Câu hỏi 1 Đã bỏ qua

Which of the following is an advantage of the whole-team approach?

(C) It embeds business representatives alongside developers in the same team

(B) It only needs a single team to support the complete development project

(A) It allows team members to take on any role at any time

Correct answer

(D) It generates a team synergy that benefits the entire project

Giải thích tổng thể

FL-1.5.2
(A) Is not correct. The whole-team approach allows any team member with the requisite skills and
knowledge to undertake any task, however that does not mean that team members can take on any
role at any time. Typically, they only take on roles in which they are competent, and there is no
suggestion that every team member can do every role
(B) Is not correct. The whole-team approach applies to how a single team (typically in Agile software
development) works; it does not cover how multiple teams are supposed to work on larger projects, and
it does not suggest that only one ‘whole’ team is needed for a complete project
(C) Is not correct. The whole-team approach does not expect every team member to be involved in
every important decision. For instance, there is no need for the business representative (i.e. the
Product Owner) to be involved in every technical decision that does not affect the business outcome
and implementing such an approach would unnecessarily slow down the team’s progress
(D) Is correct. By leveraging the diverse skill sets of each team member most effectively, the whole-
team approach fosters superior team dynamics, promotes robust communication and collaboration, and
generates a team synergy that benefits the entire project

Câu hỏi 2 Đã bỏ qua

Tiếp tục Làm lại bài kiểm tra
 Which of the following test activities are MOST likely to involve the application of boundary value analysis
and equivalence partitioning?
Select TWO options.

Correct selection

(B) Test design

(A) Test implementation

(D) Test monitoring

(C) Test execution

Correct selection

(E) Test analysis

Giải thích tổng thể

FL-1.4.1
Given the following description of test analysis: To identify the features that require testing, the test
basis is analyzed and defined as test conditions, which are then prioritized along with related risks. The
systematic identification of test conditions as coverage items often involves using test techniques both
during test analysis and as part of the test design activity. From the above description, it can be seen
that test techniques are often used in the test analysis and test design activities. Boundary value
analysis and equivalence partitioning are test techniques.
(A) Is not correct. Test implementation is not likely to involve the use of test techniques as it is mostly
concerned with assembling test cases into test procedures, while test techniques create test cases
(B) Is correct. Test design is likely to involve the use of test techniques to create test cases from test
conditions and coverage items.
(C) Is not correct. Test execution is not likely to involve the use of test techniques as it is mostly
concerned with executing test procedures (and so test cases), while test techniques create test cases
(D) Is not correct. Test monitoring is not likely to involve the use of test techniques. Test monitoring is
mostly concerned with ongoing checks to ensure the plan is being followed, while test techniques
create test cases e) Is correct. Test analysis is likely to involve the use of test techniques to identify test
conditions

Câu hỏi 3 Đã bỏ qua

You received the following defect report from the developers stating that the anomaly described in
this test report is not reproducible.
Application hangs up
2022-May-03 – John Doe – Rejected
The application hangs up after entering “Test input: $a” in the Name field on the new user creation screen.
Tried to log off, log in with test_admin01 account, same issue.
Tried with other test admin accounts, same issue. No error message received; log (see attached) contains
fatal error notification.
Based on the test case TC-1305, the application should accept the provided input and create the user.
Please fix with high priority, this feature is related to REQ-0012, which is a critical new business
requirement.
What critical information is MISSING from this test report that would have been useful for the
developers?

Correct answer

(C) Test environment and test item

(A) Expected result and actual result

(D) Priority and severity

(B) References and defect status

Giải thích tổng thể

FL-5.5.1
(A) is not correct. The expected result is "the application should accept the provided input and create
the user". The actual result is "The application hangs up after entering "Test input. $a"".
(B) is not correct. There is a reference to the test case and to the related requirement and it states that
the defect is rejected. Also, the defect status would not be very helpful for the developers
(C) is correct. We do not know in which test environment the anomaly was detected, and we also do
not know which application (and its version) is affected
(D) is not correct. The defect report states that the anomaly is urgent, that it is a global issue (i.e.,
many, if not all, test administration accounts are affected) and states the impact is high for business
stakeholders

Câu hỏi 4 Đã bỏ qua

Which of the following activities in the test process makes the MOST use of test progress reports?

(D) Test planning

(C) Test analysis

Correct answer

(B) Test completion

(A) Test design

Giải thích tổng thể

FL-5.3.2
(A) Is not correct. Test progress reports are mostly used during test monitoring and control, and test
completion, not during test design
(B) Is correct. A test completion report is prepared during test completion, when a project, test level, or
test type is complete and when, ideally, its exit criteria have been met. This report uses information
from test progress reports and other data
(C) Is not correct. Test progress reports are mostly used during test monitoring and control, and test
completion, not during test analysis
(D) Is not correct. Test progress reports are most used during test monitoring and control, and test
completion, not during test planning

Câu hỏi 5 Đã bỏ qua

Which collaborative user story writing practice enables the team to achieve a collective understanding of
what needs to be delivered?

(B) Reviews, so that a team can detect inconsistencies and contradictions in a user story

Correct answer

(D) Conversation, so that team members can understand how the software will be used

(A) Planning poker, so that a team can achieve consensus on the effort needed to
implement a user story

(C) Iteration planning, so that user stories with the highest business value for a customer
can be prioritized for implementation

Giải thích tổng thể

FL-4.5.1
(A) Is not correct. Planning poker can estimate effort for a user story that is already written. It does not
help in understanding what should be delivered
(B) Is not correct. Reviews are not a collaborative user story writing practice
(C) Is not correct. Iteration planning is a project-related practice, used to plan the work, not to
understand what needs to be delivered
(D) Is correct. Conversation explains how the software will be used and often allows the team to define
meaningful acceptance criteria, thus obtaining a shared vision of what should be delivered

Câu hỏi 6 Đã bỏ qua

 Which of the following pieces of information contained in a test progress report is the LEAST useful for
business representatives?

