Day7
GUI Programming
Introduction to GUI Programming
Graphical User Interface (GUI) programming allows users to interact with software applications
through graphical elements like windows, buttons, and text fields. Python provides several
libraries for creating GUIs, with Tkinter being the most commonly used.
Tkinter Overview
● Tkinter is Python's standard GUI (Graphical User Interface) package.
● It is a thin object-oriented layer on top of the Tk GUI toolkit.
● Tk means toolkit
● Tkinter is included with standard installs of Python, So you need not to use pip install
tkinter.
Widgets: Label, Button, Entry, RadioButton, text fields etc
Creating window
Example: Create a window with title “Hello NIET”
It will open up a separate window like this:
Setting size of window
Setting Widgets in the Window's Interior
Widgets are the elements in a GUI application, like buttons, labels, and text boxes. To place
widgets inside a window, we use geometry managers like pack(), grid(), and place().
Change font of the text
Change label color
● Use label.config
● fg for foreground color
● bg for background color
Pack options
pack() also has padding options:
● padx, which pads externally along the x axis.
● pady, which pads externally along the y axis.
● ipadx, which pads internally(within) along the x axis.
● ipady, which pads internally(within) along the y axis.
Side attribute in pack()
Button Widget
● Use Button class to create button objects.
Change Button Text on click
Numeric Widgets
● Numeric widgets allow users to input numbers.
● Common numeric widgets include Scale and Spinbox.
Example: Scale Widget
Example: Spinbox Widget
Boolean Widgets
Boolean widgets represent boolean values (True/False).
The most common boolean widgets are Checkbutton and Radiobutton.
Example: Checkbutton Widget
Example: Radiobutton Widget
Selection Widgets
Selection widgets allow users to select from a list of options.
Common selection widgets include Listbox and Combobox.
Example: Listbox Widget
Example: combobox Widget
String Widgets
String widgets allow users to input and display text.
Common string widgets include Entry and Label.
Example: Entry Widget
Grid
● grid is used to place widgets.
Example: Create a login sample page using grid.
Date Picker
Tkinter does not have a built-in date picker, but you can use the tkcalendar module to add one.
Example: Date Picker
First, install the tkcalendar module:
Color Picker
● Tkinter provides a built-in color picker dialog through the colorchooser module.
Example: Color Picker
Container Widgets
● Container widgets are used to hold other widgets.
● Common container widgets include Frame and PanedWindow.
Example: Frame Widget
Canvas Widget
The Canvas widget is used for drawing shapes, such as lines, circles, and rectangles.
Example to add two numbers
Project: Arithmetic calculator
