School Management System

This project proposal is submitted in partial fulfillment

of the requirements for the degree of

Bachelor of Science in Computer Science and Engineering

Course Name: Project; Course Code: CSE-4114

Submitted By
Exam Roll: 5035
Reg No: 842
&
Exam Roll: 5045
Reg No:857
&
Exam Roll: 5049
Reg No:1692

Year: 4th Semester: 1st

Department of Computer Science & Engineering

Mymensingh Engineering College
January 2025

1
Declaration
We hereby solemnly declare that the project titled “School Management
System”, submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the “School
Management System”, is the result of our own independent work.
We affirm that this project is original and does not contain any material
copied from other sources without proper acknowledgment. All
references and contributions from external sources have been
appropriately cited. With our sincerest regards,

1. Munzir Hossain
Roll: 364
Reg No. : 842
2. Mehedi Hasan
Roll: 368
Reg No. : 857
3. Arman Fakir
Roll: 369
Reg No. : 1692

Department of Computer Science & Engineering

Mymensingh Engineering College

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Approval
The project titled “School Management System” is submitted by:

• Munzir Hossain (Roll: 364, Reg No.: 842)

• Mehedi Hasan (Roll: 368, Reg No.: 857)
• Arman Fakir (Roll: 369, Reg No.: 1692)

This project has been executed under the esteemed supervision of

Mr. Abdur Rouf, Associate Professor & Academic Incharge, Department
of CSE. His unparalleled mentorship, constructive feedback, and
unwavering encouragement have been the cornerstone of our project's
success. With his guidance, we have navigated challenges and refined our
approach, ensuring the project meets the highest academic standards.

The project has been thoroughly reviewed and is hereby approved as

satisfactory for partial fulfillment of the requirements for the “School
Management System”.

Approval Of:
Supervisor: .................................................................

Mr. Abdur Rouf

Associate Professor & Academic Incharge
Department of Computer Science & Engineering
Mymensingh Engineering College

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 Abstract

The School Management System (SMS) is an integrated platform designed to

enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of administrative and academic functions
within educational institutions. With the increasing complexity of managing school
operations, the SMS addresses common challenges such as outdated manual
processes, lack of real-time communication, and fragmented data management.
The system incorporates features such as secure authentication, role-based access
control, exam management, lesson planning, scoreboards, event and
announcement management, result tracking, assignment handling, and payment
processing, providing a comprehensive solution for administrators, teachers,
students, and parents.

The frontend of the system is built using modern technologies such as Next.js,
Redux, Clerk, and Rechart, ensuring a responsive and intuitive user experience. The
backend leverages the Next.js server, middleware, Docker for containerization, and
PostgreSQL for a reliable, scalable database solution. These technologies ensure
that the system is secure, easy to maintain, and capable of handling the growing
needs of educational institutions.

This report examines the motivation behind the development of the SMS, outlines
the problems it aims to solve, and discusses the methodologies and technologies
used to implement the system. It highlights the expected outcomes of using the
SMS, including improved operational efficiency, better communication among
stakeholders, and a more streamlined educational experience. By automating
routine tasks and offering real-time updates, the SMS is poised to meet the evolving
demands of modern education, ensuring a smooth and well-coordinated
environment for both academic and administrative purposes.

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 Table of Contents

Chapter Title
Abstract
Table of Contents
Chapter 1: Introduction
1.1 Motivation of the Work
1.2 Problem Definition
1.3 Proposed Solution
1.4 Benefits of the Proposed Solution
1.5 Objectives of the Project
Chapter 2: Background Studies
2.1 Observation
2.2 Existing Applications and Systems
2.3 Analysis
2.4 Technologies Used
2.5 Gaps Identified
2.6 Contribution of the Proposed Project
Chapter 3: Proposed Scheme
3.1 Project Model
3.2 Requirements
3.2.1 Technical Requirements
3.2.2 Functional Requirements
3.2.3 Infrastructure Requirements
Chapter 4: Methodology
4.1 Development Environment
4.2 Project Workflow
4.3 Tools and Frameworks
Chapter 5: Experimental Setup and Outcomes
5.1 Development Environment
5.2 Hardware Setup
5.3 Testing Procedures
5.4 Expected Outcomes

