Fundamentals of Computer
Programming
(CS-110)
Course Instructors:
Dr. Momina Moetesum
Ms. Shakeela Bibi
1
Arrays
• C++ provides a data structure, the array, which stores
a fixed-size sequential collection of elements of the
same type.
• An array is used to store a collection of data, but it is
often more useful to think of an array as a collection
of variables of the same type.
• Instead of declaring individual variables, such as
number0, number1, ..., and number99, you declare
one array variable such as numbers and use
numbers[0], numbers[1], and ..., numbers[99] to
represent individual variables.
• A specific element in an array is accessed by an
index.
• All arrays consist of contiguous memory locations.
The lowest address corresponds to the first element
and the highest address to the last element.
2
Declaring Arrays
To declare an array in C++, the programmer specifies the type of the elements and
the number of elements required by an array as follows:
This is called a single-dimension array. The arraySize must be an integer constant
greater than zero and type can be any valid C++ data type. For example, to declare
a 10-element array called balance of type double, use this statement:
3
Initializing Arrays
You can initialize C++ array elements either one by one or using a single
statement as follows:
The number of values between braces { } can not be larger than the number
of elements that we declare for the array between square brackets [ ].
If you omit the size of the array, an array just big enough to hold the
initialization is created. Therefore, if you write:
4
Assigning and Accessing a single Element
An element is accessed by indexing the array name. This is done by placing
the index of the element within square brackets after the name of the array.
For example:
The above statement will take 10th element from the array and assign the
value to salary variable.
5
Example
6
Acknowledgment
• Content of these slides are taken from:
• https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/
• https://www.tutorialspoint.com/
• https://www.programiz.com/
• https://www.w3schools.com/
