) Thumvendl Shock tok %- clotornhe tla rabisteracl, Harmad sack pgay } : ei fc Gulu sulk Alb 7 ° 2 EDR I nce oy felting i oucin” ne? —————___ Eas Bud Hien ob gour bswabige _| e / ne 0% Cache) of. esky > a OO jessouine - is tera a EESEE i d Cartan depont? Majondaports on bsickong Jas =? Shousy de » » » h aa Chokool boro , ivitormal hues ans defaneeach 5 Peenged ful eke Ce b) Trypectiou of Colour by Craw chee Oboloun 2) bole ar pen swayinemout Ir | 5 Tok Motad > the dalacted gles hott De e-corenivad bY sitom Above Daryle va torvmal olown 44 a) Arnonantiy elcun_af- glass Guten wd hich. Tok > Bheowrat Smtr joel Io reg joleanee ponlitom vaio glaxs Caurdaine Hieeuyi folatid Bight do daevmune bigu a) DFathed gf. Scanned with CamScannerImportance of Measuring Impact Strength of Glass B : Measuring the impact strength of glass bottles is crucial for various reasons: 1. Safety} Glass bottles are commonly used to store beverages, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals. Understanding their im, impact “strength is essential to prevent breakage and potential injuries during transportation, handling, and use. 2. (Product Integrity: The impact strength of glass bottles affects the protection of the contents. A broken bottle can lead to contamination or spoilage of the'product. 3. Cost Savings} Measuring impact strength helps manufacturers optimize the thickness and design of glass bottles, ensuring they are strong enough while minimizing material usage and costs. Scanned with CamScanner4. Quality Assurance: Quality control tests for impact strength salty Assurances y Control te Methods of Measuring Imp din bottle production meets industry pact Strength of Glass Bottles: Bev eral methods are used to measure the impact strength of glass bottles: 1. 7 Ball Drop Test: A steel ball is dr - Tumble Test; Bottles are place - Pressure Test: Bottles are pressurized bottle is measured, ‘opped from various heights impact resistance, dina rotating drum or apparatus at simulates transportation and handling conditions, This assesses their resistance to impacts and abrasions. to simulate the forces they may experience during shipping. The pressure is gradually increased until the bottle breaks. onto the bottle to determine its i . Instrumented Impact Test: Advanced testing equipment is used to measure impact energy and analyze stress distribution to Provide detailed information on the bottle's behavior under impact. Scanned with CamScanner_5-Write a detailed note on the importance and methods of quality evaluation of packaging materials Grammage (GSM), Thickness, Bursting Strength, and Water Vapour Permeability Ans.. including Strength, Tear Evaluating the quality of Packaging materials, including factors like Brammage (GSM), thickness, bursting strength, tear strength, and water vapor permeability, is crucial in the packaging industry for several reasons. Each of these Parameters plays a significant role in determining the performance and suitability of packaging materials for various applications. Here's an overview of the importance and methods of quality evaluation for each of these characteristics: 1. Grammage (GSM - Grams per Square Meter): ° Importance: Grammage measures the weight or mass of Paper or paperboard per unit area, typically expressed in grams per square meter (g/m’). It is an essential parameter because it affects the strength, thickness, and stiffness of the packaging material. Scanned with CamScannerBasis Weight Scale: Wei material and divide the determine Gsm. Micrometer Measurement: Measure the thickness of a specific number of sheets and calculate GSM based on their thickness and the known density of the material. 2. Thickness: o Importance: Thi i rial's dimension in the third dimension (height). It's crucial for ining the overall durability, rigidity, and Protective igh a known area of the weight by the area to o Methods: + Micrometer or Caliper: Measure the thickness of the . : - ich ae isd amlccamieteinOtallbelont fi ing.of : 3. Bursting Strength: e Importance: Bursting strength measures.the.resistance of a material to.the pressure or force that can cause it to burs ~or-faileIt is essential for packaging. materials to withstand the internal.and.external.pressures they.may encounter. o Methods: + Mullen Burst Tester: Use a Mullen Burst.Tester to apply hydraulic pressure to a diaphragm that presses against the material until it bursts. The pressure at bursting is recorded.as the bursting strength. 4. Tear Strength: : o Importance: .Tear..strength measures a material's resistance to tearing or-being punctured. It is important for materi: ical _stre: ing ; 7 o Methods: ; + Elmendorf Tear Tester: The Elmendorf Tear Tester is, commonly used to measure the tear resistance of Scanned with CamScannerpaperboard. It measures the force aper and se terial. required to tear the ma 5. Water Vapor Permeability: = ° Importance: Water vapor--permeabllity measures the abili rial to allow s ; This is important for materials that need to _maintain.the je pac t it measuring the weight change of a sample material as water vapor passes through-it-over-time.. These quality evaluation methods are essential for ensuring that packaging materials meet specific requirements and standards for different applications. The results of these tests help manufacturers, packaging engineers, and quality control personnel make informed decisions about the suitability of materials for packaging specific products. 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