Explanation

Today we’re delving into a topic that resonates deeply with the most of us, Coping
with stress in middle and late adolescence. As it has been mentioned , the ages of
middle adolescence range from 14-16 and late adolescence. In this We will be
discussing the Unique challenges and stressors that may arise in these
developmental stages , and of course coping mechanisms that will serve as a guide
to a healthy life
Before discussion – what is stress - Nava
a. Stress is universal ( lahat ay nakakaranas)
b. There are a lot of words that can be associated by stress such as
 Anxiety
 Pressure
 Misery
 Strain
 Desperation
 Tension
 Anger
 Panic
 Dejection
e. Why is stress common among adolescents?
As mention by the early reporters stress is common for our age, because of different
challenges we face throughout the adolescence stage, if I can recall these are the
Biological ( ex: Stress Hormones: When you encounter a stressor, your body
releases stress hormones such as cortisol and adrenaline.) , Cognitive ( Selecting a
course in college) , and Psychological challenges.

Now that I’ve stated earlier the negative side of stress "Do you think stress is
always harmful, or could it sometimes be helpful? Have you ever experienced a
situation where stress actually motivated or pushed you to perform better? Or do
we keep seeing this stress as a threat rather than an opportunity to grow"

I. Slide 6 -7 Defining stress - Nava

a. It is a reaction- explain how and why
b. Why is there a common belief that stress is unhealthy
Slide 8- Fugado
A. Psychologists have agreed that a small sporadic amounts of stress can
benefit individuals. Example - pressure of an upcoming exam. This stress
can motivate the student to focus, study harder, and manage their time more
effectively. The heightened alertness and drive triggered by the stress help
them perform well during the exam
B. But , While excessive amounts of stress sustained over a lengthy period of
time can be destructed to both physical and mental health. Now The
upcoming exam can become a source of excessive stress if not
managed properly, not only physically which may experience
headaches, fatigue, or even insomnia and can cause burnouts to
students, memory loss and affect academic performance.

Slide 9- Psychologists studies - Nava

A. Hans Selye- Father of stress research,
introduced the concept of “eustress”- is associated with positive outcomes/positive
stress that can motivate and improve performance.
Eustress, it is challenging yet manageable and leads to growth, Distress on the
other hand is a difficult situation and has a bnegative impact.
Eustress and distress are terms that categorize different types of stress. At one end
of the spectrum is distress, which involves negative feelings and is often a difficult
experience. At the other end is eustress, which is challenging but rewarding.
People can experience eustress when they feel confident in their ability to solve a
problem or cope with a situation. For example, they may feel stressed about an
exam but know that they have prepared enough to be able to do it. Afterward, they
might feel a sense of accomplishment or pride.
In comparison, distress can occur when a person feels unable to cope or out of their
depth. For example, if a person has not studied for a forthcoming exam, they may
feel anxious or panicked.
However, distress is not inherently damaging. In some cases, people who initially
feel distressed in a situation may become motivated to address a problem, leading
to better outcomes in the future. Their experience of the stress may also change
over time.
Using the example above, a person who is not prepared for an exam might create a
study plan so that they can perform better next time. Alternatively, they might feel
distressed before the exam but then realize that they are more capable than they
had believed. In this case, their feelings might change from distress to eustress.
Distress can also occur in situations that are beneficial. For example, a person may
feel distress when they break up with a partner, even though they know that doing
so is what is best for them.

Now do not confuse positive situations with positive emotions, for I example,
ikakasal ka, beneficial situation yun but this can bring negative emotions such as
anxiety , nervousness or panicking
b . Kelly McGonigal, a health psychologist, argues that stress can actually be
beneficial if we perceive it positively. In her book "The Upside of Stress," she
explains that our mindset about stress plays a crucial role in determining its impact
on us.
When we view stress as a challenge or an opportunity for growth rather than a
threat, it can lead to positive outcomes. This positive perception can enhance our
ability to cope, improve performance, and even boost overall well-being.
McGonigal's research suggests that changing our mindset about stress—seeing it as
something that can help us grow rather than just a source of anxiety—can transform
how stress affects our health and performance.

