IPC-4413

Specification for Finished

Fabric Woven from Low Dk
Glass for Printed Boards

Developed by the Woven Glass Reinforcement Task Group (3-12D)

of the Base Materials General Committee 3-10 of IPC

Users of this publication are encouraged to participate in the

development of future revisions.

Contact:

IPC
3000 Lakeside Drive, Suite 105N
Bannockburn, Illinois
60015-1249
Tel 847 615.7100
Fax 847 615.7105
December 2023 IPC-4413

Table of Contents
1 SCOPE ................................................................. 1 1.11.14.1 Broken Pick.........................................................3
1.2 Purpose................................................................1 1.11.14.2 Mis-picks.............................................................3
1.3 Designation.........................................................1 1.11.15 Plain Weave.........................................................3
1.4 Classification.......................................................1 1.11.16 Splits...................................................................3
1.5 Measurement Units.............................................1 1.11.17 Spread Glass Fabric............................................3
1.6 Definition of Requirements.................................1 1.11.18 Tears....................................................................3
1.7 Process Control Requirements............................1 1.11.19 TEX System........................................................3
1.8 Order of Precedence............................................1 1.11.20 Waste...................................................................3
1.8.1 Conflict...............................................................2 1.11.21 Waviness.............................................................3
1.8.2 Clause References...............................................2 1.12 Yarn Nomenclature.............................................3
1.8.3 Appendices..........................................................2 1.12.1 US System...........................................................3
1.8.3.1 Appendix A.........................................................2 1.12.2 SI/Metric.............................................................4
1.8.3.2 Appendix B.........................................................2 1.12.3 Conversion from US System to SI......................4
1.8.3.3 Appendix C.........................................................2
2 APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS .............................. 4
1.9 Use of “Lead”.....................................................2
2.2 American Society for Testing and Materials
1.10 Abbreviations and Acronyms..............................2
(ASTM) ..............................................................4
1.11 Terms and Definitions.........................................2
2.3 International Standards.......................................4
1.11.2 Bias Filling Yarns................................................2
2.4 National Conference of Standards Laboratories
1.11.3 Bow Filling Yarns................................................2 (NCSL)................................................................4
1.11.4 Creases................................................................2
1.11.5 Defects................................................................2 3 REQUIREMENTS................................................. 5
3.2 Filament Diameter..............................................5
1.11.5.1 Major Defect.......................................................2
3.3 Bare Glass Nominal Measurement.....................6
1.11.5.2 Minor Defect.......................................................2
3.4 Chemical Requirements......................................6
1.11.5.3 Defect per Hundred Units...................................2
3.4. 1 Finish Level (Organic Content).......................6
1.11.6 Low Dk Glass (Electrical Grade Glass Fiber)....2
3.5 Workmanship......................................................6
1.11.6.1 Permittivity (Dielectric Constant) for Base Low
Dk Glass..............................................................2 3.6 Alternate Fabric Styles and Weaves....................6

1.11.6.2 Density................................................................2
4 QUALITY ASSURANCE....................................... 6
1.11.7 End Missing........................................................3 4.2 Responsibility for Inspection..............................7
1.11.8 Feather Length....................................................3 4.2.1 Test Equipment and Inspection Facilities...........7
1.11.9 Fabric Finish.......................................................3 4.2.2 Preparation of Samples.......................................7
1.11.10 Fish Eye..............................................................3 4.2.3 Standard Laboratory Conditions.........................7
1.11.11 Leno End Out......................................................3 4.3 Inspection Requirements and Acceptability........7
1.11.12 Lot or Batch Size................................................3 4.3.1 Sample Size.........................................................7
1.11.13 Mark....................................................................3 4.3.2 Sampling Plans...................................................8
1.11.13.1 Heavy Mark........................................................3 4.3.3 Acceptable Quality Level (AQL)........................8
1.11.13.2 Light Mark..........................................................3 4.4 Test Methods ......................................................8
1.11.14 Pick.....................................................................3 4.4.1 Fabric Appearance..............................................8

Copyright 2023 by IPC International, Inc. All rights reserved. v

IPC-4413 December 2023

4.4.2 Fabric Count........................................................8 Tables

4.4.3 Weave Type.........................................................8 Table 3-1 Classification of Defects ....................................5

4.4.4 Fabric Thickness.................................................8 Table 3-2 Filament Diameter Designations ........................5

