AUDIO INFORMATION AND MEDIA

– Media communication that uses audio or recordings to deliver and transfer information through means of sound.

Types of Audio Information Media

• Music • Podcasts • Radio shows • Sound Recording

• Audiobooks • Sound effects

Ways to Store Audio Information

• Tape • CD (Compact Disc) • Computer Hard Drive • Internet or Cloud

Audio File Formats

• MP3 (MPEG Audio Layer 3) • M4A/AAC (MPEG4 Audio / Advanced Audio Coding) • WAV • WMA (Windows Media Audio)

Units of Sound

Decibel - or simply dB, noise of the sound measurement

Hertz - or simply Hz, unit of sound frequency

Phon - unit of subjective loudness

Characteristics of Sound

Volume - the intensity of a sound

Tone - the audible characteristic of a sound.

Pitch - is how high or low a sound is.

Principles of Sound Design

• Mixing • Pace • Stereo Imaging • Transition

Types of Transitions

1. Segue-one element stops, and the next begins ("cut" in the film).

2. Cross-fade-one element fades out, the next fades in, and they overlap on the way

3. V-Fade the first element fades to inaudible before the second element begins

4. Waterfall-As the first element fades out, the second element begins at full volume. Better for voice transitions, than for effects

CURRENT AND FUTURE TRENDS IN MEDIA AND INFORMATION

TREND is a change or developments towards something new or different

MOOC’s (Massive Open Online Courses) - it refers to a route or pattern of getting content or information available through an online system that
can be access by many people (content: recorded video, online, online, online)

CURRENT AND FUTURE TRENDS IN MEDIA

1. Wearable Technology - give the user an easy experience of the device (ex: smart watches, fitness tracker, smart eyewear)

2. 3D Environment - Utilizes three dimensional visual appearances to create real life or diff. virtual experiences

3. Ubiquitous Learning - refers to the ability to learn anywhere, anytime

MAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF UBIQUITOUS LEARNING

• IMMEDIACY • INTERACTIVITY • SITUATED INSTRUCTIONAL ACTIVITIES • PERMANENCY • ACCESSIBILITY • ADAPTABILITY

Legal, Ethical and Societal Issues in Media and Information

Republic Act No. 10175 Or the Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012, is a law in the Philippines approved on September 12, 2012, which aims to
address legal issues concerning online interactions and the Internet.

Cyber - Means relating to or characteristic of the culture of computers, information technology and virtual reality.

Cyberspace – virtual world is an electronic medium used to form a global computer network to facilitate online communication.

Cybercrime - Is any criminal activity that involves a computer, network or networked device.

Hacking - refers to the practice of modifying or altering computer software and hardware to accomplish a goal

Phishing - Is the attempt to obtain sensitive information such as usernames, passwords, and credit card details

Illegal Downloading - Refers to obtaining files that you do not have the right to use from the Internet.

Ex: Illegal Downloading Sites →The Pirate Bay, Kickass. to, Torrent, Downloads. Ma, YTS. Ag, RARBG .to
Legal Downloading Sites → iTunes, Yahoo Music, Amazon, Netflix, Ruckus

Digital Piracy - the practice of illegally copying and selling digital music, video, computer software, etc.

Identity Theft - Is the deliberate use of someone else’s identity,

Cyber Defamation - Is an unprivileged false statement of fact which tends to harm the reputation of a person or company.

2 Types (1. Libel – defamatory statement made in writing) (2. Slander – defamatory statement that is spoken.)

Cybersex – also called computer sex. Is a virtual sex encounter in which two or more people (connected remotely via internet)

Child Pornography - Is a form of child sexual exploitation.

Cybersquatting - registering, trafficking in, or using an internet domain name

Copyright – is a legal word used to express the ownership rights that authors and artists have to their creative works.

Ex: Poems, Novels, Lyrics to a song, Computer Software, Photograph, Painting How to Avoid → Receive a permission, Use Image from Public
Domain, Give Credit, Review ownership rights on Social Media Pages, Consider buying consent

Copyright Infringement – using without proper permission (ex: reproduction, displaying others work, and derivative works)

Trademark - a specific sign associated with a particular brand or goods (ex: logo ng mcdo, Jollibee etc.)

Fair use -allows users to reuse copyright-protected materials without permission (ex: Criticism, Commentary, Parody, News R, Teaching)

4 Factors of Fair Use → F1: The Purpose and Character of the Use, F 2: The Nature of the Copyrighted Work, F3: The Amount or Substantiality of the
Portion Used, F4: The Effect of the Use on the Potential Market for or Value of the Work.

Advantages → Without their approval, you can still obtain the owners’ work and leave a citation.

Disadvantages → People will be greedy getting work of other, People make profit for it

Plagiarism - the practice of taking someone else's work or ideas

7 Common Types of Plagiarism → Complete Plagiarism, Direct Plagiarism, Paraphrasing Plagiarism, Self Plagiarism, Patchwork Plagiarism, Source
Based Plagiarism , Accidental Plagiarism

Netiquette - "etiquette, "which refers to the general rules or conventions of correct and polite behavior in social settings and situations

Core Rules in Netiquette → Remember the Human, Adhere to the same standards of behavior online that you follow in real life., Know where you
are in cyberspace, Respect other people's time and bandwidth, Make yourself look good online

Digital divide- is a term that refers to the gap between demographics and regions that have access to, and those who’s restricted

5 factors → Low Literacy Rate, Lack of motivation to learn how to use Technology, Low of income levels, Lack of Physical Access to Technology and
Digital Literacy, Geographical Restrictions

Technology ADDICTION – impulse control disorder that involves the obsessive use of mobile devices despite negative consequences

Factors of Social Media Addiction - Low Self Esteem, Personal Dissatisfaction, Depression, Hyperactivity, Lack of Affection

