valerian, Valeriana Vine, Climbing Five-leaved, of
Valerian, Greek, Polemonium Canada, Hedera
Vanilla, or Vaneloe, EptdendrumV'mc, Spanish Arbor, Iponuea
Vernal -grass, Anthoxanihum Vine, White, Bryonia
Venus's Comb, Scandix Violet, Viola
Venus's Looking-glass, Campa- Violet, Bulbous, Galanthus
vula Violet, Calathian, Gentiana
Venus's Navel -wort Cynoglossu m
, V iolet, Dame's, Hesperis
Vervain, Veibena Violet, Dog's Tooth, Erythronium
Vervain Mallow, Malta Violet, Queen's, Hesperis
Vetch, Vicia Violet, Water, Hottonia

Vetch, Ax. See Hatchet Vetch Viper's Buglos, Echium

Vetch, Bitter, Ervion Viper's Crass, Scorzonera
Vetch, Bitter, Orobus Virgin's Bower, Clematis
Vetch, Jointed-podded Bitter, Vitie, Arbor, Thuya
Ervum Vita?, Lignum, Gtiaiacum
Vetch, Chichling, Lathy rus Umbrella-tree, Magnolia
Vetch, Crimson Grass, Lnthyrus
Vetch, Hatchet, Coronilla W
Vetch, Clusius's Foreign Hatchet, Wake Robin, Arum
Biserrula W'all- (lower, Cheiranthus

Vetch, Horse-shoe, Hifrpocrepis Walnut, Juqlans

Vetch, Kidney, Anthytlis Walnut, Jamaica, Hura
Vetch Liquorice, Astragalus Wall-wort, Sambucus
Vetch, Knobbed- rooted Liquor- Wanhoin, Kie/npferia
ice, Glycine Ware-sea, Fucus ves.

Vetch, Milk, Astragalus Wart Succory, Lapsana

Vetch, Bastard Milk, Phaca Wart-wort, Euphorbia
Vetch, Venetian, Orobus Wart-wort, Heliotropium
Vetch, Medic, Hedysarum Wart-wort, Lapsana
Vetchling, Hedysarum Water-leaf, Hydrophyllum
Vetchling, Medic, Hedysarum Water Soldier, Siratiotes

2 C 2
S 85 TABLE IV.

Wayfaring-tree, Viburnum Wind-flower, Anemone

Weld. Reseda Wind-seed, Arctotis
Wheat, Triticum Winged Spiked Grass, Stipa

Wheat, Buck, Polygonum Winter Berry, Prinos

Wheat, Cow, Mylampyrum Winter Bloom, Azalea
Wheat, French, Polygonum Winter Cherry, Physalis
Wheat, Indian, Zea Winter Cherry, Solatium
Wheat, Turkey, Zea Winter Green, Pyrola
Whin, Ulex Winter Green, Ivy-flowering,
Whin, Petty, Ononis Kalmia
Whistles, Sea, Fucus nod. Winter Green, with Chickweed
White Beam-tree, Cratagus Flowers, Trientalis
White, Leaf-tree, Cratagus Winter's Bark, Laurus
White Satin, Lunaria Witch Hazel, Hamamelis
White Wood, Bignonia Witch Hazel, Ulmus
Whitlow Grass, Draba Woad, Isatis

Whitlow Grass, Rue-leaved, Woad, Wild, Reseda

Saxifraga Wolf's Bane, Aconitum
Whortle Berry, Vaccinium Wolf's Bane, Winter, Helleborus
WhorUeBerrv, African, lioye Wolf's Peach, Solatium
Whorts, Black, Vaccinium Woodbind, Lonicera
Whorts, Bog, Vaccinium Woodbind, Spanish, Ipomosa
Whorts, Red, Vaccinium Wood of Life, Guaiacum
Whorts, Spanish Red, Arbutus Wood Anemone, Anemone
VVicken-tree, Sorbus Wood Sorrel, Oralis
Widow Wail, Cneorum Wood roof, Asperula
Willow, Salix Woodwaxen, Genista
Willow, French, Epilobium Worm-grass, Spigelia
Willpw* Spiked, of Theophras- Worm-seed, Clienopodium
tus, Spiraa Wormwood, Artemisia
Willow, Sweet, Myrica Wormwood, Wild, Parthenium
Willow, Herb, Epilobium Wortle, Petroseline, Apium
Willow, Herb, Ly'tltrum Would, Reseda
Wiliow, Herb, Lyaimachia Wound-wort of Achilles, Achillea
Willow Herb, Rosebay, Epilo- Wound-wort, Clown's, Stachys
bium Wound -wort, Saracen's, Solidago
 TABLE IV. 3sy

Wound-wort, Saracen's, the true, Yellow Weed, Reseda

Senecio Yerva Mora, Bosea
Wrack, Fucus Yew Tree, Taxus
Wrack, Grass, Zostera

Zedoary, Round, Kdmpfcria

Yams, Dioscorea Zedoary, Long, Amomum
Yapon, Ilex Zerumbith, Amomum
Yarrow, Achillea
 TABLE V.

THE NAMES OF PLANTS

IN LATIN AND FRENCH.

A
Abies, Sapin Actea, Actee
Ablania, Ablania Adansonia, Adansonier, Baobab
Abroma, Ambrome Adenanthera, Condon
Abnis, Abrus Adenia, Adenia
Acalypha, Ricinelle Adiantum, Adiante, Capillaire
Acanthi, J. Acanthes Adonis, Adonis, Adonide
Acanthus, Acanthe Adoxa, Moschatelle
Acer, Erable /Egilops, Egilope

Accra, Erables JEgopodiuni, Podagraire

Achillea, Achillee JEschinomene, Nelitte
Achras, Sapotillier Msculus, Marronier
Achyranthes, Cadelari JEthusa, iEthuse
Acnida, Acnide Agallochum, La M. Agalloche
Aconitum, Aconit Alisma, Fluteau
Acorns, Acore Allium, Ail
Acotyledoncs, Acotyledons Aloe, Aloes
Acrostichum, Acrostique Alopecurus, Vulpin
 TABLE V. 391

Alpinia, Alpinia Amethystea, Amethystee

Alsine, Morgeline Ammonia, Ammane
Alstonia, Alstonia Ammi, Am mi
Astroemeria, Pelegrine Amomum, Amome
Altluva, Guimauve Amorpha, Amorpha
Alyssum, Alysson, Alysse AmygdahcE, Sous-ordre des
Amanita, Amanite Rosacees de Amandiers
Agaricus, Agaric Amygdalus, Amandier
Agathophyllum, Raven-tsara Amyris, Balsamier
Agave, Agave Anacardium, Anacarde
Ageratum, Agerate Anacyclus, Anacycle
Aggregates, Aggregees A'ui^allis, Mouron
Agrimonia, Aigremoine Aaagyris, Anagyris, Bois puant
Agi ostein ma, A g r oste m ma Anas'atiea, Jerose
Agrostis, Agrostis Anavinga, Anaringa
Agyneja, Agynei Anchusa, Buglose
Aira, Canche Ancistrum, Ancistrum
Ajuga, Bugle Atydrachne, Andrachne
Aizoon, Aizoon, ou Lanquette Andromeda, Andromede
Albuca, Albuca Andropogon, Barbon
Alcea, Alcee Androsace, Androsace
Akhimilla, Alchimille ou Pied- Androscemum, Voyez. Hyperi-
de-Lion cum
Aldrovanda, Aldrovaude Andryala, Andryale
Aletris, Aletris Anemtme, Anemone
Alga, Algues Anethum, Aneth
Amaranthi, Amaranthes Angelica, Angelique

Amaran th us, A m a ran th e Anguillaria, Gaertn. Badida. J.

Amaryllis, Amaryllis Angniiiaire. V. Badula

Amasonia, Amasone, Ama- Anguria, Angourie
sonie Aniba, Aniba
Ambora, Tamboul Anomalai, T. Anomales

Ambmsia, Ambrosie Anona, Anone, Corossol

Amelias, Amelle Anorrce, Anones
Amentaceie, Amentacees Anthetnis, Cainomille

Amentacea: ('Arbores , Arbres, a Anthericum, Antheric

Chaton, ou Amentaces Ant/ioceros, Ancthocere
392 TABLE V.

Antholyza, Antholyze Aro'idca; J. Aroides

Author anthum, Flouve Artedia, Artedie

An thy His, Anthyllide Artemisia, Armoise

Antidesma, Antidesma Artocarpus, Jaquier
Antirrhinum, Mufflier Arum, Arum, Gouet
Apactis, Apactis Arioido, Roseau
Apetalce (Arborcs), Arbres Arm um, Asaret, Cabaret

Ape tales Aicarina, Ascarine

Aphanes, Aphanes, Percepier Asclepias, Asclepiade

Aphyteia, Aphytee Atcyrum, Ascyre

Apium, Persil Aspalathus, Aspalat „ ,

Apluda, Aplude Asparagi J. Asperges

Apocynecc, Apocinees Asparagus, Asperge
Apocinum, Apocin, ou Apocyn Asperifolice, Apresfeuilles
Aponogeton, Aponoget Aspentgo, Rapette
Aquilaria, Aquilaria, Garo Aspemla, Asperule
Aquilegia, Ancolie Asphodeli J. Asphodeles
Aquilicia, Aquilice Asphodelus, Asphodele
Arabis, Arabette Azpleniiim, Doradille

Arachis, Arachide Assonia, Assonia

Aralia, Aralie Aster, Astere

Ar alios, Aralies Astragalus, Astragale

^rflwcc7;7a,Araucaria,Pin duChili Astrantia, Astrance

Arbustira, Arbustives Astronium, Astronium
Arbutus, Arbousier A th a vian th a, A h am an
t t hr
Arctium, Bardane Athanasia, Athanasie
Arctotis, Aretotide Alractylis, Alractylide
Areca, Arec ou Areque Atragene, A tr a gene
A re nar ia, Sab line Atriplices J. Arroches
Argemone, Argemone Airiplex, Arroche
Aristida, Aristide Atropa, Belladone

Arisioloch ia, Ar istoloch Avena, Avoinc

Aristolochi(V, Aristoloches Avcrrhou, Carambolier
Aristotelia, Ma qui du Chili Aurantia J. Orangers
Armeniaca, Abricotier Auricidaria, Auriculaire

Arnica, Arnica Axyris, Axyris

 TABLE V.

Ayenia, Ayenia Bignonitr, Bignones

Aylantus, Langit BiscuteHa, Luneliere
Aytonia, Alton Bisserula, Double-scie

Azalea, Azalee Bixa, Kocou

Azima, Azima Blahdia, Blahdia
Blasia, Blasie

B Blec/inurn, Bleigne
Baccharis, Bacchante Blittum, Blete ou Blite

Badula, Bois de pintade Bobart'ui, Bobarte

Balanopliora, Balanophore Bocconia, Boccone
Balloia, Ballote Boehmeria, Boehmer
Balsimina, Balsamine Boerhaavia, Boerhavie
Ballimora, Baltimore Boletus, Bolet

Banisteria, Banisteria Bombax, Fromager

Barbula (Hedw.) Borbonia, Borbonia
Barbylus, Barbyl Borraginecc, Borraginees
Barlcria, Barreliere^ Borrago,. Bourrache
Bamadesia, Barnadez Brabetum, Brabei
Bartramia (FJedw.) Brassica, Chou
Basel la, Basel le Briza, Amourette
Basilaa, Basilee Bromelia, Ananas
Bassia, Blipe Bromelice, Ananas
Bassovia, Bassove Brotnus, Brome
Baiis, Batis Broxvallia, Broualle

Bauhinia, Bauhinia ou Bauhin Broumcea, Brounea

Begonia, Begone Brunella, Brunei le

Bellis, Paquerette Brunia, Brunia

Bellurm, Bellium Bryonia, Bryone
Berberides, Vinettiers Bryum, Bry
Berberis, Vinettier Bubon, Bubone
Beta, Bette Bucida, Grignon
Betonica, rSetoine Jiudleui, Budleje
Betula, Bouleau Bufonia, Buflbne
Bicomes, Bicornees Bugida, Bugle
Bidens, Bident Bulbocodium, Bulbocode
Bignonia, Bignone Hamas. Voyez Cameline
394 TABLE V.

Bunium, Terre-Noix Canarium, Canari

Buphtalmum, Buphtalme Candelares, L
Buplevnm, Buplevre Canna, Balisier
Burmannia, Burmanne Cannabis, Chanvre
Butomus, Butome Cannae, Balisiers

Butonica, Butonic Cantharellus, Chanterelle

Buxbaumia, Buxbaume Cantua, Cantu

Buxus, Buis Capitatce, Capitees

Bysms, Byssus, Byssa Capparides, Capriers
Capparis, Caprier

C Capraria, Capraire
Cacalia, Cacnlie Cuprifolia, Chevrefeuilles

Cachrys, Annarinthe Caprifolium, Chevrefeuille

Cacti, Cactiers Capsicum, Pi merit

Cactus, Cactier Capura, Capura
C&salpina, Bresillet Caragana, Caragan
Calamus. Voyez Acorus Cardipa, Carai'pa
Calceolaria, Calceolaire Cardamine, Cresson
Calcitrapa, Chausse-Trape Cardiospermum, Corinde
Calea, Calea Carduus, Chardon
Calendula, Souci Car ex, Carex, Caret, Laiche
Calinea, Calinea Carlina, Carline

Calla, Calle, Chou-calle Carj)esivm, Carpese

Callitriche, Callitrique Carpinus, Charme
Calodendrum, 'Calodendrum Carthu?nus, Carthame
Calophylhmi, Calaba Carutn, Carvi
Caltha, Populage Caryocar, Caryocar
Calycantherha, Calycanthemes Caryophyllea, Caryophyllees
Calycanthus, Calycanth Caryophyllus, Girofflier
Cambogia, Cambogier, Guttier Cassine, Cassine
Cameraria, Camerier Cassuvium, Acajou
Campanaccx, Campanacees Cassytha, Cassythe
Campaniformes, Campani- Casuarina, Filao
formes Catalpa. Voyez Bignone-
Campanula, Campanule Catanance, Cupidone
Campanula-, Campanules Cat ha, Catha
 T; & V. 3CJ5

Catimbium, Catimban Chrysanthemum, Chrysantheme

Catonia, Catonia Crysocoma, Chrvsocome
Caucalis, Caucalide Chiysophyllum, Caim il ier
Ceanothus, Ceanothus Chrysosplenium, Dorine
Cecropia, Coulekiu Ciathea, Smith
Cedrda, Codrel Cicer, Ciche, Pois-ciche oil

Celastrus, Celastre Pois-chiche

Cclosia, 'Passe -velours Cichwacea, Chicoracees
Celtis, Micocoulier Chichovium, Chicoree
Ctnchrus, Racle Ciaita, Cigue
Centaurea, Centauree Cicutaria, Cicutaire

Centunculus, Centenille Cimicifuga, Cimicaire

Ceodes, Ceodes Chinchona, Quinquina
Cephalaiit/tiLi Cephalant Cinara, Artichaut
Cerastium, Ceraiste Cinarocephalce, Cinarocephales>
Cerasus, Cerisier Cineraria, Cineraire

Ceratonia, Caroubier Cinna, Cinna

Ceratophyllum, Cornifle Circaia, Circee
Ccrbera, Ahouai' Cissampelos, Cissampelos

Cercis, Gainier Cissvs, Cissus, Achet

Cercodea, Cere ode a Cisti, Cistes

Cerinthe, Mel 'met Cistus, Ciste

Cestrnm, Cestreau Citrus, Citronier

Chcerophyllum, Cerfeuil Clathrus, C lath re

Chamcerops, Palmier-even-tail Clavaria, Clavaire

Chora, Charagne Clausena, Clausena

Cheiranthus, Girofflee Clematis, Clematite

Chelidonium, Chelidoine Cleome, Mozambe

Chelone, Galane Clcthra, Clethra

Ci'/enopodium, Chenopode, /An- Cleyera, Cleyera

serine Clibadiuin, Clibade

Chionanthus — Cliffortia, Cliffort

C/tironia, Cherone Clinopodium, Clinopodr

Chloranthus, Chloranthus ouNi- Ciitoria, Clitorie

grine Clusia, Clusia

Chondvilla, Chondrille Chain, Clutia

I
996 TABLE V;

Clypeola, Clypeole- Coreopsis, Coreope

Cneoruni, Camel ee Coriandrum, Coriandie
Cnestis, Cnestis Coriaria, Corroyer
Cnicus, Cnique Cornus, Cornouiller
Coadunata, Connees Coronarice, Coronaires
Colloloba, Raisiuier Coronilla, Coronille

Coclilearia, Cochlearia, Vansone Corrigiola, Corrigiole

Cocos, Coco Corydalcs, Corydales

Codon, Cotlon Corylus, Coudrier

Cccnopteris, Berg Corymbifcne, Corj mbiferes

j

Coffea, CafFeyer Corymbium, Corymbiole

Coir, Larme do Job Corypha, Coiypha
Colchicum, Colchique Coryspermum, Corysperme
Coldeuia, Coldene Costus, Costus

Columniftrce, Columniferes Cotula, Cotule

Coluteu, Baguenaudier Cotyledon, Cotyledone, Coty-

Comarum, Comaret lette

Combrctum, Combretum Coutarea, Coularea

Cometcs, Comete 0
< Crambe, Crambe
Commelina, Commeline Crassula, Crassule

Commersonia, Commerson Crataegus, Alisier

Composite (fiores), Compo- Crcpis, Crepide

sees Crescaitia, Calebassier

Conferva, Conforve Crinodendrum, Crinodendron,

Conifem, Conifercs Patagna
Conium, Conium Crinum, Crinole-
Connarus, Connas Crithmum, Criste, Bacille
Conocarpus, Manglier Crocus, Crocuse
Contortcc, Contournees Crossostylis, Crostyle
Convullaria, Muguet Crotalaria, Crotalaire

Conrolruii, Liserons Croton, Croton

Convolvulus, Liseron Crucianella, Crucianelle

Conyza, Conyse Crucifera, Cruciferes
Copaifera, Copaier Cmpina, Adans. Serratula (il
j
Corcliorus, Corete aussi une Centaurea crupina)
Cordia, Sebcstier Voyez SeiratuUc-
 TABLE V. 397

Cucubcdus, Cucubale Damasonium, J. Alisma DamasQ-

Cucumis, Concombre nium, L. V. Alisma
Cucurbita, Courge Daphne, Laureole. (Laureol.)
Cucurbit acea, Cucurbitacees Darea, Daree
Culminece, Culminees Datisca, Cannabine
Cuminum, Cumin Datura, Datura
Cupania, Cupani Daucus, Carotte
Cupressus, Cypres Davallia, Smith...
Curcuma, Curcuma Delphinium, Dauphinelle, Pied
Cuscuta, Cuscute d'Alouette
Cussonia, Cussonia Dcntaria, Dentaire
Cyanila, Cyanelle Denudatce, Nues ou Depouil-
Cyanus, Ambrette lees

Cj/athus. ..Reuni aux Pezize par Deutzia, Deutz

Bulliard Dialium, Diali
Cycas, Cycas Dianella, Dianelle
Cyclamen, Cyclame Dianthcra, Dianthera
Cydonia, Coignassier Dianthus, GEiilet
Cymosae, Cimoi'des Diapensia, Diapenze
Cynanchum, Cynanch Dichondra, Dichondre
Cynoglos-mm, Cynoglosse Dicksonia, L'Herit, Smith...

Cynometra, Cynometra Dicranum, Hew, Bridel...

Cynomorium, Cvnomoire Dicotyledones, Dicotyledons

Cynosurus, Cretelle Dictamnus, Dictamne

Cyperoidea:, Cyperoides ou Didelta, Didelta (Dideltoide)

Souchets Didymodon, Hedw. Brid....

Cyperus, Souchet, Souchette Diervilla, Diervilla

Cypripedium, Sabot, Sabotine Digitalis, Digitale

Cytinus, Cytinel Dillenia, Dillen

Cytisus, Cytise Dionaa, Dionee

Dioscorea, Dioscoree, Igname
D Diosma, Diosma
Dactylis, Dactyle Diospyros, Plaqueminier

Dalbergia, Dalberg Dipsacea;. Dipsacees

Dale a, Dalee Dipsacus, Cardere

59S TABLE V.

Dirca, Dirca Embelia, Embelia

Dol'er-a, Cobera Emboli riii m ,
i E m bo t h r u m
i

Dodartia, Dodarte Empetrum, Camarine (Empe-

Dodecathcon, Dodecatheone trum).
Giroselle Encelia, Encelie

Dodonoea, D^donea Enwtce, Gladiees

Dolichos, Dolique Ephedra, Ephedra
Doliocarpus, Doiiocarpus Epide'idrum, Epidendrone
Dombeya, Dombey Epilobium, Epilobe
JDoraena, Dorena Efvnedium, Epimede
Doronicum, Doronic (Doronique), Eauisetum, Prele
Dorsteniu, Dorstene Erharta, Erharte

Draba, Drave Erica, Bruyere (Erica).

Draccena, Sang-Dragon Eriae, Bnij eres

Dracocephalum, Dracocephale, Erigeron, Vergerolle
Moldavique Eriocaulon, Joncinelle
Dracontium, Draconte Eriocephahts, Eriocephale, (Eri-
Drosera, Rossolis (Drosere). ocephal)
Drupacece, Drupacees Erioph orn m, Li n a g re tte
i

Dry and'ra, Dry and ra Ervum, Erg, (Erse)

Dryas, Dry ad e Eryngimn, Panicaut, (Panicaude)
Dumosce, Buissonees Erysimum, Velar, (Velare)
Erysimum —
E Erythnna, Erythrina
Echinops, Echinops Erythronium, Erythronium, Ery-
Echites, Echites throne
Echium, Viperine Erythroxylum, Erythroxylon
Ehretia, Cabrillet Eucka, Euclea
Elaagni, Chalefs Eugenia, Eugenia, Sambosier
Elceagnus, Chalet' Eupatorium, Eupatoire
Eheocarpus, Eleocarpus Euphorbia, Euphorbe
Elatcrium, J. Mo?nordiva Elatc- Euphorbicc, Euphorbes

rium, L. Voy. Momordica Euphrasia,Euph raise

Elatine, Elatine Eurya, Eurya
Elymus, Elyme Evea, Eve a
 TABLE V. 399

Evolvulus, Liseret Fucus , Fucus

Evonymus, Fusian Fngot>ia 9 Fugosie
Fumaria, Fumeterre.
F Fungi, Champignons
Faba J. Vicia, Faba L. Voy. Vicia
Fasrara. Faf ara Vx
Fa<ronia. Facrnnp xTuuiHiit «o, v i tuaniiiit?

Fagus, H£tre
Fcrvaria, Ferraree
Ferula, Ferule /V rt i Ptyy si
VTCUC/tiltj I *
VJrtl ' 1 1 1
ft
1 » 11
lit.
»

Festuca. Ff'stiinnp hoi'

w(i (/CUIJoCoy l^o lpAnn
V¥clI"l#Ui5

Fcvillefl*
i. n. nii.iij Ill pp
Fevill til Hi
; i U K
r^anrlirnhp i 1 1
(J/i iti/it
VT'* ] ili/y/i
ay v o inipi«
d l iluc i
I

Xrt '){%
11. nv)n
til Lily f\/i?)'}jiif>jjlijc
X\,U/l(l/lt,UlU!H ////(>
JlCdJ i ft
iCl y
(_,,//ii/i|i
XTttllillffly I _ r\ i nt
VjraiUct 1 1 1

\l
i c\\T vji Ac ftviii ns*n in
JXlCflUrtCltt t>
«•> vrrt/ cinut, .viangousian
KTlu cut tidy VJiiriUvriltJ

FlCUS Fiornipr

F) 1 ncrn PnfnniP ro Gcnipu » Ge n p ay c i

F / riff?
1
Fnn rrp r*»c Genistdy Oenest
c tifrM / City Fin
*FlflVfllfirin
fir ctpI Im Ir*»
A ItlciClicHIc

\jrC/Ul(ln(c 9 VjeilllfincS

VpialHc?' ci ireojjicca, Vreoiirea

lo 1 1 )v T\i fV 1 1 1 o yJCTUnilU, VJcrdlllcS

\JTLI tltl'.Ufll, ' • l 1 '

1 .
' M i 1 , VTCi time

I (Uoi'UfiUdC [ ills/ Co J y X HJoi-LlltLioCo (-rpmTtfMTnn' ^I'lYinMirnili*

Fnntinnl)\ Font innlp (iptfnillis

\JLlItytl(>Jn filpthvl
\S* V lirlp
\ I I 1 1 1 1 I 1 1^

r*iOrvAY/ //v/ F^r^L" n fp (l-')jm

Kjciif/i, Mpnnifp
J'ilium,
tinrvtpr
jrt// ft
dccrity o
ThV-v t*cT
rvi McrtJ # /»vi?* 7.OAm n
\?CZUH!U, 1iieouiii
1 1 //

Fothergilkiy Fothergilla Glabraria, Glabraria

Fragaria, Fraisier Gladiolus, Glayeul
Frankeniciy Franckene Glaucium, (ilaucienne
Fraxinusy Fresne Glaux, Glauce
FritiUaria, Fritillaire Glecoma, Glecome
Glcditsia, Fevier

(P antes a)1
Glinus, Glinole
Fuchsia, Fuchsie G/oWa, Globba
Fuci, Fucus (les), Sous-ord Glolmlaria, Globulaire
400 TABLE V.

Glochidion, Glochidion Helicteres, Helicteres

Gluta, Gluta Heliocurpus, Ileliocarpe

Glycine, Glycine He!iotr opium, Heliotrope

Glycyrrhiza, Reglisse Helleborus, Hellebore

Gnaphalium, Gnaphale HJonias, Helonias

Gnidia, Guidienne Helvdlu, Helvele
Gomph. rata, At nara nth ne i Hemerocallis, Hemerocalle

Gonocurpus, Gonx-arpe Hemionitis, Hemionite

Gossypium, Cotonier Hepaticce, Hepatiqucs
Gruminx, Graminees Hericius, Urchin
Gratiola, Gratiole Hcnnannia, Hermannia
Greuoia, Grewia, Greuvier Her mas, Hennas
Gronovia, Gronove Hernandia, Hernandia
Gua'iac in, t, Plaqueminiers Herniaricii Hcrniole

Guaiacum, Gayac Hespcrideo:, Hesperidees

Guettarda, Guettard Hespcris, Julienne

Guilandina, Bonduc Hibiscus, Ketmie

Gundelia, Gondele Hieracium, Eperviere
Gunnera, Gunnere Hippiu, Hippia
Guttiferce, Gutticrs Hippocratea, Bejuco
Gypsophylo, Gypsophyle Hippocrep is, H
p poc re p d e
i i

Hippomane, Mancenillier
H Hippomanica, Hippomanique
Ha'manihns, Haemanthe Hippophae, Argousier
Hamatoxylum, Campeche Hippuris, Pesse
Hamamelis, Hamamelis Hirtclla, Hirtelle

Hamelia, Hamelia Holcus, Houque

Hedera, Lierre Holcraceee Oleracees ou Pota
Hedycaria, Hedycaria geres
Hedyotis, Medyotis Holostcum, Holostee
Hedypnois, Hedypno'ide Homulium, Homali, Acomat
Hedysarum, Sain-Foin Hordeum, Orge
Helmium, Helenie Hottonia, Hottone, Plumeau
Hclianthemum, H el i an th e me Houtluynia, Mouttuynie
Heliantkus, Helianthe Humulus, Houblou
Hcliconia, Bihai Hura, Sablier
 TABLE V. 401

Hyacinthus, Jacinths Irides. J. Iris

Hydnum, Hydne Iris, Iris

Hydrastis, Hydrastis Isatis, Pastel

Hydrocharidcs. Morrenes Isnar dia, Isnarde
Hydrucharis, Morrene Isoetes, Isote

Hydrocotyle, Hydrocotyle Itea, Itea

Hydrophylax, Hydrophylax Iva, Iva

Hymenea, Courbaril Ixia, Ixie

Hyobanchc, Hyobanche Ixora, Ixora

Hyosciamus, Jusquiame
Hyoseris, Hyoseride J
Hypecoum, Hypecoou Jacaranda, Jacaranda
Hyperica. Millepertuis Jacea, Jacee
Hypericum, Millepertuis Jusionc, Jasione

Hypnum, Hypne Jasminecc. Jasminees

Hypochtcris, Hypochaeride Jasminum, Jasmin

Hypoxis, Hypoxis Jatropha, Jatropha, Mediciniev
Hypoxylum, Hypoxylon Juglans, Noyer
Hyssopus, Hyssope Juncago. Voy. Triglochine
Junci. Jones

I Juncus, Jonc

Iberis, Iberide Jungermannia, Jongermanne

Icica, Iciquier Juniperus, Genevrier

Ilex, Houx Jussicea, Jussiene

Illecebrum, Illecebrum Justilia, Carmantine

Illicium, Badiane
Imbricaria, Imbricaria, Bois K
Natte Kampferia, Zedoaire
Imperatoria, Imperatoire Kalmia, Kalmia

Impsrialis, Imperiale Kiggellaria, Ki ggel 1 ar i a

Indigo/era, Indigotier Kleinhovia, Klein ho via

Infundibuliformes. lnfundibu- Kcenigiu, Keenige

liformes Koelrenter a, I led w. . .

Inula, Inule, Annee Krameria, Kramer

Inundatcc, Inondees Kuhnia, Kuhnie

Ipomoca, Ipomee, Quaipoclit

2 I>
 402 TABLE V.

r * T * * 1
L Ligusticum, Juvecne
Labiata; Labiees Ligustricum, Troene
Lactuca, Laitue Lilac, Syrhiga. Voyez Syringn
Lagerstromia, Lagerstromia Lilia, Lis

Lagetta, Lagetto Liliacex, Liliacees

Lagoecia, Lagoecie Li Hum, Lis
Lamium, Lamier Limeum, Limeole
Lampsana, Lampsane Limonia, Limonellier
Lantana, Lantana, Carnara Limosella, Limoselle
Laserpitium, Laser Linaria, Linaire
Laiania, Latanier Linnaa, Linnee
Lathraa, Clandestine Linum, Lin
hathyrus, Gesse Liparia, Lipari

Lavandula, Lavande Liquidambar, Liquidambar

Lavatera, Lavatere Liriodendrum, Tufipier
Lauri, Lauriers Lithospermum, Gremil
Laurus, Laurier Littorella, Litorelle
Lausonia, Lausonia, Henne lobelia, Lobelie

Lecheu, Lechea Loliunt, Ivroie

Lecythis, Lecythis, Quatclo Lomentacecr, Lomentacees

Ledum, Lede Lonchitis, Lonchite
Leea, Lee a Lonicera, Chevrefeuille
Lecrsia, Hedw Lontarus, Lontar
Leguminosie, Lcgum metises L.ophunthus, Lophantlre
Lemma. Voyez Marsilea Loranthus, Loranthe
Lenticula, Lenticule, Canillee Lotus, Lotier
Leonlice, Leontice Lunaria, Lunaire
Leontodon, Leontodon Liondent Lupinus, Lupin
Leonurus, Agripaume Lurida, Livides
Lepidium, PSsse-rage Lychnis, Lychnide
Lepra, Lepre Lycium, Lyciet
Lerchea, Lerchea Lycoperdon, Lycoperdon, Vesse-
Leskia, Hedvv.... Loup
Leucoium, Niveole Lycopodium, Lycopode
Leysera, Leysera ou Leyser Licopsis, Lycopside
Lichen, Lichen Lycopus, Lycope
 TABLE V. •106

Lyceum, Alvarde Melastoma; Melastoraes

Lysimachia, Lysimaque Melia, Azedai#ch
Lysimachia, Lysimachies Melia, Azedarachs
Lythrum, Salicairc Melianthus, Melianthe
Melica, Melique
M Melicope, Melicope
Mala, Maba Melkytus, Melicyte
Mwrua, Moerua Melilotus, Trifoliutn, Melilutus,
Magnolia, Magnolier Melilot
Magnolia, Magnoliers Melissa, Melisse
Mahurea, Mahure Melittis, Melitte, Melissot

Malachra, Malacre Melochia, Melochia

Malope, Malope Melothria, Melothrie
Malpighia, Malpighi Mmisperma, Menispermes
Malpighix, Malpiglnes Jlenispermum, Menisperme
Malva, Mauve Mentha, Menthe
Malvaceae, Malvacees Mentzelia, Mentzelie
Malus, Pommier Menyanthcs, Menyanthe
Mandragora, Atropa Mandrago- Mercurialis, Mercuriale
ra, Mandragore. Voy. Atropa Merulius, Merule (Champ.)
Maranta, Galanga Meryta, Meryta
Marattia, Smith, Maratte Mespilus, Neflier

Marchantia, Hepatique Mesembryanthemum, Ficoi'de

Margaritaria, Margaritaire Messerschmidia, Arguze

Marrubium, Marrube Methonica, Methonique
Marsilea, Marsile Micropus, Micrope
Martynia, Cornaret, Bicorne Milium, Mil
Massonia, Massione Milleria, Millerie

Matricaria, Matricaire Mimosu, Mimosa, Acacie

Meborea, Me bore Mimusops, Mimusops
Medeola, Medeole Mirabilis, Nictage

Medicago, Luserne Mitchella, Mitchelle

Meesia, Hedw. Mitella, Mitelle

Melaleuca, Melaleuca Mniarum, Mniarum

Melampyrum, Melampyre Mniwn, Mnie
Melastoma, Melastome Molucella, Molucelle
2 D 2
\

J
404 TABLli V.

Mollugo, Mollugine N
Momordica, Momordique Naides, Naiades
Monopetala (Arbores), Arbres Na'ias, Na'iade

Monopetales Nandina, Nandina

Monniera, Monniere Napaa, Napee
Monocotykdones, Monocotyle- Narcissi, Narcisses
dons Narcissus, Narcisse

Monotropu, Mo not rope Nardus, Nard

Monsonia, Monsone Nastus, Nastus

Montia, Montie Neckcra, Hedw.

Morinda, Royoc Nehnnbium, Nymphcea, Nchanbo,
Moringa, Moringa, Ben. Nelumbo
Morns, Murier Nepenthes, Nepenthe
Moscharia, Moscaire Ncpeta, Cataire
Mourera, Mourere Nephelium, Nephelie
Moutabea, Moutabea Nerium, Nerion, Laur-Rose
Mucor, Mucor, Moisissure Nevrada, Nevrade
Multisiliquosa, Ma 1 t isil iqueuses Nicotiana, Nicotiane, Tabac
Munch mis in, Munchausia Nidularia, Nidulaire, Bull
Muricatcr, Muriquees Nigella, Nigelle

Musa, Bananier Nip a, Nipa

Musa:, Bananiers Nitraria, Nit r aire

Musci, Mousses Nolana, Nolane

Mutisia, Mutis Nucanfetttacee, Nucamentacees
Myagrum, Camelinc Nyctagincs, Nyctages
Myosotis, Scorpionne Nyctago, Nyctage
Myosurus, Myosure Nycianthcs, Nyctanthe
Myrica, Gale Nymphcea, Nenuphar
Myriopliyllum, Myriofle
Myriotheca, Myriotheque O
Myristica, Muscadier OLolaria, Obolaire

Myrosma, Myrosme Ochrosia, Ochrosia, Boisjaune

Myroxylnm ,
My rosy Ion Ocimum, Basilic
Myrsine, Myrsine Ocloblephanim, Hedw.....
Myrti, Myrthes Ociospora, Hedw....
Myrtus, Myrlhe Ocdcra, Oeder
 TABLE V. 403

(E/ianthe, (Enanthe Paliurus, Paliure

(Enothera, Onagre Pabnce, Palmiers
Olax, Olax Panax, Gin-seng
Olca, Olivier Pancratium, Pancrais
Olyra, Olyre Pandanus, Baquois
Omphalea, Omphalea Panicum, Panic
Onagrece, Onagres Papaver, Pavot
Onoclea, Onoclee Papuveracea, Papaveracte .

Ononis, Bugrane Papaya, Papayer

Onopordum, Onoporde Papilionacece, Papilionacees
Ophioglossum, Op li ioglosse Papilionacece (Arborcs) Arbres

Opkryse, Ophr\-se Papilionaces

Oppositi-fol'uv, Composers a Pariana, Pariane
Feuilles opposees Purictaria, Parietaire
Orchidecc, Orchidees Paris, Parisette
Orchis, Orchis Parnassia, Pamassie
Origanum, Origan PartJtcniitm, Parthene
Orixa, Orixa Pa spa 1 urn, Paspale
Ornithogalum, Ornithogale Passer ina, Passerine
Ornithopus, Ornithope, Pied- Passiflora, Grenadille

d'Oiseau Pastinaca, Panais

Orobanche, Orobanche Paullinia, Paullinia

Orobus, Orobe Pavonia, Pavonia

Orontium, Oronce Puyrola, Payrola
Orthotricum, Hedw. . . Pedicular es, Pediculaires
Oryza, Riz Pedicularis, Pediculaire

Osbeckia, Osbeckie Peganum, Harmale

Osmunda, Osmonde Pekea, Pekea
Osyris, Rouvet Peltigera....

Ouratea, Ouratea Pencea, Penea

Ourisia, Ourisie Pennantia, Pennantia

Oxalis, Oxalide Pentapctes, Pentapetes

Penthorum, Penthore
P Peplis, Peplide

Pachira, Pachira Perebea, Perebea

Poeonia, Pivoinc Perforata!, Perforees
406 TABLE V.

Pcrilla, PeriHe Pisonia, Pisonia

Periploca, PeriploSa Pistacia, Pistachier

Personate, Personies Pistia, Pistie

Pctiveria, Petiverie Pisum, Pois

Peucedanum, Peucedanum Plantagines, Plantains

Pcziza, Pezize Plantago, Plantain

Phaca, Phace Platanus, Platane
Phalaris, Alpiste Plegorhiza, Guaicura

Phalangium, Phalangere Plumbagines, Dentelaires

Phallus, Morille Plumbago, Dentelaire
Phamaceum, Pharnace Plumeria, Frangipanier

Pfaarus, Pharelle Poa, Paturin

Phascum, Phasque Podophyllum, Podophylle
Phaseolus, Haricot Pohlia, Hedw.
Phellandrium, Phellandrc Poinciana, Poincillade
Philadelphus, Syringa Polemonia, Polemoines
Phkum, Fleole Polemonium, Polemoine
Phlo?nis, Phi omit! e Polianthes,Tube reuse
Phlox, Phloxe Polycnemum, Polycneme
Phcenix, Dattier Polygala, Polygale
Phormiwn, Phormion Polygoneee, Polygonees
Phylica, Pliylica Polygonwii, Renouee
Phyllachne, Phyllachne Pulymnia, Polymnie
Phyllanthus, Phyllanthe Polypodium, Polypode
Phyllirea, Phyllirea ou Filaria Polytrichum, Polytric
Physalis, Coqueret Pomacece, Pomacees
Phytolacca, Phytolacca Id. Sous-ordre des Rosacees de
Picris, Picride J. Pommiers
Pihilaria, Pilulaire Ponnnerculla, Pommtreulle
Pimpinclla, Pimprene.lle (Om Poitgatium, Pongati
bellif), Boucage Pontedcria, Pontederie
Pinguicula, Grassette Populus, Peuplier
Finns, Pin P or ana, Porana
Piper, Poivre Porella. . .