References

5
 Chapter 1

Introduction

1.1 Motivation of the Work

During visits to schools such as Afroz Khan Model School, Mymensingh Boys Model
School, and Mymensingh High School, several challenges were identified in their
management processes. Many institutions lacked a proper management system,
while others relied on outdated or ineffective systems that could not adequately
support their operational needs. These inefficiencies became evident in areas such
as tracking attendance, managing fees, and facilitating seamless communication
between teachers, students, and parents.

The motivation behind this project is to create a comprehensive and scalable School
Management System (SMS) that addresses these challenges. The goal is to replace
outdated systems with an integrated platform that streamlines administrative tasks,
improves operational efficiency, and fosters greater transparency. By solving these
pressing issues, the SMS aims to support the increasing demands of modern
educational institutions. This solution will enable better communication, more
accurate record-keeping, and more efficient management, thereby improving the
overall educational experience for students, teachers, and parents alike.

1.2 Problem Definition

Educational institutions face a range of challenges in effectively managing both
academic and administrative tasks. Observations from schools, such as Afroz Khan
Model School, Mymensingh Boys Model School, and Mymensingh High School, have
highlighted several key issues:

1. Manual Management Systems: Many schools rely on manual

processes for key functions like attendance tracking, fee management,
and report generation, leading to inefficiencies and frequent errors.
2. Inaccurate Attendance Tracking: Manual or outdated attendance
systems often result in discrepancies, making it difficult for schools to
maintain accurate and up-to-date records.
3. Inefficient Fee Management: The absence of automated fee
collection and tracking systems results in delays, payment errors, and
difficulties in managing financial records.

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 4. Lack of Real-Time Updates: Without a centralized system,
stakeholders such as teachers, students, and parents are often not
informed in real time about important updates like exam schedules,
assignments, and events.
5. Poor Communication Between Stakeholders: Fragmented
communication across various platforms leads to misunderstandings
and delays, affecting collaboration between teachers, students, and
parents.

Existing systems are often outdated, fragmented, or entirely absent, causing

operational inefficiencies and a compromised educational experience. This project
aims to solve these issues by introducing a centralized School Management System
(SMS) that integrates secure authentication, role-based dashboards, real-time
notifications, and analytics. These features will ensure a seamless, efficient, and
scalable management process, improving communication, accuracy, and decision-
making across all levels of the school hierarchy.

1.3 Proposed Solution

The proposed School Management System (SMS) is a comprehensive, web-based
platform designed to enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of school
management. By integrating various functionalities, the system aims to address the
challenges faced by educational institutions and provide a seamless user
experience for all stakeholders. Key features of the proposed solution include:

1. Secure Authentication: This feature ensures that only authorized

users, such as administrators, teachers, students, and parents, can
access the system. Multi-factor authentication (MFA) may also be
implemented to further strengthen security. This guarantees that
sensitive information, including personal data and academic records, is
protected from unauthorized access.
2. Role-Based Access Control (RBAC): With RBAC, the system offers
tailored dashboards and permissions for each user role.
Administrators have full access to system settings, reports, and
management tools, while teachers can manage lesson plans, exams,
and assignments. Students have access to their own academic
progress, assignments, and announcements, and parents can monitor
their child’s performance and school activities. This ensures a secure
and organized flow of information across different user groups.
3. Exam Management: This functionality enables schools to schedule
exams, create and manage exam papers, and automate the generation
of exam results and reports. Teachers can upload exam papers
securely, and administrators can set exam dates and times. Automated
report generation allows for faster grading and seamless
communication of results to students and parents.
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 4. Lesson Management: The lesson management feature facilitates the
planning, structuring, and sharing of lesson content. Teachers can
create lesson plans, upload resources such as readings or videos, and
track lesson progress. Students can access these materials and stay
updated on their lessons, promoting a more organized and engaging
learning experience.
5. Scoreboard and Result System: The scoreboard system tracks and
displays students' academic performance, showing results for various
subjects and exams. This allows students, teachers, and parents to
monitor academic progress. Automated grading and real-time updates
make it easier to analyze and identify areas for improvement.
6. Event and Announcement Systems: This feature streamlines the
organization of school events, such as sports days, parent-teacher
meetings, and extracurricular activities. Administrators and teachers
can send out timely announcements regarding schedules, deadlines,
and other important updates, ensuring that all stakeholders are well-
informed and engaged.
7. Assignment System: Teachers can distribute assignments through the
system, with built-in tracking for submission deadlines, grading, and
feedback. Students can view and submit their assignments online,
allowing for more efficient management of homework and project
submissions. This feature also supports file uploads for assignments
that require additional materials.
8. Payment System: The payment system automates school fee
management, including invoicing and payment tracking. Parents can
pay fees online, receive invoices, and track payment history. The
system ensures that fee records are accurately maintained, reducing
errors and administrative workload. Automated reminders can also be
sent to parents to ensure timely payments.

