Introduction to

Web Development

1 AC2070: Web Design & Programming

Đào Trung Kiên @ MICA Institute & Dept. of Comm. Eng., SEEE, Hanoi Univ. of Science and Technology
 Course Overview

2 AC2070: Web Design & Programming

Đào Trung Kiên @ MICA Institute & Dept. of Comm. Eng., SEEE, Hanoi Univ. of Science and Technology
Introduction
 Web Design and Programming (AC2070)
 Structure:
 Lectures
 Assignments
 Project
 Final exam
 Tools:
 NodeJS
 A good textcode editor:
 VS Code / Sublime Text / Atom / Brackets
 A standard-compliance web browser:
 Chrome / Firefox / Edge

3 AC2070: Web Design & Programming

Đào Trung Kiên @ MICA Institute & Dept. of Comm. Eng., SEEE, Hanoi Univ. of Science and Technology
Course Objectives
 At the end of this class, you will be able to:
 Design and implement webpages using HTML
 Make stylistic decisions with CSS
 Create interactive webpages with JavaScript
 Create dynamic websites with ExpressJS
 Enhance interactive websites with AJAX
 And beyond:
 Understand the client-server programming model and apply
this to your designs
 Speak the web programming lingo
 Have fun with web development, and enjoy creating websites!

4 AC2070: Web Design & Programming

Đào Trung Kiên @ MICA Institute & Dept. of Comm. Eng., SEEE, Hanoi Univ. of Science and Technology
Contents
 HTML language
 Learn to compose web pages to present contents
 CSS (Cascading Style Sheets)
 Learn to polish web pages for better presentation
 Client-side scripting
 Learn to make web pages interactive with client-side JavaScript
 Server-side development
 Learn to program dynamic web sites with server-side
JavaScript

5 AC2070: Web Design & Programming

Đào Trung Kiên @ MICA Institute & Dept. of Comm. Eng., SEEE, Hanoi Univ. of Science and Technology
 WWW (World Wide Web)

6 AC2070: Web Design & Programming

Đào Trung Kiên @ MICA Institute & Dept. of Comm. Eng., SEEE, Hanoi Univ. of Science and Technology
Definition

 WWW = The Web

 A system of globally accessible documents and
resources
 A collection of websites and webpages stored in
web servers, that are interlinked by URLs
 Not to be confused with Internet
 Internet is a network
 WWW is a service on Internet
AC2070: Web Design & Programming
Đào Trung Kiên @ MICA Institute & Dept. of Comm. Eng., SEEE, Hanoi Univ. of Science and Technology
 html: ngôn ngữ để server hiển thị các phần tử
http: giao tiếp giữa client và server

History of WWW http - hypertext transfer protocol: giao thức truyền siêu văn bản
html - hypertext markup language: ngôn ngữ đánh dấu siêu văn bản

 1989: WWW (including HTTP, HTML) invented by Timothy Berners-Lee

 1991: Mosaic, first popular web browser
 1994: WWW Consortium (W3C) at MIT
 1995: JavaScript ➔ Interactive and dynamic webpages
 1996: Google, the most popular search engine
 2000: Burst of “dot-com” bubble
 2002: Rise of blogs, wikis ➔ Web 2.0 = era of user-generated content
(blogs, wikis)
 2003: Rise of social networks (MySpace, Facebook,…)
 2005: Rise of web applications with AJAX
 2014: HTML5 (location, 2D/3D graphics, media,…)

8 AC2070: Web Design & Programming

Đào Trung Kiên @ MICA Institute & Dept. of Comm. Eng., SEEE, Hanoi Univ. of Science and Technology
Demystification
 Webpage (or just “page”): A document which can be
displayed in a web browser
 Website (or just “site”): A collection of grouped webpages
nhiều trang web trên 1 địa chỉ gốc
and made available at a certain address
 Web server: A computer (server) that hosts websites
 Apache, IIS, Tomcat, nginx, ExpressJS,…
truy xuất
 Web browser: A software that retrieves and displays
webpages to users
 Opera, Chrome, Edge, IE, Netscape, Safari,…

9 AC2070: Web Design & Programming

Đào Trung Kiên @ MICA Institute & Dept. of Comm. Eng., SEEE, Hanoi Univ. of Science and Technology
Basic Components of WWW
 Content: Information displayed by the web browser
 Static: Content that doesn’t change
 Dynamic: Content that varies based on various factors

 Instructions: What the browser needs to do

 Formatting: How the content is to be displayed
 Navigation: How to travel between webpages
 Others: Pop-up windows, validation, customization

 Build a website = creating Content and Instructions

10 AC2070: Web Design & Programming

Đào Trung Kiên @ MICA Institute & Dept. of Comm. Eng., SEEE, Hanoi Univ. of Science and Technology
Web Standards
 Web browsers and servers need to speak the same
“languages”
 URL (Uniform Resource Locator): An address that helps to
locate a webpage đại chỉ 1 website
 HTML (HyperText Markup Language): The markup
(formatting) language for webpages
 HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol): A protocol (set of
communication rules) allowing web browsers to retrieve
resources from web servers
 CSS, JavaScript, JSON, XML,…

11 AC2070: Web Design & Programming

Đào Trung Kiên @ MICA Institute & Dept. of Comm. Eng., SEEE, Hanoi Univ. of Science and Technology
 Web Development

12 AC2070: Web Design & Programming

Đào Trung Kiên @ MICA Institute & Dept. of Comm. Eng., SEEE, Hanoi Univ. of Science and Technology
What is It?
 Building and maintenance of
websites
 Make websites work
 Make websites work fast
 Make pages look great

 What do web devs need?

 HTML
 CSS
 JavaScript

13 AC2070: Web Design & Programming

Đào Trung Kiên @ MICA Institute & Dept. of Comm. Eng., SEEE, Hanoi Univ. of Science and Technology
Front-end and Back-end Development
Client running a Server running
Web Browser Web Server Software
HTTP
Page request

HTTP
Server response

Front-end development: Back-end development:

- HTML - Web server
- CSS - Database
- Client-side scripting

Full-stack
development
14 AC2070: Web Design & Programming
Đào Trung Kiên @ MICA Institute & Dept. of Comm. Eng., SEEE, Hanoi Univ. of Science and Technology
Web Applications
 Internet is more and more ubiquitous,
with very high-speed and wireless
connections
 Web browsers are nowadays equipped
with powerful features (Web 2.0)
 HTML5, CSS3, AJAX, REST, graphics (canvas,
WebGL, SVG), hardware accessibility
(camera, location, notification),...

➔ Web is now one of important application/service

development and distribution platforms (besides server,
desktop, mobile)
 No installation needed → many advantages to users and providers
 Ex: Google Maps, Gmail, MS Office 365, web games,...
15 AC2070: Web Design & Programming
Đào Trung Kiên @ MICA Institute & Dept. of Comm. Eng., SEEE, Hanoi Univ. of Science and Technology
SOA
 Software distribution with Package
Model has many limitations
 Low compatibility with user devices → high
software development cost
 Feature, patch updates
 Difficult to guarantee user activities
 Difficult to assess usability, user experience
➔ Service Oriented Architecture (SOA)
 Service in place of application
 A service may target end users, or other services
 4P: Process, Pratice, People, Platform
 Ex: map, payment, storage (cloud), authentication, AI, advertisement,
user data analytics,…

16 AC2070: Web Design & Programming

Đào Trung Kiên @ MICA Institute & Dept. of Comm. Eng., SEEE, Hanoi Univ. of Science and Technology