Piperita:, Poivrees Pnrtulaca, Pourpier

Piscidia, Piscidia Portulacca, Portulacees
 TABLE V. 407

R
Pot alia, Potalie Radiati (Horcs), Radiees
Potamogeton, Potamot Rajania, Rajania
Potent illce, Sous-ordre do Rosa Ranunculacex, Renonculacees
cees de J. Potentilles Ranunculus, Renoncule
Potentitta, Potentille Raphanus, Radis ou Raifort i

Poterium, Pimprenelle Raputia, Raputier

Pothos, Pothos Ravenala, Ravenal
Previa*, Precoces Reseda, Reseda
Primula, Primule Restio, Restion

Proekiaj, Sous-ordre des Rosa- Reticukiria, Reticulaire

cees de J. Prockies Rhwades, Rheades
Provkia, Prockia Rliagadiolus, Rhagadiole

Proserpinava, Proserpine Rhamni, Nepruns

Protea, Protee Rhamnus, Nerprun
Protecc, Protees Rhupontivum, Rhapontic
Primus, Prunier Rheum, Rhubarbe
Psidium, Goyavter Rhexia, Rhexie

Psoralea, Psorale Rhinanthus, Cocrete

Psyllium, Pulicaire Rhizobolus, Gaertn....

Ptelea, Ptelea Rhizophora, Paletuvier

Pterigynandrum, Hedvv.... Rhododcndra, Rosages

Ptcris, Pteride Rhododcndrum, Rosage
Ptcrocarpus, Pterocarpe Rhus, Sumac
Pulmonaria, Pulmonaire Ribes, Groseiller

Punka, Grenadier Riccia, Riccie

Putaminece. Ricinus, Ricin

Pyrola, Pyrole Ricotia, Ricotie

Pyrus, Poirier Robinia, Robinia

Ropourea, Ropourea

Q Roridula, Roridula

Qualea, Quale a Rosa, Sous-ordre des Rosacces

Quassia, Quassia de Rosiers
£uercus, Chene Rosa, Rosier

Qtdllafa, Quilla'i Rosaccce, Rosacees

408 TABLE V.

Rosacea: (Arbores), Arbres Ro- Sanguisorbcc, Sous-ordre des Ro-

saces sacees de J. Les Pimprenelles

Rosmarinus, Romarin . ou Sanguisorbes

Rotate?, Plantes a flcur en Roue Sanguisorba, Sanguisborbe
Rottbollia, Rottbolle Sanicula, Sanicle

Rubia, Garance Santulum, Santal

Rubiaccw, Kubiacees Santolina, Santoline

Rubus, Ronce Sapindi, Savon iers

Rudbcckiu, Rudbecke Sapindus, Savon ier

Rfidlia, Crustolle Sapona: ia, Saponaire
Rumex, Patience Sopotce, Sapotilliers

Ruppia, Ruppie Saraca, Saraca

Ruscus, Fragon Sarmentacece, Sar men tace es

Rata, Rue Sarraccnia, Sarracene

Rutacea', Rutacees Sassia, Sassia

Ruyschia, Ruyscii Saturda, Sariette

Satyrium, Satyrion
S Saururus....

Saccharum, Cannamelle, Canne Sauvagesia, Sauvagese

a Sucre Saxifrage, Saxifrage
Sagina, Sagine Saxifrage, Saxifrages
Sagittaria, Sagittaire Scabiosa, Scabieuse
Sagus, Sagonyer Scabridce, Scabrides

Solatia, Salacia Scandix....

Salicaria', Salicaires Schafferia, SchaefTer
Salicornia, Salicorne Schefflera, Schefflere
Sa'ix, Saule Sch eu c/izeria, Sc he u c b z e re
Salsola, Sonde Schinus (Molle)
Salvia, Sauge Schiza:a, Smith.

Salvinia, Salvinie Schmidelia, Schmidel

Sambucus, Sureau ScJioemts, Choin
Samohs, Samole ou Mouron Scilla, Scille

d'eau Scirpus, Scirpe

Samyda, Samyda Scitaminece, Scitaminees ou

Sanguinaria, Sanguinaire Epicees
 TABLE V. 409

Sclerocarpus, Sclerocarpe Sideroxylum, Argan

Scolopcndrium, Scolopen- Sigesbeckla, Sigesbeckie
dre Silene, Silene

Sco!j/?)ius, Scolyme Siliquoscc, Siliqueuses

Scopolia, Scopoli Silpltimn, Si phiI um

Scorpiurus, Chenillette Simbuleta, Simbuleta

Scorzoncra, Scorsonere Sinapis, Moutarde

Scrophularia, Scrop h u a ire 1 Siparuna, Siparuna
Scrophnlarut, Scrophul aires Sison, Sison

Scutellaria, Toque Sisj/7tibrium, Sysimbre

Secale, Seigle Sisj/rinchium, Bermudienne
Securidaca, Securidaca Smithia, Smiths

Sedum, Orpin Sium, Berle

Seguiera, Seguier Skimmia, Skimmia
Sela«o, Selago SmUax, Smilax
Selinum, Selinum Smyrnium, Maceron
Semi-Flosculosi (jlores), Demi- Solanca, Solanees
Flosculeuses Solanum, Morelle
Stmpervivaz, Joubarbes Soldane/la, Soldanelle

Sef/iperviv um, Jouba r b Solidago, Verge d'Or

Scnecio, Seaagfm Sonchus, Laitron

Senticosa; Sentiqueuses ouTouf- Sonneratia, Pagapate

fues Sophora, Sophora
Sepiarice, Sepiaires ou de Haie Soramia, Soramia
Septas, Septas Sorb us, Sorbier
Serapias, Serapias Soalamea, Soulamea
Seriola, Seriole Souroubecu, Souroubea
Seriphium, Armoselle Sparganiwn, Kuban d'eau
Scrratula, Sarrete Spathacece, Spathacees

Scsamum, Sesame Spergula, Spargoute

Seseli, Seseli Spermacoce, Spermacocee

Sesuvium, Sesuvium Splicer antiius, Sp h aeran t h
Sherardia; Sherarde Splueria, Variolaria Vario-
Sicj/os, Sicyos laire

Si da, Abutilon Sphagnum, Sphaigne

Sideritis, Crapaudine Spigelia, Spigele
 410 TABLE V.

Spinacia, Epinars Tamarindus, Tamarinier

Spirece, Sous-ordre des Rosa Tamarix, Tamaris
cees de J. Spirees Tamnus, Tame ou Taminier
Spima, Spiree Tanacetum, Tanaisie
Splachnum, Splaigne Tapura, Tapura
Stachys, Stachyde Taraxacum, Pissenlit
Stapelia, Stapelie Tarchonmithus, Tarconanthe
Staphylea, Staphylea Targionia, Targione
Statice, Staticee Taxus, If.

Statuminatoe, Statuminees ou Telephium, Telephe

Appuis de Vigne Temus, Temo
Stellaria, Stellaire Terminalia, Badomier
Stellatce, Etoilees Tetracera, Tetracera

Stelleria, Stellere Tetragonia, Tetragone

Sterculia, Sterculia Teucrium, Germandree

Sdlbe, Stilbe Thalia, Thalia

Stipa, Stipe Thalictrum, Pigamon

Stoebe, Stoebe Thapsia, Thapsie
Stratiotes, Stratiote Tliea, The
Strumpfia, Strumpfia TlieHgonum, Theligone
Strut hiola, Struthiola Theobroma, Cacaoyer
Styrchnos, Vomique TherebintacecE, Therebintacee
Styrax, Aliboufier Therebinthux , Therebinthe
Succulents, Succulentes ou Thesiutn, Thesium
Plantes Grasses Thlaspi, Thlaspi

Suillus. J... Thuya, Thuya

Suriana, Suriana Thymelex, Thymelee^
Sivartzia, Hedw.... Thymus, Thym
Sivietenia, Mahogon Tiarella, Tiarelle
Symphytum, Consonde Tilia, Tilleul

Symplocos, Symplocos Tilliaceae, Tiliacees

Tillcea, Tillee
T Tillandsia, Tillandsia
Taberruzmontana, Taberne Timmia, Hedw....
Tacca (Herbe), Tacca Tolvifera, Tolut
Tagetes, (Eillet d'Inde Tomex, Tomex
 TABLE V. HI
Tonina, Tonine Trollius, Trolle

Tontelea, Tontelea Tropaolum, Capucina

Tor dy Hum, Tordylium Tropins, Tropins
Torment ilia, Tormentille Tuber, Trufll*
Tortula, Hedw.... Tulbagia, Tulbagie
Tounatea, Tounatea Tuiipa, Tulipe

Tourncfortia, Tournefort Turnera, Turnera

Touroulia, Tourouli Turrcea, Turraea

Trachelium, Gantelee Turritis, Turrete ou Tcfl&rette

Tradescantia, Ephemere Tussilago, Tussilage

Tragia, Tragia Typ'ha, Massette

Tragopogon, Cersifis Typhtz, Massettes

Trapa, Macre
Tremella, Tremelle U
Treivia, Trewia Ulex, Ajonc
Trianthemu, Triantheme Ulmus, Orme
Trichia, Bull. Capilline Ulva, Ulve
Tribulus, Herse Ulvce, Ulves, Sous-ordre

Trichilia, Trichilia Umbelliferce, Ombelliferes

Trichomanes, Trichomane Uniola, Uniole

Trichosanthes, Anguine Vrena, Urena

Tricoccce, Arbres portant un Urtica, Ortie

fruit a trois Coqut's Urticce, Orties

Trifolium, Trefle Utricularia, Utriculaire

Triglochin, Trigloch ue i Uvaria, Uvaria

Trigonella, Trigone! le, Fenu- Uvularia, Uvulaire

grec
Trih ila tie, Tri u rn h i 1 i q u e es V
Trilix, Trilix Vaccinium, Airelle

Trillium, Trillie Vaginales, Vaginales ou Plantes

Triopteris, Triopteris a gaines

Triostcum, Trioste Valantia, Croisette

Tripeta loidew, Tr p e t aloides

i Valeriana, Valeriane

Tripsacum, Tripsaque Vallea, Vallea

Triticum, Froment Vallisneria, Vallisnerie

Trinmfelta, Lapullier Vanilla, Van i lie

412 TABLE V.

Vantanea, Vantanea Weimnannia. Weinmannia

Variolaria, Bull. Variolaire Willichia, Willichia

Vept-eculce (Ce sont les Tyme Wittaria, Smith....

lees de J.) Woedwardia, Id ...
Veratrum, Varaire
Verbascum, Molene X
Verbena, Verveine Xanthium, Lampourde
Verbesina, Verbesine Xeranthemwn, Im mortelle
Verticillatce, Verticillees Xerophyta, Xerophyta
Veronica, Veronique Xilopia, Xilopia
Verrucaria, Hofftn.... Ximenia, Ximedia
Viburnum, Viorne Xylophylla, Xylophylla
Vicia, Vesce
Vinca, Pervenche Y
Viola, Violette Yucca, Yucca
Viscum, Gui
Vites, Vignes Z
Vitex, Gattilier Zamia, Zamia
Vitices, Gattiliers Zanichdlia, Zanichellc
Vitis, Vigne Zanthoxylum, Clavalier
Vochisia, Vochy Zea, Mais
Zinnia, Zinnie
W Zizania, Zizane ou Zizanie
Wachendorfia, Wachendorfe Ziziphus, Jujubier
Webera, Hedw.... Zoegea, Zoegee
Weissia, Hedw.... Zostera, Zostere
WeigelcC, Weigela Zygophyllum, Fabagelle
 PART THIRD.

CHAPTER I.

OF VEGETABLES, AND THEIR KINDS.

Vegetables are divisible into the seven families, or tribes,

as follows

J. Fungi, mushrooms.

2. Algx, flags; whose root, leaf, and stem are all one.

3. Musci, mosses; whose antherai have no filaments, and are

placed at a distance from the female flower; and whose seeds
also vyant their proper tunic and cotyledons.

4. Filices, ferns; whose fructification is on the back of the

frondes*.

5. Gramina, grassesf; which have simple leaves, a jointel

culm or stem, a glumose calyx, and a single seed.

* Leaves of the ferns and palms so called j see the explanation of the term

fruns, in Chap. IV. Author.

This tribe includes the various of corn as well as the grasses, Author.
f sorts
 4-14. THE THREE DIVISIONS OF PLANTS.
6. Palm.<e, palms; which have simple stems, that are fron-
dose* at the summit, and haye their fructifications on a spadix
issuing from a spatha.

7. Plants, which include all that do not enter into any of

the other divisions. These are,

1 . Herbaceous, when they die down to the root every year ;

for in the perennial kinds, the buds are all produced on the root
below the surface of the ground.

2. Shrubs, when their stems come up without budsf.

3. Trees, when their stems come up with buds.

Vegetables are each primarily divisible into, 1. The ?-oo/...J.

The herb or plant itself.. .3. The fructification. Of these the last

has been already treated of in the first book: the two others,
upon which the specific differences of vegetables more imme-
diately depend, come now under consideration, and will be the

subject matter of the ensuing chapters!.

* See the term from, explained in Chap. IV. Author.

f Nature has put no limits between a tree and a shrub, which i, only a Tulgat
distinction. This Linrueus acknowledges; and argues, that his own distinction,
though he thinks it the best, is nevertheless exceptionable ; inasmuch as there art

seldom any buds upon the large trees in India ; all which must, therefore, by thi?

definition, notwithstanding their great height, be ranked with shrubs. Author.

J It may not be improper here to obviate an objection that may be made to
the method pursued in this work. It may be asked, if the matter of this third part
would not have stood more properly in the first. In answer to this it is admitted,
that the order of nature would thereby have been more directly followed : but the
design of this work was not so much to follow the order of nature, as to explain the

System of Linrueus ; and as the Classes, Orders, and Genera, which come first in
the system, are grounded on the fructification, the beginning with that part of the
vegetable was indispensably necessary. Author.
 DIFFERENT KINDS OF ROOTS. 415

CHAP. II.

OF ROOTS.

THE root, whose office is to draw up nourishment, and wlttch

also produces the herb, with its fructification, consists of two
parts, viz. Caudex, the stock or body of the root ; and Radi*
cula, the radicle or little root.

Caudex, the body of the root both ascends and descends.

The ascending caudex raises itself gradually above ground,
serving often as a trunk, and produces the herb or plant*.
The descending caudex strikes gradually downward into the

ground, and puts forth radicles. It has been distinguished, ac-

cording to its various structure, into

1. Perpendicular, when it runs directly downwards.

2. Horizontal, when it extends itself transversely under the

earth.

3. Simple, when it has no subdivisions.

+. Ramose, branching; when it is divided into lateral branches,

5. Fusiform, spindle-shaped; when it is oblong, thick, and

tapering, as in Daucus and Pastinaca.

6. Tuberose, knobbed; when it consists of roundish bodies

collected into a fascicle or bunch, as in P;eonea,...Hemerocal-

LIS,...HELIANTHUS,...SOLANUM,...and FlLIPENDULA.

* Linrueus infers from hence, that all trees and shrubs are to be considered as
root* above ground ; and that this is the reason that trees, when inverted, pur

forth leaves from the descending stem, and root* from the ascending. Author.
416 DIFFERENT KINDS OF ROOTS.
7. REPENT, creeping; when it runs out to a distance, and puts

forth radicles from space to space.

8. Fibrose, when it consists only of fibrose radicles.

when the lower part is truncate, and

9. Prje morse, bitten off;

the termination not tapering, as in ScABiosA,...PLANTAGO>

.»and

Valeriana*.

Radicula, the radicle, is the fibrose part of the root, which

terminates the descending caudex, and enables the root to

draw

nourishment for the support of the vegetable.

.CHAP. III.

OF THE HERB. -

THE herb- is a part of the vegetable arising from the root, and
terminated by the fructification. It comprehends,

1. The Trunk, which serves to multiply the herb, and leads

immediately from the root to the fructification. It is clothed
with the leaves, and terminated .by the fructification. See
Chap. IV.

2. The Leaves, whose office is to transpire and attract, like

the lungs in animals, and to afford shade. See Chap. V. VI. VII

3. The Fulcra, props; which serve as stays to strengthen the

plant; but may, however, be taken off without destroying it.

See Chap. VIII.

* For figures of these, vide our Flatcs, attached at the end of tlris work.
 THE TRUNK. 417

The Hvbernacula, winterings*; each of which

4. is a com-
pendium of the herb upon n» root before it begins to grow.
See Chap. IX.

CHAP. IV.

OF THE TRUNK.
TRUNCUS, the trunk, is that which produces the leaves and
fructification: it is of seven kinds, viz. Caulis,...culmis,...scapus,

. . .pedunculus, . . .petiolus, . .frons, . .and stipes.

I. Caulis, 3. stem, is the proper trunk of the herb, and serves

to elevate the leaves and fructification: it is either shnple...ov com*

pound.

Simple stems are such as proceed in a continued series towards

their summits •
and these may be,

1. Integri, entire ; when they are most simple, having scarce

any branches.
2. Nudi, naked; when they are destitute of leaves, as in Eu-
phorbia,. ..Cactus,... Stapeli a,... Ephedra,.. .and Cuscuta.

3. Foliate, leafy ; when they are furnished with leaves.

4. Flexuose, bending different ways, when the direction of

the stem changes at every joint, as in Ptelia.

5. Volubiles, twining; when they ascend spirally by the

branch of some other plantf : these wind either to the left, ac-
cording to the motion of the sun (as it is commonly phrased),

* These are the bulbs and buds. Editor.

+ ViJe Plate V. Figure 4, of this work.

2 E
418 DIFFERENT KINDS OF TRUNKS.
as in Humulus,...Helxine,...Lonicera, and Tamus; or to
the right, contrary to the sun's motion, as in Convolvulus,...
Basella,...Phaseolus,...Cynanche,.. .Euphorbia,... and Eupa-
TOH1UM.

6. Reclinate, reclined; when they bend in an arch towards

the earth.

7. Procumbent, lying upon the ground; when their direction,

is horizontal.

8. Repent, creeping ; when, by lying upon the ground, they

put forth roots at certain intervals, as in Hedera and Bignonia*.

9. SARMENTosEf; when they are repent and subnude^;.

10. Parasitic §; when they grow not out of the ground, but
on some other plant.

11. Teretes, round; when they are cylindric.

12. Ancipites, double-edged when they have two opposite

;

angles; and also Digonus, Trigonus, Tetragonus, Pentago-

nus, Polygonus, having two, three, four, Jive, or many angles,

which are all species of ancipites : also,

13. Triquetrous, three-square; when they have three plane

sides ;
and, ,

14-. Triangular, Quadrangular, Qulsqa' angular, Multan-

gular; when they have three, four, fivs, or many Sides or angles.

15. Sulcate, furroived ; when they are cut in w ith broad and
Jeep grooves or channels.

10. Striate, streaked; when tltey are. marked wiih very thin
hollow lines.

* Vide Plate V. Figure 2, tjf this work.

f-
From Sarmentum, a long shoot, such as those of a vma, EuiTOtt.
* Almost naked or bare of leaves. Editor.
'j Supporting themselves on others, like parasites. jEorroK.
 *

DIFFERENT KINDS OF TRUNKS. 413

17. Glabri, smooth; when they have a smooth surface.

18. Villose, hairy or shaggy ; when there is a down of soft

hairs upon them.

19. Scabrous, rough; when they are covered with little pro-
jecting points.

20. Hispid*; when they are covered with stiff bristles.

21. Ramose, branchy; when they are furnished with lateral

branches ; and these are,

22. Ascending ; when the branches incline upwards.

23. Diffuse; when the branches are spreading.

24-. Distich, in two rotus; when the branches are produced

in a horizontal situation.

2.5. Brachiate, having arms; when the branches are oppo-

site, and each pair is crossed by the pair next above or below itf.

26. Ramosissimi, very branchy; when the branches are many,

and without order.

27. Fulcrate, propt ; when the branches descend to the root,

as in Ficus.

2S. Proliferous; when they send forth branches only frorp

the centre of the ap^ij^. as iijttgpitu.

The rest as in entire stems.

Compound stems, are such as are subdivided intoRAMUU, small

branches, and diminish as they ascend. These are either,

1„ Dichotomus, forked; when the division is always in two

parts +.

* The word expresses a greater degree of roughness. Editor.

f Vide Plate V. Figure 8, of this work.

{ Vide Plate V. Figure 7, of this work.

2 E2
420 DIFFERENT KINDS OF TRUNKS.
2. Subdivided; when they are divided into branches irregu-
larly or without order : or,

3. Articulate, jointed; when they are distinguished from

space to space, by knots or joints, as in Piper*.

II. Culmus, a strqw, is the proper stem or trunk of a, grass,

and serves to elevate and support both the leaves and the Fru

fication: it admits of most of the distinctions already given for a

caulis or stem ; besides which, it may be either.

1. Enodis, without knots ; when it is continuous, and not in-

tercepted by joints.

2. Articulate, jointed; when it is connected by various

joints.

3. Sqamose, scaly; when it is covered with imbricate scalesf.

III. Scapus, a stalk, is an universal trunk, raising the fructifi-

cation, but not the leaves, as in Narcissus,. .. Pvrola,. .. Conval-

LARIA,...and HYACINTHUSt.

IV. A Peduncle, or foot-stalk of a Jlower, is a partial trunk,

raising the fructification, but not the leaves.

Pedicellus, is a. partial peduncle.

The -determination of peduncles respects place and manner.
Determination in respect to place, shows where the base of the
peduncle is inserted into the plant : and in this respect pedun-
cles are,

1. Radical, belonging to the root; when they come out im-

mediately from the root.

2. Cauline, belonging to the stem when they are placed

; ou
the stem.

3. Rameous, belonging to the branches; when they come out

upon the branches.

* Vide Plate V. Figure 5, of this work,

f Vide Plate V. Figure 1, of this work.
Vide Plat? V. Figures, of this work.
 MODES OF INFLORESCENCE. 421

Axillary*, coming out from the wings; that is, either be-
4.

tween the leaf and the stem, or between the branch and the
stem.

5. Terminal, when they terminate the branches or stem.

0. Solitary, when there comes out but one from the same
place. .

7. Sparsed, scattered; when they are numerous, and come

out without order.

Determination in respect to manner, shows how the flowers are

placed and connected on the summits of the peduncles: and in
this respect peduncles have the following variations :

1. Uniflorous, Biflorous, Triflorous, or Multiflorous

peduncles, are such as bear one, two, three, or many jlowers, ac-

cording to the number of the fructifications on a single peduncle.

2. Fasciculus, a bunch, is a collection of flowers that are

erect, parallel, forming a flat or even surface, and close to one

another; as in Dianthus Barbatus-(\

3. Capitulum, a little head, is composed of a number of

flowers, collected almost into a globular form, as in Gom-
piircena.

4. Spica, a spike, has sessile flowers that are alternate and dis-
persed about a common peduncle that is simple. It is called

Spica Secunda, a single-rowed spike, when the flowers are all

turned one way : and Spica Disticha, a. double-rowed spike, when

the flowers stand two ways.

5. A CcmYMBUst, is a kind of spike, the flowers of which have

* From Axilh, an arm-pit. Editor.

•f Sweet William. Editor.

X Corymbus, in its ancient and proper signification, meant a bunch of ivy ber-
ries : but is now used as a botanical term, for all fructifications that arc produced in.

fht8 manner. Editor.

422 OF THE PETIOLES.
each its proper Pedicellus*, or partial foot-stalk, raised to
a proportionable height, as in Spirjea OpuLiFOLiA,...and Le-
dum.

6. A Panicle, is a fructification dispersed on peduncles va-

riously subdivided. It is a Diffuse panicle, when the pedieelli
are divaricate, spreading asunder; and a Coarctate or confined
one, when they stand close to each other.
> » •

7. A Thrysusi, is a panicle contracted into an ovate form, as

in Syringa and Petasites.

8. A Racemus+ consists of a peduncle that has short lateral

branches, as in Vins...and Ribes.

9. Verticillus, a whorl, expresses a number of flowers that

are subsessilej, and are produced in rings round the stems.

V. A Petiole, or foot-stalk of a leaf, is a species of trunk that

fastens the leaves, but not the fructification ; which circumstance
distinguishes it from a peduncle, which is the foot-stalk of a
flower, as has been explained above. There are some cases
where the fructification and leaves are born on the same foot-
stalks, as in Turnera ...and Hibiscus; but these instances are.

very rare.

VI. Frons§, is a species of trunk, composed of a branch and

leaf blended together ; and is frequently united with the fruc-
tification : it belongs properly to the Palms. ..and Filices||.

* In the Philoscphia Botanica, it is not Pedicellus, but Petiohts ; which seems

to be a mistake, this term being applied to leaves only. It nav be translated
Peduncle. Editor.

f Rucemus, anciently signified a bunrh of grapes. Editor.

t With no foot-stalks, or with very short ones. Editor.
§ There is no expression answerable to this term in our language. See the note
at page f>7 . AuthorI y

H Vide Plate V. Figure 3, of this work.

 CIRCUMSCRIPTION OF LEAVES. 423

VII. Stipes*, is used to express the base or trunk of a frons,

and is applied only to the Palms. ..Filices... and Fungi.

CHAP V.

OF SIMPLE LEAVES.

LEAVES are to be considered in three respects, viz. as Sim-

ple. ..2. Compound... 3. Determinate. We shall in this chap-

ter treat only of the simple.

Simple leaves are such as have only a single leaf on a peti-

ole. They differ in respect to circumscription. ..angles. ..sinus...

apices. . .margin ..superficies. . .and substance.

.

I. Circumscription considers the form of the circumference

of leaves where there are no angles or sinuations : in which re-

spect leaves are,

1. Orbiculate, round; when the longitudinal and transverse

diameters are equal, and the circumference circular.

2. Slbrotund, roundish; when the figure is nearly orbiculate.

3. Ovate, egg-shaped; when the longitudinal diameter exceeds

the transverse, and the base is circumscribed with the segment
of a circle, but the apex is narrower.

4. Oval, or eliptic; when the longitudinal diameter exceeds

* The word in its proper signification moans a trunk or stock of any plant : but
the sense in which the term is received in botany is as here explained : it is used
also to express the thread or fine trunk that supports the pappus in downy seeds.

See Part I. Chap, VII. Author.

 424 ANGLES OF LEAVES.
the transverse, and the circumscription of both upper and lower

extremity is narrower than the segment of a circle.

b. Parabolic, in the form of a parabola* ; when the longitu-

dinal diameter exceeds the transverse, and the figure contracting
from the base upwards becomes Semiovate, half-egg-shaped.

6. Spatulate, resembling a spatulaf ; when the figure is

roundish,, but lengthened out by.the addition of a linear base

that is narrower.

7. Cuneiform, wedge-shaped ; when the longitudinal diameter

exceeds the transverse, and the figure gradually contracts down-
wards.

8. Oblong, when the longitudinal diameter is twice, thrice,

&c. the length of the transverse, and the circumscription of

each of the extremities is narrower than the segment of a circle.

II. Angles are the prominent parts of a horizontal leaf. In

respect to these, a leaf is,

1. Lanceolate, spear-shaped ; when the figure is oblong, nar-

rowing gradually at each end towards the extremity.

2. Linear; when it is every where of the same breadth,

though sometimes narrowing at the extremities only.

3. Aceuose, chaffy ; when it is linear and persisting as in

PlNUS,...ABIES,...JuNIPERUS,...and Taxus.

4. Subulate, awl-shaped; when it is linear below, but gra-

dually contracting towards the top.

5. Triangular, three-cornered ; when the disk is surrounded

by three prominent angles.

» A geometric curve so called. Editor.

f A surgeon's instrument so callrd. Editor.
 SIXUSES OF LEAVES. m
6. Quadrangular, quinquangular, &c. four-cornered, jive*

cornered, &c. when four or five prominent angles lie round th^
disk.

7. Deltoid, shaped like a delta*. $ when the figure is a rhom-

bus ; that is, having four angles, of which the two lateral ones
are less distant from the centre than those at the extremities.

8. Rotund, round; when it has no angles.

III. Sinus, a hollow, is a term used to express those openings

or cavities in leaves, which distinguish them into parts : in re-

spect to these, leaves are said to be,

1. Resiform, kidney-shaped; when they are roundish, and

hollowed at the base, without any angles.

2. Cordiform, heart-shaped ; when they are ovate, and hol-

lowed at the base, and the hinder or lower part has no angles.

3. Lunulate, moon-shaped; when they are round, and hol-

lowed at the base, and the lower part has no angles.

4. Sagittate, arroiv-shaped ; when they are triangular, hol-

lowed at the base, and are furnished with angles at the lower
part.

5. Hastate, javelin-shaped ; when they are triangular, the

base and sides hollowed, and the angles spreading.

6. Pandur;efokm, pandure-shapedf ; when thev are oblong,

broader above than below, and contracted in the sides.

7. Fissa, cloven; when they are divided by linear sinusses,

* A. Crock letter so called. The figure of the delta is a triangle, which does not

exactly answer to the character here given of a deltoid leaf.

•f-
A musical instrument of the lute kind, hut now disused: the shape of it, as
given by Marsemis, Harm. Inslr. I. 1. does not answer to that of the leaves here
explained; the figure of which comes nearer to that of the body qf a violoncello or
violin. AUTHOR,
420 TIPS OF LEAVES.
and have their margins straight ; and from the number of such
divisions they are called Bifid, Trifid, Quadrifid, Multifid,
&c. cut into too, three, four, fire, or many segments.

8. Louate, lohed ; when they are divided to the middle into

parts that stand wide from each other, and have their margins
convex ; and from the number of these they are called Bilobe,
Trilore, Quadrilobe, or Quinquelobe; consisting of two, three,

four, or fa t lobes.

9. Palmate, handed; when they are cut longitudinally into

many parts, nearly equal ; the divisions extending themselves

downward, almost to the base, where the segments cohere.

10. Pinnatifid, cut into wings; when they are divided trans-
versely into laeinke that are oblong and horizontal.

11. Lyrate, lyre-shaped ; when they are divided transversely

into lacinise, of which the upper ones are larger, and the lower

or»es farther asunder.

12. Laciniate, jagged ; when they are. variously divided into

parts, and those parts in like manner indeterminately subdivided.

IS. Sinuate, hollowed; when they have broad and spreading

openings in the sides.

H. Partite, divided; when they are separated down to the

base; and from the number of the divisions they are Bipartite
Tripartite, Quadripartite, Qu i n glu e p a rt it r., or Multipar-
tite; divided into two, three, four, fie, or many parts.

15. Integra, entire; when they are without divisions, and

have no sinus or opening. This stands opposed to alt the kinds
of divided leaves before described.

IV. Apex, tip, is the extremity in which the leaf terminates.

Leaves, in respect to their apices, are called,

I. Truncate, lopped; when they end in a transverse line.

 MARGIN OF LEAVES. 427

2. Pr.emorse, bitten in the fore-purl ; when they are very ob-

tuse, and are terminated by unequal notches or incisions.

3. Retuse, blunted ; when they terminate in an obtuse sinus.

4. Emarginate, nicked ; when they terminate in a notch.

5. OpxusE, blunt; when they terminate, as it were, within a

segment of a circle.

0. Acute, sharp ; when they terminate in an acute angle.

7. Acuminata, point.-:! ; when they terminate in a subulat*

apex.

8. CiKimoiE, tendrilcd ; when they terminate in a clamper or

tendril, as in Gloriosa, . .. Flag ell aria, . . .and Nissolia.

V. The Marc in of a leaf is the outermost boundary of it<j

sides, exclusive of its disk. Leaves, in respect to their margin,

are,

1. Simnose, thorny, or prickly ; when the margin of the leaf

runs into points that are hard, still) and pungent.

2. Ineum, unarmed or smooth: which is opposed to spinosei

3. Dentate, toothed or indented ; when the margin ends in

horizontal points, that are of the consistenc e of the leaf, find are

separated by intermediate spaces.

4. Serrate, staved; when the margin is cut into sharp imbri-

cate angles, that point towards the extremity of the leaf: if they
point towards the base, the leaf is said to be Rbtrorsum Serrate,
.saived backwards.

5. Duplicate-Serrate, doubly nved

st ; when there is a two-
fold serraturc, the less upon the greater.

£>. Ckenate, notched ; when the margin is cut into angles, that

point towards neither of the extremities- and these are obtusely

425 SUPERFICIES OF LEAVES.

crenate, when the angles are rounded ; or acutely crenate, when

the angles are pointed.

7. Dupucato-Ckenate, doubly notched; when the notches

are two- fold, the less upon the greater.

S. Repand, bending back again; when the margin is termi-

nated with angles, and interjacent sinusses, that are both in-
scribed with the segments of circles*.

9. Cartilagineous,. bristly ; when the edge of the leaf is

strengthened by a tough border, the substance of which differs

from that of the leaf.

10. CrLiATE, lashed or fringed; when the margin is surround-

ed on all sides with parallel bristles.

IT. Lacera, rent or ragged; when they are variously cut on

the margin into unlike segments.

12. Erose, gnaxved ; when the leaf is sinuate, and has oilier

very small obtuse sinusses or hollows on its margin.

13. Integerrxma, very entire; when the outermost margin is

entire and quite free from notches.

VI. Superficies, surface, is the outside, or what covers the

<Ksk of the leaf, and respects both the supincf disk or face of the

leaf, and prone disk or back of it. Leaves, in respect to their

surface, are,

T. Viscid, clammy ; when they are smeared over with a juice

that is not fluid, but tenacious, sticky.

2. Tomentose, downy; when they are covered with a nap of

interwoven hairs, scarce perceptible, that gives them a whiteness.

* A serpentine edge. Editor.

•f Supine is wtat lies on its bade, or face upwards ; and prone, the contrary :

there terras are, therefore, well applied to the upper and under diik or face of it

leaf. Editor-
 SUPERFICIES OF LEAVES. 42?
i

3. Lan ate, woolly ; when they are covered, as it were, with

a spider's web, as in Salvia. ..and Sideritis.

4. Pilose, hairy; when their surface is covered with distinct

hairs, that rise to some length.

5. Hirsute, rough with hair; when thsy are hairy in a greater

degree.

0. Viixose, shaggy; when they are covered with a coarser

hair or shag;.

7. Hispid, rough ; when the disk is covered with a stiffish sort

of bristles, that are frangible.

8. Scabrous, rugged; when the disk is covered with tuber-

cules, little !<nobs.

9. Aculeate, prickly; when the disk is beset with points that

are sharp and Stiff

10. Striate, streaked; when the surface is cut in, or scored

longitudinally with parallel lines.

11. Pappillose, nipply ; when it is covered with vesicles, or

little bladders.

12. Punctate, dotted; when it is besprinkled with hollow

points or dots.

13. Nitid, bright ; when the smoothness of the leaves causes

them to shine.

14. Plicate, plaited; when the disk of the leaf rises and falls

in angles towards the margin, as in Alchemilla.

15. Undulate, wared; when the disk of the leaf rises and

falls in convexities towards the margin.

16. Crisp, curled; when the circumfcrenre of the leaf be*

comes larger than the disk admits of, and is hereby forced to un-
dulate. All curled leaves are monster?.
 450 SUBSTANCE OF LEAVES.
17. Rugose, wrinkled; when the veins of the leaves contiact
into a narrower compass than the disk, so that the substance be-
tween them is obliged to rise, as in Salvia.

18. Concave, hollow; when the margin of the leaf contracts;,

and becomes less than the circumscription of the disk, by which

means the disk is depressed.

19. Venose, veiny; when the vessels are branched all over
the leaves, and their anastomose* or joinings are plain to the
naked eye.

20. Nervose; when they have simple tinbranched vessels,

that extend themselves from the base to the apex.

21. Coloured ; when they change their green for some other
colour, as in Amahanthus Tricolor-}-.

22. Glabra, smooth; when the surface is void of all inequality.

VII. The Substance of a leaf respects the conditions of its

sides : in this respect leaves are,

1. Teretes Xi round, like a pillar; when they are for *.he

most part cylindric.

2. Semicvlindr/c, like a halved cylinder; when they are

round on one side, and flat on the other.

'3. Tubulose,, like a tube or pipe ; when upon cutting them

they appear to be hollow within.

4. Carnose, flesh/ or succulent; when they are filled with a

pulp.

* A term in anatomy, expressing the union of vettis and artwries ; or where they
pass from ont branch to the other in smaller channels. Editor.
f Three-coloured.

J ltoimd one way and Ions* the other : our language has no distinct term to ex-
press roundness in this sense ;
the figure is,by mathematicians, called a cylinder,
from a Greek word, signifying lo roll ;
a body of 'this figure being the best adapted
tn that ,ort of motion.
 SUfeSTANCE OF LEAVES. . 431

5. Compressed, flatted ; when they are so compressed by their

opposite marginal sides, that the substance of the leaf becomes
greater than the disk.

6 Plane, lend; when they have both surfaces every where

parallel.

7. Gibbous, bunched; when, by the plenty of the pulp, both

the surfaces are rendered convex.

S. Convex, rounding; when the disk rises higher than the

sides.

9. Depressed, pressed down ; when the sides rise higher than

the disk.

10. Canaliculate, channelled ; when a deep furrow runs

along it, and sinks it almost to a half cylinder.

11. Ancipites, double-faced; when the disk is convex, and

there are two prominent longitudinal angles.

12. Enslform, Kvord-skaped ; when they are ancipites and

grow narrower from the base to the apex.

13. A ci n ac i form, falchion or scimitar-shaped; when they

are fleshy and compressed, with one edge convex and narrow,
and the other straighter and broader.

14. Do la Bill form, hatchet-shaped; when their figure is round-

ish, compressed, and obtuse; gibbous outwardly, with a sharp
edge, and taper towards the lower part.

15. Lingueform, tongue-shaped ; when they are linear, fleshy,

obtuse, convex underneath, and often with a cartilaginous

margin.

16. Triquetrous, three-corned ; when they are subulate, and

have three flat longitudinal sides.

17. Sulcate, farrowed ; when they are scored longitudinally

\n COMPOUND LEAVES.
with numerous angles or ridges, and as many hollows or chan-

nels betwixt them.

Catenate, keeled; when the prone part 'of the disk is pro-
IS.

minent longitudinally.

If). Membranaceous; when they have no perceptible pulp

between the two surfaces*.

CHAP. VI.

OF COMPOUND LEAVES.

A LEAF is said to be compound, when there are more than

one upon a common petiole or ibot-stalk.

Compound leaves are to be considered in respect to structure

and degree.

I. By the Structure of a compound leaf is to be understood

the insertion of the folioles or lesser leaves, of which it is com-
pounded; and in this respect leaves are called,

1. Compound; when a single petiole furnishes more than one

leaf.

2. Articulate, jointed; when one leaf grows out at the top

of another.

%. Digitate, fingered ; when the apex of a single petiole con-

nn ts many folioles; and they are termed Binate, Teknate, or

• For the figure* rf these leaves, vide our Plates at the end of this v. orV.
 DEGREES OF COMPOUNDNESS. 435

Quinate, growing too, three, or five together, according to the

number of folioles, of which the digitate leaf consists.
'

4-. Pinnate, winged; when the sides of a single petiole con-

ect many folioles.

5. Pinnate with an odd one; when it is terminated by an

odd foliole.

6. A Cirrhose Pinnate Leaf ; when it terminates in a cirrhus

•r clasper.

7. An Abrupt Pinnate Leaf; when it is terminated neither

by a foliole nor cirrhus.