By integrating these features into a single platform, the proposed SMS will improve
the efficiency of daily operations, enhance communication between all
stakeholders, and provide a more streamlined and effective management
experience.

1.4 Benefits of the Proposed Solution

The proposed School Management System offers several key benefits:

1. Enhanced Efficiency: Automates administrative tasks like attendance

tracking and fee management, saving time and reducing workload for staff.
2. Improved Communication: Facilitates real-time notifications and
streamlined communication between administrators, teachers, students, and
parents.

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 3. Reduced Errors: Minimizes human errors in processes such as attendance
recording and fee collection, ensuring greater accuracy and reliability.
4. Data-Driven Insights: Provides comprehensive reports and analytics,
enabling informed decision-making and helping administrators monitor
performance and trends across the school.

1.5 Objectives of the Project

The School Management System (SMS) is designed to streamline and automate
essential administrative and academic processes, enhance communication, and
ensure data security within educational institutions. The core objectives of the
system include:

1. Automate Routine Tasks:

Automate critical school operations such as attendance tracking, fee
collection, class scheduling, and notifications, reducing manual work and
minimizing human errors.
Automatically generate attendance reports, send fee reminders, and notify
users of upcoming events, deadlines, or school updates.
2. Provide Role-Based Dashboards:
Implement role-based dashboards to ensure each user has access to
relevant and secure information tailored to their role.
Administrators can manage school-wide operations, teachers can manage
classes and assignments, and students and parents can monitor academic
progress, attendance, and fees.
3. Enable Notifications:
Integrate real-time notifications for key updates such as attendance changes,
fee due dates, class schedules, and new school announcements.
Push notifications ensure timely and efficient communication, keeping all
stakeholders informed of important updates and events.
4. Ensure Scalability and Customization:
Design the system to be scalable, accommodating increasing numbers of
users, students, classes, and data.
Provide customization options that allow schools to adjust the system to their
specific needs, such as adding new features or modifying workflows to better
suit their unique requirements.
5. Class Management:
Enable administrators and teachers to create and manage class schedules,
assign teachers to specific subjects, and track student enrollments.
Students can view their class schedules, grades, and assignments directly
through the system, fostering transparency and easy access to educational
materials.

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 6. Teacher Management:
Provide tools for administrators to manage teacher profiles, assign roles,
track performance, and monitor their workload.
Teachers can access and manage student data, and assignments, and
communicate efficiently with students and parents.
7. Fee Management:
Automate fee collection by generating invoices, tracking payments, and
sending reminders for overdue fees.
Admins can view detailed fee reports, track payments across different
classes, and ensure financial transparency and accuracy.
8. Student Management:
Manage student records, including personal details, academic history, and
performance metrics.
Allow students and parents to access academic information such as grades,
assignments, attendance, and feedback.
Admins can track student performance over time, generate progress reports,
and ensure compliance with academic requirements.

By addressing these objectives, the SMS will provide a comprehensive, efficient, and
secure platform for managing all aspects of school operations, improving the
educational experience for students, teachers, and parents.