(C) Test progress

(D) New risks within the test cycle

Correct answer

(B) Branch coverage achieved

(A) Impediments to testing

Giải thích tổng thể

FL-5.3.2
(A) is not correct. Impediments to testing can be high level and business related, so this is an important
piece of information for business stakeholders
(B) is correct. Branch testing is a technical metric used by developers and technical testers. This
information is of no interest to business representatives
(C) is not correct. Test progress is project related, so it may be useful for business representatives
(D) is not correct. Risks impact product quality, so it may be useful for business representatives

Câu hỏi 7 Đã bỏ qua

The system for selling cinema tickets calculates the discount type based on the client’s birth year (BY) and
on the current year (CY) as follows:
Let D be the difference between CY and BY, that is, D = CY – BY
If D < 0 then print the error message “birth year cannot be greater than current
year”
If 0 ≤ D < 18 then apply the student discount
If 18 ≤ D < 65 then apply no discount
If D ≥ 65 then apply the pensioner discount
 Your test suite already contains two test cases:
BY = 1990, CY = 2020, expected result: no discount
BY = 2030, CY = 2029, expected result: print the error message
Which of the following test data sets should be added to achieve full valid equivalence partitioning coverage
for the discount type?
Select TWO options.

Correct selection

(B) BY = 1900, CY = 1965

(D) BY = 2011, CY = 2029

(A) BY = 2001, CY = 2065

Correct selection

(E) BY = 2000, CY = 2000

(C) BY = 1965, CY = 1900

Giải thích tổng thể

FL-4.2.1
There are two equivalence partitions that are not yet covered, which correspond to “student discount”
and “pensioner discount”.
(A) Is not correct. CY – BY = 64, so these inputs correspond to the already covered “no discount”
partition
(B) Is correct. CY – BY = 65, so these inputs correspond to a partition that is not yet covered
(“pensioner discount”)
(C) Is not correct. CY – BY = –65, so these inputs correspond to the already covered “error message”
partition
(D) Is not correct. CY – BY = 18, so these inputs correspond to the already covered “no discount”
partition e) Is correct. CY – BY = 0, so these inputs correspond to a partition that is not yet covered
(“student discount”)

Câu hỏi 8 Đã bỏ qua

You are testing a web application that allows users to SEARCH for products, VIEW product details, ADD
products to a shopping cart, and place an ORDER.
You have prepared the following five test cases, which you want to execute according to their priorities:
TC1: SEARCH product A Priority: medium
TC2: VIEW product A details Priority: low
TC3: ADD product B to a shopping cart Priority: medium
TC4: ADD product C to a shopping cart Priority: high
TC5: place an ORDER Priority: high
You also identified the following logical dependencies between test cases:
SEARCH functionality must be tested before VIEW functionality can be tested,
as product details rely on search functionality.
VIEW functionality must be tested before ADD functionality, as adding products
relies on the availability of accurate product details.
ADD functionality must be tested before ORDER functionality, as placing an
order relies on the availability of accurate shopping cart information.
Which test case should be executed as the fourth one?

TC1

TC4

TC2

Correct answer

TC3
Giải thích tổng thể
FL-5.1.5
According to the dependencies, SEARCH tests must be executed first, then VIEW tests, then ADD
tests and, at the end, ORDER tests. Within each of these groups the order is determined by the
priorities of the test cases. So, TC1 must be executed first, then TC2, then TC4 followed by TC3, and
then TC5 as the last one.
So, the ordering is: TC1, TC2, TC4, TC3, TC5

Câu hỏi 9 Đã bỏ qua

Which TWO of the following tasks belong MAINLY to a testing role?

Select TWO options.

Correct selection

(A) Configure test environments

(B) Maintain the product backlog

(C) Design solutions to new requirements

(D) Create the test plan

Correct selection

(E) Report on achieved coverage

Giải thích tổng thể

FL-1.4.5
(A) is correct. This is done by the testers
(B) is not correct. The product backlog is built and maintained by the product owner
(C) is not correct. This is done by the development team
(D) is not correct. This is a managerial role
(E) is correct. This is done by the testers

Câu hỏi 10 Đã bỏ qua

You are a member of a test team located in North America, developing a product for a client located in
Europe. The team is agile and follows the DevOps approach and uses a continuous integration/continuous
delivery pipeline.
Which of the following is the LEAST effective way to communicate test progress to the customer?

(B) Dashboards

(C) Email

(D) Video conferencing

Correct answer

(A) Face-to-face

Giải thích tổng thể

FL-5.3.3
(A) Is correct. The client is in a different location and time zone, so it may be difficult to communicate
face-to-face
(B) Is not correct. Dashboards are usually available to any user at any time, so the difference in time
zones will not be as much of a hindrance to communication as verbal, face-to-face communication
(C) Is not correct. Although the time difference between Europe and America is several hours, and this
may cause some inconvenience, it's certainly not as great as with communicating face-to-face
(D) Is not correct. Video conferencing tools are a convenient means of communication. Although
communication between Europe and America during working hours usually requires one party to
connect in the very early or very late hours, this is not as much of an inconvenience as verbal, face-to-
face communication

Câu hỏi 11 Đã bỏ qua

Which of the following statements about the value of static testing is CORRECT?

