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Introduction To Automation

The document outlines the concept of automation, categorizing it into manufacturing and service automation, with examples including robots and CNC machines. It details three types of automation: fixed, programmable, and flexible, each with distinct characteristics and production capabilities. Additionally, it discusses production types such as job shop, batch, and mass production, highlighting the attributes and advantages of each automation type.

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Dan Villanueva
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60 views38 pages

Introduction To Automation

The document outlines the concept of automation, categorizing it into manufacturing and service automation, with examples including robots and CNC machines. It details three types of automation: fixed, programmable, and flexible, each with distinct characteristics and production capabilities. Additionally, it discusses production types such as job shop, batch, and mass production, highlighting the attributes and advantages of each automation type.

Uploaded by

Dan Villanueva
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Definition

It is a technology dealing with the application of mechatronics computers for production of goods and services Automation is broadly classified into manufacturing automation service automation
Examples: robots, CNC machine tools, ASRS, security systems, CAD/CAM systems, logistics support tools, automated inspection systems, material handling systems

Types of Automation
Fixed automation custom-engineered, special-purpose equipment to automate a fixed sequence of operations
high production rates, inflexible product design

Programmable automation equipment designed to accommodate a specific class of product changes


batch production, medium volume

Flexible automation designed to manufacture a variety of products or parts


low production rates, varying product design and demand

Programmable Automation
Weaving programmable looms Musical instruments

Many batch-processed products Brackets, hinges, door knobs, locks

Types of Automation
Attributes and advantages

Fixed: GE 1.5 billion light bulbs per year Programmable: CNC machines used in batch production Flexible: Honda (113 motorcycle models in 18 months)

Production Volume and Variety

Flexible versus Fixed Automation


Capital intensity: the mix of equipment and human skills
the greater the relative cost of equipment, the higher the capital intensity the higher the capital intensity, the greater the degree of automation Resource Flexibility: the ease with which the equipment and employees can handle a wide variety of resources

Example
Gillette South Boston Plant makes Sensor Excel Cartridges 1.5 to 2 billion cartridges/year 100 cartridges/minute/line
Major processes: injection molding
500 ton, 32 cavity molds ($ 1M) machines, 20 second cycle time

extrusion others: grinding, stamping, welding, assembly bottlenecks in assembly: injection molding and part feeding

Time to market: 24 months Capital cost: $200 million Estimated life cycle: 6-8 years

Types of Production
Job shop production
specific orders from customers generally characterized by low volumes general purpose equipment, skilled workers

Batch production
medium lot sizes produced at regular intervals at a rate that exceeds the demand general purpose equipment designed for a higher production rate

Mass production
manufacture of products in large lot sizes continuous, specialized manufacture of identical products fixed automation

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