c. Example ko na rin is this report. If I view this presentation as a stressful

burden for the past few weeks which to be honest that’s what I’ve been really
been feeling, it can result to me being overwhelmed and anxious, and can
even contribute to the performance of our report, kaya na stress talaga ako in
a negative way. In an alternate universe perhaps maybe if I viewed this report
in a positive manner, I would’ve been motivated the whole week preparing.
In short , Stress can be turned into a positive way when you perceive it in a
positive way based on the upside of stress
D. What if lets say , There is a situation that you can’t perceive in a positive
manner, kunwari one of your recent loved ones died. It’s perfectly okay to
acknowledge that some situations are simply too painful or challenging to view in a
positive light. In such a scenario, it’s important to recognize that it's okay not to be
okay. It’s perfectly normal to struggle with intense emotions and to find it difficult to
see any positives. Allow yourself to grieve and process these feelings without the
pressure to transform them into something positive. And we cant just force
positivity into situations, katulad ng message dun sa inside out that the applicable
emotions should be used In situations like this and life is just more than boundless
positivity
Slide 11- Stress as a stimulus
Nava - Aside from being a reaction (or response), stress is also a stimulus, meaning
it can be defined as anything that triggers a physiological, emotional, or behavioral
reaction as well as a relational condition between persons and the situations they
are in ( Feist and Rosenberg 2012) – provides an overview of various psychological
disorders, including the concept of stress and its effects on mental health.
Slide 12 Iglesias- example,
a. - Moving Into a New Home- When moving into a new home, you are greeted by
different kinds of emotional reactions such as sadness or grief evoked by leaving
familiar faces behind, This sense of loss is often linked to the emotional attachment
people have to their previous homes. There could also be anxiety and concerns
about adapting to a new environment and making new friends. Our behavioral
reactions also tend to change as this disrupts our daily routine, Social interaction
and activity level.

b. - Getting a new Job- A common cause of stress is dealing with life’s transitions.
When we get a new job this new job can be a significant stressor due to the
numerous changes and uncertainties involved. Adapting to a new work
environment, understanding new responsibilities, and building relationships with
new colleagues can create considerable anxiety and stress

Both of these events are said to be stressors, these are things or situations that
cause stress. Stressors trigger a response in the body and mind, leading to feelings
of tension, anxiety, or frustration. In essence, stressors are the sources of stress
that disrupt our sense of balance and well-being.
C. Nava- How do we know our stressors? First of all , how is the situation
affecting you , and how are you allowing it to affect you. For example As a
student, a big final exam can be a significant stressor, causing anxiety,
making it hard to focus, and leading to sleepless nights. This stress might
make you procrastinate, heighten stress with last-minute cramming, and
withdraw from social activities, but recognizing its impact helps you manage
it better by creating a study plan, taking breaks, and seeking support.

D. Nava - How did I identify this as a stressor, I identified the upcoming final
exam as a stressor by noticing the anxiety and physical symptoms it
triggered, such as trouble sleeping and difficulty concentrating. I also
observed that my emotional state was affected, leading to feelings of
overwhelm and worry about my performance. Additionally, I realized my
behavior changed—I was procrastinating more and withdrawing from social
 activities. Recognizing these signs helped me see that the exam was
significantly impacting my well-being.
E. Now there is a certain relationship of stress between a stimulus and a
response, so like what I mentioned earlier, a stimulus is an internal factor that
triggers a reaction, which is either physiological, emotional, or behavioral
reaction. Now ano naman yung stress in the context of response? So ito na
nga yung reaction sa stimulus, take over,

Slide 13 – Delmo K , Stress as response

a. Stress as a response - Is the way the body reacts to challenging

situations. This involves the interaction between hormones, glands,
and the nervous system.
b. As stated earlier, there are examples of stress as a stimulus, and how it
triggered a certain individual in terms of psychological, emotional, and
behavioral aspects, How was this possible?

Morillo- It is because of the adrenal gland , these are small, triangular-

shaped glands located on top of each kidney that produce essential
hormones, including adrenaline, cortisol, and aldosterone. These
hormones help regulate stress responses, metabolism, blood pressure,
and various physiological processes in the body. Which is responsible
for the production of cortisol called as the stress hormone it helps
manage stress, control metabolism, and regulate immune responses.