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 Chapter 2

Background Study

2.1 Observation
Through the study of various educational institutions, it became evident that
schools are facing significant challenges in managing their academic, administrative,
and financial tasks. Many schools are still relying on manual processes or outdated
systems, which result in inefficiencies in key areas such as attendance tracking, fee
management, and class scheduling. Moreover, communication among teachers,
students, and parents often lacks real-time updates, leading to delays, confusion,
and a lack of synchronization. These inefficiencies have a direct impact on the
quality of education and the operational efficiency of schools.

2.2 Existing Applications and Systems

There are several existing School Management Systems (SMS), each designed to
address different aspects of school management. These systems range from
specialized software focusing on specific tasks to integrated platforms offering a
variety of features. Some schools continue to rely on manual processes, particularly
for tasks like attendance tracking, fee management, and class scheduling, which can
result in inefficiencies and errors.

Among the existing software, some systems like Google Classroom, Moodle, and
Schoology provide solutions for specific academic tasks such as assignment
tracking, student grading, and communication between students and teachers.
These systems excel in managing academic-related functions but often fail to
integrate other aspects of school management, such as financial operations or real-
time updates. As a result, schools may use multiple systems to address various
needs, leading to fragmentation and a lack of a cohesive, streamlined approach to
managing the school.

In contrast, ERP-based systems attempt to integrate administrative, academic, and

financial management tasks into a single platform. However, these systems are
often either too generalized, with many features that are not needed by all schools,
or too rigid in structure, making customization difficult. Moreover, even in
integrated systems, the lack of real-time notifications and analytics can make it
harder for administrators and teachers to make informed decisions in a timely
manner.

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Manual management systems, still prevalent in many institutions, further
exacerbate these issues. Tasks such as attendance logging and fee collection are
recorded manually, leading to delays, inaccuracies, and a reliance on paper-based
processes. In addition, communication between stakeholders often happens
through phone calls, notices, or in-person meetings, which can be inefficient and
time-consuming.

Thus, there is a clear need for a more integrated, user-friendly, and scalable
solution that can address both the academic and administrative needs of schools
while reducing the reliance on manual processes.

2.3 Existing Systems Analysis

A detailed analysis of existing systems reveals several limitations. Many systems

are either too specialized, focusing primarily on academic management, or too
broad, offering a wide array of features without proper integration. The lack of
coherence between these features makes it difficult for schools to have a holistic
view of their operations. In addition, the user interface of many systems is not user-
friendly, which can present barriers for non-technical users such as parents or
students. These usability issues, coupled with a lack of intuitive design, can hinder
the adoption of the systems by various stakeholders.

2.4 Technological Approaches

Existing SMS applications leverage modern technologies such as ReactJS NextJS for
the frontend, and backend frameworks like Node.js, Django, and Java. Common
databases used include PostgreSQL and MongoDB. These technologies provide a
reliable foundation for the development of educational management systems.
However, many existing platforms struggle with scalability and customization due to
rigid structures. The proposed project aims to address these issues by
incorporating React, Node.js, and MongoDB, which offer flexibility, scalability, and
real-time capabilities. This combination ensures that the system can adapt to the
growing needs of schools and can easily scale as the user base expands.

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2.5 Gaps Identified

Despite advancements in existing systems, there are still significant gaps. The
primary issue is the lack of integration between key modules like attendance
tracking, fee management, and class scheduling,distance learning, which hinders
efficient school operations. Furthermore, many systems do not offer real-time
notifications or comprehensive analytics, which are critical for informed decision-
making. There is also a lack of customization options, meaning schools are unable
to tailor the system to their specific needs, such as adjusting the platform for
different grade levels, courses, or administrative workflows. This lack of flexibility
prevents many institutions from fully optimizing their operations.

2.6 Contribution of the Proposed Project

The proposed School Management System (SMS) aims to fill these gaps by
providing a comprehensive and integrated solution for managing academic,
administrative, and financial operations. The system will combine modules for
attendance tracking, fee management, class scheduling, real-time notifications, and
analytics, creating a unified platform for all school activities. The use of React,
Node.js, and MongoDB will ensure the system is both scalable and customizable,
making it adaptable to schools of various sizes and types. Furthermore, the role-
based dashboards will ensure secure access to data for different stakeholders,
while events, announcements, and notifications will keep all parties informed,
enhancing communication and responsiveness.

