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DPP: Basics OF FUNCTIONS
1. 𝐼𝑓 𝑓(𝑥) = 2𝑥 2 + 1 𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑓(2) − 𝑓(4).
2. 𝑊ℎ𝑖𝑐ℎ 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑓𝑜𝑙𝑙𝑜𝑤𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑟𝑒𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑠 𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑓𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑠?
𝐺𝑖𝑣𝑒 𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑜𝑛 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑎𝑙𝑠𝑜 𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑑𝑜𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑛 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑓𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛.
(𝑖) 𝑓 = {(1,3), (1,5), (2,3), (2,5)}
(𝑖𝑖) 𝑔 = {(2,1), (5,1), (8,1), (11,1)}
3. 𝐹𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑑𝑜𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑛 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑓𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑓: 𝑅 ⟶ 𝑅: 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 + 1.
4. 𝑊𝑟𝑖𝑡𝑒 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑑𝑜𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑛 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑓𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛, 𝑓(𝑥) = √𝑥 − 1
5. What is the name of the function given below?
a. Absolute value b. Reciprocal c. Square root d. Exponential
6. 𝐼𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑝ℎ 𝑠ℎ𝑜𝑤𝑛 𝑏𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑤 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑎 𝑓𝑢𝑐𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛?
7. 𝐷𝑜𝑒𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑦 2 + 𝑥 = 1 𝑟𝑒𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑠 𝑎 𝑓𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑦 𝑖𝑛 𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑥?
8. 𝐹𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 ℎ 𝑖𝑠 𝑑𝑒𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑑 𝑏𝑦 ℎ(𝑥) = 3𝑥 2 − 7𝑥 − 5 𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑑 ℎ(𝑥 − 2).
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9. Find the domain of the functions (i) 𝑓(𝑥) = √𝑥 2 − 25 (ii) 𝑓(𝑥) =
√25−𝑥 2
10. Find the range of the functions 𝑓(𝑥) = √25 − 𝑥 2
DPP: Basics OF FUNCTIONS
DPP: SOLUTIONS
1. 𝐼𝑓 𝑓(𝑥) = 2𝑥 2 + 1 𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑓(2) − 𝑓(4).
𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏:
𝑓(2) = 2(22 ) + 1 = 8 + 1 = 9
𝑓(4) = 2(42 ) + 1 = 32 + 1 = 33
𝑁𝑜𝑤, 𝑓(2) − 𝑓(4) = 9 − 33 = −24
2. 𝑊ℎ𝑖𝑐ℎ 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑓𝑜𝑙𝑙𝑜𝑤𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑟𝑒𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑠 𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑓𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑠?
𝐺𝑖𝑣𝑒 𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑜𝑛 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑎𝑙𝑠𝑜 𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑑𝑜𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑛 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑓𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛.
(𝑖) 𝑓 = {(1,3), (1,5), (2,3), (2,5)}
(𝑖𝑖) 𝑔 = {(2,1), (5,1), (8,1), (11,1)}
𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏:
(𝑖) 𝑓 = {(1,3), (1,5), (2,3)(2,5)}
𝐻𝑒𝑟𝑒, 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑛𝑠 1 𝑎𝑛𝑑 2 ℎ𝑎𝑣𝑒 𝑚𝑜𝑟𝑒 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑛 𝑜𝑛𝑒 𝑓 − 𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑔𝑒𝑠, 𝑖. 𝑒. , 3 𝑎𝑛𝑑 5.
𝐻𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑒, 𝑓 𝑖𝑠 𝑛𝑜𝑡 𝑎 𝑓𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛.
(𝑖𝑖)𝑔 = {(2,1), (5,1)(8,1)(11,1)}
𝐻𝑒𝑟𝑒, 𝑒𝑎𝑐ℎ 𝑓𝑖𝑟𝑠𝑡 𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑜𝑟𝑑𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑑 𝑝𝑎𝑖𝑟 ℎ𝑎𝑠 𝑎 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑞𝑢𝑒 𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝑤ℎ𝑖𝑐ℎ 𝑖𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑 𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑟𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑡𝑒.
𝐻𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑒, 𝑔 𝑖𝑠 𝑎 𝑓𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛.
𝐷𝑜𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝑔 = {2, 5, 8, 11} 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑔 {1}
3. 𝐹𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑑𝑜𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑛 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑓𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑓: 𝑅 ⟶ 𝑅: 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 + 1.
𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏:
𝐷𝑜𝑚 (𝑓) = 𝑅.