Delmo K- example

Slide 14 , Marquez- Prolonged or chronic situations that involve both

cortisol and norepinephrine will eventually affect the body to wear
down fast. This is the reason why prolonged or chronic stress often
causes fatigue, aging, and illness caused by low immune system

A. Prolonged or chronic situations as we call them, are ongoing and

persistent stressors or problems that last for an extended
period, for example As a student, a chronic situation might be
constantly struggling with a heavy course load and demanding
assignments over an entire semester. This ongoing stress can
lead to persistent fatigue, anxiety, and even burnout, affecting
both physical health and academic performance, Cortisol is a
hormone that helps manage stress and regulate important body
functions, while norepinephrine boosts alertness and energy.
When these are high for too long, they can cause the body to
wear out quickly by keeping it in a constant state of stress,
 leading to fatigue and health problems, In the situation I have
provided, the constant use of these hormones caused my body
to wear down fast.

Slide 15- Fernandez , Stress as Relational

-Is when a person experiencing stress takes a step back to look at the situation that
is causing the stress and assesses it. Assessment here means that when
the person allow reasoning to prevail and weighs the relevance or irrelevance of the
situation,
a. When a person experiencing stress takes a step back to evaluate the situation,
they are engaging in cognitive appraisal or stress evaluation. This process
involves using reasoning to assess the significance of the stressful event. By
considering whether the stressor is relevant or irrelevant, and weighing its impact,
the person can determine how to respond more effectively, potentially reducing the
feeling of stress.
b. Example , As a student, if you're anxious about a group project, cognitive
appraisal involves assessing the project’s demands, considering how much work
you've already completed, and figuring out how to divide tasks effectively with your
team, which can help manage your stress.

Delmo D.- in addition to that, If the relevance is positive the person will
look at it in a more positive light. If the relevance is negative, this will
produce negative emotions that will lead to stress. Lets make this as an
example : An example of this is a flight delay. A positive relevance to this
will have the person thinking this is one situation he has no control of, and
there may be a purpose or reason why it is happening. A negative
relevance will produce agitation and impatience, blaming the airline or
whoever is responsible of the delay, which may result in loss of
opportunities

Slide 16- Nava Healthy Stress

- Moving on unto, healthy stress. Before we discuss , here is
a very short clip that I want everyone to watch.
a. Ask, “ Ano kaya ang nararamdaman nung babe
habang on stage, masaya ba siya or malungkot ,
natatakot ba siya?”
b. “Kung kayo ang tatanungin, nakaranas na ba kayo
ng sitwasyon kung saan hindi kayo kinabahan bago
mag perform o kaya mag present o kaya mag
recite?” Kung gagawin natin example ang nakaraan
 na katutubong sayaw, If I noticed madami rin ako
narinig na kinakabahan diba.
c. “So yung output ng katutubong sayaw natin , yung
halong pagka nervous and excitement it has led
into a better performance” I did mention earlier the
concept of eustress which motivates an individual
and prepare them to perform well

Ortua- basahin ang definition ng healthy stress.

A. Certain types of stress can benefit a person, like the
clip provided , Some stress can be helpful. Short-term
stress can motivate and energize a person, leading
them to take positive and productive actions.

Slide 17 – Nava , transforming bad stress into good stress

- As mentioned a few times earlier, in Kelly’s book the

upside of stress by changing your mindset about it.
Instead of viewing stress as a negative experience, you
can see it as an opportunity for growth and challenge.
Embracing stress with a positive attitude, focusing on how
it can help you rise to the occasion, and using stress to
motivate yourself can convert it into a productive force
that enhances performance and well-being. Now this
depends on how we assess a certain situation. But how?
Given the example that adolescent students like us are in
constant stress from schoolwork to relationships, to
decision making to demands and expectations
- We should know the concept of coping mechanisms ,
remember Coping mechanisms are strategies or methods
used to handle stress and manage how it affects us. They
play a crucial role in determining whether stress remains
positive and motivating (good stress) or becomes
overwhelming and harmful (bad stress).
- Effective coping mechanisms include, problem solving- Of
course you cannot avoid stress-in fact you wouldn’t want
to avoid all stress because you’d never grow then.
However, you can manage your life so that you survive
the emotional downtimes. Ineffective coping mechanisms
like avoiding it, can lead to bigger problems
Slide 18 – Nava Two types of stressors –
 a. The Mayo Clinic is a famous medical center in the
U.S. known for providing excellent patient care,
conducting advanced research, and offering
medical education.
b. Internal stressors come from within an individual
and are related to their own thoughts, feelings, and
beliefs. These stressors arise from how a person
perceives and interprets situations, their self-talk,
and their expectations. For example, an adolescent
might feel stressed due to self-doubt about their
abilities, fear about their future, or anxiety about
meeting personal goals. These internal stressors
are driven by personal perceptions and mental
processes, rather than external situations or
events.
External stressors are challenges that come from
outside an individual and impact their stress levels.
Examples include academic pressures from difficult
exams, conflicts or changes in family dynamics,
social challenges like peer pressure or bullying,
demands from extracurricular activities, and major
life changes such as moving to a new city. These
external factors influence daily life and
responsibilities, often adding to an adolescent's
overall stress.

