KEMBAR78
Multimedia | PDF | Pixel | Bit
Scribd
Upload
13 views2 pages

Multimedia

Bitmap images represent each pixel as a bit pattern of color codes. The bit patterns are mapped onto memory. Bitmap files contain metadata like image size and number of colors. Image resolution is measured by pixel density, and screen resolution is the number of pixels visible on a screen. Color depth determines the number of colors per pixel and affects file size. Vector graphics use mathematical formulas to define drawing objects like shapes, so they can scale without quality loss. Sound is analog but is digitized by sampling the amplitude at intervals and encoding the samples as binary numbers. Increasing sampling rate or resolution improves sound quality but increases file size.

Uploaded by

Khushi Palloo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
13 views2 pages

Multimedia

Bitmap images represent each pixel as a bit pattern of color codes. The bit patterns are mapped onto memory. Bitmap files contain metadata like image size and number of colors. Image resolution is measured by pixel density, and screen resolution is the number of pixels visible on a screen. Color depth determines the number of colors per pixel and affects file size. Vector graphics use mathematical formulas to define drawing objects like shapes, so they can scale without quality loss. Sound is analog but is digitized by sampling the amplitude at intervals and encoding the samples as binary numbers. Increasing sampling rate or resolution improves sound quality but increases file size.

Uploaded by

Khushi Palloo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 2

Multimedia - Graphics, Sound

 Bitmap Images

o Data for a bitmapped image is encoded by assigning a solid colour to each pixel, i.e.,
through bit patterns.

o Bit patterns are generated by considering each grid row as a series of binary colour
codes corresponding to each pixel’s colour.

o These bit patterns are ‘mapped’ onto the main memory.

o Pixels: smallest picture element whose colour can be accurately represented by


binary

 Bitmap images also contain the File Header, which has the metadata
contents of the bitmap file, including image size, number of colours, etc.

 Image Resolution

o Pixel density, which is measured by no. of pixels/cm

o If image resolution increases, then the image is sharper/more detailed

 Screen Resolution

o Number of pixels which can be viewed horizontally & vertically on the device’s
screen

o Number of pixels = width × height

o E.g. 1680 × 1080 pixels

 Colour depth: number of bits used to represent the colour of a single pixel

o An image with n bits has 2n colours per pixel

o E.g. 16-colour bitmap has 4 bits per pixel ∵ 24=1624=16

o Colour depth↑: colour quality↑ but file size↑

o File Size = Number of Pixels × colour depth

o Convert bits to bytes by dividing by eight if necessary.

 Applications: scanned images and general computer usage ∵ small file size and can be easily
manipulated.

 Vector Graphics

o Made up of drawing objects

o Drawing objects: a mathematically defined construct (of shapes like rectangle, line,
circle, etc.)

o Drawing list: set of commands defining the vector

o The properties of each object are the basic geometric data which determine the
shape and appearance.
o Data is encoded using mathematical formulas to generate properties in order to
draw lines & curves to create the image

o If object is resized, properties are recalculated.

∴ Scalable without losing quality unlike bitmaps

 Applications: company logos

 Sound

o Analogue data is continuous electrical signals whereas digital data is discrete


electrical signals.

o Sound signals are vibrations through a medium. Hence are analogue in nature as
there can be infinite detail for sound.

o Analogue signals converted (encoded) to digital signals by sampling:

 Sound wave’s amplitude (height) sampled at set time intervals

 These samples (amplitudes) are encoded as a binary number sequence

 This sequence provides a digital representation of the sound wave

 Sampling Rate

o Number of samples taken per unit time

o Increasing the sampling rate increases the accuracy of digitized sound wave
representation but increases the file size.

 Sampling Resolution

o Number of bits used to encode each sample

o Increasing sampling resolution increases accuracy of digitized sound wave but


increases the file size.

 Bit Rate: no. of bits for storing 1 second of sound

Bit Rate=Sampling Rate×Sampling Resolution

File Size=Bit Rate * Length of Sound

You might also like