𝐴𝑙𝑠𝑜, 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 + 1 ⟹ 𝑥 = √𝑦 − 1.
𝑥 𝑖𝑠 𝑑𝑒𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑑 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑛 𝑦 − 1 ≥ 0. 𝑖. 𝑒. , 𝑦 ≥ 1.
∴ 𝑅𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 (𝑓) = { 𝑦 ∈ 𝑅: 𝑦 ≥ 1}. 𝑜𝑟, [1, ∞)
DPP: Basics OF FUNCTIONS
4. 𝑊𝑟𝑖𝑡𝑒 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑑𝑜𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑛 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑓𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛, 𝑓(𝑥) = √𝑥 − 1
𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏:
𝐺𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑛 ∶ 𝑓(𝑥) = √𝑥 − 1
𝑇𝑜 𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑑: 𝐷𝑜𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑛 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑅𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒
∴𝑥−1≥0 ∴𝑥≥1
∴ 𝐷𝑜𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑛 = 𝑥 ∈ [1, ∞)
𝐿𝑒𝑡 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑦,
∴ 𝑦 = √𝑥 − 1 ∴ 𝑦2 = 𝑥 − 1
∴ 𝑥 = 𝑦 2 + 1 ⇒ 𝑦 ∈ 𝑅 but 𝑦 is positive (because of square root function)
∴ 𝑅𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 = [ 0, ∞)
5. What is the name of the function given below?
a. Absolute value b. Reciprocal c. Square root d. Exponential
𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏:
The graph of given function represents absolute value (modulus) function.
6. 𝐼𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑝ℎ 𝑠ℎ𝑜𝑤𝑛 𝑏𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑤 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑎 𝑓𝑢𝑐𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛?
DPP: Basics OF FUNCTIONS
𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏:
𝑉𝑒𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑡𝑒𝑠𝑡: A vertical line cuts the graph at two points. Hence, the graph
is not that of a function.
7. 𝐷𝑜𝑒𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑦 2 + 𝑥 = 1 𝑟𝑒𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑠 𝑎 𝑓𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑦 𝑖𝑛 𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑥?
𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏:
𝑦2 = 1 − 𝑥
𝑦 = +√1 − 𝑥 𝑜𝑟 𝑦 = −√1 − 𝑥
For one value of 𝑥 we have two values of 𝑦. Hence this is not a function.
8. 𝐹𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 ℎ 𝑖𝑠 𝑑𝑒𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑑 𝑏𝑦 ℎ(𝑥) = 3𝑥 2 − 7𝑥 − 5 𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑑 ℎ(𝑥 − 2).
𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏:
ℎ(𝑥 − 2) = 3(𝑥 − 2)2 − 7(𝑥 − 2) − 5
⇒ ℎ(𝑥 − 2) = 3(𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 4) − 7𝑥 + 14 − 5
= 3𝑥 2 − 19𝑥 + 21
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9. Find the domain of the functions (i) 𝑓(𝑥) = √𝑥 2 − 25 (ii) 𝑓(𝑥) =
√25−𝑥 2
𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏:
(i) 𝑓(𝑥) = √𝑥 2 − 25
𝑥 2 − 25 ≥ 0
⇒ (𝑥 + 5)(𝑥 − 5) ≥ 0
⇒ 𝑥 ∈ (−∞, −5] ∪ [5, ∞)
1
(ii) 𝑓(𝑥) =
√25−𝑥 2
25 − 𝑥 2 > 0
⇒ 𝑥 2 − 25 < 0
⇒ (𝑥 + 5)(𝑥 − 5) < 0
⇒ 𝑥 ∈ (−5, 5)
DPP: Basics OF FUNCTIONS
10. Find the range of the functions 𝑓(𝑥) = √25 − 𝑥 2
𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏
(i) Let 𝑦 = √25 − 𝑥 2
𝑦 2 = 25 − 𝑥 2
⇒ 𝑥 2 = 25 − 𝑦 2
⇒ 𝑥 = √25 − 𝑦 2
25 − 𝑦 2 ≥ 0
⇒ 𝑦 2 − 25 ≤ 0
⇒ (𝑦 + 5)(𝑦 − 5) ≤ 0
⇒ 𝑦 ∈ [−5, 5] but 𝑦 is positive (because of square root)
∴ 𝑦 ∈ [0, 5]