b. In short ang external stressors they come from outside an

individual. They are situational and can be directly observed or
experienced in the environment around the person.
c. Internal stressors, on the other hand, originate from within an
individual and involve personal thoughts, feelings, and beliefs. In
my point of view lang ah,correct me if im wrong, its more like a
cognitive challenge because saakin nag originate, walang nag
evoke
Slide 19- Nava ( School demands and expectations)
a. The feeling of academic validation is such music to my ears, and I know in
this class marami satin ang nag aaim ng academic validation in the form of
grades and studying, recitations and performance, However hindi lang pwede
na nakatunganga lang sa klase, this process involves a lot of hard work,
dedication and of course- loads of stress. Lalo na if you’re not naturally smart,
In my experience, in the first week of senior high, I was super stressed since I
had to transition into a new environment, I had to make an impression, I had
to learn to wake up early again since afternoon shift ako last year, As I did
mention I had identified that this, this was my stressor, Transferring into a
new school triggered my emotions, I felt drained and unexplainably weird, in
 terms of psychological reactions- my mind was repeatedly saying that I
cannot make it this year, I need to drop off, or I simply just want to go back to
that student who quite did aimed high last school year and now it seemed
like everything was back to reset. As a response to this stress hormone I had,
I felt fatigued and wear down. But of course- right now I had learned to cope
with it. How? I tried organizing my schedule, learned to evaluate myself and
to stop comparing who I was before to who I am right now. In senior high
school , especially college, there will be people who are smarter than you, but
that doesn’t mean you are less smart than who you were before or right now

Marquez- Grades not only reflect what students have learned but are also used by
the educational system to assess learning capacity, which can create stress as
students strive to meet these expectations and demonstrate their abilities.

Morillo – The stress felt by graduating senior high school students are on a high
level to those who are eager to achieve a high gpa in order for them to be accepted
in their dream school, or could be financial difficulty, questions come to mind
especially the “will I be able to continue my studies?” There are also students who
never take failure as an option , this results to sleepless nights and damage not only
physically but psychologically, emotionally and mentally. To those college students
who repeatedly had failed which causes delay in graduating is also a factor of stress

Slide 20- Selecting a school,college, course or career , Delmo D.

a. Before entering college , questions pop into our mind such as “Amm I really
sure if I should take this course?” The regret I will feel later on because I did
not take my dream course will cause me a lot of stress. Or perhaps the
University I should choose, “ Is this where I really want to study? Will this
provide me a better education?” , Sa mga nagtake ng UPCAT this year ,
madami na kong Nakita sa tiktok and tv how stressed they were before the
taking the exam, This is a type of healthy stress, as this motivates them to
work in their highest potential.
Delmo k. – As an upcoming student of college , after a year, how do you
think this will affect you, and paano mo mamamanage ( ikaw mag explain
niyan)
Fernandez – Di sa pinapastress ko kayo but , “Where do you think you will
do or end up doing after college”
 - Di ko na ginawan ng explanation toh since Madali nang i-
explain

Slide 21- Ortua- Separation Anxiety

Explain the concept of attachment or temporary ending or separation with
friends
Sudden want or urge to go back
Give examples of separation anxiety

Osayan-
Explain the stress this causes
Advise about adapting
How to cope with separation anxiety (such as technology being a big help
because communication with long-distance love ones is possible because of
going online, texting, or calling.

Slide 22 College life, Delmo K.

A. College life can be stressful, especially when meeting new people, because it
involves adapting to a new environment, forming new social connections, and
navigating diverse social dynamics. The pressure to fit in, make friends, and
establish a social network can create anxiety and add to the overall stress of
adjusting to college life.