BULLYING - A person who uses their strength or power to frighten or hurt weaker people

Types → Physical, Verbal, social, and cyber bullying

VIRTUAL SELF - the persona you create about yourself virtually

MANIPULATIVE INFORMATION AND MEDIA

Media Manipulative- tools used to aid in hands-on learning. Models in which learners can manipulate to gain mastery of a concept

WAYS IN WHICH MEDIA CAN BE MANIPULATED: SHAPING OF IINFORMATIO, MANIPULATION OF IMAGE OR PPHOT, MANIPULATION OF TTEX,
VIOLENCE OF INFORMATION, BEHAVIORAL TARGETING, SEMANTIC ADVERTISING, -SPAMDEXING, MANIPULATION OF E-MAIL

CHARACTERISTICS → Activism - action using vigorous campaigning . Advertising – producing advertisements for commercial product or servi..
Propagandizing - used to promote or publicize a particular political cause or POV. Hoaxing - humorous or malicious deception.

2 KINDS OF MEDIA MANIPULATION- Traditional / Concrete Manipulative (Ex: Abacus, Jigsaw Puzzle, Lego, Rubik’s Cube) Virtual and Digital
Manipulative(ex:Video Games, Simulators, Online Shopping Application, Social Media )

ADV. – can boost the image of a person, product or services DISADV. – can be biased and/or subjective to protect product, person servcs

Media & Information and Literate Individual - able to distinguish between reliable sources of information

Three Aspects → Person, Educational, Professional aspects

8 TOPICS FOR MEDIA AND INFORMATION LITERATE INDIVIDUAL

CRITICAL THINGKING, ETHICAL USE OF INFORMATION, EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION, DIGITAL LITERACY, AWARENESS OF MEDIA BIAS AND
INFLUENCE, CULTURAL AWARENESS AND SENSITIVITY, ADAPTABILITY IN THE MEDIA LANDSCAPE, INFORMATION LITERACY

MOTION INFORMATION AND MEDIA

2 FORMS OF MOTION MEDIA: Informal- Created by people just for personal, Formal - Made by professionals, such as film director

FORMATS OF MOTION MEDIA

Film – a series of moving graphics or images, with accompanying of a recorded sound.

Television - a telecommunication system for transmitting and receiving visual images and sounds that are reproduced on screens

Interactive Video - a kind of digital video that involves the user’s interaction and participation.

DIFF. TYPES OF INTERACTIVE VIDEO - Customizable interactive video , Conversation interactive video, Exploratory interactive video

ELEMENTS OF MOTION MEDIA

Speed - highlights the tone of the movement; The two types are: Fast Movement, Slow Movement

Direction , Motion path Timing ( Subjective, objective timing) , transition, sound and color , blurring

PRINCIPLES OF MOTION MEDIA → Timing , Ease in Ease Out, Staging , Arcs , Action and Reaction, Squash and Stretch, Anticipation , Follow
Through and Overlapping Action , Exaggeration

Opportunities, Challenges and Power of Media and Information

OPPORTUNITY - set of situations that make it possible to do something ( Economy, Educational, Social, political)

ECONOMY - News Industry, Film Production, Entertainment Programs, Print , Broadcast, Internet, Advertising, Public Relations

EDUCATIONAL - Learning has never been easier and more complicated in the age of media and information (ex: video multi media.)

CHALLENGE - Something new and difficult which requires great effort and determination.

ILLEGAL CONTENTS → 1. Real or simulated violence, 2. Sexually explicit content, 3. Illegal images of child sexual abuse, 4. Content promoting
hate based on race, religion or sexual preference, 5. Content instructing or promoting crime or violence

Challenges – illegal content, cybercrime, copyright infringement, identity theft

POWER - → Business strategies, Banks of the future, Health care and public health

MULTIMEDIA INFORMATION

Multimedia information combines text, images, audio, video, and animations to make content more engaging and easier to understand.

MEDIA - Refers to the tools or channels used to store, share, or deliver information to people

CHARACTERISTICS OF MULTIMEDIA INFORMATION – The Information Must Be Represented Digitally, The Interface is Usually Interactive,
Channels of Communication, Audience Targeting.

USES OF MULTIMEDIA INFORMATION – Education and E-Learning , Entertainment, Marketing and Advertising, Education and Skill Development

USES OF MEDIA – Mass Communication, Public Awareness and Advocacy

CONTENTS OF MULTIMEDIA – text, image, audio, video, animation, news and information, advertisement, entertainment, educational content,
social media content

TYPES OF MULTIMEDIA IINFORMATION – text, images, audio, video,

TYPES OF MEDIA – print, digital, broadcast, and outdoor media

ADVANTAGES OF MULTIMEDIA INFORMATION – enhance engagement, improved learning and retention, broad applicability, , easy accessibility

DISADVANTAGES OF MULTIMEDIA INFORMATION – high development cost, technical requirements, accessibility barriers, dependence on
technology

ADVANTAGES OF MEDIA – mass communication, diversity of contents, educational benefits, marketing and promotion

DISADVANTAGES OF MEDIA – spread of misinformation, privacy concerns, decline in ftf information, cost and accessibility

PEOPLE MEDIA- Refers to persons that are involved in the use, analysis, evaluation and production of media and information

2 TYPES OF PEOPLE MEDIA

PEOPLE AS MEDIA – media itself ( 1. Opinion Leaders, 2. Citizen Journalist, 3. Social Journalist, 4. Crowdsourcer

PEOPLE IN MEDIA – behind another form of media ( Print Journalists, Photojournalists, Broadcast Journalists, Multimedia Journalist

CHARACTERISTICS OF PEOPLE MEDIA → Tech Savvy, Credible, Flexible, Charismatic, Updated, Articulate,