1. Internet: The internet is a global network of interconnected computers and servers.
It allows
users to access information, communicate, and share resources. Key points about the internet
include:
o World Wide Web (WWW): A system of linked documents and multimedia content
accessible via web browsers.
o URL (Uniform Resource Locator): The address used to locate resources on the web.
o Browsers: Software applications (e.g., Chrome, Firefox) that allow users to view web
pages.
o Search Engines: Tools (e.g., Google, Bing) that help users find specific information
online.
2. Internet Accessories: These are devices and technologies that enhance internet connectivity
and usage:
o Modem: Converts digital data from your computer into signals that can travel over
phone lines or cable systems.
o Router: Distributes internet signals to multiple devices within a network.
o Wi-Fi: Wireless technology that allows devices to connect to the internet without
physical cables.
o Network Adapters: Hardware components that enable devices to connect to wired or
wireless networks.
3. Connecting and Communicating Online:
o Email: Electronic mail for sending messages over the internet.
o Social Media: Platforms (e.g., Facebook, Twitter) for connecting with others, sharing
content, and networking.
o Instant Messaging (IM): Real-time text-based communication (e.g., WhatsApp,
Messenger).
o Video Conferencing: Virtual meetings using video and audio (e.g., Zoom, Microsoft
Teams).
o VoIP (Voice over Internet Protocol): Making phone calls over the internet (e.g., Skype,
Google Voice).
4. Digital Literacy:
o Understanding computers, mobile devices, and the Internet.
o Being aware of digital security, privacy, and ethical considerations.
5. Application Software:
o Programs designed to enhance productivity and assist with personal tasks.
o Examples include word processors, spreadsheets, and graphic design tools.
6. Computer Types:
o Desktop Computers: Stationary personal computers.
o Laptops: Portable computers.
o Tablets: Touchscreen devices.
o Smartphones: Mobile phones with advanced capabilities.
7. Networks:
o Local Area Network (LAN): Connects computers within a limited geographical area.
o Wireless LAN (WLAN): LAN without physical wires.
o Internet: Global network connecting millions of networks worldwide2.
8. Mobile Computers:
Laptop Computers:
o Portable with integrated display, keyboard, and touchpad.
o Battery-powered.
o Less powerful and less expandable than desktops.
Smartphones:
o Portable and lightweight.
o Touchscreen interface.
o Multifunctional (phone, internet access, camera).
o Uses Bluetooth, WIFI, 3G, 4G, 5G.
Tablet Computers:
o Larger touchscreen than smartphones.
o Ideal for media consumption and web browsing.
o Limited expandability.
o Uses Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, 3G, 4G, 5G.
Phablet Computers:
o Combines features of smartphones and tablets.
o Larger screen than smartphones.
o Can be used for phone calls.
Uses of Mobile Computers:
Office and business management (remote access to office applications, email).
Education (e-books, educational apps, note-taking).
Gaming and entertainment (mobile gaming apps, streaming).
Communication (video calling, text messaging).
Other tasks (navigation, online banking, photography).
9. A server is a specialized computer or software system designed to provide services, data, or
resources to other computers (known as clients) over a network. Here are some key points
about servers:
1. Data Storage:
o Server’s store and manage data, including files, documents, databases, and media
content.
o Authorized users can access this information from various locations.
2. Website Hosting:
o When you browse the internet, web pages are hosted on web servers.
o These servers store website files and deliver them to your web browser when you
request a page.
3. Email Services:
o Email servers manage electronic messages.
o They receive, store, and distribute emails to their intended recipients, handling tasks like
spam filtering and user authentication.
4. Application Hosting:
o Many applications and software services run on servers rather than individual devices.
o Servers provide the necessary computing power for applications like online games,
productivity suites, and collaborative tools.
5. File Sharing:
o File servers are dedicated to file storage and sharing within a network.
10. An operating system (OS) is system software that manages computer hardware and software
resources, providing common services for programs