Correct answer

(C) Dynamic testing can identify some of the defects that can be found by static testing but
not all of them

(A) The defect types found by static testing are different from the defect types that can be
found by dynamic testing

(D) Static testing can identify the defect types that can be found by dynamic testing as well
as some extra defect types

(B) Dynamic testing can detect the defect types that can be found by static testing plus
some additional defect types

Giải thích tổng thể

FL-3.1.2
(A) Is not correct. There are some defect types that can be found by both static testing and dynamic
testing, such as a programming defect that can be observed by a reviewer in a code review and which
causes an observable failure during dynamic testing
(B) Is not correct. There are some defect types that can only be detected by static testing, such as
unreachable code, design patterns not implemented as desired and defects in non-executable work
products
(C) Is correct. There are some defect types that can be found by both static testing and dynamic
testing, such as a programming defect that can be observed by a reviewer in a code review and which
causes an observable failure during dynamic testing. There are also some defect types that can only be
detected by static testing, such as unreachable code, design patterns not implemented as desired and
defects in non executable work products
(D) Is not correct. There are some defect types that can only be detected by dynamic testing, such as
performance issues or memory issues that can only be observed when executing the code or system

Câu hỏi 12 Đã bỏ qua

Which of the following is a benefit of early and frequent stakeholder feedback?

(C) It allows product owners to change their requirements as often as they want

Correct answer

(A) Changes to requirements are understood and implemented earlier

(B) It ensures business stakeholders understand user requirements

(D) End users are told which requirements will not be implemented prior to release

Giải thích tổng thể

FL-3.2.1
(A) Is correct. Obtaining feedback from stakeholders early and often in the software development
process can be highly beneficial. It facilitates early communication of potential quality issues, can
prevent misunderstandings about requirements, and ensures that any changes in stakeholder
requirements are understood and implemented sooner
(B) Is not correct. The feedback is from stakeholders, and them providing feedback is unlikely to
improve their understanding of their own user requirements
(C) Is not correct. Obtaining feedback from stakeholders early and often in the software development
process can be highly beneficial. It facilitates early communication of potential quality issues, can
prevent misunderstandings about requirements, and ensures that any changes in stakeholder
requirements are understood and implemented sooner. However, because changes in requirements
can be understood and implemented sooner, it does not mean that unlimited changes to requirements
are encouraged
(D) Is not correct. The feedback is from stakeholders and does not cover communication to them.
Communications to end users could include them being told about which requirements will not be
implemented prior to release, but ideally this should not happen at all

Câu hỏi 13 Đã bỏ qua

Which of the following is MOST likely to be a risk of test automation?

Correct answer

(C) Incompatibility with the development platform

(B) Providing measures that are too complicated for humans to derive

(A) The detection of additional high-severity defects

(D) Substantially reduced test execution times

Giải thích tổng thể

FL-6.2.1
(A) Is not correct. The detection of additional high-severity defects would be a benefit of test
automation, rather than a risk
(B) Is not correct. The provision of measures that are too complicated for humans to derive themselves
is normally considered to be a benefit of test automation
(C) Is correct. If the test automation is incompatible with the development platform, then it will not be
able to integrate them, and, for instance, pass test inputs to the test object and receive test results from
the test object
(D) Is not correct. Substantially reduced test execution times would normally be considered a benefit
that is provided by test automation

Câu hỏi 14 Đã bỏ qua

Which of the following statements about the independence of testing is CORRECT?

 (D) Testers from outside the developer’s team are more independent than testers from
within the team, but the testers from within the team are more likely to be blamed for
delays in product release

Correct answer

(A) Independent testers will find defects due to their different technical perspective from
developers, but their independence may lead to an adversarial relationship with the
developers

(C) Independent testing requires testers who are outside the developer’s team and ideally
from
outside the organization, however these testers find it difficult to understand the
application
domain

(B) Developers’ familiarity with their own code means they only find a few defects in it,
however their shared software background with testers means these defects would also be
found by
the testers

Giải thích tổng thể

FL-1.5.3
(A) Is correct. The primary benefit of independence in testing is that testers are more likely to identify
different types of failures and defects compared to developers, due to their varied backgrounds,
technical viewpoints, and potential biases, including cognitive bias. However, the main disadvantage of
independence in testing is that testers may become isolated from the development team, leading to
communication problems, a lack of collaboration, and potentially an adversarial relationship, with
testers being blamed for delays and bottlenecks in the release process
(B) Is not correct. A developer’s familiarity with the code does not mean that they rarely find defects in
it, instead this familiarity means they can efficiently find many defects in their own code. And, rather
than developers and testers having a shared background, developers having a different background to
testers is normally cited as the reason that testers and developers find different kinds of defects
(C) Is not correct. Testing can be conducted at different levels of independence, ranging from no
independence for the author to very high independence for testers from outside the organization. In
most projects, multiple levels of independence are utilized, with developers performing component and
component integration testing, the test team performing system and system integration testing, and
business representatives performing acceptance testing. So, testers can be in the developer’s team
and do not need to come from outside the organization. Knowledge of the application domain will
change from case-to-case and is not dependent on the level of independence
(D) Is not correct. Testing can be conducted at different levels of independence, ranging from no
independence for the author to very high independence for testers from outside the organization, with
testers from outside the developer’s team generally more independent than testers from within the
team. However, there is more reason to believe that testers from outside the team are likely to be more
isolated from the developers and so are more likely to be blamed for delays in product release

Câu hỏi 15 Đã bỏ qua

You are testing a PIN validator, which accepts valid PINs and rejects invalid PINs. A PIN is a sequence of
digits. A PIN is valid if it consists of four digits, at least two of which are different. You have identified the
following valid equivalence partitions:
Variable: PIN code length
The partition “length correct” - four-digit PINs
The partition “length incorrect” - PINs with length other than
Variable: Number of different digits
The partition “number of different digits correct” - PINs with at least two different
digits
The partition “number of different digits incorrect” - PINs with all digits being the
same
Which of the following is a MINIMUM set of input test data that covers all identified equivalence partitions?

