Reflection + Revision
Mobile Radio
Communications
KKKT6283 (2022/2023)
Prof. Ir. Dr. Rosdiadee Nordin
Mobile Channel Characteristics
Mobile Channel Characteristics – Large Scale Fading
Mobile Channel Characteristics – Large Scale Fading
Mobile Channel Characteristics – Small Scale Fading
Fading Mitigation Strategies
Fading Mitigation Strategies
Limitation of a Wireless Channel
Claude Shannon
Father of the Information Age
Early Years of 5G
Concept and Experimental Research
‘Emerging Trends in 5G/IMT2020’, Sept, 2016
https://www.itu.int/en/membership/documents/missions/gva-
____________________________________
mission-briefing-5g-28sept2016.pdf
Mohammed H. Alsharif, Rosdiadee Nordin, "Evolution Towards Fifth Generation (5G) Wireless Networks:
Current Trends and Challenges in the Deployment of Millimetre Wave, Massive MIMO, and Small Cells",
Telecommunication Systems, 64(4):617-637, April 2017
Ref: “3GPP charts the next chapter of 5G standards”,
https://www.qualcomm.com/news/onq/2019/12/13/3gpp-charts-next-chapter-5g-standards
Mobile Network Planning and Operation
Mobile Network
Drive Test
RSSI
0
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350
-20
-40
-60
-80
-100
-120
-140
Mobile Planning and Operations
Classification RSS range Indicator
Excellent > -70 dBm Green
Good -70 to -85 dBm Yellow
GNetTrack (Lite) Fair -86 to -95 dBm Mustard
Poor -96 to – 109 dBm Orange
No Signal < -110 dBm Red
Rosdiadee Nordin, Hafizal Mohamad, Mehran Behjati, Anabi Hilary Kelechi, Nordin Ramli,
Kentaro Ishizu, Fumihide Kojima, Mahamod Ismail & Mushrifah Idris, "The World-First
Deployment of Narrowband IoT for Rural Hydrological Monitoring in UNESCO Biosphere
Environment", 2017 IEEE 4th International Conference on Smart Instrumentation,
Measurement and Application (ICSIMA)
Link Budget & Coverage Prediction
Mobile Planning and Operations
Summary
Mobile Fading Fading Mitigation Mobile
Channels Strategies Planning &
Operations
• Large-scale fading • Frequency diversity • Stages in mobile
• Small-scale fading • Time diversity industry
• Space diversity • Plan: Link budget &
• Diversity combining coverage prediction
• Operation: Drive test
Conclusions
Mobile network always evolve to cater for growing demands from the subscribers, driven by
various innovative applications for the past decades.
However, the majority of challenges is to address the mobile fading channels, such as path loss
and multipath effect
The mobile network evolution require extension, modification and addition of several new
diversity techniques and networking technologies
This is to ensure that the mobile systems able to increase the capacity, improve coverage and
efficiency to meet the Quality of Service by the subscribers
Imporant Advice for Test 2
• The answers that I’m looking for is not from any random Google search
results – should be within the topics and syllabus that have been
covered
• Yes, ChatGPT can help you find the answers, but doesn’t really mean
the ML is 100% accurate
• The answer should reflect that you have fully understood and have
acquired the theories, knowledge and skills from the course
• Some of the questions evaluate your higher orders of thinking (realistic
assumption, decision making, etc) and also aim to test your critical
thinking
Thank you and all the best!