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 Chapter 3

Proposed Scheme
3.1 Project Model
Outlines a structured approach to managing different functionalities like
authentication, role-based access control, exam, lesson, event, announcement,
assignment, and payment systems. It defines the interactions between users
(admin, teachers, students, and parents) and ensures data privacy and security
through appropriate permissions. The system's backend utilizes Next.js and
PostgreSQL for handling server-side logic and database management, while the
frontend offers a user-friendly interface to access and manage features effectively.
This model ensures seamless operations and communication within the school
ecosystem.

3.2 Requirements

3.2.1 Technical Requirements

The development and deployment of the School Management System (SMS) rely on
a carefully selected stack of technologies to ensure efficiency, security, and
scalability. The primary technologies are as follows:

1. Authentication: The system will use Clerk, a modern and secure

authentication service, to manage user logins and roles. This ensures secure
access and reliable identity management across the platform.
2. Graph Representation Library: Rechart will be integrated for creating visual
representations of data, such as attendance trends, performance analytics,
and fee collection summaries, ensuring users can easily interpret complex
datasets.

14
 3. Database: PostgreSQL will serve as the primary database for managing
structured data, such as user profiles, class schedules, attendance records,
and financial transactions. Its robustness and scalability make it ideal for this
application.
4. Payment Gateway: SSL Commerce will handle payment transactions
securely, including fee payments and other financial processes, ensuring
compliance with industry standards for security and reliability.
5. State Management: Redux will manage the application's state, ensuring
smooth data flow and synchronization across different components of the
system.

3.2.2 Functional Requirements

The School Management System (SMS) is designed to fulfill the following functional
requirements:

1. Role-Based Access Control (RBAC): The system supports multiple user

roles, including Admin, Teacher, Student, and Parent. Each role will have
specific access permissions and personalized dashboards for managing tasks
and viewing relevant information.
2. Attendance Tracking: Automates attendance recording, with the flexibility
for manual corrections. Administrators and teachers can generate detailed
attendance reports for analysis.
3. Fee Management: Enables administrators to manage student fees
effectively by tracking payments, sending reminders, and generating invoices.
This ensures financial transparency and timely collections.
4. Class Scheduling: Teachers and administrators can create, modify, and view
class schedules. Students will have access to personalized timetables directly
from their dashboards.
5. Real-Time Notifications: The system will send instant notifications to
stakeholders about critical updates such as attendance changes, fee
deadlines, class schedules, and school announcements.
6. Analytics and Reporting: Provides actionable insights through data
visualizations, highlighting attendance trends, performance metrics, and
financial summaries. This empowers administrators to make data-driven
decisions.
7. Performance Monitoring: Tracks and reports on academic and operational
performance, allowing stakeholders to identify areas for improvement and
celebrate successes.

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3.2.3 Infrastructure Requirements

To support the development, deployment, and operation of the SMS, the following
infrastructure components are required:

1. Development Environment:
○ A development machine with at least 8 GB of RAM to support smooth
coding, testing, and debugging of the system.
○ Visual Studio Code (VS Code) will be used as the code editor, equipped
with relevant extensions for Next.js, Docker, and PostgreSQL.
○ A local development environment capable of simulating server and
database interactions.

2. Server Setup:
○ A dedicated server environment running Node.js to process backend
logic, handle dynamic page rendering, and support API endpoints.
○ PostgreSQL database servers to store and manage structured data
reliably.
○ Docker for containerization, ensuring consistent environments across
development, staging, and production.

3. Deployment Environment:
○ A cloud-based server infrastructure to host the application, offering
high availability and scalability to accommodate growing user bases
and data volumes.
○ Reliable internet connectivity to support real-time updates,
notifications, and continuous system maintenance.
○ Secure protocols (HTTPS) and firewall configurations to protect
sensitive data and prevent unauthorized access.