Correct answer

(C) 1, 1234

(D) 12345, 1234

(A) 1234, 12345, 1

(B) 111, 1111, 1112

Giải thích tổng thể
FL-4.2.1
(A) Is not correct. These three values achieve full coverage of the equivalence partitions, but full
coverage can be achieved with two values
(B) Is not correct. These three values achieve full coverage of the equivalence partitions, but full
coverage can be achieved with two values
(C) Is correct. Value “1” covers “length incorrect” and “number of different digits incorrect”. Value “1234”
covers “length correct” and “number of different digits correct”. These two values cover all four
identified equivalence partitions
(D) Is not correct. This set does not cover the “number of different digits incorrect” equivalence partition

Câu hỏi 16 Đã bỏ qua

Your organization’s test strategy suggests that once a system is going to be retired, data migration shall be
tested. As part of what test type is this testing MOST likely to be performed?

Correct answer

(A) Maintenance testing

(D) Integration testing

(B) Regression testing

(C) Component testing

Giải thích tổng thể

FL-2.3.1
(A) is correct. When a system is retired, this can require testing of data migration, which is a form of
maintenance testing
(B) is not correct. Regression testing verifies whether a fix accidentally affected the behavior of other
parts of the code, but now we are talking about data migration to a new system
(C) is not correct. Component testing focuses on individual hardware or software components, not on
data migration
(D) is not correct. Integration testing focuses on interactions between components and/or systems, not
on data migration

Câu hỏi 17 Đã bỏ qua

Which of the following is a benefit of early and frequent stakeholder feedback?

Correct answer

(C) It facilitates early communication of potential quality issues

(A) Managers are aware of which developers are less productive

(D) End users better understand why the delivery of the work product is delayed

(B) It allows project managers to prioritize their stakeholder interactions

Giải thích tổng thể

FL-3.2.1
(A) Is not correct. The feedback is from stakeholders (e.g., business representative, end user), not from
developers, so this feedback is not likely to inform managers which developers are more or less
productive
(B) Is not correct. Early and frequent feedback from stakeholders is not used by project managers to
prioritize how they interact with the different stakeholders
(C) Is correct. Obtaining feedback from stakeholders early and often in the software development
process can be highly beneficial as it facilitates early communication of potential quality issues, can
prevent misunderstandings about requirements, and ensures that any changes in stakeholder
requirements are understood and implemented sooner
(D) Is not correct. Early and frequent feedback can prevent the development of a product that does not
meet stakeholder needs, and results in costly rework and missed deadlines, so, ideally there should be
no delay. Also, the feedback is from stakeholders (not to them), which includes the end users, so the
end users providing feedback will not aid the end users’ understanding

Câu hỏi 18 Đã bỏ qua

Your favorite bicycle daily rental store has just introduced a new Customer Relationship
Management system and asked you, one of their most loyal members, to test it.
The implemented features are as follows:
Anyone can rent a bicycle, but members receive a 20% discount
However, if the return deadline is missed, the discount is no longer available
After 15 rentals, members get a gift: a T-Shirt
Decision table describing the implemented features looks as follows:

Based ONLY on the feature description of the Customer Relationship Management system, which of the
above rules describes an impossible situation?

Correct answer

R8

R6

R2
 R4

Giải thích tổng thể

FL-4.2.3
"R4" is not correct. A member without a missed deadline can get a discount and a gift T-Shirt after 15
bicycle rentals
"R2" is not correct. A member without a missed deadline can get a discount but no gift T-Shirt until they
rented a bicycle 15 times
"R6" is not correct. Non-members cannot get a discount, even if they did not miss a deadline yet
"R8" is correct. No discount as a non-member that has also missed a deadline, but only members can
receive a gift T-Shirt. Hence, the action is not correct

Câu hỏi 19 Đã bỏ qua

Which of the following BEST describes the concept behind error guessing?

(C) Error guessing requires you to imagine that you are the user of the test object and to
guess errors the user could make interacting with it

(D) Error guessing requires you to rapidly duplicate the development task to identify the
sort of errors a developer might make

Correct answer

(A) Error guessing involves using your knowledge and experience of defects found in the
past and typical errors made by developers

(B) Error guessing involves using your personal experience of development and the errors
you made as a developer
Giải thích tổng thể
FL-4.4.1
(A) is correct. The basic concept behind error guessing is that the tester tries to guess what errors may
have been made by the developer and what defects may be in the test object based on past
experience (and sometimes checklists)
(B) is not correct. Although a tester who used to be a developer may use their personal experience to
help them when performing error guessing, the test technique is not based on prior knowledge of
development
(C) is not correct. Error guessing is not a usability technique for guessing how users may fail to interact
with the test object
(D) is not correct. Duplicating the development task has several flaws that make it impractical, such as
the tester having equivalent skills to the developer and the time involved to perform the development. It
is not error guessing

Câu hỏi 20 Đã bỏ qua

Consider the following acceptance criteria for a user story written from the perspective of an online store
owner.
Given that the user is logged in and on the homepage,
When the user clicks on the "Add Item" button,
Then the "Create Item" form should appear,
And the user should be able to input a name and price for the new item.
In what format is this acceptance criteria written?