Marquez- College is a crucial stepping stone to adulthood, offering

opportunities to develop independence, build essential life skills, and explore
career interests. Kaya pabigat na ng pabigat yung responsibilad mo, If hindi
mo kaya mag adapt there is a chance na mas lumala ang pag transition mo
into an adult for example , yung mga student na nag rarely parin sa
magulang in terms of pag bubudget ng finances, kung hindi niya kaya toh
manhandle mas mahihirapan ang isang indibidwal na makaadapt pag siya na
ang namumuhay mag isa

Fugado- Give ways on how to cope with stress in college

Slide 23 – Marquez
Romantic Relationships and the lack of it
 Explain how adolescents feel the urge na magkaroon ng
special someone dahil feeling nila sa mga magkakaibigan sila lang
wala ganun kaya it causes stress
Osayan - Making relationship as a flex or status symbol- pag
nasa isang relasyon ka tingen ng society na you are good looking,
interesting or attractive

Slide 25- Health concerns- Nava

Explain that this is a serious problem to some adolescents given the
fact that their health is on risk
Morillo - Give examples of health concerns maliban ng nandun sa
book
Delmo K- Unwanted pregnancy- the stress it cause to the carrier of the
child , partner and parents

Slide 26 - Demand of social life Nava

Especially to adolescents – explain how the want to be like others
or makisabay sa uso, want what others have and the need to “Fit
in” even when it means changing who you are is a type of stress
Delmo D- Ask anyone if they feel safe and secure in their circle
of friends
How does one be in a social group?- explain how one needs to
be acceptable to others first or fit their standards ( and give an
example)

Fernandez- Explain how being in a group, one must share

common interests “ katulad ng sinabi ni sir ricky- pag mataray
ka , most likely mataray rin mg kaibigan mo”
The stress of being an adolescent with low self esteem and
does not have enough courage to fit in with social groups

Slide 27- Bullying – Fugado

Bullying
1. The stress of being bullied- emotional trauma and psychological trauma
this brings to an individual and how it affects their lives – example a child
who used to be jolly and extraverted versus after being bullied because of
features ex- buck teeth, weight , face, height etc. ( search pictures to be used
 in the presentation of psychological and emotional trauma caused by
bullying)
2. The stress of the one who bullies- explain that bullies are often believed
to also have problems at home,and also need empathy and understanding,
pag may nagtanong kung valid ba na mang bully sila ipractice na ang sagot

I. All of the members-

1. Explain how stress can be good or bad depending on how it is affecting you
and how are you allowing to affect you prepare a detailed explanation
2. What is important to know what stresses you and identifying your stress
situation or stressors- explain what stressors means again bago ipagpatuloy
ang explanation
3. Advice everyone that we should identify how we react when being stressed ,
is your body tense? Are you sleepless , it is important to acknowledge these
reactions or any feelings that arises. Avoid going into denial and saying you
are okay when you are not. Because this can lead to more serious concerns
such as suicidal thoughts or depression etc.
4. Explain the context again of coping mechanism in dealing with
stress, and how it can help dealing in avoiding the damages that may be
brought about by severe or chronic stress to your health and well being.

Slide 28- Nava Coping mechanism

a. Emotion focused- Emotion-focused coping is
termed so because it specifically targets the
emotional responses to stress rather than the
stressor itself. The goal is to alleviate feelings of
anxiety, sadness, or frustration associated with the
situation. This approach helps individuals manage
their emotional reactions and improve their overall
well-being, even if the stressor cannot be changed
or controlled directly.
b. problem-focused coping is about addressing and
solving the stressor itself.
Slide 29-30- all Coping can be a combination of emotion focused or problem
focused

explain niyo na lang antok na ko eh:

Fugado- Conduct creative imagery of the problem
Nava- Seek group or social support
Fernandez- Go into relaxation activities
Ortua- Create a situation where you can feel more relaxed
Iglesias- Learn to manage your time
Osayan - Eat properly
Delmo K- Seek spirtual
Growth
Delmo D- Have a worthwhile
hobby
Marquez- Watch a movie with friends
Morillo- Have a nice , quiet walk with a family member
Iglesias - Believe in yourself

Role play , outro