8. Oppositely Pinnate ; when the folioles stand opposite to

each other.

9. Alternately Pinnate; when the folioles are produced

alternately-

10. Interruptedly Pinnate; when the folioles are alternate-

ly less.

11. Articulately Pinnate ; when the petiole common to

all the folioles is articulate, jointed.

12. Decursivf.ly Pinnate ; when the folioles are decurrent,

running down ; that is, extend themselves downwards along the
petiole.

13. Conjugate; when the pinnate leaf consists of two foli-

oles only.

II. Degree, in a compound leaf, respects the subdivision of

the common petiole; In respect to which leaves are,

1. Decompound; when a petiole once divided connects many

folioles.

2. Bigeminate; when a dichctcmus* petiole connects four

folioles on its apices.

* Forked or halved) and each division forked api;i. Editor.

434- PLACE OF LEAVES.
. 3. Biternate, or Duplicato-teknate ; when there are three

folioles on a petiole, and each foliole is ternate, as in Epimedium.

4. Bipinnate, or Duplicato-Pinnate j when the folioles of

a pinnate leaf are pinnate.

5. Ped ate, foot -shaped or branching; when a bifid petiole

connects many folioles on its inside only, as in Passiflora and

Arum.

6. Supra-decompound; when many folioles are born on a

petiole, that has been any number of times subdivided.

7. Triternate, or Triplicato-Ternate; when a petiole bear*

three folioles that are each of them ternate.

8. Tripinnate, or Triplicato-Pinnate ; when a petiole bears

many folioles, each of which are bipinnate*.

CHAP. VII.

OF DETERMINATE LEAVES.

BY the Determination of leaves is to be understood their

character, expressed from some circumstance foreign to their
own particular structure or configuration ; as from their place, si-
tuation, insertion, or direction.

I. By the Place of a leaf ismeant the part where it is fastened

to the plant. In respect to which leaves are called,

* Vide Plate* ©f Leaves at th» en4 of this w«rlc.

 SITUATION OF LEAVES. 435

1 . Seminal, seed leaves ; which before were the cotyledons,

and are the first which appear.

2. Radical, root leaves; such as proceed from the root

3. Cauline, stem leaves; such as grow on the stem.

4. Rameous, branch leaves ; such as grow on the branches.

5. Axillary*, such as are placed at the coming out of the

branches.

6. Floral, Jlcnver leaves ; such as are placed at the coming

out of the flower.

II. By Situation is meant the disposition of the leaves on the

stem of the plant. In respect to which, leaves are called,

1. Stellate, starry; or Verticillate, whorled ; when the

stalk is surrounded in whorls by more than two leaves; and
these again receive the denomination of tern, quatern, quine, sene,
&c. according to the number of leaves of which the star or whorl
is composed, as in NERiUM,...BRABEJUM,...and Hippuris.

2. Opposite; when the cauline leaves come out in pairs facing

each other, and each pair is crossed by the next, so that they
point four different ways.

3. Alternate; when they come out singly, and follow in a

gradual order.

4. Sparsed, scattered; when they come out in plenty about

the plant without order.

5. Confert, crowded; when they come out in quantities, so

as almost to cover the branches, and leave hardly any space be-
tween them.

{}. Imbricate ; when they are confert and erect, so as to lie

•ver one another, each covering a part of the following one.

* From axilla, an armpit. Editor.

2 J? 2
m INSERTION OF LEAVES.

7. Fasciculate, bundled; when many come out from the

same point, as in Laiux.

8. Drs-ricH, in two rows; when the leaves all respect two

sides of tne branches only, as in Abies and Diervilla.

HI. In respect to their Insertion (which is usually at the base),

leaves are called,

1. Peltate, shield-fcushioned ; when the petiole is inserted into

the disk of the leaf, and not into its base or margin, as in Nym-
phoz a,... Hern anuria,... and Colocasia.

2. Petiolate ; when there is a petiole fastened to the leaf at

the margin of the base.

3. Sessile ; when the leaf has no petiole, but is fastened im-

mediately to the stem.

4. Decurrent, running down; when the base of a sessile leaf

extends itself downwards along the stem beyond the proper base
or termination of the leaf, as in VERBEsiNA,..,CARDuus,...and
Sph^eranthus.

5. Amplexicaul, embracing the stalk; when the base of the

leaf embraces the sides of the stem crosswise on both sides ; or
Semiamplexicaul, half embracing the stalk; which, only differ*
from Amplexicaul, in that it is in a less degree.

0
6*. Perfoliate ; when the base of the leaf is continued across
the stem till it meets again, so as to embrace it all around, as in
Bupleurum.

7. Connate, growing together ; when two opposite leaves join,

and are united in one, as in Lonicera and Elpatorium.

8. Vaginaxt, forming a vagina or sheath ; when the base af

the leaf forms ii cylindric tube that invests the branch.

IV. In respect to their Direction, leaves are Galled,

 DIRECTION OF LEAVES. 437

1. Adverse; when their sides are not turned towards heaven

but towards the south, as in Amomum.

2. Oblique ; when the base of the leaf looks towards heaven,

and the apex or tip towards the horizon, as in Protea and Fri-
TILLAR1A.

3. Inflex, bending inwards; when the leaf is bowed upwards

towards the stem.

4. Adprest; when the disk of the leaf lies close to the stem.

5. Erect, upright; when the angle they form with the stem
is extremely small.

6. Patent, spreading ; when they make an acute angle with

the stem.

7. Horizontal ; when they stand at right angles with the stem.

8. Reclined, or, as some term it, Reflex ; when they are

bowed downwards, so that the apex or tip is lower than the base*

9. Revolute, rolled back ; when they are rolled downwards.

10. Dependent, hanging down; wfcen they point directly to

the ground.

11. Radicant, rooting; when the leaves strike root.

12. Natant, Jloating ; when they lie on the surface of the

water, as in Nymphoza and Potamogiton.

13. Demerse, sunk; when they are hid beneath the surface
of the water*.

* Vide Plate 9, at the eivi of this work.

438 DIFFERENT KINDS OF FULCRA.

CHAP. VIII.

OF THE FULCRA OF PLANTS.

FULCRUM, a prop, is a term used to express those small

parts of plants, of which the chief use is to strengthen and sup-

port them.

Fulcra are of seven kinds, viz. STit»uLA,...BtiACTEA Spina,...

Aculels,...Cirrhus,...Glandula,... and Pilus; all which we

shall explain in their order.

1. Stipula, is a scale or sir ill leaf, stationed on each side the

base of the petioles or peduncles, when they are first appearing,

as in papilionaceous flowers; and also in Tamarindls,... Cassia,...
Rosa,...Melianthus,... Liriodendron,...Armemaca,...Persica
>

...Padus, and others.

2. Bractea, a Jloral leaf, is so called, when it differs in shape

and colour from the rest, as in Tilia,...Fdmaria Bulbosa,...

SrcECHAs,...and Horminum.

S. Spina, a thorn; is a kind of sharp weapon or armature, pro-

truded from the wood of the plant, as in Prlnus,...Rhamnus,...
HippopHAE,...CELASTRts,...and Lycium: it will often disappear

by culture, as in Pyrus.

4. Aculeus, a prickle, is the same sort of armature, proceed-

ing from' the cortex of the plant only, as in Rosa,...Rubus,...

RiBES,...and Berberis.

5. Cirrhus, a clasper or tendril, is a filiform spiral band, by

which a plant fastens itself to any other body, as in Vitis,...Ban-

KISTERIA,...CARDIOSPERMUM,...PlSUM,...and BlGNONIA.
 THE HYBERNACLE OF PLANTS. 439

6. Glandula, a little gland ; is a kind of pap or teat, serving

for the excretion of some humour: its situation is commonly on
the petioles, the serratures of the leaves, or the tender stipulae.

7. Pilus, a hair, is a sort of bristle, serving as an excretory

«luct to the plants.

CHAP. IX.

OF THE IIYBERXACULA OF PLANTS.

THE Hybernaculum, winter-lodge, is that part of a plant

which encloses and protects the embryo, or future shoot, from
external injuries: it is of two kinds, viz. Bulbus, a bulb ; and
Gemma, a bud.

1. A Bulb, is an hybernacle, placed on the descending caudex

it is of various kinds, viz. a squamo.se bulb, when it consists of
imbricate lamellae*, as in Lilium ;...a solid bulb, when it consists

of a solid substance, as in Tulipa;... a tunicate bulb, when it

consists of many turtles or coats, as in CEPA;...and an articulate

or jointed bulb, when it consists of lamella that are linked toge-

ther, as in L at h rje a, . . . JVI a kt i nt a, . . . and Adoxa.

2. Gemma, a bud, is an hybernacle placed on the ascending

caudex : it consists either of stipula, of petioles, of the rudiments

of leaves, or of cortical squamcef.

Buds are of various kinds. In the generality of plants they

are fieriferous ; that is, producing both leaves and flowers;

* Thin plares or scales. Editor. f Scales of the bark. Editot;.

440 THE HABIT OF PLANTS.
but in Alnus they bear leaves only;. ..in Populus, Fraxinus,
and some species of Salix, they bear leaves and flowers distinct-

Corylus and Carpinus, leaves and female flowers

ly;. ..in in

Pinus and Abies, leaves and male flowers ;... and in Daphne, Ul-
mus, Cornus, and Amygdalus, leaves and bisexual flowers:... in
Dentaria, Ornithogalum, Lilium, and Saxifraga, the buds
are deciduous.

In several plants there are. no buds, as in Philadelphia,. .. Fran-

gu la,... Alaternus,...Paliurus,...Jatroph a, ...Hibiscus,.. Baho- .

BAB,...JuSTlCIA,...CASSIA,...MlMOSA,...(iLEDITSIA,...ERYTHUINA,...

An agyris,...Medicago,...Nerium,... Viburnum, ...Rhus,... Tam a-

rix,...Hedera,...Erica,...Malpighia,... Lav ate r a,... Solanum,
... AsCLEPIAS, ...RuTA, .. .GeRANI UM, .. .PeTIVERI A, ...PeRESKIA,. ..
Cupressus,... Thuya,... and Sabina.

In cold countries there are but few plants without buds, and in
hot countries but few that have any.

CHAP. X.

OF THE HABIT OF PLANTS.

BY the Habit, or external face of plants, is to be understood

a certain conformity between vegetables that belong to the same
genus, or are near of kin to each other*. This conformity may

* This definition of the habit of plaws, which we have taken from the Philosophic.
Botanua, seems to a-rce beticr with the old state of botany, when plants were ae-
tunlly ranged according to their external face, than with the modern system that
Rnga them by the fructification : fur plants that, by the system, are neither of the
 PLACENTATION OF PLANTS. 4tl

be in respect to various circumstances, as placentation, radica-

tion, ramification, intorsion, gemmation, foliation, stipulation, pu-
bescence, glandulation, lactescence, inflorescence, &c. As each of
the terms here enumerated will furnish us with a separate chap-
ter, we shall forbear the explanation of them here.

CHAP. XI.

OF PLACENTATION.

BY Placentation* is meant the disposition of the cotyledons

at the time when the seed is beginning to grow. Plants, in re-

spect to placentation, are termed,

I. Acotyi.edones, without cotyledons, when this part is want-

ing, as in Mosses.

same genus, nor have any systematic affinity, will often have a great conformity in
their habit; whilst those of the same genus will have their habits distinct. The
habits of plants was the invention of the earlier botanists, who knew no better rule

for the distribution of vegetables : and, indeed, Linnceiis himself is induced to ad-
mit, that it is often a good guide; and that Casper Bauhine, and others, had in

many cases discovered the affinity of plants by the habit, when systematists had
failed in attempting the same by their artificial rules; nor docs he think evert

the fructification, which is the invention of the moderns, sufficient for detecting all

the classes of vegetables, though he considers it as the primary guide to the natu-

ral method so much sought after by those who have cultivated this science.
AtlTIIOK.
* The cotyledons of the seed in vegetables answer the purpose of the placenta
in the animal oeconomy; and hence the disposition of the cotyledons is called pin-

mentation. Author.
 442 COTYLEDONS OF PLANTS.
II. Monocotyledon es, with a single cotyledon*; and these
are either,

1. Perforate, as in Grasses.

2. Unilateral, as in Palms ;
or,

3. Reduced, as in Cepa.

III. Dicotyledones, having two cotyledons; and these are

either,

1. Immutate, unchanged, as in the class Didynamia ; and in

plants whose pericarpium is a legumen, pomum, or drupaf.

2. Plicate, folded, as in Gossypium.

3. Duplicate, doubled, asinMALVA; and in the class Tetra-

dynamia.

4. Obvolate, rolled vp, as in Helxine.

5. Spiral, turning like a screw, as in Salsola,...Salicoknia,...

CERATOCARPUs,...BASELLA,...and all oleraceous plants j or,
J

6. Reduced., as in umbellate plants.

IV. Polycotyledones, with many cotyledons, as in Pinus,...

Cupressus, and Linum.

* Linnatus observes, that the Monocotyledones are properly Acotyledones ; the

cotyledons remaining within the seed. Author.

-f-
See these terms explained in Part I. Chap. VI. Editor.
% Pot herbs. The oleraceous plants make an order in the Frapncnta Mcthtdi
—Blitum —Beta —Galenia —Atri-
Naturalis of Linnaws; consisting of Spitjaci a
plex — Chenopodium — Rivinia — Petiveria — Herniaiua— Illkcebrum Po-
LYCNEMUM AxYRIS AcilYRANTHES — AMARANTHUS GoMPHRENA CeLOSIA—
Ceratocarpus— Corispermum —Callitriche— Salsola—Salicornia, and Ana-
basis. Author.
 THE RADICATION OF PLANTS.

chap, xii.

OF RADICATION.

BY Radication is meant the disposition of the root of the

plant, which is to be considered in respect to the ascending cau-
dex and the radicles, as has been shown in Chap. II. where the
principal characters of roots have been explained. Roots are
farther distinguished into,

I. Bulbose, consisting of a bulb; and these are either,

1. Squamose, scaly, as in Lilium.

2. Tunicate, coated, as in Cepa.

3. Duplicate, double, as in Fiutillaria; or,

4. Solid, asiuTcupA.

II. Tuberose, knobbed ; and these are either,

1. Palmate, handed, as in Orchis.

2. Fasciculate, bundled, asinP^EOMA; or

5. Pendulous, hanging, as in Filipendula and Eljeagnus.

III. Articulate, jointed, as in Lathr^ea,. ..Oxalis,... Marty*

NiA,...and Dentaria.

'
IV. Fusiform, spindle-shaped, as in Pastinaca,...Daucus,...
and Raphanus.

V. Globose, globe-shaped, as in Bunium, and in some species

of Ranunculus and ChjErophyllum.
 444 DISPOSITIONS OF LEAVES.

CHAP. XIII.

OF RAMIFICATION.

RAMIFICATION is the manner in which a tree produces its

branches, with the situation of which that of the leaves is also

connected*.
Some plants have no branches, though they have leaves which
are placed on the stem. This is the case with Dictamnus,.^.
PEONiA,...EpiMEDiuM,...and Podophyllum.
Leaves opposite or alternate are generally a mark of great dif-
ference in plants: a few genera, however, must be excepted,
which have some species with opposite leaves, and others with
alternate, as in Eu phorbia,. . .Cistus,. .Lantana,
. . .Antirrhinum,
...LiLiuM,...and Epilobium.
In Antirrhinum,... Jasminum, ...Veronica,.. .and Borago,...
the lower leaves at the branches are opposite, and the upper ones
at the flowers alternate.

In Potentilla Supina, and in Potamogiton, the lower leaves

are alternate, and the upper ones on the branches opposite.
In Nerium the lower leaves are opposite, and the upper ones
ternate.

In Ruscus the lower leaves are ternate and the upper ones aU
ternate.

* The doctrines delivered here under the head of Ramification do not answer to
the title, the greater part respecting rather the situation of the leaves than that of
the branches : they might, with more propriety, have been collected under a head
of
foliation ; but as the term foliation is used to express the habit of plants, in
respect
to the position of leaves in the bud, before they disclose themselves, as will be
shown Chap. XVI. these doctrines could not have stood under the same
in
head,
without a confusion in the use of the term ; and this seems to be the
reason why
Limusus, whom we follow, has given them in this place. Author.
 INTORSION. 445

In Coreopsis Alternifoi.ia, and in Antirrhinum Chalepense,

the lower leaves are quatern, and the upper ones alternate.
The natural situation of the leaves in plants that are much
branched is best concluded from the radical leaves.

CHAP. XIV.

OF INTORSION.

INTORSION, winding, is the flexion or bending- of any part

wf a plant towards one side.

Caules Volubiles, twining stems, wind either,

1. Sinistrorsum, to the left, as in Tamus,...Dioscoiiea,...Ra-

jania,...Menispekmum,...Cissampelo$,... Hippocratea,...Loni-
cERA,...HuMULUs,...and Helxixe; or,

2. Dextrorsum, to the right, as in Phaseolus,...Doliciios,...

Clitoria,... Glycine,... Securidaca,... Convolvulus,... Ipomcea,

...Cyn anche, . . . Peiuploca, . . .Cero pegi a, .. .Euphorbia, . . .Tragi a,
BASELLA,...EuPATORIUM,...and ToURNEFORTlA.

Cirrhi Volubiles, twining claspers, wind to the right, and back

again. Most leguminous plants have cirrhi of this kind : in Smilax,
and in most species of Piper, the petioles are cirrhiferous.

Corolla bend to the left*, in Asclepias,...Nerium,...Vinca,

* Supposing yourself placed in the centre, and looking towards the south.
446 INTORSION.

...RAUwoLnA,...PERiFLOCA,...and Stapblia ;...and totheright in

Pedicularis.

In Trientalis there is this singularity, that the petals are all

imbricate, one side of each folding over the next towards the
right.

In Gentjana, the imbrication of the petals before they are un-

folded is contrary to the sun.

The PisTiiXA incline to the left in Cucubalus and Silene.

The Germina are twisted to the left in Helicteres and Ulmaria.

Flowers, in respect to intorsion, have,

A resupination*, which is, when the upper lip of the corolla

look towards the ground, and the upper lip towards heaven, as
in the European Viol*,... Ajuga ORiENTALis,...OcYMUM,...and
some species of Satyrium ; or

An obliquity, as in the species of Hyssopus, called Lopanthus,

...Nepeta Sib i rica,... and some species of Pedicularis.

Spick, spikes, are,

Spiral, as in Claytonia, and in some asperifoliousf plants; or,

incurvate, crooked, as in Saururus,.. .Mimosa,. ..Petiveria,... Pa-

paver,... Sedum Rl brum,... and Lilium Martagon.

In several plants there is found a contorsion of the fibres, which

answers the end of an hygromelcr\. Thus in Avena, there is an
arista or beard, that is twisted like a rope : in some Geraniums,
the arillus of the seed has a spiral tail; and in Mnium, the pe-
duncles are twisted contrary ways above and below.

* Resupination is, when any thing is thrown on its back, or lies face upwards.

Editor.
f Tl>e asperifolia: belong to the class Pmtandria. See Part II. Chap. VIII.
Editor.
X An instrument for measuring the degree of dryness or moisture of the air. The
fibres of the plants here instanced being affected by the quality of the air^ the spi-
ral part twists or untwists, as the weather varies ; and by observing this, the tem-
perature of the air may be discovered. Editor,
 GEMMATION. 447

CHAP. XV.

OF GEMMATION.

GEMMATION is the construction of the gem or bud, which

is formed either of leaves, stipules, petioles, or squama. Those
that are formed of the leaves will be considered in the next Chap-
ter, under the head of foliation; the rest are distinguishable into,

Petiolak buds, which are either,

1, Opposite, as in Lie ostrlm, . . Phillyrea, . . .Nyctanthes, . .

Syring a,... Hypericum,... Coriaria,... Buxus,...Jasminum,... Vac-

CInium,...Akbi.tus,...Andromeda,...Ledum,...Daphne,...Laurus,
...MyRICA,... LlNN.EA,... DlERVlLLA,... LON ICERA, .ElJONYMUS,
. . . .

Fraxinus,... Acer,... Esculus,... Bignonia,... Opulus,... Sambu-

cus,...and Psidium; or,

2. Alternate, as in Salix,. ..Spirjea,... Genista,. ..Solanum,...

Hippoph ae, . . .Berber is, . . .Ilex, . . . Rises,... J uglans, ..Pistachi a,
,

...and Plumbago.

Stipulaceous buds, which are either,

1. Opposite, as in Cephalanthus and Rhamncs Catharticus;

•r,

2. Alternate, as in Populus,... Tilia,... Ulmus,... Quercus,...

Fagus,...Carpinus, Corylus, ... Betula,... Alnus, ... Ficus,...

and Morus.

Stipulaceo-petiolar buds, which are,

I. Alternate, as in Sorbus,. ...Crataegus,. ...Prunus,... .Mespi-

lus,.... Pyrus,.... Malus,....Cotoneaster,....Amygdalus,... Ce-

rasus,...Padus,... Melianthus,... Rosa,...Rubus,...Vitis,...Ro-

binla,...Cyti$us,.,,Potentilla FRUTJC08A,..,and Staphylea.

m DIFFERENT FOLIATIONS.
2. Anomalous, or irregular buds, as in Abies,... PiNUs,...and

Taxus.

In many plants the buds are ivaiuing, as has been shown in

Chap. IX.

CHAP. XVI.

OF FOLIATION.

BY Foliation is to be understood the complicate, or folded

state the leaves are in, whilst they remain concealed within the
buds of the plant*. Leaves, in respect to the manner of their
complication, are either,

1. Involute rolled in; when their lateral margins are rolled

spirally inwards on both sides, as in Lonicera,...Diervilla,...

Euonymus,... Rhamnus Cath articus,. .Pyrus, . . . . Malus,... Po-

pulus,...Plumbago,...Yiola,...Commelina Annua,... Plantago,
...Alism a,... Potamogiton Natans,...Nymphcea,...Saururus,...
Aster Annuls, ...Humulus,...Urtica,... Hepatica,... Sambucus
EiJULUs,...and Stafhylea.

2. Revolute, rolled back; when their lateral margins are

rolled spirally backward on both sides, as in Rosmarinus,. ..Teu-
crium M arum,... Dracocepiialon,... Digitalis,... Nerium,... An -

DROMEnA,...LEDUM,...EpiLOBlUM AnGUSTUM,...RuMEX,...Pf.RSICA-
lii a,... Polygonum,... Parietaria, ...Primula,. ..Carduus,...Cn i-
gls,...Tussilago,...Senecio,...Othonna,...PotentillaI rutico- ;,

sA,...PTELEA,...and some species of Salix.

* Limuens claims the invention of the distinctions given in this Chapter, pre-
ceding botanist;; i.ot having (as he says) attended to the filiation in ludi. Author.
 DIFFERENT FOLIATIONS. 449

3. Obvolute, rolled against each other; when their respective

margins alternately embrace the straight margin of the opposite
leaf, as in Dianthus,... Lychnis,. ..Saponaria,...Epilobium Op-
po\sitifol.,...Dipsacus,...Scabiosa,... Valeriana,... Marrubium,
...Phlomis,... Salvia,. ..and Prasium.

4. Convolute, rolled together ; when the margin of one side sur-

rounds the other margin of the same leaf, in the manner of a cowl
Or hood, as illCANNA,...AMOMUM,...CALLA,... AuUM,...PiPER,...Hy- J

DROCHARIS, ... CoMMELINA LuTEA, ...PrUNUS ArMENIACA,... Do-

decatheon,...Cre p is,...Lactuca,...Hieracium,...Sonchus Sibir.
...Tragopogon,... Orobus,...Vicia,... Lathyrus,... Solioago,...
Aster, ... Pinguicula, ... Vaccintum,... Pyrola,... Berberis,...
Brassica,...Armoraci a,... Symphytum,.. .Cynoglossum,...Pota-
mogiton Perfol.,...Eryngium,... Menyanthes,... Saxifraga,...
ARALiA,...DiCTAMNus,...EpiMEDiuM,...and many Grasses.

5. Imbricate ; when they are parallel, with a straight surface,

and lie one over the other, as in SYRiNGA,...LrcusTRUM,...PHiL-

lyrea,...Nyctanthes,...Linn.ea,...Cephalanthus,...Coriaria,...
Hypericum,...Valantia,... Justicia,... Portulaca,... Laurus,...
Daphne,... Hippophae,...Ruscus,...Cyanus Perennis,...Mespilus
Germ., . .Campanula, ..Po lemon ium,
. . . . and Sium.

6. Equitant, riding; when the sides of the leaves lie paral-

lel, and approach in such manner, as the outer embrace the in-
ner (which is not the case with the conduplicale explained in the

next head), as in Hemep.ocallis,... Iris,... Acorus,...Carex,...

PoA,...and some grasses.

7. Conduplice, doubled together; when the sides of the leaf

are parallel, and approach each other, as in Qi;ercus,...Fagus,

„.C0RYLUS,...CARriNUS,...TlLlA,...PADUS,...CERASUS,... AMYGDA-
lus,...Cotoneaster,...Fr\ngula,...Alater\us,...Paliurus,...Ju-

glans,. ..Pistacia,... Rhus,... Fraxinus,...Sorbus,...Rl bus,... Po-

l ENTILLA VuLG.,...COM\r,i. M,...BlGNONIA,... CyTISUS,... RoBINIA,

2G

t
430 DIFFERENT STIPULATIONS.
...PlSUM,...MELIANTHUS,...PASTmACA,...HERACLECM,...LASERPI-
TiuM,...PoTERiuM,...and most diadelphom plants.

Plicate, plaited; when their complication is in plaits length-

ways, like the plicate leaves explained in Chap. V. as in Cratae-

gus, ... Betula, ... Alnus, ... Fagus, ...Vitis,... Acer,... Opulus
Viburnum,... Ribes, ... Althaea, ... Malva, ... Humulus, ... Ur»
ti c a , . . .Pass i i lo ra, . . . and Alchem i l a.

8. Reclinate, reclined ; when the leaves are reflexed down-

wards towards the petiole, as in Podophyllum,... Aconitum,...
Hepatica,... Pulsatilla,... Anemone,... and Adoxa.

9. Cihcinal, compassed*; when the leaves are rolled in spi-

rally downwards, as in Filices, and some Palms^ .

CHAP. XVII.

OF STIPULATION.

BY Stipulation is meant the situation and structure of the

itipul(r\, at the base of the leaves.

The stipu/ce. in different plants are found to be as various as the

leaves. They are,

I. Wanting in the asperjolia!^, the class Didynami*, the

* In Tings.

f Vide Vlate 11 , at the end.

J Sec Chap. VIII. Author.

| Paitamlria Monogynui, Distinction 1. See Tart II Cli j . VIII. A'-rno*.
 DIFFERENT STIPULATIONS. 451

iellate*, siliquosce\, lilicut t> orchidece\, and in most compound

flowers.

2. Present in the Papilionacice \\, Lomentacecc^, and in the

class Icosaudria.

3. Gemin.e, two together, or with a single one on each side in

most plants.

4. Solitary, in Melianthus, in which the stipula is on th»

inside ; and Ruscus, in which it is on the outside.

5. Deciduous, in Padus,...Cerasus,...Amygdalus ; and also**

in Populus,...Tilia, ...Ulmus,...Quercus,... Fagus,...Carptnus»

...Corvlus,...Betula,... ALNus,...Ficus,...and Morus.

6. Persisting, in the class Diadelphia, and in Icosandria, Po-

lygyria.

7. Adnate, growing close to the plant, in Rosa,...Rubus,..,

Po TENTILLA, .CoM A HUM, . . . . . and MELIANTHUS.

8. Solute, free or loose, in most plants.

9. Intra foliaceous, on the inside of the leaves, in Ficus

and Morus.

10. Extrafoliaceous, on the outside of the leaves, in Alnus,

...BETULA,...TiLiA,...and the class Diadelphia.

* Tdrandria Monngynia, Distinction a. See Part II. Chap. VII. Author.

f Tetr•adynamia Siliquosa. Sec Part II. Chap. XVIII. Author.
X Limum — Fritillaria —Tulipa —and Ehyturomum are the UUiaceous plants;

which make an order in the Mcthodi Naluralis Frugmenta. See Phil. Bot. page
28. Author.
§ Orchis — — —
Satyhium Serapis Herminium— Neottia Ophryi Cypripe- — —
dium —
Epidendrum Limodoru.m — —
and Arethusa, are the Orchideee ; which
are another order in the Method Nat. Frag. See Phil. Bot. p. 27. AUTHOR.
||
Class Diadelphia. See Part II. Chap. XX. Author.
— —
^ Sophora Cercis Bauhinia Parkinsonia Cassia Poinciana—Tama-— — —
—
RINDUS GUILANDIVA— AdeNANTHF.RA —
H-EMATOXYLON CjESALPINIA and Ml- —
mosa. These are an order in Meth. Nat. Frag. See Phil. Bot. p. U4. They ar«
called lomenlaceous from Lomentum, which signifies Bean Meal. Author.
** The genera here instanced are the same with those enumerated in the 15th.

Chapter, u having s.'ipulaccoui buds that are alternate, which are those rekrred to

hy Linnwus in this place. Author.

2G 2
452 DIFFERENT KINDS OF ROUGHNESS.

CHAP. XVIII.

OF PUBESCENCE.

PUBESCENCE, downiness*, is an armature, by which plants

are defended from external injuries. Pubescence is of the fol-
lowing kinds, viz.

Scabrities, roughness ; which is composed of particles scarce

visible to the naked eyef, that are scattered over the surface of
the plant. This is distinguishable into,

I. Scabrities Glandulosa, a glandulose roughness ; when it con-

sists of little glands, which are either,

1. Miliary, like grains of millet.

2. Vesicular, composed of bladders.

3. Lenticular, resembling lentils.

4. Globular, globe-shaped ; as in ATRiPLEx,,..and Chenopo-

»ium.

5. Secretory, serving for secretion.

6. Catenulate, consisting of little chains; or,

7. Utricular, like little bottles.

II. Scabrities Setacea, a bristly roughness ; when it consists of

bristles, which are either,

1. Cylindric, like a cylinder.

* The term downiness is not to be taken here in too strict a sense, as the fol-
)»wing explanations show. Author.

f Guettard was the first who carefully examined this kind of pubescence.

Edjto*.
 DIFFERENT ARMATURES. 453

2. Conic, like a cone.

3. Hamose, hooked.

4. Glanduliferous, bearing glands.

5. Furcate, forked.

6. Securiform, hatchet-shaped, as in Humulus.

7. Aggregate and starry, as in ALYSsuM...and Helicteres ; or

8. Aggregate and simple, as in Hippophae.

III. Scabrities Articulata, a jointed roughness ; when it is in

joints, which are either,

1. Simplices, simple.

2. Nodose, knotty.

3. Caudate, tailed.

4. Ramose, branching, as in Verbascum j or,

5. Plumose, feathery.

IV. Lana, wool, is a protection to many plants against the

scorching heat, as in Sideritis Canariensis, ... Salvia Cana-
RiENsis,...the Salvia called ./Ethiopis,...Marrubium,...Vekbas - :

cum,...Stachys, ... the Carduus called ERiocErnALus*,...and

Onopordum.

V. Tomentum, doivn, is a defence for plants against winds;

it has commonly a whitish, or hoary appearance, as in Tomex,...
MEDiCAGo,...and Halimus.

VI. STRiG.tf, with their stiff bristles, are of use to prevent

* There is a genus entitled Eriocephalus, but the plant here meant is the Car-
duos Eriophorus of Lin. Species Plant, page 823, which is the Carduus Capita
Rotundo Tomentoso of Casp. Bauhine. It was formerly called Corona Fra-
trum. Author.

f LiniKEiis has omitted the definition of this term. It signifies properly a row,

or ordinate disposition of things of any sort; and appears, by the instances here
454 DIFFERENT ARMATURES.
plants from being bruised or destroyed by vermin, as in Cac-
tus,. ..Malpighi a,. ..Hibiscus,... and Rub us.

VII. Hami, hooks, fasten themselves to animals as they pass

by ; these are either,

1. Triglochid, three-pointed, as in Lappula ; or,

2. Incurvate, crooked, as in Arctium,. ..Marrubium,... Xan-

THruM,...and Petiveria.

VIII. Stimuli, stings, keep off naked animals by their venom-

ous punctures, as in Urtica,... Jatropha, ...Acalypha, ... and
Tragia.

IX. Aculei, prickles, keep off particular animals, as in Vol-

KAMERrA,...PlSONlA,...CiESALPINIA,... MlMOSA,... PaRKINSONIA, ...

CaPPARIS,. .ErYTHRYNA,
. . . .ROBINIA,. .SOLANUM,
. . . .ClEOME, . . .SmI-
lax,. . .Convolvulus, . . . Akali a, ...Du rant a, ..Xylon, . . . .Drypis,...
Euphorbia,... Tragacantha,... and Tragopogon. In Hugonia
the Aculei are spiral or cirrhose*.

X. Furcje, forks, are a defence cgainst animals in general, as

in Berberis, ... Ribes, ... Gleditsia, ... Mesembp.yanthemum,...

OsTE05PEUMUM,...BaLLOTA,.., BaRLERIA,... FAGOMA,...and Pote-
K1UM.

XI. Spina, thorns, serve to keep off cattle : these are either,

On the bravches, as in Pyrus,. ..Prunus,... Citrus,. .. Hippo-

j>hae,...Gmelina,... Rhamnus,... Lycium,...Catesbea,... Celas-

trus,... Ulex,... Asparagus,... Spartium,...Achyronia..... Xime-
nia, ... Ononis,... St achys,...Alyssum, and Cichorium.

On the Aloe,. ..Agave,. ..Yucca,... Ilex,... Hip.

leaves, as in

»omane,...Theophuasta,...Carlina,...Cynara,...Onopordum,...

jiven, to be applied to thorns or prickles that come out in rows, or in some regu-
lar order. No English word occurs that is exactly expressive of the
term in thi:
sense. Author.
• From Cirrhus, a clasper or tendril. Editor.
 DIFFERENT KINDS OF APPENDAGES. 455

Morina,...Acanthus,..,.Gundelia,...Juniperus,...Salsola,...Po-
LYGALA,...RuSCliS,...BoRBQNlA,...STATICE,...OviEDA,...and CuF-
F0RTIA.
On the calj/x, as in Carduus,...Cnicus,...Centaurea,...Mo-
LUCELLA,...and Galeopsis; or,
On the fruit, as in Trapa,...Tribulus,...Murex,. ..Spinach*,
...AcRi.M QNiA,...and
J Datura.

CHAP. XIX.

OF GLANDULATION.

GLANDULATION respects the secretory vessels ; which arr

cither Glandules,. ..Follicles,. ..or Utricles.

\. Glandules* are either,

1. Petiolar, when they are on the petioles, as in Ricinus,...

Jatropha,...Passiflora,... Cassia,. ..and Mimosa.

2. Foliaceous, when they are produced from the leaves: and

these are either from the serrutures, as in Salix from the
base, as in Amygdalus,;..Cucurbita,...El.teocarpus,...Impatien9,
. ..Padus,... and Opulus from the back, as in Ukena,...Tama-
Rix,...and Croton ;..,or from the surface, as in Pinguecula,. ..and
Drosera.

3. Stipular, when they are produced from the stipula, as in

BAUHiNiA,...and Armeniaca.

» ^co Chap. VIII.

456 LACTESCENCE.

4. Capillary, like hairs, as in Ribes,... Antirrhinum Quadri-

FOLIUM,...ScROPHULARIA,...CERASTIUM,...and SlLENE J
Or,

5. Pores only, as in TAMARix,...and Silene Viscaria.

II. Follicles*, are vessels distended with air, as in Utricula-

*ia, at the root of which there are roundish vessels that are in-
flate, and have two horns and in Aldrovanda also, at the

leaves of which there are pot-shaped follicles that are semicir-

cular.

III. Utricles-]-, are vessels filled with a secreted liquor. Thus

in Nepenthes, the extremity of the leaves terminate in a thread,

and this thread terminates in a cylinder, the top of which is

closed with a lid that opens on the edge ;...in Sarracena also, the
leaves are hooded almost like those of Nepenthes, but sessile at

the root;... and in Margravia, from the centre of the umbel

there are vessels produced, which resemble the ringent corolla
of the Galeopsis, but without the under lip.

CHAP. XX.

OF LACTESCENCE.

LACTESCENCE, milkiness, is when a copious juice flows out

on any injury done to the plant. The colour of the liquor is

either,

1. White, as in Euphorbia,... Papaver,... Asclepias,.,. Apo-

* The word signifies a little bladJei filled with wind. Editor.

f The word signifies a bottle. Editor.
 INFLORESCENCE. 457

CYNUM,... CYNANCHUM, ... CAMPANULA, ... LOBELIA, ... JaSIONE,...

Acer,. ..Selinum,... Rhus,. ..Cactus Mamillary,. ..and the semi-

jlosculose flowers of Toumefuri*.

2. Yellow, as in Chelidonium,...Bocconia,..,Sanguinaria,...

Cambogia; or,

3. Red, as in Rumex Sanguinea.

CHAP. XXI.

OF INFLORESCENCE.

INFLORESCENCE, is the manner in which the flowers are

fastened to the plant by the peduncle. Plants, in respect to J«-

fiorescence, are distinguished into,

1 . Verticillate, with the flowers in whorls, as in Marruijium.

2. Corymb iferous, bearing the flowers in corymbi, as in sili-

quose plantsf.

3. Spicate, with the flowers in spikes, as in Phytolacca,...

Arum,. ..Phcenix,... Piper, &c.

4. Paniculate, with the flowers in panicles, as in sundry of

the grasses.

* Sonchus —Lactuca, &c. These make one of the classes of TounttforCs

Inst. R. H. Author.
f Myagrum —Anastatic/, &c. The siliquose plants make an order In the

Mcth. Nat. Frag. See Phil, Bot. page 34, where the plants here meant are enu-
merated. Author.

1
 ii>8 SPECIFIC DISTINCTIONS.

5. Axillary flowers are such as come out from the wings of

the leaves or branches, which is the most common case.

6. Oppositifoliol's, such as come out opposite to the leaves, as

in Piper,... Saururus,... Phytolacca,... Dulcamara, ...Vrns,...

ClSSUS,... CoRCHORUS,... GERANIUM,... RANUNCULUS AqUATILIS,...
and the annual species of Cistus.

7. Interfoliaceous, such as come out between the opposite

leaves, but are placed alternately, as in Asclepias.

8. Latekifolious, such as come out at the side of the base of

the leaf, as in CLAYTONiA,...SoLANUM,...and the Asperifolije*.

9. Petiolar, when the peduncle is inserted in the petiole, as

in Hibiscus,. ..and Turnera.

10. Cirp.hiferous, such as bear cirrhi, as in Cadiospermum,

...and Vitis.

1 1. Supra-Axillary, such as come out above the wings, as in

the AspER!FOLi«,...and in Potentilla Monspeliensjs.

CHAP. XXII.

OF SPECIFIC DISTINCTIONS.

WE have treated of generic differences in the last five Chap-

ters of the Second Part of this work, we come now to treat
of the specific ones. For this a foundation has been lain in the

* PaUamhia Mortigyma, Distinction l. Avthor.