Correct answer

(B) Scenario-oriented

(A) Rule-oriented

(C) Product-oriented

(D) Process-oriented
Giải thích tổng thể
FL-4.5.2
(A) Is not correct. The rule-oriented format includes formats like bullet point verification lists or tabulated
forms of input-output mappings, explicitly showing the rules to be followed. Given/When/Then is a
scenario oriented format because it describes a scenario to be verified
(B) Is correct. This is a Given/When/Then format, which is scenario-oriented
(C) Is not correct. There no "product-oriented" format of acceptance criteria
(D) Is not correct. There is no "process-oriented" format of acceptance criteria

Câu hỏi 21 Đã bỏ qua

The table shows the traceability matrix from test cases to requirements. “X” means that a given test case
covers the corresponding requirement.

You want to prioritize the test cases following the additional coverage prioritization technique.
You execute all four test cases.
Which test case should be executed as the LAST one?

TC4

TC1

Correct answer

TC2
 TC3

Giải thích tổng thể

FL-5.1.5
TC1 achieves the highest coverage (4/7 – Req1, Req3, Req4 and Req7), so should be executed first.
Req2, Req5 and Req6 are still not covered.
The next test case that achieves the highest additional coverage of the remaining requirements is TC3,
covering 2 out of these 3 requirements (Req5 and Req6).
So, TC3 should be executed as the second one. Now the only requirement still not covered is Req2,
which is covered by TC4.
Therefore, TC4 should be executed as the third test case. So, the last test case executed will be TC2.

Câu hỏi 22 Đã bỏ qua

Which of the following is LEAST likely to occur as a result of a retrospective?

(B) Test efficiency improves by speeding up the configuration of test environments through
automation

(A) The quality of future test objects improves by identifying improvements in development
practices

Correct answer

(C) End users’ understanding of the development and test processes is improved

(D) Automated test scripts are enhanced through feedback from developers

Giải thích tổng thể

FL-2.1.6
(A) Is not correct. One of the purposes of retrospectives is to identify potential process improvements,
which, if put into practice, should result in the quality of future outputs of the development process (test
objects) being higher. So, this is likely to occur as a result of a retrospective
(B) Is not correct. A benefit of retrospectives for testing includes increased test efficiency through
process improvements. So, this is likely to occur as a result of a retrospective
(C) Is correct. Participants at retrospectives typically include testers, developers, architects, product
owners, and business analysts, but end users are rarely invited or attend these meetings – and they
are also unlikely to receive any reports from these meetings. So, it is very unlikely that they will learn
and understand more about the development and test processes through retrospectives.
(D) Is not correct. A benefit of retrospectives for testing includes improved quality of testware (including
automated test scripts) through joint reviews with developers. So, this is likely to occur as a result of a
retrospective

Câu hỏi 23 Đã bỏ qua

Which of these statements is NOT a factor that contributes to successful reviews?

(C) Participants should avoid behaviors that might indicate boredom, exasperation, or
hostility to other participants

(A) Participants should dedicate adequate time for the review

Correct answer

(D) Failures found should be acknowledged, appreciated, and handled objectively

(B) Splitting large work products into small parts to make the required effort less intense

Giải thích tổng thể

FL-3.2.5
(A) is not correct. Adequate time for individuals is a success factor
(B) is not correct. Splitting work products into small adequate parts is a success factor
(C) is not correct. Avoiding behaviors that might indicate boredom, exasperation, etc. is a success
factor
(D) is correct. During reviews one can find defects, not failures

Câu hỏi 24 Đã bỏ qua

Consider the following test categories (1-4) and agile testing quadrants (A-D):
1. Usability testing
2. Component testing
3. Functional testing
4. Reliability testing
A. Agile testing quadrant Q1: technology facing, supporting the development team
B. Agile testing quadrant Q2: business facing, supporting the development team
C. Agile testing quadrant Q3: business facing, critique the product
D. Agile testing quadrant Q4: technology facing, critique the product
How do the following test categories map onto the agile testing quadrants?

1D, 2A, 3C, 4B

1C, 2B, 3D, 4A

1D, 2B, 3C, 4A

Correct answer

1C, 2A, 3B, 4D

Giải thích tổng thể

FL-5.1.7
Usability testing is in Q3 (1 - C)
Component testing is in Q1 (2 - A)
Functional testing is in Q2 (3 - B)
Reliability testing is in Q4 (4 - D)

Câu hỏi 25 Đã bỏ qua

Which of the following BEST describes retrospectives?

(A) Retrospectives allow team members to identify other team members who did not fully
contribute to achieving quality as required by the whole-team approach

(D) Retrospectives give agile team members a forum where they focus on discussing the
plan and technical decisions for the next iteration

Correct answer

(B) Retrospectives give testers an opportunity to identify activities that were successful so
that these are retained when potential improvements are made in the future

(C) Retrospectives are where agile team members are allowed to voice their concerns
about management and customers in a blame-free environment

Giải thích tổng thể

FL-2.1.6
(A) Is not correct. The benefits of retrospectives include team bonding and learning from sharing
issues, and better collaboration between developers and testers through reviewing and improving
working practices. Calling out individuals who a team member may feel did not fully contribute to
achieving quality as required by the whole-team approach will not contribute to this team bonding and
collaboration
(B) Is correct. During the retrospective, the group discusses what aspects of the project were
successful and should be retained, as well as areas that could be improved, and how to do so
(C) Is not correct. The benefits of retrospectives are based on increased effectiveness and efficiency
through process improvements; they are not an opportunity to let off steam and criticize management
and customers. Also, the results are recorded, usually in the test completion report, so anything said in
the meeting could be read by other stakeholders
(D) Is not correct. Retrospectives are meetings that are typically held at the end of an iteration where
team members will focus on discussing quality-related issues that have occurred in the current
iteration. They are not used for making plans or technical decisions for the next iteration; this would be
done in the iteration planning meeting at the start of the next iteration

Câu hỏi 26 Đã bỏ qua

Which of the following provides the BEST example of a scenario-oriented acceptance criterion?