4.4.5 Weight per Unit Area..........................................9 Table 3-3 Nominal Length per Weight ...............................6

4.4.6 Fabric Length......................................................9 Table 4-1 Sample Size per Number of Rolls Shipped ........7

4.4.7 Fabric Width........................................................9 Table 4-2 Sample Size per Yardage of Individual
Roll Shipped and the Acceptable
4.4.8 Finish Level (Organic Content)..........................9
Quality Level.......................................................7
4.4.9 Bias or Bowed Filling.........................................9
Table A1-1 Cross Reference to ISO Standards....................11
5 PREPARATION FOR DELIVERY ........................10 Table AI-2 Cross Reference Between IPC-4413,
5.2 Packing..............................................................10 ASTM and ISO Documents .............................11
5.3 Marking.............................................................10 Table BI-1 Finished Glass Styles for SI System.................13
Table BI-2 Finished Glass Styles for US System................14
6 NOTES ...............................................................10
6.2 New Styles........................................................10

APPENDIX A.....................................................................11

APPENDIX B.................................................................... 13

APPENDIX C.................................................................... 15

vi Copyright 2023 by IPC International, Inc. All rights reserved.

December 2023 IPC-4413

Specification for Finished Fabric Woven from

Low Dk Glass for Printed Boards

1 SCOPE
This specification covers finished fabrics woven from low Dk electrical grade glass fiber yarns that are intended as a reinforcing
material in laminated plastics for electrical and electronic use. All fabrics covered by this specification are plain weave.

1.2 Purpose This specification determines the nomenclature, definitions, general and chemical requirements for the glass, and
physical requirements for finished woven glass fiber fabrics.

1.3 Designation Appendix II of this standard provides a style designator for each finished fabric glass style, with specifications
on yarn, fabric count, thickness and weight in both SI and US system. Fabrics listed in Appendix II also categorize fabrics by
their current availability status.

1.4 Classification

CLASS 1 General Electronic Products Includes products suitable for applications where the major requirement is function of
the completed assembly.

CLASS 2 Dedicated Service Electronic Products Includes products where continued performance and extended life is required,
and for which uninterrupted service is desired but not critical. Typically, the end-use environment would not cause failures.

CLASS 3 High Performance/Harsh Environment Electronic Products Includes products where continued high performance or
performance-on-demand is critical, equipment downtime cannot be tolerated, end-use environment may be uncommonly
harsh, and the equipment must function when required, such as life support or other critical systems.

1.5 Measurement Units All dimensions and tolerances in this specification are expressed in hard SI (metric) units and
bracketed soft imperial [inch] units. Users of this specification are expected to use metric dimensions. All dimensions ≥ 1 mm
[0.0394 in] will be expressed in millimeters and inches. All dimensions < 1 mm [0.0394 in] will be expressed in micrometers
and microinches.

1.6 Definition of Requirements The words shall or shall not are used in the text of this document wherever there is a
requirement for materials, preparation, process control or acceptance.
The word “should” reflects recommendations and is used to reflect general industry practices and procedures for guidance only.
Line drawings and illustrations are depicted herein to assist in the interpretation of the written requirements of this Standard.
The text takes precedence over the figures.

1.7 Process Control Requirements The primary goal of process control is to continually reduce variation in the processes,
products, or services to provide products or processes meeting or exceeding User requirements. Process control tools such as
IPC-9191, JESD557 or other User-approved system may be used as guidelines for implementing process control.
Manufacturers of Class 3 products shall develop and implement a documented process control system.
A documented process control system, if established, shall define process control and corrective action limits.
This may or may not be a statistical process control system. The use of “statistical process control” (SPC) is optional and
should be based on factors such as design stability, lot size, production quantities, and the needs of the Manufacturer, see 4.1.
Process control methodologies shall be used in the planning, implementation and evaluation of the manufacturing processes
used to produce soldered electrical and electronic assemblies. The philosophy, implementation strategies, tools and techniques
may be applied in different sequences depending on the specific company, operation, or variable under consideration to relate
process control and capability to end product requirements.
When a decision or requirement is to use a documented process control system, failure to implement process corrective action
and/or the use of continually ineffective corrective actions would be grounds for disapproval of the process and associated
documentation.

1.8 Order of Precedence The contract takes precedence over this Standard, referenced standards and drawings. In the event
of conflict, the following order of precedence applies:

Copyright 2023 by IPC International, Inc. All rights reserved. 1