 SPECIFIC DISTINCTIONS. 459

preceding Chapters of this Third Part, by the explanation of

those parts of the vegetable on which the difference of the spe-
cies most commonly depends ; but it is necessary to observe,
that the fructification, which we treated of in the First Part, as

preparatory to the distinctions of the classes and genera, has its

influence likewise in many cases upon the species, as will appear

in the course of this Chapter.

Generic differences we have shown to depend on the form of

the fructification, and to be confined to that alone. Specific dif-

ferences take their rise from any circumstance, wherein plants of

the same genus are found to disagree; provided such circum-
stance is constant, and not liable to alteration by culture or other
accidents. Hence Linnceus asserts, the species to be as many as

there were different forms of vegetables produced at the crea-

tion ; and considers all casual differences, as varieties of the

same species.
Towards the end of the last century, the dtsire of increasing

the number of plants had so seized the botanists of that time,

that new species were established on too slight differences, to the

great detriment of the science ; and the same eagerness led them
also to set down as new genera what should have been species
onlv. This evil was in some measure unavoidable, whilst there
were no fixed principles for the regulation of the science in this

respect. A remedy to it was first attempted by Vaillant ; after-

wards by Jussieu, Jlailer, Roj/tn, Gran ovins,and others ; and

lastly by Linnwus, whose aphorisms have brought this work much
nearer to perfection. Something indeed seems still wanting to

complete these doctrines; but perhaps more is not to be ex-

pected, till this branch of natural philosophy receives farther
assistance from experiment.
We shall treat in this Chapter of those circumstances by which
species are distinguished with certainly, reserving the varieties fof

the Chapter following.

The Root often affords a rerkl specific difference*, and is somc-

* In Fe Maria Bulb'jsAj 'lie gro.iwj au.l less sovts uhh ;t holljie root, and tfos
400 SPECIFIC DISTINCTIONS.

times the chief distinction, as in Scilla, where the species are

scarce to be distinguished, but by the bulbs being tunicate,... so-

lid,. ..or squamo$e}...and in Orchis, where the species are known

by the roots being fibrose,... round,... or testiculate ; but as access

cannot always be convenie ntly had to this part of the plant, it is

better to fix the specific distinction on some other circumstance,

if the case will admit of it.

The Trunk often furnishes a sure mark of distinction. Thus

in Hypericum*',. ..Convallaria-]-,... and Hedysarum;*;, there are

many species distinguishable by the angles of the stem ;...and in

Lupinus, the species are not easy to be known, except by the
same part being simple or compound. In Eriocaulon, the most
remarkable difference is in the Culm us, which is quinquangular
...hexangular,.. .decangular, &c. In Pyrola, some species are di-
stinguished by a triquetrous scapus. In Citrus, the aurantimn is

distinguished from its congeners by its petioles, which are wing-

ed, or increased by a membrane on each side;. ..and in Gom-
phrena, there is a species § distinguished by its peduncles, which
are.diphyllous, being furnished with two opposite folioles that
are placed under the head of the flowers.

The Leaves exhibit most natural and also most elegant spe-
cific differences. These have been so amply treated of already,

that it would be only repetition to particularise or exemplify the

numerous cases that occur of such distinctions.

Fulcra are generally a good mark of distinction, and must be

carefully attended to by the botanist, for the determination of
the species ; as we shall show by many examples, where the
difference consists principally in those parts of the plant. Thus,

greater and less sorts with a root riot hollow, appear hy the whole hahit of the plants

to be varieties only, as will he observed in t lie next Chapter. Author.

* Hypericum Hirsutum (Lin. Spec. Plant. 786.) caule — Hypericum
tcreti

Perforatum (Lin. Spec. Plant. 785.) caule ancipili —Hypericum Quadrangulum

(Lin. Spec. Plant. £85.) caufe quadrangulo. Editor.
+ Con vallari a Poi.ygonatum (Lin. Spec. Plant. 315.) caule ancipiti —Cok-
vallaria Multiflora (Lin.Spec. Plant. 015.) caule tcreti. Editor.

X HedysarumTriquetrum (Lin. Spec. Plant. 746.) caule triquctro. Editor

§ Gomphruxa Globo&a (Lm. Spec. Plant. 224.) Author.
 SPECIFIC DISTINCTIONS. 461

Aculci are remarkable in Rlbus.

Spines in Prunus.

Bract ea in FuMAUiA,...DR\cocEPHALON,...and the Indian spe-

cies of Hedysarum ; to which must be added the Coma, which is

a bushy head, composed of bractect, that are of a large size, and

terminate the stem in Corona Imperialis,... Lavandula,. ..and
Salvia.
Glandules furnish the essential mark in Padus,...Uren \,. ..Mi-
mosa,. ..Cassia, and many other genera, which it would be im-
possible to distinguish without being acquainted with this part.
They are found on the serratures, at the base of the leaves, ill

HELiocARPUS,...SALix,...and Amvgdalus ;...on the back of the

leaves in PADUS,...URENA,...and Passiflora ;...and on the aculei

in Bauhinia Aculeata, where by the apex of the aculci a liquor

is secreted. The Amygdalus is distinguished from Persica only

by the glandules of the serratures',... nor could the species of

Urena be ever fixed without examining the glandules of the
leaves. The Convolvulus with a tuberculate calyx, is so varia-
ble in the shape of its leaves, that it seems divisible into many
species, yet it is kept together by the glandules : and there is a
species of Monard a, distinguishable from its congeners, by the
glandules, that are sprinkled over the corolla.

Stipul.e are of great consequence in many extensive genera,

where the species are liable to confusion. Thus in one species

of Melianthus the stipule are solitary in the other they are in

pairs and the Cassia Auriculata is rendered distinct from all

its congeners, by the shape of its stipules, which are reniform

and barbate.
Hybernacles afford likewise a certain specific difference.

That gems or buds often diller greatly in the same genus, is

proved by Rhamnus; in which the various species, viz. Cervi-

spina.... Alaternls,... Paliurus,... and Frangula, have all a
difference in their buds ; and in that extensive and intricate ge-
nus, the Salix, the specie* are, by the structure and foliation

of the buds, distinguished with great certainty.

Bulbs also distinguish the species, as h proved by Scii.t.a, where

 162 SPECIFIC DISTINCTIONS.

they afford a real, and almost the only distinction ; and by their
situation in the axilla of the leaves, they determine Bentarium,
...LlLIUM,...ORNITHOGALUM,...S.\XlFRAGA,...and BlSTORTA.

Inflorescence affords the truest, and in most genera the most

elegant distinction. Thus in spira-a, the flowers are in some spe-
cies duplicato-racemose ;..<in others corymbose?... and in others
again, umbellate /...without which characters there would be no
certainty of the species.

The peduncle, or flower-stalk, which is the foundation of the

characters of inflorescence, varies as to the manner of its support-
ing the flowers; and is said to be,

1. Flaccid, wanting firmness; when it is so weak as to be

bowed down by the weight of the flower itself.

2. Cernuus, nodding; when it is incurvate at the apex, so

that the flower inclines to one side, or towards the ground, and
cannot preserve an erect posture, by reason of the strict curva-
ture of the peduncle, as in Carpesilm,...Bidens Rad r ata, . . <Car-
duus Nutans,... S-'cabiosa Alpina,... Helianthus Annuus,... and
CNICUS SlBIRlCUS.

3. Bearing fastigiate flowers; when the ped/cclli*, or partial

foot-stalks elevate the fructification into a fascicle, so that they
are of an equal height at the top, as if they had been shorn off
horizontally, as in Dianthi;s and Sh.ene.

4. Patulus, spreading; when it is branched out everyway,

so that the flowers stand remote from each other. This stands
opposite to Coarctate, close.

5. Bearing Conglomerate flowers ; when it is branched, and

bears the flowers in close compact heaps, and is therefore op-
posed to a dijj'mc pannicle.

* In this, and some other places, the Philo'ophia Bofaniea has peiioU for pedi^

rellus ; but the latter is the proper term Tor the partial foot-stdk ol -\ flower.

Chap. IV. Auvhor.

 SPECIFIC DISTINCTIONS. 4G3

6. Articulate, jointed; when it is furnished with a joint, as

in OxALi3,...SiD.\,...and Hibiscus.

7. Coming out in pairs, as in Capraria, and Oldenlandia

B i flora.

8. Tern, or three, from the same axilla, as in Impatiens Tri-

flora.

9. Flexuose, bending divers ways, or Undulate, zvaved, as

in Aira Flexuosa.

10. Remaining on the plant after the fructification is fallen,

as in J am bo lifer a,... Ochk a,... and Justicia.

1 1. Incrassate, thickened towards the flower, as in Cotul a, . .

Tracopogon, and most cernuous flowers.

The parts of Fructification often furnish most certain and

constant specific differences. Linmcus tells us he was once of

a contrary opinion ; and held, that as the flower was of short
duration, and its parts commonly very minute, recourse should

not be had to the fructification for specific differences, till all

other ways had been tried and found ineffectual ; but as the fruc-
tification contains more distinct parts than all the rest of the

plant taken together, and certitude is found throughout nature to

depend mostly on her minuter parts, he has since readily ad-
mitted this distinction.
In Gentiana, the species cannot any way be distinguished, if

the flower is not admitted as a specific character; but they are

easily distinguished by their corolla:, which vary in being campa-
niform, ..rotate, . . . . infundibidiform, ..quinquefid, ..quadrijid, ..octo
. . .

fid, &c.
In Hypericum, the species are distinguished by the flowers

being tri^ynous*, ot peiUagynousf

In Geranium, the African species are distinguishable from
their European congeners, by the corolla being irregular, and
also by the connexion of their stamina.

* With tLrre «yl«s. Editor. + With five styles. Eqjto*.

 464 SPECIFIC DISTINCTIONS.

In Lichen, the fructification is distinguishable into Tubercu-

lum, a little biob, which is a fructification, consisting of rough
points collected like a heap of dust Scutellum, a mail buck-
ler, which is a concave orbiculate fructification, the margin of

which is elevated on every side ;...or Pelt a, a little shield, which

is a plane fructification fastened for the most part to the margin
of the leaf*.
In Mosses, the Capitulum, or little head, is an Anthera.
In Grasses, Spicula, a little spike, is a partial one ; the Aris-

ta is tortile, twisted, when it has a twisted joint in the middle.

Articulus, a joint, is the part of the culmus that lies between
two geniculi, or knots.

A radiate compound flower consists of disk and radius. Tho

radius is composed of irregular corollulce in the circumference;

and the disk of smaller corullulae, that are for the most part re-
gular.

A decompound flower contains within the same calyx lesser

calyces, that are each of them common to many flowers, as in

Sph^ranthus.
Thp Corolla is said to be equal, when its parts are equal in
figure, magnitude, and proportion ;
...unequal, when the parts
answer in proportion, though not in magnitude, so that the

flower comes out to be regular;... regular, when it is equal in re-

spect to the figure, magnitude, and proportion of the parts ir-

regular, when the parts of the limb differ in figure, magnitude,

or proportion. Rictus, a gaping, or grinning, is the gap or
opening between the two lips of the corolla. Faux, the gorge-,

or gullet, is the opening of the tube of the corolla. Palatum, the

palate, is a gibbosity, or bunching out in the faux of the corolla.
Calcar, a spur, is a nectarium extending in a cone in the hinder
part of the corolla. The corolla is Urceolate, pitcher-shaped,

* The terms explained here, and in the following paragraphs, respect such cir-
cumstances of the parts of fructification as concern rather the specific differences
than the classic, or generic ones; and we have therefore followed Linntem in sub-
joining them to this head, notwithstanding that some few of them have been already
mentioned and explained in the First Part of this work. Author.
 VARIETIES. 465

when it is inflate and gibbous on all s'ules, after the manner of

that vessel ;...Cyathifokm, shaped like a drin/ang-glass, when it

is cylindric, but widening a little towards the upper part ^..Con-

niving, when there is a convergency of the points of the several
lobes of the limb; or, Lacera, rent, when the limb is finely
cut.

The Anther a is versatile*,... and incumbcntf, when it is fasten-

ed on at its side;. ..and erect, when it is fastened on at its

base.
The Pericarpium is inflate, pujj'cd, when it is hollow, like a
bladder, and not tilled up with seeds Prismatic, prism-shupcd,
when it is a linear polyedron, with plane sides Turbinate, top-

shaped, when it tapers towards the base, as in Pyrus Con-

tort, twisted, when it turns spirally, as in Ulmaria,...Helic-
teres, .... and Thalictrum ; ... Acinaciform, falchion-shaped,
when the fruit is compressed, like a blade, one of the longitudi-
nal angles being obtuse, and the other acute ;..,Echinate, prick-
ly, like an echitiust, when it is beset on all sides with spines or

aculei ;...Torose§, brawny, when it is here and there gibbous,

with brawny swellings or prominences, as in Lycopersicon,...

and Phytolacca.

* Easily turned about. Editor.

f Resting on. Editor.

% Hedge-hoc:. Editoh.

§ Torus signifies properly the rise or swelling out of the strong muscles of an

arm. Editor.

2 II
 VARIETIES.

CHAP. XXIII.

OF VARIETIES.

THE collecting of Varieties under their proper species, is a

work no less necessary than that of collecting the several spe-
cies under their proper genus. We have observed in the last

Chapter, that such differences as are only incidental to vegetables,

and are not found constant and unchangeable in them, are to be
considered as varieties only. These varieties are grounded chiefly
on the following circumstances, viz. sex, ...magnitude, ...time of
flowering, . . colour, . . . scent, . . . taste, . . . virtues and tises d uration,
... multitude, ...pubescence,., .leaves,. ..and monstrous flotvers. Of all
which we shall treat in their order.

The Sex of plants in the class Dicecia affords a variety of all

others the most natural; for the male and female flowers in this
class being upon different plants, these last are distinguished by
the fructification, though the species is the same in both. But it

must be observed, that this kind of variety holds only in the class
Diaxia; for in the genera that belong to any of the bisexual
classes, the same circumstance, whenever it happens, becomes a
specific distinction: thus in Re a ex, which belongs to the class
Hcxandria, the Acetosa and Acetosella, being dicccius plants;
that is, having their male and female flowers on distincts roots,
these species are thereby distinguished from the rest of the
genus.

Magnitude no specific difference, -but a variety, being

is
lia-
ble to alteration from the soil or climate.

The Time of flowering is a treacherous mark of a distinct spe-

cies; and unless supported by other distinctions, can only be
considered as a variety.
 VARIETIES. 467

Colour is found so changeable in the same species, that it

must be considered as a variety only.

In Floweks the colour is most variable, as in Tulipa, .. .Hepa-

tic a,... Cy anus,... Campanula,... Aqui leg i a, ...Viola, ...G- a leg a,
. . .Fu maria, and others, which it would be tedious to enumerate :

...the most usual change is from blue or red to white. The trifl-

ing distinctions which have been made by anlhophiii (florists),

in some of the genera we have here instanced, from the colours

of the corolloe, and to which they have given such pompous
names*, are most difficult to attain, and to be accomplished only
by a long attention to the subject. Much fashion reigns here.

Fruits are observed to change their colour as they ripen; the

pericarpium, when it is a berry, changing from green to red, and

fromjed to white ; and in ripe fruits, the colour, whether white,
red, or blue, admits of variation, as in Pyrus,...Prunus,...Ceka-

sus, and othersf.

Seeds rarely vary in their colour, though there are instances

of it in Papaver,... AvENA,...PiiASEOLUs,...PisuM,...and Faba}.

* 'Phoebus, Triumpluts Flora,

Apollo, Pompa Floral,

Astrcea, • Splendor Asia,

Dcedalus, Corona Europte,
Cupido, Gemma Ihllaudice. Author.

f Solan um Guineense fnictu nigcrrimo (B)

Solanum Annuum baccis luleis fDiUen.)
Sulanum Judaicum buccis duranliis (Dillen.)
Runus Vulgaris major fructu alio (Raj)
Ribes Vulcaue acidum a/bus barcas ferciis (J. IS) Author.

X Papaver Hortense lOgh) serving (C. B.)

Papaver Hortense semi/w albo (C. B.)
A vena Vulgaris if alba (C. B.)

Avlna Nigra (C. B.)

Phaseolus Vulgaris frudu violaceo (Tnvrn.)
Piiaseolus Vulgaris fructu ex rulro et nigra varkgaio (Tournj
Phaseolus fructu albo venis nigris et litwris distincbo (Tourn)
Pisu.m Maximum frudu nigra hnea maculalo (H. R. P.)

Pisum Hortense Jiorc frucluquc. varicgalo (C. B)

Faba ex rubicundo colore purpuruscade. Author.
2H2
 VARIETIES.

Roots are also little subject to alteration in colour ; yet a va-

riation is observed in the roots of Daucus,... and Raphanus*'.

Leaves are rarely found to quit their green, but they are co-
loured in A m a k an th u s, ... and frequently become spotted, as in

Persicakia,... Ranunculus,... Orchis, ... Hieracium, and Lac-

TUCAf.

The ivholc plant is often found to vary in its colour, as in

Eryngium,...Abrotanum,... Artemisia,...Atrii>lex,...Amaran-
THus,...PoRTULAccA,...and LactucaJ.

Scent in plants is, of all other circumstances, the least to be

depended on; and therefore all species grounded on a distinction

in the scent only, are to be rejected, and referred to varieties.

Taste in plants is a circumstance variable from soil or cul-

ture, and not to be depended on as a real difference. The di-

stinctions of gardeners in fruit of the same species, is considered

by Linnaus as a variety too minute even to enter the province of
botany; and therefore the various names§, which have been

* Daucus Sativus radice alia CToum-J

Daucus Sativus radice lutea (Toum.)

Daucus Sativus radice auranlii colons (Toimi.j
Daucus Sativus radice alrc-ruhente fTournJ
Raphanus Niger (C. BJ Author.
f Persicaria mm maculis firrum cquinnm rcfcrentiliis (TournJ
Ranunculus Hederaceus atra macula notatus.

Orchis Pai.mata palustris maciilata (C. BJ

Hieracium Alpinum. maculalum CTour/i.)
Lactuca maculosa (C. B.J Author.
% Eryngium latifolium planum cattle ex ririrfi /Millescente Jlore alio (TournJ
Abrotanum caulicidis aU-icanlihcs (Tourn.J
Artemisia vulgaris major caulc ex viridi albicanie CTourn.J
Atriplex hortensis rubra (C. BJ
Amaranthus sylvestris ma.rimus Novar/liigliai spitis purpureis ( TournJ
Portui.acc a suliva foliisflavis (MorisJ
Lactuca capital a rubra fi. Author.
§ Poma ParaJisiaca, Pyra Falerna,
Prasonula, Favonia,
Rulelliana, • Boni Christiana,
BofStO/rphic fta Crustamina,
/Ippiancr, Picaia,
Melimda, Lilraria. Avtiiop.
 VARIETIES. 469

given to these distinctions, cannot be taught in the science of

botany, though, for the purposes of horticulture, they have their
use.

The Virtues and Uses of plants furnish no specific difference ;

and the distinctions, therefore, of physical writers are not always

to be depended on.

The Duration of plants is no sure mark of distinct species,

being often owing rather to the place, than to the nature of the
plant. In warm regions, plants that are annual with us will be-
come perennial,... or arborescent, as is found in Tkop/eolu m,... Be-
ta,. ..Majorana,... Malva Arborea, &c. ; and on the contrary,
cold regions will occasion perennial plants to become annual, as
is observed in Ricinus,...Mirabilis*, &c.

Multitude, or quantity, is an accidental circumstance in plants,

and cannot conclude any thing, whether the increase be of the

plant itself, or of its routs, stems, leaves, or fructification.

Pubescence is an uncertain mark, as by culture and change

of soil, plants are subject to lose as well their spines as their

hair or down.

Leaves, though they for the most part furnish most elegant
specific differences, as has been observed in the last Chapter, are

yet subject to luxuriation in the same species, which must be

carefullv distinguished. This may respect their opposition and

composition, and also their being crisp (curled), ... or bullute (blad-

dery).

In respect to Opposition, opposite leaves will sometimes be-

come ternate, ...quuiernate,... or quinale, growing by threes, fours,

or fives; and then the stem also from Quadrangular, square,

will become po/ygonous, of many sidesf.

* Ricinus and Miiumus, are naturally perennial plants, and are only killed by
J'rost in cold countries. Author.

f Lysimachia lutect major foliis tends (Toum.)

Lysi.machia lutea major film quaternis (Toum-)
470 VARIETIES.

In respect to Composition, digitate leaves will frequently gain

an addition of one or more folioics*.

Crisp, curled leaves are a very frequent variety. In Tana-

cetum,... Mentha,... Ocymum, ... and Matricaria, which are
scented plants, there is this singularity observable, that when
the leaves are curled, the scent is heightened by the crispaturef.

Bullate, bladdery leaves are generally produced from such as

are Rugose, wrinkled; and this is owing to the increase of the

substance of the leaf within its vessels, which occasions it to

swell and rise. In the Saponaiua Coscava Anglican a, a bul-

late leaf is produced in a singular manner from the defect of
wrinkles; for here the margin of the leaf contracting itself, the
leaves become hollow, like a spoon J.
Plants are sometimes found to vary from broad-leaved to nar-
row-leaved ; but this variation is less frequent §.

Monstrous flowers, such as the rmdtiplicate, full, or proliferous,

Lysimachia hitea major foliis quinis (TournJ

Anaoallis ca-ridca foliis liinis terttisive ex adverso nascentibus (Rqj.J
Anagai.us Vh ami ecu. foliis ampUi/rihus ex adverso qvaterms (Tourn.J
Saucaria tvjolia eav.lt Hexagoito (ToumJ. Author.
* Trifolium quadrifolium hortensc album (C. BJ Author.
f Malva crista (J.B.J
Mentha crispa Damta (Park.J
Tanacetum foliis crispis (C. B.J
Matricaria Crispa.
Ocymum latijoliummaculatum vcl cfispum (C. B.J
-
I O&OtimJblHs hdlalis (C. B.J
Urassica undidaln (Rsn-alntJ
Lactuca capitate foliis magi$ rvgosis (BJ
Lactuca capkata major foliis rugesis el contortit (B
Lactuca capitals omnium maxima verrucosa (BJ Author.
§ Hehaci.eum liirsutum foliis angustiorilnts (C.B.J
Lvcorus foliis in profitrtdas lacinias incisis (Tourn.J
Brwica angusto apii folio (C. B.J
Veronica Austriaca foliis tenidssime lacirtiatis (Tourn.J
Sambucvs lacinialo folio (C. BJ
Sonchcs asper laciniatus (C. B.J
Valeriana Syloestris folds te.wissime divisis (C. B.J Author.
 VARIETIES. 47 i

derive their origin from natural ones, therefore are to be uonsi-

dered only as a variety from luxuriance.

Upon the whole, the change of soil is found to have a great ef-
fect on the nature of plants ; and to this many of the varieties
above mentioned must be imputed ; as in Buxus,...Xanthium,...

Acanthus,... Cinara,...Puunella, ...Myosotis,... Crista Galli,...

and Cerinthe*; which would all return to their old conditions if
the soil were changed again : and in like manner the improve-
ments which are made by culture in the plants cultivated for
sale, as in Vitis,.. .Malum, ...Pyrus,...Amygdalus,...Peusica,....
Asparagus,. ..Cerasus ; and in grain, pulse, and/rw/i of all kinds,

are not to be esteemed as lasting : for all these, if left to them-

selves in a poor soil, would run off again, and resume the qualities

they had when they grew wild.

The Soil has some effect also upon leaves ; for though it is less

common for the leaves to differ on the same plant, as they do in

some species of Lepiimum, ...Tithymalus, ... Rudbeckia, ... and
Hibiscus-}-; yet it is observed, that watry soils are apt to produce

a division in the lower leaves of the plant, and even to render ca-
pillary such as are produced under the water, as in some species
of Ranunculus and Sisymbrium;); ; and also in Ctcuta,...Sium,...

Phf.llandiuum....(Enantke, &c. : and on the contrary, that

* Buxus arborescens (C B.J

Buxus humilis (Dod.J
Xanthium CDod.J Xanthium Caiiadense majus (Touni.J
Acanthus mollis (C. B.J Acanthus acukatus (C. BJ
Cinaka aadeata (C. B^i Cjnara nori arulcata (C. B J
Brunella fDod.J Bin.NF.LLA aoruleo magnaflare CC.B.J
Myosotis foliis hirsulis (7/. C.J et foliis giabris 0K.Q.J
CRtSTA Galli famina C-J-B J etmat. (J.'Mj
Cerinthe fore ex ridro purpurascente CC. B.J et Jlavo fore aspcrior CC. B.J
Author.
heterophyllus fPZum. Pluk.Alm. 112./.
f Tithymalus 6.J

Rudbf.ckia foliis infcnoribus trilobis, superioribus indivisis (Bart. Upsal.J

\\\msc\:% foliis viferioriluswtegris, superioribus trilobis (Hart, Cliff.J

Lepidium foliis caulinis pinnalo-mullijidis, rameis cordalis amplexicaulibus

integris (11. CJAutiior.

I Ranunculus aqvaiicus folio r* tundb et cd^rillaceo (C. B.J

Sisymbrium foliis swipliribiis drntalis sarcitis (H. C-J Author.
472 VARIETIES.

mountainous plants usually have their upper leaves more divided,

and their lower ones more entire, as in PiiifMNWiliA».-..FlBTitOBlLi-

NUM,...ANisuM,...and Com andklm.

Varieties may generally be explained and reduced under their
proper species with case, by conferring 'he variable marks of the
variety with the natural plant : but there are some few H idch are
attended with difficulty, and require judgement and experience;
as in some species of Hei.leijokus*, ...Gent ana jv .. Fum aria*,... 1

Valeriana §,...Scoiti'iURus ||,.. .and Medicago«{[. In respect to

the Ft \ in question, it is known to be one species only, by
the mm. f its perianthium, the scale of its bud, the struc-
ture of its lea\ , the situation of the branch, the place of the
braciea. the corolla, siliqua, seeds, and stigma ; but it varies in

the division of its bractea, and in the root being more or less

hollow : and that the Valerians here spoken of are all of the
same species, though they differ so greatly in the fruit, and of-

ten in having their if aves more cut, is also proved from their di-
chotomous stems and annual roots, and from the structure of their

* Hklleborus aconiti folio, florc glolwo crocco- (Amm. ruth. 101.) Trollius
humilis fort patula (Stfxb. cent. 1. p. 15. 1. 22.) Farietas Hellel-ori Trnllii (FL
Sues. 475) h'eclariis umgitudme coroll.v. Author.
f Gestiana c&roUa hypoirateri formi Tid-o villi* clattso, calycis foliis altemis
majorihis (FL Lao. 94,) Furieta* gentians faace barbata (fl. Slice. 204.) Jlore
quodiifulo ct calycinis laciaiis attends duplo latioribus. Author.
X Fumaria hdbosa radice cava ct mm cava major et minor. Author.
§ Valeriana arvensi* prceeox humilis, semine compresso (~T.J
Valeriana arvensis prtvcox humilis, foliis serrotis (T.J
Valeriana amends sen tina alHof, emine turgidiore (Mor.J
Valeriana ierftrne umbiliiato tatdo rotunda (Mor.J
Valeriana teniine vrnN.'icato mid- c.ngo (Mor.J

Valeuianri la sondn e umbiUeatd hirsute mtgore (Mor.J

Valehianf.lla semine timbiUcato hirtuso minorc (Mor.J
Valp.rianei.la Ctclica, fructu vesirario (Tourn. Cor.J
Valerianeli.a semine. stellato (C. BJ Author.
||
Scorpioidbs siliqua c&mpaide hispida (J. B )
Scorpioioes siliqua eorhleafa et striata. Ulissiponensis (T.J
Scorpioides Bupleuri folio sitiqiiis leinbus (Park J
Scorpioides silij-ua crassa fBo'elU Ger.J Author.
I Medicac;o liguminilus cochlcatis, stipulis, dentatis, caitle
ditfuso (H. C.J
Author.
 VARIETIES. 473

leaves, corollse, and seeds. Nor should the species of Scorpiu-

jrus and Medicago here instanced be either of them parted, al-

though there is so remarkable a diversity in the fruit of the indi-

viduals. In the Medicago* i*i particular, the forms of the real

snails, which nature lias imitated in these plants, are scarce more
diversified than is the fruit of this mimic species; so that the

botanist, who is studious of varieties, would hardly find any end

to his labour, of pursuing nature through the various shapes
which she has so sportively adopted.

The whole order of the Fungi, to the scandal of the science,

is still a chaos, the botanists not being yet able, in these, to de-
cide with certainty what is a species, and what a variety f.

Malicago sculcliata, Medicago hirsuta, .

orlicidata, lupidina,
eckiiiata, spinosa,
lurbinata, •nigosa,

coroiiata, polycarpos,
doliata, dicarpos,

ciliaris, Arabiaca,
tornata, Cretica. Author.
f Much, however, is expected in this department, from the ingenious labours of
'he President of the Liniuean Society, Dr. Smith. Editor.
 TABLE VI.

DEFINITIONS
OF

THE BOTANIC TERMS,

IN LATIN AND ENGLISH,

FROM THE TERMINI BOTANICI OF LINNAEUS,

Consisting of the various Kinds of Roots, Trunks, Branches,

Leaves, and Fructification, &c in their natural Arrange-
ment*.

RADTX, THE ROOT,

An Organ by which a Plant receives its Nourisfonenl.

I. Duration.
1 ANNUA, annual, that dies in one year.
2 Biennis, biennial, that dies in the space of two years.
3 Perennis, perennial, that regerminates several years suc-
cessively.

IL Figure.
4 Fibrosa, fibrous, consisting entirely of filaments.
5 Ramosa, ramous, subdivided into branchy fibres.

6 Fusiformis, spindle-shaped, simple, and gradually lessening

downward.

* The reader will find in Doctor Thornton's " Elementary Botanical Plates," a
number of very excellent plates, explanatory of the definitions of the science, which
may be consulted together with our plates.
 TABLE VI. 475

7 Prjemorsa, bitten, or gnawed.

8 Repens, creeping horizontally, and putting forth radicles down-
ward, and shooting upwards.
9 Articulata, jointed, divided into joints. ,

10 Dentata, toothed, having rows of knobs, like teeth.

1 1 Globosa, round (158), roots springing from the sides of others.

12 Tuberosa, tuberous, consisting of fleshy bodies connected by
slender fibres.
13 Fascicularis, bunched, fleshy roots sessile, connected at the
base (150).
14 Palmata, handed, fleshy lob ate roots, like fingers (184-).

15 Bulbosa, furnished with a bulb (655).

If) Granulata, granulated, round fleshy roots, like seeds.

TRUNCUS, THE TRUNK OR STEM,

The Organ lohich supports the Branches, Leaves, and Fructification:

I. Kinds.
17 Caulis, a stem, which elevates the fructification and leaves.
18 Culmus, a straw, properly the trunk of grasses.
10 ScAPUi . a stalk, elevating the fructification and not the leaves.

20 Stipes, a trunk, that expands itself into a leaf.

II. Duration.
21 Herbaceous, herb-like, that perishes every year; an annual
stem, not wood v.
22 Suffruticosus, suffruticous, half shrubby, the root permanent,
and the branches sometimes withering.
23 Fruticosus, shrubby, with perennial stalks arising from the
root, that are woody.
24- Arboreus, tree-like, with a single woody stem from the same
root.

25 Solidus, solid, without internal pores.

2r3 Inanis, pithy, filled with a spongy substance.
27 Fistulosus, fistulous, hollow like a pipe.

III. Direction.
28 Erectus, erect, rising nearly to a perpendicular direction.

29 Strtctus, straight, perpendicular without flexure.

476 TABLE VI.

30 Rigidus, hard, not easily bent,

31 Laxus4 loose, easily bent.

32 OBLiauus, aivry, in a direction neither perpendicular nor ho

rizontal.

33 Adscendens, rising upwards, with a curve like an arch.

34 DeclIxNatus, declined, bending downwards archways.
35 Incurvatus, inatrvaie, bending inwards.
36 Nutans, nodding, the top or head bent downwards.
37 Diffusus, diffuse, with spreading branches.
38 Procumbens, procumbent, lying on the ground.
39 Stoloniferus, producing shoots, or runners from the root.
40 Sarmentosus, thread- like, producing roots from the joints.

41 Repens, creeping, trailing on the ground, and here and there

producing roots.

42 Radicans, rooting, striking root laterally, and fixing to other

bodies.

43 Geniculatus, jointed, divided by knots or round swellings.

44 Flexuosus, waved, bent backwards and forwards from bud
, to bud.

45 Scandens, climbing, generally by the support of some other

body.
46 Volubilis, twining, growing round some other body in a

spiral ascendi.ig direction.

a. Dextrorsum, twining from the right to the left.

b. Sin'istrorsum, twining from the left to the right.

IV. Figure.

47 Teres, round, cylinder-shaped without angles.

4S Semiteres, half round, semicylindrical.
49 Compressus, flattened, with two opposite sides flat.

50 Anceps, two-edged, flattened, with two opposite sides sharp.

51 Angulatus, angulated, having three or more angles formed

by as many intermediate longitudinal cavities.
a. Acuta ngulus, shai p-angled.

b. Obtusangulus, obtusely -angled.

52 Triqueter, three-sided, having three sides that are quite flat

 T\ABLE VI. Ml
53 Trigones, Tetragonus, &c. three-cornered, four-cornered
&c. having three, four, or more prominent angles
lengthways.
54 Nudus, naked, without leaves or other covering.

55 Aphyllus, without leaves.

56 Foliatus, leafy, furnished with leaves.

57 Vaginatus, sheathed, surrounded with a sheath, formed by
the base of the leaf.
58 Squamosus, squamous, covered with scales.

59 Imbricatus, imbricate, covered with leaves or scales, placed

like tiles, or the scales of fishes.

V. Surface.
GO Suberosus, suberous, the outward bark soft, but elastic, like

cork.
61 Rimosus, rimous, the outward bark full of cracks and fissures.

62 Tunicatus, tunicated, coated with skins or membranes.

63 L.evts, smooth, free from protuberances or inequalities.
64 Striatus, striate, marked with small lines.

65 Sulcatus, sulcate, furrowed with deep hollow lines.

66 Glaher, slippery, smooth and glossy, like glass.

67 Scaber, scabrous, covered with rough prominences.

68 Muricatus, muricated, covered with sharp points or prickles.

69 Tomentosus, tomenlose, covered with down.

70 Lanatus, "woolly.

71 Villosus, villous, covered with soft hair.

7'2 Pilosus, pilose, covered with long hairs that are thinly placed.
73 Hispidus, hispid, covered with stiif hairs or bristles.

74 Aculeatus, aculeate, armed with pnckles, 378.

75 Sptnosus, spinous, armed with thorns, 384.

76 Ure'ns, stinging, armed with stings, 391.

77 Stipulatus, stipulate, having stipula, 291.

78 Membranatus, mcmbrav ued, flat, like a thin pellucid leaf.

79 BuLBTFER.es, bearing buibs, 655.

VI. Composition.
80 Enodis, without knots or joints, the thickness uniform.

81 SiMi'LicissiMUs, very simple, with few or no branches.

478 TABLE VI.

82 Simplex, simple, that rises uniform and regular to the top.

83 Integer, entire, undivided.
84- Articulatus, jointed.
85 Prolifer, proliferous, sending forth branches only from the
apex.
86 Dichotomies, branched always by two, forked.
87 Brachiatus, brachiate, branching opposite, the upper pair
crossing the next below.
SS Subramosus, subramous, having few lateral branches.
39 Ramosus, ramom, having many lateral branches.

90 Ramosissimus, many branches, subdivided without order, in

all directions.

91 Virgatus, virgated, with many slender twigs.

92 Paniculatus, paniculalcd, whose branches are variously sub-

divided.

93 Fastigiatus, fastigiate, branches arising from a centre to an

equal height.
94 Patens, spreading, 134.
95 Divaricatus, divaricate, branches forming an obtuse angle
from the trunk, 105.

RAMI PARTES CAULIS,

The Branches Parts of the Stem.

96 Alterni, alternate, when they come out single, and follow

in gradual order, 115.
97 Distich i, distichous, in two rows.
98 Sparsi, sparscd, scattered without order, 118.
99 Conferti, crowded, 119.
100 Oppositi, opposite, 126."

101 Verticillati, verticillate, branches surrounding the stem,

or at the joints, like the rays of a vessel.

102 Erecti, erect, upright, perpendicular.

103 Coarctati, close together, almost touching towards the top.

104 Divergentes, divergent, branches growing from the trunk
at right angles, like rays from a centre.
105 Divaricati, divaricate, branches shooting from the trunk,
so as to make an obtuse angle.
106 Deflexi, deflex, bending downwards archwise-
 TABLE VI. 479

107 Reflexi, reflex, bending back towards the trunk.

108 Retroflexi, retrqflex, bending backward and forward to-

wards the trunk.

109 Fulcrati, fulcrate, having props or supports.

THE LEAVES,
The Organs by which Plants are put in Motion.

I. Their Place.
110 Radicale, radical, springing from the root.

111 Caulinum, caulinc, springing from the stem.

112 Rameum, rameous, growing on the branches.
113 Axilla re, axillary, placed at the insertion of the branch.
f 14 Fi.o$ALfi, floral, placed near the flower, and are commonly
smaller.

II. Situation.
115 Alterna, alcernate, when they come out single, and follow

in a srnidual order.

116 Disticha, distichous, disposed in two opposite rows, though

inserted on all sides.

117 Bifari a, bifnrious, inserted only on two opposite sides of a

branch or middle rib.

1!8 Sparsa, sported, scattered in no certain order.

119 Conferta, confert, crowded together.
120 Imbricata, imbricate, lying over one another like scales of
fishes.

1 21 Fasciculata, fasciculate, growing in bunches from one point.

122 Gemisa, Timna, &c. two, three, or more together from the
same point.

123 Con flu knti a, confluent, growing together or running into

one another at the b.ase.

J 24 Afproximata, approximate, mutually approaching each

other.

125 Remota, remote, placed at some distance from each other.

126 Opposita, opposite, growing opposite, but in such a man-
ner that each pair crosses the other above and bslow.
480 TABLE VL
127 Decussata, decussated, where the pairs ci'oss each other iir

a regular manner.
12S Verticillata, verticil/ate, whorled, where three or more
leaves surround the stem.

129 Ternata, Quaterna, &c. three or four together, &c. accord-

ing to the number of leaves surrounding each joint.

III. Direction.
130 Erectum, erect, upright, perpendicular.

131 Stkictum, straight, quite perpendicular, without flexure or

bending.
132 Rigidum, rigid, stiff, not easily bent.

133 Adpressum, adprcst, the disk of the leaf pressed towards

the stem.
134 Patens, patent, spreading, making an acute angle with the
stem.
135 Horizontale, horizontal, growing from the stem at right
angles.

136 Assurgens, assurgent, bending upwards, 33.

1 37 Inflexum, inflex, bending inwards towards the stem.
138 Reclinatum, reclinate, bending downwards archwise, the
apex ascending.
139 Recurvatum, recurvate, bent backwards, in the form of an
arch, the convex side upwards.
140 Revolutum, revolute, rolled back, in form of a scroll.

141 Dependens, dependent, hanging with the point downwards.

142 Obliquum, oblique, the base looking upwards, the apex to
the horizon.
143 Verticals, vertical, leaves so situated that the base is per-
pendicular to the apex.
144 Resupinatum, resupinate, when the lower disk of the leaf
looks upwards.

