EXCEL

Module 1: Introduction to Excel

I.Overview:
Microsoft Excel is a spreadsheet application that is part of the Microsoft Office suite. It’
s like a digital ledger where you can input, organize, and manipulate data. Here's a dee
per dive:
What is Excel?
 Data Organization: Excel organizes data in rows and columns, which form a grid of cells.
 Formulas and Functions: These allow you to perform calculations ranging from simple arithm
etic to complex statistical operations.
 Data Analysis: Tools like PivotTables and data filters enable you to summarize and analyze lar
ge datasets.
 Visualization: Excel can create charts and graphs to visually represent your data, making patt
erns and trends easier to understand.
 Automation: Through macros and Visual Basic for Applications (VBA), repetitive tasks can be
automated, saving time and effort.
Why is Excel Used?
 Versatility: Whether you’re budgeting, managing projects, or analyzing research data, Excel c
an handle it.
 Efficiency: Excel's ability to automate tasks and perform complex calculations quickly makes it
a powerful tool for productivity.
 Visualization: Charts and graphs help to make sense of data visually, aiding in better decision
-making.
 Accessibility: Excel Online allows for collaboration and accessibility from anywhere, enhancin
g flexibility.
 Integration: Excel integrates seamlessly with other Microsoft Office applications and various d
ata formats, making it a go-to tool for data management and reporting.
Simply put, Excel is a powerhouse for data handling, analysis, and presentation.

TERMS TO KNOW:
a. Ribbon – toolbar at the top of the window, where you find all the commands and features. It’s
designed to make it easier to navigate and find what you need.
 Tabs- Home, Insert, Pag Layout, Formuals, Data, Review, and View
 Groups – within each tab, commands are further organized into groups. For instance,
the Home tab includes groups like Clipboard, Font, Alignment, and Number.
 Commands- actual buttons you click to perform actions.
 b. Cells – individual boxes you see on the grid. They are the building blocks of a spreadsheet,
where you enter data, formulas, and functions. Each cell is identified by its location in the grid.
Defined by a column letter and a row number. Everything you want to do in a spreadsheet
starts with a cell.
 Data Entry – You can type numbers, text, dates, or formulas into cells.
 Formatting- Cells can be formatted to change their appearance, like adjusting font size,
color, or applying borders.
 References – Cells can reference each other in formulas. Allowing you to perform
calculations using the data in other cells.
 Size- you can adjust the height and width of cells to fit your data.
c. ROWS – runs horizontally across the spreadsheet and numbered along the left side.
d. COLUMNS – run vertically and labeled with letters at the top.
e. WORKBOOK- excel file that contains one or more worksheets (spreadsheet). What you call an
excel file.

II. Basic Navigation:

III. Entering Data:
1. Numerical Cell
- Contains numbers only
- Used for calculations, data analysis, and numerical comparisons
- Can be formatted as currency, percentages, dates, etc.
- Can be used directly in mathematical formulas
2. Text Cell
- contains letters, symbols, or a combination of letters and numbers.
- used for labels, descriptions, and data that isn’t meant for calculations
- can be formatted for font style, size, color, etc.
- treated as text in formulas. For example, in cell B1, if you have the text “Hello”, trying to use it in a
calculation formula like =B1=10 will result in an error.
IV. Basic Functions:
1. SUM () – adds up a range of cells
=SUM(A1:A10)
2. SUMIF/SUMIFS - adds up cells that meet specific criteria
=SUMIF(range, criteria, [sum_range])
-range: the range of cells you want to evaluate against the criteria.
- criteria: the condition that must be met for a cell’s value to be included in the sum.
- sum_range: (Optional) the actual range of cells to sum. If omitted, Excel will sum the values in
the range parameter.
3. AVERAGE ()- Calculate the average of a range of cells
=AVERAGE(A1:A10)
4. MIN ()- Find the smallest number in a range of cells
=MIN(A1:A10)
5. MAX () – Finds the largest number in a range of cells
 =MAX(A1:A10)
6. COUNT()- counts the number cells that contain numbers in a range.
=COUNT(A1:A10)
7. COUNTA – counts cells that contain numbers and text.
=COUNTA(A1:A10)
8. IF()- Perform a logical test and returns one value if true, and another value if false.
=IF(A1>10, "Over 10", "10 or under")
= IF(logical_test, value if true, value if false)
9. VLOOKUP()-Searches for a value in the first column of a range and returns a value in the same
row from a specified column.
=VLOOKUP(lookup_value, table_array, col_index_num, [range_lookup])
- lookup_value: the value you want to search for in the first column of the table
- table_array: the range of cells that contains the data you want to search
- col_index_num: the column number in the table from which to retrieve the value
- range_lookup: (Optional) A logical value that specifies whether to find an exact match
(FALSE) or an approximate match (TRUE).

10. HLOOKUP() – similar to VLOOKUP, but searches for a value in the top row of a range and
returns a value in the same column from a specified row.
=HLOOKUP(lookup_value, table_array, row_index_num, [range_lookup])
11. CONCATENATE()- joins several text strings into one.
=CONCATENATE(A1, " ", B1)
V. Saving and Opening Files:
VI. Simple Formatting:
a. bold, italics, cell color, and borders.
VII. Practice Exercise:
VIII. Q&A Session:

EXERCISE 1: Compute and answer what is asked in an excel file using the different
commands discussed.
ITEM CATEGORY UNIT COST QUANTITY TOTAL COST
(PHP)
Cement Structural 400 15
Tiles Finishing 200 75
Foam boards Insulation 250 25
Hardwood Flooring 180 15
Pipes Plumbing 120 2
10 mm rebar Structural 541 44
(5m)
THHN wire Electrical 18 3
Shingles Roofing 3000 50
Gravel Structural 2200 4
 Paint Finishing 200 5
Sand Structural 1800 3
Fiberglass Insulating 252 20
Metal sheets Roofing 2267 6
Switch Electrical 110 4
Faucet Plumbing 500 2
Toilet Plumbing 8000 1
Outlet Electrical 200 6
OVERALL COST

i.Total cost of each Item.

ii.Overall cost.
iii.Create a table to show the number of items per category and how much is the cost per category.
iv. Determine the maximum cost among the categories.
v. Determine the minimum cost among the categories.
vi. Determine the number of items with unit cost more than PHP1000.00.