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 Chapter 4

Methodology
4.1 Development Environment
The development environment for the School Management System (SMS) will be set
up to ensure smooth collaboration and efficient development processes. It includes
the necessary software, tools, and environments for both frontend and backend
development.

Frontend Development Environment:

IDE: VS Code (Visual Studio Code) will be used as the primary Integrated
Development Environment (IDE) due to its flexibility, powerful extensions, and ease
of use.
Node.js and npm: Node.js is required for running the development server,
installing dependencies, and managing scripts via npm.
Version Control: Git and GitHub will be used for version control to track code
changes, facilitate collaboration, and deploy to the cloud.
React Development Server: The system will use Next.js for both server-side and
client-side rendering, utilizing its built-in development server for testing and
deploying React components.
PostCSS & Tailwind CSS: Tailwind CSS will be configured with PostCSS for rapid
styling and a utility-first design approach.

Backend Development Environment:

Node.js: The backend will run on Node.js to handle API requests, authentication,
and server-side logic.
Express.js: Used for creating a RESTful API for communication between the
frontend and backend.
PostgreSQL: A relational database management system to store user data,
attendance records, fee information, and other academic details.
Docker: Docker will be used to containerize the entire application, providing a
consistent environment for development, testing, and deployment.

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4.2 Project Workflow
The project workflow ensures that all phases of the development lifecycle are
efficiently managed from planning to deployment. The following steps outline the
key processes

Planning and Analysis:

● Gather requirements from stakeholders.

● Define user roles, permissions, and system requirements.
● Analyze existing systems and identify gaps.

System Design:

● Design architecture, including UI, backend API endpoints, and database

schema.
● Create wireframes and UI/UX designs using tools like Figma or Adobe XD.
● Plan role-based dashboards and features.

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Frontend Development:

● Implement the UI using Next.js and Tailwind CSS.

● Integrate Redux for state management.
● Incorporate Clerk for authentication and Recharts for data visualization.

Backend Development:

● Set up a Node.js server with Express.js.

● Implement RESTful APIs for user management, attendance, and fee tracking.
● Use PostgreSQL for structured data storage.
● Ensure middleware for error handling and authentication.

Testing and Debugging:

● Perform unit, integration, and end-to-end testing.

● Use Jest and Mocha for testing functionalities.

Deployment:

● Containerize the application using Docker.

● Deploy to AWS or Heroku with CI/CD pipelines for automated testing and
updates.

Maintenance and Updates:

● Monitor system performance and gather user feedback.

● Provide bug fixes and feature enhancements.

4.3 Tools and Frameworks

Frontend Tools:

● Next.js: React framework for server-side rendered web pages with built-in
routing and static site generation.
● Redux: State management library for handling complex state changes in
large applications.
● Tailwind CSS: Utility-first CSS framework for rapid and customizable styling.
● DaisyUI: Component library extending Tailwind CSS with pre-designed,
customizable UI components.
● Clerk: User authentication solution for login, registration, and session
management.
● Recharts: Charting library for React offering flexible and customizable charts
for data visualization.

19
Backend Tools:

● Node.js: JavaScript runtime environment for executing server-side code.

● Express.js: Web framework for Node.js to create APIs and handle HTTP
requests.
● PostgreSQL: Relational database system for storing structured data like
student records, attendance, and fees.

● Docker: Tool for creating, deploying, and running applications in containers

for consistency across environments.
● JWT: Secure method for transmitting information using JSON Web Tokens for
authentication.

Version Control and Deployment Tools:

● Git: Version control system for tracking changes in source code.

● GitHub: Platform for hosting and managing Git repositories, enabling

collaborative development.
● AWS / Heroku: Cloud platforms for hosting applications, ensuring scalability,
and simplifying deployment.
● Docker: Containerizes the application to ensure consistent functionality
across environments.
● CI/CD Tools: GitHub Actions or Jenkins for continuous integration and
deployment, automating testing and deployment processes.