145 Submersum, submersed, sunk under the surface of the water-

146 Natans, natant, floating on the surface of the water.
147 Radicans, radicant, striking root.
 TABLE VI. 481

IV. Insertion.
1+8 Petiolatum, pcdolate, having a petiole or footstalk, 2f)0.
14-9 Peltatum, peltate, having the foot-stalk inserted into the
disk of the leaf.

150 Sessile, sessile, sitting immediately on the stem, without a

foot-stalk.

151 Adnatum, adnate, the upper disk of the leaf adhering to

the stem by an attachment of its base.

152 Co adun ata, coadunate, several growing together at their base.

153 Decurrens, decurrent, where the base of a sessile leaf is

elongated, and runs down the stem.

134 Amplexicaule, amplexicaul, embracing the stem with its

base.

155 Perfoliatum, perfoliate, where the base of the leaf entirely

surrounds the stem, or when the stalk grows through
the centre of the leaf.

156 Connata, connate, where two opposite leaves grow together

at their bases.

157 Vaginans raginant, where the base of the leaf forms a tu-

bular sheath that surrounds the stern.

V. Figure.
158 Subuotundum, submtund, almost round, nearly circular.
151) Orbiculatum, orbiculate, of a circular figure.

1
6'0 Ovatum, ovate, egg-shaped.
161 Ovale, oval, the shape of an egg, when both ends' are equal.

162 Oblongum, oblong, twice the length of its breadth.

163 Parabolicum, parabolic, like the smaller end of an egg.
164 Clneiforme, cuneiform, wedge-shaped, tapering from the
apex to the base.

163 Spatulatum, spatulate, rounded at the apex, and narrower

and linear at the base.

166 Rotund at um, rotundate, rounded, or with angles in a circle.

167 Lanceolatum, lanceolate, oblong, and tapering towards both

extremities.

168 Ellipticum, elliptical, an oval whose ends are equal.

16J Lineare, linear, every where of the same breadth.

2 I
188 TABLE VI.

170 Acerosum, (tccrose, linear, and permanent, like chaff, of

the leaves of pines.

VI. Angles.
171 Integrum, entire, undivided, without divisions.
172 Triangulare, triangular, &r. three-angled, &c.
173 Deltoideum, deltoid, a leaf whose angles are formed like

the Greek delta.

174- Rhombeum, rombus-shaped an , irregular four-sided figure,

resembling the ace of diamonds.

VII. Sinuses.
175 Trapeziforme, trapeziform, a figure of four unequal sides.

176 Cordatum, cordate, heart-shaped.

177 Renjforme, reniform, kidney-shaped.
17S Lunatum, Innate, shaped like a half moon.
179 Sagittatum, sagittate, arrow-shaped.
180 Hastatum, hastate, spear-shaped.
181 Runcinatum, runcinate, like the teeth of a great saw, whose
serratures are bent downwards
182 Panduriforme, panduriform, fiddle-shaped.
183 Fissum, slit, divided into linear partitions.
184 Lobatum, lobate, divided into lobes.
185 Bilobum, Trilobum, &c. two and thrcc-lobed, fyc. accord-
ing to the number of lobes.

180 Partitum, partite, divided almost to the base ; the number

of divisions are expressed by the terms Bipartite , Tri-
partite, Src.

187 Palmatum, palmate, divided like a hand.

188 Lyratum, lyrate, lyrc-shaped, with transverse divisions
broadest at the apex, the lower one* gradually less
and more distant.

189 Pinnatifidum, pinnatifid, deeply divided into transverse, la-

teral, oblong segments.
190 Sinuatum, sinuate, divided into lateral hollows.
191 Laciniatum, laciniute, divided into segments.
192 Squarrosum, sijuarrosc, divided into elevated segments, not
plane or parallel, as in the calyx of some svneenesious
plants.
 TABLE VI. 433
VIII. Margin'.

193 Integerrimum, very entire, without any incision.

194 Crenatum, crenate, where the margin is notched at right

angles to the centre without inclining to either extre-

mity.
195 Serratum, serrate, sawed, notches like the teeth of a saw,
inclining all the same way, either towards the point or

base
196 Ciliatum, ciliote, where bristles are arranged in a parallel
order on the margin of the leaf, like eye-lashes.

197 Dentatum, dentate, toothed, points like teeth protruding

from the margin of the leaf, at some distance from each
other.

19S Spinosum, spinose, where the margin is armed with sharp

spines.

199 Cartilaginrum, cartilaginous, where the margin is hard

and tough.
200 Repandcm, rcpand, where the margin is waved.
201 Lacerum, lacerate, where the margin is variously divided,-
as if torn.

202 Erg-sum, erose, where the margin is sinuate, as if gnawed

with teeth:
203 Memhranaceum, membranaceous, where the margin is thin

and pellucid.
£<M D.edaueum, dedalous, where the margin has many various

windings and turnings.

JX. Apex.
205 Oetusum, obtuse, where the point is rounded.

206 Emarginatum, emargimte, where the apex is notched.

207 Retusum, retuse, terminating in an obtuse hollow.

20S PRiEMORsuM, premoise, where the termination appears as if

bitten oft'.

209 Truncatum, truncate, terminating in a line, as if cut ofE

210 Acutum, acute, terminating in a sharp angle.

211 Acuminatum, acuminate, terminating in a sharp point.

212 Cuspidatum, cuspidate, terminating in a point, like a spear.

2 I 2
484 Table vi.

213 Mucronatum, mucronatc, terminating in a small prickle.

21-t Ciruhosl'M, cirrhose, terminating in a clasper or tendril, 292.

X. Surface.
215 Nudum, nuked, without hairs or excrescences.

210 Glabrum, smooth, slippery.

217 Nitidum, glossy, smooth and shining.

218 Lucidum, lucid, bright, reflecting light.

219 Coloratum, coloured, of a colour different from green.

220 Nervosum, nervous, with nerves extended from the base to

the apex,
221 Trinerve, where three nerves join at the base and apex.
222 Triplinerve, where three nerves are each divided into three

more above the base.

223 Trinervatum, where three nerves run into each other at

the base.

224 Enerve, without nerves, opposite to nervous.

225 Lineatum, lined, with depressed nerves or hollow lines.

226 Sulcatum, furrowed, with deep lines.

227 Venosum, veined, with veins many ways.

228 Rugosum, rugose, wrinkled, shrivelled, rough.

229 JBullatum, studded, bladdery, alternately convex and con-

cave.
230 Lacunosum, where the disk of the leaf is depressed into derp
cavities between the veins that run parallel from the di.-,k

to the margin.
231 Avene, without veim.
232 Punctatum, punctate, with hollow scattered punctures.
233 Papillosum, papillose, covered with fleshy punctures.

234 Papulosum, papulose, covered with vascular punctures.

235 ViscmuM, viscid, covered with a viscid humour.

236 Villosum, villous, covered with soft hairs.
237 Tomentosum, downy, covered with downy hairs.

238 Sericeum, silky, covered with soft silky hairs.

239 Lanatum, woolly, covered with woolly hairs.

240 Barbatum, bearded, hairs growing in tufts.

241 Pilosijm, pilous, covered with long hairs that appear di-
stinctly.
 TABLE VI. 485

242 Scabuvm, rough, covered with rigid punctures raised above

the surface.
243 Hispidum, hispid, covered with hard bristles.

244 Aculeatum, prickly, covered with sharp prickles, 378.

245 Strigosum, strigous, armed with lanee-shapcd prickles, 167.

XI. Expansion.
240 Planum, plane, with a flat equal surface.
247 Canaliculatum, channelled, u deep channel or farrow, run-
ning lengthways.
248 Concavum, concave, when the disk is arched from the mar-
gin, and forms a hollow.
249 Convexum, convex, opposite to concave : these two terms
arise from the same cause, the margin being too tight
for the expansion of the disk; therefore if a leaf is con-
cave on one side, it is convex on the other.
250 Cucullatum, hollowed, when the sides of a leaf press to-
gether at the base, and expand towards the apex.
251 Plicatum, plaited, folded in sharp flexures from the disk to
the margin.

232 Undatum, waved, the flexures or folds being obtuse from

the disk to the margin.
253 Crispum, curled, where the margin is plaited, but the folds

do not reach to the middle rib of the disk.

XII. Substance.
254 Membranaceum, skinny, pellucid, without any fleshy sub-
stance.

255 Scariosum, of a dry parched substance, that sounds when

touched.
256 Gibbum, gouty, when both sides of a leaf is bunched out
by a copious quantity of pulp.

257 Teues, cylindrical, or pillar-shaped.

258 Depressum, more pulpy in the disk, and flatted towards the
sides.

259 Compressum, more flatted in the disk, and pnlpy towards

the sides.
486 TABLE VI.

260 Camnatum, carinatc, the lower part of the disk prominent

lengthwise.

261 Compactum, compact, of a solid substance.

262 Tubulosum, tubulous, the inside hollow, without pith.
2u3 Pulposum, ptdpous, of a fleshy pulpy substance.
264- Carnosum, fleshy, the inside pf a solid pulp.

265 Triquetrum, triquetrous, three-cornered lengthwise.

266 Anceps, two-angled, or edged lengthwise.

267 Lingulatum, tongue -shaped, linear, flesh}', the lower side

convex.
268 Ensiforme, sword-shaped, doubled-edged, gradually lessen-
ing from the base to the point.
269 Subulatum, subulate, linear at the base, and smaller to-

wards the point.

270 Acinacifoume, scymitar-shaped, fleshy, and compressed,
one side convex sharp, the other straight and thicker.
271 Dolabriforme, hatchet-shaped, compressed and half-round,
gibbous outward, the edge sharp, the lower part
rounded.

XIII. Duration.
272 Deciduum, deciduous, finished, and falling off in one sum-
mer.
273 Caducum, cadent, falling off, short duration, not abiding
through the summer.
274- Persistens, persisting, abiding, lasting or remaining more
than one summer.
275 Perenne, perennial, continuing green many years.
276 Sempervirens, evergreen, green at all times of the year.

,XIV. Composition.
277 Articulatum, articulate, a leaf having a little leaf growing
out of its point.

278 Conjugatum, conjugate, winged, the little leaves or wings

coming by pairs.

279 Digitatum, digitate, a single foot-stalk connecting the lit-

tle leaves at its top.

 TABLE VI. 487

980 BtNAruM, Ternatum, Quinatum, &c. terminating by two,

three, or five little leaves or folioles.

231 Pedatum, pedute, like the toes of the feet, the foot-stalk
dividing sideways obliquely, and connecting many fo-

Holes.

282 Pixnatum, pinimte, winged, a simple foot-stalk, connecting

many little leaves sidewise.

283 Bulgum (thus Tkijlga, Qu adrijug a, Quinquejug.y, Sr-

jug a, &c.) winged, but the little leaves coming Im-

pairs, and are four, six, eight, ten,, twelve, &c.

Cum. Impaiu, winged,, not terminating in pairs, but with an
odd fuliolei

Aerupte Pinmatum, abruptly winged* terminating without a

tendril, or an odd foliole.

Cirroslm, cirrhous, terminating in a tendril or clasper, 292.

Foliolis Oppositis (\'20), the little leaves growing opposite.
Foliolis Alternis (115), the little leaves growing alternate.
Ruptis, the little leaves alternately smaller, broken.

Decursivis, the foot-stalks of the little leaves run-

ning down the middle rib, or rachi, 153.

XV. Decomposition.
284 Bigeminum, the footstalk forked by twos (S0),. connecting,

many little leaves.

285 Biternatum, doubled by threes, 280;

286 Bipinnatum, double winged, 282.

XVI. Triple Composition.

287 Tergeminum, triple budded.
288 Tkiternatum, three times three.

289 Tripinnatum, three ways winged.

FULCRA, PROPS,
Supports for the better sustaining the different Parts of Plants.

- 290 Petiolus, a foot-stalk that sustains the leaf.

29 1 SiipuLA, a scale at the base of the foot-stalk which it. supports.

 438 TABLE VI.

2?2 Cibrbus, clasper or tendril, growing like threads, in a spi-

ral form, which takes hold of plants, or any other body

noar it.

293 Pubes, dovmy hairs in all plants.

294 Ahma, armed with points, to keep off animals from hurting
them.
295 Bractea, jloral leaves, the face and texture different from
other haves.
296 Pedunculus, the foot -stulk, or prop that sustains the fructi-

fication.

PETIOLUS, FOOT-STALK OF THE LEAF.

I. Figure.
297 Linearis (169), linear, everywhere the same breadth.
298 Alatus, winged, spread out at the sides.

299 Clavatus, clubbed, thickened towards the point.

300 Membiianaceus, flat, thin, and generally pellucid.
301 Teres ('257), rounded like a cylinder, pillar-shaped.
302 Semiteres (48), half-rounded, like a split column.
303 Triqueter (52), three-sided.

II. Magnitude.
304 Brevirsimus, very short, when the length of the foot-stalk is

not equal to the length of the leaf.

305 Brevis, short, not quite so long as the leaf.

306 Mediocris, of the length of the leaf.

307 Long us, longer than the leaf

308 Longissimus, something longer than the leaf.

III. Insertion.
309 Insertus, inserted, joined.

310 Adnatus U5l), adhering to.

311 Decurrens (153), running down the branch.

312 Amplexicaulis (154), embracing the stalk with its base.
313 Appendicular, a leafy appendage adhering to the base o£
a leaf.
 TABLE VI. 449
IV. Direction.
314. Erf.ctls (130), upright.

315 Patens (134), spreading.

316 Ass u kg ens (13(3), bending upwards in a kind of arch.
317 Recurvatus (139), bent backwards,

V. Surface.
313 GtABER (216), smooth.
319 Acileatus (244), prickly.
320 Nudl's (215), nuked.
321 Articulatus (34), jointed.
322 Spinesccns, hard, and sharp.

STIPULE, APPENDAGES TO THE LEAF.

323 GEM1H.K, two and two, by pairs.

324 Soi.itarije, single scattered.

325 Laterales, inserted in the sides.

326 E\ti'.afoliace.-e, on the outside, below the base of the petiole.

327 Intrafoliace.e, on the inside, above the base of the petiole.

32S Oppositifoliace;e, opposite, placed on the sides at the base

of the leaf.

329 Caducje (273), falling of, withering before the leaf.

330 Decidu.t: (272), falling annually.

331 Pkrsistentes, abiding after the leaffalls of.

332 Spinescentes (522), hard and sharp, like a spine or prickle.

333 Sessiles ( 150), squat, having no foot-stalk.

334 ADNATA (151), adhering to the branch by an attachment of its

upper surface*
.335 Df.ctjrrentes (153), running down the branch.

336 Vaginantes (157), surrounding the stem like a sheath.

337 Subulat/e (269), awl-shaped.

338 Lanceolate (167), lance-shaped.
339 Sagittate (179), arrow-shaped.

340 Lunat.e (178), moon-shaped*

341 Erects (130), upright.
 TABLE VI*

312 Pat-entls (IS*), spreading.

313 Inhegbje (193), e/tfwv.

31 1. Seruatx (195), sazved.

31-5 Cijliat/e ( 196), Wicrf, like the eye-.

M-0 Dentatje (197), toothed*

31? Fissje (183), Sp&'ti.

CIRRHUS, A TENDRIL OR CLASPER.

J l B Axillaris (113), at the insertion of the branch.
$40! EoUiARis,. sitting on a leaf.
350. Petjolaris, growing on the foot-stalk of the leaf, 290.
351: Peduncularis (296), growing on the foot-stalk of the flower.

352 Simplex, undivided.

353 Trifidus, divided in three parts.
35,4 3Illtifidus, divided in many parts.

355, Convolutus, twisting in the same direction as the sun,, in

rings.

350 PvEv.olut.us, revolute, rolled back in half spiral riugs.

PUBES, DOWN OR PUBESCENCE.

357- Piu> excretory ducts, long distinct hairs.>

35S Lax a, wool, curled hair^ and thick.

359 Barba, bearded tufts of parallel hairs.
360 Tomentum, doivn, hairs scarcely conspicuous;.

361 St-rig/E, strong hard fiat hairs.

362 Seta;, bristles, rigid round hairs..

363 Simplices, single, not divided.

36 i Hamosje, hooked, by which they easily adhere to animals.
365 Ramos.e, s. Furcatve, subdivided into little branches, oi,

forked.

366 Plcmos.e, feathery, composed of fine down, or hairs.

367 Stellate, starry, disposed crosswise.

368 H.A.MJ, hooks, prickles with recurved points.

369 Glociuoes, prickles, with the points turned back, having

many teeth.
 TABLE VI.

370 Glandcla, glands, (little glands tor throwing out the excre-
mentitious humour of plants; these are either sessiles,

squa. ;
stqmlatu, having a foot-stalk ; or, porus, having
a pore, often perforating a leaf.

371 Utriculus, little vessels, replete with secretory liquor.

372 Foliacki, inserted in the leaves.

373 PETioL vaEs (330), inserted in the foot-stalk of the leaf.

374 Pedunculakes (351), inserted in the foot-stalk of the flower.

37.5 Stipulates (291), inserted in the stipida.
376" Viscositas, a humour o'f a clammy quality.

377 Glutinositas, a humour whose quality is of a lubricating

,
slippery nature.

ARM A, ARMS.
378 AcuLBlj sharp prickles fixed in the bark of plants.

379 Recti, straight, without bending.

380 In cu it vi, bent innards.
3X1 Recukvi, bent outwards.

382 Fukc;e, prickles divided into many forks.

383 Bifiu/e and Trifid/e, by two and three , or according to the

number of divisions.
38 1- Spina, a spine, a prickle fixed in the wood of the trunk or
branch.
385 Tebminalis, terminating the branch.

3Sb Axillaris (1 13), growing from the insertion of the branch.

387 Calycina, growing on the cup.

3«8 Foliaris (349), growing on the leaf.

389 Simplex (363), single.

390 Divisa, divided aJ the point.

391 Stimuli, siings, that make inflammatory punctures, which

go off' u ith an itching.

BRACTiE, FLORAL LEAVES.

392 Color \tje (219), coloured.

393 Caduce (273), falling off" with the flower.
 412 TABLE VI.

394 Decidu.'e (272)) falling off.

39.5 Fr.HSisxENTES (274), sl iding.

396 Coma, a bractcc, terminating the stalk above the flower,

distinguished by its magnitude or colour.

PEDUNCULUS, FOOT-STALK OF A FLOWER.

337 Paktialis, in some flowers growing from the common foot-

stalk.

398 Communis, a foot-stalk common to many flowers.

399 Peihcellus, a little footstalk, proper to flowers that have a

common foot-stalk, 398.

400 Scafus, a peduncle, rising from the root, resembling a stalk.

I. Place.
401 Radicalis (110), springing from the root.
402 Caulinus (111), springing from the stem.
403 Rameus (112), growing from the branch.
404 Petiolaius (350), growing from the petiole.
405 Ciriuiiferus (292), growing from the tendril or clasper.

406 Terminaus (385), terminating the branch.

407 Axillaris (113), at the insertion of the branch or leaf.

40S Opposxtifolius (328), having opposite leaves.

409 Lateriflora (325), flowering at the sides.

410 Intrafoliaceus (327), within the leaves.

41 1 Extrafoliaceus (326), on the outside of the leaves.

II. Situation.
412 Alterni (1 15), alternate.

4!3 Sparsi(IIS), scattered.

414 Oppositi (126), opposite.

415 Verticillati (128), in circles round the stem.

III. NuMRER.
416 Solitaries (324), single.
417 Geminates (323), by twos.
4! 8 Umbellula Sessilis, many peduncles from the same centre,
produced of the same height.
 TABLE VI. *?3

IV. Direction-.
4-1 0 Adpressus (133), pressed towards the stem.
420 Ecectus (1 30), upright.
21 Patens (134), spreading.
422 Cernuus, the point looking downwards.
423 Resupinatus (141), looking upwards.
424 Declinatus (S4), bent downwards archwise.
42.5 Nutans (30), nodding, hanging downward.
425' Flaccidus, slender, weak, when the weight of a proper
flower makes it hang downwards.
427 Ascen dens (33), rising upwards archwise.
428 Pendulus, hanging loose.

429 Stuictus (29), straight.

430 Flexuosus, bending from one flower to another.

431 Retuofractus, bent backward and forward, as if broken.

432 Uniflorls, BtFLORi;?, Triflorus, &c. Multiflorus, one
flower, two flowers, three flowers, &c. many flowers,

according to the number of flowers growing on the

foot-stalk.

V. Structure.
433> Teres (47), round, like a cylinder.

434 Triuueter (52), three-sided.

435 Tetragonus (53), four-angled.

430 Filiformis, threud-ahuped, every where of equal thH'.ness.

437 Attenuatus, lessening gradually in thickness towards the

point.

438 Clavatls, clubbed, thick towards the point, 299.

439 Incrassatus, gradually thickening upwurdsi

440 Nudus (215), naked.
4H Squamosus (58), scaly.

442 FoliaTUS {56), leafy,

443 JBracteatus (295), furnished ivith floral leaves.

444 Geniculate (43), jointed.

445 Akticulatcs (84), knotted.
 TABLE VI.

INFLpRESC ENTIA, INFLORESCENCE,

Is the manner by which Flowers are joined to the riant by the Pe-
duncle or Foot-stalk.

446 Verticillus, xohorled, many flowers growing round the

stalk in a circle.

4:17 Sessiles, squat, without any manifest foot-stalk.

4-1-8 P£DUNCui.ATrs, a peduncle, elevating the flowers.

449 Nudus (450, 451), opposite to the following.
450 Involucratus (520), furnished with an involucrum.
451 Bracteatus (413), having floral leaves.

452 Confeutus, foot-stalks crowded together.

453 Distans, the foot-stalks distant
454 Capitulum, a head, flowers collected into a globe or head.

455 Subuotundum (456), nearly of a globular figure, almost

round.
456 Globosum, globular, perfectly round.

457 Dimidi atum, halved, like a globe cut into two parts.
453 Foliosum, leafy, leaves intermixed with the flowers.

459 Nudum, naked, without leaves or bristles.

460 Fasciculus, bunched, a flower growing in bunches.

461 Spica, sessile flowers, growing alternate on a common pe-
duncle.
462 Simplex, a single spike, undivided.

463 Com posit a, many little spikes growing from the common
peduncle.
461« Glomerata, many little spikes crowded together.
465 Ovata ( 1
60), egg-shaped.
466 Ventricosa (256), sivoln, gouty.
467 CYLiNDRfcA, pillar-shaped.

468 Interrupts, spikes alternately smaller.

469 Imbrtcata (120), scaled.

470 Art cu lata

i (84), knotted, jointed.

471 Ramosa, branching variously.

472 Lin e aims (169), linear, of equal width, lengthwise.
 1

TABLE St. m
4-7.) Cihata (190), lashed.
47 + Foi.iacea, leafy.

4-75 Comosa, terminating hi little leaves.

4-76 Corymbus (+61), a kind of spike, whose flowers ftte furrdsh-

ed with foot-stalks, so proportioned to their sitaatioT*,

as to elevate all the flowers of the spike to the Sttttfc

height.
477 Thyrsus (489), a kind of crowded -panicle, of aft oVa*te fotnri-.,

4-78 Racemus, a bunch of Jlonaers, the peduncles 'Coming $t the

sides.

479 Simples, undivided.

480 Compositus, divided into many.
481 Unilateralis, all the flowers growing on one side.

4S2 Seccndus, the flowers all bending to one side.

483 Pedatcs (281), the foot-stalk coming on one side, like

toes of the feet.

4S 4 Conjl<3ati/s (278), joined by twos.

485 Erectus (130), upright.

480 L\xcs(31), loose, not closely connected-.

487 Xudl-s (459), naked.
488 Foliatus (56), leafy.

4S9 Panicula, jienvers scattered on peduncles that are divided to

different forms.

490 Simplex, always few flowers.

491 CoMrosiTA, many florets coming together.

FRUCTIFICATIO, FRUCTIFICATION,
Temporary Parts of Vegetables, called the Generation.

492 Calyx, a Jlozver cup, is the termination of the outer bark of

the plant, present in the fructification.

493 Perianth um, a Jtou:er

i cup, whose station is close to the

fructification.

494 Fructification!?, when it includes the stamina and germen

495 Floris, containing the stamina without the gcrmen.

496 Fructts, containing the germen without the stamina.
496 TABLE Vt.

497 Proprium, without respect to the flower.

408 Monopuyllcm, consisting of one leaf.

4>) f ) Polyphyllum, consisting of many leaves.

500 2—5 Fidum (133), divided into two, three, four, or five di-
visions.

501 2—5 Partitum (ISO), divided almost to the ba.se, from two
to five.

502 Integrum, entire (1 7 1

), undivfded.

503 Tubulosum (202), tuhe-shaped.

504 Patens (131), spreading.
505 Reflexum, the parts bent backwards.
506 Inflatum, puffed out like a bladder.

507 Abbreviatum, shorter than 'he tube of the corolla.

50S Obtusum (205), the divisions rounded.
509 Acutum (210), the divisions sharp.

510 Spinosum (75), bearing spines.

511 Aculeatum (244), bearing prickles.

512 Superum, when the germen is below the receptacle.
513 Inferum, when the germen is above the receptacle.
514 Commune, a common calyx, containing many florets, as in

compound flowers.

515 Imbiucatum, scaled, various scales lying over one another.

516 Squarro^um, with scales pointing many ways.
517 Scariosum, having scales ; their margins are membranaceous,
hard, dry, and sounding when touched.
518 Turbinatum, top-shaped, like an obverse cone.
519 Calyculatum, ivhen a lesser calyx is added, and encircle»-

r he base of the larger one.

£20 Involucrum, a kind of calyx, standing remote from the

flower.

521 Universale, in umbelliferous plants, standing under the

universal umbel.

522 Partiale, an involucrum, standing under the partial umbel.

523 Propuium, always under the flower.
524 Glum a, a husk, a cup belonging to the grasses, whose flowers
it embraces, with the valves folded over.
 TABLE VI. *»7

525 Un flora,
i when it embraces one flower.
one-flowered,
526 Mult flora, many-flowered, when it includes many flowers.
i

527 Univalvis, one-valvcd, when there is constantly but one scale.

528 Bivalvis, two-vahed, when there are two valves.

529 Multivalvis, many-vahed, when there are many scales, or

more than two.
530 Color at a (219), coloured.
531 Glabra (216), smooth.
532 Hispida (243), hispid, covered ivith hard hairs.
533 Mutica, blunt, without point, or arista.
534 Arista, a beard, growing on the husk.
535 Terminalis, terminal, fixed to the top of the husk.

530 Dorsalis, dorsal, fixed on the outside of the husk.

537 Recta, straight, growing perpendicular.-
53 S Tort i lis, Hoisted.

539 Geniculata (4'j), jointed.

540 Recurvata (139), recurved.

541 Amentum (635), a catkin, or anient, proceeding from a
common receptacle, resemblingthe chafi'of corn.
5-1-2 Spatha, a sheath, a kind of cup bursting out lengthwise.
543 Univalvis, of one valve, opening on one side.

544 Dimidiata, dimidiate, halved, the inner one covering the

fructification on one side, and the outer one on the other.
545 Calyptra, a veil, or hood, covering the antheia?, in mosses.

546 Recta, straight, every where equal.

547 Obliqua, oblique, bent on one side.

548 Volva, a membranaceous calyx belonging to the fungi.

549 Appkoximata, approximate, close to the head.

550 Remota, remote, at some distance from the head.

551 Corolla, the termination of the inner bark, present in the

flower.

552 Petalum, a petal, a part of the corolla when divided into

manv.
553 Tubus, a tube, the lower part of a flower, with one petal.

554 Unguis, a claiv, the lower part of a polypetalous flower, by

which it is fixed to the receptacle.

655 Limbus, limb, the upper part of a inonopetalous corolla.

2 K
+98 TABLE VI.

556 Lamina, the upper spreading part of a polypetalous flower.

Monopetala, vel Polypeta la, &c. monopetalous or polypeta-

lous, from one to many petals, or according to number.

557 Regularis, regular, of an equal figure, the size of all the parts
proportioned to one another.
558 Irregularis, irregular, when the limb and other parts are
disproportionate.

559 In^ualis, unequal, when the different sizes of the parts do

not correspond in proportion to one another.
560 Globosa, globose, globe-shaped.

561 Campanulata, campanulate, bell-shaped.

562 Infundibuliformis, funnel-shaped.
563 Rotata, rotate, wheel-shaped.

564 Hypocraterifoiimis, salver-shaped.

565 Ringens, ringent, gaping, irregular, with two lips.

Galea, helmet, the upper lip gaping.

Labium, lip.

566 Faux, the jaws gaping between the divisions of the corol-
la?, where the tube terminates.
567 Personata (565), personate, gaping, but shut between the
lips, with a palate.
568 Cruciata, cruciform, cross-shaped, having four equal spread-
ing petals.
569 Concava (24S), hollow.
570 Patens (134), patent, spreading.
571 Papilionacea, papilionaceous, butterfly-shaped, irregular.
Carina, the keel, the lower petal often in form of a boat.
Vexillum, the standard, or upper petal ascending. Ala;
the wings, standing single on each side.
572 Composita, compound flowers, having many florets in a
common perianthium, above the common receptacle.
575 Ligulata, ligulate, tongue-shaped, florets whose limb is plane,
and expanded outward.
574 Tubulosa, tubular, florets that are all tubular and equal.
575 Radiata, radiate, when the florets are tubular in the disk,
and radiate and ligulate in the margin.
576 Nectarium, nectary, honey-cell, that part of the
flower bear-
ing honey.
 TABLE VI. 499

677 Proprilm, proper, so called, as a distinct part from the

petal.

578 Petalinum, when inserted into the petal.

579 Stamen, the male organ of generation furnished with a vis-

cus, designed for the preparation of the pollen.

580 Filamentum, filament, threads, the part that elevates, and

is connected to the antherae.
581 JEqualia, equal, when they are all of an equal length.
582 In.sou alia, unequal, when some are long, and others short.

583 Connata, connate, when joined inone body, bat their number,
figure, and insertion is expressed.
5 34 Anther a, qn(her, that part of the flower big with the pollen,
which it throws forth when come to maturity.

585 Distinct.-e, not cohering.

580 Connat.e, jointed by the sides into one body.

587 Pollen, powder of the anthtree, destined for the impregna-

tion of the germen, and bursting in a viscous humour,
into fine atoms, is, by a prolific breeze, scattered on the
stigma.
688 Pistillum, a viscous humour adhering to the fruit for the

reception of the pollen, and the female organ of ge-

neration.

589 Gekme.v, the immature rudiment of the fruit within the

flower.

390 Slperlm, above, when included in the corolla?.

591 Inferum, beneath, when below the corolla;.
592 Stylus, style, that part of the pistillum which elevates the
stigma from the germen.
693 Stvgma, the to,p of the pistil, furnished with a moist hu-

mour.
594 Pericardium, pericarp, the germen of the plant big with the
seeds, which it emits when mature.

595 Capsula, capsule, a hollow pericarpium, which cleaves ot

opens in some determinate manner.
596 Valvula, valve, an opening, apart of a capsule or outer covet
to the fruif.

2K2

/
500 TABLE VI.

597 Loculamentum, a kind of arched cell, for the lodgement of

the seeds.
598 Dissepimentum, partitions of the fruit, which divide the pe-
ricarpiuin into cells.

599 Bicapsularis, two capsules?; Tricapsularis, &c. three cap-

sules, or according to the number.
600 Bilocularis, &c. two cells, Sfc. according to the number.
601 Tricocca, a capsule with three protuberant knobs, which
divide into three cells.
602 Didyma, a capsule with two gibbous knobs, which divide
into two cells.

603 Shjq.ua, a pericarpium of two valves, in which the seeds are

fixed alternately to the opposite sutures.

604 Compressa, flatted, the opposite sides coming nearly toge-

ther.
605 Torulosa, brawny protuberances, when the pericarpium is

bunched out by the seeds.

606 Articulata, interrupted by arched joints.

607 Parallelum Dissepimentum, the same width or diameter

of the dissepiment to which t he valves adhere.
608 Transversum Dissepimentum, dissepiments running cross-
wise.
609 Legumen, a pericarpium of tivo valves, the seeds fixed to one
suture only.
610 Isthmus Interceptum, pods with various cross-divisions,
forming distinct cells.

611 Folliculus, a pericarpium of one valve, gaping lengthwise

en one side, without the seeds being fixed to the suture.
612 Drupa, a pulpy pericarpium, without valves, containing a
stone or nut, 633.

613 Succulenta, containing a pulpy humour.

614 Sicca, opposite the foregoing, dry.
615 Pomum, an apple, a fleshy pericarpium without valves, con-
taining a capsule.

616 Bacca, a a pulpy pericarpium without valves, con-

berry,

taining naked seeds.

§17 Nidi lantia, seeds nestling in the pulp of a berry.
 TABLE VI. 501

618 Strobilus, a pericarpium fanned from an amentum, with hard

scales lying over each other, as in the pine tree.

619 Semen, seed, the rudiment of a new plant; are known ac-
cording to the number, figure, superficies, and con-
sistence.

620 Hilum, the eye, an external scar of the seed, where it has
been fixed to the fruit or receptacle.

621 Corculum, the essence of a new plant within the seed.

622 Plumula, part of the corculum, the ascending scaly part of
the plant.
623 Rostellum, the descending part of the corculum that forms
the root.
624 Cotyledon, the side lobes of the seed of a porous substance,
and perishing.
625 Corona, a crown, a little cup adhering to the top of the
seed, by which it flies.

626 Pappus, a downy feathered cup, adhering to the top of the

seed, by which it flies.

627 Stipitatus, a kind of thread-like trunk, elevating the down,

and connecting it with the seeds.
62S Capillaris, hairs undivided.

629 Plumosus, having feathery hairs.

630 Cauda, a thread terminating the seed;

631 Hamus, a hooked seed adhering to animals.

632 Ala, a membranaceous wing, fixed to the seed.

633 Nux, a nut, a seed covered with a bony epidermis, having

one, two, or more cells.

634 Arillus, the proper exterior coat of a seed that falls off
spontaneously, and is either cartilaginous or succulent.

635 Receptaculum, the base, by which the parts of fructifica-

tion are connected.

636 Commune, containing many flowers and fruit.

637 Pwnctatum, a receptacle marked with hollow punctures.

638 Pilosum (241), hairy.

639 Paleaceum, chatty scales which distinguish the florets.

640 Planum (246), plain, a flat surface.

502 TABLE VI.

641 Convexum (240), the disk elevated.

642 Conicum, cone-shaped, rounded and lessening towards thv
point.

643 Sub u latum (269), awl-shaped.

644 Comfositus-flos, a compound flower, with the reci ptacle

spread out and entire, the florets sessile.

645 Aggregatus-flos, an aggregate flower, the receptacle en-

larged, and the florets on little peduncles.

646 Umbella, an umbel, a receptacle which, from a common

centre, runs out into thread-shaped foot-stalks of pro-
portionate lengths.
6 ±7 Simplex, when the foot-stalks proceed from one and the
same centre of the receptacle.
648 Composita, when every foot-stalk of the general umbel pro-
duces a partial umbel.
649 Universalis, composed of many simple umbels.
650 Partialis, a little umbel, a part supported by the universal

umbel.
651 Prolifera, an umbel more than decompound.
652 Cyma, a receptacle producing many foot-stalks from the
same centre, that ate of unequal lengths, the partial
ones irregular on long fastigiate peduncles.
653 Rachis, a thread-shaped receptacle, the flowers adhering to
it lengthwise, and forming a spike.
654 Spadix, a receptacle of a palm, produced within a spatha or
sheath, divided into branches that bear the fruit.
655 Bulbus, is an bybernacle placed on the descending caudex,
and contains the rudiment of the plant and leaf that
perishes.

656 Solidus, a solid fleshy bulb, without any internal divisions.

657 Tunicatus, bulbs having coats lying over each other, like
the onion.

658 Squamatus, bulbs consisting of imbricated scales, as in the

lily.

659 Caulinus, bulbs growing on the stalk of the plant.

660 Gemma, a bud, is a hybernacle of the future plant with its

leaves.
 TABLE VI. 503

661 Petiolaris, enclosing the rudiment of the leaves.

662 Stipularis, enclosing the stipula.

663 Corticalis, consisting of cortical squamaj.

664 Foliaris, containing the leaf, and not the flowers.

665 Floralis, containing the flowers, and not the leaf.

666 Communis, containing both the leaf and the flowers.

667 Vernatio, the position of the leaf within the bud.

663 Conduplicata, when the parallel sides of a leaf approach.

669 Convoluta, rolled together in a spiral form.

670 Involuta, rolled inwards spirally from the lateral margins.

67 I Revohita, rolled spirally backwards from the lateral mar-

gins.

672 Obvoluta, rolled together, one margin embracing the other

alternately.

673 Equitantia, when the sides of the leaves lie parallel, the
outward one embracing the inner one.
674 Imbricata, a parallel straight surface, lying over each
other.

675 Pucata, plaited, when their complication is in plaits length-

wise.

676 Reclinata, reclined, reflexcd downwards towards the pe-

tiole.

677 Spiralia, spiral, twisted in transverse plaits, so that the apex

becomes the centre.

678 /Estivatjo, the complication of the corolla, before the un-

folding of the flower.

679 Convoluta, rolled together, 669.

680 Imbricata (674), imbricate.

681 Conduplicata (668), when the parallel sides of the leaf

approach.
682 Valvata, having valves.

683 Injequivalvis, with unequal valves.

684 Somnus, sleep, the change that leaves of plants undergo in

the night.

685 Connivens, when the upper disk of two opposite leaves or

folioles are pressed together so as to appear one leaf.
 TABLE VI.

686 Includens, when the leaves are alternate, and in the night
press against the stalk, so as to include it.

687 Circumsepiens, when leaves growing in a horizontal posi-

tion, erect themselves in the night, by clasping toge-

ther in the form of a funnel.
688 Muni ens, when the leaves have foot-stalks spreading hori-
zontally, become dependent, in form of a hollow arch.
689 Condupucans, doubling, when the folioles lightly approach
each other with their upper disk, so that both are co-
vered.

690 Involvens, when the points of the upright folioles are press-

ed together, and form a cavity between.

691 Div ekoi ns, when the base of the folioles approach, and the
points are spreading.
692 Dependens, when the folioles hang downwards.
693 Invektens, when the folioles hang down, and are at the same
time inverted.
69-t Imbricans, the folioles imbricated, 120.

MENSURA, THEIR MEASURE.

695 Linearis, linear, the twelfth part of an inch.
696 Unguicularis, the length of a nail.

697 Policaris, the length of the outward joint of the thumb.

698 Palmabis, the width of the hand.
699 Spithamjeus, a span, the length between the point of the
thumb and fore finger.
700 Dodrantalis, nine inches, the space between the point of
the thumb and little finger, when extended.
701 Pedalis, afoot, the space from the bending of the elbow to
the base of the thumb.

702 Orgyialis, a fathom, or six feet, the height of a man, or

the space between the extreme points of the
fingers,
when the arms are extended.
 TABLE VII.

BOTANICAL DICTIONARY*

A
ABBREVIATUM PERIANTHIUM, shortened, when the cup is

shorter than the tube of the flower.

Abortiens Flos, barren flowers, such as produce no fruit.

Abruptum Folium Pinnatum, winged leaves, ending without

either foliole or cirrhus.

Acaulis, without stalk or stem.