(A) The application must allow users to delete their account and all associated data upon
request

Correct answer

(B) When a customer adds an item to their cart and proceeds to checkout, they should be
prompted to log in or create an account if they haven’t already done so

(C) IF (contain(product(23).Name, cart.products())) THEN return FALSE

(D) The website must comply with the ICT Accessibility 508 Standards and ensure that all
content is accessible to users with disabilities

Giải thích tổng thể

FL-4.5.2
(A) Is not correct. This acceptance criterion describes what rules or regulations the system must adhere
to (in this case, the right to be forgotten). This is an example of a rule-oriented acceptance criterion
(B) Is correct. This acceptance criterion describes an example scenario that must be realizable by the
system. This is an example of a scenario oriented acceptance criterion
(C) Is not correct. This sentence looks more like a line of code that implements some business rule.
Acceptance criteria should be written in collaboration with business representatives, and therefore
should be written in language they understand. This sentence will most likely be unintelligible to these
stakeholders
(D) Is not correct. This acceptance criterion describes what rules or regulations the system must
adhere to and how compliance will be ensured. Therefore, this is an example of a rule-oriented
acceptance criterion, not a scenario-based acceptance criterion

Câu hỏi 27 Đã bỏ qua

Given the following benefits and drawbacks of the independence of testing:

i. The testers work in a different location from the developers
ii. Testers question the assumptions programmers make while writing code
iii. A confrontational dynamic has been established between testers and developers
iv. Developers have convinced themselves that testers are mostly accountable for quality
v. Testers have different biases than those held by the developers
Which are MOST likely to be considered benefits?

ii, iii, v

i, iv

i, iii, iv

Correct answer

ii, v

Giải thích tổng thể

FL-1.5.3
Considering each of the listed benefits and drawbacks of the independence of testing:
i. Ideally, we want close collaboration between testers and developers, which is not increased by
isolation. Thus, this is a disadvantage
ii. Testers and developers have varied backgrounds, technical viewpoints, and potential biases,
allowing testers to usefully challenge assumptions made by stakeholders during system specification
and implementation. Thus, this is an advantage
iii. The main disadvantage of independence in testing is that testers may become isolated from the
development team, leading to communication problems, a lack of collaboration, and potentially an
adversarial relationship, with testers being blamed for delays and bottlenecks in the release process.
Thus, this is a disadvantage
iv. One of the disadvantages of independence in testing is that testers may become isolated from the
development team, leading to developers feeling less accountable for quality. Thus, this is a
disadvantage
v. The primary benefit of independence in testing is that testers are more likely to identify different types
of failures and defects compared to developers, due to their varied backgrounds, technical viewpoints,
and potential biases, including cognitive bias

Câu hỏi 28 Đã bỏ qua

Which of the following is MOST likely to be a benefit of test automation?

Correct answer

(A) It provides coverage measures that are too complicated for humans to derive

(B) It shares responsibility for the testing with the tool vendor

(C) It removes the need for critical thinking when analyzing test results

(D) It generates test cases from an analysis of the program code

Giải thích tổng thể

FL-6.2.1
(A) Is correct. Test automation can provide measures that are too complicated for humans to derive,
such as white-box test coverage measures for all but the most trivial code
(B) Is not correct. By using test tools the responsibility for the testing is NOT shared with the tool
vendor as the vendor is not involved in the testing, and it is the tester’s responsibility. The only possible
responsibility that could be assigned to the tool vendor is if the tool fails to work as expected and
provides incorrect test results
(C) Is not correct. Testers still need to perform critical thinking when analyzing anomalies in the test
results to determine their likely cause
(D) Is not correct. Neither testers nor tools can generate test cases simply from an analysis of the
program code as the code is the implementation and provides no information on the expected results,
which will need to come from another part of the test basis, such as the design specification

Câu hỏi 29 Đã bỏ qua

Which of the following statements BEST describes the acceptance test-driven development (ATDD)
approach?

(A) In ATDD, acceptance criteria are typically created based on the given/when/then format

Correct answer

(C) In ATDD, tests are created, based on acceptance criteria to drive the development of the
related software

(D) In ATDD, tests are based on the desired behavior of the software, which makes it easier
for team members to understand them

(B) In ATDD, test cases are mainly created at component testing and are code-oriented

Giải thích tổng thể

FL-2.1.3
(A) is not correct. It is more often used in behavior-driven development (BDD)
(B) is not correct. It is the description of test-driven development (TDD)
(C) is correct. In acceptance test-driven development (ATDD) tests are written from acceptance criteria
as part of the design process
(D) is not correct. It is used in BDD

Câu hỏi 30 Đã bỏ qua

Given the following test tasks:

 1. Derive test cases from test conditions
2. Identify reusable testware
3. Organize test cases into test procedures
4. Evaluate test basis and test object
And the following test activities:
A. Test analysis
B. Test design
C. Test implementation
D. Test completion
Which of the following BEST matches the tasks with the activities?

