Validity - soundness and strength

of argument. Is this evidence any

good?
Audience - people who have read
or will read a particular text,
publication, or writer, considered
collectively. For whom did the
author intend to read or view this
source?
Authority - power to inspire belief
or weight of testimony. Does this
person know what he or she is
talking about?
A medical practitioner has more
authority over law practitioners
when talking about health and
wellness.
Evidence- is a single fact or set of
facts.
“The earth revolves around the
sun” is a fact.
Claim- is a statement that can be in
dispute and requires further
evidence.
“Aliens do exist” is a claim that
can’t be verified.
Validity - soundness and strength
of argument. Is this evidence any
good?
Audience - people who have read
or will read a particular text,
publication, or writer, considered
collectively. For whom did the
author intend to read or view this
source?
Authority - power to inspire belief
or weight of testimony. Does this
person know what he or she is
talking about?
A medical practitioner has more
authority over law practitioners
when talking about health and
wellness.
Evidence- is a single fact or set of
facts.
“The earth revolves around the
sun” is a fact.
Claim- is a statement that can be in
dispute and requires further
evidence.
“Aliens do exist” is a claim that
can’t be verified.
Validity - soundness and strength
of argument. Is this evidence any
good?
Audience - people who have read
or will read a particular text,
publication, or writer, considered
collectively. For whom did the
author intend to read or view this
source?
Authority - power to inspire belief
or weight of testimony. Does this
person know what he or she is
talking about?
A medical practitioner has more
authority over law practitioners
when talking about health and
wellness.
Evidence- is a single fact or set of
facts.
“The earth revolves around the
sun” is a fact.
Claim- is a statement that can be in
dispute and requires further
evidence.
“Aliens do exist” is a claim that
can’t be verified.
Validity - soundness and strength
of argument. Is this evidence any
good?
Audience - people who have read
or will read a particular text,
publication, or writer, considered
collectively. For whom did the
author intend to read or view this
source?
Authority - power to inspire belief
or weight of testimony. Does this
person know what he or she is
talking about?
A medical practitioner has more
authority over law practitioners
when talking about health and
wellness.
Evidence- is a single fact or set of
facts.
“The earth revolves around the
sun” is a fact.
Claim- is a statement that can be in
dispute and requires further
evidence.
“Aliens do exist” is a claim that
can’t be verified.
Validity - soundness and strength of argument. Is this evidence any good?

Audience - people who have read or will read a particular text, publication, or writer, considered
collectively. For whom did the author intend to read or view this source?

Authority - power to inspire belief or weight of testimony. Does this person know what he or she is
talking about? A medical practitioner has more authority over law practitioners when talking about
health and wellness.

Evidence- is a single fact or set of facts. “The earth revolves around the sun” is a fact.

Claim- is a statement that can be in dispute and requires further evidence. “Aliens do exist” is a claim
that can’t be verified.

Textual Evidences

Textual evidence deals with facts in writing and the strategies used to figure out whether or not the
information is factual. Textual evidence comes into play when an author presents a position or thesis and
uses evidence to support the claims. That evidence can come in a number of different forms. We’ll
explain textual evidence and the best way to analyze it. So, let’s start here — what is textual evidence?
Textual evidence uses information from an originating source or other texts to support an
argument. Think of textual evidence as the driving force behind debates. Debates take a position and
then use facts as supporting evidence. You can take any debate position you want, but without facts to
back up your argument, you can’t prove your point.

So, what should you look for when evaluating textual evidence?

You want to make sure the information is precise, descriptive, and factual. That’s easy to remember. Here
are some clues to look for when analyzing textual evidence. Look for data that also includes the source
information. Data are the strongest available pieces of evidence because statistics use analysis to reach
strong, accurate conclusions.

Types of textual evidence:

A. Testimonial evidence are statements of truth from a certain person made under oath in a court or
testimonies offered to prove the truth of the matter. Testimonies are statements carrying authority
when people who give testimonies are experts or people with specialized trainings on a certain field
or area.
B. Statistical evidence are the result of researches or surveys that can never be proven because of
probability or likelihood which is from random sampling.
C. Analogical evidence are synonymous to testimonies, however weaker in terms of providing factual
support. In textual evidence, analogies prove useful when there’s little available research on a
specific topic. Cutting-edge topics have little data because researchers are in the beginning stages of
gathering information.

Identify what is being asked in the

following sentence.
1. This is the type of evidence
that
comes in a form of numbers,
percentage or surveyed type of
data.
Answer: Statistical evidence
2. It is another type of evidence
that
is commonly turned to people
trying to prove a point.
Answer: Testimonial evidence
3. it is also underutilized.
Analogies
are mainly useful when dealing
with a topic that is under-
researched.
Answer: analogical evidence
4. It refers to the facts,
documentations, or testimonies
used to strengthen a claim,
support an argument, or reach a
conclusion.
Answer: Evidence
5. It is an evidence that is based
on a
person’s observation of the world.
Answer: Anecdotal Evidence
Identify what is being asked in the following sentence.

1. This is the type of evidence that comes in a form of numbers, percentage or surveyed type of data.
Answer: Statistical evidence

2. It is another type of evidence that is commonly turned to people trying to prove a point. Answer:
Testimonial evidence

3. it is also underutilized. Analogies are mainly useful when dealing with a topic that is under-researched.
Answer: analogical evidence

4. It refers to the facts, documentations, or testimonies used to strengthen a claim, support an

argument, or reach a conclusion. Answer: Evidence

5. It is an evidence that is based on a person’s observation of the world. Answer: Anecdotal Evidence

In your own opinion, why is it important for us to provide evidence/s every time you speak whether it is
in a form of conversation or through writing?

“Can someone who can guess or who have an idea about macro-skills?”

“Ma’am, the 5 macro-skills are listening, writing, reading, speaking and viewing”

“Yes class! that is correct!”

“Our topic for today focuses on our listening ability.”

“Who can give me their ideas about listening ability?

“LISTENING – Effective listening requires the ability to evaluate whether we should believe a point
raise” “It involves assessing the weight of the evidence used to support a statement”
“I will play an audio clip and you will analyze what is being said.”

“So, class, what have you noticed from the audio?”

Active Listening – is when you fully focus and understand the message of what is being said or listened
to. Listening to understand

Passive Listening – is when you hear someone or something without paying full attention. Listening to
hear.

In order to interpret, you must first know what it means and familiarize yourself on how you can do it.
When you interpret, you should be able to explain or convey the message of a certain topic to show that
you understand it. This means that you listen not merely to hear what someone says, but to understand
what s/he is talking about. You can do so if you have enough vocabulary, if you have the memory to
recall your experiences and relate to the idea/concept that you are listening to, and if you concentrate
on the material you are listening to.

ACTIVE LISTENING – is reacting while listening to emphasize understanding. Involves feedback and
questions. Involves non-verbal cues like nodding and making eye contact. Listener concentrates,
understands, responds, and then remembers what was said. Used in counseling or solving disputes.

PASSIVE LISTENING – is listening without responding or reacting. Does not involve feedback and
questions. Listener’s minds may move to other topics. May not involve non-verbal cues. Listening to
music, news, etc. are examples.