Acerosum Folium, chaffy leaves, when they are linear and abid-
ing, as in Pinus, Abies, and Juniperus.
Acicularis, needle-shaped, as in Scirpus Acicularis.
Acinaciforme, falchion or scimitar -shaped, as in Mksembryan-
themum Acinaciforme.
Acini, the snuill berries which compose the fruit of a mulberry
or bramble.
Acotyledones, plants whose seeds have no cotyledons, or semi-

nal leaves.
Aculei, prickles fixed in the rind or surface of the bark.

* The reader who may wish for fuller information on this part of the science,
should consult Dr. Colin Milne's Botanical Dictionary, third edition, lately pub-
lished.
506 TABLE VII.

Aculeatus Caulis, a stalk or stem furnished with prickles.

Acuminatum Folium, a leaf ending in a point.
Acutum Folium, leaves terminating in an acute angle.
Adnatum Folium, the disk of the leaf pressing close to the

stem of the plant.

Adpressa Folia, the disk of the leaf pressed towards the stem.
Adscendens Caulis, a stalk or branch inclining upwards.
Adversum Folium, when the sides of the leaf are turned towards

the south.

Aggregatus Flos, an assemblage of flowers coming in clusters.

Aggregate, an order of plants in the Fragmenta Methodi Natu-

ral is of Linnccus.
Ala, a wing, the side petals of a papilionaceous blossom, or a
membrane added to a seed, stalk, &c.
Alatus Petiolus, when the foot-stalk of a leaf is winged with
membranes.
Alburnum, the white substance that lies between the inner bark
and the wood of trees.

Algje, flags, one of the seven families of plants.

Alterni Rami Folia, when they come out singly, and follow
in gradual order.

Amentaceje, an order of plants in the Fragmenta Methodi Natu-

ralis of Linnaeus, bearing catkins.
Amentum, a catkin.

Amplexicaule Folium, embracing the stalk when the base of

the leaf embraces the stem sideways.

Anceps Caulis, double-edged, when a stalk is compressed, and

forms two opposite acute angles.
Androgyna, plants bearing male and female flowers on the same
root.

Angulatus Caulis, angulated stalks.

Angustifolia, narrow-leaved.
Angiospermia, the second order in the class Didynamia of Lin-
ticeus; containing plants whose seeds are covered with a
capsule.

Annua Radix, an annua! root; that which lives but one year.
 TABLE VII. 507

Anthera, the summit of the stamina bearing the pollen, and is

a part of the principal male organ of generation.

Apertura, an aperture, opening in some species of anthera.
Apetalus Flos, having no petals or corolla.

Apkx, the top, or summit.

Aphyllus Caulis, destitute of leaves.

Apophysis, an excrescence from the receptacle of the musci.

Appendiculatus Petiolus, a little appendage hanging from the
extremity of the foot-stalk.
Aproximata Folia, leaves growing near each other.
Arbor, a tree.

Akeustiva, a copse of shrubs or trees, an order of plants in the

Fragmenta Methodi Naturalis of Linnceus.

Arcuatum Legumen, arched, a pod that is curved or bent.

Arillus, the proper exterior coat of a seed that falls off sponta-
neously.
Arista, the beard of corn or grasses.
Arma, amis, weapons, one of the seven kinds of fulcra of plants.

Articulatus Callis, culmus, having knots or joints.

Articulus Culmi, the straight part of the stalk between the two
joints.

AsperifolIa, rough-leaved plants, an order of plants in the Frag-

menta Methodi Naturalis of Linnceus.
Assurgentxa Folia, first bent down, but rising erect towards the
apex.
Attenuatus Pedunculus, when the foot-stalk grows smaller to-

wards the flower.

Auctus Calyx, augmented, having a series of distinct leaves,
shorter than its own, that surround its base.
Avenia Folia, leaves which have no visible veins.

Auriculatum Folium, an ear-shaped leaf, when the leaf towards

the base has a lobe on each side.

Axillaria Folia, growing out of the angles formed by the

branches and the stem.
503 TABLE VII.

B
Bacca, a berry, or a pulpy pericarpium without valves, in which
the seeds are naked.

Barba, a beard, a species of pubescence, sometimes on the leaves

of plants, as on the Mesemeryanthemum Barbatum.
Barbatum Folium, when a bunch of strong hairs terminate the
leaves.

Bicornes, plants whose antherae have the appearance of two horns.

Likewise an order of plants in the Fragmenta Methodi
Naturalis of Linnccus.
Biennis Radix, a root which continues to vegetate two years.
Bifaria Folia, a leaf pointing two ways.
Bifer« Plants, flowering twice a year.
Bifidum Folium, divided or cloven into two parts.

Biflorus Pedunculus, bearing two flowers on a foot-stalk.

Bigeminum Folium, a forked foot-stalk, with two little leaves on
the apex of each division.

Bijugum Folium, a winged leaf, bearing two pair of foliola.

Bilabi ata Corolla, a corolla with two lips.

Bilobum Folium, a leaf consisting of two lobes.

Binata Folia, a digitate leaf, consisting of two foliola.

Bipartitum Folium, a leaf divided into two segments.

Bipinnatum Folium, doubly winged, when the folioles of a pin-
nate leaf are pinnate.
Biternatum Folium, when there are three folioles on a petiole,
and each foliole is ternate, as in Epimedium.
Bivalve Pericarpium, consisting of two valves, as in the Siliqua.

and Legumen.
Brachiatus Caulis, branching in pairs; each pair standing at
right angles with those above and below.

Brachium, the arm, tenth degree in the Linnccan Scale for mea-
suring plants, being twenty-four Parisian inches.
Bractea, a floral leaf, these are generally of a different shape
and colour from the other leaves of the plant, and are al-
ways seated near the fructification.

Bracteatus, having a bractea growing out of it.

 TABLE VII. 50y

Buluiferus Calm. is, a stalk-bearing bu'b, as in a species called

Lilium Bulbifekum.
Eulbosa Radix, a bulbous root, and is either squamosa, scaly,

as in Lilium ; tunicuta, coated, as in Cepje ;

duplicata,

double, as in Fritillaria ; or solida, as in Tulipa.

Bullatum Folium, when the surface of the leaf rises above
veins, so as to appear like blisters.

C
Caducus Calyx, to fall off; a term signifying the shortest time
of duration, falling off at the first opening of the flower.
Calamari/e, a reed, an order of plants in the Fragmenta Me-
thodi Naturalis of Linnceus.
Calcariatum Nectarium, a kind of nectarium resembling a
spur, as in the Delphinium
Caliculatus Calyx, a little calyx added to a larger one, as in
the Coreopsis, Leontice, &c.
Calycanthemi, a calyx, an order of plants in the Fragmenta
Method Naturalis of
i Linnceus.

Calyptra, a veil, in mosses, where it is placed over the antherse.

Calyx, a flower cup, of which there are the following kinds, viz.

Periantiiium, ... Involucrum,... Amentum,... Spatha,...

Gluma,... Calyptra,. ..and Volva.
Campanacei, an order of plants in the Fragmenta Methodi Na-
turalis of Linnceus.
Cam panulata Corolla, bell-shaped flowers.
Canaliculatum Folium, leaves having a deep channel running

from the base to the apex.

Candelares, an order of plants in the Fragmenta Methodi Na-

turalis of Linnaus.
Capillaceum Folium, capillary, exemplified in the Ranunculus
Aquatilis.
Capillaris Pappus, hairy doivn, as in Hieracium and Sonchus.
Capillus, hair, the first degree of the Linnaan Scale for mea-
suring plants, the diameter of a hair, and the twelfth part
of a line.
510 TABLE VII.

Capitati FLOTizs,floivers collected into heads, as in Mentha Aqua-

tica and Thymus Sekpyllum.
Capitulum, a little head, a species of Inflorescentia, in which the
flowers are connected into close heads on the tops of the
peduncles, as in Gomphrena.
Capreolus, a tendril, see Cirrhus.
Capsula, a capsule, a hollow pericarpium, which cleaves or

parts in some determinate manner, and consists of

Valvula,...Dissepimentum, ...Columella,... and Locu-
LAMENTUM.
Carina, the keel of a boat or.ship, the lower petal of the papilio-

naceous corolla.
Carinatum Folium, when the back of a. leaf resembles the keel

of a ship.
Cariophylljeus Flos, clove-tree, or flowers growing in the man-
ner of carnations.
Carnosum Folium, a fleshy leaf, as in Sedum Dasyphillum.
Cartilagineum Folium, a leaf, whose brim is furnished with a
manrin of different substance from the disk.
Caryophyll.ei, carnations or pinks, an order of plants in the Frag-
menta Methodi Naturalis of Linnceus.

Catenulata Scabrities, species of glandular roughness, hardly vi-

sible to the naked eye, resembling little chains on the
surface of some plants.

Caudex, the stem of a tree.

Caulescens, having a stalk or stem.

Caulina Folia, leaves growing immediately on the stem.
Caulis, a stem, a species of Truncus.
Cernuus, nodding, or hanging down its head.
Cespitosa, plants which produce many stems from one root, and
form a surface of turf or sod.
Ciliatum, whose margin is guarded by parallel bristles, formed
like the eye-lash.

Circinalea Folia, a hoop or ring, a term of foliation, expressive

of the leaves within the gemma, being rolled spirally

downward.
 TABLE VII. 511

CincuMSCissA Capsula, cut transversely, as in Anagallis.

Cirrhiferus Pedunculus, a peduncle bearing a tendril, as in

Vrns.
Cirrhosum Folium, a leaf that terminates in a tendril, as in
Gloriosa.
Ciurhus, a clasper, or tendril, one of the fulcra of plants.

Classis, a class, is defined by Linnceus, to be an agreement of

several genera in the parts of fructification, according to
the principles of nature distinguished by art.

ClavatusPetiolus, Pedunculus, when the foot-stalk of the leaf

or flower is club-shaped, tapering from the base to its

apex.
Clavicula, a little key, a tendril.
Clausa Corolla, when the neck of the corolla is close shut in

with valves. .

Coadunat.<e, to gather together, an order of plants in the Frag-

menta Methodi Naturalis of Linnceus.

Co arct ati Rami, close together, opposed to Divaricatus.

Cochlf.atum Legumen, a pod like the shell of a snail, as in Me-
dicago.
Coi.oratum Folium, coloured, when leaves which are generally
green, are of a different colour.
Columella, a Utile column, the substance that passes through
the capsule, and connects the several partitions and seeds.
Columniferi, pillar -shaped, an order of plants in the Fragmenta
Methodi Naturalis of Linnmis.
Coma, a hush, or head of hair, a species of Fulcra, composed
of large bractea, which terminates the stalk, as in Lavan -

dula, Salvia, &c.

Communis Gemma, regards the contents of the gemma, contain-

ing both flower and fruit.

Communis Calyx, when a cup contains both receptacle and

flower.

Comosxe, a head of hair, an order of plants in the Fragmenta Me-

thodi Naturalis of Linnceus.

Comosa Radix, the fibres which put forth at the base of a bul-

bous root, resembling a head of hair.

512 TABLE VII.

Compactum Folium, when the leaf is of a compact and solid

substance.
Completus Flos, having a perianthiuni and corolla.

Compositus Caulis, a compound .>(nu, diminishing as they ascend.

Compositum Folium, when the petiole bears more than one leaf,

of which are the following species, viz. AirricuLATUM,...Dr-

gitatum,...Conjugatum,...Pedatum,...Pinnatum,...De-
compositum,...Supra-Decompositum.
Compositi, an order of plants in the Fragmenta Methodi Natura-
lis of Linnaeus.
Compressus Caulis, Folium, a leaf resembling a cylinder com-
pressed on the opposite sides.
Concavom Folium, hollowed, the margin forms an arch with the
disk.

Conceptaculum, conceptacle or receiver, a pericarpium of a sin-

gle valve, which opens on the side lengthways, and has

not the seeds fastened to it.

Conduplicatum Folium, doubled together, when the sides of the

leaf are parallel, and approach each other.

Conferti Rami, branches crowded together.

Confertus Verticillus, Flos, et Folia, when flowers and
leaves are formed into whorls round the stalk, and
crowded together.
Confluentia Folia, to Jloiu together, as in the pinnated leaf,

when the pinnce run into one another.

Cong lob at us Flos, when flowers are collected into globular heads.
Conglomf.ratus Flos, flowers irregularly crowded together.
Congesta Umbella, flowers collected into a spherical shape, as
in the Allium.
Conica Scabrities, a species of setaceous scabrities, scarce vi-
sible to the naked eye, on the surface of plants, formed
like cones.

Conifers, plants bearing cones, such as Pinus,...Cupressus, &c.

an order of plants in the Fragmenta Methodi Naturalis of
Linn&ns.
Conjugatum, to join or couple together, a species of pinnate leaf,
where the folioles come by pairs.
 TABLE VII. 513

Connatum, to grow together, when two opposite leaves unite at

their base, so as to have the appearance of one leaf.

Connivens Corolla, when the apices of the petals converge, so

as to close the flower, as in Trollius Europjeus.

Conniventes Anthere, approaching or inclining together.

Coxtinuatum Folium, continued, when the leaf appears to be a

continuation of the substance of the stalk.
Contorti, to twist, an order of plants in the FragmentaMethodi
Naturalis of Linnaus.
Contrari^e Valvule, valves are termed contraria, when the dis-
sepimentuin is placed transversely between them.
Convex;.: m Folium, a leaf rising from the margin to the centre of
the leaf.
Convolutus Cirrhus, a tendril twining with the same direction
with the sun's motion.
Convolutum Folium, a term in foliation, when the leaf is rolled

up like a scroll of paper.

Conus. See Strobilus.
Corculum, the heart and essence of the seed.

Cordatum Folium, the heart-shaped leaf.

Cordiformus, shaped like a heart.

Corolla, a wreath or crown, one of the seven parts of fructifi-

cation.

Corollula, a little corolla.

Corona Seminis, a crown adhering to many kinds of seeds serv-

ing them as wings, which enables them to disperse.
Coronari.e, an order of plants in the Fragmenta Methodi Natu-
ralis of Linnaeus,
Coronula, a little crown.*

Cortex, the outer rind or bark of vegetables.

Corydales, an order of plants in the Fragmenta Methodi Natu-
ralis of Lrnnans.
Corymbus is a kind of spike, the flowers of which have each its

proper pedicellus, or partial foot-stalk, raised to a propor-

tional height, as in Spirea Opulifolia.

514 TABLE VII.

Cotyledon, a side-lobe of the seed, of a porous substance, and pe-

rishable, or seminal leaves.

Crenatum Folium, a notched leaf, when the margin is cut into

angles that point towards neither of the extremities, ob-

tusely crenate, when the angles are rounded, or acutely
crenate, when the angles are pointed.

Crispum Folium, a curved leaf, when the circumference becomes

larger than the disk admits of.

Cristatus Flos, when the flower has a tufted crest, as in Poly-

gala.
Cruciformes Flores, cross-shaped flowers, consisting of four pe-
tals, disposed in the form of a cross, as in the class Tetra-
dynamia of Linnceus.

Cryptogam i a, hidden marriages, the twenty-fourth class of the

Linncean System.
Cubitus, a cubit, the ninth degree of the Linncean Scale for mea-
suring plants, from the elbow to the extremity of the
middle finger.
Cucullatum Folium, leaves rolled up lengthways, in form of a cone,
as in Geranium Cucullatum, &c.

CucuRBiTACEiE, gourds, an order of plants in the Fragment a Me -

thodi Naturalis of Linneeus,
Culminije, the top or crown of any thing, an order of plants in the
Fragmenta Methodi Naturalis of Linnteus.

Culmus, a reed or straw, the proper stem or trunk of a grass.

Cuspidatum Folium, a leaf, whose apex resembles the point of
a spear or lance.
Cuneiforme Folium, a wedge-shaped leaf.

Cyathiformis Corolla, flowers of the form of a cup.

Cylindracea Spica, a spike of flowers in form of a cylinder.
Cyma, that runs into long fastigiate peduncles, proceeding from
the same universal centre, but with irregular partial ones.
Cymosus Flos. See Cyma.
Ctmos*, an order of plants in the Fragmenta Methodi Naturalis
of Linnceus.
 TABLE VII.

D
D.edaleum Folium, a leaf whose texture is remarkably beafltiful,
and exquisitely wrought.
Debuts Caulis, a weak, feeble stalk.
Decagynia, ten females, the fifth order in the tenth class : flow-
ers that have ten sty Ii.
Decandiua, ten males, the tenth class of Linn ecu s.
Decaphyllus Calyx, a calyx consisting of ten leaves.
Deciduum Folium, leaves that fall of in winter.
Declinatus Caulis, a stalk bending towards the earth.
Decomposita Folia, when a petiole, once divided, connects many
folioles.

Decumbens, to lie down.

Decurkens Folium, running down, when the base of a sessile
leaf extends itself downwards along the stem, beyond the
proper base or termination of the leaf.

Decursive, Folium Pinnatum, when the bases of the foliole are

continued along the sides of the petiolus.

Decussata Folia, to divide, when leaves grow in pairs, and op-
posite, each pair being opposite alternately.
Deflexus Ramus, a branch bent a little downwards.
Deflorata Stamina, having shed or discharged the farina fe-

cundans.
Defoliatio, the time in Autumn when plants shed their leaves.

Deltoides Folium, a leaf formed like the Greek delta, as inME-

SEMBRY ANTHEM UM DeLTOIDES.
Demebsum Folium, in aquatic plants, leaves sunk below the sur-
face of the water.
Dentroides Surculus, shrub-like, a subdivision of the surculus
in the genus Hypnum.
Dentatum Folium, leaves having horizontal points of the same
consistence of the leaf, and standing at a little distance
from each other.
Dknudat*:, stripped miked, an order of plants in theFragmenta
Melhodi Naturalis of Linmus.
2L2

t
516 TABLE VII.

Dependens Folium, hanging down, leaves pointing towards the

ground.
Depkessum Folium, pressed down, when the sides rise higher than

the disk.
Diadelphia, two brotherhoods, the seventeeth class in the Sexual
System.
Diandria, two mules, the second c'ass in the Sexual System.
Dichotomus Caulis, forked stalks, when the divisions come by-

two and two.

JDicotyledones, when the seeds have two cotyledons that are
the placenta of the embryo plant, and afterwards the seed
leaves.

Didvma Anthera, twins, when anthera come by twos on each

filament.

Didynamia, the superiority of two, the fourteenth class in the

Sexual System.
Difformia Folia, different forms, when leaves on the same plant
come of different forms.
Diffusus Caulis, when the branches of the stalk spread different
ways.
Digitatum Folium, fingered, when the apex of a petiole connects
many folioles.
Bigynia, two females, the second order in each of the first thir-
teen classes, except the ninth.
DiMiniATUM, halved.

Dicecia, the twenty-second class in the Sexual System.

Dipetala Corolla, flowers consisting of two petals, as in Cir-
c^ea, and Commelina.
Diphyllus Calyx, a calyx consisting of two leaves, as in the
Papaver and Fumaria.
Discus, a disk, the middle part of a radiate compound flower.
Disperma, plants producing their seeds by twos, as in the urn-
bellatae.

Dissectum Folium, leaves cut into lacinia, or divisions.

Dksbpimentum, partitions of the fruit, which divide the pericar-

pium into cells.
 TABLE VII. 517

Dissiliens Silio.ua, pods that burst with elasticity. '

Distans Verticillus, when the whorls of flowers, in verticillate

plants, stand at a great distance from one another.

Disticha Folia, in two rows, when leaves all rtapect two sidea

of the branches only.

Divaricati Rami, branches standing wide from each other, in
different directions.

Divergentes Rami, widening gradually.

Dodecandria, twelve males, the eleventh class in the Sexual

System.
Dodrans, the seventh degree in the Linncean Scale for measuring
the parts of plants, or nine inches.
Dodrantalis, nine inches.

Dolabriforme Folium, a leaf resembling an axe, as in Mesembry-

anthemum Dolabriforme.
Dorsalis Arista, an awne or beard, fixed to the back or exter-
nal part of the gluma.
Drupa, a pulpy pericarpium, without valves, containing a stone,

as in the plum and peach.

Drupace.e, an order of plants in the Fragmenta Methodi Natu-
ralis of Linnceus.
Dumos;e, a bush, an order of plants in the Fragmenta Methodi
Naturalis of Linnaeus.
Dlplicata Radix, a double root, a species of bulbous root, con-

sisting of two solid bulbs, as in some species of Orchis.

Duplicato-Serratum Folium, sawed double, with lesser teeth

within the greater.

E
Ebracteatus Racemus, without a bractea or floral leaf.

Ecaudata Corolla, without a tail or spur, as in Antirrhinum,

...Cymbalaria.
Echinatum Pericarpium, pods beset with piickles, like a hedge*

hog.
Efflorescentia, the precise time when a plant shows its first

flowers.
518 TABLE VII.

Emarginatum Folium, when the apex of a leaf terminates in a

notch : the same may be applied to Petala and Stigma.

Enervium Folium, leaves having no apparent nerves.
Enneandria, nine males, the ninth class in the Sexual System.

Enneapetala Corolla, a flower consisting of nine petals.

Enodis Caulis, Culmus, stalks and straws, having no knots or
joints.

Ensat*, plants having sword-shaped leave?, an order of plants

in the Fragmenta Method Naturalis of Linnceus.

i

Ensiforme Folium, leaves shaped like a two-edged sword, ta-

pering towards the point.
Equitantia Folia, riding, when the sides of the leaves approach
in such a manner as the outer embrace the inner.

Erectus Caulis, Ramus, Folium, upright, perpendicular.

Erosum Folium, gnawed, when the leaf is sinuate, and the mar-
gin appears as if it were gnawed or bitten.

Exserta Stamina, standing forth, when the stamina appear above

the corolla.

EXSTIPULATUS, Without StipuliZ.

Exsuccum Folium, when the substance of the leaf is dry.

Extrafoliaoe Stipulje, stipula growing on the outside of tht
leaves,.

F
Fasctum Folium, stuffed, opposed to Tubulosum.
Fasciculata, bundled, leaves growing in bunches.
Fascic ularis Radix, bundled, tuberous roots growing in bundles.
Fasciata Plaivta, when many stalks grow together, like a fag-
got or bundle.
Fastigiati Pedunculi, pedunculi pointed at the apex.
Fauces, the jaws or chops.
Femina Planta, a plant bearing female flowers on the same root
only.
Fibrosa Radix, a fibrous root.

Filamentum, a thread, applied to the thread-like part of the sta-

mina.
 TABLE VII. 519

Filices, ferns, one of the seven divisions of the vegetable king-

dom, and an order of plants in the Fragmenta Methodi

Naturalis of Linrucus.
Filiform Filamentum, thread-shaped stamina.
Fimbri ata Petala, a fringed petal, as in Menyan ruus.
Fisslm Folium, a leaf split or cloven half way down.
Fistulosus Caulis, a piped or hollow stem.
Flabellatlm Folium, a fan-shaped leaf.

Flaccidus Pedunculus, the foot-stalk of a flower that is feeble

and slender.
Flagellum, a twig or shoot like a whip or thong.
Flexuosus Caulis, a stalk, haying many turnings or bendings,
taking a different direction at every joint.
Floralia Folia, floral leaves that immediately attend the flower.
Floralis Gemma, flower-buds.
Flos, a flower.
Flosculus, a little flower.

Foliaceje Glanduue, glands growing on the leaves,

Foliaris Cirkhus, a tendril growing from a leaf.

Foliaris Gemmatio, leaf-buds.

Foliatio Plantje, the complication of the leaves, whilst folded
within the gemma, or bud.
Foliatus Caulis, a leafy stalk.

Folifera Gemma, a bud producing leaves.

Foliolum, a little leaf, one of the single leaves, which together

constitute a compound leaf.

Foliosi'm Capitulum, covered with leaves amongst the flowers

or tops of the plant.
Folium, a leaf.

Fornicatum Petalum, vaulted or arched, as in the upper lip of

the flowers in the class Didynamia.
Frequens Planta, plants growing frequently, or commonly,
every where.
Frondf.scentia, the season of the year when the leaves of plants
are unfolded.

Frondosus Cord ex, a species of trunk composed of a branch and

a leaf blended together, as is frequently united with th«

fructification.
520 TABLE VII.

Fructescentia, the time of the year when a plant scatters its

ripe seeds.

Fructificatio, the temporary part of a vegetable appropriated

to generation, terminating the old vegetable, and begin-
ning the new.
Frustranea Polygamia, to no purpose, the third order of the class
Syngnesia.
Frutex, a shrub.
Fruticosus Caulis, a shrubby stalk.

Fugacissima Petala, petals that are fleeting, and of short dura-

tion.

Fulcratus Caulis, branches having props. See Fulcrum.

Fulcrum, a prop, or support.
Fungi, a kind of mushroom, one of the seven families of plants, an
order of plants in the Fragmenta Methodi Naturalis of
Linnceus.

Furcata, forked.
Fusiform Radix, a spindle-shaped root.

G
Galea, a helmet, applied to the corolla of the class Gynandria,
as in Orchis.

Galeatum Labium, the lip of a flower shaped like a helmet.

Gemini Stipule, stipula growing in pairs.
Geminatus Pedunculus, double foot-stalks growing from the
same point.

Gemma, a bud, an hybernaculum on the ascending caudcx.

Gemnatio, a young bud.
Gemmp\uus, bearing buds.
Genera Plantarum, genera of plants, the second subdivision in
the Linwan System ; it comprehends an assemblage of
species, .similar in their parts of fructification, under the
same class and order.
Geniculates Caulis, Culmus, Pedunculus, a jointed stalk, straw,
or foot- stalk of a flower.

Genicula, Utile joints.

I
 TABLE VII. 521

Germen, a sprout or bud, the base of the pistillum, the rudiment

of the fruit yet in embryo.

Gibbum Folium, bunchhig-out, or gouty.
Glaber, smooth, having an even surface.
Gladiata Siliqua, a sword- shaped pod.
Glandule, a gland, or secretory vessel.
Glanduhfera Scabrities, a kind of bristly roughness on the sur-
face of some plants, on which there are minute glands at
the extremity of each bristle.
Glareosis Locis, gravelly places, where plants delight in gravel.

Glaucophyllus, a blueish or azure-coloured leaf.

Globosa Radix, a round root.

Globularis Scabrities, u species of glandular roughness, scarce
visible to the naked eye, the small grains of which are
exactly globular.
Glochoides, the small points of the pubes of plants. Linnceus
applies this term only to the Hami Triglochoids, with
three hooked points.
Glomerata Spica, flowers crowded together in a globular form.
Gluma, a husk or chaff, a species of calyx peculiar to corn and
grasses.

Glutinositas, like glue or paste.

Gramina, grasses, one of the seven families of the vegetable king-

dom.
Granulata Radix, roots consisting of man}' little knobs, like

seeds of grain, attached to one another by small strings,

as in Saxifraga Granulata.
Gymnosperma, naked seeded, the first order of the class Didyna-
mia,
Gynandkia, when the male and female parts are joined together;
the twentieth class in the Limumn System.

H
Haeitualis Character, the character or description of a plant,
taken from its habit, which consists in thePlaccntatio, Ra-
dicatio, Ramificatio, Foliatio, Stipulatio, Pubescentia,
Inflorescentia.
522 TABLE VII.

Habitus, the external appearance: Linnams defines it, the confor-

mity or affinity that the congeners of vegetables have to

one another, in placentation, radifi cation, &c.

Ham os a Seta, hooked bristles.

Hastatum Folium, leaves resembling the head of a sp<-

halbert.
Hemisphericus calyx, half round, or half a sphere.
Heftandria, sevenmales, the seventh class of the Sexual System.
Herba, an herb : according to Linnams, it is the part of the vege-
table which arises from the root ; it is terminated by the
fructification, and comprehends the stem, leaf, props, and
hybemacula.
Hereaceje Plants, are perennial plants, which annually perish
down to the root.
Herbaceus Caulis, stalks that dry annually.

HERMAPHRoniTus Flos, flowers that contain both sexes, as an-

thera and stigma.
Hesperid;e, an order of plants in the Fragmenta Methodi Natu-
ral is of Linnams.
Hexagonus Caulis, a stalk with six angles.
Hexandria, the sixth class, in the Sexual System, which produce
hermaphrodite flowers, with six stamina of equal length.
Hexagynia, an order of plants that produce six styles.

Hexapetala Corolla, flowers consisting of six petals.

Hexaphyllis Calyx, a flower-cup, consisting of six leaves.
H ians Corolla, a monopetalous flower that is gaping.
Hirsutus, rough, hairy.
Hispious Caulis, a stalk covered with strong fragile bristles.

Holerace^, pot herbs, an order of plants in the Fragmenta Me-

thodi Natural is of Linnams.
Horizontals Flos, flowers growing with their disk parallel to
the horizon.
Hybernaculum, -winter-lodge, the part of a plant that encloses
and secures the embryo from external injuries.
Hybrida, a bastard, a monstrous production of two plants of dif-
ferent species, like the mule in the animal creation.
 TABLE VII.

HYrocBATERiroRMis Corolla, a monopetalous flower, shaped

like a cup or salver.

Icosandria, the twelfth class in the Sexual System.

Imberbis Corolla, a tlower without a beard.
Imbricates, tiled, when the scales of a stalk, or flower-cup, lie

over one another in the manner of tiles upon a house.

Immutatje, unaltered.
Impar, odd, applied to a pinnated leaf terminating in an odd loot*
I^eciualis Corolla, an unequal flower.
Inanis Caulis, hollow or empty stalks.

Incanum Folium, leaves covered with whitish down.

Incisum Folium, leaves cut into irregular segments.
Incompletus Flos, imperfect flowers without petals.

Incrassatus Pedunculus, foot-stalks of flowers that increase in

thickness as they approach the flowers.
Incumbens Anthera, anthera which are affixed to the filament

sideways.
Incurvatus Caulis, a stalk bowed towards the earth.

Indivisum Folium, an entire undivided leaf.

Inerme Folium, unarmed, a leaf without bristles or prfokles.

Inferus Flos, flowers whose receptacle are situated below the

germen.
Inflatum Perianthtum, a calyx puffed out like a bladder.

Inflexa Folia, to bend inwards towards the stem.

Inflorescentia, inflorescence, signifies the various modes in which
flowers are joined to the plant by the pedunculus.
Infunbibuliformis Corolla, a monopetalous flower, shaped like

a funnel.
Insertus Petiolus, a foot-stalk inserted into the stem.
Integrum Folium, an entire or undivided leaf.

Integerrimum Folium, an entire leaf, whose margin is destitute

of incisions or serratures.
Interfoliaceus Pedunculus, flower-stalks arising from between
opposite leaves.
 521 TABLE VII.

Inteuruptum Folium PJnnatum, when the large folioles of a

winged leaf are interrupted alternately by pairs of small-
er ones.
Interrupta Spica, a spike of flowers, interrupted or broken by
small clusters of flowers between the larger ones.
Intoksio, writhing or twisting.
Intrafoli \ce;e Stipule, stipulae growing on the inside of the

leaves of the plant.

Inundata Loca, this term is applied by Linnants to such places

that are overflowed only in winter.

Involucellum, a partial involucrum.

Involucrum, a cover, the calyy of the umbelliferous plants stand-

ing at a distance from the flower.

Involuta Foli a, rolled in leaves, when their lateral margins are
rolled gpivaily inwards on both sides.

Irregularis Flos, irregular flowers of deformed shapes.

Juba, a crest of feathers.
Julus, a catkin.

L
Labiatus Flos, a lipped flower.
Lacebum Folium, a cleft or fissure; leaves whose margin is cut
into segments, as if rent or torn.

Lacinije, segments or incisions.

Laciniatum Folium, a leaf cut into irregular incisions.

Lactescent! a, milky; those plants are called milky, whose juices

are white, yellow, or red.

Lacunosum Folium, leaves that are deeply furrowed, by the

veins being sunk below the surface.

Lacustris Planta, plants which grow in lakes of water.

una, a thin plate, the upper expanded part of a polypetalous
flower.

7 ana, ivool, a species of pubescence, which covers the surface

of plants.
T.amat vm Folium, a woolly leaf.

Lanceolatum Folium, a lance-shaped leaf.

Laterales Flores, flowers coming from the sides'.

Laxus Caulis, loose, weak, slender.

 TABLE VII. m
Leoumen, pulse, a pericarpium of two valves, in which the seeds
are fixed along one suture only.
LenticulauisScabrities, a species of glandular scabrities, in the

form of lentils.

Leprosus, spotted as a leper, exemplified in Lichen.

I.jevis Caulis, smooth, having an even surface.
Liber, the inner rind or barjc of a plant.
Lignosus Caulis, a woody stem.

Lignum, wood.
Ligulatus Flos, when the petals, tubulated at the base, are plane

linear towards the middle, and widest at the extremity, in

form of a bandage.
Lili ace.'E, like a lily, an order of plants in the Fragmenta Me-
thodi Naturalis of Linnccus.
Limuus, a bordtr, the upper expanded part of a monopetalous
flower,.

Linea, a line, the second degree in the Linnsean Scale for mea-
suring plants, the twelfth part of an inch.
Lineare Folium, a narrow leaf, whose opposite margins are al-

most parallel, as in Pin us.

Lineatum Folium, leaves whose superficies are marked with pa-
rallel lines, running lengthways.
Lingulatum Folium, a leaf shaped like a tongue.

Lobatum Folium, when leaves are divided to the middle into

parts that stand wide from each other, and have their
margins convex.
Loc u lam en t V M, a cell, the divisions of that species or pericarpi-

um, called aCAPSULA.

Locus Foliorum, tiie particular part of the plant to which the
leaf i* affixed.

Lomentaceje, bean meal, an order of plants in the Fragmenta

Methodi Naturalis of Linncciu.

Longiusculus, loutish.

Longum Perianthum, when the tube of the calyx is equal in

length to that of the corollae.

Lucidum Folium, clear, shining.

Lunatum Folium, moon-shaped leaves, when they are round and
hollowed at the base like a half moon.
526 TABLE VII.

Lunulate, shaped like a crescent.

Lurid*, pale, wan, an order of plants in the Fragrrjenta Me-
thodi Naturalis of Linnaeus.

LuxuriansFlos, a luxuriant flower.

Lyratum Folium, leaves shaped like a harp or lyre.

M
Marcescens Corolla, flowers withering on the plant.

Margo Folii, the margin or edge of the leaf.

Mas, male. See class Dioecia.

Masculus Flos, male flowers, containing antherae, but no stigma,
Medulla, marrow, the pith or heart of a plant.

Membranaceum Folium, when leaves have no distinguishable

pulp between their surfaces.
Membranatus Caulis, a stalk covered with thick membranes.
Monadelpuia, one brother, the sixteenth class in the Sexual
System.
Monandria, one male, the first class in the Sexual System.
Monocotvledones, a term in placentation, applied to plants
whose seed have a single cotyledon.
Moncecia, one house, the twenty-first class in the Sexual System.
Monogvnia, one female, the first order of the first thirteen classes
in the Linnaean System.
Monopetala Corolla, a flower having one petal.
Monophyllum Involucrum, consisting of one leaf.
Mo N os perm a, having one seed.
Miliakis Scabiuties, a species of glandular roughness appearing
on the surface of some plants like grains of millet.
Mucronatum Folium, a leaf terminating in a sharp point.
Multifidum Folium, a leaf divided into many linear segments,

or divisions.
Multiflorus Pedunculus, a foot-stalk bearing many flowers.
Multipartitum Folium, a leaf divided into many parts.
Mcltiplicatus Flos, a luxuriant flower whose corolla is multi-
plied so as to exclude some of the stamina.
Mi i.TLSiLiQu*:, 7>iany pods, an order of plants in the Fragments

Method Naturalis of Linn ecus.

i
 TABLE VII. 527

Muricatus Caulis, a stalk, whose surface is covered with sharp

points, like the murex shell.

Muricat.e, an order of plants in {he Fragmenta Methodi Na-

turaiis of Linnams.
user, mosses, one of the seven families in the vegetable king-
dom, and an order of plants in the Fragmenta Methodi
Natural is of Linnaeus.
Mutica Gluma, when the arista is wanting.
Mutilatus Flos, a mutilated flower.

N
Natans Folium, a leaf which swims on the surface of water.
Naviculars Valvula, when the valve of a seed vessel resembles
a ship.
Necessaria Polygamic, necessary marriages, the fourth order of
the nineteenth class in the Sexual System.
Nectarium, that part of the corolla that contains the honey juice.
Nervosum Folium, leaves whose surface is full of nerves or strings.
Nidulantia Semina Baccarum, seeds nestling in the pulp of a

berry.
Nitidum Folium, a bright shining glossy leaf.
Nucamentace;£, an order of plants in the Fragmenta Methodi
Naturalis of Linnaus.

Nucleus, a kernel.

Nudus Caulis, a naked stalk.

Nutans Caulis, a nodding stalk.
Nux, a nut.

o
Obcordatum Petalum, a heart-shaped petal, with its apex down-
wards.
Obliquum Folium, when the apex of the leaf points obliquely

towards the horizon.

Oblongum Folium, an oblong leaf.
Obsolete Lobatum Folium, leaves having lobe* scarce discernible.

Obtusum Folium, leaves blunt or rounded at the apex.

 TABLE VII.

Obvolctum Folium, rolled against each other, when their re-

spective margins alternately embrace the straight margin
of the opposite leaf.

Octandria, eight males, the eighth class in the Sexual System.

Officinalis, plants used in medicine, and kept in the apotheca-
ries' shops.
Operculum, a cover, as in the mosses.

Oppositi Rami Folia, branches and leaves that grow by pairs

opposite each other.

Orbiculatum Folium, round leaves.

Orchideje Orchis, an order of plants in the Fragmenta Methodi

Naturalis of Linnaus.
Ordo, order.

Orgya, a fathom, or six Parisian feet.

Ovale Folium, an oval leaf.

Ovalium, the germen.
Ovatum Folium, an oval, or egg-shaped leaf.

Pag in a FoLtr, the surface of a leaf.

Pa lea, chaff, a thin membrane rising from a common recepta-

cle, which separates the flosculi.

Pale ace us Pappus, chaffy down.

Palm.e, palms, one of the seven families of the vegetable king-
dom.
Palmata Radix, a handed root, as in Orchis.
Palmatum Folium, a leaf shaped like an open hand.
Palustius, marshy or fenny.
Panduiuforme Folium, shaped like a guitar, a musical instrument
so called.

Panicula, a panicle, or loose spike of grass.

Papilionaceus, butterfly -shaped flower, as in the class Diadelphia
of Linnaus.
Pai';lionace;e, an order of plants in the Fragmenta Methodi Na«.
turalis of Linnaus,
 TABLE VII. 529

Pafilosum Folium, a nipple, a leaf covered with dots or points,

like nipples.

Pappus, doivn.
Papulosum Folium, a leaf whose surface is covered with pimples.
Parabolicum Folium, a leaf in form of a parabola.

Parallelum Dissepimentum, when the dissepiments are parallel

to the sides of the pericarpium.

Parasitica Planta, plants that grow only out of other plants,

as the Viscum.
Partialis Umbella, a partial umbel.
Partiale Involucrum, when at the base of the partial umbel.
Partitum Folium, a divided leaf.
Parvum Perianthium, a little floiver-cup, or comparatively small,.
opposed to Magnum.
Patens Caulis, Ramus, &c. spreading stalks and branches;
Patulus Calyx, a spreading cup.
Paucifloris, having few flowers.
Pedalis Caulis, a stalk a foot in height.