Correct answer

1B, 2D, 3C, 4A

1C, 2D, 3A, 4B

1B, 2A, 3D, 4C

1C, 2A, 3B, 4D

Giải thích tổng thể

FL-1.4.1
Considering each of the listed test activities and their tasks:
A. Test analysis - To identify the features that require testing, the test basis is analyzed and defined as
test conditions, which are then prioritized along with related risks. During this test analysis, defects in
the test basis are typically uncovered, and the test object's testability may also be assessed. (Task 4)
B. Test design - Involves using test conditions to create test cases and other necessary testware, such
as test data requirements and test charters for exploratory testing. (Task 1)
C. Test implementation - Test procedures, such as manual and automated test scripts, are created from
test cases and may be assembled into test suites. Test procedures are prioritized and arranged in a
test execution schedule. (Task 3)
D. Test completion - Occurs at project milestones, such as release, end of iteration or end of test level.
Testware is identified and archived or handed to the appropriate teams for reuse, the test environment
is shut down, and the test activities are analyzed for lessons learned and future improvements. (Task 2)
==> 1B, 2D, 3C, 4A

Câu hỏi 31 Đã bỏ qua

You want to apply branch testing to the code represented by the following control flow grap

How many coverage items do you need to test?

(A) 2

(B) 4

(D) 7

Correct answer

(C) 8
Giải thích tổng thể
FL-4.3.2
In branch testing the coverage items are branches, which are represented by the edges of a control
flow graph. There are 8 edges in the control flow graph.

Câu hỏi 32 Đã bỏ qua

Customers of the TestWash car wash chain have cards with a record of the number of washes they have
bought so far. The initial value is 0. After entering the car wash, the system increases the number on the
card by one. This value represents the number of the current wash. Based on this number the system
decides what discount the customer is entitled to.
For every tenth wash the system gives a 10% discount, and for every twentieth wash, the system gives a
further 40% discount (i.e., a 50% discount in total).
Which of the following sets of input data (understood as the numbers of the current wash) achieves the
highest equivalence partition coverage?

Correct answer

(A) 19, 20, 30

(C) 1, 10, 50

(B) 11, 12, 20

(D) 10, 29, 30, 31

Giải thích tổng thể

FL-4.2.1
(A) Is correct. 19 covers the “no discount” partition, 20 covers the “50% discount” partition, and 30
covers the “10% discount” partition. These three values cover all three of the valid equivalence
partitions
(B) Is not correct. 11 and 12 cover the “no discount” partition, while 20 covers the “50% discount”
partition, so covering two of the three valid equivalence partitions
(C) Is not correct. 1 covers the “no discount” partition, while 10 and 50 cover the “10% discount”
partition. The “50% discount” partition is not covered, so overall two of the three valid equivalence
partitions are covered
(D) Is not correct. 29 and 31 cover the “no discount” partition, while 10 and 30 cover the “10% discount”
partition. The “50% discount” partition is not covered, so overall two of the three valid equivalence
partitions are covered

Câu hỏi 33 Đã bỏ qua

Which test activity involves working with test data requirements, test conditions, test environment
requirements and test cases?

(D) Test implementation

(C) Test analysis

(B) Test execution

Correct answer

(A) Test design

Giải thích tổng thể

FL-1.4.1
(A) Is correct. Test design involves using test conditions to create test cases and other necessary
testware, such as test data requirements and test charters for exploratory testing. Test environment
requirements are also specified, including the necessary infrastructure and tools
(B) Is not correct. Test execution involves executing test cases (as part of test procedures), however it
does not directly cover the other testware mentioned in the question, such as test data requirements,
test environment requirements and test conditions
(C) Is not correct. Test analysis is used to identify the features that require testing. The test basis is
analyzed and defined as test conditions, which are then prioritized along with related risks. While this
activity involves working with test conditions, it does not cover the other testware mentioned in the
question, such as test data requirements, test environment requirements and test cases
(D) Is not correct. Test implementation includes the generation of test procedures, such as manual and
automated test scripts, which are created from test cases and may be assembled into test suites. Test
procedures are prioritized and arranged in a test execution schedule. Test data is created, and the test
environment built, and its set up verified. While this activity involves explicitly working with test cases,
and may use test data requirements and test environment requirements to create test data and the test
environment, it does not cover test conditions

Câu hỏi 34 Đã bỏ qua

You are testing a user story with three acceptance criteria: AC1, AC2 and AC3. AC1 is covered by test case
TC1, AC2 by TC2, and AC3 by TC3. The test execution history had three test runs on three consecutive
versions of the software as follows:

Tests are repeated once you are informed that all defects found in the test run are corrected and a new
version of the software is available.
Which of the above tests are executed as regression tests?

(C) Only 4, 6, 8, 9

Correct answer

(B) Only 5, 7

(D) Only 5, 6
 (A) Only 4, 7, 8, 9

Giải thích tổng thể

FL-2.2.3
Because TC1 and TC3 failed in Execution 1 (i.e., test (1) and test (3)), test (4) and test (6) are
confirmation tests.
Because TC2 and TC3 failed in Execution 2 (i.e., tests (5) and (6)), test (8) and test (9) are also
confirmation tests.
TC2 passed in Execution 1 (i.e., test (2)), so test (5) is a regression test.
TC1 passed in the Execution 2 (i.e., test (4)), so test (7) is also a regression test.
Hence " Only 5, 7" is correct.

Câu hỏi 35 Đã bỏ qua

During risk analysis the team considered the following risk: “The system allows too high a discount for a
customer”. The team estimated the risk impact to be very high.
What can one say about the risk likelihood?

(A) It is also very high. High risk impact always implies high risk likelihood

Correct answer

(C) One cannot say anything about risk likelihood. Risk impact and risk likelihood are
independent.

