Sure, I'll provide you with more challenging versions of the questions:

Control Structures:

1. Write a Java program to find the sum of all prime numbers from 1 to n using a for loop.

2. Create a while loop that prints the first 10 prime numbers in reverse order.

3. Using a switch statement, implement a scientific calculator that supports basic operations, square
root, and exponentiation.

4. Write a program to find the factorial of a given number using a do-while loop, but this time,
without using the multiplication operator.

5. Create a for loop to print the Lucas sequence up to the nth term.

6. Implement a program to check if a number is a Carmichael number or not.

7. Write a Java program that prints all the twin prime numbers within a specified range.

8. Create a program that calculates the sum of all prime numbers from 1 to 100 using a for loop.

9. Use a nested for loop to print a pattern of prime numbers in the shape of an inverted right-angled
triangle.

10. Write a Java program that calculates the average of a list of numbers using a while loop, but this
time, with dynamic input until the user enters a sentinel value.

11. Implement a program to find the second-largest element in an array using a for loop.

12. Create a program to reverse a given number using a while loop, but without converting it to a
string.
13. Write a Java program that prints the numbers from 1 to 100, but for multiples of 3, print "Fizz,"
for multiples of 5, print "Buzz," and for multiples of both 3 and 5, print "FizzBuzz."

14. Use a do-while loop to count the number of prime digits in a given integer.

15. Implement a program to check if a year is a leap year or not using a switch statement.

16. Write a program to find the least common multiple (LCM) of two numbers using a while loop.

17. Create a Java program that prints the first 20 terms of the Pell sequence using a for loop.

18. Implement a program that calculates the sum of all prime numbers from 1 to n using a do-while
loop.

19. Write a program that checks if a given number is a palindrome without converting it to a string.

20. Use a for loop to print the following pattern:

```

22

333

4444

55555

```

Functions (User-Defined Functions):

1. Create a recursive function to calculate the area of a rectangle and call it with different sets of
parameters.

2. Write a recursive function that checks if a given number is a palindrome.

4. Create a recursive function to find the maximum of three numbers and return the result.

5. Write a Java function to calculate the sum of elements in an array using recursion.

6. Implement a recursive function that converts a temperature from Celsius to Fahrenheit.

7. Create a recursive function that checks if a string is a palindrome.

8. Write a recursive function that calculates the power of a number.

9. Implement a recursive function to check if a string contains only digits.

10. Create a recursive function that calculates the area of a triangle given its base and height.

11. Write a recursive function to compute the square root of a number without using the Math.sqrt()
method.

12. Implement a recursive function that finds and returns the smallest element in an array.

13. Create a recursive function to check if a number is prime and return a boolean result.

14. Write a recursive function that counts the number of vowels in a given string.

15. Implement a recursive function to reverse a given string.

16. Create a recursive function to calculate the sum of the first n natural numbers.

17. Write a recursive Java function to find the LCM (Least Common Multiple) of two numbers.
18. Implement a recursive function to calculate the area of a circle.

19. Create a recursive function to print the Fibonacci sequence up to the nth term.

20. Write a recursive function to find and return the average of an array of numbers.

Strings:

1. Write a program to concatenate two strings in Java without using the `+` operator.

2. Implement a program to find the length of a string without using the length() method and without
iterating through the characters.

3. Create a program to count the number of words in a sentence, considering different types of
spaces and punctuation.

4. Write a program that checks if a string is a palindrome without using additional data structures.

5. Implement a program to reverse a string without using a temporary buffer.

6. Create a program that converts a string to lowercase and uppercase without using the
toLowerCase() and toUpperCase() methods.

7. Write a program to remove all spaces from a string without using the replace() method.

8. Implement a program to check if a string contains a specific substring without using the indexOf()
method.

9. Create a program that counts the number of vowels and consonants in a string using regular
expressions.
10. Write a program to replace all occurrences of a character in a string with another character
without using the replace() method.

11. Implement a program to split a sentence into words using a custom word-splitting logic.

12. Create a program to find the index of the first occurrence of a character in a string without using
indexOf().

13. Write a program to check if a string is a valid palindrome, ignoring spaces, punctuation, and
considering alphanumeric characters only.

14. Implement a program to remove duplicate characters from a string without using additional data
structures.

15. Create a program to extract the domain name from a URL using regular expressions.

16. Write a program to reverse the order of words in a sentence without using additional data
structures.

17. Implement a program to capitalize the first letter of each word in a sentence without using the
toUpperCase() method.

18. Create a program to check if two strings are anagrams of each other without using additional
data structures.

19. Write a program to find and print all the substrings of a given string without using nested loops.

20. Implement a program to check if a string is a valid email address using regular expressions.

Arrays:

1. Write a Java program to find the sum of all prime numbers in an integer array.
2. Implement a program to find the kth smallest and kth largest elements in an array without sorting
the array.

3. Create a program to check if an element exists in an array using a binary search algorithm.

4. Write a program to calculate the median of elements in an array without sorting the array.

5. Implement a program to reverse the elements of an array without using additional arrays or
collections.

6. Create a program that counts the number of prime elements and perfect square elements in an
array.

7. Write a program to copy the elements of one array into another without using any library
functions.

8. Implement a program to find and print the common elements in two arrays without using nested
loops.

9. Create a program to sort an array in ascending order using the Merge Sort algorithm.

10. Write a program to find the second largest element in an array without iterating through the
array more than once.

11. Implement a program to remove duplicate elements from an array without using additional data
structures.

12. Create a program to search for an element in an array using a recursive binary search algorithm.

13.

Write a program to find the frequency of each element in an array without using nested loops.
14. Implement a program to calculate the product of all prime numbers in an array.

15. Create a program to merge two sorted arrays into a single sorted array without using additional
space.

16. Write a program to rotate the elements of an array to the right by a specified number of positions
without using additional arrays.

17. Implement a program to find the missing number in an array of consecutive integers without
using extra space.

18. Create a program to check if an array is a palindrome without using additional arrays.

19. Write a program to find the intersection of two arrays without using any library functions.

20. Implement a program to find the kth largest element in an array using the QuickSelect algorithm.