Pedatum Folium, a species of compound leaf, whose divisions

resemble the toes of a foot, as in Helleborus Fcetida.

Pedicellus, a little foot-stalk.

Pedum cularis Cirrhus, a tendril proceeding from the foot-stalk

of a flower.
Pedunculati Flores, flowers growing on foot-stalks.

Pedunculus, the foot-stalk of a flower.

Peltatum Folium, when the foot-stalk is inserted into the disk

of the leaf, and not into its base.

Penicilliformia Stigmata, a stigma in form of a painter's pencil.

Pentagonus Caulis, a five-angled stalk.

Pentagynia, five females, the fifth order of a class.

Pentandria, five males, the fifth class in the Sex. Syst. of Linwxus
Pentapetala Corolla, a flower consisting of five petals.

Pentaphyllus Calyx, a calyx consisting of five leaves.

Perennis Radix, a perennial root, continuing for many years.

Perfectus Flos, flowers having petals, the perfect flowers of Ray,

Tournefort, and other botanists.
2 M
A30 TABLE VII.

Perfoliatum Folium, when the base of the leaf entirely surrounds

the stem, or when the stalk grows through the centre of
the leaf, as in Crassula Pekfoliata.
Perforati Cot yle pones, pierced through, a species of the Mono-
cotyledones, exemplified in the Germina; also an order
of plants in the Fragments Methodi Naturalis of Linn ecus.
Peiuanthium, a kind of calyx so called when contiguous to the

fructification.

Pericarpium, a species of pod that contains the seed.

Perichjetium, a modification in the receptaculum in the Mcsci
and Algje.
Perpendicularis Radix, a perpendicular, or downright root.

Personate, masked, an order of plants in the Fragmenta Metho-

di Naturalis of Linnaus.
Pes, a foot.
Petaliformia Stigmata, a stigma resembling the shape of a
petal.

Petalodes Flos, a flower having petals.

Petalum, the corollaceous teguments of a flower.

Petiolaris Cirrhus, a tendril proceeding from the foot-stalk of

a leaf.

Petiolatum Folium, a leaf growing on a foot-stalk;

Petiolus, a little foot-stalk.

Pileus, a hat or bonnet, the orbicular expansion cf a mushroom,

which covers the fructification.

Pili, hairs.

PiLosuM Folium, leaves whose surface is covered with long di-

stinct hairs.

Pinnatifidum Folium (a winged leaf), applied to simple leaves

whose laciniae are transverse to the rachiae.

Pinnatum Folium, a winged leaf.

PiPERiTae, pepper, an order of plants in the Fragmenta Methodi

Naturalis of Linnaus.

Pistillum, or female organ of generation, whose office is to re-

receive the farina fecund ans.

Pixidatum Folium, a kind of foliage, where one leaf is let into

another by a joint, as in Equisetum.

 TABLE VII. 531

V; vcr.NT.vrio, Cotyledons, of the seed.

Pi anipetalus Flos, a flower with plain flat petals.

Plants, plants, one of the seven families of vegetables, com pre*

hauling all which are not included in the other six tribes.

Planum Folium, plain flat leaves.

Plknus Flos, a full or double flower.
Plicatum Fulium, a plaited leaf.

Plumata Seta, a feathered hair or bristle.

Plumosus Pappus, a kind of soft down.
Plumula, the ascending scaly part of the corculum.
Pollen, meal, the prolific powder contained in the anthera.

Pollex, a thumb, the length of the first joint of the thumb, or a

Parisian inch.
Pol v a Delphi a, many brotherhoods, the eighteenth class in the
Sexual System.
Polyandri a, many males, the thirteenth class in the Sexual Sy-

stem of Linnatis.

Polycotyi.edones, many cotyledons.

Polvg amia, many marriages, the twenty-third class in the Sexual

System.
Polygynia, many females, an order of some of the classes in the

Sexual System.
Poly petal a Corolla, a flower many petals.
consisting of

Polyphillum Involucrum, an involucrum of many leaves.

Polystachius Culm us, a stalk of grass having many spikes.
Pomace/e, Pomum, an apple, an order of plants in the Fragmenta
Method Natural is of
i Linnaeus.

Pomum, an apple.

Poiu, pores.
Pr.t.morsa Radix, a bitten root, when it ends abruptly, as in
Scabiosa.
Pbbcls, an order of plants in the Fragmenta Methodi Naturalis
of Linnaus.
Prism aticus Calyx, a triangular flower-cup.
Procumbens Caulis, lying on the ground.

1 M 2
532 TABLE VI

Prolifek Flo*, flowers growing through, or out of one another,

either from the centre or side.

Prominulum Dissepimentum, jetting out beyond the valves.

Pronum Discum Folii, leaves having their face downwards.
Propago, a shoot, the seed of mosses.
Proprium Involucrum, an involucrum when at the base of an
umbellated flower.
Pseudo, a bastard.
Pubes, down, or hair, one of the seven kinds of fulcra.
Pulposum Folium, a leaf having a pulpy or fleshy substance.
Pulveratum Folium, a leaf powdered with a kind of dust like

meal, as in Primula Farinosa.

Punctatum Folium, a leaf sprinkled with hollow dots or points.
Putamineje, like a shell, an order of plants in the Fragmenta Me-
thodi Naturalis of Lirmxus.

Q
Qcadk anculare Folium, a quadrangular leaf, having four pro-
minent angles in the circumscription of its disk.

Quadrihdum Folium, a leaf divided into four parts.

(Juadrijugum Folium, a leaf having four pair of folioles.

Quadrilobum Folium, a leaf consisting of four lobes.

Quadripartitum Folium, a leafConsisting of four divisions down

to the base.

Quina Folia, verticillate leaves, coming by fives.

Quaterna Folia, when verticillate leaves come by fours, having
four in each whorl.

Quinatum Folium, when a digitate leaf has five folioles.

CIuinquangui.are Folium, a leaf having five prominent angles

in the circumscription of the disk.
Quinquejucum Folium, wln;n a pinnated leaf ha* five pair of
folioles.

Quinquelobum Folium, a leaf having five lobes.

Quinquefidum Folium, a leaf consisting of five divisions, with

liirear sinuses, and straight margins.

Qui.nquf.partitum Folium, consisting of five divisions down to

the base-
 TABLE VII.

R
Racemus, a buncJi of grapes or currants, or any other bunch of
berries that bears that resemblance.

Rachis, the back bone, a species of receptaculum, as in tlu: Pa-

nicum.
Rachis Folu Pinnati, the middle rib of a winged leaf, to which
the foiioles are affixed.
Radiatus Flos, a species of compound flowers, in which the florets

of the disk are tubular, and those of the radius ligulate,

as in the class Svngenesia.

Radicalia Folia, leaves proceeding immediately from the root.

Radicans Caulis, a stalk bending to the ground, and taking root

where it touches the earth.
Radicatum Folium, leaves shooting out roots.
Radicula, a little root.

Radius, a ray, the ligulate margin of the disk of a compound

flower.

Radix, a root.

Ramea Folia, regards leaves that grow only on the branches,

and not on the trunk.
Ramosissimus Caulis, stalks abounding wiih branches irregularly
disposed.
Ramus, a branch of a tree.
Ramosus Caulis, a stalk having many branches.
Receptaculum, a receptacle, the basis on which the parts of
fructification are connected.

Reclinatum Folium, a leaf reclined or bending downward.

Recurvatum Folium, a loaf bent backwards.
Ref lexus Ramus, a branch bent back towards the trunk.
Regularis Corolu, a flower whose parts are regular in its figure
and magnitude.
Rf.motus Verticillus, when the whorls of flowers and leaves
stand at a distance from one another.

Renifobme Folium, a kidney shaped leaf.

Refandum Folium, a leaf having a bending or waved margin,

Without any angles,
534 TABLE VII.

EtEPENS Radix, a creeping root extending horizontally.

Repens Caulis, a creeping stalk either running along the ground,

on tree?, or rocks, and striking roots at certain distances.

Reft AN s Flagellum, creeping along the ground, as in Fragaria.

Restantes Pedunci i.i, foot-stalks remaining on, after the fruc-

tification lias fallen off.

Resupinatio Flouum, when the upper lip of tlie flower faces die

ground, and the lower lip is turned upwards.

Resupinatum Folium, when the lower disk of the leaf looks up-
ward.
Retroflexus Ramus, a branch bent in different directions.

Retkofhactus Pedunculus, bent backwards tow ards its insertion,

as if it were broken.
Retusum Folium, when the apex of the leaf is blunt.
Reyolutum Folium, a leaf rolled back.
Rh.eades, the red poppy, an order of plants in the Fragmenta
Methodi Naturalis of Linnccus.

Rhombeum Folium, a leaf whose shape nearly resembles a

rhombus.
Rhomboideum Folium, a leaf of a geometrical figure, who^c
sides and angles are unequal.
Rigious Caulis Folia, stiff? hard, rigid.

Rimosus Caulis, abounding with clefts and chinks.

Ringens, grinning and gaping.
Rosaceus Flos, a flower whose petals are placed in a circle, in
form like those of a rose.
Rostellum, a little beak, the descending plain part of the corcu-
lum of the seed.

Rotaceje, a wheel, an order of plants in the FVagmenta Methodi

Naturalis of Linnceus.

Rotatus Limdus, Corolla, a wheel-shaped flower, expanded

horizontally, having a tubular basis.

Rotundatum Folium, a roundish leaf.

Rubra Lactescentia, red milkiness in plants.

Ruderata Loca, rubbishy places.

Rugosum Folium, a rough or wrinkled leaf.
 TABLE VII. .533

s
Sagittatum Folium, an arrow-shaped leaf.

Sarmentaceje, a tivig or shoot of a vine, an order of plants in

the Fragmenta Methodi Naturalis of Linncrus.

Sarmentosus Caulis, the shoot of a tint', naked between each
joint, and producing leaves at the joints.

Scaber Caulis, et Folium, scabby and rough, having tubercles.

Scabridje, rough, an order of plants in the Fragmenta Methodi

Naturalis of Linnceus.
Scabrit! ;
-, a s])ccies of pubescens, composed of particle$ scarce
visible to the naked eye, sprinkled on the surface of plants.
Scandens Caulis, a climbing stalk.

Scapus, a species of stalk which elevates the fructification, and

not the leaves, as in Narcissus.
Scariosum Folium, leaves dry on the margin that sound when
touched.
Scitaminia, fair, beautiful, an order of plants iq the Fragmenta
Methodi Naturalis of Linnccus.

Scorpioides I-los, a flower resembling the tail of a scorpion.

Scutellum, a species of fructification which is orbicular, concave,

and elevated in the margin, as in some species of Lichen,

ScYPHIR, cup-bearing, a subdivision of the genus Lichen.
Secretoria Scabrities, a species of glandular roughness on the
surface of some plants.
Secunda SriCA, a spike of grass with the flowers turned all to-

wards one side.

Secup.ifor.mis Pubescentia, a species of pubes on the surface of

some plants, the bristles resembling an axe or hatchet.

Semen, seed.

Seminale Folium, seed leaves.

Sempervirens Folium, an ever-green leaf.

Semiteres Caulis, half a cylinder, flat on one side, and round on

the other.

Sena Folia, leaves growing in sixes, as in Galium Spumum.

Senticosje, a briar or bramble, an order of plants in the Frag-
menta Methodi Naturalis of Lbsrueus.
i36 TABLE VII.

Skpiamje, a hedge, an order of plants in the Fragmenta Methodi

Naturalis of Linnanis.
Sericeum Folium, a leaf whose surface is of a soft silky texture.
Serratum Folium, a sawed leaf.

Sessile Folium, a leaf growing immediately to the stem, with-

out any foot-stalk.
Setje, a bristle, a species of pubescens, covering the surface of

some plants.

Setaceum Folium, leaves shaped like bristles.

Sexus Plantarum, plants are distinguished by the sex of their

flowers, which are either male, female, or bisexual.

Silicula, a little pod, a bivalve pericarpium. See class Tetra-

dynamia.
Siliq.ua, a pod, a pericarpium consisting of two valves, in which
the seeds are fixed alternately to each suture.
Siliquosa, the second order in the class Tetradynamia.
Siliquos.e, an order of plants in theFragmenta Methodi Natu-
ralis of Linnaus.
Simplex Caulis, a simple or single stem.
Simplicissimus Caulis, the most simple stalk.

Sinuatum Folium, a leaf whose sides are hollowed or scolloped.

Situs Foliorum, the disposition of leaves on the stem and

branches, which are either starry, by threes, opposite,

alternate, scattered, or crowded.

Solidus Caulis, a solid stalk or stem.

Solitawus Pedunculus, when only one flower-stalk proceeds

from the same part.
Solutte Stipule, loose, opposed to adnatac.

Spadix, the receptacuhun of a palm, a pedunculus which proceeds

from a spatha.
Sparsi Rami, Pedunculi Folia, scattered without order.
Spatha, a species of calyx resembling a sheath.
Spathaceje, like a sheath, an order of plants in the Fragmenta
Methodi Naturalis of Linnceus.

Sfatulatum Folium, a leaf in form of a spatula, an instrument

used to spread salve.
 TABLE VII. 537

Species Plantarum, the third subdivision in the Linnaean System.

Spica, a spike, a species of inflorescence resembling an ear of corn.
Spica Secunda, when the flowers al turn towards one side.
Spica Duticha, when the flowers are in two rows, and look two
ways.
Spicula, a little spike.

Spina, thorns or rigid prickles.

Spinosus Caulis, stron* prickles, whose roots proceed from the
wood of the stem, and not from the surface of the bark.

Spirales Cotyledones, seminal lea-.vs twisted spirally.

Spithama, a spun, or seven Parisian inches.

Splendentia Folia, a shining leaf.

Squamosa Radix, a scaly root.

Squarrosum, rough, scaly, or scurfy.

Stamen, the filaments that sustain the anthera.

Stamineus Flos, flowers having stamina, and no corolla.

Statuminat.e, a prop, an order of plants in the Fragtnenta Me-

thodi Naturalis of Linnaus.
Stellata Folia, leaves surrounding the stem, like the rays of a
circle.

Stellate Seta, a species of pubescens called bristles, when they

arise from a centre in form of a star, as in the Mesem buy-
anthem um Barbatum.
Stellata Plant a, one of Mr. Ray's classes, the Tetrandria Mo-
nogynia of Linnaus.
Stellata, an order of plants in the Fragtnenta Method Natura-
i

lis of Linnaus.
Sterilis Flos, a barren jleivcr, masculus of Linnaus.
Stigma, apex of the pistillum.
Stimuli, stings.
Stipitatus Pappus, a kind of trunk that elevates the down, and
connects it with the seed.
Stii'ula, one of the kinds of fulcra of plants, generally growing
on each side of the base of the foot-stalks of leaves or

flowers, and are either by twos, single, deciduous, abid-

ing, adhering, loote, on the inside of the foot-stalks or

on the outside.
 53S TABLE VII.

SriruLAREs Glandule, glands produced from stipulas.

Stolo, a shoot, which running on the surface of the ground

strikes root at every joint, as in Fkagaria and others.
Striatus Caulis, Culmus, &c. channelled streaks, running
lengthwise in parallel lines.
Strictus Caulis, straight stiff shoots;

Strict, ridges, rows.

Stkobilus, a species of pericarpiuin, formed from an amentum,
as the cone of the pine-tree.
Stylus, that part of the pistillum which elevates the stigma from
the germen.
Submersum Folium, when aquatic plants have their leaves sunk
under the surface of the water.
Subramosus Caulis, a stalk having few branches.
Subrotundum Folium, a leaf almost round.

Subulatum Folium, an awl-shaped leaf.

Succulent*, juicy, an order of plants in the Fragmenta Metho-

di Naturalis of Linnaus.

Suffrutex, an under shrub.

Sulcatus Caulis, Culmus, a stalk deeply furrowed lengthways.
Superflua Polvgamia, superfluous, the second order in the class

Syngenesia.
Superus Flos, when the receptacle of the flower stands above
the germen.
Supra-Axillauis Peounculus, the foot-stalk of a flower, whose
insertion is above the angle formed by the branch.
Supra-Decomposita Folia, are composite leaves which have lit-

tle leaves growing on a subdivided foot-stalk.

Supra-Foliaceus, Pedunculus, the foot-stalk of a flower inserted
into the stem immediately above the leaf.

Surculus, a ixvig, the stalks or branches of mosses.

Syngenesia, to generate together, the nineteenth class in the
Sexual System.

T
Tegumentum, a cover, the perianthium and corolla.
Teres Cauhs Folium, a cylindrical stalk or leaf.
 TABLE VII. 539

Terceminum Folium Compositum, a leaf three times double, when

adichotomus petiolus is subdivided, having two foliola on
the extremity uf each division.
Terminalis Flos, flowers terminating a branch.

Terna Folia, leaves in whorls by threes.

Ternatum Folium, a chequered leaf, whose squares are of dif-
ferent colours.

Tessellatum Folium, a chequered leaf, whose squares are of

different colours.

Tetradynamia, the superiority or power of four, the fifteenth

class in the Sexual System.

Tetragon us Caulis, a four-cornered or square stalk.

Tetragynia, four females, the fourth order of some of the classes

in the Sexual System.

Tetrandria, four males, the fourth class in the Sexual System.
Tetrapetala Corolla, a flower consisting of four petals.

Tetraphyllus Calyx, a flower cup consisting of four leaves.

Tetrasperma Planta, producing four seeds.

Thalamus, a bed, the receptacle.

Theca, a sbeath.
Thyrsus, a spike like a pine-cone.

Tomentosus Caulis Folia, a stalk and leaf covered with a

whitish down like wool.
Tomentum, a species of pubescence, covering the surface of some
plants of woolly or downy substance.

Torosum Pericarpium, brawny protuberances, like the swelling

of the veins when a pericarpium is bunched out by the en-
closed seeds.
Tort a Corolla, when the petals of a flower are twisted, as in
Nerium.
Tortilis Arista, awns or beards of corn tw isted like a screw.

Transversum Dissepimentum, w hen the dissepiments are at right

angles with the sides of the pericarpium.

Tr apeziforme Folium, a leaf having four prominent angles, whose

sides are neither equal nor opposite.

Triandria, three males, the third class in the Sexual System.

5iO • TABLE VII.

Triangulare Folium, a triangular leaf.

Tricocca Capsula, a capsule with three cells, and a single seed

in each cell.

Thicocc.c, an order of plants in the Fragmenta Methodi Natura-

lis of Limiccus.
Tricuspidata, three-pointed.
Tbifidum Folium, a leaf divided into three linear segments, hav-

ing straight margins:

TeifloeUs Pedunculus, a foot-stalk bearing three flowers.

TniGONUs Caulis, a three-sided stalk.

Tkigynia, three females, the third order in some of the classes.

Trihtllatje, a seed having three eyes.

Tkuigum Folium, a winged leaf, with three pair of foliola.

Triloblm Folium, a leaf having three lobes.

Trinekvum Folium, a leaf having three strong nerves running

from the base to the apex.

Tricecia, three houses, the third order m the class Polygamia in

the Sexual System.

Tripartitum Folium, a leaf divided into three parts down to the

base.
Tripetala Corolla, a flower consisting of three petals.

Tripetaloides:, threc-pctaled, an order of plants in the Fragmen-

ta Methodi Naturalis of Linnctus.
Triphyllus Calyx, a cup consisting of three leaves.
Tripinnatum Folium, Compositum, a leaf having a triple series

of pinna, or wings.
Triplinekve Folium, a leaf having three nerves running from the
base to the apex.
Triquetrum Folium, Caulis, leaves and stalks having three plain
sides.

Trisperma, three-seeded, as in Euphorbia.

Triternatum Folium, Compositum, a compound leaf when the
divisions of a triple petiolus are subdivided into threes.

Trivalve Pericarpium, a pod consisting of three valves.

Truncatum Folium, a leaf haviug its apex as it were cnt ofF.

Thuncus,, the body or stem of a tree.

 TABLE VII. 541

Tuberculatum, having pimples or tubercles.

Tuberculum, a little pimple.
Tub eros a Radix, a tuberous or knobbed root.
Tubulatum Perianthium, tubular flowers, as in the class Didy-
namia.
Tubulosi Flosculi, tubular florets nearly equal, one of the three
divisions of compound flowers.

Tubus, a tube, the lower and narrow part of a monopetalous

flower.

Tunic vtus Radix, a species of bulbous root, having coats lying

one over another from the centre to the surface, as in the
Onion, Tulip, &c.
Turbinatum Pericarimum, a kind of pod shaped like a top, nar-
row at the base and broad at the apex.

Turgidum Legumen, swollen, puffed out, as in Ononis.

Tu rio, the young buds or shoots of pines.

V
Vaginales, sheathed, an order of plants in the Fragmenta Me-
thodi Naturalis of Liniuzus.
VaCinans Folium, a leaf like a sheath, whose base infolds the

stem.
Valvula, a valve, a partition of the external cover of that sort of
pericarpium called capsula.
Vegetabilia, one of the three kingdoms of nature.
Venosum Folium, the veins which run over the whole surface of

a leaf.

Ventricosa Spica, a spike narrowing at each extremity, and

bellying out in the middle.
VentriculosuS Calyx, a flower-cup bellying out in the middle,,

but not in so great a degree as Ventricosus.

Veprecul£, a briar or bramble, an order of plants in the Frag-
menta Methodi Naturalis of Linna-us.
Verrucosa Capsula, a capsule having little knobi or warts oo
its surface.
542 TABLE VII.

Versatilis Anthera, when the anthera is fixed by the middle

on the point of the filament, and so poised as to turn like

the needle of a compass.

Verticalia Folia. Leaves so situated that their base is perpen-
dicular above the apex.

Verticillati Rami, Flob.es, Folia, branches, flowers, or leaves .

surrounding the stein like the rays of a wheel.

Verticillat.e, an order of plants in the Fraginenta Methodi Na-
turalis of Linnccia.
Veiutcillus, a species of inflorescence, in which the flowers
grow in whorls, as in Mentha.
Vesicula, a little bladder.
Vesiculous Scaurities, a kind of glandular roughness, resemb-
ling Vesicula:.

Vexillum, a standard, the upright petal of a papilionaceous

flower.

Vii.losus, Caulis, Folium, a stalk or leaf covered with soft hairs.

Virgatus Caulis, stalks shooting out ; slender, straight branches

or rods.

Viscidum Folium, a leaf whose surface is clammy.

Viscositas, gleziy, clammy.
Uliginosa Loca, boggy places.

Um uella, an umbel or umbrella.

Um bellatus Flos, an umbellated Jioxver, as in Pentandria Di-
GYNIA.
Umeellula, a little umbel.
Umbilicatum Folium, a peltate leaf, shaped like a navel, at the
insertion of the foot-stalk.

Uncinatum Stigma, a hooked stigma.

Undatum Folium, a wooed leaf, whose surface rises and falls in
waves towards the margin.
Undulata Corolla, a flower whose petals are waved.
Unguis, a nail or claw, that part of a petal that is joined to the.

receptacle.
Untcus Flos, one jl&tvcr.
Unicus Radix, a single root.
 TABLE VII. 5«
Lniflorus Pedunculus, one flower on a foot-stalk.

Unilateralis Racemus, a bunch of flowers growing on one side.

Universalis Umbella, an universal umbel.

Volva, the membranaceous calyx of the fungi.

Volubilis Caulis, a twining stalk.

Ukceolata, Corolla, a pitcher-shaped Jloxver.

Urens Caulis, Folium, a leaf or stalk, burning, stinging, as

Nettles.
Utricjli, a species of glandular secretory vessels, on the surface
of various plants.
Vulgaris, common, the trivial name of many plants in the books

of old botanists.
 TABLE VIII.

DERIVATIONS
OF

THE BOTANIC TERMS,

ALPHABETICALLY ARRANGED.

A
ABRUPTUM Folium pinnatum; from abrumpor, to be broken,
Acaulis Herba ; from a priv. and caulis.

Acerosum Folium ; from acus, chaff.

Acicularis; from acicula, a pin, or small needle.

Acinaciforme ; from acinaces, a Persian scymitar.

Acotyledones ; from a priv. and Cotyltdon.
Aculei ; from 'Aiuc, cuspis, a point.

Aculeatus Caulis, Folium; from aculeus, a sting.

Acuminatum Folium ; from acuo, to sharpen.

Acute Serratum Folium from acuo, ; to sharpen, and serra a saw
Acutum Folium; from acuo, to whet.
Adnatum Folium ; from ad, to, and nascor, to be born, to crow
growing close to the stem.

Ad press a Folia; from ad, to, and pressus, pressed.

iEsTivATio; from astas, summer.
Aggregates Flos ; from oggregpj to assemble.
 TABLE VIII. 545

Alaris Peduncidus ; from ala.

Alatus Petiolus ; from ala, a wing.

Alburnum; from a/bus, white.

Amentace.e ; from amentum, a thong.

^Amentum ; from ajxaa, vinculum, a bond or thong.

Amplexicaule Folium; from amplector, to embrace, and caulis,

a stem.
Androgyna Plant a, ; from avijp, rir, a man, and yyvij, mulier, a
woman.
Angustifolia ; from angasius, narrow, and folium, a leaf.

Angyospermia ; from ay fog, vas, a vessel.

Annua Radix ; from annus, a year.

Annulatus Stipes; from annulus, a small ring.

Anomaue Gemma; from a priv. and opaKo;, ecqualis*

Anthera; from av9o;, jlos, a flower.

Apetalus Flos; from a priv. and petalum.
Apex Fo/n ; from apiendo, i. e. ligando.

Aphyllus Caulis; from a, and <pv\\ov, folium, a leaf.

Apophysis ; from airo, and tpvo, nascor, to grow from.
Append icu latus Petiolus ; from appendicula, dim. from appendiy^
a little appendage.
Arborescens; from arbor, a tree.

Arboreus Caulis; from arbor, a tree.

Arbustiva ; from arbustum, a copse of shrubs, or trees ; an or-
chard, a vineyard.
Arcuatum Lcgumen; from arcus, the curvature of an arch, or of

a bow-stick.

Arillata Semina ; from arillus.

Arista ; from areo, to be dry or parched.

Aristata Gluma ; from arista.

Articulus Culmi ; from (tortus, a joint or limb.

Ascyroyde.e ; from tunwpoiv, Pliny's name for the Hypericum-.

Asperifou;e ; from asper, rough, and folium, a leaf.

Assurgentia Folia ; from assurgo, to rise up.

Atten uaTUS Pedunculus; from attenuor, to be wasted, worn,

Auctus Calyx ; from augeor, to be increased.

2 N
546 TABLE VIII.

Avenu Folia; from a, not, and vena, a vein.

Auiuculatum Foliolum ; from auricula, a littleiear, dim. from
atiris, the ear.
Auriformis; from auris, an ear.
Axillaria Foiia; from axilla, the arm-pit.

jcjta iV. ban &j&vim) «.-J ,

,
uto\(\w» rrcoi'l . >\ <MU*;>nca.i<<KA

B
Baccatum Rcceptaculum seminum ; from bacca.

Barbatum Folium; from barba, a beard.

Bicornes ; from and cornu, a horn.

Biennis Radix; from Ms, twice, and annus, a year.
Bifaria Folia; from fo's, and /arif, to speak.

Bifer;e Plant a? ; from and /ero, to bear;

Bifidum Folium ; from few, twice, and fissum, cloven.

Biflorus Pedunculus; from and ^os, a flower.

Bigeminum Folium compositum; from fo's, twice, and geminus,
double.
Bijugum Folium; from ftw, and Jwgo, to yoke.

Bilabiatus Corolla; from fo's, and labium, a lip.

Bilobum Folium; from fo's, twice, and Xsfoc, the tip of the ear.
Bilamellatum Stigma ; from bis, and lamella, a thin plate.
Bilocularis Capsula; horn bis, and loculus, a small place.

Binata Fo/ia ; from 6z>ws, two and two.

Bipartitum Folium; from bis, and partitas, divided.

Bipinnatum Folium compositum ; from bis, and pinnatum, winged.

Biternatum Folium compositum ; from bis, twice, and ternus,

threefold.

Bivalve Per icarpium; from bis, and valvce, doors or valves.

Blattari;e; from blatta, a moth, or little worm.
Brachiatus Caul is ; from brachium, an arm.
Bracteatus Pedunculus; from bractea, a floral leaf.

Bulbiferus Caidis; from bulbus, a round root.

Bulbosa Radix ; from bulbus, a species of onion.

Bullatum Folium; from bulla, a bubble.

 TABLE VIII. 547

c
Caducum Folium; from cado, to fall.

CALAMARiiE ; from calamus, a reed.

Calcaratum Nectarium ; from calcar, a spur.

Caliculatus Calyx; from calicula, dim. from calyx.

Calycanthemi ; from calyx.

Calycifibr.e ; from calyx, and libra, a fibre.

CalyciflorjE ; from calyx, and Jlos.
Calyptra ; from KocXvttluj, tego, to cover.

Calyx ; from xccX-jvIiu, tego, to cover.

Campanacei ; from campana, a bell.

Campaniform is Corolla ; from campana, a bell.

Campanulata Corolla from campanula, a ; little bell.

Canaliculatum Folium ; from cunalicula, dim. from canalis, a

channel.
Cancellatus Pilus; from cancelli, cross bars or trellis.

Candelaris; from candcla, a candle.

Capillaris Pappus ; from capillus, hair.

Capillus (quasi capitis pilus), hair.

Capitulum ; dim. from caput, a head.

Capreolus ; dim. from caprea, a branch that produces tendrils.
Carinatum Folium; from carina, the keel or bottom of a ship.
Cariophyllxus Flos; from caryophyllus, the clove-tree.
Carnosum Folium ; from caro, flesh.

Cartilagineum Folium ; from cartilago, a cartilage.

Caryophyllei ; from caryophyllus, a pink or gillyflower.

Catenulata Scabrities ; from catena, a chain.
Caudex ; from cauda, a tail.

Caulescens Planta ; from caulis.

Caulina Folia ; from caulis, a stem.

Caulis ; from xavXo$, a stalk.

Cernuus Peduncidus, Flos; from cerno, to discern, quod terrain

cernat.

Cespitosa Planta ; from cespes, turf or sod.

Ciliatum Folium; from cilium, the eye-lash.

Circinama Folia; from circes, a hoop or ring.

2 N 2
 SiS TABLE VIII.

CracuMscissA Capsula; from ciraim, about, and cado, to cut.

CiBKiiiFEims Pedunculus ; from cirrhus, and/cro.
Cirrhosum Folium; from cirrhns, a tuft or lock of hair.
Cirrhus, rather cirrus ; from xspaf, eornw, a horn, quod chrrki

cornuum figurant referant.

Clav/eformis ; from clava, a club.

Clavatus Petiolus, Pedunculus; from clanis, a nail, ox clava, a
club.
Clavicula; dim. from claris, a key,
Coadunat.c; from coaduno, to join or gather together.

Coarctati Rami; from coarcto, to straiten or press together.

Cochleatum Legumen ; from cochlea, the shell of a snail.

Coloratum Folium ; from color, colour.

Colcmniferi ; from columna, a pillar, and fero, to bear.

Coma ; from y.oy^, a bush or head of hair.

Comos.'e ; from coma, a head of hair.

Compactum Folium; from compingo, to put together.

Conduplicatum Folium; from con, and duplicor, to be doubled.
Conferti Rami; from confercio, to fill, to stuff!
Confluenti a Foliu ; from confluo, to flow together.

Congloeatus Flos ; from con, and globus, a ball.

Clonglomorati Floret; from con, and glomus, a clew.

Congesta umbella ; from congcror, to be heaped.
Conica Scabrities; from nwvos, conns, a cone.
Conifers ; from y.uivos, a cone, and fcro, to bear.
Conjugatum Folium; from con, together, am] jugo, to couple.
Connatum Foliwn ; from con, and nascor, to be born, to grow
together.
Connivens Corolla; from connivo, to wink.

Contorti ; from contorqueo, to twist.

Convolutus cirrus; from convolve, to wrap round

Corcueum ; dim. from cor, the heart.
Cordatum Folium; from cor, the heart;
Coriaceous Calyx ; from cor htm, leather.
Corolla; dim. from corona, a crown.
Corollula; dim. from corolla.

Coronary; from corona, a crown.

 TABLE VIII. 54-9

Coronula; dim. from corona.

Cortex from corium, a hide, and tego, to cover.
;

Corticalis Gemmatio; from cortex, rind or bark,

Corticatum Semen; from cortex,
Corydales ; from xopv(, galea, cassis, galerita, a helmet.
Cotyledon ; from xo7oA^, cavkas, a cavity.
Crematum Folium; from crena, a notch.
Crixitcs ; from crinis, hair.

Crist atcs Flos ; from crista, a tuft or~crest.

Cruciformes Flores ; from c/v/.r, a cross, and forma, form.
Cryptantherje; from y.p-jrlx', occulto, to hide, and avdios, jlos,

a flower.
Crvptogamia; from xc-.tr^;, occultus, concealed, and yapoc,
nuptia:, nuptials.

Cubitus ; from cubando, lying down, quod ad sumendos cibos in

ipso cubamus.

Cucullatum Folium; from cucullus, a coronet of paper in which

grocers put their spices.
Cucurbitace.s ; from cucurbita, a gourd.
Culmini/e; from admen, the top or crown of any thing.
Culmus; from xaXauo;, calamus, a reed or straw.
Cuneiforme Foliwn ; from cuneus, a wedge.
Cuspidatum Folium; from cuspis, the point of a spear.
Cyatiiiformis Corolla, Calyx; from cyathus, a cup.
Cylindracea Spica ; from cylindrus, a roller, a cylinder.
Cylindrica Scabrities ; from cylindrus.
Cyma from kvij.x, fa'tus.
;

Cymosus F*los; from cyma, a sprout.

Cytjniformis Calyx ; from cytinus, the flower of the pomegranate.

D
D.ed aleum Folium; from SaiSaXos, dadalus, ingenious,
Pebilis, Caulis ; from de and habilis.

Decagyniv; from Sexa, decern, ten, and yunj, mulier, a woman.

Decandria ; from Ssxa, decern, ten, and anjp, maritus, a husband.
Decaphvllus Calyx ; from fcy.z, decern, ten, and <pv\hov, folium,

a leaf.

Peciduum Folium ; from decido, to fall down, to die.

5jO TABLE VIII.

Decumbens Flos; from decumbo, to lie down.

Decurrens Folium; from decurro, to run along.

Decursive Folium pinnalum ; from decurro, to run along.

Decussata Folia ; from decusso, to divide.
Deflf.xus Ramus; from deflcclo, to bow or bend.

Deflorata; from de, and Jlos.

Dehiscent Sili'jua; from dehisco, to open, to gape.

Deltoid es Folium ; from A, delta, the Greek D.

Demersum Folium ; from doner go, to dive.

Dendroidis Surculi/s; from o&vopov, arhustum, a shrub.

DiiNTATUM Folium ; from dens, a tooth.

Denticulata Semina ; from denticulus, a little tooth.

Denuoat^e; from denudor, to be stripped naked.

Dependens Folium ; from dependeo, to hang down.
Diadflphia; from Sis, bis, two, and aozktpoc, frater, a brother.
Diandria; from Sis, bis, two, and avijs, maritus, a husband.
Diangi/e; from Sis, and ayfog, vas, a vessel, or loculamenlu?n.

Dichotomus Caulis ; from Siyjito^s, dissectus, divided.

Dicotyledones ; from Sis, and cotyledon.

Dicoccum Pericarptiini ; from Sic, and jIojocos, granum, a grain.
Didvma Anther a; from SiSvpos, geminus, twins.
Didynamia; from Sis, bis, two, and ovvouus, potentia, power.
Difformia Folia; from Sis, and forma, form, shape.
Digitatum Folium; from digitus, a finger.
Digynia; from and yvvrj} midier, a woman.
Dimidiatum Capitulum ; from dimidius, half.
Dicecia, Sis, bis, and ojxo;, domtls, a house.
Dip ET ala Corolla; Sis, and irsraXov, petalum.
Dipuyllus Calyx ; from &c, and tpvXXov, folium, a leaf.

Diplosanther;e; from SiirXoos, duplex, double, and anthera.

Disperma ; from Sis, and sperma, a seed.
Diss iliens Silujuu ; from dissilio, to break, to shiver.

Disticha Folia, Rami ; from Sis, and <r-riyus, ordo, rank.

Divaricati Ra?ni ; from divarico, to stride.

Dodecandkia; from Svosxa, duodecim, twelve, and anjp,

tas, a husband.
Dodrantahs Caulis; from dodrans, nine inches.
 TABLE VIII. 551

Dolabri forme Folium ; from dolubra, an axe.

Dorsalis Arista, probably for dorsualis ; from dorsum, the back.
Drupa ; from Spits, arbor, and rfnrlx', cado, to fall
;
ripe fruit.

DrupacE-S ; from drupa.

Dumos^e; from dumus, a bush.
Duplicata Radix; from duplex, double.

E
Eeracteatus Racemus ; from e priv. and bractea, a bracteal or
floral leaf.

Ecalcarata Corolla ; from e priv. and calcar, a spur.

Ecaudata Corolla; from e priv. and cauda, a tail.

Echinatum Pericarpium from s%(voc, crinaceus, a hedgehog.;

Efflorescentia ; from ejjloresco, to blow, to bloom.

Emarginatum Folium; from e, and ??iargo, the margin.

Enervium, or enerve Folium ; from f, and nervus, a nerve, or

string.

Enneandria ; from svvsot, novem, nine, and avijf, maritus, a

husband.
Enneapetala Corolla; from svvsa, novem, nine, and itftaXov,
petalum.
Enodis Caulis, Culmus; from c, and nodus.
EnsaTjE; from ensis, a sword.
Ensiforme Folium ; from a sword.
Equitantia Folia ; from equitans, riding.
Erosum Folium ; from erodor, to be gnawed.
Excedens; from excedo.

Exserta Stamina; from exsero, to put forth.

Exstipulatus ; from ex, and stipula, stubble or straw.

Exsuccum Folium; from ex, and succus, juice.

Extrafoliace;e Stipulce ; from exfra, and folium.

F
Farctum Folium ; from farcio, to stuff, to cram.
Fasciculata Fo/*« ; from fasciculus, a little bundle.

Fascicularis Radix ; from fascis, a bundle.

Fasciculus; dim. from fascis, a bundle.

Fasciata Planta ; from fascis, a bundle.

552 TABLE VIII.

Fastigiati Pedunculi; from fastigium, the apex, or top of a py-

ramid.
Fibrosa Radix; from fibra, a fibre.
Filamentosa liudix ; from filum, a thread.

Filamentum ; from fihim, a thread.

FiLicESj from filum, a thread.
Filiformis Filamentum, Stylus, Receptaculum ; from filum, a thread,
and forma, form or shape.
Fimbricata Petala; from fimbria, a border or fringe.

Fissum Folium; from findor, to be cloven.

Fistulosus Caul is ; from fistula, a pipe.
Flabellifoli/E from Jlabcllum, a fan.

Flagellum ; from Jlagricm, a whip or thong.

Floralia Folia ; from Jlos, a flower.
Florams Gemma ; from Jlos.

Florifer;e Gemma: ; from Jlos, and fero, to bear.

Fluviatilis ; from Jluvius, a river.