(B) It is very low. High risk impact always implies low risk likelihood

(D) Risk likelihood is not important with such a high-risk impact. One does not need to
define it.
Giải thích tổng thể
FL-5.2.1
(A) is not correct. Risk impact and risk likelihood are independent
(B) is not correct. Risk impact and risk likelihood are independent
(C) is correct. Risk impact and risk likelihood are independent
(D) is not correct. We need both factors to calculate risk level

Câu hỏi 36 Đã bỏ qua

Which of the following BEST describe the collaborative approach to user story writing?

(A) User stories are created by testers and developers and then accepted by business
representatives

(D) User stories are created in a way that they are independent, negotiable, valuable,
estimable, small, and testable

Correct answer

(B) User stories are created by business representatives, developers, and testers together

(C) User stories are created by business representatives and verified by developers and
testers

Giải thích tổng thể

FL-4.5.1
(A) is not correct. Collaborative user story writing means that all stakeholders create the user stories
collaboratively, to obtain the shared vision
(B) is correct. Collaborative user story writing means that all stakeholders create the user stories
collaboratively, to obtain the shared vision
(C) is not correct. Collaborative user story writing means that all stakeholders create the user stories
collaboratively, to obtain the shared vision
(D) is not correct. This is the list of properties that each user story should have, not the description of
the collaboration-based approach

Câu hỏi 37 Đã bỏ qua

You run two test cases, T1 and T2, on the same code. Test T1 achieved 40% statement coverage and test
T2 achieved 65% statement coverage.
Which of the following sentences must be necessarily true?

(C) At least 5% of the statements in the code under test are non-executable

(D) The test suite composed of tests T1 and T2 achieves full branch coverage

(A) The test suite composed with tests T1 and T2 achieves 105% statement coverage

Correct answer

(B) There exists at least one statement that must have been executed by both T1 and T2

Giải thích tổng thể

FL-4.3.1
(A) Is not correct. Coverage is always defined as the percentage of the covered elements. Therefore, it
cannot exceed 100%
(B) Is correct. If the statements executed by T1 and T2 were disjoint, the coverage of the test suite {T1,
T2} would be 105%, which is impossible (see answer a). Therefore, at least 5% of executable
statements must have been executed by both T1 and T2
(C) Is not correct. Statement coverage does not tell us anything about the number of non-executable
statements in the code
(D) Is not correct. Even if a test suite achieves full statement coverage, this does not imply achieving
full branch coverage
 Câu hỏi 38 Đã bỏ qua

Which of the following is NOT a valid purpose for a test report?

(B) Providing information on the tests executed, their results, and any issues or defects
found

(D) Providing information on testing planned for the next period

(A) Tracking test progress and identifying areas that require further attention

Correct answer

(C) Providing information about each defect, such as the steps to reproduce it

Giải thích tổng thể

FL-5.3.2
(A) Is not correct. Tracking test progress and identifying areas that require further attention is an
example of supporting the ongoing control of testing. This is one of the purposes of test reports
(B) Is not correct. Providing information on the tests executed, their results, and any issues or defects
found is an example of summarizing the test activities performed at a given test level. This is one of the
purposes of test reports
(C) Is correct. Providing information about defects is the purpose of a defect report, not a test report
(D) Is not correct. Providing information on testing planned for the next period is one of the purposes of
test reports

Câu hỏi 39 Đã bỏ qua

Your test suite S for a program P achieves 100% statement coverage. It consists of three test cases, each of
which achieves 50% statement coverage.
Which of the following statements is CORRECT?
 Correct answer

(C) Every executable statement in P containing a defect has been run at least once during
the execution of S

(A) Executing S will cause all possible failures in P

(B) S achieves 100% branch coverage for P

(D) After removing one test case from S, the remaining two test cases will still achieve
100% statement coverage

Giải thích tổng thể

FL-4.3.1
(A) Is not correct. A line with a defect, when executed, does not have to cause a failure. For example, a
line x := y / z will cause a failure only when z equals 0
(B) Is not correct. 100% statement coverage does not guarantee 100% branch coverage. For example,
a test case with x=0 for the code 1. IF (x=0) THEN 2. A; 3. ENDIF achieves 100% statement coverage
but does not cover the branch from 1 to 3
(C) Is correct. 100% statement coverage means that each executable statement was executed at least
once
(D) Is not correct. The removed test case may provide coverage of some statements that are not
covered by either of the other two test cases, in which case the remaining two test cases together will
not achieve 100% statement coverage

Câu hỏi 40 Đã bỏ qua

You are preparing a test execution schedule for executing seven test cases TC 1 to TC 7.
The following figure includes the priorities of these test cases (1=highest priority, 3 = lowest priority).
The figure also shows the dependencies between test cases using arrows. For instance, the arrow from TC
4 to TC 5 means that TC 5 can only be executed if TC 4 was previously executed.
 Which test case should be executed sixth?

TC6

Correct answer

TC3

TC2

TC5

Giải thích tổng thể

FL-5.1.5
We want to run test cases according to their priorities, but we also need to consider the dependencies.
If we only consider priorities, we want to first run TC 5 and TC 7 (highest priority), then TC 1, TC 3, and
TC 4, and finally TC 2 and TC 6 (lowest priority).
However, in order to run TC 7, we need to first run TC 4. In order to run TC 5, we need to run TC 4 and
TC 2, but TC 2 is blocked by TC 1, which should be run prior to TC 2.
So, in order to run priority 1 test cases as early as possible, the first five test cases should be: TC 4 -
TC 7 - TC 1 - TC 2 - TC 5. Next, we need to run TC 3, because it has higher priority than TC 6.
Thus the full schedule will be TC 4 – TC 7 – TC 1 – TC 2 – TC 5 – TC 3 – TC 6. So, the sixth test case
will be TC 3