20
 Chapter 5

Expected Outcomes

1. Streamlined Administrative Processes

● Automation of attendance tracking, fee management, and report
generation.
● Reduction in manual errors and time consumption.
2. Enhanced Communication
● Announcements and alerts for stakeholders (students, parents,
teachers, and administrators).
● Improved interaction between parents and school staff through a
centralized platform.
3. Improved Accessibility
● Role-based dashboards providing personalized access to information.
● Availability of the system on multiple devices for easy access.
4. Efficient Data Management
● Centralized storage of student records, attendance, grades, and fee
details.
● Quick and secure retrieval of data for decision-making and reporting.
5. Better Decision-Making
● Analytics and visual reports (e.g., attendance trends, fee collection
status) for informed decisions.
● Insights to help administrators plan and optimize school operations.
6. Cost and Resource Optimization
● Reduction in the cost of manual record-keeping and paperwork.
● Improved utilization of staff resources for administrative tasks.
7. Scalability and Future Expansion
● A flexible system that can grow with the institution’s needs.
● Opportunities for future integration of additional features like online
classes or AI-powered performance analysis.
8. Increased Satisfaction
● A user-friendly interface enhancing the experience of all users.
● A modernized approach to school management, leading to higher
satisfaction among stakeholders.

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 Chapter 5

Outcomes

5.1 Development Environment

The development environment for the School Management System (SMS) has been
carefully set up to ensure smooth development, testing, and deployment. The
following software and tools are used to facilitate the development process:

22
The development environment ensures that the system is built with modern
technologies, providing a scalable, flexible, and maintainable solution.

5.2 Hardware Setup

The hardware setup for the project focuses on ensuring smooth development and
effective deployment. Key components of the setup are as follows:

• Development Machine:
• Processor: A multi-core processor, such as Intel i5 or AMD Ryzen
5, to handle development tasks and run the application locally.

• RAM: A minimum of 8 GB of RAM to handle the demands of

running the application, development server, database, and Docker
containers.

23
 • Storage: Sufficient SSD storage (at least 256 GB) to store the
project files, dependencies, and any data used during the development
process.

• Operating System: The development environment will be

compatible with major OS platforms such as Windows, macOS, or
Linux, with the setup instructions provided for each.

• Testing Hardware:
• Devices with varying screen sizes (smartphones, tablets,
desktops) will be used to test the frontend responsiveness and user
experience across different devices.
• Servers will be used for deployment and hosting the application
in production, ensuring that the system scales efficiently with
increasing user load.

5.3 Testing Procedures

Testing is a critical component of the development process, ensuring the system
functions as expected and meets the requirements. The following types of testing
will be performed:

• Unit Testing:

• Frontend: Unit tests will be written for React components,

ensuring each component functions independently.

• Backend: Unit tests will focus on the API endpoints and server-
side logic, verifying that each route returns the expected results.
• Testing libraries like Jest and Mocha will be used for writing and
running unit tests.

• Integration Testing:
• Ensures that different components of the system (frontend,
backend, database) work together as expected.
• For example, testing the interaction between the frontend UI and
backend API, ensuring that data is correctly sent and retrieved.

• End-to-End Testing:
• Using tools like Cypress or Puppeteer, this testing will simulate
real-world user interactions with the system.
• Scenarios will include login/logout, role-based access, attendance
marking, fee payments, and more.

24
• Performance Testing:
• Ensuring the application can handle high traffic and heavy loads.
Tools like Apache JMeter will be used to simulate multiple users and
test the system's scalability.

• User Acceptance Testing (UAT):

• Conducted by actual end users (teachers, administrators,
students, and parents) to validate the system against the requirements
and user expectations.
• Feedback will be gathered to refine and improve the system
further.

25
References

[1] "Next.js Documentation." (2023). Next.js. Available: https://nextjs.org/docs.

[2] "PostgreSQL Documentation." (2023). PostgreSQL. Available:
https://www.postgresql.org/docs/.
[3] "Tailwind CSS Documentation." (2023). Tailwind CSS. Available:
https://tailwindcss.com/docs.
[4] "Docker Documentation." (2023). Docker. Available: https://docs.docker.com/.
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