Foliaris Cirrus ; from folium, a leaf.

Foliatio Planta; from folium.

Folifer^ Gemma; from folium, and fero to bear.

Foliolum ; dim. of folium, a green leaf.

Foliosum Capitulum ; from folium.

Foluculus ; dim. from follis, a bag.
Fornicatum Petalum; from fornix, an arch or vault.
Fuondescentia ; from frons, a leaf.

Frondosus Caudex ; from frons.

Fuuctescentia ; from fructus, fruit.

Fructificatio ; from fructus, fruit.

Fructiflor;e ; from fructus, fruit, and Jlos, a flower.

Frustranla Polygamia; from frusira, to no purpose,
Frutescfns Caulis; from frutcx, a shrub.
Fruticosus Caulis; from frulex, a shrub.
FuGACissiMA Petala ; from fugax, fleeting.

Fulcratus Caulis, Ramus ; from fidcio, to prop,

Fungi ; from <r<pcyyOi, fungus.

Furcata Frons ; (wm.furca, a fork.

Fusiformis Radix ; from fusus, a spindle.
 TABLE VIII.

G
Galea ; from yaXrr
Galeatcm Labium; from galea, a helmet.

Geminatcs Pedunculus J from geminus, double.

Gemma ; from geno, i. e. gigno, or from yepa), plenus sum.

Gemmatio ; from getmna, a young bud.

Gemmiparvs; from gemma, a bud, and pario, to bear.

Genicui.atus Caul is, Cutmus, Pedunculus; from genu, the knec.

Geniculum ; from genu, the knee.
Gibbum Folium ; from gibba, a hump on the back.
Glaihata Siliqua ; from gladius, a sword or knife.
Glandulatio; from glow, an acorn, a glam!.

Glareosis, locis understood ; from glareo, gravel.

Glaucophyllus ; from fKavms, glaucus, blue, and OvXXov, fo-
lium, a leaf.

Gloposa Radix ; from globus, a globe.

Globularis Scabrities ; dim. from globus, a round ball or globe.
Glochides; from yXxyjg, cuspis, a point.

Glomerata Spica ; from glomus, a clue of yarn or thread.

Gluma ; from glubo, to strip the bark from a tree.

Glumosus ; from gluma. ,

Glutinositas ; from gluten, glue, paste.

Granulata Radix ; from granum, a grain.

Gymxospermia ; from yvjwoc, nudas, naked, an d otf&u&o, seed,
Gynandria ; from yvyrJy mulier, a woman, and xvr^, tit; a man,

H
Habitualis Character; from habitus.

Hamosa Seta; from dpi), falx, a hook, asking Mr. Ainsworth's

pardon.
Hastatum Folium ; from hasta, a spear.

Hederifolia ; from hedera, the ivy.

Hemisphericus Cfl/j/x; from if ^ sends, half, and &fecio a, sphacra.

a sphere.
Hepatica ; from hepar, the liver.

IIeptandria j from fafla, septcm, seven, and oLvyg, maritus, a

husband.
554- TABLE VIII.

Herba; de etym. par urn constat.

Herbace* Planta ; from herba, an herb.
Hermaphroditic Flos; from E^ar,? Mercury, and Apfo^Vn;, Ve-
nus.
Hesperi dje 5 from Hesperides, whose orchards produced golden
fruit.
Hexandria; from tg, sex, six, and avijp, wr, a man.
IIexagynia; from i£, sex, six, and yuwjj mulier, a woman.
Hexapetala Corolla ; from £0, scr, and itzraXov, petalum.
Hexaphyllls Crt/j/x ; from QvWov, folium, a leaf.

Holeraces; from o/ws, pot-herbs, or herbs for food.

Horizontals Flos ; from horizon.

Hybrida Planta ; from u'Sfift injuria, injury, dishonour.

Hvpocrateriformis Corolla ; from into, ub, and y.cz-rr^, a cup.

Icosandria ; from eatom, viginti, and avvjc, jnaritus, a husband.

Imbricatus, Caulis, Cubnus, Calyx ; from imbrex, a tile.

Lnanis Caulis; from inanicc, cobwebs.

Includens Calyx ; from includo, to include, or shut up.

Inclusa Stamina; from z», and claudo, to shut in.

Incrassatus Pedunculus; from incrasso, to make thick, to fatten.

Incumbens Anthera ; from incumbo, to lean against.

Inerme Folium; from zV? priv. and ar»ia.

Inferus F/os; from infra beneath.

Inflatum Perianthhan ; from in, and flatus, a puff, a blast.

Inflexa Folia; from hiflecto, to bend inward.

Infundibuliformis Corolla, nectarium; from infundibulum, a fun-
nel.

Insertus Petiolus ; from inseror, to be put in.

Insidens ; from insido, to rest or sit upon.

Integerrimum Folium ; from integer, entire.

Interfoliaceus Pedunculus; from into', between, and folium, a

leaf.

Intorsio ; from in, and torsio, writhing.

Intrafoli ace* Stipidm ; from irefra, within, and folium, a leaf.
Inundata loca ; from in, and unda, a wave, or water.
 TABLE VIII. 555

Involucellum ; from involucrum.

Involucratus Verticillus ; from involucrum.
Involucrum; from in, and volvo, to roll or wrap.
Involuta Folia; from in, and volvo, to roll.

Juncifolius; from juncus, a rush, and folium.

L
Labiatus Flos ; from labium, a Up.
Lacerum Folium ; from \a.xoc,jissura, a cleft or fissure.

Lacim*, from latino, to make holes.

Laciniatum Folium; from lucinia, a fringe or jag.

Lactescen riA ; from lac, milk.

Lacunosum Folium; from lacuna, a ditch, a trench.

Lacusttus Plantai ; from /acws, a lake.

Lamell.e; from lamella, a small thin plate.

Lanatum Folium; from /««a, wool.

Lanceolatum Folium ; from lanceola, a little lance.

Lateuales Flores ; from /atas, aside.

Laterifolius Pedunculus ; from /a/ws, a side, and folium, a leaf.

Lenticulaius Scabrities; dim. from tews, a lentil.

Leprosus ; from lepra, leprosy.

Levis Caulis; rather lav is, smooth.

Lignosus Caulis; from lignum, wood.
Ligulatus Flos; from ligula, a strap.

LiliacEjE ; from lilium, the lily.

Line a ;
proprie est funiculus ex lino, a line*

Linea re Folium, Pitiolus; from linea.

Lineatum Folium; from linea.

Lingulatum Folium; from lingua, a tongue.

Ljthophyta ; from \tfo;, lapis, a stone, and fvtw, planta, a

plant
Lobatum Folium; from Ao£oc, lobus, the lobe or tip of the ear.

Loculus; dim. from locus, a place.

Lomentace.e ; from lomentum, bean-meal.

Longiusculus j dim. from comp. longior.
53<3 TABLE VIII.

Lucjdi m Folium ; from far, light.

Lumbricii ormis ; from lumbricus, an earth-worm.

Lunatum Folium from luna, the moon. ;

Lunulata Carina from lunula dim. a half-moon.

;

Lurid.*: ; from luridus, pale, wan.

Lutea Luctescentia ; from luteum, the yolk of an egg.
Lvratum Folium ; from /ym, a harp or lyre.

M
Marcescens Corolla ; from marceo, to wither.
Marco Folii ; from margo, margin.
Mas Flanta; etym. inctrtum.
Masculus Flos; from mas.

Medulla from iwe\ost marrow.

;

Membuanaceum Folium ; from membrana, a memhrane.

Meteoric i Flores solares ; from psTsupoc.
Miniatus; from minium, red lead.

Monadelphta ; from jMovoc, unicus, one only, and aos/^o;, frater

brother.
Monaxdri a ; from aovo;, unicus, one, and avijc, maritus, a hus-
band.
Mon axgije ; from povos, unicus, and ayfo;, vas, a vessel, or locu-

lamentum.
Monocotyledones ; from /xovo;, unicus, one, and cotyledon.

Moncecia ; from povoj, unicus, one, and oikoc, domus, a house

Monogamia; from fj,'jvo$, unicus, and yauo$, nuplice, nuptials.

MoNOGYNlAj from povog, micus, and yyvij, mulier, a woman.

Monopetala Corolla ; from p-ovsc, and itsra'Aoy, petalum.
MoNOPHYLLUM Ir.volucrum ; from ixovoc, unicus, one, and <£iAao;,
folium, a leaf.
.Monospermy ; from /xovor, and sperma, seed.
Mimaris Scabrities ; from milium, a small grain called t&iZ2e&

Mucronatum Folium; from aaxpo;, longus, long.

Mvltifidum Folium; from mdtus, many, nndjWo, to cleave, or
divide.
 TABLE VIII; 557

Mlltiflorus Pedunculus ; from ?nultus, many, and jios, a flower.

Multipabtitum Folium ; from multus, many, and partiius, di-

vided.

Multiplex Corolla ; from multus, many, and plicare, to fold.

Multiloculauis Drupa ; from jnultus, and loculus, a little cell,

Multisiliquje ; from multus, many, and siliqua, a pod.

Muricatus Caulis ; from murex, a fish, whose shell is covered
with sharp points, or prickles.
Muscarious ; from muscn, a fly.

Mi sci ; from aocr/or, vitulus ; properly any thing young, new,

or fresh.

Mutica Gluma; from mutilus, broken off.

N
Natans Folium ; from nato, to swim.
Naviculars Vulvula ; dim. from navis, a ship.
Nectarium ; from nectar, honey.
Nervosum Folium ; from nenus, a nerve, ox string.
Nidulan*tia semina, Bacca ; from nidus, a nest.

Nucamentace.e ; from nucamentum, a cat's tail, or long excres-

cence hanging down from the pine, fir, &c.

o
Oeconiclm Nectarium ; from ob, and tonus, a cone, a geometrical
figure, like a sugar-loaf.

Obcordatum Pet alum ; from ob, and cordatum, heart-shaped.

Obliquum Folium ; from ob liquus, transverse.
Obovatum Folium ; from ob, and oiurn, an egg.
Obtusum Folium; from obtundor, to be blunted at the point.
Obvolutum Folium; from ob, and volvo, to roll.
Octandria from oxfta, octo, eight, and uvr^ maritus, a husband.
;

Officinalis; from officina, a shop.

Oliganther.e j from oAty&f, exiguus, small, few, ami anthera.

Operculata Anthera; from operculum, a cover.
553 TABLE VIII.

Oppositifolius Pedunculus; from op-podium, opposite, zxvS folium,

a leaf.

Orbiculatum Folium; from orbis, an orb, or circle.

Orchide;e; from orchis, the first genvs in the class Gynandria.

Orgya ; from opyvttx,, orgyia, six foot.'

Orgyialir Caulis ; from o^yvix, idem.

Ovarium ; from ovum.
Ovatum Folium ; from ovum, an egg.
i

P
Pagina Folii; from pagina, the page of a book.
Paleaceus Pappus; from palea, short straw, or chaff.

PalMjE ; from itctKoL^, the palm of the hand.

Palmaris Caulis; from palmus.
Palmata Radix ; from palma, a hand.
Palmus from palma, the palm of the hand.
;

Palustris ; from palus, a fen or marsh.

Panduriforme Folium; from pandura, a musical instrument.
Panicula ; from panus, a woof about the quill in the shuttle.
Papilionaceus ; from papilio, a butterfly.
Papillosum Folium ; from papilla, the nipple.
Papulosum Folium; from papula, a pimple.
Parasiticus Caulis; from parasitus, a parasite.
Paucifloris; from pauci, few, and flos, a flower.
Pedatum Folium ; from pes, a foot.

Pedicellus ; from pedici/lus, a little foot.

Pediculusj dim. from pes, a foot.

Peduncularis Cirrus; from pedunculus.

Pedunculati Flores; from pedunadus.

Pedunculus ; from pedo, one who is splay-footed.

Peltatum Folium ; from pelta> a target.

Pennatifolije ; from penna, a large feather, and folium, a leaf.

Pendula Radix ; from pcndeo, to hang.

Penicillatum Stigma ; from penicillus, a pencil.

Pentagynia ; from irevls, quinquc, live, and yvvv}, mtdier, a wo

man.
 TABLE VIII. 559

Pentandiua; from tfevls, quinque, five, and av^§, maritus, a hus-

band.
Pentangije ; from nzvle, five, and txyfog, vas, a vessel, or locula-
mentum.
Pentapetala Corolla ; from irsvls, quinque, and tarccXov, petalum.

Pentaphyllus Calyx; from irsvrs, quiiique, and fvKKw, folium, a I

a leaf.

Perennis Radix, folium ; from per, by, and annus, a year.

Perfouatum Folium; from _per and folium.
Prrforatje Coti/ledones ; from perforor, to be pierced through.
Peuianthium ; from 7?£&i, circum, about, and av'Jo;,Jlos, a flower.
Pericarpium j from tfsgi, circum, and y.OLpitog, semen, seed.

PerichjEtium ; from nest, and yjxiTrj,jubd.

Persistens Folium ; from persisto, to abide.

Personatje ; i. e. personam gerens, masked.

Petaliformia Stigmata ; from petalum.
Petalodes Flos; fvom petalujn.
Petalum; from iterauj,pando, to expand.
Petiolaris Cirrus ; from petiolus.

Petiolatum Folium; from petiolus, a foot-stalk.

Petiolus ; dim. iroxa pede, quasi pediolus, a little foot, or from/??*

tilus, slender.

Pileus Fungi; from tuXos, lana coacta.

Pii.osum, Folium; from nuXos, pilus, a hair.
Pinnatifidum Folium ; from itivva., a wing. •

Pinnatum Folium; from pinna, the large feathers of a wing.

Piperatus; from piper, pepper.

Piperita; from piper, pepper.

Pixidatum Folium; from pixis, a box.

Placentatio ; from placenta.

Planipetalus Flos ; from planus, plane, flat, and petalum, a petal.
Planum Folium; from a.7r/.<x.vs$, planus.

Plicatum Folium ; from plico, to fold.

Plumata Seta ; from pluma, a soft feather:

Plumosus Pappus ; from plu?na, a small soft feather.

Pollen; from tfaAij, fine meal, or flour.

560 TABLE VIII.

Pollicaris Caulis ; horn poller, a thumb.

Polyadelpuia ; from iroXv;, multus, many, and a,$sXp<j$,frater, a

brother.

Polyandria ; from tfQ\vf, multus, many, and avrjp, maritus, a

husband.
Polyanci/e; from itoXyg many, and ccyfo$, vas, a vessel, or locu-
lamentum.
Polycoty led ones ; from moXvg, and cotyledon.

Polygamia; from TtoXv$, multus, many, and yx^iog, nupti<zy nup-

tials.

Polygynia ; from itoXvs, multus, many, and yjvy, mulier, a wo-

man.
Polymorpha; from itbXv;, multus, and popf^, forma, shape.
Polypetala Corolla; from iroXvc, multus, and irsraXov, petalum .

Polyphyllum hrcolucrum ; from voXv;, multus, many, andfvXX^v,

folium, a leaf.
Polystachius Culmus; from ttoXv;, and trrayvc, spica.

Pomacete ; from pomum, an apple, pear, &c.

Pori ; from Ttsiptu, transadigo, to pierce through.

Posticus Angulus ; from post, ut amicus ab ante.

Pratensis ; from pratum, a meadow.
Precox ; from pra et coquo, to cook.
Prjemorsa Radix ; from pravnordeo, to bite.

Precise, from precius, early.

Prismaticus Calyx ; from prisma, a prism.
Prolifer. Flos; from proles, offspring.
Prominulum Dissepimentum ; from promineo, to jet or stand oat.
Pronum discum folii ; from Koovo;, antiq. having the face down-
wards.
Pseudo ; from ipevSui, folio, to deceive.
Pulposum Folium, from pulpa, the pulp, or fleshy part of meat.
Pulveratum, or pulverulentum, folium ; from pulvis, powder, dust.
Pijlvinatus Pileus; irompuhinar, a pillow or cushion.
Pumila ; ffom pumilus, or rather pumilio, a dwarf.
Punctatum Folium; from puncturrC, a point.
Putaminea ; from putamen, a shell.
 TABLE VIII. 56\

Q
Quadridentatus Pappus ; from qualuor, four, and dens, a tooth.

Ql'adrifidum Folium; in quutuor partes jissus, four-cleft.

Q.UADRUUGUM Folium; from quutuor, and jugo, to yoke.

Quadrilobum Folium ; from quutuor, and Aofo;, the tip of the

ear.

Quadrilocularis Bucca ; from quatuor, and loculus, a little

place.
Quadripartitum Folium ; from quutuor, and purtitus, divided.

Quinatum Folium; from quinus, five.

Quinquecoccus fructus ; from quinque, and kokko;, granum, a

grain.

Quinquejugum Foliwn ; from quinque, and jugo, to yoke.

Quinquelobum Folium ; from quinque, five, and \o%o$, the tip of
the ear.
Quinquepartitum Foliu?u ; from quinque, and purtitus, divided.
Quinquefidum Folium ; in quiyique purtcs fissum, five-cleft.

R
Racemus ; from rumus, or from rudendo.
Rachis; from pa%ij, dorsum, the back; or rather, spina doiu.

the back-bone.

Radiatus F/os ; from radius.

Radicalia Foliu ; from radix, a root
Radicans Caulis; from radicor, to take root.

Radicatum Folium; from rad«\r.

Radicula ; dim. from rarf/x.

Ramea Fo/ia ; from rumus, a branch.

Ramosissimus Cuulis; from ra?nus, a branch.
Ramosus Caulis; from ramus, a branch.

Ramus ; from opcc^vog, a small branch.

Reclinatum Folium ; from reclino, to bend.

Recurvatum Folium Petiolus ; from recurvo, to bend back.

Reflexus Ramus ; from reflecto, to bend back.

2 O
562 TABLE VIII.

Remotus Verticillus ; from removeo, to remove.

Reniforme Folium j from ren, a kidney.

Repandum Folium ; from re, and pando, to bend.

Repens Radix ; from ;-ej5o, to creep.

Reptans Flagellum; from repto, to creep.

Resupinatum Folium; from resupino, to turn upwards.

Reticulata Petala ; from rete, a net.

Retro Ftexus Ramus; from reiro, backward, and^exus, bent.

Retrofractus Peduncidus; from ?-<tfro, backwards, and frangor,
to be broken.
Retcsum Folium; from retundor, to be blunted.
Revolutum Folium ; from revolvo, to roll back.

Rhodes ; from rhceas, the red poppy.

Rhombeum Folium; from rhombus, a geometrical figure of four
equal sides, but not right-angled.
Rhomboideum Folium; from rhomboides, a geometrical figure

whse sides and angles are unequal.

Kin gens ; from 'Piv, nasus, a nose.
Rosaceus f/os; from rosa, a rose.

Rostratus fructus ; from rostrum, the beak of a bird.

RoTACEiE ; from rota, a wheel.

Rotatus Limbus Corolla; from rota, a wheel.

Ruderatis, loc is understood ; from rudus, rubbish.
Rugosum Folium ; from ruga, a wrinkle.

Runcinatum Folium; from runcina, a large saw.

Sagittatum Folium; from sagitta, an arrow.

Sanguineaj from sanguis, blood.

Sarmentaces ; from sarmentum, a twig or spray of a vine.

Sarmentosus Caidis ; from sarmentum, the twig of a vine.
Scabrid.*: ; from scaber, rough, rugged.
Scabrities; from scaber, rough.
Scapus ; from o-Kyirlw, innitor, to lean upon.
Scarrosum Folium ; from scarreo, to be rough.
 TABLE VIII. 563

Scitamina; from situs, fair, beautiful, or from sc it amentum, meat

of a pleasant taste.

Scorpioides Flos; from scorjrio, a scorpion.

Scutellum ; from scutum, a target.
Scyphjfek; from vmv<po$, scypkus, a cup, and/era, to bear.
Secretoria Scabrities ; from secerno, to separate.

Secunda Spica ; from sequendo, to follow.

Securiform is Pubescentia ; from securis, an axe or hatchet.

Segregata Polygamia ; segrego, to separate.

Seminale Folium; from semen, seed.

Sempekvirens Folium ; from semper, and virens, green.

Sena Folia ; from sex, six.

Senticosje ; from sent is, a brier or bramble.

Sepiarije; from sepes, a hedge.
Septenis foliolis, from septem, seven.

Septicus ; from vyptw putrefacio, to rot.

Septum ; from sepio, to enclose.

Sericeum Folium; from sericum, silk.

Serpyllifoli a ; from serpyllum, thyme, and folium.

Serratum Folium : from serra, a saw.

Sessile Folium; from sedeo, to sit.

Setje ; from yjti-tr^juba, a horse's mane.

Setaceum Folium ; from seta, a bristle.
Sexfidum Nectarium; from sex, six, and fissum, cloven.

Silicula ; dim. from siliqua, a pod.

Siliculosa ; from silicula, a little pod.

Siliquosa; from siliqua, a pod.

Sinuatum Folium; from sinus, a hollow.

Solitarius Pedunculus ; from solus, alone.

Solutje Stipules ; from solvor, to be loosed.

Spadiceus; from spadix.
Spatha ; from cttaros, corium, skin.

SpathacEjE ; from spatha, a sheath, in the language of botany.

Spatulatum Folium-, from spathula, an instrument used to spread

salve.

Spica ; from <rra,%vs, Molice <nt9.y})c, an ear of corn.

2 02
 TABLE VIII.

Spicilla ; dim. from spica.

Spicula Graminibus ; dim. from spica.
Spinescens Peiiolus, Stipulu ; from spina, a thorn.

Spinosus Caulis Folium ; from spina, a thorn.

Spirales Cotj/ledunes ; from spira, a circle, the coil of a cable, kc.

Spithameus Caulis ; from spithama, a span.

Squamosa Radix ; from squama, a scale.
Squarrosum Folium; from Kr^apoc, scarra, or from squarra, scurf.

Stamin/Eus Flos; from stamen.

StatuminaTjE ; from stotumcn, a prop, a support.
Stellata Folia ; from stella, a star.

Stigma ; from a-rt^w, signum quod inuritur, a brand.

Stimuli : from <myy,o$, stimulus, per sync. sti?nulus.

Stipatus, or stipitaius, Pappus; from stipes.

Stipes ; from orfwiros, a stump.

Stipula ; from stipa, tow.

Stipularis Gemma ; from stipula.

Stipulatio ; from stipula.

Stipulatus Caulis ; from stipida.

Stoloniferus Truncus Caulis : from stolo, a shoot, or scion.

Striatus Caulis, Culmus, Folia ; from stria, a slight groove.
Strict us Caulis, Culmus, Folia; from stringo, to tie fast.

Strice j from sirigo, pro stringo, to grasp, to tighten.

Strigosum Folium ; from strigando, standing still, quippe bosprce
made.
Stylus ; from <rruXo;, columna, a pillar.

Subacaulis; from sub and acaulis.

Subalaria Folia; from sub, under, and ala, a wing.

Suberosus Caulis folia; from sub, and erodor, to be eaten into.

Subexcedens Calyx ; from sub, and excedo, to surpass.

Submersum Folium ; from submergo, to sink under water.

Subramosus Caulis; from sufr, and ramus, a branch.
Subreniformum Folium ; from, sub, pro /ere, and re«, a kidney.
Subrotundum Folium ; from s«Z>, near to, and rotundum, round.
Subulatum Folium ; from subula, an awl.
Succulents; from succus, juice.
Suffrutex ; from wbf and/rzrte*, a shrub.
 TABLE VIII. 565

Suffruticosus Caidis ; from sub, and /rater, a shrub.

Sulcatus Cuulis, Ciilmus, Folia; from sulcus, a furrow.
SuPEKFrciEs Folii ; from super, i. e. supra, and fades, a face.
Supf.kus Flos ; from super, above.
Supra-axillaris Pedunculus from supra, above, and axilla, the

arm-pit.
Suphafoliaceus Pedunculus ; from supra, above, and folium, a
leaf.

Sylvestris ; from si/lva, a wood or forest.

Syngenesia; from guy, cum, or simul, together, and yevstnc,
generatio.

T
Tergeminum Folium compositum; from ter, thrice, and ge?ninus,

double.
Ternatum Folium ; from ternus, three.

Tessellatum Folium ; from tessella, the square pieces of wood or

stone used in making checkered work.

Tetradyn amia ; from recrtrafs^, quatuor, and §vvau,i$, potentia,

power.
Tetragynia ; from rea<rx§e$, quatuor, and yvvr),mulier,a woman.
Tetrandria; from rsa-o-agsg, quatuor, four, and avr^, maritus,a
husband.
Tetrangije ; from rs<r<ra^s, four, and uyyo$, vas, a vessel, or

locul amentum.

Tetrapetala Corolla; from rsa-ffocpsg, quatuor, and tferaXov,

petal urn.

Tetraphyllus Calyx ; from Te<r<ra£s$, and q>v\Xov, folium, a

leaf.

Tetrasferma Planta ; from Te<r<roi.p£;, and spcrma, seed.

Thalamus from Sakapos, a bed, a chamber.
;

Tomentosus Caulis Folia ; from tomentum, short wool, shorn off.

Tomentum ; from ropiov, frustum, a fragment, seu quod sectione

est ablatum.

Torosum Pericarpium ; from torus, protuberance or swelling, as

of the veins.
 TABLE VIII.

Torta Corolla ; from torqueo, to writhe, torture.

Tort us
i Arista ; from torqueo, to writhe, or twist.

Torulosa Siliqua ; from torulus, dim. from torus.

Trape/.iformium Folium; from trapezium, a geometrical quad-
rangle, whose sides are neither equal nor opposite.

Tuiandria ; from f$ei$, tres, three, and avijj, maritus, a husband.

Triangle; from r^sic, three, and ccyyo;,vas, a vessel.

Tiucocca Capsula ; from xokxgVj granum, grain.

Tkifidum Folium; in tres partes fissum.

Triflorus Pedunculus ; from tres, and Jios, a flower.

Triglochidfs Hami ; from tres, and y\wyj$, cuspis, a point.

Trigonus Caul is ; from rgsi$, ter, and ycovja, angulus, an angle.

Trigynia; from rp<;, /res, three, and yvvy, tnulicr, a woman.
Trihilate; from hihim, the black of a bean.
Trijugum Folium; from tres, a.n&jugo, to yoke.
Trilobum Folium ; from tres, three, and \oj3o;, the tip of the ear.

Trinervium Folium ; from tres, three, and nercws, a nerve or

string.

Tricecia; fromrfei;, tres, three, and oocof, domus, a house.

Tripartitum Folium; from /res, and partitas, divided.
Tripetala Corolla; from t^sjj, /res, and irsfaXov, petalum.

Tripetaloide.*e ; from tres, and petalum.

Triphyllus Calyx ; from r^eif, and QuXXov, a leaf.

Tripinnatum Folium compositum ; from /res, three, and pinnatus,

winged.
Triplinervium Folium ; from triplex, triple, and nervus, a nerve
or string.

Triquetrum Folium Caulis ; quasi triquadrus, i. e. quadratus in

tres angulos.

Trisperma ; from tres and sperma, seed.

Triternatum Folium compositum ; from tres, three, and tenuis,

threefold.

Trivalve Pericarpium ; from tres, and valva, doors or valves.

Truncatum Folium ; from truncus, a stump.
Tuuerculatus ; from tuberculum, a little pimple or tubercle.
Tuberosa Radix ; from tuber, a knob.
 TABLE VIII. 567

Tubulosi Flotculi ; from tuba, a tube.

Tc nicatus Caulis, Radix; from tunica, a coat.
Turbtnatum Pericarpium ; from turbo, a top.

Turio from tyro, a novice.

;

V
Vag^ ; from vagor, to wander.
Vaginales ; from vagina, a sheath.
Vaginans Folium j from vagina, a sheath.
Vaginatus Caulis Culmiis ; from vagina, a sheath.
Vasa ; from vescendo, to be eaten, quod in ea vesca? ponantur.

Vegetabilia ; from vegeto, to quicken.

Venosum Folium ; from vena, a vein.

Ventricosa Spica ; from venter, the belly.

Ventriculosus Calyx ; dim. from venter, the belly.

Veprecuue; dim. from vepre.s, a brier or bramble.
Vernatio; from ver, the spring.

Verrucosa Capsula; from verruca, a wart.

Versatius Anthera j from verto, to turn.

Verticalia Folia ; from vertex, the top of any thing.

Verticillati Rami, Flores, Folia ; from verticillum, an axis or
spindle.

Verticillus; from vertex, a whirlpool.

Vesicularis Scabrities ; from vesica, a bladder.

Villosus Caulis, Folium; from villus, wool.
Virgatus Caulis ; from vvrga, a rod.

Viscidum Folium; from viscus, glue.

Viscositas ; from viscus, glue.

Uliginosa Loca ; from uligo, the natural moisture of the earth,

Umbella dim. from umbra, a shadow.
;

Umbellula dim. from umbella.

;

Umbilicatum Folium ; from umbilicus.

Unangulatus Caulis ; from unus, and angulus.

Uncinatum Stigma ; from uncipus, an instrument hooked at the

end.

Undatum Folium ; from wnrfa, a wave.

 \

568 TABLE VIII.

Undulata Corolla ; from undula, dim. from unda, & wave.

Unguicularis Caulis ; from unguis, a nail of the hand, Sec.

Unguis; from ovv%, idem.

Uniflouus Pddunculus ; from unus, one, and Jlos, a flower.

Unifolium ; from unus, one, and folium, a leaf.

Unilateralis Racemus ; from unus, one, and latus, a side:

Uniloculars, Capsula ; from unus, one, and loculus, a little

cell.

Unisperma Bacca; from unus, and sperma, seed.

Volubilis Caulis ; from volvo, to roll.

Urceolata Corolla ; from urceolus, from urcens, a pitcher.

Urens Caulis; from uro, to burn.

Utricult; from wfer, a bag, or bottle.
Vulgaris; from tulgus, the common people.
 DESCRIPTION OF THE PLATES. 569

PLATE I.

PARTS OF THE FLOWER.

Vide Part I. Chap. I. p. 1.

Fig.
1. A Flower, with its Corolla, Pistillum, and Stamina: A,
the Petals of the Corolla; b, the Germen; c, the
Style ; d, the Stigma ; e, the Filaments ; i, the An-
therce.

2. The Pistillum and Stajnina, separate from the CoroVa : b, the

Germen ; c, the Stifle ; d, the Stigma ; c, c, the Fila-
ments, with the Anthercz bursting and discharging the
Pollen.

3. A Rower, whose Corolla is Monopetalous : A, the Corolla; B,

the Pcrianthium.

4. A Polypetulow Corolla : A, the Unguis; B, the Lamina:.

5. A Narcissus, issuing from its Spatha: A, the Flower; B, the

Sputha.

6. An Amentum.
7. The Fructification of a Moss : A, the Calyptra.

8. A Fungus : A, the Voha.

9. A Grass: A, the Gluma; B, the Arista.

10. A Compound Umbel: A, the Universal Umbel; B, the UmbtU

lulce, or Partial Umbels ; C, the Universal Involucrum
A, the Partial Involucra.

1 1. A Bractea, accompanying the flowers of the Xi&'a: A, the

12. A, the Pollen, seen with a microscope j B, an elastic vapour

discharged from it. .
570 DESCRIPTION OF THE PLATE*.

PLATE II.

PARTS OF THE FRUIT.

Vide Part I. Chap. XV. p. 29.

Fig.

1. A Capsule: A, the Valvules.

2. A, A, a Receptacle of the seeds.

3. A Strobilus.

4. A Winged Seed: A, the Seed; b, the Wing.

5. A Legumcn : A, the Under Sutures, along which are af-

fixed the seeds.

6. A Siliqua : A, B, the two sutures, to which the seeds are

fastened alternately.

7. A Seed, crowned with a Pappus: A, the Seed; B, the Stipes

of the Pappus ; c, d, a Feathery Pappus.

8. The Seed of a Bean, split in two: A, A, the Cotyledons ; b,

the Corculum; c, the Rostellum ; d, the Plumula.

9. A Drupa : A, the Nucleus, or Stone ; B, the Pulp.

10. APomum: A, the Capsule ; B, the Pulp.

1 1 . A Berry : A, the Seeds; B, B, the Pulp.

12. A Seed, crowned with a Caly cuius : A, the Seed ; B, the

Calycuius.
 DESCRIPTION OF THE PLATES.

PLATE III.

CLASSES.

Vide Part II. Chap. I. p. 48.

Class.

1. Monandria.
2. Diandria.
3. Triandria.

4. Tetrandria.

5. Pentandria.
6. Hexandria.
7. Heptandria.

8. Octandria.
9. Enneandria.
10. Decandria.

1 1 . Dodecaudria.
12. Icosandria.

13. Polj/andria.

14. Didynamia.

15. Tetr adynamia.

16. Mohadelphia.
17. Diadelphia.

18. Polyuklphia.
19. Syngenesia.

20. Gynandria.
21. JSloncccia.

22. Dicecia.
23. Polygamia.

24. Cryptogamia.
 DESCRIPTION OF THE PLATES.

PLATE IV.

ROOTS.

Vide Part III. Chap. II. p.

Fig.

1. A Scaly Bulb, as in the White Lily.

2. A Solid Bulb, as in the Crocus.

3. Transverse section of a Coated Bulb.

4. A Tuberous and Pendulous Root, as in Piony.

f . A Branched Root.
6. A Simple tapering Root, as in the Carrot.

7. A Creeping Root.
FLIT'.
 DESCRIPTION OF THE PLATES.

PLATE V.

TRUNK.

Vide Part II. Chap. IV. p. 4J.

Fig.

1. A Squamose Stem.

2. A Voluble Stem, vide also Fig. 4«*

3. A Frons.

4. A Scopus.

5. An Articulate Stem,

7. A Dichotomous Stem.

». A Brachiate Stem.
57 + DESCRIPTION OF THE PLATES

PLATE VI.

SIMPLE LEAVES.
Vide Part III. Chap. V. p. 423.
Fig.

1. Orbiculate.

2. Subrotimd.

3. Ovate.
4. Oval.

5. Oblong.

6. Lanceolate.

7. Linear.

8. Subulate.

9. Reniform:
10. Cordate.
1 1 . Lunulate.
1 2. Triangular.
13. Sagittate.

1 4. Corduto-sagittate.

15. Hastate.
16. Cloven.

17. Fri/ofte.

18. Pramorse.

19. Lobate.

20. Quinquangular
2 1 . Erose.

22. Palmate.
23. Pinnatifid.
24. Laciniate.

25. Sinuate.

26. DentatO'Sinuate.

27 Retrorsum-sinuate.
28. Partite.

29. Repmd.
30. Dentate.
P:ihlithed-J)*c. to-iioo.iif Jhmr^pd Wrelu, i&Jenae,
 DESCRIPTION OF THE PLATES.

PLATE VII.

SIMPLE LEAVES CONTINUED.

Vide Part III. Chap. V. p. 427.

Fig.

1. Serrate.

2. Duplicato-serrate.

3. Duplicato-crenate.

4. Cartilagineous.

5. Acutely crenate.

6. Obtusely crenate-

7. Plicate.

8. Crenate.

9. Crisp.

10. Obtuse.

1 1 . Acute.
12. Acuminate.

13. Obtuse, with an Acumen.

14. Acutely-emarginate.

15. Cuneiform-emarginate.
16. Refuse.

17. Pilose.

18. Tomentose.

19. Hispid.
20. Ciliate.
21. Rugose.
22. Pewose.
23. Nervose.
24. Pappillose.
25. Linguiform.
26. Acinaciform.

27. Dolabriform.

28. Deltoid.

29. Triquetrous.

30. Canaliculate.
 DESCRIPTION OF THE PLATES.

PLATE VIII.

SIMPLE LEAVES CONTINUED,

Fig.
1. Sulfate.

2. Teretes.

COMPOUND LEAVES.
Vide Part III. Chap. VL p. 432.

3. Binate.

4. Ternate, with the folioles sessile.

5. Ternate, with the folioles petiolate.

6. Digitate.

7. Pedate.

8. Pinnate, with an odd one.

9. abrupt.

10. alternately.

11. interruptedly.

12. cirrhose.

13. conjugate.

14. decursively.

15. articulately.

16. Lyraie.

17. Biternatc.

18. Bi pinnate.
19. Triternatc.
 DESCRIPTION OF THE PLATES. 577

PLATE IX.

COMPOUND LEAVES CONTINUED.

Fig.

1. Tripinnate abrupt.

2. with an odd one.

DETERMINATE LEAVES.
3. A, inflex; B, erect; C, patent ; D, horizontal; E, reclined;
F, revolute.

4. A, seminal ; B, cauline ; C, rameous ; D, floral.

5. A, peltate; B, petiolate ; C, sessile; D, decurrent; E, amplex-

icaul ; F, perfoliate; G, connate; H, vagimint.
6. A, articulate; B, stellate; C, quatern ; D, opposite; E,
F, ai-erose ; G, imbricate ; II, fasciculate.

7. Parabolic.

8. Spatulate.

2 P
378 DESCRIPTION OF THE PLATES.

PLATE X.

FULCRA.

Vide Part III. Chap. III. p. 438,

Fig.

1. A, nCirrhus; C, Stipida, with Concave Glandules on the leaf.

2. Pedicellate Glandules.

3. A, a Bractea, differing from the Leaves; 13, the Leaves.

A. A, Simple Spines ; B, a Triple Spine.

5. A, Simple Aculei; B, Triple Acuki.

f). A, A, Opposite Leaves; B, the Axilla.

v
 PI.Z

Published Dre-ip-ifiep by Sherwood Ne-elii &r Joiics ,

i
 DESCRIPTION OF THE PLATES.
*

PLATE XL

FOLIATION.

VjdePaut UL Chap. XVI. p. 143.

Fig.

1. Convolute.

2. Involute.

3. Revohtte.

4-. Conduplicate.

5. Erjuitant.

6. Imbricate.

7. Obvolute.

8. Plicate.

9. Convolute.

10. Involute opposite.

1 I . alternate.

12. Revolute opposite.

13. Ecjiiitunt ancipi'al.

1 \. triquetrous.
 580 DESCRIPTION OF THE PLATES.

PLATE XII.

MISCELLANEOUS.
Fig.

1. A Corymbus.
2. Fruit of the Lily : A, the Valvules of the Capsule ; B, a Seed;
C, the Arillus opened to discover the Seed.

3. A VerLicillus.

4. A, A, the Horned Nectaria in the Aconitum ; B, B, two Pe-

duncles that support them.

5. A Paleaceous Receptacle of a Compound Flower, shown in Rud-

beckia: A, A, the Palea that parts the Florets of the
Disk; B, the Tubulose Florets of the Disk ; C, the Li-
gulate Corollulw of the Radius ; D, a Ligulate Corollula
fallen off.

6. A, A, a Spatha ; B, a Spadix.
7. A Racennis.
8. A Tubidose Floret of a Compound Flower.
9. A Monopetalous Hypocrateriform Corolla.
1 0. A Nectarium that crowns the Corolla, shown in the cwp of a
Narcissus.

11. A
12. A Calycine Nectarium, shown in the flower of a Tropceolum
A, the Nectarium.
13. A Nectarium of singular construction, shown in a flower of
the Parnassia : A, five heart-shaped Nectaria, termi-
nated by threads, each of which is crowned with a
little ball.

14. A Cyma of the Laurustinus.

15. A Panicle.

THE END.

Print e<J by S. Hamilton, Weybridge.

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